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Genike, the imatinib (IM)-alpha form is widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients in China. We wanted to investigate whether there are differences in IM plasma concentrations, adverse events, health-related quality of life (QOL) and outcomes between patients treated with Genike and Glivec. Thirty included GIST patients receiving IM treatment were matched to either Genike or Glivec according to gastrectomy, body weight, body surface area and sex. There was no statistically significant difference in IM trough plasma levels between the two groups. There were no significant differences in very common adverse events of IM between the Genike and Glivec groups. IM was well tolerated, although it was associated with a significant change in cognitive function (P < 0.001), fatigue (P = 0.015), pain (P = 0.015), nausea/vomiting (P = 0.029), insomnia (P = 0.019), diarrhea (P = 0.003) and financial difficulties (P < 0.001). Physical functioning, financial burden and insomnia were significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.026). Until Aug. 2022, there was no significant difference in time to imatinib treatment failure (TTF) between the two groups. In conclusion, there was no difference in IM plasma concentration and adverse events between Genike and Glivec. Both Genike and Glivec could partially decrease the QOL of GIST patients. Physical functioning was worse in Genike group than in Glivec group, while the economic burden and symptoms of insomnia in Glivec patients were worse. There was no significant difference in TTF between the two groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three hybrid electrochemical protocols, which involve the energy transfer, direct photolysis and N‐hydroxyphthalimide catalyst, respectively, are presented for the selenylation/cyclization of the fragile substrates of 3‐aza‐1,5‐dienes with diorganyl diselenides to afford 3‐selenomethyl‐4‐pyrrolin‐2‐ones. The two electrophotocatalytic reactions and the indirect electrolysis one are both regioselective and external‐oxidant‐ and transition‐metal‐free, and are associated with a broad substrate scope and high Se‐economy, and all three methods are amenable to gram‐scale syntheses, late‐stage functionalizations, sunlight‐induced experiments and all‐solar‐driven syntheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Aim Methods Results Conclusions Implications for nursing and health policy The urgency and risk of clinical nursing may cause nurses to experience traumatic stress, but it may also lead to posttraumatic growth. However, no study has comprehensively analyzed the prevalence of posttraumatic growth among nurses using a unified outcome measure and a validated assessment tool.This study aims to systematically assess the prevalence and factors of posttraumatic growth among nurses based on the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI).Ten databases, including The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Springerlink, Embase, Chinese Biomedical (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, and VIP databases, were searched as of December 31, 2022. The prevalence of posttraumatic growth was pooled using Stata 17.0 software. The PRISMA guideline was used to report the systematic review and meta‐analysis. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022365620.A total of 30 studies were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis, consisting of 14,022 nurses worldwide from four countries. In our study, the pooled mean score of posttraumatic growth among nurses was 66.34 (95% CI: 61.25–71.43). From 2015 to 2022, nurses’ posttraumatic growth levels gradually increased. In addition, Turkey nurses have the lowest posttraumatic growth levelnurses who experienced workplace violence have a lower posttraumatic growth level compared with other nurses; while nurses aged over 30 and male have higher posttraumatic growth levels.While several studies on the prevalence of posttraumatic growth among nurses have been published, the reported data are quite different. Our systematic review and meta‐analysis found that nurses’ posttraumatic growth level was “moderate,” and nurses’ posttraumatic growth may vary based on publication year, country, traumatic event, age, and gender.Our findings may provide a theoretical basis for hospital administrators and policy makers to scientifically manage human resources, comprehensively evaluate nurses’ mental health, and promote nurses’ posttraumatic growth in different traumatic events, which is conducive to the formulation and implementation of relevant policy guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The multimetallic catalysts with adjustable electronic structures and synergy effect between various metals compared to monometallic catalysts are widely applied in electrocatalysis. Herein, graphene is doped with N and P to prepare rGNP support, then a trimetallic PtCoNi/rGNP catalyst is prepared via simple impregnation and galvanic replacement reaction methods. Pt is highly dispersed on the CoNi alloy nanoparticles (NPs) on rGNP for PtCoNi/rGNP. Based on various characterization techniques and electrochemical testing results such as ICP-OES, XRD, XPS, TEM, HRTEM, STEM, STEM-EDX elemental mapping and line-scanning, it confirms the nanostructure of PtCoNi/rGNP (Pt-on-CoNi alloy). The overpotential of PtCoNi/rGNP for hydrogen evolution (HER) via acidic water electrolysis at 100 mA cm−2 is 15 mV, lower than commercial Pt/C (Pt/C) (66 mV). The Tafel slope of PtCoNi/rGNP is 6.46 mV dec−1, smaller than that of Pt/C (17.15 mV dec−1). The overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 only increases with 3.2 mV (reaching 13.2 mV) after a long time stability testing of 72 h, still lower than Pt/C (20 mV), indicating that it has high catalytic activity and stability. This work not only reveals the synergistic effect mechanism of noble metal-on-non-noble metal for the HER, but also provides a new strategy to develop efficient and highly stable catalysts for the HER. [Display omitted] • PtCoNi/rGNP with Pt-on-CoNi alloy is synthesized by impregnation and galvanic replacement reaction methods • The synergistic effect of multimetallic components in PtCoNi/rGNP can promote the acidic hydrogen evolution reaction • PtCoNi/rGNP with superior electrocatalytic activity and stability for the HER in comparison with commercial Pt/C • It shows that there is an electronic effect between Pt and N (P) in PtCoNi/rGNP (electrons transfer from N and P to Pt) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network dismantling is one of the most challenging problems in complex systems. This problem encompasses a broad array of practical applications. Previous works mainly focus on the metrics such as the number of nodes in the Giant Connected Component (GCC), average pairwise connectivity, etc. This paper introduces a novel metric, the accumulated 2-core size, for assessing network dismantling. Due to the NP-hard computational complexity of this problem, we propose SmartCore, an end-to-end model for minimizing the accumulated 2-core size by leveraging reinforcement learning and graph neural networks. Extensive experiments across synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate SmartCore's superiority over existing methods in terms of both accuracy and speed, suggesting that SmartCore should be a better choice for the network dismantling problem in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron oxide–apatite (IOA or Kiruna-type) deposits typically consist of a magnetite-apatite-actinolite/diopside assemblage and are spatially associated with extensive Na-(Ca) alteration and brecciation. The origin of these deposits is highly controversial and has been ascribed to the separation of iron-oxide/sulfate-(carbonate) melts, magnetite emulsions, or metasomatic replacement by aqueous fluids from silicate magmas. Here, we propose a new model based on the findings from a cluster of IOA deposits located in the early Cretaceous Ningwu andesitic volcanic field, eastern China. In these deposits, magnetite coeval with apatite and actinolite occurs as coarse-grained veins, massive replacement, and fine-grained disseminations in the albitized, often brecciated, apical zones of diorite porphyry intrusions, the overlying andesites, and adjacent sedimentary rocks. The primary magnetite grains from ores with various textures contain similar and variable trace element compositions with up to 5 wt% Ti + V and show the characteristics of high-temperature hydrothermal magnetite in magmatic-hydrothermal systems. Diopside and garnet as well as magnetite contain fluid inclusions with multiple daughter minerals (vapor + halite + sylvite ± anhydrite ± iron chloride ± liquid ± hematite), which show extremely high salinities of more than ~ 90 wt% NaClequiv, homogenization temperatures of 745–846 °C, and Cl/Br mole ratios of 2000–6000. In combination with oxygen isotopes of the magnetite-apatite assemblage and the association with shallow-seated ore-hosting porphyry, available evidence suggests that these deposits formed from hydrosaline liquid exsolved from subvolcanic dioritic magmas with high Cl/H2O at magmatic temperatures (~ 800 °C). Decompression from lithostatic to hydrostatic condition and the interaction with country rocks explain the abundance of breccia bodies and widespread sodic alteration in IOA deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the