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Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik kronis yang masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan global. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018 menunjukkan bahwa DKI Jakarta merupakan wilayah dengan prevalensi DM tertinggi. Oleh karena itu, upaya edukasi masyarakat diperlukan demi mencegah sekaligus mengendalikan perburukan penyakit kronis ini. Di kelurahan Johar Baru, edukasi berkala terkait diabetes telah dilakukan rutin dalam grup prolanis DM dengan tenaga kesehatan di puskesmas. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan untuk memperkuat pemahaman penderita DM tentang pengelolaan penyakitnya khususnya pada saat menjalankan ibadah puasa Ramadhan. Penyuluhan dilaksanakan secara daring bagi masyarakat umum dan warga Johar Baru dengan tema “Tepat Kelola Gula Kala Puasa”. Hasil Survei singkat 84 orang peserta yang mengikuti penyuluhan menunjukkan mayoritas peserta adalah perempuan (n=73 orang; 86,91%). Diantara peserta, 70 orang tanpa riwayat DM, namun ingin memperdalam informasi mengenai DM. Sebanyak 14 orang yang memiliki DM, 6 orang diantaranya telah terdiagnosis lebih dari 5 tahun yang lalu. Topik diskusi yang dibahas dalam kegiatan penyuluhan adalah terkait pola makan dan skrining sebelum puasa, waktu yang tepat minum obat, dan resiko hipoglikemia.

Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria that causes dental caries, so it is necessary to intervene with preventive products such as mouthwash that has the antibacterial ability. The development of mouthwash can be done by adding active substances derived from local plant materials to increase the ability of the product, one of which is manalagi apple peel. Apples contain several substances that are known to have good benefits for dental and oral health. This situation has become the basis for researchers to develop health products, namely mouthwash or mouthwash. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-bacterial effect of the apple peel extract mouthwash formulation against Streptococcus mutans. This type of research is experimental research. The study design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The mouthwash tested in this study consisted of mouthwash A (negative control: mouthwash without extract), mouthwash B (12.5% extract), mouthwash C (25% extract), and mouthwash D (50% extract). ) and mouthwash E (positive control: one of the mouthwash products from the market). The results showed that the average inhibition was M(A) 8 mm, M(B) 8 mm, M(C) 14.67 mm, M(D) 13.27, and M(D) 8 mm. The results of the analysis of the difference in antibacterial ability between mouthwashes showed a value of -value = 0.008 0.05. The study concluded that there was a significant difference in the antibacterial ability of S. mutans between mouthwash A, B, C, D, and E.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-nCoV-2) the cause of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first discovered in Wuhan on December 2019, has spread throughout the world. Each country tries to develop treatment protocol guidelines following the latest research developments to increase the cure rate due to the absence of standard guidelines.The purpose of this research is to knowing the profile of prescribing COVID-19 drug therapy in inpatients at jakarta haji hospital the period September 2020-February 2021. This research is non-experimental with quantitative descriptive study design was taken retrospectively using secondary data in the form of prescription data history of COVID-19 patient visits recorded on the system with sampling techniques that is total sampling. The results showed that in total 387 COVID-19 patients the most were 46-65 years oldwith 198 patients and the mostly malewith 212 patients. The longest duration of treatment was 3-10 days as many as 246 patients and the highest degree of disease was mild to moderate as many as 363 patients The most widely prescribed drugs were Paracetamol (84.37%), Dexamethasone (78.4%), Osetalmivir (74.1%), Heparin (67.81%), Alprazolam (60.27%), Acetylsitein (58 ,12%), Insulin (54.93%), CTM (53.13%), Amlodipine 50.43%, Vitamin C (48.04%), Levofloxacin (35.48%), and Omeprazole (31.98 %). COVID-19 patients at the Jakarta Haji Hospital receive the main therapies, namely vitamins, antibiotics, antivirals, respiratory drugs, gastrointestinal drugs. The suitability of prescribing drug therapy classes based on the guidelines for the management of COVID-19 is 83% and those that are not in accordance with the guidelines are 27%.

