15 results on '"Zamrazilova H."'
Search Results
2. BIRTH WEIGHT AND RISK OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE CZECH ADOLESCENTS.: 943 accepted poster
- Author
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Kalousková, P., Zamrazilova, H., Dusatkova, L., Sedlackova, B., Hlavaty, P., Kunesova, M., and Hainer, V.
- Published
- 2012
3. PREVALENCE OF ABDOMINAL OBESITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME IN CZECH ADOLESCENTS: THE COPAT (CHILDHOOD OBESITY PREVALENCE AND TREATMENT) PROJECT: 924 accepted poster
- Author
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Hainer, V., Dusatkova, L., Sedlackova, B., Hainerova, Aldhoon I., Hlavaty, P., Kunesova, M., and Zamrazilova, H.
- Published
- 2012
4. NUTRITION AND EATING HABITS OF CZECH ADOLESCENTS: 913 accepted poster
- Author
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Hlavaty, P., Zamrazilova, H., Hlavata, K., Dusatkova, L., Sedlackova, B., Kunesova, M., and Hainer, V.
- Published
- 2012
5. GENE VARIANTS IN/NEAR TMEM18, SH2B1 AND KCTD15 ARE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME IN CZECH ADOLESCENT POPULATION.: 646 accepted poster
- Author
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Dusatkova, L., Zamrazilova, H., Sedlackova, B., Vcelak, J., Hlavaty, P., Kunesova, M., Bendlova, B., and Hainer, V.
- Published
- 2012
6. Early postnatal nutrition in preterm infants and their anthropometric and hormonal indexes in later life
- Author
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Zamrazilova, H, Cerna, M, Kunesova, M, Parizkova, J, Stepan, J, Mikulova, R, and Hainer, V
- Published
- 2003
7. Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128.9 million children, adolescents, and adults
- Author
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Ezzati, M, Bentham, J, Di Cesare, M, Bilano, V, Bixby, H, Zhou, B, Stevens, GA, Riley, LM, Taddei, C, Hajifathalian, K, Lu, Y, Savin, S, Cowan, MJ, Paciore, CJ, Chiritaemandi, A, Hayes, AJ, Katz, J, Kelishadi, R, Kengne, AP, Khang, Y-H, Laxmaiah, A, Li, Y, Ma, J, Miranda, JJ, Mostafa, A, Neovius, M, Padez, C, Rampal, L, Zhu, A, Bennet, JE, Danaei, G, Bhutta, ZA, Abarca-Gomez, L, Abdeen, ZA, Hamid, ZA, Abu-Rmeileh, NM, Acosta-Cazares, B, Acuin, C, Adams, RJ, Aekplakorn, W, Afsana, K, Aguilar-Salinas, CA, Agyemng, C, Ahmadvand, A, Ahrens, W, Ajlouni, K, Akhtaeva, N, Al-Hazzaa, HM, Al-Othman, AR, Al-Raddadi, R, AlBuhairan, F, AlDhukai, S, Ali, MM, Ali, O, Alkerwi, A, Alvarez-Pedrerol, M, Aly, E, Amarapurkar, DN, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Andersen, LB, Anderssen, SA, Andrade, DS, Angquist, LH, Anjana, RM, Aounallah-Skhiri, H, Araujo, J, Arianse, I, Aris, T, Arlappa, N, Arveiler, D, Aryal, KK, Aspelund, T, Assah, FK, Assuncao, MCF, Aung, MS, Avdicova, M, Azevedo, A, Azizi, F, Babu, BV, Bahijri, S, Baker, JL, Balakrishna, N, Bamoshmoosh, M, Banach, M, Bandosz, P, Banegas, JR, Barbagallo, CM, Barcelo, A, Barkat, A, Barros, AJD, Barros, MVG, Bata, I, Batieha, AM, Batista, RL, Batyrbek, A, Baur, LA, Beaglehole, R, Ben Romdhane, H, Benedics, J, Benet, M, Bernabe, A, Bernotiene, G, Bettiol, H, Bhagyalaxmi, A, Bharadwaj, S, Bhargava, SK, Bhatti, Z, Bi, H, Bi, Y, Biehl, A, Bikbov, M, Bista, B, Bjelica, DJ, Bjerregaard, P, Bjertnes, E, Bjness, MB, Bjorkelund, C, Blokstra, A, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Boddy, LM, Boehm, BO, Boeing, H, Boggia, JG, Boissonnet, CP, Bonaccio, M, Bongard, V, Bovet, P, Braeckevelt, L, Braeckman, L, Bragt, MCE, Brajkovich, I, Branca, F, Breckenkamp, J, Breda, J, Brenner, H, Brewster, LM, Brian, GR, Brinduse, L, Bruno, G, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Bugge, A, Buoncristiano, M, Burazeri, G, Burns, C, Cabrera de Leon, A, Cacciottolo, J, Cai, H, Cama, T, Cameron, C, Camola, J, Can, G, Candido, APCC, Capanzana, M, Capuano, V, Cardoso, VC, Carlsson, AC, Carvalho, MJ, Casanueva, FF, Casas, JP, Caserta, CA, Chamukuttan, S, Chan, AW, Chan, Q, Chaturvedi, HK, Chaturvedi, N, Chen, C-J, Chen, F, Chen, H, Chen, S, Chen, Z, Cheng, C-Y, Chetrit, A, Chikova-Iscener, E, Chiolero, A, Chiou, S-T, Chirita-Emandi, A, Chirlaque, M-D, Cho, B, Cho, Y, Christensen, K, Christofaro, DG, Chudek, J, Cifkova, R, Cinteza, E, Claessens, F, Clays, E, Concin, H, Confortin, SC, Cooper, C, Cooper, R, Coppinger, TC, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell, C, Craig, CL, Crujeiras, AB, Cucu, A, D'Arrigo, G, d'Orsi, E, Dallongeville, J, Damasceno, A, Damsgaard, CT, Danae, G, Dankner, R, Dantoft, TM, Dastgiri, S, Dauchet, L, Davletov, K, De Backer, G, De Bacquer, D, De Curtis, A, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, de Oliveira, PD, De Ridder, K, De Smedt, D, Deepa, M, Deev, AD, Dehghan, A, Delisle, H, Delpeuch, F, Deschamps, V, Dhana, K, Di Castelnuovo, AF, Dias-da-Costa, JS, Diaz, A, Dika, Z, Djalalinia, S, Do, HTP, Dobson, AJ, Donati, MB, Donfrancesco, C, Donoso, SP, Doering, A, Dorobantu, M, Dorosty, AR, Doua, K, Drygas, W, Duan, JL, Duante, C, Duleva, V, Dulskiene, V, Dzerve, V, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E, Egbagbe, EE, Eggertsen, R, Eiben, G, Ekelund, U, El Ati, J, Elliott, P, Engle-Stone, R, Erasmus, RT, Erem, C, Eriksen, L, Eriksson, JG, Escobedo, J, Evans, A, Faeh, D, Fall, CH, Sant'Angelo, VF, Farzadfar, F, Felix-Redondo, FJ, Ferguson, TS, Fernandes, RA, Fernandez-Berges, D, Ferrante, D, Ferrari, M, Ferreccio, C, Ferrieres, J, Finn, JD, Fischer, K, Monterubio Flores, E, Foeger, B, Foo, LH, Forslund, A-S, Forsner, M, Fouad, HM, Francis, DK, Franco, MDC, Franco, OH, Frontera, G, Fuchs, FD, Fuch, SC, Fujita, Y, Furusawa, T, Gaciong, Z, Gafencu, M, Galeone, D, Galvano, F, Garcia-de-la-Hera, M, Gareta, D, Garnett, SP, Gaspoz, J-M, Gasull, M, Gates, L, Geiger, H, Geleijnse, JM, Ghasemian, A, Giampaoli, S, Gianfagna, F, Gill, TK, Giovannelli, J, Giwerman, A, Godos, J, Gogen, S, Goldsmith, RA, Goltzman, D, Goncalves, H, Gonzalez-Leon, M, Gonzalez-Rivas, JP, Gonzalez-Gross, M, Gottrand, F, Graca, AP, Graff-Iversen, S, Grafnetter, D, Grajda, A, Grammatikopoulou, MG, Gregor, RD, Grodzicki, T, Grontved, A, Grosso, G, Gruden, G, Grujic, V, Gu, D, Gualdi-Russo, E, Guallar-Castillon, P, Guan, OP, Gudmundsson, EF, Gudnason, V, Guerrero, R, Guessous, I, Guimaraes, AL, Gulliford, MC, Gunnlaugsdottir, J, Gunter, M, Guo, X, Guo, Y, Gupta, PC, Gupta, R, Gureje, O, Gurzkowska, B, Gutierrez, L, Gutzwiller, F, Hadaegh, F, Hadjigeorgiou, CA, Si-Ramlee, K, Halkjaer, J, Hambleton, IR, Hardy, R, Kumar, RH, Hassapidou, M, Hata, J, He, J, Heidinger-Felso, R, Heinen, M, Hendriks, ME, Henriques, A, Cadena, LH, Herrala, S, Herrera, VM, Herter-Aeberli, I, Heshmat, R, Hihtaniemi, IT, Ho, SY, Ho, SC, Hobbs, M, Hofman, A, Hopman, WM, Horimoto, ARVR, Hormiga, CM, Horta, BL, Houti, L, Howitt, C, Htay, TT, Htet, AS, Htike, MMT, Hu, Y, Huerta, JM, Petrescu, CH, Huisman, M, Husseini, A, Huu, CN, Huybrechts, I, Hwalla, N, Hyska, J, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, AG, Ibarluzea, JM, Ibrahim, MM, Ikeda, N, Ikram, MA, Irazola, VE, Islam, M, Ismail, AA-S, Ivkovic, V, Iwasaki, M, Jackson, RT, Jacobs, JM, Jaddou, H, Jafar, T, Jamil, KM, Jamrozik, K, Janszky, I, Jarani, J, Jasienska, G, Jelakovic, A, Jelakovic, B, Jennings, G, Jeong, S-L, Jiang, CQ, Magaly Jimenez-Acosta, S, Joffres, M, Johansson, M, Jonas, JB, Jorgensen, T, Joshi, P, Jovic, DP, Jozwiak, J, Juolevi, A, Jurak, G, Juresa, V, Kaaks, R, Kafatos, A, Kajantie, EO, Kalter-Leibovici, O, Kamaruddin, NA, Kapantais, E, Karki, KB, Kasaeian, A, Kauhanen, J, Kaur, P, Kavousi, M, Kazakbaeva, G, Keil, U, Boker, LK, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kelleher, C, Kemper, HCG, Kerimkulova, A, Kersting, M, Key, T, Khader, OS, Khalili, D, Khateeb, M, Khaw, K-T, Khouw, IMSL, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U, Kiech, S, Killewo, J, Kim, J, Kim, Y-Y, Klimont, J, Klumbiene, J, Knoflach, M, Koirala, B, Kolle, E, Kolsteren, P, Korrovits, P, Kos, J, Koskinen, S, Kouda, K, Kovacs, VA, Kowlessur, S, Koziel, S, Kratzer, W, Kriemler, S, Kristensen, PL, Krokstad, S, Kromhout, D, Kruger, HS, Kubinova, R, Kuciene, R, Kuh, D, Kujala, UM, Kulaga, Z, Kumar, RK, Kunesova, M, Kurjata, P, Kusuma, YS, Kuulasmaa, K, Kyobutungi, C, La, QN, Laamiri, FZ, Laatikainen, T, Lachat, C, Laid, Y, Lam, TH, Landrove, O, Lanska, V, Lappas, G, Larijani, B, Laugsand, LE, Lauria, L, Bao, KLN, Le, TD, Lebanan, MAO, Leclercq, C, Lee, J, Lehtimaki, T, Leon-Munoz, LM, Levitt, NS, Lilly, CL, Lim, W-Y, Fernanda Lima-Costa, M, Lin, H-H, Lin, X, Lind, L, Linneberg, A, Lissner, L, Litwin, M, Liu, J, Loit, H-M, Lopes, L, Lorbeer, R, Lotufo, PA, Eugenio Lozano, J, Luksiene, D, Lundqvist, A, Lunet, N, Lytsy, P, Ma, G, Machado-Coelho, GLL, Machado-Rodrigues, AM, Machi, S, Maggi, S, Magliano, DJ, Magriplis, E, Mahaletchumy, A, Maire, B, Majer, M, Makdisse, M, Malekzadeh, R, Malhotra, R, Rao, KM, Malyutina, S, Manios, Y, Mann, JI, Manzato, E, Margozzini, P, Markaki, A, Markey, O, Marques, LP, Marques-Vidal, P, Marrugat, J, Martin-Prevel, Y, Martin, R, Martorell, R, Martos, E, Marventano, S, Masoodi, 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Nangia, VB, Nankap, M, Narake, S, Nardone, P, Navarrete-Munoz, EM, Neal, WA, Nenko, I, Nervi, F, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, ND, Nguye, QN, Nieto-Martinez, RE, Ning, G, Ninomiya, T, Nishtar, S, Noale, M, Noboa, OA, Norat, T, Norie, S, Noto, D, Al Nsour, M, O'Reilly, D, Obreja, G, Oda, E, Oehlers, G, Oh, K, Ohara, K, Olafsson, O, Anselmo Olinto, MT, Oliveira, IO, Oltarzewski, M, Omar, MA, Onat, A, Ong, SK, Ono, LM, Ordunez, P, Ornelas, R, Ortiz, AP, Osler, M, Osmond, C, Ostojic, SM, Ostovar, A, Otero, JA, Overvad, K, Owusu-Dabo, E, Paccaud, FM, Pahomova, E, Pajak, A, Palli, D, Palloni, A, Palmieri, L, Pan, W-H, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Panza, F, Papandreou, D, Park, S-W, Parnell, WR, Parsaeian, M, Pascanu, IM, Patel, ND, Pecin, I, Pednekar, MS, Peer, N, Peeters, PH, Peixoto, SV, Peltonen, M, Pereira, AC, Perez-Farinos, N, Perez, CM, Peters, A, Petkeviciene, J, Petrauskiene, A, Peykari, N, Pham, ST, Pierannunzio, D, Pigeo, I, Pikhart, H, Pilav, A, Pilotto, L, Pistelli, F, Pitakaka, F, 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SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Medicine (all) - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T20:04:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-12-16 Wellcome Trust AstraZeneca Background Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults. Methods We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height and weight on 128.9 million participants aged 5 years and older, including 31.5 million aged 5-19 years. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2016 in 200 countries for mean BMI and for prevalence of BMI in the following categories for children and adolescents aged 5-19 years: more than 2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference for children and adolescents (referred to as moderate and severe underweight hereafter), 2 SD to more than 1 SD below the median (mild underweight), 1 SD below the median to 1 SD above the median (healthy weight), more than 1 SD to 2 SD above the median (overweight but not obese), and more than 2 SD above the median (obesity). Findings Regional change in age-standardised mean BMI in girls from 1975 to 2016 ranged from virtually no change (-0.01 kg/m (2) per decade; 95% credible interval -0.42 to 0.39, posterior probability [PP] of the observed decrease being a true decrease= 0.5098) in eastern Europe to an increase of 1.00 kg/m(2) per decade (0.69-1.35, PP> 0.9999) in central Latin America and an increase of 0.95 kg/m (2) per decade (0.64-1.25, PP> 0.9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. The range for boys was from a non-significant increase of 0.09 kg/m(2) per decade (-0.33 to 0.49, PP= 0.6926) in eastern Europe to an increase of 0.77 kg/m (2) per decade (0.50-1.06, PP> 0.9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Trends in mean BMI have recently flattened in northwestern Europe and the high-income English-speaking and Asia-Pacific regions for both sexes, southwestern Europe for boys, and central and Andean Latin America for girls. By contrast, the rise in BMI has accelerated in east and south Asia for both sexes, and southeast Asia for boys. Global age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 0.7% (0.4-1.2) in 1975 to 5.6% (4.8-6.5) in 2016 in girls, and from 0.9% (0.5-1.3) in 1975 to 7.8% (6.7-9.1) in 2016 in boys; the prevalence of moderate and severe underweight decreased from 9.2% (6.0-12.9) in 1975 to 8.4% (6.8-10.1) in 2016 in girls and from 14.8% (10.4-19.5) in 1975 to 12.4% (10.3-14.5) in 2016 in boys. Prevalence of moderate and severe underweight was highest in India, at 22.7% (16.7-29.6) among girls and 30.7% (23.5-38.0) among boys. Prevalence of obesity was more than 30% in girls in Nauru, the Cook Islands, and Palau; and boys in the Cook Islands, Nauru, Palau, Niue, and American Samoa in 2016. Prevalence of obesity was about 20% or more in several countries in Polynesia and Micronesia, the Middle East and north Africa, the Caribbean, and the USA. In 2016, 75 (44-117) million girls and 117 (70-178) million boys worldwide were moderately or severely underweight. In the same year, 50 (24-89) million girls and 74 (39-125) million boys worldwide were obese. Interpretation The rising trends in children's and adolescents' BMI have plateaued in many high-income countries, albeit at high levels, but have accelerated in parts of Asia, with trends no longer correlated with those of adults. 