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Objectives: Age-bilirubin-international normalized ratio -creatinine (ABIC) score was originally proposed as a tool to assess alcoholic hepatitis survival and to identify patients who respond to corticosteroid treatment. Since the components of this score are associated with prognosis in patients with heart failure, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between ABIC score and long-term prognosis of elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic heart failure. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic heart failure who were hospitalized for the first time in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from February 2017 to December 2017. The main clinical outcome was all-cause mortality within three years. Cox regression and Lasso regression were used to screen variables and build a prognostic model. Combined with the ABIC score, the final model was adjusted, and the predictive ability of the model was evaluated. The screened variables with ABIC score were incorporated into the multivariate Cox regression analysis and a nomogram prediction model was built. The receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve were used to evaluate the predictive ability and accuracy of the model, respectively. Results: A total of 365 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic heart failure were included (median age 78 years, 50.7% female). During the 3-year follow-up period, 87 patients experienced all-cause death, including 53 cardiac deaths. A total of 4 variables (NT-proBNP, BUN, RDW-CV and prealbumin) were screened by univariate Cox regression analysis and Lasso regression analysis. The multivariate COX regression results showed that the risk of death increased by 33% with the increase of ABIC score by 1 point (after correcting NT-proBNP, BUN, RDW-CV and prealbumin). The results of ROC curve analysis show that the area under the curve (AUC) of the ABIC score is 0.685, while the AUC of the Nomograph including the ABIC score is 0.840. Conclusions: The ABIC score is associated with long-term adverse outcomes in elderly hospitalized patients with chronic heart failure exacerbations. But its predictive ability for adverse events needs further exploration.

Neonatal pericardial effusion (PCE) is one of the most severe complications of central catheters in neonates with its rapid progression and high mortality. We aim to estimate the overall incidence and mortality of catheter-related neonatal PCE, more importantly, to identify possible predictors for clinical reference.We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, china national knowledge infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and Sinomed databases for subject words "central catheter," "neonate," "pericardial effusion" and their random words till June 8, 2020. This meta-analysis is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Possible predictors of occurrences and deaths were extracted and assessed cooperatively. The pooled incidence rate of catheter-related neonatal PCE was calculated using a random effects model.Twenty-one cohort studies and 99 cases were eligible. Pooled incidence is 3·8‰[2.2‰, 6.7‰]. Polyurethane catheters generate significantly more neonatal PCE than silicone counterparts (P .01). 27% of the patients die. The mortality of patients with bradycardia is higher than others (P .05). Catheters with a guidewire result in more deaths than umbilical venous catheter (UVC) and peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) (P .05). Without pericardiocentesis, mortality increases (P .01). The difference of deaths between reposition and removing the catheter is insignificant (P .05).Central catheters in Seldinger Technique (with a guidewire) put neonates at greater risk of PCE and consequent death. Silicone catheters excel at avoiding deadly catheter-related PCE, which could be a better choice in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). When catheter-related PCE occurs, timely diagnosis and pericardiocentesis save lives.

A 128-channel positron detection system will be constructed at Experimental Muon Source (EMuS) of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) to conduct muon spin rotation/relaxation/resonance ( $\mu $ SR) measurements. Each detector channel consists of a scintillator, a light guide, and a photomultiplier tube (PMT). The long light guide is bent to an “L” shape to propagate optical photons from the scintillator to the PMT. A series of Geant4 simulations and experiments has been performed to optimize the light collection performance of the L-bent detector. Geometry deformation induced by the bending process has been well modeled. Simulation results agree with the experimental tests. Accordingly, a novel hybrid wrapping method (scintillator with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and light guide with aluminum tape) has been developed to improve the amplitude of detector signals greatly. Compared to wrapping the detector with merely PTFE tapes or aluminum tapes, this method leads to an enhancement in light collection efficiency of 73% or 14%, respectively. Two optimally manufactured prototype detectors using the novel wrapping method have been tested at the ISIS Muon Facility. The beam tests demonstrated that the L-bent detectors can precisely measure the behavior of muon spins inside samples. Therefore, the L-bent detector design is competent for $\mu $ SR applications at CSNS/EMuS.