most common subtype of adult muscular dystrophy worldwide, large cohort reports on myotonic dystrophy type I (DM1) in China are still lacking. This study aims to analyze the genetic and clinical characteristics of Chinese Han DM1 patients. Methods: Based on the multicenter collaborating effort of the Pan-Yangtze River Delta Alliance for Neuromuscular Disorders, patients with suspected clinical diagnoses of DM1 were genetically confirmed from January 2020 to April 2023. Peak CTG repeats in the DMPK gene were analyzed using triplet repeat-primed PCR (TP-PCR) and flanking PCR. Time-to-event analysis of onset age in females and males was performed. Additionally, detailed clinical features and longitudinal changes from the disease onset in 64 DM1 patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale were used to quantify the severity of daytime sleepiness and fatigue. Results: Among the 211 genetically confirmed DM1 patients, the mean age at diagnosis was 40.9 ± 12.2 (range: 12–74) with a male-to-female ratio of 124:87. The average size of CTG repeats was 511.3 (range: 92–1945). Among the DM1 patients with comprehensive clinical data (n = 64, mean age 41.0 ± 12.0), the age at onset was significantly earlier in males than in females (4.8 years earlier, p = 0.026). Muscle weakness (92.2%), myotonia (85.9%), and fatigue (73.4%) were the most prevalent clinical features. The predominant involved muscles at onset are hands (weakness or myotonia) (52.6%) and legs (walking disability) (42.1%). Of them, 70.3% of patients had daytime sleepiness, 14.1% had cataract surgery, 7.8% used wheelchairs, 4.7% required ventilatory support, and 1.6% required gastric tubes. Regarding the comorbidities, 4.7% of patients had tumors, 17.2% had diabetes, 23.4% had dyspnea, 28.1% had intermittent insomnia, 43.8% experienced dysphagia, and 25% exhibited cognitive impairment. Chinese patients exhibited smaller size of CTG repeats (468 ± 139) than those reported in Italy (613 ± 623), the US (629 ± 386), and Japan (625 [302, 1047]), and milder phenotypes with less multisystem involvement. Conclusion: The Chinese Han DM1 patients presented milder phenotypes compared to their Caucasian and Japanese counterparts. A male predominance and an early age of onset were identified in male Chinese Han DM1 patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper employs the paradigm of an innovation ecosystem to stimulate fashion innovation. This study applies an integrative literature review on fashion innovation, innovation ecosystem and policy-driven innovation, proposes a theoretical framework – fashion innovation ecosystem and streams future research directions. The findings suggest the innovation ecosystem is an inclusive, constructive and systematic lens and contribute to the management of fashion innovation. A mechanism of policy-driven fashion innovation is proposed to stress the role of government as a key actor in the fashion innovation ecosystem. It identifies five research directions from the theoretical framework of the fashion innovation ecosystem, namely fashion innovation measurement, research methodology, policy-driven fashion innovation, fashion sustainability innovation ecosystem and open innovation. The study contributes to the theoretical development of fashion innovation management and innovation ecosystem; has practical implications for innovation strategy in the fashion sector; will benefit policymakers in formulating policy and fostering the institutional environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unique topic of allocating and scheduling tasks on a single machine in a multitasking environment is the main emphasis of this research, which also takes into account the effects of worsening maintenance and job-dependent aging effects. In this scenario, the performance and efficiency of the machine in handling different tasks should be symmetric, without significant bias due to the nature or size of the tasks. In a multitasking environment, waiting for jobs can disrupt the processing of the primary job being currently handled. As a result, the actual time required to complete a task becomes erratic and contingent upon the duration of the disruption. In addition to figuring out the best time for maintenance, where to put the due-window, and how big it should be in a multitasking environment, the primary objective is to minimize the costs associated with meeting due-window regulations. To tackle this problem, we propose two optimal algorithms. Additionally, we conduct numerical experiments to compare our approach with the classic due date assignment problem. Interestingly, we observe that in most cases, the average and minimum percentage costs tend to increase as the quantity of jobs increases. However, it is noteworthy that, when the number of jobs is relatively small, specifically when it does not exceed 20, there are instances where these costs decrease with an increase in the number of jobs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for myasthenia gravis (MG) were searched and the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of MG was evaluated by meta-analysis. Methods: We searched for RCTs in six main electronic databases, and collected RCTs of acupuncture treatment for MG from database creation to 28 February 2023. The main outcome was the effective rate and the secondary outcome was the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) relative clinical score, absolute clinical score (ACS) of MG, Quantitive myasthenia gravis score (QMG), quality of life, and adverse events. Odds ratios (ORs) and weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess pooled effect estimates using Review Manager software. Results: A total of 14 RCTs were included. Meta-analysis showed that the effective rate in the acupuncture group was significantly improved compared with conventional Western medicine alone [OR = 4.28, 95% CI (2.95, 6, 22), P<0.005]. The pooled WMDs revealed that TCM relative clinical score [WMD = -2.22, 95% CI = (-2.53, -1.90), P<0.005], ACS of MG [WMD = -3.14, 95% CI = (-3.67, -2.62), P<0.005], and QMG [WMD = -0.88, 95% CI = (-1.46, -0.29), P<0.005] in the acupuncture group was lower than the control group. Adverse reactions related to acupuncture and quality of life were less mentioned among included RCTs. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that acupuncture as an auxiliary may play a positive role in treating MG. It can improve the effective rate of treatment, and reduce TCM relative clinical score, ACS of MG, and QMG. However, the quality of included studies was generally low and caution should be exercised when considering this treatment option. In the future, more rigorous study designs and high-quality RCTs are needed to verify the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of MG, because the results of high-quality RCTs are more reliable and accurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health has been widely concerned, but the research on positive psychological factors is insufficient, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and factors of posttraumatic growth (PTG) among residents in the worst-hit areas of China (Hubei Province). We were conducted in three disaster areas with different severity in Hubei Province three months after the outbreak, and the data were from 575 respondents. Instruments included the simplified Chinese version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (C-PTGI) and the public health emergency psychological questionnaire. Nonparametric tests, Spearman correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression equations were used to analyze the data. The results showed that three months after the outbreak of COVID-19, the PTG of Hubei residents was at a low level, and their sense of fear was the most prominent, with a positive detection rate of 82.09%. According to the results of this study, high PTG levels were associated with high levels of fear, married and healthcare providers, while low levels of PTG were associated with serious chronic diseases, males, good economic status, and poor prevention and control measures. Government departments should strengthen social support for residents, carry out necessary stress management training to help them correctly deal with negative emotions and promote their personal growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frankliniella intonsa Trybom is a common flower‐inhabiting thrips species and an economically important pest of numerous horticultural and agricultural crops. Olfactory cues are important for thrips to find host plants. In this study, the olfactory behavioral responses of F. intonsa to volatiles from five Rosa chinensis cultivars (Samantha, Zeprti, Queen Elizabeth, Golden Scepter, and Witte Koster) were tested in Y‐tube and six‐arm olfactometer experiments. Then the volatile components of the R. chinensis flowers were analyzed by SPME coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Both female and male thrips showed significant preferences for volatiles from the five R. chinensis cultivars compared with clean air (CA). However, according to the six‐arm olfactometer bioassays, female F. intonsa adults were better than male thrips at recognizing the odor stimulation and showed the strongest olfactory preference for Samantha, followed by Zeprti, Queen Elizabeth, Golden Scepter, and then Witte Koster. SPME‐GC–MS analysis identified 56, 53, 53, 57, and 60 components in