Influence of Nanopaticle CaCO3 Addition to the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene-CaCO3 Composite. This research was carried out to study the effect of adding CaCO3 nanoparticle on the physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene-CaCO3 composites. It was characterized by several parameters such as tensile strength, hardness, and thermal analysis including both melting point and heat of fusion using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Based on XRD results, the particle size of CaCO3 after 24 hours of milling was 39 nm. There are various compositions of polypropylene-CaCO3 composites (PP MF35: nano-CaCO3) made in this study, namely 40%:60%, 35%:65%, 30%:70%, and 25%:75%. The results showed that the tensile strength of the PP MF35-CaCO3 composites decreased with increasing nano-CaCO3 content. Meanwhile, the hardness of the nanocomposites increased with increasing nano-CaCO3 content, but decreased the melting point and heat of fusions (ΔHm) of the nanocomposites. The infrared spectrum showed that the interaction between PP MF35 and nano-CaCO3 was only physical interaction and there was no chemical reaction.

According to data from Riskesdas 2018 there was an increase in the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia from 25.8% in 2013 to 34.1% in 2018. Inadequacy in taking medicine is one of the factor contributed. This research discusses the importance of the application of taking medication alarms for consultation taking medication and hypertension patients' blood pressure. The study was conducted using a quasi-experimental two group pretest posttest design. Observed data are the level of adherence and blood pressure. The study was conducted at 2 Banjarmasin Puskesmas. Data collection collected in the period August - October 2019. Research data were obtained by filling in the MARS questionnaire, while blood pressure data was taken from medical records. This study involved 25 samples each in the control and intervention groups. The intervention given was in the form of installing medication alarm in sample smartphone. The Wilcoxon Test to determine differences in the average category of level of adherence, and blood pressure samples at the beginning and end of the study. In the pre study 100% of the sample intervention group were at moderate medication adherence rates and in the post study it changed to 40% at moderate medication adherence levels and 60% at high medication adherence levels. Statistical test results show a significant increase in medication adherence. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group also experienced a significant decrease (p

Penelitian mengenai optimasi konsentrasi katalis CaO dari cangkang kerang hijau (Perna viridis) dalam reaksitransesterifikasi minyak biji karet (Hevea braziliensis) telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkankonsentrasi katalis CaO optimum pada karakteristik metil ester yang dihasilkan, yaitu densitas (40 oC), viskositaskinematik (40 oC), dan bilangan asam. Katalis CaO diperoleh dari kalsinasi cangkang kerang hijau selama 4 jampada suhu 1000 ï‚°C dan dikarakterisasi dengan XRD. Ekstraksi minyak biji karet dilakukan dengan metode sokletasimenggunakan pelarut n-heksana selama 7,5 jam yang dilanjutkan dengan proses degumming menggunakan 2,5%(b/b sampel) H3PO4 pekat. Pra-esterifikasi dengan perbandingan massa minyak:metanol 1:3 menggunakan 0,5%(b/b sampel) H2SO4 pekat pada suhu 65 oC. Transesterifikasi dengan perbandingan massa minyak:metanol 1:4menggunakan katalis CaO dengan konsentrasi 2,5; 5,0; 7,5; 10,0; dan 12,5 % (b/b sampel) pada suhu 65 oC. Hasilpenelitian menunjukan konsentrasi optimum katalis CaO adalah 5,0% dengan karakteristik metil ester yaitu nilaidensitas (40 oC) 0,8832 g/mL, viskositas kinematik (40 oC) 5,22 mm2/s, dan bilangan asam 1,42 mg KOH/g sampel.Analisa GC-MS pada kondisi optimum menunjukan komposisi terbesar metil ester yang dihasilkan adalah metiloktadekenoat, metil heksadekanoat, dan metil stearat. Research on optimizing the concentration of CaO catalyst from green mussel shell (Perna viridis) in the transesterification reaction of rubber seed oil (Hevea braziliensis) has been conducted. This research aims to obtain the optimum concentration of CaO catalyst on the characteristics of methyl esters produced, which are density (40oC), kinematic viscosity (40 oC), and acid numbers. CaO catalysts were obtained from calcination of green mussel shells for 4 hours at 1000 oC and characterized by XRD. Rubber seed oil extraction was carried out using the socletation method using n-hexane solvent for 7.5 hours followed by a degumming process using 2.5% (w/w sample) of concentrated H3PO4. Pre-esterification with 1:3 oil:methanol mass ratio using 0.5% (w/w sample) concentrated H2SO4 at 65 oC. Transesterification with 1:4 oil:methanol mass ratio using CaO catalyst with concentration of 2.5; 5.0; 7.5; 10.0; and 12.5% (w/w sample) at 65 oC. The results showed that the optimum concentration of CaO catalyst was 5.0% with the characteristics of methyl ester namely density value (40 oC) 0.8832 g/mL, kinematic viscosity (40 oC) 5.22 mm2/s, and acid number 1,42 mg KOH/g sample. GC-MS analysis at optimum conditions shows the largest composition of methyl esters produced is methyl octadecenoate, methyl hexadecanoate, and methyl stearate.