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Univ Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain Univ Palermo, Palermo, Italy Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA Mohammed V Univ Rabat, Rabat, Morocco Univ Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil Dalhousie Univ, Calgary, AB, Canada Jordan Univ Technol, Amman, Jordan Univ Fed Maranhao, Sao Luis, Brazil Univ Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Univ Tunis El Manar, El Manar, Tunisia Fed Minist Hlth & Womens Affairs, Vienna, Austria CAFAM Univ Fdn, Bogota, Colombia Imperial Coll London, London, England Lithuanian Univ Hlth Sci, Kaunas, Lithuania Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil BJ Med Coll, Pune, Maharashtra, India Chirayu Med Coll, Bhopal, India Sunder Lal Jain Hosp, Delhi, India Shandong Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Shanghai, Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Shanghai, Peoples R China Norwegian Inst Publ, Oslo, Norway Ufa Eye Res Inst, Moscow, Russia Univ Montenegro, Montenegro, Mexico Univ Southern Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Amsterdam, Netherlands Univ Turin, Turin, Italy UCL, London, England Liverpool John Moores Univ, Liverpool, Merseyside, England Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore, Singapore German Inst Human Nutr, Hamburg, Germany Univ Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay CEMIC, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina IRCCS Ist Neurol Mediterraneo Neuromed, Naples, Italy Toulouse Univ, Sch Med, Toulouse, France Univ Lausanne, Minist Hlth, Lausanne, Switzerland Flemish Agcy Care & Hlth, Brussels, Belgium Univ Ghent, Ghent, Belgium FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, Netherlands Univ Cent Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela Bielefeld Univ, Bielefeld, Germany WHO, Reg Off Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark German Canc Res Ctr, Heidelberg, Germany Fred Hollows Fdn New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Bucharest, Romania Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Amersroot, Netherlands Univ Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark Inst Publ Hlth, Tirana, Albania Cork Inst Technol, Cork, Ireland Univ La Laguna, San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain Univ Malta, Msida, Malta Vanderbilt Univ, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA Minist Hlth, Pangai, Tonga Canadian Fitness & Lifestyle Res Inst, Ottawa, ON, Canada Hosp Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal Istanbul Univ, Istanbul, Turkey Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Juiz De Fora, Portugal Food & Nutr Res Inst, Manila, Philippines Santiago de Compostela Univ, Santiago De Compostela, Spain Assoc Calabrese Epatol, Perugia, Italy India Diabet Res Fdn, Delhi, India Duke NUS Med Sch, Singapore, Singapore Natl Inst Med Stat, New Delhi, India Acad Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan Capital Inst Pediat, Beijing, Peoples R China Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Peoples R China Univ Oxford, Oxford, England Duke NUS MEd Sch, Singapore, Singapore Gertner Inst Epidemiol & Hlth Policy Res, Tel Aviv, Israel Natl Ctr Publ Hlth & Anal, Sofia, Bulgaria Univ Bern, Bern, Switzerland Minist Hlth & Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan 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Rech Dev, Montpellier, France French Publ Hlth Agcy, St Maurice, France Univ Vale Rio Sino, Sao Leopoldo, Brazil Natl Council Sci & Tech Res, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Univ Tehran Med Sci, Tehran, Iran Natl Inst Nutr, Hanoi, Vietnam Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Ist Super Sanita, Rome, Italy Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Munich, Germany Minist Sante & Lutte Contre Sida, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire Cardinal Wyszynski Inst Cardiol, Warsaw, Poland Beijing Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Latvia, Riga, Latvia Univ Benin, Benin, Nigeria Univ Skovde, Skovde, Sweden Natl Inst Nutr & Food Technol, Tunis, Tunisia Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA Univ Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa Karadeniz Tech Univ, Trabzon, Turkey Univ Southern Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Natl Inst Hlth & Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Queens Univ Belfast, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Primary Health Care, Floriana, Malta Ctr Salud Villanueva Norte, Villanueva De La Serena, Spain Univ West Indies, Mona, Jamaica Hosp Don Benito Villanueva de la Serena, Villanueva De La Serena, Spain Minist Hlth, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Council Agr Res & Econ, Rome, Italy Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Santiago, Chile Univ Toulouse, Sch Med, Toulouse, France Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England Univ Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico Univ Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia Umea Univ, Umea, Sweden Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden Univ West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil Hosp Univ Son Espases, Palma De Mallorca, Spain Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande, Brazil Kindai Univ, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan Med Univ Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Minist Hlth, Rome, Italy Univ Catania, Catania, Italy CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Barcelona, Spain Univ KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa Geneva Univ Hosp, Geneva, Switzerland Australian Bur Stat, Canberra, ACT, Australia Agcy Prevent & Social Med, Innsbruck, Austria Wageningen Univ, Wageningen, Netherlands Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran Univ Insubria, Varese, Italy Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden Minist Hlth, Ankara, Turkey Minist Hlth, Jerusalem, Israel McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada Andes Clin Cardiometab Studies, Timotes, Venezuela Univ Politecn Madrid, Madrid, Spain Univ Lille 2, Lille, France Minist Hlth, Lisbon, Portugal Inst Clin & Expt Med, Prague, Czech Republic Childrens Mem Hlth Inst, Warsaw, Poland Alexander Technol Educ Inst, Sindos, Greece Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada Jagiellonian Univ, Med Coll, Krakow, Poland Univ Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Azienda Osped Univ Policlin Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy Univ Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Natl Ctr Cardiovasc Dis, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy Singapore Eye Res Inst, Singapore, Singapore Iceland Heart Assoc, Kopavogur, Iceland Univ Icesi, Cali, Colombia Univ Estadual Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil Kings Coll London, London, England Int Agcy Res Canc, Lyon, France Capital Med Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China Healis Sekhsaria Inst Publ Hlth, Navi Mumbai, India Eternal Heart Care Ctr Res Inst, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Univ Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Childrens Memorial Hlth Inst, Warsaw, Poland Inst Clin Effectiveness & Hlth Policy, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Res & Educ Inst Child Hlth, Nicosia, Cyprus Minist Hlth, Seri Begawan, Brunei Danish Canc Soc, Res Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados Alexander Technol Educ Inst Thessaloniki, Sindos, Greece Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka, Japan Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA Univ Pecs, Pecs, Hungary Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico Oulu Univ Hosp, SF-90100 Oulu, Finland Univ Autonoma Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia 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Cambridge, Cambridge, England Med Univ Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania Natl Canc Ctr, Goyang Si, South Korea Natl Hlh Insurance Serv, Seoul, South Korea Stat Austria, Vienna, Austria BP Koirala Inst Hlth Sci, Dharan, Nepal Inst Trop Med, Antwerp, Belgium Tartu Univ Clin, Tartu, Estonia Natl Inst Pharm & Nutr, Budapest, Hungary Minis Hlth & Qual Life, Port Louis, Mauritius Polish Acad Sci, Anthropol Unit Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland Univ Hosp Ulm, Ulm, Germany Univ Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands North West Univ, Potchefstroom, South Africa Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Prague, Czech Republic Univ Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland Amrita Inst Med Sci, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India Inst Endocrinol, Prague, Czech Republic All India Inst Med Sci, New Delhi, India African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya Hanoi Univ Publ Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam Higher Inst Nursing Profess & Tech Hlth Morocco, Rabat, Morocco Natl Inst Publ Hlth Algeria, Algiers, Algeria Minist Salud Publ, Havana, Cuba Sahlgrens Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden Endocrinol & Met Res Ctr, Arak, Iran Indicium Res, Manila, Philippines Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Tampere Univ Hosp, Tampere, Finland Univ Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV USA Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rene Rachou Res Inst, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei, Taiwan Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden Capital Med Univ, Beijing An Zhen Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Tallinn, Estonia Univ Med Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany Consejeria Sanidad Junta Castilla & Leon, Valladolid, Spain Univ Fed Ouro Pret, Ouro Preto, Brazil Jikei Univ, Sch Med, Tokyo, Japan CNR, Rome, Italy Baker Heart & Diabet Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Agr Univ Athens, Athens, Greece Univ Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia Inst Rech Dev, Marseille, France Hosp Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Shiraz, Iran Inst Internal & Prevent Med, Novosibirsk, Russia Harokopio Univ, Kallithea, Greece Univ Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Univ Padua, Padua, Italy Technol Educ Inst Crete, Iraklion, Greece Loughborough Univ Technol, Loughborough, Leics, England Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil Lausanne Univ Hosp, Lausanne, Switzerland Inst Hosp Mard Invest Med, Barcelona, Spain Mary Immaculate Coll, Limerick, Ireland Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA Hungarian Soc Sports Med, Budapest, Hungary Sherikashmir Inst Med Sci, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Tromso, Norway Cape Peninsula Univ Technol, Cape Town, South Africa Univ Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Univ Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland Stat Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada Int Med Univ, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia INSERM, Villejuif, France Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Oberschleissheim, Germany Robert Koch Inst, Berlin, Germany Lusofona Univ, Lisbon, Portugal Democritus Univ Greece, Komotini, Greece Grigore T Popa Univ Med & Pharm, Iasi, Romania Univ Firenze, Florence, Italy Hypertens Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran Mulago Hosp, Kampala, Uganda Univ Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa Seoul Natl Univ, Childrens Hosp, Seoul, South Korea Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Univ Med Sci, Havana, Cuba Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain R CSI Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Int Inst Mol & Cell Biol, Warsaw, Poland Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Ahvaz Jundishapur Univ Med Sci, Ahwaz, Iran Gorgas Memorial Inst Publ Hlth, Panama City, Panama Dept Publ Hlth, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar Univ Brescia, Brescia, Italy Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Neuherberg, Germany Univ Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland Mary Immaculate Coll, Tours, France Bushehr Univ Med Sci, Bushehr, Iran Ulm Univ, Ulm, Germany Inst Publ Hlth, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Kobe Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan Banska Bystrica Reg Author Publ Hlth, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia Suraj Eye Inst, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Helen Keller Int, Yaounde, Cameroon Karolinska Inst, Solna, Sweden Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam Univ Pharm & Med Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Hanoi Med Univ, Hanoi, Vietnam Miami Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Miami, FL USA Heartfile, Islamabad, Pakistan Natl Canc Ctr, Tokyo, Japan Eastern Mediterranean Publ Hlth Network, Amman, Jordan State Univ Med & Pharm, Kishinev, Moldova Tachikawa Gen Hosp, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan Acad Hosp Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Surinam Univ Vale Rio dos Sinos, Sao Leopoldo, Brazil Natl Food & Nutr Inst, Warsaw, Poland Minist Hlth, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Univ Fed Santa Catarin, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil Univ Madeira, Funchal, Portugal Univ Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR USA MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England Aarhus Univ, Aarhus, Denmark Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Kumasi, Ghana Inst Social & Prevent, Lausanne, Switzerland Canc Prevent & Res Inst, Florence, Italy Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI USA IRCCS Casa Sollievo Sofferenz, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy Zayed Univ, Dubai, U Arab Emirates Catholic Univ Daegu, Gyongsan, South Korea Tg Mures Univ Med & Pharm, Targu Mures, Romania Jivandeep Hosp, Surat, India South African Med Res Council, Tygerberg, South Africa Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rene Rachou Res Inst, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Spanish Agcy Consumer Affairs Social Serv & Nutr, Madrid, Spain Univ Puerto Rico, Med Sci Campus, San Juan, PR USA Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Tehran, Iran Vietnam Natl Heart Inst, Hanoi, Vietnam Leibniz Inst Prevent Res & Epidemiol BIPS, Bremen, Germany Univ Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg Cardiovasc Prevent Ctr Udine, Udine, Italy Univ Hosp Pisa, Pisa, Italy Minist Hlth & Med Serv, Honiara, Solomon Islands Publ Hlth Agcy Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Univ Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro Inst Hosp Mar Invest Med, Barcelona, Spain Agcy Prevent and Social Med, Innsbruck, Austria Digest Oncol Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran Digest Dis Res Inst, Tehran, Iran CHU Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland Ctr Dis & Prevent Control, Riga, Latvia Al Quds Univ, Jerusalem, Israel Alborz Univ Med Sci, Karaj, Iran Minist Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam BRAC, Dhaka, Bangladesh Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh Univ Turku, Turku, Finland India Diabet Res Fdn, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India Univ New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Inst Univ Invest Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain Univ Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Univ Valencia, Valencia, Spain Univ Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines Nutr Res Fdn, Barcelona, Spain Minas Gerais State Secretariat Hlth, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Hlth Ctr San Agustin, San AgustIn, Spain PharmAccess Fdn, Amsterdam, Netherlands Natl Inst Hlth Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada Canarian Hlth Serv, Barcelona, 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Fdn, Athens, Greece Univ Pharm & Med Ho Chi Min City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam Governm Med Coll, Secunderabad, India Sefako Makgatho Hlth Sci Univ, Kangnung, South Korea Addis Ababa Univ, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Dasman Diabet Inst, Kuwait, Kuwait Minist Hlth, Thorndon, New Zealand Hellen Med Associat Obes, Athens, Greece Univ Ctr Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela Meharry Med Coll, Nashville, TN USA Dokuz Eylul Univ, Izmir, Turkey Univ Tampere, Tays Eye Ctr, Tampere, Finland Polytech Inst Porto, Oporto, Portugal Univ Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Bilthoven, Netherlands Fed Univ Pelota, Pelotas, Brazil Italian Natl Res Council, Rome, Italy Univ Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Spain Minist Hlth, Victoria, Seychelles North Karelian Ctr Publ Hlth, Joensuu, Finland ISGlobal Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol, Barcelona, Spain Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa Med Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria Univ Coll Cork, Cork, Ireland Inst Med Res, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Xinjiang Med Univ, Urumqi, Peoples R China St Georges Univ London, London, England Univ Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia Natl Inst Hyg, Warsaw, Poland Caja Costarricense Seguro Social, Atenas, Costa Rica Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi Selangor, Malaysia Univ New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia Univ Mancheste, Manchester, Lancs, England Shandong Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China Kailuan Gen Hosp, Tangshan, Peoples R China Minist Agr, Inst Food & Dev, Beijing, Peoples R China Fudan Univ, Childrens Hosp, Shanghai, Peoples R China Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus Univ Teknol MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia Capital Med Univ Beijing, An Zhen Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China West Kazakhstan State Med Univ, Aktobe, Kazakhstan Inner Mongolia Med Univ, Hohhot, Peoples R China Gorgas Mem Inst Publ Hlth, Panama City, Panama Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Published
- 2017
8. Association of Plasma Lipids Fatty Acid Composition With Metabolic Profile of Czech Adolescents
- Author
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HLAVATY, P., primary, TVRZICKA, E., additional, STANKOVA, B., additional, ZAMRAZILOVA, H., additional, SEDLACKOVA, B., additional, DUSATKOVA, L., additional, HAINER, V., additional, and KUNESOVA, M., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Human adenovirus 36. Prevalence, association with obesity and response to inpatient weight management in Czech adolescents
- Author
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Aldhoon-Hainerová, I., Zamrazilová, H., Atkinson, R., Dušátková, L., Sedláčková, B., Lee, Z., Kunešová, M., and Hainer, V.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in adolescents. Prevalence, gender differences and predictors
- Author
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Zamrazilová, H., Aldhoon-Hainerová, I., Dušátková, L., Sedláčková, B., Kunešová, M., and Hainer, V.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids combined with the weigt loss management in moderately obese women
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Kunesova, M., Hlavaty, P., Kalouskova, P., Kopecky, J., Flachs, P., Tvrzicka, E., Vecka, M., Nedvidkova, J., Srbova, L., Hlavata, K., Zamrazilova, H., Ales Zak, and Hill, M.
12. Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants
- Author
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De Ridder K, de Rooij SR, De Smedt D, Deepa M, Deev AD, DeGennaro V, Jr, Dehghan A, Delisle H, Delpeuch F, Demarest S, Dennison E, Deren K, Deschamps V, Dhana K, Dhimal M, Di Castelnuovo AF, Dias-da-Costa JS, Díaz-Sánchez ME, Diaz A, Dika Z, Djalalinia S, Djordjic V, Do HT, Dobson AJ, Donati MB, Donfrancesco C, Donoso SP, Döring A, Dorobantu M, Dorosty AR, Doua K, Drygas W, Duan JL, Duante CA, Duboz P, Duda RB, Duleva V, Dulskiene V, Dumith SC, Dushpanova A, Dzerve V, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E, Eddie R, Eftekhar E, Egbagbe EE, Eggertsen R, Eghtesad S, Eiben G, Ekelund U, El-Khateeb M, El Ati J, Eldemire-Shearer D, Eliasen M, Elliott P, Engle-Stone R, Enguerran M, Erasmus RT, Erbel R, Erem C, Eriksen L, Eriksson JG, Escobedo-de la Peña J, Eslami S, Esmaeili A, Evans A, Faeh D, Fakhretdinova AA, Fall CH, Faramarzi E, Farjam M, Farrugia Sant'Angelo V, Farzadfar F, Fattahi MR, Fawwad A, Felix-Redondo FJ, Ferguson TS, Fernandes RA, Fernández-Bergés D, Ferrante D, Ferrao T, Ferrari M, Ferrario MM, Ferreccio C, Ferrer E, Ferrieres J, Figueiró TH, Fijalkowska A, Fink G, Fischer K, Föger B, Foo LH, Forsner M, Fouad HM, Francis DK, Franco MDC, Franco OH, Frikke-Schmidt R, Frontera G, Fuchs FD, Fuchs SC, Fujiati II, Fujita Y, Fumihiko M, Furusawa T, Gaciong Z, Gafencu M, Galbarczyk A, Galenkamp H, Galeone D, Galfo M, Galvano F, Gao J, Garcia-de-la-Hera M, García-Solano M, Gareta D, Garnett SP, Gaspoz J-M, Gasull M, Gaya ACA, Gaya AR, Gazzinelli A, Gehring U, Geiger H, Geleijnse JM, Ghanbari A, Ghasemi E, Gheorghe-Fronea O-F, Giampaoli S, Gianfagna F, Gill TK, Giovannelli J, Gironella G, Giwercman A, Gkiouras K, Godos J, Gogen S, Goldsmith RA, Goltzman D, Gómez SF, Gomula A, Goncalves Cordeiro da Silva B, Gonçalves H, Gonzalez-Chica DA, Gonzalez-Gross M, González-Leon M, González-Rivas JP, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando M-E, Gonzalez AR, Gottrand F, Graça AP, Graff-Iversen S, Grafnetter D, Grajda A, Grammatikopoulou MG, Gregor RD, Grodzicki T, Grøholt EK, 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Banach M., Bandosz P., Banegas J.R., Baran J., Barbagallo C.M., Barcelo A., Barkat A., Barros A.J., Barros M.V.G., Basit A., Bastos J.L.D., Bata I., Batieha A.M., Batista R.L., Battakova Z., Batyrbek A., Baur L.A., Beaglehole R., Bel-Serrat S., Belavendra A., Ben Romdhane H., Benedics J., Benet M., Berkinbayev S., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernotiene G., Bettiol H., Bezerra J., Bhagyalaxmi A., Bharadwaj S., Bhargava S.K., Bi H., Bi Y., Bia D., Bika Lele E.C., Bikbov M.M., Bista B., Bjelica D.J., Bjerregaard P., Bjertness E., Bjertness M.B., Bjorkelund C., Bloch K.V., Blokstra A., Bo S., Bobak M., Boddy L.M., Boehm B.O., Boeing H., Boggia J.G., Bogova E., Boissonnet C.P., Bojesen S.E., Bonaccio M., Bongard V., Bonilla-Vargas A., Bopp M., Borghs H., Bovet P., Braeckevelt L., Braeckman L., Bragt M.C., Brajkovich I., Branca F., Breckenkamp J., Breda J., Brenner H., Brewster L.M., Brian G.R., Brinduse L., Brophy S., Bruno G., Bueno-de-Mesquita H.B., Bugge A., Buoncristiano M., Burazeri G., Burns C., Cabrera de Leon A., Cacciottolo J., Cai H., Cama T., Cameron C., Camolas J., Can G., Candido A.P.C., Canete F., Capanzana M.V., Capkova N., Capuano E., Capuano V., Cardol M., Cardoso V.C., Carlsson A.C., Carmuega E., Carvalho J., Casajus J.A., Casanueva F.F., Celikcan E., Censi L., Cervantes-Loaiza M., Cesar J.A., Chamukuttan S., Chan A.W., Chan Q., Chaturvedi H.K., Chaturvedi N., Che Abdul Rahim N., Chen C.