the volatile profiles of Samantha, Zeprti, Queen Elizabeth, Golden Scepter, and Witte Koster, respectively. Eugenol (12.53%) was the most abundant volatile compound in cultivar Witte Koster, ɑ‐pinene was the most abundant compound in Samantha (18.26%) and Zeprti (23.73%), and phenylethyl alcohol was the most abundant in Queen Elizabeth (30.10%) and Golden Scepter (31.33%). Therefore, the olfactory responses of F. intonsa to different R. chinensis cultivars demonstrated that host‐related volatiles play an important role in thrip host‐searching. Future mitigation approaches, for example, attractant traps, could still be used for key monitoring and control of this pest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractDrug-induced liver injury (DILI) is characterized by hepatocyte injury, cholestasis injury, and mixed injury. The liver transplantation is required for serious clinical outcomes such as acute liver failure. Current studies have found that many mechanisms were involved in DILI, such as mitochondrial oxidative stress, apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, etc. Ferroptosis occurs when hepatocytes die from iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and plays a key role in DILI. After entry into the liver, where some drugs or chemicals are metabolized, they convert into hepatotoxic substances, consume reduced glutathione (GSH), and decrease the reductive capacity of GSH-dependent GPX4, leading to redox imbalance in hepatocytes and increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation level, leading to the undermining of hepatocytes; some drugs facilitated the autophagy of ferritin, orchestrating the increased ion level and ferroptosis. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of ferroptosis in chemical- or drug-induced liver injury (chemical/DILI) and how natural products inhibit ferroptosis to prevent chemical/DILI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adenotonsillectomy is the most common daytime surgery performed on children. Anesthesiologists must select the optimal combination of drugs to ensure effective anesthesia effect and prompt recovery in children. The optimal induction dose of ciprofol in children is unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of different doses of ciprofol on anesthesia induction in children undergoing daytime adenotonsillectomy and provide a reference for clinical use. 144 children aged 3–12 years, ASA I-II, undergoing daytime adenotonsillectomy, were included in this clinical trial. The children were randomly divided into three groups and given 0.4 mg/kg (C4), 0.6 mg/kg (C6), or 0.8 mg/kg (C8) of ciprofol for anesthesia induction. The primary outcome was intubation conditions. Vital signs and injection pain were also recorded. The rates of unacceptable intubation conditions were 30.6%, 8.7%, and 8.2% in the C4, C6, and C8 groups (P value < 0.0167). The overall incidence of reported injection pain was 3.5%. The heart rate and mean arterial pressure did not differ between the groups at the same time points. We found that combining 0.6 mg/kg of ciprofol with low-dose rocuronium could provide optimal intubation conditions in pediatric daytime adenotonsillectomy patients. This combination resulted in stable circulation and BIS values. This study is registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration number: ChiCTR2200063144, Date of Registration: 31/08/2022) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic electrosynthesis has consistently aroused significant interest within both academic and industrial spheres. Despite the considerable progress achieved in this field, the majority of electrochemical transformations have been conducted through the utilization of direct‐current (DC) electricity. In contrast, the application of alternating current (AC), characterized by its polarity‐alternating nature, remains in its infancy within the sphere of organic synthesis, primarily due to the absence of a comprehensive theoretical framework. This minireview offers an overview of recent advancements in AC‐driven organic transformations and seeks to elucidate the differences between DC and AC electrolytic methodologies by probing into their underlying physical principles. These differences encompass the ability of AC to preclude the deposition of metal catalysts, the precision in modulating oxidation and reduction intensities, and the mitigation of mass transfer processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic electrosynthesis has consistently aroused significant interest within both academic and industrial spheres. Despite the considerable progress achieved in this field, the majority of electrochemical transformations have been conducted through the utilization of direct‐current (DC) electricity. In contrast, the application of alternating current (AC), characterized by its polarity‐alternating nature, remains in its infancy within the sphere of organic synthesis, primarily due to the absence of a comprehensive theoretical framework. This minireview offers an overview of recent advancements in AC‐driven organic transformations and seeks to elucidate the differences between DC and AC electrolytic methodologies by probing into their underlying physical principles. These differences encompass the ability of AC to preclude the deposition of metal catalysts, the precision in modulating oxidation and reduction intensities, and the mitigation of mass transfer processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the production of electric vehicles and lithium-ion batteries continues to rise, concerns over resource scarcity and supply shortages of critical metals, including Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, and Li, have become increasingly urgent. To address these concerns and promote environmental protection, there is a growing demand for the recycling of hazardous waste containing these critical metals as secondary resources. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel synergistic solvent extraction system of D2EHPA-NNPA, which fills a gap in the lack of a suitable extraction system for the hydrometallurgical industry of secondary resources containing Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, and Li. With the specific extraction sequence of D2EHPA-NNPA, a novel process has been designed and proposed for the stepwise extraction of Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, and Li from secondary resources, which significantly simplifies process flows while avoiding cross-contamination of the extractants and the production of industrial wastewater. Furthermore, the proposed "extraction-scrubbing-stripping" process has been investigated from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives, demonstrating that the novel synergistic solvent extraction system of D2EHPA-NNPA is a viable option for industrial applications to promote a circular economy and achieve sustainability objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

National holidays are associated with high mortality in some diseases, but little is known about patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). The research aimed to investigate the impact of national holidays on the health outcomes of PD patients. Over ten years, all episodes of unplanned hospitalization, death, and peritonitis in PD patients were collected in our center. Seven national holidays in China were chosen, and non-holiday days were selected as the control period. The effect of national holidays was observed by comparing the hospitalization, death, and peritonitis rates between holiday and non-holiday groups. There were 297 events in all holiday periods and 1247 in non-holiday periods. There is no significant difference in hospitalization rate between holiday and non-holiday groups (32.4% ± 6.4% vs. 29.2% ± 3.4%, p = 0.175). So is the death rate [6.3% (4.8–12.3%) vs.5.0% (4.2–8.9%), p = 0.324] and peritonitis rate [0.19 (0.13–0.53) vs. 0.22 (0.18–0.27), p = 0.445] between the two groups. Significant differences were observed in the distribution of peritonitis causes between the two groups (p = 0.017). The rate of secondary to other infections in the holiday group was significantly higher than in the non-holiday group (25.0 vs. 10.3%, p = 0.015). Our study suggested no national holiday effect on health outcomes of PD patients based on ten-year data in our center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite tremendous efforts that have been dedicated to high‐performance electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs), traditional electrode fabrication processes still face the daunting challenge of limited energy/power density or compromised mechanical compliance. 