Problems of stability were found for biomarkers of alcohol consumption: ethyl glucuronide (EtG), ethyl sulfate (EtS), phosphatidylethanols (PEths), and fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) in whole blood. The purpose of this study was to establish a method for the determination of these four kinds of ethanol's non-oxidative metabolites in dried blood spots (DBS) by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and to evaluate their stability. In this method, 50 μL of human blood was spotted onto a filter paper for DBS analysis. Samples were extracted by methanol, reconstituted by 2-propanol, and injected into the LC-MS/MS system. Limits of detection were among 0.5–50 ng/mL, and deviations in accuracy and precision were all lower than 15% at three quality control levels. The stability of the four kinds of ethanol non-oxidative metabolites in DBS was investigated during a 90-day range under three temperatures, −20 °C, 4 °C, and 25 °C. EtG and EtS showed a high level of stability in DBS in the 90-day range, regardless of the temperature. FAEEs were unstable after three days. PEths showed stability within 15 days in postmortem DBS and 60 days in antemortem DBS, respectively, at all temperatures.

N-ethylpentylone (NEP), a new synthetic cathinone, has been rising to be one of the most popular cathinone derivatives in recent years. However, research on NEP is rather limited. In this study, locomotor stimulation and sensitization, as well as anxiety-like behavior induced by NEP were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats, using the open field and elevated plus maze respectively. Rats were administered NEP (5, 20 or 50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), with saline as the negative control and methamphetamine (5 mg/kg) as a positive control. Acute administration of NEP at all the doses tested significantly promoted locomotor activity, presenting an inverted U-shaped dose-effect curve. The highest activity was observed at the 20 mg/kg dose group, with the average distance traveled 18 times higher than the saline group. Repeated administration of NEP enhanced locomotor activity only at the 5 mg/kg dose group. After a week's withdrawal, re-challenge of NEP failed to induce marked behavioral sensitization. In elevated plus maze experiments, both acute and repeated administration of 20 mg/kg NEP induced anxiolytic-like effects, while no significant alteration was observed in the 5 and 50 mg/kg dose groups. In summary, acute administration of NEP caused significantly enhanced locomotor activity in rats at all the tested doses, while repeated NEP administration enhanced locomotor activity only at a low dose (5 mg/kg), while a high dose (20 mg/kg) of NEP induced anxiolytic-like effects after both acute and repeated administration.

Background: Dopamine transporter (DAT) and serotonin transporter (SERT) are targets for many psychoactive substances. Functional assays including uptake inhibition and release assays often involve radiolabeled compounds like [3H]-dopamine and [3H]-serotonin to assess drug activity at transporters, which have high requirements on handling radioactive samples. Aims: The aim of this study was to establish a label-free method to assess drug activity at DAT and SERT. Methods: A liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was established using transporter-transfected human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells. This method was evaluated by testing the effects of amphetamine and cocaine in the assay procedure. Results: The limits of detection of this method were 0.2 nM for both dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT), with good linearities in the range of 0.5–160 nM. Amphetamine and cocaine’s IC50 and EC50 on DAT and SERT determined by this method were consistent with previous reports. Conclusions: A rapid, reliable and label-free LC-MS/MS method for assessing drug activity was established, which affords an attractive alternative for those laboratories that do not have a radiation license or capabilities.