This study aim is to know the effect of silica composition on the absorption of electromagnetic waves in the composite of unsaturated polyester resins (UPR)/silica. Silica raw materials have been synthesized from the results of rice husk ash extraction. The results of the analysis phase and elementary respective using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) show that the extraction of silica has an amorphous phase with a high purity. This silica powders are filler material acts as an electromagnetic waves absorber material and combined with the UPR as a matrix to form a composite. Silica powder varied with several compositions in this composite. The observation of scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that the silica particles have been distributed evenly in the UPR matrix. Meanwhile the results of testing the absorption of electromagnetic waves at frequency range of 8 GHz - 12 GHz using a vector network analyzer (VNA) show that the addition of silica composition have significant effect on the absorption of electromagnetic waves. The more the silica content in the UPR matrix causes the absorption of electromagnetic waves more increasing. It was concluded that the presence of silica can improve the absorption performance of electromagnetic waves in composite UPR/silica. Keywords: rice husk ash, silica, UPR, composites, electromagnetic wave absorber

Sebagian besar kalangan ibu rumah tangga masih minim mengenal beberapa jenis bumbu dapur sebagai obat tradisional yang memiliki kandungan zat aktif bersifat imunostimulan. Penduduk Pademangan Barat salah satu wilayah yang mempunyai kasus terbanyak COVID-19 di wilayah DKI Jakarta serta nilai kesehatan relatif rendah dibanding kelurahan lain. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bertujuan memberikan pelatihan bumbu dapur sebagai obat tradisional dan menjadi alternatif minuman berbasis herbal instan dan sehat pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penyuluhan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat oleh dosen dan mahasiswa Jurusan Farmasi Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta 2 meliputi pelatihan pengenalan bumbu dapur sebagai minuman herbal serta pengolahan serbuk jahe dan temulawak berkarbonasi sebagai alternatif minuman kesehatan. Hasil kegiatan dan pelatihan ini memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mengenai pembuatan serbuk instan jahe dan temulawak berkarbonasi kepada mitra kelompok kader PKK, pengelola RPTRA serta warga kelurahan Pademangan Barat. Kegiatan pengadian masyarakat diharapkan meningkatkan derajat kesehatan dan perekonomian masyarakat di Kelurahan Pademangan Barat Jakarta Utara

Pewarna Eosin Y telah berhasil diuji kapasitas serta persen adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben silika gel, karbon aktif dan komposit silika gel APTES-karbon aktif dari bahan alam. Penentuan optimasi pH dan kontak waktu menunjukkan bahwa ketiga adsorben berada pada pH optimum dan waktu kontak masing-masing sebesar 4 dan 30 menit. Penentuan model isotherm adsorpsi eosin Y terhadap komposit silika gel termodifikasi APTES-karbon aktif mengikuti isotherm adsorpsi Langmuir dengan kapasitas adsorpsi dan konstanta Langmuir masing-masing sebesar 21,28 mg g-1 dan 0,165.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara beban kognitif dengan pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi hidrolisis garam. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MIA 1, XI MIA 6 dan XI MIA 7 di SMAN 2 Cibinong sebanyak 96 orang. Penelitian dilaksanakan berdasarkan permasalahan kemampuan seseorang dalam menerima dan mengolah informasi yang melebihi kemampuan kapasitas memori kerja yang dimiliki akan menimbulkan beban kognitif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelasional. Beban kognitif siswa pada materi hidrolisis garam tergolong tinggi. Hasil uji hipotesis dengan Spearman Rank diperoleh hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara pemahaman konsep dengan beban kognitif siswa, sehingga dapat disimpulkan semakin tinggi beban kognitif maka akan semakin rendah pemahaman konsep siswa. Kata kunci: Beban kognitif, hidrolisis garam, pemahaman konsep, This purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between cognitive load and understanding students' concepts in salt hydrolysis material. The subjects were 96 students of class XI MIA 1, XI MIA 6 and XI MIA 7 at SMAN 2 Cibinong. Research conducted based on the problem of a person's ability to receive and process information that exceeds the required memory capacity will increase cognitive load. The method used in this study is descriptive correlational. The results of the hypothesis with Spearman Rank obtained a significant negative relationship for salt hydrolysis material, so it can be concluded that low cognitive load will generate a high understanding of concepts. Keywords: Cognitive load, concept understanding, hydrolysis of the salt