-J., Chen F., Chen H., Chen S., Chen Z., Cheng C.-Y., Cheraghian B., Chetrit A., Chikova-Iscener E., Chiolero A., Chiou S.-T., Chirlaque M.-D., Cho B., Christensen K., Christofaro D.G., Chudek J., Cifkova R., Cilia M., Cinteza E., Claessens F., Clarke J., Clays E., Cohen E., Concin H., Confortin S.C., Cooper C., Coppinger T.C., Corpeleijn E., Costanzo S., Cottel D., Cowell C., Craig C.L., Crampin A.C., Crujeiras A.B., Csilla S., Cucu A.M., Cui L., Cureau F.V., D'Arrigo G., d'Orsi E., Dacica L., Dal Re Saavedra M.A., Dallongeville J., Damasceno A., Damsgaard C.T., Dankner R., Dantoft T.M., Dasgupta P., Dastgiri S., Dauchet L., Davletov K., De Backer G., De Bacquer D., de Gaetano G., De Henauw S., de Oliveira P.D., De Ridder D., De Ridder K., de Rooij S.R., De Smedt D., Deepa M., Deev A.D., DeGennaro V., Dehghan A., Delisle H., Delpeuch F., Demarest S., Dennison E., Deren K., Deschamps V., Dhana K., Dhimal M., Di Castelnuovo A.F., Dias-da-Costa J.S., Diaz-Sanchez M.E., Diaz A., Dika Z., Djalalinia S., Djordjic V., Do H.T., Dobson A.J., Donati M.B., Donfrancesco C., Donoso S.P., Doring A., Dorobantu M., Dorosty A.R., Doua K., Drygas W., Duan J.L., Duante C.A., Duboz P., Duda R.B., Duleva V., Dulskiene V., Dumith S.C., Dushpanova A., Dzerve V., Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E., Eddie R., Eftekhar E., Egbagbe E.E., Eggertsen R., Eghtesad S., Eiben G., Ekelund U., El-Khateeb M., El Ati J., Eldemire-Shearer D., Eliasen M., Elliott P., Engle-Stone R., Enguerran M., Erasmus R.T., Erbel R., Erem C., Eriksen L., Eriksson J.G., Escobedo-de la Pena J., Eslami S., Esmaeili A., Evans A., Faeh D., Fakhretdinova A.A., Fall C.H., Faramarzi E., Farjam M., Farrugia Sant'Angelo V., Farzadfar F., Fattahi M.R., Fawwad A., Felix-Redondo F.J., Ferguson T.S., Fernandes R.A., Fernandez-Berges D., Ferrante D., Ferrao T., Ferrari M., Ferrario M.M., Ferreccio C., Ferrer E., Ferrieres J., Figueiro T.H., Fijalkowska A., Fink G., Fischer K., Foger B., Foo L.H., Forsner M., Fouad H.M., Francis D.K., Franco M.D.C., Franco O.H., Frikke-Schmidt R., Frontera G., Fuchs F.D., Fuchs S.C., Fujiati I.I., Fujita Y., Fumihiko M., Furusawa T., Gaciong Z., Gafencu M., Galbarczyk A., Galenkamp H., Galeone D., Galfo M., Galvano F., Gao J., Garcia-de-la-Hera M., Garcia-Solano M., Gareta D., Garnett S.P., Gaspoz J.-M., Gasull M., Gaya A.C.A., Gaya A.R., Gazzinelli A., Gehring U., Geiger H., Geleijnse J.M., Ghanbari A., Ghasemi E., Gheorghe-Fronea O.-F., Giampaoli S., Gianfagna F., Gill T.K., Giovannelli J., Gironella G., Giwercman A., Gkiouras K., Godos J., Gogen S., Goldsmith R.A., Goltzman D., Gomez S.F., Gomula A., Goncalves Cordeiro da Silva B., Goncalves H., Gonzalez-Chica D.A., Gonzalez-Gross M., Gonzalez-Leon M., Gonzalez-Rivas J.P., Gonzalez-Villalpando C., Gonzalez-Villalpando M.-E., Gonzalez A.R., Gottrand F., Graca A.P., Graff-Iversen S., Grafnetter D., Grajda A., Grammatikopoulou M.G., Gregor R.D., Grodzicki T., Groholt E.K., Grontved A., Grosso G., Gruden G., Gu D., Gualdi-Russo E., Guallar-Castillon P., Gualtieri A., Gudmundsson E.F., Gudnason V., Guerrero R., Guessous I., Guimaraes A.L., Gulliford M.C., Gunnlaugsdottir J., Gunter M.J., Guo X.-H., Guo Y., Gupta P.C., Gupta R., Gureje O., Gurzkowska B., Gutierrez-Gonzalez E., Gutierrez L., Gutzwiller F., Ha S., Hadaegh F., Hadjigeorgiou C.A., Haghshenas R., Hakimi H., Halkjaer J., Hambleton I.R., Hamzeh B., Hange D., Hanif A.A., Hantunen S., Hari Kumar R., Hashemi-Shahri S.M., Hassapidou M., Hata J., Haugsgjerd T., Hayes A.J., He J., He Y., Heidinger-Felso R., Heinen M., Hejgaard T., Hendriks M.E., Henrique R.D.S., Henriques A., Hernandez Cadena L., Herrala S., Herrera V.M., Herter-Aeberli I., Heshmat R., Hill A.G., Ho S.Y., Ho S.C., Hobbs M., Hofman A., Holden Bergh I., Holdsworth M., Homayounfar R., Homs C., Hopman W.M., Horimoto A.R., Hormiga C.M., Horta B.L., Houti L., Howitt C., Htay T.T., Htet A.S., Htike M.M.T., Hu Y., Huerta J.M., Huhtaniemi I.T., Huidumac Petrescu C., Husseini A., Huu C.N., Huybrechts I., Hwalla N., Hyska J., Iacoviello L., Ibarluzea J.M., Ibrahim M.M., Ibrahim Wong N., Ikeda N., Ikram M.A., Iotova V., Irazola V.E., Ishida T., Islam M., Islam S.M.S., Iwasaki M., Jackson R.T., Jacobs J.M., Jaddou H.Y., Jafar T., James K., Jamil K.M., Jamrozik K., Janszky I., Janus E., Jarani J., Jarvelin M.-R., Jasienska G., Jelakovic A., Jelakovic B., Jennings G., Jha A.K., Jiang C.Q., Jimenez R.O., Jockel K.-H., Joffres M., Johansson M., Jokelainen J.J., Jonas J.B., Jorgensen T., Joshi P., Joukar F., Jovic D.P., Jozwiak J.J., Juolevi A., Jurak G., Jurca Simina I., Juresa V., Kaaks R., Kaducu F.O., Kafatos A., Kajantie E.O., Kalmatayeva Z., Kalter-Leibovici O., Kameli Y., Kanala K.R., Kannan S., Kapantais E., Karki K.B., Katibeh M., Katz J., Katzmarzyk P.T., Kauhanen J., Kaur P., Kavousi M., Kazakbaeva G.M., Keil U., Keinan Boker L., Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S., Kelishadi R., Kelleher C., Kemper H.C., Keramati M., Kerimkulova A., Kersting M., Key T., Khader Y.S., Khalili D., Khaw K.-T., Kheiri B., Kheradmand M., Khosravi A., Khouw I.M., Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U., Kiechl S., Killewo J., Kim D.W., Kim H.C., Kim J., Kindblom J.M., Klakk H., Klimek M., Klimont J., Klumbiene J., Knoflach M., Koirala B., Kolle E., Kolsteren P., Konig J., Korpelainen R., Korrovits P., Korzycka M., Kos J., Koskinen S., Kouda K., Kovacs V.A., Kowlessur S., Koziel S., Kratzer W., Kriemler S., Kristensen P.L., Krokstad S., Kromhout D., Krtalic B., Kruger H.S., Kubinova R., Kuciene R., Kujala U.M., Kujundzic E., Kulaga Z., Kumar R.K., Kunesova M., Kurjata P., Kusuma Y.S., Kuulasmaa K., Kyobutungi C., La Q.N., Laamiri F.Z., Laatikainen T., Lachat C., Laid Y., Lam T.H., Lambrinou C.-P., Landais E., Lanska V., Lappas G., Larijani B., Latt T.S., Lauria L., Lazo-Porras M., Le Nguyen Bao K., Le Port A., Le T.D., Lee J., Lee P.H., Lehmann N., Lehtimaki T., Lemogoum D., Levitt N.S., Li Y., Liivak M., Lilly C.L., Lim W.-Y., Lima-Costa M.F., Lin H.-H., Lin X., Lin Y.-T., Lind L., Linneberg A., Lissner L., Litwin M., Liu J., Liu L., Lo W.-C., Loit H.-M., Long K.Q., Lopes L., Lopes O., Lopez-Garcia E., Lopez T., Lotufo P.A., Lozano J.E., Lukrafka J.L., Luksiene D., Lundqvist A., Lundqvist R., Lunet N., Lunogelo C., Lustigova M., Luszczki E., Ma G., Ma J., Ma X., Machado-Coelho G.L., Machado-Rodrigues A.M., Machi S., Macieira L.M., Madar A.A., Maggi S., Magliano D.J., Magnacca S., Magriplis E., Mahasampath G., Maire B., Majer M., Makdisse M., Maki P., Malekzadeh F., Malhotra R., Mallikharjuna Rao K., Malyutina S.K., Maniego L.V., Manios Y., Mann J.I., Mansour-Ghanaei F., Manzato E., Margozzini P., Markaki A., Markey O., Markidou Ioannidou E., Marques-Vidal P., Marques L.P., Marrugat J., Martin-Prevel Y., Martin R., Martorell R., Martos E., Marventano S., Mascarenhas L.P., Masoodi S.R., Mathiesen E.B., Mathur P., Matijasevich A., Matsha T.E., Mavrogianni C., Mazur A., Mbanya J.C.N., McFarlane S.R., McGarvey S.T., McKee M., McLachlan S., McLean R.M., McLean S.B., McNulty B.A., Mediene-Benchekor S., Medzioniene J., Mehdipour P., Mehlig K., Mehrparvar A.H., Meirhaeghe A., Meisfjord J., Meisinger C., Menezes A.M.B., Menon G.R., Mensink G.B., Menzano M.T., Mereke A., Meshram I.I., Metspalu A., Mi J., Michaelsen K.F., Michels N., Mikkel K., Milkowska K., Miller J.C., Minderico C.S., Mini G.K., Miquel J.F., Mirjalili M.R., Mirkopoulou D., Mirrakhimov E., Misigoj-Durakovic M., Mistretta A., Mocanu V., Modesti P.A., Moghaddam S.S., Mohajer B., Mohamed M.K., Mohamed S.F., Mohammad K., Mohammadi Z., Mohammadifard N., Mohammadpourhodki R., Mohan V., Mohanna S., Mohd Yusoff M.F., Mohebbi I., Mohebi F., Moitry M., Molbo D., Mollehave L.T., Moller N.C., Molnar D., Momenan A., Mondo C.K., Monroy-Valle M., Monterrubio-Flores E., Monyeki K.D.K., Moosazadeh M., Moreira L.B., Morejon A., Moreno L.A., Morgan K., Morin S.N., Mortensen E.L., Moschonis G., Mossakowska M., Mostafa A., Mota-Pinto A., Mota J., Motlagh M.E., Motta J., Moura-dos-Santos M.A., Mridha M.K., Msyamboza K.P., Mu T.T., Muc M., Mugosa B., Muiesan M.L., Mukhtorova P., Muller-Nurasyid M., Murphy N., Mursu J., Murtagh E.M., Musa K.I., Music Milanovic S., Musil V., Mustafa N., Nabipour I., Naderimagham S., Nagel G., Naidu B.M., Najafi F., Nakamura H., Namesna J., Nang E.E.K., Nangia V.B., Nankap M., Narake S., Nardone P., Nauck M., Neal W.A., Nejatizadeh A., Nelis K., Nelis L., Nenko I., Neovius M., Nervi F., Nguyen C.T., Nguyen D., Nguyen Q.N., Nieto-Martinez R.E., Nikitin Y.P., Ning G., Ninomiya T., Nishtar S., Noale M., Noboa O.A., Nogueira H., Norat T., Nordendahl M., Nordestgaard B.G., Noto D., Nowak-Szczepanska N., Nsour M.A., Nuhoglu I., Nurk E., O'Neill T.W., O'Reilly D., Obreja G., Ochimana C., Ochoa-Aviles A.M., Oda E., Oh K., Ohara K., Ohlsson C., Ohtsuka R., Olafsson O., Olinto M.T.A., Oliveira I.O., Omar M.A., Onat A., Ong S.K., Ono L.M., Ordunez P., Ornelas R., Ortiz A.P., Ortiz P.J., Osler M., Osmond C., Ostojic S.M., Ostovar A., Otero J.A., Overvad K., Owusu-Dabo E., Paccaud F.M., Padez C., Pagkalos I., Pahomova E., Paiva K.M.D., Pajak A., Palli D., Palloni A., Palmieri L., Pan W.-H., Panda-Jonas S., Pandey A., Panza F., Papandreou D., Park S.-W., Park S., Parnell W.R., Parsaeian M., Pascanu I.M., Pasquet P., Patel N.D., Pednekar M.S., Peer N., Peixoto S.V., Peltonen M., Pereira A.C., Peres M.A., Perez-Farinos N., Perez C.M., Peterkova V., Peters A., Petersmann A., Petkeviciene J., Petrauskiene A., Pettenuzzo E., Peykari N., Pham S.T., Pichardo R.N., Pierannunzio D., Pigeot I., Pikhart H., Pilav A., Pilotto L., Pistelli F., Pitakaka F., Piwonska A., Pizarro A.N., Plans-Rubio P., Poh B.K., Pohlabeln H., Pop R.M., Porta M., Posch G., Poudyal A., Poulimeneas D., Pouraram H., Pourfarzi F., Pourshams A., Poustchi H., Pradeepa R., Price A.J., Price J.F., Providencia R., Puder J.J., Pudule I., Puhakka S.E., Puiu M., Punab M., Qasrawi R.F., Qorbani M., Quoc Bao T., Radic I., Radisauskas R., Rahimikazerooni S., Rahman M., Raitakari O., Raj M., Rakhimova E., Rakhmatulloev S., Rakovac I., Ramachandra Rao S., Ramachandran A., Ramke J., Ramos E., Ramos R., Rampal L., Rampal S., Rarra V., Rascon-Pacheco R.A., Rasmussen M., Rech C.R., Redon J., Reganit P.F.M., Regecova V., Revilla L., Rezaianzadeh A., Ribas-Barba L., Ribeiro R., Riboli E., Richter A., Rigo F., Rinaldo N., Rinke de Wit T.F., Rito A., Ritti-Dias R.M., Rivera J.A., Robitaille C., Roccaldo R., Rodrigues D., Rodriguez-Artalejo F., Rodriguez-Perez M.D.C., Rodriguez-Villamizar L.A., Roggenbuck U., Rojas-Martinez R., Rojroongwasinkul N., Romaguera D., Romeo E.L., Rosario R.V., Rosengren A., Rouse I., Roy J.G., Rubinstein A., Ruhli F.J., Ruidavets J.-B., Ruiz-Betancourt B.S., Ruiz Moreno E., Rusakova I.A., Russell Jonsson K., Russo P., Rust P., Rutkowski M., Sabanayagam C., Sacchini E., Sachdev H.S., Sadjadi A., Safarpour A.R., Safi S., Safiri S., Saidi O., Saki N., Salanave B., Salazar Martinez E., Salmeron D., Salomaa V., Salonen J.T., Salvetti M., Samoutian M., Sanchez-Abanto J., Sandjaja, Sans S., Santa Marina L., Santos D.A., Santos I.S., Santos L.C., Santos M.P., Santos O., Santos R., Santos Sanz S., Saramies J.L., Sardinha L.B., Sarrafzadegan N., Sathish T., Saum K.-U., Savva S., Savy M., Sawada N., Sbaraini M., Scazufca M., Schaan B.D., Schaffrath Rosario A., Schargrodsky H., Schienkiewitz A., Schindler K., Schipf S., Schmidt C.O., Schmidt I.M., Schnohr P., Schottker B., Schramm S., Schroder H., Schultsz C., Schutte A.E., Sebert S., Sein A.A., Selamat R., Sember V., Sen A., Senbanjo I.O., Sepanlou S.G., Sequera V., Serra-Majem L., Servais J., Sevcikova L., Shalnova S.A., Shamah-Levy T., Shamshirgaran M., Shanthirani C.S., Sharafkhah M., Sharma S.K., Shaw J.E., Shayanrad A., Shayesteh A.A., Shengelia L., Shi Z., Shibuya K., Shimizu-Furusawa H., Shin D.W., Shin Y., Shirani M., Shiri R., Shrestha N., Si-Ramlee K., Siani A., Siantar R., Sibai A.M., Silva A.M., Silva D.A.S., Simon M., Simons J., Simons L.A., Sjoberg A., Sjostrom M., Skodje G., Slowikowska-Hilczer J., Slusarczyk P., Smeeth L., So H.