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Background: The association studies of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) with the occurrence of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are limited worldwide; this study investigated the genetic risk/protective factors of MDS in KIR and human leucocyte antigen (HLA) systems to gain a better understanding of the role played by KIR and their cognate HLA ligands in MDS pathogenesis., Methods: We genotyped a total number of 77 patients with MDS from Chinese Southern Han and 745 healthy controls for the KIR loci and HLA class I . The carrier frequencies of KIR genes, KIR genotypes, class I HLA ligands, and KIR-HLA combinations were calculated by direct counting. The effect of individual KIR genes and HLA ligands on MDS risk was evaluated by logistic regression analyses using SAS 9.2 software., Results: We found that neither the KIR genes nor the KIR genotypes were associated with the occurrence of MDS. However, we observed that the frequencies for the strong inhibitory ligand HLA-Bw4 as well as KIR3DL1-HLA-Bw4 combination were significantly higher in healthy controls than those in the MDS patient group, respectively (73.42% vs. 62.34%, P = 0.038; 70.87% vs. 59.74%, P = 0.043)., Conclusion: Our results showed that HLA-Bw4 ligand and KIR3DL1-HLA-Bw4 combination could confer a protective effect against MDS in Chinese Southern Han., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Jian Xin Zhen et al.)

We do not know the clinical and prognostic factors that influence the survival of patients with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC). Therefore, a retrospective review was undertaken of 219 patients with SRC who had undergone gastrectomy between January 2009 and December 2012 in our hospital. Patient age, sex, TNM stage, vessel carcinoma embolus, perineural invasion, tumor site and operation type, postoperative chemotherapy, and five-year overall survival were recorded and evaluated. In our study, 93 cases (42.5%) were signet ring cell carcinoma only, and 126 cases (57.5%) were signet ring cell carcinoma coexisting with other components (such as adenocarcinoma or mucus adenocarcinoma). Eighty-three patients were female, 136 were male, 46 occurred at the gastroesophageal junction (21.0%), 63 at the fundus/body (28.8%), 80 were antrum/pylorus (36.5%), and 30 were whole stomach (13.7%). The prognosis of gastric antrum/ pylorus cancer was the best (P < 0.05). There were 133 patients (60.7%) with stage III, and the single factor analysis showed that the earlier the stage, the better the prognosis. The overall five-year survival rate was 30.1% in all patients. One-hundred and 41 patients (64.4%) received D2 radical surgery, 64 (29.2%) received D1 radical operation, and 14 (6.4%) received palliative resection, and the patients who received D2 had the best overall survival (P < 0.05). The survival time of the paclitaxel-based regimen in postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy tended to be prolonged. There was no statistical difference in overall survival between the percentage of signet-ring cells and sex. In summary, age, tumor stage, and surgical resection combined with D2 lymphadenectomy were independent prognostic factors for SRC. Adjuvant chemotherapy with a paclitaxel-based regimen may improve the survival of patients with SRC.