This study was aimed to develop students’ conceptual understanding in material “electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution” using 8E Learning Cycle model. The study involved 36 students in 10th grader of Math and Science Studies senior high school in Jakarta. Data collection techniques used was interview, concept understanding test, reflective journal and students’ worksheet. Based on the research, the result shows that by using 8E Learning Cycle model , the students’ understanding toward the concepts in sub-material of the solution characteristics and the nature of the solution are increased. Referring to the graph, students’ concept understanding increased to 96% in the sub-material of the characteristics of the solution. Besides, the students’ understanding toward sub-material of the nature of solution increased to 80%. The biggest misconception occurs at the explore stage, this is caused by the students initial knowledge. Students are able to group the electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions correctly based on the ionization of the solution, but the students are not able to connect the electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions to the type of bond. In learning process, 8E learning cycle model is not only used as instrumental in developing students' concepts understanding, but also this model plays a role in developing the students’ communication skill and collaboration skill in chemistry learning. Keywords 8E learning cycle model, conceptual understanding, electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi larutan elektrolit dan non-elektrolit menggunakan model pembelajaran 8E Learning Cycle. Subjek penelitian adalah 36 siswa kelas X MIA. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, tes pemahaman konsep, observasi, reflektif jurnal dan lembar kerja siswa. Berdasarkan penelitian, siswa selama mengikuti model pembelajaran 8E learning cycle mengalami pengembangan pemahaman konsep pada sub-materi karakteristik larutan dan sifat larutan. Berdasarkan grafik, pemahaman konsep siswa meningkat sampai 96% di sub-materi karakteristik larutan dan di sub-materi sifat larutan pemahaman siswa meningkat sampai 80%. Miskonsepsi terbesar terjadi pada tahap explore, karena siswa masih menggunakan pengetahuan awalnya. Siswa dapat mengelompokkan dengan benar larutan elektrolit dan non-elektrolit berdasarkan daya ionisasi larutan, namun siswa masih belum bisa menghubungkan larutan elektrolit dan non-elektrolit dengan jenis ikatannya. Model pembelajaran 8E learning cycle, selain berperan dalam mengembangkan pemahaman konsep siswa, model ini juga berperan mengembangkan keterampilan komunikasi dan berkolaborasi dalam pembelajaran kimia. Kata kunci Model pembelajaran 8E learning cycle, pemahaman konsep, larutan elektrolit dan non elektrolit &nbsp