3D thick electrodes can maximize the utilization of z‐axis space to enhance the energy density of EESDs but still suffer from limitations in terms of poor mechanical stability and sluggish electron/ion transport. Direct ink writing (DIW), an eminent branch of 3D printing technology, has gained popularity in the manufacture of 3D electrodes with intricately designed architectures and rationally regulated porosity, promoting a triple boost in areal mass loading, ion diffusion kinetics, and mechanical flexibility. This focus review highlights the fundamentals of printable inks and typical configurations of 3D‐printed devices. In particular, preparation strategies for high‐performance and multifunctional 3D‐printed EESDs are systemically discussed and classified according to performance evaluation metrics such as high areal energy density, high power density, high volumetric energy density, and mechanical flexibility. Challenges and prospects for the fabrication of high‐performance 3D‐printed EESDs are outlined, aiming to provide valuable insights into this thriving field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Background Methods Results Conclusions This study aimed to explore the effects of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue on the posttraumatic growth of psychiatric nurses.Psychiatric nurses' prolonged and repeated exposure to trauma and complex situations in the work environment can lead to negative emotions such as compassion fatigue, but they also experience positive consequences such as posttraumatic growth, and the relationship between compassion fatigue and posttraumatic growth is not unclear.A total of 336 nurses from psychiatry departments of seven tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province, China, were administered an online questionnaire. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling. The posttraumatic growth level was measured with the Simplified Chinese version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. The Professional Quality of Life Scale‐Chinese version was used to assess compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress. T‐test and one‐way variance analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical linear regression were used for data analysis. A STROBE checklist was used to guide the reporting of the research.Psychiatric nurses' posttraumatic growth is at a low level, influenced by demographic and occupational factors, whereas compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress are at a moderate level. Hierarchical regression analysis suggested that compassion satisfaction and secondary traumatic stress had a positive impact on posttraumatic growth, whereas burnout had a negative impact on posttraumatic growth.Findings suggest that nursing managers should attach importance to the mental health of psychiatric nurses, improve compassion satisfaction, alleviate burnout and promote posttraumatic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kawasaki disease is a pressing acute self-limiting inflammatory disorder disease which lack of specific biomarkers. Our research aims to investigate the serum expression of a novel immune regulator PK2 in children with Kawasaki disease and to evaluate the ability of PK2 to predict Kawasaki disease. A total of 70 children with Kawasaki disease in the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University who were first diagnosed, 20 children with common fever admitted to hospital due to bacterial infection during the same period, and 31 children underwent physical examination were included in this study. Venous blood was collected for complete blood count, CRP, ESR, PCT, and PK2 before clinical intervention. The predictive potential of PK2 as a biomarker for the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease was judged by correlation analysis, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and combined score. Compared with healthy children and children with common fever, children diagnosed with Kawasaki disease had significantly lower serum PK2 concentrations (median 28,503.7208 ng/ml, 26,242.5484 ng/ml, and 16,890.2452 ng/ml, respectively, Kruskal–Wallis test: p < 0.0001). Analysis of the existing indicators in other laboratories showed that WBC (Kruskal–Wallis test: p < 0.0001), PLT (Kruskal–Wallis test: p = 0.0018), CRP (Mann–Whitney U: p < 0.0001), ESR (Mann–Whitney U: p = 0.0092), NLR (Kruskal–Wallis test: p < 0.0001), and other indicators were significantly increased compared with healthy children and children with common fever, RBC (Kruskal–Wallis test: p < 0.0001), and Hg (Kruskal–Wallis test: p < 0.0001) were significantly decreased in children with Kawasaki disease conversely. In the analysis of the Spearman correlation, it was found that serum PK2 concentration and NLR ratio were significantly negatively correlated in children with Kawasaki disease (rs = -0.2613, p = 0.0301). In the analysis of the ROC curves, it was found that the area under the PK2 curve was 0.782 (95% confidence interval 0.683–0.862; p < 0.0001), the ESR was 0.697 (95% confidence interval 0.582–0.796; p = 0.0120), the CRP was 0.601 (95% confidence interval 0.683–0.862; p = 0.1805), and the NLR was 0.735 (95% confidence interval 0.631–0.823; p = 0.0026). PK2 can significantly predict Kawasaki disease independently of CRP and ESR (p < 0.0001). The combined score of PK2 and ESR can significantly improve the diagnostic performance of PK2 (AUC = 0.827, 95% CI 0.724–0.903, p < 0.0001). The sensitivity was 87.50%, the sensitivity was 75.81%, the positive likelihood ratio was 6.0648, and the Youden index was 0.6331. PK2 has the potential to be a biomarker for early diagnosis of Kawasaki disease, and the combined use of ESR can further improve its diagnostic performance. Our study identifies PK2 as an important biomarker for Kawasaki disease and provides a potential new diagnostic strategy for Kawasaki disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene gamma (GADD45G), an important member of GADD45 family, has been connected to the development of certain human cancers. Our previous studies have confirmed that GADD45G expression could be upregulated by 4-methoxydalbergione (4MOD) in liver cancer cells, but its potential pathological role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been fully understood. This study aimed to determine potential role of GADD45G in HCC, and the effects of 4-methoxydalbergione (4MOD) on the regulation of GADD45G expression in vivo were also analyzed. Methods: Publicly available data and in-house immunohistochemistry (IHC) experiments were utilized to explore the expression profiles and clinical significance of GADD45G in HCC samples. Functional enrichment analysis based on GADD45G co-expression genes was used to excavate the molecular mechanism of GADD45G in HCC. We also conducted in vivo experiment on BALB/c nude mice to excavate the inhibitory effect of 4MOD on HCC and to evaluate the differences in the expression of GADD45G in xenograft tissues between the 4MOD-treated and untreated groups. Results: GADD45G displayed significant low expression in HCC tissues. Downregulated expression of GADD45G was positively correlated with some high risk factors in HCC patients and predicted worse prognosis of HCC patients. There was a close association of GADD45G mRNA expression and immune cells, including neutrophils, NK cells, CD8 T cells, and macrophages. Co-expressed genes of GADD45G were involved in several pathways including cell cycle, carbon metabolism, and peroxisome. 4MOD could significantly suppress the growth of HCC in vivo, and this inhibitory effect was dependent on the upregulation of GADD45G expression. Conclusion: GADD45G expression can be used as a new clinical biomarker for HCC and GADD45G may be a potential target for the anti-cancer effect of 4MOD in liver cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore and describe the experience of decision-making for patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) from the perspectives of family surrogate decision-makers. A total of 21 face-to-face interviews with family surrogate decision-makers from a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China were conducted from January 2021 to February 2021. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Four main themes were identified and were included in this study: (1) a tough choice between life and dignity, (2) a major responsibility for patient's voice, (3) complex considerations between ethics and morals, and (4) the importance of realistic basis. The surrogate decision-making of DOC patients in China has been affected by the Chinese cultural context and several practical roots. And the family surrogate decision-makers shared their experiences of trade-offs during the decision-making process. Moreover, family surrogate decision-makers realized their serious responsibility to make a decision that would be in the best interest of DOC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY: Plants employ various molecular mechanisms to maintain primary root elongation upon salt stress. Identification of key functional genes, therein, is important for improving crop salt tolerance. Through analyzing natural variation of the primary root length of Arabidopsis natural population under salt stress, we identified NIGT1.4, encoding an MYB transcription factor, as a novel contributor to maintained root growth under salt stress. Using both T‐DNA knockout and functional complementation, NIGT1.4 was confirmed to have a role in promoting primary root growth in response to salt stress. The expression of NIGT1.4 in the root was shown induced by NaCl treatments in an ABA‐dependent manner. SnRK2.2 and 2.3 were shown to interact with and phosphorylate NIGT1.4 individually. The growth of the primary root of snrk2.2/2.3/2.6 triple mutant was shown sensitive to salt stress, which was similar to nigt1.4 plants. Using DNA affinity purification sequencing, ERF1, a known positive regulator for primary root elongation and salt tolerance, was identified as a target gene for NIGT1.4. The transcriptional induction of ERF1 by salt stress was shown absent in nigt1.4 background. NIGT1.4 was also confirmed to bind to the