Introduction. In recent years, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to platelet ratio (GPR) has been proposed as a new inflammatory marker. We aimed to evaluate the association between GPR and outcomes after cardiac arrest (CA). Methods. A total of 354 consecutive patients with CA were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into three groups according to tertiles of GPR (low, n = 119 ; middle, n = 117 ; and high, n = 118 ). To determine the relationship between GPR and prognosis, a logistic regression analysis was performed. The ability of GPR to predict the outcomes was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Two prediction models were established, and the likelihood ratio test (LRT) and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) were utilized for model comparison. Results. Among the 354 patients (age 62 [52, 74], 254/354 male) who were finally included in the analysis, those in the high GPR group had poor outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that GPR was independently associated with the three outcomes, for ICU mortality ( odds ratios OR = 1.738 , 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.221-2.474, P = 0.002 ), hospital mortality ( OR = 1.676 1.164 − 2.413 , P = 0.005 ), and unfavorable neurologic outcomes ( OR = 1.623 1.121 − 2.351 , P = 0.010 ). The area under the ROC curve was 0.611 (95% Cl: 0.558-0.662) for ICU mortality, 0.600 (95% CI: 0.547-0.651) for hospital mortality, and 0.602 (95% CI: 0.549-0.653) for unfavorable neurologic outcomes. Further, the LRT analysis showed that compared with the model without GPR, the GPR-combined model had a higher likelihood ratio χ 2 score and smaller AIC. Conclusion. GPR, as an inflammatory indicator, was independently associated with outcomes after CA. GPR is helpful in estimating the clinical outcomes of patients with CA.

Background and Aims: Studies have shown that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DDP-4) inhibitors have anti-atherosclerotic effects. However, in the PROLOGUE study, sitagliptin failed to slow the progression of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) relative to conventional therapy. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the PROLOGUE study and compared the effects of sitagliptin and conventional therapy on changes in CIMT in subgroups with or without hyperuricemia. Methods: The PROLOGUE study was a randomized controlled trial of 442 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients were randomized to receive sitagliptin added therapy or conventional therapy. Based on the serum uric acid levels of all study populations in the PROLOGUE study, we divided them into hyperuricemia subgroup ( n = 104) and non-hyperuricemia subgroup ( n = 331). The primary outcome was changed in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) parameters compared with baseline during the 24 months treatment period. Results: In the hyperuricemia subgroup, compared with the conventional therapy group, the changes in the mean internal carotid artery (ICA)-IMT and max ICA-IMT at 24 months were significantly lower in the sitagliptin group [−0.233 mm, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−0.419 to 0.046), p = 0.015 and −0.325 mm, 95% CI (−0.583 to −0.068), p = 0.014], although there was no significant difference in the common carotid artery CIMT. Conclusion: The results of our analysis indicated that sitagliptin attenuated the progression of CIMT than conventional therapy in T2DM and hyperuricemia patients.

Aim: To investigate whether fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR) has an association with the coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Materials & methods: A total of 391 patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent coronary angiography were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to the Rentrop score. Results: The poorly developed CCC group had a significantly higher FAR level compared with the well-developed CCC group (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the FAR (odds ratio: 1.700; 95% CI: 1.420–2.036; p < 0.001) was an independent predictor of poorly developed CCC. Conclusion: FAR can be used as one of the independent predictors of CCC formation.

Epithelial regeneration is essential for homeostasis and mucosal barrier repair. In this study, we aimed to define the effect of IL-10 on mucosal healing. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) cultures and mice were treated with recombinant mice IL-10 (rmIL-10). The level of cell proliferation, differentiation, death and related signaling pathways for self-renewal of ISCs were measured in vitro and in vivo. It was uncovered that rmIL-10 increased the size and death, but reduced the total number of organoids. In addition, rmIL-10 depleted Lgr5