-K., Soares F.C., Sobek G., Sobngwi E., Sodemann M., Soderberg S., Soekatri M.Y., Soemantri A., Sofat R., Solfrizzi V., Somi M.H., Sonestedt E., Song Y., Sorgjerd E.P., Sossa Jerome C., Soto-Rojas V.E., Soumare A., Sovic S., Sparboe-Nilsen B., Sparrenberger K., Spinelli A., Spiroski I., Staessen J.A., Stamm H., Stathopoulou M.G., Staub K., Stavreski B., Steene-Johannessen J., Stehle P., Stein A.D., Stergiou G.S., Stessman J., Stevanovic R., Stieber J., Stockl D., Stocks T., Stokwiszewski J., Stoyanova E., Stratton G., Stronks K., Strufaldi M.W., Sturua L., Suarez-Medina R., Suka M., Sun C.-A., Sundstrom J., Sung Y.-T., Sunyer J., Suriyawongpaisal P., Swinburn B.A., Sy R.G., Syddall H.E., Sylva R.C., Szklo M., Szponar L., Tai E.S., Tammesoo M.-L., Tamosiunas A., Tan E.J., Tang X., Tanser F., Tao Y., Tarawneh M.R., Tarp J., Tarqui-Mamani C.B., Taxova Braunerova R., Taylor A., Taylor J., Tchibindat F., Tebar W.R., Tell G.S., Tello T., Thankappan K.R., Theobald H., Theodoridis X., Thijs L., Thomas N., Thuesen B.H., Ticha L., Timmermans E.J., Tjonneland A., Tolonen H.K., Tolstrup J.S., Topbas M., Topor-Madry R., Torheim L.E., Tormo M.J., Tornaritis M.J., Torrent M., Torres-Collado L., Toselli S., Traissac P., Tran T.T.-H., Trichopoulos D., Trichopoulou A., Trinh O.T., Trivedi A., Tshepo L., Tsigga M., Tsugane S., Tuliakova A.M., Tulloch-Reid M.K., Tullu F., Tuomainen T.-P., Tuomilehto J., Turley M.L., Tynelius P., Tzotzas T., Tzourio C., Ueda P., Ugel E., Ukoli F.A., Ulmer H., Unal B., Usupova Z., Uusitalo H.M., Uysal N., Vaitkeviciute J., Valdivia G., Vale S., Valvi D., van Dam R.M., Van der Heyden J., van der Schouw Y.T., Van Herck K., Van Minh H., van Valkengoed I.G., Vanderschueren D., Vanuzzo D., Varbo A., Varela-Moreiras G., Varona-Perez P., Vasan S.K., Vega T., Veidebaum T., Velasquez-Melendez G., Velika B., Veronesi G., Verschuren W.M., Victora C.G., Viegi G., Viet L., Villalpando S., Vineis P., Vioque J., Virtanen J.K., Visser M., Visvikis-Siest S., Viswanathan B., Vladulescu M., Vlasoff T., Vocanec D., Volzke H., Voutilainen A., Voutilainen S., Vrijheid M., Vrijkotte T.G., Wade A.N., Wagner A., Waldhor T., Walton J., Wambiya E.O., Wan Bebakar W.M., Wan Mohamud W.N., Wanderley Junior R.D.S., Wang M.-D., Wang N., Wang Q., Wang X., Wang Y.X., Wang Y.-W., Wannamethee S.G., Wareham N., Weber A., Wedderkopp N., Weerasekera D., Weghuber D., Wei W., Weres A., Werner B., Whincup P.H., Widhalm K., Widyahening I.S., Wiecek A., Wilks R.J., Willeit J., Willeit P., Williams J., Wilsgaard T., Wojtyniak B., Wong-McClure R.A., Wong A., Wong J.E., Wong T.Y., Woo J., Woodward M., Wu F.C., Wu J., Wu L.J., Wu S., Xu H., Xu L., Yaacob N.A., Yamborisut U., Yan W., Yang L., Yang X., Yang Y., Yardim N., Yaseri M., Yasuharu T., Ye X., Yiallouros P.K., Yoosefi M., Yoshihara A., You Q.S., You S.-L., Younger-Coleman N.O., Yusof S.M., Yusoff A.F., Zaccagni L., Zafiropulos V., Zakavi S.R., Zamani F., Zambon S., Zampelas A., Zamrazilova H., Zapata M.E., Zargar A.H., Zaw K.K., Zdrojewski T., Zeljkovic Vrkic T., Zeng Y., Zhang L., Zhang Z.-Y., Zhao D., Zhao M.-H., Zhao W., Zhen S., Zheng W., Zheng Y., Zholdin B., Zhou M., Zhu D., Zocalo Y., Zuniga Cisneros J., Zuziak M., and Ezzati M.
- Subjects
Male ,body-mass index ,ADULTHOOD ,Adolescents ,pituuskasvu ,Pediatrics ,Body Mass Index ,0302 clinical medicine ,Child Development ,nuoret ,Public health surveillance ,Medicine ,Health Status Indicators ,10. No inequality ,Child ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,Body mass index ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,education.field_of_study ,VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin, sosialmedisin: 801 ,General Medicine ,Body mass indexes ,kansainvälinen vertailu ,3. Good health ,Geography ,Health ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Child, Preschool ,Medical and Health sciences ,purl.org/becyt/ford/3 [https] ,medicine.medical_specialty ,School-aged adolescents ,Socio-culturale ,lapset (ikäryhmät) ,Nursing ,territories ,ravinto ,purl.org/becyt/ford/3.3 [https] ,03 medical and health sciences ,School Children ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS ,Humans ,school-aged children and adolescents ,Montenegro ,education ,Science & Technology ,Omvårdnad ,Health sciences, Medical and Health sciences ,Ciências médicas e da saúde ,Bayes Theorem ,Anthropometry ,Adolescent Development ,medicine.disease ,TRENDS ,Height and Body-mass Index ,Faculdade de Ciências Sociais ,UNDERNUTRITION ,Height index trajectories ,Height, body mass index, children , epidemiology ,risk factors, growth ,Stature ,Demography ,Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna ,Internationality ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Body-mass index trajectories ,Epidemiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,risk factors ,countries ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,height ,children ,adolescents ,BMI ,030212 general & internal medicine ,painoindeksi ,Child development ,2. Zero hunger ,Medicine(all) ,School age child ,obestity children cardiovascular ,Population Health ,1. No poverty ,Pediatrik ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health ,Pooled analysis ,NUTRITION ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,pooled analysis ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,terveys ,height, BMI, nutrition, health, children, adolescents ,Adolescent ,growth ,Population ,body-mass ,Population based ,Body-mass index ,Young Adult ,Medicine, General & Internal ,Meta-Analysis as Topic ,General & Internal Medicine ,parasitic diseases ,Weight gain ,School-aged childrens ,Age trajectories ,business.industry ,Height ,Weight ,Body Height ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Malnutrition ,ONSET ,Ciências da Saúde, Ciências médicas e da saúde ,School-aged children ,VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine, Social medicine: 801 ,business ,terveysriskit ,Estilos de Vida e Impacto na Saúde - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents., METHODS: For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence., FINDINGS: We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls., INTERPRETATION: The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks., Wellcome Trust, AstraZeneca Young Health Programme, EU., peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2020
13. Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
- Author
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Bixby, Honor, Bentham, James, Zhou, Bin, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Paciorek, Christopher J., Bennett, James E., Taddei, Cristina, Stevens, Gretchen A., Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M., Khang, Young-Ho, Soric, Maroje, Gregg, Edward W., Miranda, J. Jaime, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Savin, Stefan, Sophiea, Marisa K., Iurilli, Maria L. C., Solomon, Bethlehem D., Cowan, Melanie J., Riley, Leanne M., Danaei, Goodarz, Bovet, Pascal, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Hambleton, Ian R., Hayes, Alison J., Ikeda, Nayu, Kengne, Andre P., Laxmaiah, Avula, Li, Yanping, McGarvey, Stephen T., Mostafa, Aya, Neovius, Martin, Starc, Gregor, Zainuddin, Ahmad A., Abarca-Gomez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A., Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Ghaffar, Suhaila Abdul, Hamid, Zargar Abdul, Garba, Jamila Abubakar, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M., Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J., Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Agdeppa, Imelda A., Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadvand, Alireza, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Ajlouni, Kamel, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M., Ali, Mohamed M., Ali, Osman, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Al-Othman, Amani Rashed, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N., Amouyel, Philippe, Amuzu, Antoinette, Bo, Lars, Anderssen, Sigmund A., Angquist, Lars H., Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araujo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E., Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K., Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K., Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F., Aung, May Soe, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicova, Maria, Azevedo, Ana, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha V., Baharudin, Azli, Bahijri, Suhad, Baker, Jennifer L., Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, Jose R., Barbagallo, Carlo M., Barcelo, Alberto, Barkat, Amina, Barros, Aluisio J. D., Barros, Mauro V. G., Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M., Batista, Rosangela L., Battakova, Zhamilya, Batyrbek, Assembekov, Baur, Louise A., Beaglehole, Robert, Bel-Serrat, Silvia, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benedics, Judith, Benet, Mikhail, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bettiol, Heloisa, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bharadwaj, Sumit, Bhargava, Santosh K., Bi, Hongsheng, Bi, Yufang, Biehl, Anna, Lele, Elysee Claude Bika, Bikbov, Mukharram, Bista, Bihungum, Bjelica, Dusko J., Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B., Bjorkelund, Cecilia, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boddy, Lynne M., Boehm, Bernhard O., Boeing, Heiner, Boggia, Jose G., Boissonnet, Carlos P., Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bongard, Vanina, Bopp, Matthias, Borchini, Rossana, Borghs, Herman, Braeckevelt, Lien, Braeckman, Lutgart, Bragt, Marjolijn C. E., Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Breda, Joao, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M., Brian, Garry R., Brinduse, Lacramioara, Bruno, Graziella, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Bugge, Anna, Buoncristiano, Marta, Burazeri, Genc, Burns, Con, Cabrera de Leon, Antonio, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cai, Hui, Cama, Tilema, Cameron, Christine, Camolas, Jose, Can, Gamze, Can, Gunay, Candido, Ana Paula C., Canete, Felicia, Capanzana, Mario V., Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardoso, Viviane C., Carlsson, Axel C., Carmuega, Esteban, Carvalho, Maria J., Casanueva, Felipe F., Casas, Juan-Pablo, Caserta, Carmelo A., Celikcan, Ertugrul, Censi, Laura, Cesar, Juraci A., Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique W., Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K., Chaturvedi, Nishi, Rahim, Norsyamlina Che Abdul, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheng, Yiling J., Chetrit, Angela, Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Cho, Yumi, Christensen, Kaare, Christofaro, Diego G., Chudek, Jerzy, Cifkova, Renata, Cilia, Michelle, Cinteza, Eliza, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Concin, Hans, Confortin, Susana C., Cooper, Cyrus, Coppinger, Tara C., Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L., Crampin, Amelia C., Crujeiras, Ana B., Cruz, Juan J., Cucu, Alexandra, Cui, Liufu, Dallongeville, Jean, Damasceno, Albertino, Damsgaard, Camilla T., Dankner, Rachel, Dantoft, Thomas M., D'Arrigo, Graziella, Dasgupta, Parasmani, Dastgiri, Saeed, Dauchet, Luc, Davletov, Kairat, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Curtis, Amalia, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, de Oliveira, Paula Duarte, De Ridder, Karin, de Rooij, Susanne R., De Smedt, Delphine, Deepa, Mohan, Deev, Alexander D., Dehghan, Abbas, Delisle, Helene, Delpeuch, Francis, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valerie, Dhana, Klodian, Dhimal, Meghnath, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F., Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares, Diaz, Alejandro, Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Ha