promoter region of ERF1 by yeast one‐hybrid experiment and to induce the expression of ERF1 by dual‐luciferase analysis. All data support the notion that salt‐ and ABA‐elicited NIGT1.4 induces the expression of ERF1 to regulate downstream functional genes that contribute to maintained primary root elongation. NIGT1.4‐ERF1, therefore, acts as a signaling node linking regulators for stress resilience and root growth, providing new insights for breeding salt‐tolerant crops. Significance Statement: A new role of NIGT1.4 in promoting root growth under salt stress through ABA signaling pathways was demonstrated, in which NIGT1.4 acts directly upstream of ERF1, a known key regulator for many stress‐responsive genes and auxin actions in the root. By using both forward and reverse genetic approaches, new genes in regulating root growth under salt stress were identified, and a signaling link between ABA and auxin was discovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Race is a consequential sociocultural cue in healthcare contexts. Racism is associated with health disparities. Extant research shows significant health inequities between white and Black people. However, little is known about health gaps between or among other racial groups. This study investigated how Blacks and Asian Americans perceive and experience racism in healthcare settings and in general daily life situations, and how these factors relate to their self-rated general health status and health-related quality of life. Findings from an online survey suggest strong similarities and subtle differences between the two racial groups and within the Asian subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of finding key players in a graph, also known as network dismantling, or network disintegration, aims to find an optimal removal sequence of nodes (edges, substructures) through a certain algorithm, ultimately causing functional indicators such as the largest connected component (GCC) or network pair connectivity in the graph to rapidly decline. As a typical NP-hard problem on graphs, recent methods based on reinforcement learning and graph representation learning have effectively solved such problems. However, existing reinforcement-learning-based key-player-identification algorithms often need to remove too many nodes in order to achieve the optimal effect when removing the remaining network until no connected edges remain. The use of a minimum number of nodes while maintaining or surpassing the performance of existing methods is a worthwhile research problem. To this end, a novel algorithm called MiniKey was proposed to tackle such challenges, which employs a specific deep Q-network architecture for reinforcement learning, a novel reward-shaping mechanism based on network functional indicators, and the graph-embedding technique GraphSage to transform network nodes into latent representations. Additionally, a technique dubbed 'virtual node technology' is integrated to grasp the overarching feature representation of the whole network. This innovative algorithm can be effectively trained on small-scale simulated graphs while also being scalable to large-scale real-world networks. Importantly, experiments from both six simulated datasets and six real-world datasets demonstrates that MiniKey can achieve optimal performance, striking a perfect balance between the effectiveness of key node identification and the minimization of the number of nodes that is utilized, which holds potential for real-world applications such as curbing misinformation spread in social networks, optimizing traffic in transportation systems, and identifying key targets in biological networks for targeted interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nurses' secondary traumatic stress, compassion satisfaction and posttraumatic growth are closely related, but for newly graduated nurses, there are few reports to evaluate the specific path between these three. The aim of this study was to investigate examine the mediating role of compassion satisfaction in secondary traumatic stress and posttraumatic growth among newly graduated nurses. Methods: From March 2021 to May 2021, a total of 330 newly graduated nurses from five tertiary hospitals in China were enrolled, and asked to complete questionnaires regarding secondary traumatic stress, compassion satisfaction and posttraumatic growth. Descriptive statistics, independent-samples T-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation model were used in this study. A STROBE checklist was used to report findings. Results: The scores of secondary traumatic stress, compassion satisfaction and posttraumatic growth of newly graduated nurses were 27.11 ± 4.94 (score range: 10–50), 31.89 ± 6.22 (score range: 10–50) and 56.47 ± 20.41 (score range: 0-100), respectively. Additionally, structural equation modeling showed that compassion satisfaction mediated the relationship between secondary traumatic stress and posttraumatic growth with the partial mediating effect of 0.089. Conclusions: Newly graduated nurses may experience moderate secondary traumatic stress, but their posttraumatic growth is at a low level, and compassion satisfaction significantly affects the relationship between the two. Nursing managers should strengthen psychological evaluation, and promote their posttraumatic growth by improving their level of compassion satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. To investigate the levels and influencing factors of compassion fatigue among new nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Background. New nurses are often unable to cope with the escalating nursing problems during the COVID-19 epidemic because of their lack of work experience, which may reduce their level of compassion satisfaction and cause compassion fatigue. However, there is little research on compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction among new nurses during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study. From June to October 2021, 520 new nurses were selected from eight designated hospital for treatment of COVID-19 in China for electronic survey. Questions elicited social-demographics, work-related information, lifestyle factors, and the Chinese version Professional Quality of Life Scale. Results. The scores of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress of new nurses were 31.85 ± 6.18, 27.94 ± 5.04, and 27.17 ± 4.87, respectively. In addition, regression analysis showed that nurses' compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress were affected by social-demographics, work-related information, and lifestyle factors. Conclusions. During the COVID-19 epidemic, compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress of new nurses were at a moderate level, which were relatively affected by work-related information and lifestyle, and had little correlation with social-demographics. Implications for Nursing Management. Hospital administrators can promote new nurses' compassion satisfaction and alleviate their compassion fatigue by improving job satisfaction, encouraging smoking cessation, arranging work hours reasonably, ensuring sleep hours, reducing workplace violence, and strengthening the reporting of violence incidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In order to improve early access to palliative care, strategies for monitoring referral practices in real-time are needed. Objective: To evaluate how Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status (AKPS) at the time of initial palliative care consult differs between serious illnesses and could be used to identify opportunities for earlier referral. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated data from an inpatient palliative care consult registry. Serious illnesses were classified using ICD-10 codes. AKPS was assessed by palliative care clinicians during consult. Results: The AKPS distribution varied substantially between the different serious illnesses (p < 0.001). While patients with cancer and heart disease often had preserved functional status, the majority of patients with dementia, neurological, lung, liver, and renal disease were already completely bedbound at the time of initial palliative care consult. Conclusion: Measuring functional status at the time of palliative care referral could be helpful for monitoring referral practices and identifying opportunities for earlier referral. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nurses’ organizational citizenship behavior, a spontaneous “altruistic work behavior”, may be affected by psychological capital and organizational commitment, but its mechanism is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics and distribution of psychological capital, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior among nurses during the COVID-19 epidemic, and explore the mediating role of organizational commitment in psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 746 nurses from 6 designated hospitals for COVID-19 treatment in China. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and structural equation model were used in this study. Results: Nurses’ psychological capital, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior scores were 103.12 ± 15.57, 46.53 ± 7.14 and 101.47 ± 12.14, respectively. Additionally, organizational commitment partially mediates between psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses’ psychological capital, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior were found to be at an upper-middle level, influenced by various social-demographic factors. Furthermore, the results illustrated that psychological capital can affect organizational citizenship behavior through the mediating role of organizational commitment. Therefore, the findings emphasize the importance of nursing administration to monitor and prioritize the mental health and organizational behavior of nurses during the ongoing COVID-19 crisis. It is crucial to focus on developing and nurturing nurses’ psychological capital, strengthening their organizational commitment, and ultimately promoting their organizational citizenship behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pitch and yaw motion of the platform affects the aerodynamic wake characteristics of the floating offshore wind turbine. Using Fluent software, numerical simulations were conducted on floating offshore wind turbines under pitch and yaw motion conditions of different frequencies and amplitudes, and their wake characteristics were thoroughly analyzed. The increase in amplitude and frequency of platform motion aggravates the fluctuation of power and axial thrust of the wind turbine. In addition, the tail vortex distribution of the wind turbine changes with time under both pitch and yaw motion conditions. Compared with the pitch motion, the hub vortex of the yaw motion is more concentrated and the wake vortex is relatively stable. The influence of the wake structure and blade tip velocity vortex distribution in pitch motion is greater than that in yaw motion. As the amplitude and frequency of platform motion increase, the recovery speed of wake under pitch and yaw motion increases. However, compared to yaw motion, the wake recovery speed under pitch motion is slower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The in vivo folding of amyloid β (Aβ) is influenced by many factors among which biomembrane interfaces play an important role. Here, using surface‐enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM), the adsorption, structure, and morphology of Aβ42 aggregating on different two‐dimensional interfaces were investigated. Results show that interfaces facilitate the aggregation of Aβ42 and are conducive to the formation of homogeneous aggregates, while the aggregates vary on different interfaces. On hydrophobic interfaces, strong hydrophobic interactions with the C‐terminus of Aβ42 result in the formation of small oligomers with a small proportion of the β‐sheet structure. On hydrophilic interfaces, hydrogen‐bonding interactions and electrostatic interactions promote the formation of large aggregate particles with β‐sheet structure. The hydration repulsion plays an important role in the interaction of Aβ42 with interfaces. These findings help to understand the nature of Aβ42 adsorption and aggregation on the biomembrane interface and the origin of heterogeneity and polymorphism of Aβ42 aggregates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A graph containing some edges with probability measures and other edges with uncertain measures is referred to as an uncertain random graph. Numerous real-world problems in social networks and transportation networks can be boiled down to optimization problems in uncertain random graphs. Actually, information in optimization problems in uncertain random graphs is always asymmetric. Regularization is a common optimization problem in graph theory, and the regularity index is a fundamentally measurable indicator of graphs. Therefore, this paper investigates the regularity index of an uncertain random graph within the framework of chance theory and information asymmetry theory. The concepts of k-regularity index and regularity index of the uncertain random graph are first presented on the basis of the chance theory. Then, in order to compute the k-regularity index and the regularity index of the uncertain random graph, a simple and straightforward calculating approach is presented and discussed. Furthermore, we discuss the relationship between the regularity index and the k-regularity index of the uncertain random graph. Additionally, an adjacency matrix-based algorithm that can compute the k-regularity index of the uncertain random graph is provided. Some specific examples are given to illustrate the proposed method and algorithm. Finally, we conclude by highlighting some potential applications of uncertain random graphs in social networks and transportation networks, as well as the future vision of its combination with symmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: The traditional Chinese medicine formula Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction (TSD), used for treating ischaemic stroke, has the potential to treat depressive disorder (DD). Objective: To explore the effective targets of TSD on DD animal models. Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were modelled by inducing chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) during 35 days and treated with three dosages of TSD (2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg) or fluoxetine (10mg/kg) by oral gavage for 14 days. Bodyweight measurements and behavioural tests were performed to observe the effect of TSD on the CUMS animals. A gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomic analysis was conducted to reveal the metabolic characteristics related to the curative effect of TSD. Levels of the proteins associated with the feature metabolites were analysed. Results: Reduced immobile duration and crossed squares in the behavioural tests were raised by 48.6% and 32.9%, on average, respectively, by TSD treatment (ED50=3.2 g/kg). Antidepressant effects of TSD were associated with 13 decreased metabolites and the restorations of ornithine and urea in the serum. TSD (5 g/kg) raised serum serotonin by 54.1 mg/dL but suppressed arginase I (Arg I) by 47.8 mg/dL in the CUMS rats. Proteins on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) axis that modulate the inhibition of Arg I were suppressed in the CUMS rats but reversed by the TSD intervention. Discussion and conclusions: TSD improves depression-like symptoms in CUMS rats. Further study will focus on the antidepressant-like effects of effective compounds contained in TSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intestinal microbiota is considered to play an integral role in maintaining health of host by modulating several physiological functions including nutrition, metabolism and immunity. Accumulated data from human and animal studies indicate that intestinal microbes can affect lipid metabolism in host through various direct and indirect biological mechanisms. These mechanisms include the production of various signalling molecules by the intestinal microbiome, which exert a strong effect on lipid metabolism, bile secretion in the liver, reverse transport of cholesterol and energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. This review discusses the findings of recent studies suggesting an emerging role of intestinal microbiota and its metabolites in regulating lipid metabolism and the association of intestinal microbiota with obesity. Additionally, we discuss the controversies and challenges in this research area. However, intestinal micro‐organisms are also affected by some external factors, which in turn influence the regulation of microbial lipid metabolism. Therefore, we also discuss the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, diet structure, exercise and other factors on intestinal microbiological changes and lipid metabolism regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the poor stability of organic solar cells (OSCs), especially ultraviolet light (UV) stability, they are not yet up to the standard for commercial applications. Inverted devices based on the ZnO electron transport layer (ETL) are relatively thermal‐ and air‐stable, while their UV light stability is poor. Moreover, the active layer materials undergo severe degradation under UV light, which also causes the degradation of the device. Here, aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) molecules as an optical barrier layer are coated between ZnO‐ETL and active layer to fabricate efficient OSCs with excellent UV photostability. AIE molecules can avoid direct photodegradation of the active layer materials by absorbing UV light. At the same time, they can passivate the oxygen defects on the ZnO surface and prevent photocatalytic degradation of the active layer materials. Therefore, the ZnO/TPIZ‐based devices maintain 84% of the original power conversion efficiency (PCE) with continuous irradiation by 5 mW cm–2 UV light (365 nm) for 1500 h, and similarly T80 for more than 700 h under 20 mW cm–2 UV light exposure. Moreover, the ZnO/TPIZ‐based devices also preserve excellent thermal stability accompanying the upgrading of PCE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This retrospective study investigated the toricity of dual-axis corneal refractive therapy (CRT) orthokeratology lenses and corneal parameters, including flat keratometry (FK), flat eccentricity (e), steep e, corneal astigmatism, and the difference in elevation at 8 mm chord length. We analyzed the right eyes of 143 adolescent patients who underwent ocular examinations, subjective refraction, and corneal topography before CRT lens fitting by trial lens evaluation. After orthokeratology treatment, all patients underwent a topography