This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to explore the effects of HMB on body composition in older adults. Available evidence suggests that HMB supplementation in older adults can promote increased muscle mass but may not be effective in reducing fat mass. The results of subgroup analysis indicated that exercise might limit the effect of HMB supplementation in older people, but this did not indicate that exercise did not help the muscle mass and function of older people. This study not only illustrates that HMB supplementation is an effective way to improve sarcopenia in older people but also highlights the urgent need to develop rational exercise programs to meet the needs of older people. Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), a metabolite of leucine, is currently widely used in athletes to increase muscle mass and strength and has also been used as a nutritional supplement in recent years to maintain muscle mass in muscular atrophic diseases of older people. However, the effects of HMB supplementation on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function in older people remain controversial. The purpose of this review was to explore the effects of HMB on body composition in older adults. The PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched to obtain the randomized controlled trials needed as a basis for systematic review and meta-analysis. A total of 9 studies (448 participants) were eventually found eligible. The pooled results showed that HMB supplementation significantly increased fat-free mass in older people compared with the control group (effect size: 0.37; 95% Cl 0.16, 0.58; Z value = 3.47, P = 0.001; Fixed-effect model). But it had no effect on fat mass (effect size: − 0.04 95% CI − 0.26, 0.18; Z value = 0.36, P = 0.716, fixed-effect model). Subgroup analysis of HMB supplementation alone showed a significant improvement in fat-free mass in older people (effect size: 0.59; 95% CI 0.32, 0.87; Z = 4.24, P

An Experimental Muon Source (EMuS) has been proposed to conduct muon spin rotation/relaxation/resonance (μSR) measurements at China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). To make better use of muons in each pulse, a highly segmented μSR spectrometer with more than 2000 detector channels is under design. Due to such high granularity of detectors, multiple counting events generated from particle scattering or spiral motion of positrons in a strong longitudinal field should be carefully considered in the design. According to the simulation, long scintillators have a good capability of angular discrimination. Detectors with cuboid geometries are better than those with frustum shapes. The cuboid detector with a length of 50 mm is longer enough to get the optimal range of discrimination angle. In a real μSR spectrometer, detectors can be placed parallelly along the beam direction or pointing to the sample. A figure of merit (FoM) has been proposed to compare such two arrangements by integrating their impacts on multiple counts and total counting loss in zero and longitudinal fields. The outstanding performance of multiple counting rejection due to the angular discrimination capability makes the pointing arrangement achieve much higher FoM. The simulation results can provide good support for the design of the highly segmented μSR spectrometer.

The lack of systematic studies on the stability of ethanol's non-oxidative metabolites in postmortem specimens restricts their use in forensic cases. This study aimed to compare the stability of ethyl glucuronide (EtG), ethyl sulfate (EtS), phosphatidylethanols (PEths) and fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) in postmortem human blood. Three groups were established based on the level and source of ethanol: the blank group, the ethanol-spiked group and the ethanol-positive group. Each group contained six blood samples from different corpses. The samples in each group were placed at 37, 25, 4 and -20°C. Every 24 h for 7 days, 50 μL was collected from each sample. The levels of EtG, EtS, PEths and FAEEs were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and their stability was evaluated. EtG was not detected in the blank group, but it was found in samples in the ethanol-spiked group placed at 37°C, and it was degraded in the ethanol-positive group at 37 and 25°C. EtS showed no change in any of the groups. PEths were not detected in the blank group, but formation was found in the ethanol-spiked group at all temperatures. In the ethanol-positive group, PEth levels fluctuated at 37°C, decreased at 25°C and increased at -20°C. FAEEs were generated in the blank group and in the ethanol-spiked group at all temperatures. In the ethanol-positive group, FAEEs were degraded at 37 and 25°C but were generated at 4 and -20°C. EtS is a reliable biomarker of ethanol consumption, and EtG could be used as a biomarker at low temperatures (4 and -20°C), but PEths and FAEEs are not appropriate biomarkers of ethanol consumption.

The importance of ethanol non-oxidative metabolites as the specific biomarkers of alcohol consumption in clinical and forensic settings is increasingly acknowledged. Simultaneous determination of these metabolites can provide a wealth of information like drinking habit and history, but it was difficult to achieve because of their wide range of polarity. This work describes development and validation of a simple liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for 4 types of ethanol non-oxidative metabolites (ethyl glucuronide, ethyl sulfate, fatty acid ethyl esters and phosphatidylethanols) in 50 μL of human whole blood. Pretreatment method, column and MS conditions were optimized. For the first time, the four types of ethanol non-oxidative metabolites with enormous discrepancies of property were simultaneously extracted and analyzed in one run within 40 min. The limits of detections (LODs) were among 0.1–10 ng/mL, and good linearity was obtained. Deviations in precision and accuracy were all lower than 15% at three QC levels. This method was then applied to two forensic samples, resulting in information on drinking habits and drinking time which were very useful for the interpretation of the blood alcohol results.