Emerging evidence indicated that changes in DNA methylation early in breast cancer (BC) development might be clinically relevant for therapeutic decisions. Through analysis of whole-genome gene expression microarray and DNA methylation microarray, we explored genes with abnormal DNA methylation in BC for early detection. Firstly, human BC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected from nine BC patients. Gene expression microarray sequencing was conducted for identifying differentially expressed genes and DNA methylation microarray sequencing for differentially methylated genes in BC. Differentially expressed genes and methylated genes in BC were further explored using the Cancer Genome Atlas database. The correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression was illustrated by multiple comparisons. In other 60 clinical samples, methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription quantitative PCR were applied for the methylation of HOXA4 and IGF1 genes in BC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. In total, 1680 upregulated genes and 1249 downregulated genes were determined in BC. Chromosome 16 and 17 showed more differentially methylated genes, and DNA methylation level was increased in BC tissues in each gene region. Chromosome 19 showed more differentially methylated genes, and DNA methylation level was increased in BC tissues in the exoniensis 1, untranslated region-5 and transcriptional start site 200 gene regions. In other 60 clinical samples, HOXA4 and IGF1 in BC tissues presented increased DNA methylation and decreased gene expression in BC. MCF7 cells treated with RG108 showed decreased HOXA4 and IGF1 expressions. It was estimated that HOXA4 and IGF1 were identified with increased DNA methylation and decreased gene expression in BC, which may serve as biomarkers in early BC detection., (© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Although many researchers have studied on the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) BsmI polymorphism and periodontitis, this association remains elusive. To further assess the effects of VDR BsmI polymorphism on the risk of periodontitis, a meta-analysis was performed in a single ethnic group. We searched PubMed and Chinese databases for relevant studies till April 2017. The strength of the associations were assessed used pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Six studies including 757 periodontitis cases and 670 controls were identified at last. In the total analyses, VDR BsmI polymorphism was not associated with the risk of periodontitis in all models. The subgroup analyses suggested a significantly reduced risk of periodontitis in South China. In conclusion, our meta-analysis showed that VDR BsmI polymorphism was associated with the decreased risk of periodontitis in Chinese individuals from South China, and further studies in other ethic groups are required for definite conclusions.

KIR2DL1*030 differs from KIR2DL1*00302 by a single non-synonymous mutation in exon 4., (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

KIR2DL1*00602 differs from KIR2DL1*00302 by a non-synonymous mutation in exon 7., (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

HLA-A*02:431 differs from the closest allele HLA-A*02:03:01 by a nonsynonymous mutation at nucleotide 317 in exon 2., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The novel KIR3DL1*079 allele differs from KIR3DL1*0150201 by a single mutation at CDS nt1119 G>T., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The novel KIR2DL2*013 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DL2*00302 by two non-synonymous mutations., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

KIR2DL3*026 differs from the closest allele KIR2DL3*00101 by a nonsynonymous mutation in exon 4., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

KIR2DL3*027 differs from the closest allele KIR2DL3*00101 by a nonsynonymous mutation in exon 7., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

KIR2DL3*029 differs from the closest allele KIR2DL3*00101 by a single missense mutation at CDS nt505 C > A., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The novel KIR2DL3*025 allele differs from the closest allele KIR2DL3*0010101 by a non-synonymous mutation at CDS nt280 C>A in exon 4., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

KIR2DL3*030 differs from the closest allele, KIR2DL3*00101, by a single missense mutation at CDS., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

KIR2DL3*00110 differs from KIR2DL3*00101 by a single silent mutation at coding sequence (CDS) nt618 A>C in exon 5., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The novel KIR2DL3*031 allele differs from KIR2DL3*00101 by a synonymous mutation and a non-synonymous mutation., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The novel HLA-DPB1*166:01 allele differs from the closest allele DPB1*152:01 by a single missense mutation at CDS nt 315G>A in exon 2., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objective: To analyze the status of HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 matching for unrelated donor-recipient pairs matched at high-resolution allele level for HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 loci., Methods: A total of 76 unrelated donor-recipient pairs matching at allele level for HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 loci were subjected to HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 sequence-based typing (SBT). HLA-DPA1and DPB1 matching status at high-resolution allelic level was also analyzed., Results: The allelic identity ratio for single HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 were 17.1% and 9.2%, respectively. HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 allelic identity ratio were both very low. The majority of unrelated donor-recipient pairs (73.7%) had an incompatibility at 1 HLA-DPA1 allele, 9.2% of pairs had an incompatibility at 2 DPA1 alleles. As for the high-polymorphic HLA-DPB1 gene, 57.9% of studied donor-recipient pairs had an incompatibility at 1 HLA-DPB1 allele, almost 1/3 (32.9%) of them were completely incompatible. When HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 genes were analyzed together, the donor-recipient pairs matched at 2/4 was the most common (51.4%), 4/4 allelic complete matched pairs accounted for 5.6%, and 0/4 matched pairs accounted for 8.3%., Conclusion: Our results indicated that the ratio of HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 complete match in the unrelated donor-recipient pairs matching at allelic level for HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 loci were very low. The effect of HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 matching status on clinical unrelated stem cell transplantation still needs to be elucidated.