map with an intact plus power ring and decentration of <1 mm. The mean patient age was 10.7 ± 2.2 years old; 33% were male. The lens toricity range was 25–100 µm. Multiple linear regression analysis showed significant associations between CRT lens toricity and corneal astigmatism (β = 10.913, t = 3.012, p = 0.003) and the difference in elevation at 8 mm chord length (β = 0.681, t = 4.049, p < 0.001); no association was found between CRT lens toricity and FK, flat e, or steep e (all p > 0.05). Corneal astigmatism was positively associated with difference in elevation at 8 mm chord length (r = 0.743, p < 0.001, Pearson's correlation), and corneal astigmatism and the difference in elevation at 8 mm chord length were positively associated with CRT lens toricity (r = 0.657 and r = 0.643, respectively; both p < 0.01, Spearman's correlation). These results suggest that difference in elevation at 8 mm chord length can be used to conveniently estimate CRT lens toricity in clinical practice, using the equation Y (CRT lens toricity) = 1.02X (difference in elevation at 8 mm chord length) + 20.3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on evaluating the prognostic performance of the Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) for predicting in-hospital mortality among hospitalized patients who received palliative care consultations. Topics discussed include the methodology of the study, the findings regarding the predictive accuracy of KPS, and the implications of the results for clinical practice and future research in palliative care prognostication.

Dental follicles are necessary for tooth eruption, surround the enamel organ and dental papilla, and regulate both the formation and resorption of alveolar bone. Dental follicle progenitor cells (DFPCs), which are stem cells found in dental follicles, differentiate into different kinds of cells that are necessary for tooth formation and eruption. Runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is a transcription factor that is essential for osteoblasts and osteoclasts differentiation, as well as bone remodeling. Mutation of Runx2 causing cleidocranial dysplasia negatively affects osteogenesis and the osteoclastic ability of dental follicles, resulting in tooth eruption difficulties. Among a variety of cells and molecules, Nel-like molecule type 1 (Nell-1) plays an important role in neural crest-derived tissues and is strongly expressed in dental follicles. Nell-1 was originally identified in pathologically fused and fusing sutures of patients with unilateral coronal synostosis, and it plays indispensable roles in bone remodeling, including roles in osteoblast differentiation, bone formation and regeneration, craniofacial skeleton development, and the differentiation of many kinds of stem cells. Runx2 was proven to directly target the Nell-1 gene and regulate its expression. These studies suggested that Runx2/Nell-1 axis may play an important role in the process of tooth eruption by affecting DFPCs. Studies on short and long regulatory noncoding RNAs have revealed the complexity of RNA-mediated regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. This ceRNA network participates in the regulation of Runx2 and Nell-1 gene expression in a complex way. However, non-study indicated the potential connection between Runx2 and Nell-1, and further researches are still needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are a lot of environmental protection musicals and dances in public entertainment life to support the concept of environmental protection and to entice people to support the cause of environmental protection. As we all know, in a musical performance, the distance between the audience and the actors, the design of the stage environment, the training of the actors, the costumes of the actors, the makeup of the actors, and the musical accompaniment will all have more or less influence on the stage performance effects. In order to make environmental protection music and dance dramas profoundly meaningful to social production and human activities, it is especially important to analyze the stage performance of such music and dance dramas. The analysis of stage performance effects is not only beneficial to making the ideas spread by the music and dance drama penetrate into people's hearts but can also provide guiding suggestions for the production of music and dance drama. Therefore, this paper proposes a linear regression algorithm based on artificial intelligence to deeply explore and analyze the influence of the above six factors on the stage performance effects of environmental protection music and dance drama. In our method, first we preprocess the data collected by classification to remove the odd values from the data so that the various types of data conform to a normal distribution. Secondly, we obtained linear fit plots of the six factors with the stage performance effect scores by using a linear regression algorithm to deeply analyze the correlation between various types of data and the stage performance effect scores. Finally, through numerical calculations, we found that the distance between the audience and the actors, the training of the actors, and the musical accompaniment have a greater influence on the performance effect of the musical cabaret in the environmental protection category. Meanwhile, the costumes of the actors, the makeup of the actors, and the design of the stage environment have less influence on the performance effect of the musical cabaret. Therefore, in the production and performance of environmental protection music and dance dramas, producers and performers should pay more attention to the distance between the audience and the actors, the design of musical accompaniment, and the training of actors. To sum up, this paper has made a scientific, detailed, and reasonable analysis of the performance effect of environmental protection music and dance dramas on stage, contributing to the dissemination of environmental protection ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identification and classification of enhancers are highly significant because they play crucial roles in controlling gene transcription. Recently, several deep learning-based methods for identifying enhancers and their strengths have been developed. However, existing methods are usually limited because they use only local or only global features. The combination of local and global features is critical to further improve the prediction performance. In this work, we propose a novel deep learning-based method, called iEnhancer-DLRA, to identify enhancers and their strengths. iEnhancer-DLRA extracts local and multi-scale global features of sequences by using a residual convolutional network and two bidirectional long short-term memory networks. Then, a self-attention fusion strategy is proposed to deeply integrate these local and global features. The experimental results on the independent test dataset indicate that iEnhancer-DLRA performs better than nine existing state-of-the-art methods in both identification and classification of enhancers in almost all metrics. iEnhancer-DLRA achieves 13.8% (for identifying enhancers) and 12.6% (for classifying strengths) improvement in accuracy compared with the best existing state-of-the-art method. This is the first time that the accuracy of an enhancer identifier exceeds 0.9 and the accuracy of the enhancer classifier exceeds 0.8 on the independent test set. Moreover, iEnhancer-DLRA achieves superior predictive performance on the rice dataset compared with the state-of-the-art method RiceENN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is a serious threat to humankind. As broad public participation is required in climate change mitigation efforts, it is critical to understand how the public talk about climate change on social media. This study sets out to increase the understanding of Chinese public awareness of climate change, as well as explore the potential and limitations of social media for public engagement on climate change issues. It examines the Chinese public's discussion about climate change on social media Weibo during the last six years through data mining and text analysis. The analyses include volume analysis, keyword extraction, topic modeling, and sentiment analysis. The results indicate three main aspects of public awareness and concern regarding climate change. First, public awareness of climate change is growing in China. Second, the sentiment analysis shows that the general sentiment toward climate change is becoming more positive over time. Third, based on keyword extraction and topic modeling, the discussion on climate change shows a top-down perspective, an optimistic economic perspective, and a preference for celebrity content. The study provides a comprehensive picture of Chinese social media users' views on climate change issues, based on large-scale research data. It contributes to a better understanding of what Chinese people think about climate change on social media generally. These findings may provide government and environmental organizations with valuable insights for better climate change campaigns on social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraction of nickel by LIX® 63 hydroxyoxime ('hydroxyoxime') under acidic (10–100 g/L hydrochloric acid) chloride conditions was investigated with the intent of determining the stoichiometry of the resulting complex in solution. Maximum loading and continuous variation tests indicate that nickel is extracted as a cationic salt with chloride counter-ions, the resulting complex exhibiting octahedral coordination with 1:3:2 nickel:hydroxyoxime:chloride stoichiometry. This species is also observed to readily form under mildly acidic (pH 1–4) chloride conditions, with the extent of formation being independent of pH. Nickel extraction kinetics were moderately fast, equilibrium being reached in 10 minutes. The behaviour of this system helps to provide clarity in relation to complex stoichiometry and the role of different ligands in synergistic systems utilising LIX 63 and an organic acid such as Versatic 10, opening up the possibility of nickel extraction from acidic chloride media using LIX 63. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current methods for separation of nickel from cobalt sulphate solutions have drawbacks of long flowsheets, release of large volumes of wastewater and incomplete separation of two metals. A synergistic solvent extraction (SSX) system consisting of dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid (DNNSA) and decyl 4-picolinate (4PC) is proposed in this work to extract nickel from cobalt sulphate solutions selectively. The extraction of nickel reached 99.7% after five-stage counter current extraction with an A/O volume ratio of 1/6 at 30 °C, resulting in a large increase of Co/Ni mass ratio to 25,700 in raffinate from 56 in feed. The loaded organic phase can be easily stripped using a dilute H 2 SO 4 solution. Application of this process in industry is expected to make an important impact on the production of high-purity cobalt sulphate solutions and to deliver economic benefits. • The SSX system consisting of DNNSA and 4PC was used to separate trace nickel from cobalt. • Re99.99 purity of CoSO 4 solution was obtained. • The process is short, economical and environmentally friendly without producing wastewater. • A potential success for industrialisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infertility is a condition characterized by a low fertility rate, which significantly affects the physical and mental health of women of reproductive age. Typically, the treatment duration is prolonged, and the therapeutic outcomes are often unsatisfactory. Professor Cheng-yao He, a renowned expert in traditional Chinese medicine, commonly uses the herb Cnidii Fructus (SCZ) for the treatment of infertility. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear, and there is limited research available on this topic. The active ingredients of SCZ were obtained from the traditional chinese medicine system pharmacology (TCMSP) database and screened for pharmacokinetics (PK), involving absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Target prediction was performed by SwissTargetPrediction database, and infertility-related disease targets were searched in GeneCards, TTD, DrugBank, and OMIM database. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database (Version 11.5) and analyzed by Cytoscape software (Version 3.9.1). Additionally, the target genes were subjected to biological enrichment analysis in the Metascape database, including gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and the “Disease-Ingredient-pathway-target” network was constructed using Cytoscape software. With the assistance of AutoDockVina, Ligplot, and PyMOL software, a validation of Molecular docking results and a visualization of the results were performed. This study identified 11 retained active ingredients of SCZ, 447 drug targets, 233 of which were related to infertility, and 5393 disease targets. GO enrichment analysis mainly involved 221 biological processes such as cellular response to chemical stress and gland development. KEGG enrichment analysis mainly involved 68 pathways such as thyroid hormone signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway, FOXO signaling pathway, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed that the core active ingredients of SCZ, including Ammidin, Diosmetin, Xanthoxylin N, and Prangenidin, had strong binding abilities with core targets such as MDM2, MTOR, CCND1, EGFR, and AKT1. This study preliminarily demonstrated that SCZ may act on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, exerting its therapeutic effects on infertility by improving energy metabolism disorders and endometrial receptivity, inducing primordial follicle activation, regulating oocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and promoting the release of dominant follicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explain the overall equilibrium-temperature-dependent trend in the exoplanet mass–radius diagram, using the escape mechanisms of hydrogen and relevant volatiles, and the chemical equilibrium calculation of molecular hydrogen (H 2) break-up into atomic hydrogen (H). We identify two Cosmic Hydrogen and Ice Loss Lines (CHILLs) in the mass–radius diagram. Gas disks are well known to disperse in ten million years. However, gas-rich planets may lose some or almost all gas on a much longer timescale. We thus hypothesize that most planets that are born out of a hydrogen-gas-dominated nebular disk begin by possessing a primordial H 2 -envelope. This envelope is gradually lost due to escape processes caused by host-stellar radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we provide a two-step method to synthetize a cost-effective Pt 1.5 La 1.5 Ni 12 /NPC (NPC = nanoporous carbon) multimetallic electrocatalyst with a novel nanostructure of ultralow Pt decorated LaNi alloy nanoparticles for the hydrogen evolution reaction-HER in 1.0 M aqueous potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution. The catalytic performance of Pt 1.5 La 1.5 Ni 12 /NPC for the HER outperforms than Pt 2 La 1 Ni 12 /NPC, Pt 1 La 2 Ni 12 /NPC, Pt 1.5 La 13.5 /NPC, Pt 1.5 Ni 13.5 /NPC, La 3 Ni 12 /NPC and commercial Pt/C, and Pt 1.5 La 1.5 Ni 12 /NPC requires ultralow overpotential of 20 mV@10 mA cm−2, 132 mV@100 mA cm−2. It is due to the synergy (electron) effect among Pt-, La- and Ni-related species (electron from Pt to La and Ni), thus changing the electronic structure of the Pt-, Ni- and La-related species. The incorporation of La and Ni could facilitate the formation of OH ads and H ads by water dissociation and weaken the bonding strength of Pt-H ads. The Pt 1.5 La 1.5 Ni 12 /NPC catalyst also shows outstanding stability during the HER process. [Display omitted] • The Pt x La 3-x Ni 12 /NPC catalysts with different Pt/La atomic ratios are obtained. • Pt 1.5 La 1.5 Ni 12 /NPC exhibits higher electrocatalytic activity than Pt 1 La 2 Ni 12 /NPC and Pt 2 La 1 Ni 12 /NPC for the HER. • The doping of La effectively promotes the uniform dispersion of Pt. • The electron synergy effect among Pt, La and Ni improves catalytic performance of Pt 1.5 La 1.5 Ni 12 /NPC for the HER. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to (i) identify the level of posttraumatic growth among nurses suffering from workplace violence, (ii) clarify the relationship between nurses' posttraumatic growth and compassion satisfaction, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and (iii) determine the influencing factors for posttraumatic growth among nurses suffering from workplace violence. A cross‐sectional study was conducted to investigate 726 nurses suffering from workplace violence in 10 tertiary hospitals by using demographic, work‐related information, lifestyle questionnaire, simplified Chinese version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, and professional quality of life scale. In the findings, (i) the participants' posttraumatic growth scores were 57.29 ± 21.56, while the compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress scores were 32.82 ± 6.80, 27.17 ± 5.53, and 26.67 ± 5.29, respectively, (ii) posttraumatic growth was positively correlated with compassion satisfaction and secondary traumatic stress, and negatively correlated with burnout, and (iii) compassion satisfaction, sleep hours per day, department, scheduling, alcohol, secondary traumatic stress, children, and work hours per day were influencing factors of posttraumatic growth, which explained 36.3% of the total variance. Our study indicates that Chinese nurses may experience moderate levels of compassionate satisfaction, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and low levels of posttraumatic growth after suffering from workplace violence, while the posttraumatic growth of nurses suffering from workplace violence is more affected by work‐related variables and lifestyle‐related variables, but less affected by other sociodemographic variables. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the psychological evaluation of nurses and adopt targeted strategies to promote nurses' posttraumatic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a special kind of Bragg grating, phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (PS-FBG) has attracted extensive attention because of its extremely narrow transmission window and excellent sensing performance. The main purpose of this manuscript is to discuss the PS-FBG with special sensing characteristics and explore the influence of different inscription technologies on the sensing characteristics of PS-FBG by comparing the existing inscription methods. The sensing characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of PS-FBG with different structures are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]