A three-terminal refrigerator based on resonant-tunneling quantum wells is proposed. With the help of the Landauer formula, the expressions for the cooling rate and the coefficient of performance (COP) are derived. The working regions of the refrigerator are determined and the three-dimensional projection graphs of the cooling rate and the COP varying with the positions of the two energy levels are plotted. Moreover, the influence of the bias voltage, the asymmetric factor, and the temperature difference on the optimal performance parameters is analyzed in detail. Finally, the performance characteristics of the refrigerator in the case of negative temperature difference are discussed.

N-Ethylpentylone (NEP) is a popular synthetic cathinone abused worldwide. To obtain more information about its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, a rapid, simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the determination of NEP, two important neurotransmitters, dopamine and serotonin, and their metabolites, including 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3-methoxytyramine and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, in rat brain microdialysate. The analytes were separated on a Phnomenex Polar C18 column, with a mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in water (A) and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile (B) under gradient elution to shorten the total chromatographic run time. A triple quadruple mass spectrometer coupled with an electrospray ionization source in both positive and negative ion mode was used to detect the analytes. This method showed excellent accuracy (87.4-113.5%) and precision (relative standard deviation

A rapid, simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of nine barbiturates (barbital, phenobarbital, pentobarbital, amobarbital, secobarbital, thiopental, butalbital, butabarbital, and hexobarbital) in human whole blood. Barbiturates were extracted from 100 μL of human whole blood samples using a simple liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) procedure, and detected by LC-MS/MS. An UPLC C18 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 µm) column was used at 40 °C for the separation and acetonitrile/water system was used as the mobile phase with gradient elution. This method showed excellent accuracy (86–111%) and precision (relative standard deviation 0.99 over the range. This method achieved the separation and detection of pentobarbital and amobarbital at the same time in a convenient way. Moreover, it was both simple and sensitive for the determination of nine most commonly used barbiturate drugs, which was meaningful in the field of clinical and forensic toxicology. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Phosphor-in-glass (PiG) color converter, being regarded as a good encapsulant material for long-lifetime high-powered white light-emitting-diode (LED), has developed rapidly in the recent years. However, it still remains a challenge to achieve fine chromaticity tuning of PiG for high-quality indoor lighting. Herein, a transparent garnet-based PiG was successfully prepared by introducing the Y3Mg2AlSi2O12:Ce3+ orange phosphor and the Y3Al4.6Ga0.4O12:Ce3+ green phosphor into TeO2-based glass matrix. The microstructure and luminescent properties of the PiG were investigated in detail. After optimizing the weight ratio of green phosphor to orange phosphor as well as the PiG thickness, facile chromaticity tuning to follow along Planckian locus in the thus-fabricated LED is achieved; correspondingly the correlated color temperature is adjusted from cool white to warm white. Hopefully, the developed garnet-based PiG is applicable in the long-lifetime color-tunable w-LEDs.

Owing to its low cost and admirable luminescent characteristics for use in warm white-light-emitting diode (w-LED) applications, the non-rare-earth Mn4+-activated red phosphor has emerged as a potent competitor of commercial Eu2+-doped nitrides in recent years. In this work, the novel red-emitting phosphor BaMgAl10–2xO17:xMn4+,xMg2+ is successfully synthesized, which exhibits bright and narrow-band luminescence peaking at 660 nm with a full width at half-maximum of merely ∼30 nm upon blue light excitation. The unique structural feature of BMA, i.e., alternating arrangements of Mn4+-doped MgAl10O16/undoped BaO layers in the z direction and Mn4+-doped [AlO6]/undoped [AlO4] groups in the x–y plane, favors efficient Mn4+ luminescence by reducing nonradiative energy loss channels. Unlike previously reported hosts, BMA accommodates Mg2+ in the lattice without destabilizing the crystal structure. Remarkably, partitioning Mg2+ in the host not only greatly enhances Mn4+ luminescence by 1.84-fold but also retards t...