T. P., Dobson, Annette J., Donati, Maria Benedetta, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Donoso, Silvana P., Doering, Angela, Dorobantu, Maria, Dorosty, Ahmad Reza, d'Orsi, Eleonora, Doua, Kouamelan, Drygas, Wojciech, Duan, Jia Li, Duante, Charmaine A., Duda, Rosemary B., Duleva, Vesselka, Dulskiene, Virginija, Dumith, Samuel C., Dzerve, Vilnis, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eddie, Ricky, Egbagbe, Eruke E., Eggertsen, Robert, Eiben, Gabriele, Ekelund, Ulf, El Ati, Jalila, Eldemire-Shearer, Denise, Eliasen, Marie, Elliott, Paul, Engle-Stone, Reina, Erasmus, Rajiv T., Erem, Cihangir, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G., Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Fall, Caroline H., Sant'Angelo, Victoria Farrugia, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fattahi, Mohammad R., Felix-Redondo, Francisco J., Ferguson, Trevor S., Fernandes, Romulo A., Fernandez-Berges, Daniel, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrari, Marika, Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferrer, Eldridge, Ferrieres, Jean, Fijalkowska, Anna, Fink, Gunther, Fischer, Krista, Flores, Eric Monterubio, Foeger, Bernhard, Foo, Leng Huat, Forslund, Ann-Sofie, Forsner, Maria, Fouad, Heba M., Francis, Damian K., Franco, Maria do Carmo, Franco, Oscar H., Frontera-Juan, Guillem, Fuchs, Flavio D., Fuchs, Sandra C., Fujita, Yuki, Furusawa, Takuro, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Gafencu, Mihai, Galeone, Daniela, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Gareta, Dickman, Garnett, Sarah P., Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gates, Louise, Gazzinelli, Andrea, Geiger, Harald, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Ghanbari, Ali, Ghasemi, Erfan, Ghasemian, Anoosheh, Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina, Giampaoli, Simona, Gianfagna, Francesco, Gill, Tiffany K., Giovannelli, Jonathan, Gironella, Glen, Giwercman, Aleksander, Godos, Justyna, Gogen, Sibel, Goldsmith, Rebecca A., Goltzman, David, Goncalves, Helen, Gonzalez, Angel R., Gonzalez-Chica, David A., Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, Gonzalez-Leon, Margot, Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P., Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria-Elena, Gottrand, Frederic, Graca, Antonio Pedro, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dusan, Grajda, Aneta, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G., Gregor, Ronald D., Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grontved, Anders, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Gabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela, Gudmundsson, Elias F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Guerrero, Ramiro, Guessous, Idris, Guimaraes, Andre L., Gulliford, Martin C., Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gunter, Marc, Guo, Xiuhua, Guo, Yin, Gupta, Prakash C., Gupta, Rajeev, Gureje, Oye, Gurzkowska, Beata, Gutierrez, Laura, Gutzwiller, Felix, Hadaegh, Farzad, Hadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A., Haghshenas, Rosa, Halkjaer, Jytte, Hardy, Rebecca, Kumar, Rachakulla Hari, Hassapidou, Maria, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, He, Jiang, He, Yuna, Heidinger-Felso, Regina, Heinen, Mirjam, Hejgaard, Tatjana, Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth, Henriques, Ana, Hernandez Cadena, Leticia, Herrala, Sauli, Herrera, Victor M., Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle, Heshmat, Ramin, Hill, Allan G., Ho, Sai Yin, Ho, Suzanne C., Hobbs, Michael, Hofman, Albert, Hopman, Wilma M., Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R., Hormiga, Claudia M., Horta, Bernardo L., Houti, Leila, Howitt, Christina, Htay, Thein Thein, Htet, Aung Soe, Htike, Maung Maung Than, Hu, Yonghua, Huerta, Jose Maria, Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani, Petrescu, Constanta Huidumac, Huisman, Martijn, Husseini, Abdullatif, Chinh Nguyen Huu, Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla, Hyska, Jolanda, Iacoviello, Licia, Ibarluzea, Jesus M., Ibrahim, Mohsen M., Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim, Ikram, M. Arfan, Irazola, Vilma E., Ishida, Takafumi, Islam, Muhammad, Ismail, Aziz al-Safi, Ivkovic, Vanja, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jaaskelainen, Tuija, Jackson, Rod T., Jacobs, Jeremy M., Jaddou, Hashem, Jafar, Tazeen, James, Kenneth, Jamil, Kazi M., Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Janus, Edward, Jarani, Juel, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jelakovic, Ana, Jelakovic, Bojan, Jennings, Garry, Jeong, Seung-Lyeal, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Jimenez, Ramon O., Joffres, Michel, Johansson, Mattias, Jokelainen, Jari J., Jonas, Jost B., Jorgensen, Torben, Joshi, Pradeep, Jovic, Dragana P., Jozwiak, Jacek, Juolevi, Anne, Jurak, Gregor, Juresa, Vesna, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kafatos, Anthony, Kajantie, Eero O., Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kamaruddin, Nor Azmi, Kameli, Yves, Kapantais, Efthymios, Karki, Khem B., Kasaeian, Amir, Katibeh, Marzieh, Katz, Joanne, Katzmarzyk, Peter T., Kauhanen, Jussi, Kaur, Prabhdeep, Kavousi, Maryam, Kazakbaeva, Gyulli, Keil, Ulrich, Keinan-Boker, Lital, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kelleher, Cecily, Kemper, Han C. G., Kerimkulova, Alina, Kersting, Mathilde, Key, Timothy, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalili, Davood, Khateeb, Mohammad, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kheiri, Bahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Khouw, Ilse M. S. L., Kiechl, Stefan, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Killewo, Japhet, Kim, Jeongseon, Kim, Yeon-Yong, Klimont, Jeannette, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Koirala, Bhawesh, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, Koenig, Jurgen, Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Korzycka, Magdalena, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kovacs, Viktoria A., Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriemler, Susi, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krokstad, Steinar, Kromhout, Daan, Kruger, Herculina S., Kubinova, Ruzena, Kuciene, Renata, Kuh, Diana, Kujala, Urho M., Kujundzic, Enisa, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Kumar, R. Krishna, Kunesova, Marie, Kurjata, Pawel, Kusuma, Yadlapalli S., Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kyobutungi, Catherine, Quang Ngoc La, Laamiri, Fatima Zahra, Laatikainen, Tiina, Lachat, Carl, Laid, Youcef, Tai Hing Lam, Morovic, Maja Lang, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Larijani, Bagher, Latt, Tint Swe, Laugsand, Lars E., Lauria, Laura, Lazo-Porras, Maria, Khanh Le Nguyen Bao, Le Port, Agnes, Le, Tuyen D., Lee, Jeannette, Lee, Jeonghee, Lee, Paul H., Lehtimaki, Terho, Lemogoum, Daniel, Levitt, Naomi S., Lilly, Christa L., Lim, Wei-Yen, Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Linneberg, Allan, Lissner, Lauren, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Liu, Jing, Loit, Helle-Mai, Lopes, Luis, Lopez, Tania, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lorbeer, Roberto, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lozano, Jose Eugenio, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lunet, Nuno, Lytsy, Per, Ma, Guansheng, Ma, Jun, Machado-Coelho, George L. L., Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M., Machi, Suka, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J., Magriplis, Emmanuella, Maire, Bernard, Majer, Marjeta, Makdisse, Marcia, Malekzadeh, Fatemeh, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rahul, Malyutina, Sofia, Maniego, Lynell V., Manios, Yannis, Mann, Jim I., Manzato, Enzo, Margozzini, Paula, Markaki, Anastasia, Markey, Oonagh, Ioannidou, Eliza Markidou, Marques, Larissa Pruner, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Marrugat, Jaume, Martin, Rosemarie, Martin-Prevel, Yves, Martorell, Reynaldo, Martos, Eva, Marventano, Stefano, Masoodi, Shariq R., Mathiesen, Ellisiv B., Mathur, Prashant, Matijasevich, Alicia, Matsha, Tandi E., Mazur, Artur, Mbanya, Jean Claude N., McFarlane, Shelly R., Mckee, Martin, McLachlan, Stela, McLean, Rachael M., McLean, Scott B., McNulty, Breige A., Yusof, Safiah Md, Mediene-Benchekor, Sounnia, Medzioniene, Jurate, Mehdipour, Parinaz, Meirhaeghe, Aline, Meisfjord, Jorgen, Meisinger, Christa, Menezes, Ana Maria B., Menon, Geetha R., Mensink, Gert B. M., Mereke, Alibek, Meshram, Indrapal I., Metspalu, Andres, Meyer, Haakon E., Mi, Jie, Michaelsen, Kim F., Michels, Nathalie, Mikkel, Kairit, Miller, Jody C., Minderico, Claudia S., Francisco Miquel, Juan, Mirkopoulou, Daphne, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Misigoj-Durakovic, Marjeta, Mistretta, Antonio, Mocanu, Veronica, Modesti, Pietro A., Moghaddam, Sahar Saeeidi, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamed, Mostafa K., Mohammad, Kazem, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mohanna, Salim, Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd, Mohebi, Farnam, Moitry, Marie, Molbo, Drude, Mollehave, Line T., Moller, Niels C., Molnar, Denes, Momenan, Amirabbas, Mondo, Charles K., Monterrubio, Eric A., Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K., Moon, Jin Soo, Moreira, Leila B., Morejon, Alain, Moreno, Luis A., Morgan, Karen, Morin, Suzanne, Mortensen, Erik Lykke, Moschonis, George, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Mota, Jorge, Mota-Pinto, Anabela, Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel, Motta, Jorge, Msyamboza, Kelias P., Mu, Thet Thet, Muc, Magdalena, Mugosa, Boban, Muiesan, Maria Lorenza, Mukhtorova, Parvina, Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina, Murphy, Neil, Mursu, Jaakko, Murtagh, Elaine M., Milanovic, Sanja Music, Musil, Vera, Nabipour, Iraj, Naderimagham, Shohreh, Nagel, Gabriele, Naidu, Balkish M., Nakamura, Harunobu, Namesna, Jana, Nang, Ei Ei K., Nangia, Vinay B., Nankap, Martin, Narake, Sameer, Nardone, Paola, Nauck, Matthias, Navarrete-Munoz, Eva Maria, Neal, William A., Nelis, Keiu, Nelis, Liis, Nenko, Ilona, Nervi, Flavio, Nguyen, Chung T., Nguyen, Nguyen D., Quang Ngoc Nguyen, Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis E., Ning, Guang, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Nishtar, Sania, Noale, Marianna, Noboa, Oscar A., Norat, Teresa, Norie, Sawada, Noto, Davide, Al Nsour, Mohannad, Nurk, Eha, Nyirenda, Moffat, Obreja, Galina, Ochoa-Aviles, Angelica M., Oda, Eiji, Oh, Kyungwon, Ohara, Kumiko, Ohtsuka, Ryutaro, Olafsson, Orn, Anselmo Olinto, Maria Teresa, Oliveira, Isabel O., Oltarzewski, Maciej, Omar, Mohd Azahadi, Onat, Altan, O'Neill, Terence W., Ong, Sok King, Ono, Lariane M., Ordunez, Pedro, O'Reilly, Dermot, Ornelas, Rui, Ortiz, Ana P., Ortiz, Pedro J., Osler, Merete, Osmond, Clive, Ostojic, Sergej M., Ostovar, Afshin, Otero, Johanna A., Overvad, Kim, Owusu-Dabo, Ellis, Paccaud, Fred Michel, Padez, Cristina, Pagkalos, Ioannis, Pahomova, Elena, Pajak, Andrzej, Palli, Domenico, Palloni, Alberto, Palmieri, Luigi, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Arvind, Panza, Francesco, Papandreou, Dimitrios, Park, Soon-Woo, Parnell, Winsome R., Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Pascanu, Ionela M., Patel, Nikhil D., Pecin, Ivan, Pednekar, Mangesh S., Peer, Nasheeta, Peixoto, Sergio Viana, Peltonen, Markku, Pereira, Alexandre C., Perez, Cynthia M., Perez-Farinos, Napoleon, Peters, Annette, Petersmann, Astrid, Petkeviciene, Janina, Petrauskiene, Ausra, Peykari, Niloofar, Son Thai Pham, Pierannunzio, Daniela, Pigeot, Iris, Pikhart, Hynek, Pilav, Aida, Pilotto, Lorenza, Pistelli, Francesco, Pitakaka, Freda, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Plans-Rubio, Pedro, Poh, Bee Koon, Pohlabeln, Hermann, Pop, Raluca M., Popovic, Stevo R., Porta, Miquel, Portegies, Marileen L. P., Posch, Georg, Poulimeneas, Dimitrios, Pouraram, Hamed, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Price, Alison J., Price, Jacqueline F., Puder, Jardena J., Pudule, Iveta, Puhakka, Soile E., Puiu, Maria, Punab, Margus, Qasrawi, Radwan F., Qorbani, Mostafa, Tran Quoc Bao, Radhika, Madhari S., Radic, Ivana, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mahmudur, Raitakari, Olli, Raj, Manu, Rajkumar, Hemalatha, Rakhmatulloev, Sherali, Rao, Sudha Ramachandra, Ramachandran, Ambady, Ramke, Jacqueline, Ramos, Elisabete, Ramos, Rafel, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rampal, Sanjay, Rao, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna, Rascon-Pacheco, Ramon A., Rasmussen, Mette, Redon, Josep, Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M., Regecova, Valeria, Revilla, Luis, Ribas-Barba, Lourdes, Ribeiro, Robespierre, Riboli, Elio, Rigo, Fernando, Rinaldo, Natascia, de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke, Rito, Ana, Ritti-Dias, Raphael M., Rivera, Juan A., Robitaille, Cynthia, Rodrigues, Daniela, Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando, del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Maria, Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A., Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Rojroongwasinkul, Nipa, Romaguera, Dora, Rosengren, Annika, Rouse, Ian, Roy, Joel G. 