Low impact development best management practices (LID-BMPs) are considered to be cost-effective measures for mitigating the water quantity and quality impact of urban runoff. Currently, there are many types of LID-BMPs, and each type has its own intrinsic technical and/or economical characteristics and limitations for implementation. The selection of the most appropriate BMP type(s) for a specific installation site is therefore a very important planning step. In the present study, a multi-criteria selection index system (MCIS) for LID-BMP planning was developed. The selection indexes include 12 first-level indices and 26 second-level indices which reflect the specific installation site characteristics pertaining to site suitability, runoff control performance, and economics of implementation. A mechanism for ranking the BMPs was devised. First, each individual second-level index was assigned a numeric value that was based on site characteristics and information on LID-BMPs. The quantified indices were normalized and then integrated to obtain the score for each of the first-level index. The final evaluation scores of each LID-BMP were then calculated based on the scores for the first-level indices. Finally, the appropriate BMP types for a specific installation site were determined according to the rank of the final evaluation scores. In order to facilitate the application of the MCIS BMP ranking system, the computational process has been coded into a software program, BMPSELEC. A case study demonstrating the MCIS methodology, using an LID-BMP implementation planning at a college campus in Foshan, Guangdong Province, is presented.

Objective: To investigate the infection of HEV in Quzhou area of Zhejiang Province., Methods: All sera from blood donors in the central blood bank of Quzhou from April 2006 to April 2007 were used. Anti-HEV IgG and anti-HEV IgM were measured by EIA. RT-PCR was also performed to the samples with positive anti-HEV IgM. Genotype and sequence homology were analyzed after sequencing., Results: The positive ratio of anti-HEV IgG was 40.60%, in which the male infection ratio was higher than the female significantly (43.09% VS 36.09%; chi2=22.6; P < 0.01). The infection ratio was increased with age. The positive ratio of anti-HEV IgM was 0.43%. The positive ratio of anti-HEV IgG and the titers of antibody were higher in the inferior clinical infectors with positive anti-HEV IgM than the negative ones (P < 0.05). Two samples were positive in HEV PCR among 21 samples with positive anti-HEV IgM. The toxemia ratio was 0.4% of all the donors. And the genotype of the two samples with toxemia were both HEV-IV., Conclusion: The HEV infection was correlation with age and sex significantly and the infection occurred in the adults mainly in Quzhou area. HEV toxemia was not infrequency in the blood donors.

Aim: To study the therapeutic effect of intraperitoneal hyperthermic double-distilled water and cis-diaminodichloro-platinum (DDP) perfusion for cancerous ascites and radical gastrectomy., Methods: LACA mice were injected peritoneally with H22 cancer cells (2 × 10(7) tumor cells). Five days later, the mice received treatments with either intraperitoneal perfusion of 37 °C isotonic fluid (group I), or 43 °C simple hyperthermic double-distilled water (group II), isotonic fluid (group III), DDP (group IV) or a combination of the hyperthermic double-distilled water with DDP (group V). A clinical experiment with intraperitoneal hyperthermic double-distilled water perfusion with DDP was carried out from September 1991 through September 1993 with 32 advanced gastric cancer patients who had undergone radical gastrectomy., Results: In comparison with the untreated control group of cancer cell-bearing LACA mice, the mice in all treatment groups showed near complete obliteration of cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity, markedly reduced ascites, prolonged survival times, and reduced growth of peritoneal cancerous nodes. In the clinical experiment, all 32 patients with advanced carcinoma had achieved satisfactory results at the 1-year follow-up, but had unsatisfactory results at the 2-year follow-up., Conclusion: The intraperitoneal hyperthermic double-distilled water perfusion with DDP inhibited the occurrence of ascites in LACA mice bearing cancer cells, and prolonged the lifetime of patients with gastric cancer who had undergone radical gastrectomy.