Pada penelitian ini adsorben komposit silika mesopori dan karbon aktif dibuat untuk mengadsorpsi zat warna direct black 38. Silika mesopori dibuat dari abu sekam padi dan karbon aktif dibuat dari tempurung kelapa. Silika direaksikan dengan NaOH menjadi larutan natrium silikat lalu direaksikan dengan PEG yang selanjutnya PEG diekstraksi secara solvotermal sehingga menghasilkan produk silika mesopori dengan luas permukaan dan pori yang lebih besar. Silika mesopori diproses menjadi komposit dengan karbon aktif yang telah diaktivasi sebelumnya dengan larutan ZnCl2. Kandungan dari komposit silika mesopori/karbon aktif ditunjukkan melalui hasil analisis SEM bahwa komposit hasil sintesis menunjukkan penyebaran karbon dan silika terlihat pada morfologi komposit. Hasil analisis EDX menunjukan komponen penyusun komposit yaitu 38,6% karbon; 46,8% oksigen dan 14,6% silika. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kondisi optimum yang diperlukan untuk adsorpsi direct black 38 dengan komposit silika mesopori/karbon aktif yaitu pH 2 dan waktu optimum 30 menit. Adsorpsi direct black 38 oleh komposit silika mesopori/karbon aktif mengikuti isoterm adsorpsi Langmuir. Oleh karena itu, adsorpsi yang terjadi membentuk lapisan monolayer dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 68,493 mg g-1 Kata kunci: abu sekam padi, adsorpsi, karbon aktif, komposit, PEG, silika mesopori Abstract In this research, mesopore silica/activated carbon composite adsorbent was formed for dye adsorption direct black 38. The mesopore silica was from rice husk ash and activated carbon was from coconut shell. This rice husk ash is processed into sodium silicate solution and the solution was hybrid with PEG. Then PEG was extracted with solvotermal method to produce a higher surface area of mesopore silica. The mesopore silica was processed into composite with activated carbon that has been activated by ZnCl2 solution. The mesopore silica/activated carbon composite was analysed by SEM and showed the distribution of carbon, silica and oxygen as composite morphology. The EDX analysis showed that the composite contains of 46.8% carbon; 3.6% oxygen and 14.6% silica. The results showed that the optimum condition required for the adsorption of direct black 38 dye with mesopore silica/activated carbon composite pH was 2 and the optimum contact time was 30 minutes. Adsorption of direct black 38 by mesopore silica/activated carbon composite followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm and formed a monolayer layer with adsorption capacity 68.493 mg g-1. Keywords: activated carbon, adsorption, composite, mesopore silica, PEG, rice husk ash Abstrak Pada penelitian ini adsorben komposit silika mesopori dan karbon aktif dibuat untuk mengadsorpsi zat warna direct black 38. Silika mesopori dibuat dari abu sekam padi dan karbon aktif dibuat dari tempurung kelapa. Silika direaksikan dengan NaOH menjadi larutan natrium silikat lalu direaksikan dengan PEG yang selanjutnya PEG diekstraksi secara solvotermal sehingga menghasilkan produk silika mesopori dengan luas permukaan dan pori yang lebih besar. Silika mesopori diproses menjadi komposit dengan karbon aktif yang telah diaktivasi sebelumnya dengan larutan ZnCl2. Kandungan dari komposit silika mesopori/karbon aktif ditunjukkan melalui hasil analisis SEM bahwa komposit hasil sintesis menunjukkan penyebaran karbon dan silika terlihat pada morfologi komposit. Hasil analisis EDX menunjukan komponen penyusun komposit yaitu 38,6% karbon; 46,8% oksigen dan 14,6% silika. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kondisi optimum yang diperlukan untuk adsorpsi direct black 38 dengan komposit silika mesopori/karbon aktif yaitu pH 2 dan waktu optimum 30 menit. Adsorpsi direct black 38 oleh komposit silika mesopori/karbon aktif mengikuti isoterm adsorpsi Langmuir. Oleh karena itu, adsorpsi yang terjadi membentuk lapisan monolayer dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 68,493 mg g-1 Kata kunci: abu sekam padi, adsorpsi, karbon aktif, komposit, PEG, silika mesopori Abstract In this research, mesopore silica/activated carbon composite adsorbent was formed for dye adsorption direct black 38. The mesopore silica was from rice husk ash and activated carbon was from coconut shell. This rice husk ash is processed into sodium silicate solution and the solution was hybrid with PEG. Then PEG was extracted with solvotermal method to produce a higher surface area of mesopore silica. The mesopore silica was processed into composite with activated carbon that has been activated by ZnCl2 solution. The mesopore silica/activated carbon composite was analysed by SEM and showed the distribution of carbon, silica and oxygen as composite morphology. The EDX analysis showed that the composite contains of 46.8% carbon; 3.6% oxygen and 14.6% silica. The results showed that the optimum condition required for the adsorption of direct black 38 dye with mesopore silica/activated carbon composite pH was 2 and the optimum contact time was 30 minutes. Adsorption of direct black 38 by mesopore silica/activated carbon composite followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm and formed a monolayer layer with adsorption capacity 68.493 mg g-1. Keywords: activated carbon, adsorption, composite, mesopore silica, PEG, rice husk ash

