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By using the constructivism! teaching theory to replace the old traditional ideas of education, we designed innovative experiments and practiced teaching content reform to meet the needs of undergraduate student. The design took needs of students development as the starting point and goal. The innovation experimental program took the educational concept centered by students and the core to be personnel training. The program included the optimization of the core curriculums, experimental design and developing direction of discipline. According to our teaching practice, and combining factors which effect experiment teaching, the paper clarified the innovative experiment practice project mode, developed a number of experiments to meet differential needs of undergraduate students in experimental teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Approaches to reduce N2O emission from crop ecosystems deserves urgent need for climate change mitigation in world agriculture. Yet, unique ecological measures to depress N emission while conserving crop productivity have not yet been well developed for wide ranges of crop ecosystems. In order to establish an ecological engineering option to mitigate N2O emission in rice ecosystems, we conducted a field experiment with biochar amendment on N2O emission from rice paddies in three sites across South China in 2010. This experiment was performed with 6 treatments of biochar rates of 0, 20, and 40tha−1 with and without N fertilization respectively. The rice ecosystem was managed with conventional crop production practices as seasonally man-managed wetlands, which were under flooding after seedling transplantation till panicling and drainage during spiking followed by a subsequent moist condition (F-D-M) till harvest across sites. Emission of N2O from rice soil was monitored with closed chambers at 7 days interval throughout the whole rice growing season (WRGS) and the gas samples analyzed with a gas chromatograph (Agilent 7890D) equipped with an electron capture detector (ECD). Total emission of N2O-N ranged from 1.5kgN2O-Nha−1 to 1.9kgN2O-Nha−1 without biochar, and from 0.8kgN2O-Nha−1 to 1.3kgN2O-Nha−1 and from 0.7kgN2O-Nha−1 to 0.9kgN2O-Nha−1 with biochar amendment at 20tha−1 and 40tha−1, respectively. Thus, biochar amendment depressed total N2O emission from chemical N fertilizer, as the calculated EF of N2O-N emission was reduced from 0.57±0.15% under chemical N fertilizer only to 0.36±0.08% and 0.22±0.04% under biochar amendment at 20tha−1 and 40tha−1 respectively. The value under biochar amendment at 40tha−1 was found even much smaller than that of a continuously flooding rice ecosystem. As soil pH (H2O), content of soil organic carbon and total N were all upraised significantly, biochar amendment improved rice ecosystem functioning by decreasing N2O-N emission per metric ton of rice production from 0.17±0.02kgN2O-N without biochar to 0.10±0.02 and 0.07±0.03kgN2O-N under biochar respectively at 20tha−1 and 40tha−1. Thus, soil amendment of biochar from crop straw could be adopted as a unique ecological engineering measure to reduce N2O emission while enhancing soil fertility and sustaining rice productivity in rice ecosystems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The stable HBV-transfected cell lines, which based on stable integration of replication-competent HBV genome into hepatic cells, are widely used in basic research and antiviral drug evaluation against HBV. However, previous reported strategies to generate HBV-replicating cell lines, which primarily rely on random integration of exogenous DNA by plasmid transfection, are inefficient and time-consuming. We newly developed an all-in-one Sleeping Beauty transposon system (denoted pTSMP-HBV vector) for robust generation of stable HBV-replicating cell lines of different genotype. The pTSMP-HBV vector contains HBV 1.3-copy genome and dual selection markers (mCherry and puromycin resistance gene), allowing rapid enrichment of stably-transfected cells via red fluorescence-activated cell sorting and puromycin antibiotic selection. In this protocol, we described the detailed procedure for constructing the HBV-replicating stable cells and systematically evaluating HBV replication and viral protein expression profiles of these cells., (Copyright © 2018 The Authors; exclusive licensee Bio-protocol LLC.)

Objective: To investigate the diversify of the nuclear pathway of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNK) during transient brain ischemia/reperfusion injury in hippocampal neuron apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and to test whether the neuroprotection of curcumine on transient brain ischemia/reperfusion injury in SHR is related to the nuclear pathway of JNK., Methods: Male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and SHR were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6): WKY sham group (W-Sham), WKY ischemia/reperfusion group (W-I/ R), SHR sham group (S-Sham), SHR ischemia/reperfusion group (S-I/R) and SHR curcumine (a chinese traditional medicine)100 mg/kg treatment group (S-Cur), which were sacrificed at 2 h, 6 h, 24 h, 3 d and 7 d after reperfusion. Global brain ischemic model was established by 4-VO method. The TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was used to detect the neuron apoptosis in hippocampal CA1 region. The immunohistochemical method was applied to investigate the expressions of c-jun and c-fos in hippocampal CA1 region., Results: The expressions of apoptosis and c-jun and c-fos in CA1 region in S-Sham group, W-I/R group and S-I/R group were more than those in W-Sham group (P < 0.05), were significantly increased in S-I/R group than those in W-I/R group (P < 0.05), and were significantly decreased in S-Cur group than those in S-I/R group (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Neuronal apoptosis and the expressions of c-jun and c-fos are more in SHR hippocampal. Global brain ischemia/reperfusion injury induces more expressions of apoptosis in hippocampal neuron in SHR, and the more expressions of c-jun and c-fos may participate in that process. The neuroprotection of curcumine in SHR is related to c-jun and c-fos.

A metsulfuron-methyl-resistant yeast strain, JHL(T), was isolated from metsulfuron-methyl-contaminated soil collected in Jiangsu Province, China. Through morphological and physiological analysis as well as a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the 26S rRNA gene D1/D2 region and internal transcribed spacer (ITS), this strain, which forms a clade with Candida vartiovaarae and a teleomorphic species, Williopsis saturnus, was revealed to represent a novel species in the genus Candida. The name Candida mengyuniae sp. nov. (type strain JHL(T)=CGMCC 2.3681(T)=CBS 10845(T)) is proposed for this novel species.