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H., Stathopoulou M.G., Staub K., Stavreski B., Steene-Johannessen J., Stehle P., Stein A.D., Stergiou G.S., Stessman J., Stockl D., Stocks T., Stokwiszewski J., Stratton G., Stronks K., Strufaldi M.W., Sturua L., Suarez-Medina R., Sun C.-A., Sundstrom J., Sung Y.-T., Sunyer J., Suriyawongpaisal P., Swinburn B.A., Sy R.G., Sylva R.C., Szponar L., Tai E.S., Tammesoo M.-L., Tamosiunas A., Tan E.J., Tang X., Tanser F., Tao Y., Tarawneh M.R., Tarp J., Tarqui-Mamani C.B., TaxovaBraunerova R., Taylor A., Tchibindat F., Tebar W.R., Tell G., Tello T., Theobald H., Theodoridis X., Thijs L., Thuesen B.H., Ticha L., Timmermans E.J., Tjonneland A., Tolonen H.K., Tolstrup J.S., Topbas M., Topor-Madry R., Tormo M.J., Tornaritis M.J., Torrent M., Toselli S., Traissac P., Trichopoulos D., Trichopoulou A., Trinh O.T.H., Trivedi A., Tsao Y.-H., Tshepo L., Tsigga M., Tsugane S., Tulloch-Reid M.K., Tullu F., Tuomainen T.-P., Tuomilehto J., Turley M.L., Tynelius P., Tzotzas T., Tzourio C., Ueda P., Ugel E.E., Ukoli F.A.M., Ulmer H., Unal B., Uusitalo H.M.T., Vaitkeviciute J., Valdivia G., Vale S., Valvi D., van der Schouw Y.T., Van Herck K., Van Minh H., van Rossem L., Van Schoor N.M., van Valkengoed I.G.M., Vanderschueren D., Vanuzzo D., Varela-Moreiras G., Varona-Perez P., Vatten L., Vega T., Veidebaum T., Velasquez-Melendez G., Velika B., Veronesi G., Verschuren W.M.M., Victora C.G., Viegi G., Viet L., Vineis P., Vioque J., Virtanen J.K., Visser M., Visvikis-Siest S., Viswanathan B., Vlasoff T., Vollenweider P., Volzke H., Voutilainen A., Voutilainen S., Vrijheid M., Vrijkotte T.G.M., Wade A.N., Wagner A., Waldhor T., Walton J., WanBebakar W.M., WanMohamud W.N., Wanderley R.S., Wang M.-D., Wang Q., Wang X., Wang Y.X., Wang Y.-W., Wannamethee S.G., Wareham N., Weber A., Weerasekera D., Weghuber D., Wei W., Whincup P.H., Widhalm K., Widyahening I.S., Wiecek A., Wijga A.H., Wilks R.J., Willeit J., Willeit P., Wilsgaard T., Wojtyniak B., Wong J.E., Wong T.Y., Wong-McClure R.A., Woo J., Woodward M., Wu F.C., Wu J., Wu S., Xu H., Xu L., Yamborisut U., Yan W., Yang L., Yang X., Yang Y., Yardim N., Yaseri M., Ye X., Yiallouros P.K., Yngve A., Yoosefi M., Yoshihara A., You Q.S., You S.-L., Younger-Coleman N.O., Yusoff A.F., Zaccagni L., Zafiropulos V., Zamani F., Zambon S., Zampelas A., Zamrazilova H., Zapata M.E., Zaw K.K., Zdrojewski T., ZeljkovicVrkic T., Zeng Y., Zhao D., Zhao W., Zheng W., Zheng Y., Zholdin B., Zhou M., Zhu D., Zhussupov B., Zimmermann E., ZunigaCisneros J., Ezzati M., Bixby H, Bentham J, Zhou B, Di Cesare M, Paciorek CJ, Bennett JE, Taddei C, Stevens GA, Rodriguez-Martinez A, Carrillo-Larco RM, Khang Y-H, Sorić M, Gregg EW, Miranda JJ, Bhutta ZA, Savin S, Sophiea MK, Iurilli MLC, Solomon BD, Cowan MJ, Riley LM, Danaei G, Bovet P, Chirita-Emandi A, Hambleton IR, Hayes AJ, Ikeda N, Kengne AP, Laxmaiah A, Li Y, McGarvey ST, Mostafa A, Neovius M, Starc G, Zainuddin AA, Abarca-Gómez L, Abdeen ZA, Abdrakhmanova S, Abdul Ghaffar S, Abdul Hamid Z, Abubakar Garba J, Abu-Rmeileh NM, Acosta-Cazares B, Adams RJ, Aekplakorn W, Afsana K, Agdeppa IA, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Agyemang C, Ahmad MH, Ahmad NA, Ahmadi N, Ahmadvand A, Ahrens W, Ajlouni K, AlBuhairan F, AlDhukair S, Al-Hazzaa HM, Ali MM, Ali O, Alkerwi A, Al-Othman AR, Al-Raddadi R, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Aly E, Amarapurkar DN, Amouyel P, Amuzu A, Andersen LB, Anderssen SA, Ängquist LH, Anjana RM, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Aounallah-Skhiri H, Araújo J, Ariansen I, Aris T, Arku RE, Arlappa N, Aryal KK, Aspelund T, Assah FK, Assunção MCF, Aung MS, Auvinen J, Avdicová M, Azevedo A, Azizi F, Azmin M, Babu BV, Baharudin A, Bahijri S, Baker JL, Balakrishna N, Bamoshmoosh M, Banach M, Bandosz P, Banegas JR, Barbagallo CM, Barceló A, Barkat A, Barros AJD, Barros MVG, Bata I, Batieha AM, Batista RL, Battakova Z, Batyrbek A, Baur LA, Beaglehole R, Bel-Serrat S, Ben Romdhane H, Benedics J, Benet M, Berkinbayev S, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Bernotiene G, Bettiol H, Bhagyalaxmi A, Bharadwaj S, Bhargava SK, Bi H, Bi Y, Biehl A, Bika Lele EC, Bikbov M, Bista B, Bjelica DJ, Bjerregaard P, Bjertness E, Bjertness MB, Björkelund C, Blokstra A, Bo S, Bobak M, Boddy LM, Boehm BO, Boeing H, Boggia JG, Boissonnet CP, Bonaccio M, Bongard V, Bopp M, Borchini R, Borghs H, Braeckevelt L, Braeckman L, Bragt MCE, Brajkovich I, Branca F, Breckenkamp J, Breda J, Brenner H, Brewster LM, Brian GR, Brinduse L, Bruno G, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Bugge A, Buoncristiano M, Burazeri G, Burns C, Cabrera de León A, Cacciottolo J, Cai H, Cama T, Cameron C, Camolas J, Can G, Cândido APC, Cañete F, Capanzana MV, Capuano E, Capuano V, Cardoso VC, Carlsson AC, Carmuega E, Carvalho MJ, Casanueva FF, Casas J-P, Caserta CA, Celikcan E, Censi L, Cesar JA, Chamukuttan S, Chan AW, Chan Q, Chaturvedi HK, Chaturvedi N, Che Abdul Rahim N, Chen C-J, Chen F, Chen H, Chen S, Chen Z, Cheng C-Y, Cheng YJ, Chetrit A, Chikova-Iscener E, Chiolero A, Chiou S-T, Chirlaque M-D, Cho B, Cho Y, Christensen K, Christofaro DG, Chudek J, Cifkova R, Cilia M, 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Evans A, Faeh D, Fall CH, Farrugia Sant’Angelo V, Farzadfar F, Fattahi MR, Felix-Redondo FJ, Ferguson TS, Fernandes RA, Fernández-Bergés D, Ferrante D, Ferrari M, Ferreccio C, Ferrer E, Ferrieres J, Fijalkowska A, Fink G, Fischer K, Flores EM, Föger B, Foo LH, Forslund A-S, Forsner M, Fouad HM, Francis DK, Franco MC, Franco OH, Frontera G, Fuchs FD, Fuchs SC, Fujita Y, Furusawa T, Gaciong Z, Gafencu M, Galeone D, Galvano F, Gao J, Garcia-de-la-Hera M, Gareta D, Garnett SP, Gaspoz J-M, Gasull M, Gates L, Gazzinelli A, Geiger H, Geleijnse JM, Ghanbari A, Ghasemi E, Ghasemian A, Gheorghe-Fronea O-F, Giampaoli S, Gianfagna F, Gill TK, Giovannelli J, Gironella G, Giwercman A, Godos J, Gogen S, Goldsmith RA, Goltzman D, Gonçalves H, Gonzalez AR, Gonzalez-Chica DA, Gonzalez-Gross M, González-Leon M, González-Rivas JP, González-Villalpando M-E, Gottrand F, Graça AP, Graff-Iversen S, Grafnetter D, Grajda A, Grammatikopoulou MG, Gregor RD, Grodzicki T, Grøntved A, Grosso G, Gruden G, Gu D, 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Jasienska G, Jelakovic A, Jelakovic B, Jennings G, Jeong S-L, Jiang CQ, Jimenez RO, Joffres M, Johansson M, Jokelainen JJ, Jonas JB, Jørgensen T, Joshi P, Jovic DP, Józwiak J, Juolevi A, Jurak G, Juresa V, Kaaks R, Kafatos A, Kajantie EO, Kalter-Leibovici O, Kamaruddin NA, Kameli Y, Kapantais E, Karki KB, Kasaeian A, Katibeh M, Katz J, Katzmarzyk PT, Kauhanen J, Kaur P, Kavousi M, Kazakbaeva G, Keil U, Keinan-Boker L, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Kelishadi R, Kelleher C, Kemper HCG, Kerimkulova A, Kersting M, Key T, Khader YS, Khalili D, Khateeb M, Khaw K-T, Kheiri B, Khosravi A, Khouw IMSL, Kiechl S, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, Killewo J, Kim J, Kim Y-Y, Klimont J, Klumbiene J, Knoflach M, Koirala B, Kolle E, Kolsteren P, König J, Korpelainen R, Korrovits P, Korzycka M, Koskinen S, Kouda K, Kovacs VA, Kowlessur S, Koziel S, Kratzer W, Kriemler S, Kristensen PL, Krokstad S, Kromhout D, Kruger HS, Kubinova R, Kuciene R, Kuh D, Kujala UM, Kujundzic E, Kulaga Z, Kumar RK, Kunešová M, Kurjata P, Kusuma YS, Kuulasmaa K, Kyobutungi C, La QN, Laamiri FZ, Laatikainen T, Lachat C, Laid Y, Lam TH, Lang Morovic M, Lanska V, Lappas G, Larijani B, Latt TS, Laugsand LE, Lauria L, Lazo-Porras M, Le Nguyen Bao K, Le Port A, Le TD, Lee J, Lee PH, Lehtimäki T, Lemogoum D, Levitt NS, Lilly CL, Lim W-Y, Lima-Costa MF, Lin H-H, Lin X, Lind L, Linneberg A, Lissner L, Litwin M, Liu J, Loit H-M, Lopes L, Lopez T, López-García E, Lorbeer R, Lotufo PA, Lozano JE, Luksiene D, Lundqvist A, Lundqvist R, Lunet N, Lytsy P, Ma G, Ma J, Machado-Coelho GLL, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Machi S, Maggi S, Magliano DJ, Magriplis E, Maire B, Majer M, Makdisse M, Malekzadeh F, Malekzadeh R, Malhotra R, Malyutina S, Maniego LV, Manios Y, Mann JI, Manzato E, Margozzini P, Markaki A, Markey O, Markidou Ioannidou E, Marques LP, Marques-Vidal P, Marrugat J, Martin R, Martin-Prevel Y, Martorell R, Martos E, Marventano S, Masoodi SR, Mathiesen EB, Mathur P, Matijasevich A, Matsha TE, Mazur A, Mbanya JCN, McFarlane SR, McKee M, McLachlan S, McLean RM, McLean SB, McNulty BA, Md Yusof S, Mediene-Benchekor S, Medzioniene J, Mehdipour P, Meirhaeghe A, Meisfjord J, Meisinger C, Menezes AMB, Menon GR, Mensink GBM, Mereke A, Meshram II, Metspalu A, Meyer HE, Mi J, Michaelsen KF, Michels N, Mikkel K, Miller JC, Minderico CS, Miquel JF, Mirkopoulou D, Mirrakhimov E, Misigoj-Durakovic M, Mistretta A, Mocanu V, Modesti PA, Moghaddam SS, Mohajer B, Mohamed MK, Mohammad K, Mohammadifard N, Mohan V, Mohanna S, Mohd Yusoff MF, Mohebi F, Moitry M, Molbo D, Møllehave LT, Møller NC, Molnár D, Momenan A, Mondo CK, Monterrubio EA, Monyeki KDK, Moon JS, Moreira LB, Morejon A, Moreno LA, Morgan K, Morin S, Mortensen EL, Moschonis G, Mossakowska M, Mota J, Mota-Pinto A, Motlagh ME, Motta J, Msyamboza KP, Mu TT, Muc M, Mugoša B, Muiesan ML, Mukhtorova P, Müller-Nurasyid M, Murphy N, Mursu J, Murtagh EM, Milanovic SM, Musil V, Nabipour I, Naderimagham S, Nagel G, Naidu BM, Nakamura H, Námešná J, Nang EEK, Nangia VB, Nankap M, Narake S, Nardone P, Nauck M, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Neal WA, Nelis K, Nelis L, Nenko I, Nervi F, Nguyen CT, Nguyen ND, Nguyen QN, Nieto-Martínez RE, Ning G, Ninomiya T, Nishtar S, Noale M, Noboa OA, Norat T, Norie S, Noto D, Nsour MA, Nurk E, Nyirenda M, Obreja G, Ochoa-Avilés AM, Oda E, Oh K, Ohara K, Ohtsuka R, Olafsson Ö, Olinto MTA, Oliveira IO, Oltarzewski M, Omar MA, Onat A, O’Neill TW, Ong SK, Ono LM, Ordunez P, O’Reilly D, Ornelas R, Ortiz AP, Ortiz PJ, Osler M, Osmond C, Ostojic SM, Ostovar A, Otero JA, Overvad K, Owusu-Dabo E, Paccaud FM, Padez C, Pagkalos I, Pahomova E, Pająk A, Palli D, Palloni A, Palmieri L, Pan W-H, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Panza F, Papandreou D, Park S-W, Parnell WR, Parsaeian M, Pascanu IM, Patel ND, Pecin I, Pednekar MS, Peer N, Peixoto SV, Peltonen M, Pereira AC, Pérez CM, Perez-Farinos N, Peters A, Petersmann A, Petkeviciene J, Petrauskiene A, Peykari N, Pham ST, Pierannunzio D, Pigeot I, Pikhart H, Pilav A, Pilotto L, Pistelli F, Pitakaka F, Piwonska A, Plans-Rubió P, Poh BK, Pohlabeln H, Pop RM, Popovic SR, Porta M, Portegies MLP, Posch G, Poulimeneas D, Pouraram H, Pourshams A, Poustchi H, Pradeepa R, Price AJ, Price JF, Puder JJ, Pudule I, Puhakka SE, Puiu M, Punab M, Qasrawi RF, Qorbani M, Quoc Bao T, Radhika MS, Radic I, Radisauskas R, Rahman M, Raitakari O, Raj M, Rajkumar H, Rakhmatulloev S, Ramachandra Rao S, Ramachandran A, Ramke J, Ramos E, Ramos R, Rampal L, Rampal S, Rao KM, Rascon-Pacheco