In this work, inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3−xIx (x = 0–3) quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized, and their luminescence properties were studied. The optimized CsPbBrI2 QDs were chosen as red-emitting components to modify Ce3+:YAG-based white LEDs (WLEDs), which exhibit promising performance with a luminous efficacy (LE) of 58 lm W−1, a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 5907 K, and a color rendering index (CRI) of 90, at an operation current of 20 mA. More importantly, optical performance of the CsPbBrI2 QD-modified WLEDs do not exhibit serious degeneration when the operational current increases to as high as 350 mA, being obviously superior to most of the chalcogenide QD-assisted phosphor-converted WLEDs reported previously. These results indicate that the CsPbBr3−xIx QDs are promising red phosphors for high-power WLEDs.

Red-emitting Mn4+ activated oxide phosphors with a cheap price and excellent physical/chemical stability have become a hot research topic for their potential applications in white LEDs (w-LEDs). Herein, we report a novel double-perovskite Gd2ZnTiO6:Mn4+ (GZT:Mn4+) red phosphor. The material microstructures were characterized with the aid of XRD Rietveld refinement and HRTEM observations. The luminescence properties and dynamics of Mn4+ in GZT were studied in detail using low/room temperature steady/transient spectroscopic techniques. The crystal field strength and nephelauxetic effect influencing the Mn4+ emission energy were also analyzed. It is revealed that the special crystal structure of GZT featuring alternately slant-wise arranged [TiO6]/[ZnO6] octahedrons with the [–Mn4+–O2−–Zn2+–] bond angle deviating from 180° is beneficial to achieving efficient Mn4+: 2Eg → 4A2 transition in the deep-red region. After mixing the red-emitting GZT:Mn4+ with the commercial blue and green phosphors in various ratios, and then coupling the mixture with a 365 nm UV chip to build a w-LED, the white light was found to evolve from cool to warm with a tunable correlated color temperature (CCT) from 6977 K to 4742 K, a color rendering index (CRI) up to 82.9, and an improved R9 value to 43, which validates that GZT:Mn4+ is a promising red color converter for UV-based w-LEDs.

Persistent luminescence (PersL) has long commanded the curiosity of researchers owing to the complicated and profound physics behind it. In this work, the PersL mechanism in a new kind of persistent garnet phosphors, Lu2CaMg2(Si1−xGex)3O12:Ce3+, is studied from the new perspective of a “solid-solution” scheme. Different from the conventional study in pursuit of long PersL, we focus on manipulation of afterglow to the millisecond range and tentatively demonstrate its potential to compensate the flickering of the alternating current driven LED (AC-LED) in every AC cycle. Evidently, the tailored host bandgap favors efficient electron charging and facilitates electron detrapping, as well as redeploying trap distribution, which results in a blue light activated afterglow in the millisecond time range, and subsequently a reduced percent flicker of 64.1% for the AC-LED. This investigation is the first attempt to establish the design guidelines for new PersL materials with an adjustable millisecond ranged afterglow, and, hopefully, it paves a pathway to the development of burgeoning low-flickering AC-LED technology.

We realize a facile chromaticity tuning for the Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce 3+ phosphor-in-glass (PiG) based w-LED, with the aid of a CaAlSiN 3 :Eu 2+ red phosphor layer in a remote-type stacking configuration. It was experimentally demonstrated that both the stacking order and the relative amount of red phosphor influence the electroluminescent performance of the constructed w-LED significantly, and the optimized warm w-LED exhibits admirable performance with a luminous efficacy of 93.9 lm/W, a correlated color temperature of 3346 K, a color rendering index of 77.3, and a color shift deviating from Planckian locus in D uv of 0.0034. Significantly, the red phosphor layer stacked PiG based warm w-LED presents an excellent heat resistance, endowing the device with long life-time, which may serve as a promising robust high-power indoor lighting source.