RA, Rasmussen M, Redon J, Reganit PFM, Regecová V, Revilla L, Ribas-Barba L, Ribeiro R, Riboli E, Rigo F, Rinaldo N, Rinke de Wit TF, Rito A, Ritti-Dias RM, Rivera JA, Robitaille C, Rodrigues D, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Rodriguez-Perez MC, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA, Rojas-Martinez R, Rojroongwasinkul N, Romaguera D, Rosengren A, Rouse I, Roy JGR, Rubinstein A, Rühli FJ, Ruidavets J-B, Ruiz Moreno E, Ruiz-Betancourt BS, Russo P, Rust P, Rutkowski M, Sabanayagam C, Sachdev HS, Safiri S, Saidi O, Salanave B, Salazar-Martinez E, Salmerón D, Salomaa V, Salonen JT, Salvetti M, Sánchez-Abanto J, Sandjaja, Sans S, Santa-Marina L, Santos DA, Santos IS, Santos O, Santos R, Sanz SS, Saramies JL, Sardinha LB, Sarrafzadegan N, Saum K-U, Savva S, Savy M, Scazufca M, Schaffrath Rosario A, Schargrodsky H, Schienkiewitz A, Schindler K, Schipf S, Schmidt CO, Schmidt IM, Schöttker B, Schultsz C, Schutte AE, Sebert S, Sein AA, Selamat R, Sember V, Sen A, Senbanjo IO, Sepanlou SG, Sequera V, Serra-Majem L, Servais J, Shalnova SA, Sharma SK, Shaw JE, Shengelia L, Shibuya K, Shimizu-Furusawa H, Shin DW, Shin Y, Siani A, Siantar R, Sibai AM, Silva AM, Silva DAS, Simon M, Simons J, Simons LA, Si-Ramlee K, Sjöberg A, Sjöström M, Slowikowska-Hilczer J, Slusarczyk P, Smeeth L, Snijder MB, So H-K, Sobngwi E, Söderberg S, Soekatri MYE, Soemantri A, Solfrizzi V, Sonestedt E, Song Y, Sørensen TIA, Sossa Jérome C, Soumaré A, Spinelli A, Spiroski I, Staessen JA, Stamm H, Stathopoulou MG, Staub K, Stavreski B, Steene-Johannessen J, Stehle P, Stein AD, Stergiou GS, Stessman J, Stöckl D, Stocks T, Stokwiszewski J, Stratton G, Stronks K, Strufaldi MW, Sturua L, Suárez-Medina R, Sun C-A, Sundström J, Sung Y-T, Sunyer J, Suriyawongpaisal P, Swinburn BA, Sy RG, Sylva RC, Szponar L, Tai ES, Tammesoo M-L, Tamosiunas A, Tan EJ, Tang X, Tanser F, Tao Y, Tarawneh MR, Tarp J, Tarqui-Mamani CB, Taxová Braunerová R, Taylor A, Tchibindat F, Tebar WR, Tell G, Tello T, Theobald H, Theodoridis X, Thijs L, Thuesen BH, Tichá L, Timmermans EJ, Tjonneland A, Tolonen HK, Tolstrup JS, Topbas M, Topór-Madry R, Tormo MJ, Tornaritis MJ, Torrent M, Toselli S, Traissac P, Trichopoulos D, Trichopoulou A, Trinh OTH, Trivedi A, Tsao Y-H, Tshepo L, Tsigga M, Tsugane S, Tulloch-Reid MK, Tullu F, Tuomainen T-P, Tuomilehto J, Turley ML, Tynelius P, Tzotzas T, Tzourio C, Ueda P, Ugel EE, Ukoli FAM, Ulmer H, Unal B, Uusitalo HMT, Vaitkeviciute J, Valdivia G, Vale S, Valvi D, van der Schouw YT, Van Herck K, Van Minh H, van Rossem L, Van Schoor NM, van Valkengoed IGM, Vanderschueren D, Vanuzzo D, Varela-Moreiras G, Varona-Pérez P, Vatten L, Vega T, Veidebaum T, Velasquez-Melendez G, Velika B, Veronesi G, Verschuren WMM, Victora CG, Viegi G, Viet L, Vineis P, Vioque J, Virtanen JK, Visser M, Visvikis-Siest S, Viswanathan B, Vlasoff T, Vollenweider P, Völzke H, Voutilainen A, Voutilainen S, Vrijheid M, Vrijkotte TGM, Wade AN, Wagner A, Waldhör T, Walton J, Wan Bebakar WM, Wan Mohamud WN, Wanderley RS, Jr, Wang M-D, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang YX, Wang Y-W, Wannamethee SG, Wareham N, Weber A, Weerasekera D, Weghuber D, Wei W, Whincup PH, Widhalm K, Widyahening IS, Wiecek A, Wijga AH, Wilks RJ, Willeit J, Willeit P, Wilsgaard T, Wojtyniak B, Wong JE, Wong TY, Wong-McClure RA, Woo J, Woodward M, Wu FC, Wu J, Wu S, Xu H, Xu L, Yamborisut U, Yan W, Yang L, Yang X, Yang Y, Yardim N, Yaseri M, Ye X, Yiallouros PK, Yngve A, Yoosefi M, Yoshihara A, You QS, You S-L, Younger-Coleman NO, Yusoff AF, Zaccagni L, Zafiropulos V, Zamani F, Zambon S, Zampelas A, Zamrazilová H, Zapata ME, Zaw KK, Zdrojewski T, Zeljkovic Vrkic T, Zeng Y, Zhao D, Zhao W, Zheng W, Zheng Y, Zholdin B, Zhou M, Zhu D, Zhussupov B, Zimmermann E, Zuñiga Cisneros J, Ezzati M, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K. [0000-0002-8339-9285], APH - Societal Participation & Health, APH - Aging & Later Life, Epidemiology and Data Science, Public and occupational health, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, and APH - Personalized Medicine
- Subjects
Male ,Rural Population ,obesity ,Obesity, body mass index ,Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna ,Letter ,Urban Population ,Epidemiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,humanos ,body-mass index ,adolescente ,Geographic Mapping ,Sex Factor ,países desarrollados ,Rural Health ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.09 [https] ,systematic analysis ,Body Mass Index ,países en desarrollo ,80 and over ,risk factors ,Age Factor ,physical-activity ,mediana edad ,mapeo geográfico ,Aged, 80 and over ,anciano ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.18 [https] ,dieta ,Age Factors ,health ,adulto ,Middle Aged ,Multidisciplinary Sciences ,adulto joven ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,estado nutricional ,nutrition ,Science & Technology - Other Topics ,NUTRITION ,Female ,HEALTH ,pooled analysis ,Diet, Healthy ,worldwide trends ,Human ,Developed Countrie ,Adult ,Adolescent ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.04 [https] ,FOOD SYSTEM ,Socio-culturale ,Nutritional Status ,URBAN ,Aged ,Developed Countries ,Developing Countries ,Humans ,Obesity ,Sex Factors ,Urban Health ,Young Adult ,POOLED ANALYSIS ,Developing Countrie ,MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES ,SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS ,Urban rural Obesity Body-Mass-Index ,obesidad ,Middle-income countries ,food system ,urban ,weight ,Healthy ,Science & Technology ,índice de masa corporal ,Diet ,PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY ,WORLDWIDE TRENDS ,Risk factors ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,WEIGHT - Abstract
Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories., This study was funded by the Wellcome Trust. H.B. was supported by a Medical Research Council Doctoral Training Partnership Studentship, J.B. by a Royal Society Research Grant, and M.D.C. by an Academy of Medical Sciences Springboard Award. We thank L. Jaacks, B. Popkin, S. Sundberg and W. Willett for recommendations of relevant citations. The authors are responsible for the views expressed in this Letter and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated.
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- 2019
14. The relationship between adolescent obesity and pelvis dimensions in adulthood: a retrospective longitudinal study.
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Novak JM, Bruzek J, Zamrazilova H, Vankova M, Hill M, and Sedlak P
- Abstract
Background: The effect of fat tissue on a developing individual is fundamentally different from the effect on an adult. Several changes caused by obesity during sexual maturation have an irreversible and severe negative effect (lower fertility, reduced final height, type 2 diabetes mellitus) even for those who have subsequently lost weight. Our study was focused on monitoring the skeletal structure substantially influenced by sex hormones-the pelvis. The adult pelvis is strongly sexually dimorphic, which is not the case for the juvenile pelvis; skeletal differences between sexes are not so prominent and start to manifest with the onset of puberty. Evidence from animal models and case studies of treatment of gender dysphoria suggests that estrogens have a stimulatory effect on the growth plates present on the pelvis, leading to morphological change. Male obesity, especially in puberty, is connected with hypogonadism, manifesting in low levels of testosterone, and high levels of estrogens. The goal of our study was to evaluate the influence of obesity during adolescence on the morphology of the adult pelvis in the context of androgen and estrogen status., Sample and Methods: Our sample consists of 238 individuals (144 females, 94 males) observed after an 8 year follow-up (mean age during enrollment 15.2 years, follow-up 23.3 years). Anthropometry and body composition using bioimpedance analysis (BIA) were obtained. During the follow-up, saliva samples from male participants were also collected to estimate testosterone and estradiol levels using the salivary ELISA kit (Salimetrics LLC, State College, PA, USA)., Results: The body fat (percentage of body fat estimated using BIA) was strongly positively associated with relative pelvic breadths in adulthood (males r = 0.64; females r = 0.56, both with p < 0.001). Adulthood pelvic breadth was a highly sensitive (0.81) and specific (0.74) retrospective marker of obesity during adolescence. The complex regression model (with reduction of dimensionality) including testosterone, estradiol to testosterone ratio and body fat (adolescent and adulthood) was able to describe 54.8% variability of pelvic breadth among males., Discussion: We observed that adults with a history of obesity from adolescence tend to have a wider dimension of the bony pelvis in adulthood. Based on the parameters of the adult pelvis, the history of obesity can be determined with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity (<70%). One of the explanations for this observation can be the influence of relatively elevated estrogens levels connected with excessive adiposity leading to a wider pelvis. However, the biomechanical stress connected with elevated body mass also has to be considered, as does the influence of physical activity and gait pattern on the skeletal build., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2020 Novak et al.)
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- 2020
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15. Cardiometabolic Health in Obese Adolescents Is Related to Length of Obesity Exposure: A Pilot Study.
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Zamrazilova H, Weiss R, Hainer V, and Aldhoon-Hainerová I
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- Adolescent, Age of Onset, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases metabolism, Case-Control Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Life Style, Male, Metabolic Diseases epidemiology, Metabolic Diseases metabolism, Obesity, Metabolically Benign epidemiology, Pediatric Obesity epidemiology, Pilot Projects, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Obesity, Metabolically Benign metabolism, Pediatric Obesity metabolism
- Abstract
Context: Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) is found in a subset of obese individuals., Objective: This study sought to examine possible determinants of MHO related to the length of exposure to obesity, lifestyle factors, and dietary intake in adolescent boys., Design: This was a cross-sectional Childhood Obesity Prevalence And Treatment study. Participants and Main Measures: Of 313 boys age 13.0-17.9 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 97th percentile for age, two study cohorts were established based on two definitions of metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). Cohort 1 included 18 boys with at least three risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, dysglycemia) who were matched for age, weight, height, and BMI with 18 boys with MHO. Cohort 2 included 35 boys with at least two risk factors who were compared with 31 boys with MHO. MHO was defined by the absence of cardiometabolic risk factors (excluding waist). Data on lifestyle factors and BMI growth trajectories were compared (MHO vs MUO)., Results: Boys with MUO (Cohort 1) presented with an earlier onset (4.3 vs 9.1 y; P = .005) and a longer duration of obesity (11.2 vs 6.4 y; P = .003) compared with those with MHO in both group comparisons using different MUO definitions. We found an overall trend toward higher BMI z scores (significant from 3-7 y; P < .001) in metabolically unhealthy compared with their healthy counterparts (Cohort 1). Boys with MHO had higher carbohydrate intake (P < .001). No additional determinants of MHO were observed., Conclusions: Increased cardiometabolic risk in boys is related to an earlier onset and a longer duration of obesity.
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- 2016
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