The state-of-the-art alternating-current light-emitting diode (AC-LED) technique suffers from adverse lighting flicker during each AC cycle. Aiming to compensate the dimming time of AC-LED, herein, we report a novel Mg3Y2(Ge1-xSix)3O12:Ce(3+) inverse-garnet persistent phosphor whose afterglow is efficiently activated by blue light with persistent luminescence in millisecond range. It is experimentally demonstrated that Si doping tailors the host bandgap, so that both the electron charging and detrapping in the persistent luminescence process are optimized. To explore the origin of the millisecond afterglow, we performed a series of thermoluminescence analyses, revealing three types of continuously distributed traps in the host. Finally, an AC-LED prototype device was fabricated, which exhibits the warm white emission with a reduced percent flicker of 71.7%. These results demonstrate that the newly developed persistent phosphor might be a promising candidate applicable in low flickering AC-LED which has advantages of cheaper price, longer lifetime, and higher energy utilization efficiency.

The method of paper(Metabolomic Profiling of Femoral Muscle from Rats atwith different periods after death)

The commercially dominant phosphor-converted illumination white light-emitting-diodes (w-LEDs) generally suffer from red deficiency and the poor thermal stability of the organic encapsulants, resulting in cool white light, luminous degradation and chromatic aberration for the embedded YAG:Ce3+ phosphors after long-term working. Aiming to solve these problems, herein, a chromaticity-tunable robust phosphor-in-glass (PiG) inorganic color converter was successfully fabricated by co-sintering YAG:Ce3+,Mn2+,Si4+ phosphor particles and the innovatively-designed TeO2–B2O3–ZnO–Na2O–Al2O3 low-melting precursor glass. At first, the spectrally-modified YAG:Ce3+,Mn2+,Si4+ phosphor was prepared by doping Mn2+ as the red emitter and doping Si4+ as the charge compensator through a solid-state reaction route. Then, the YAG:Ce3+,Mn2+,Si4+ powder was incorporated into a specifically prepared precursor glass to form the PiG composite at 550 °C. Owing to the density and the refractive index matches for the phosphor particles and the glass matrix, the particle dispersion in PiG is quite homogeneous and the adverse light-scattering is depressed. The high-power warm w-LED was constructed by coupling a PiG plate with an InGaN blue chip. Remarkably, the chromaticity coordinate of such a w-LED can be well tuned to follow along the Planckian locus with the correlated color temperature evolving from cool white (5541 K) to warm white (3050 K) and a color rendering index around 70, under a driving current of 350 mA. Moreover, the PiG-based warm w-LED presents much superior thermal stability to the traditional phosphor-in-silicone (PiS)-based one. This work highlights the practical applications of the PiG luminescent material in the long-lifetime high-power warm w-LEDs.

Stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of a variety of cardiovascular diseases, but how stress induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis remains largely unclear. The present study aims to investigate the effects of Axin1 up-regulated 1 (Axud1), a novel pro-apoptotic protein, on the cardiomyocyte survival and the underlying mechanisms. To this end, a rat model under restraint stress (RS) was established and in vitro stress-induced cardiomyocytes culture was achieved. Our data showed that Axud1 was upregulated in the rat myocardia after exposure to RS. Anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 was decreased, whereas pro-apoptotic Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 (Cc3) were increased in a time-dependent manner. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling was observed to be interestingly activated in heart undergoing RS. In addition, the treatment of norepinephrine (NE) to in vitro cardiomyocytes increased Axud1 level and induced cell apoptosis. Wnt/β-catenin signaling was consistently activated. Knockdown of Axud1 using specific siRNA blunted NE-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis and also inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. XAV-939, an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, partially reversed the pro-apoptotic effect of NE. In conclusion, Axud1 accelerated stress-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis through activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our data provided novel evidence that therapeutic strategies against Axud1 or Wnt/β-catenin signaling might be promising in relation to RS-induced myocardial injury.