Tuberculosis/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (TB/HIV) co-infection has poorer treatment outcome compared to non-co-infected patients. To benefit from therapy and to avoid contracting treatment-resistant strains, the individuals must adherent to medications. There is limited information regarding successful TB treatment outcomes and their associated factors. Thus, the study was designed to identify medication adherence associated with treatment outcomes among TB/HIV Patients at Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital. This research was an observational study with retrospective approach from January 2015 to December 2017 by taking data from medical records and TB-01 form of TB/HIV patients in the outpatient clinic of the disease which would be used as a sample. Regarding compliance in treatment with first visit for 2-4 months, an approach using secondary data which were TB-01 Form, as well as HIV Care and Antiretroviral Therapy summary forms was used. The statistical analysis used was the bivariate analysis with the chi-square test as the statistical test. A total of 114 patients were included in the study. The outcome of treatment success obtained from this study had a patient cure rate of 91.30%. There is a significant relationship between medication adherence to successful tuberculosis treatment outcome with p-value= 0.012; OR= 5.684. There is a meaningful relation between medication compliance with treatment outcome. It is when on medication adherence, the treatment results can be declared cured in accordance with predetermined criteria, while when not on medication adherence, the treatment results are not declared cured.

The aim of this study is to synthesize mesoporous silica composites with activated carbon by utilizing rice husk waste and coconut shell as adsorbent to absorbs methyl orange dyes. Rice husk ash was hybridized with PEG into silica-PEG, then PEG was released by solvothermal extraction using DMG (dimethyl sulfoxide) as solvent to obtain mesopore silica. Composites are formed by homogenizing mesoporous silica and activated carbon with methanol. Composites were successfully synthesized based on SEM-EDX data which showed the distribution of carbon, silica and oxygen in surface morphology with content of 76.99%, 5.08% and 17.93% respectively. The results showed that the adsorption of composite adsorbent reached the adsorption capacity of 0,470 mg.g-1 in a pH 2 solution with 30 minutes of contact time. The occurrence of methyl orange adsorption is monolayer because it matches the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation.

Anticipating the global trends of biodegradable plastic and its application to packaging industries, this study was conducted to prepare a seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) based biodegradable plastic blended with polysaccharides derived from various tropical fruit seeds which are abundantly available in Indonesia such as avocado, jack fruits and durian. The objective is to prepare an environmentally friendly and edible bioplastic. The various polysaccharides were obtained through extraction and the bioplastic blends were heated at 80°C for 30 minutes. The characterization conducted include mechanical properties, thermal and biodegradability analysis, spectral and surface analysis through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) respectively.

The aim of this research is to (1) make a Mobile Media Learning on Acid and Base and to determine the quality of the media produced, (2) determine the feasibility of the media used in learning process. The subjects of this research were students of 54 Senior High School Jakarta, 42 Senior High School Jakarta, and 7 chemistry teachers. The research was conducted from January to May 2018. The method used in this research is Design-Based Research. The steps performed in this research are: (1) needs analysis, (2) developing mobile learning, (3) validation test of mobile learning media, (4) media testing by students and small scale of teachers, (5) media trials by students and teachers on a large scale. The results obtained from expert validation tests, small class trials, large class trials, and effectiveness of the media, it can be concluded that the mobile media learning developed in this research is good enough to use in the learning process. The n-gain value obtained from the effectiveness test is 0.76 which can be categorized as high effectiveness, based on the Paired t-test the Tcount value is 28.048. The paired t-test value is Tcount>Ttable (2.03), so it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between pre-test score and post-test score. That difference means that there is improvement in students average score after using the mobile media learning.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui soft skills peserta didik pada pembelajaan materi redoks dan tata nama senyawa kimia dengan model flipped classroom-collaborative learning. Penelitian dilakukan di salah satu SMA Negeri di Jakarta dengan 36 peserta didik kelas X sebagai subyek penelitian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan instrumen wawancara, lembar observasi, reflektif jurnal, catatan lapangan, kuesioner serta tes hasil belajar. Flipped classroom-collaborative learning adalah model pembelajaran dimana peserta didik mempelajari materi pelajaran di luar kelas melalui video pembelajaran, dan kegiatan belajar di dalam kelas dilakukan dengan pembelajaran kolaboratif yang menekankan pada aktivitas peserta didik dalam kelompok, meliputi kerja sama, sharing knowledge, mengkonstruksi pemahaman bersama, dan bertanggung jawab terhadap kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan soft skills peserta didik yang muncul meliputi keterampilan komunikasi, keterampilan kolaborasi dan literasi teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK). Penerapan model flipped classroom-collaborative learning memberikan kemudahan bagi peserta didik untuk memahami materi pelajaran di dalam maupun di luar kelas, mereview materi pelajaran, membantu peserta didik yang pasif, dan dapat digunakan sebagai panduan dalam mengerjakan tugas serta mempersiapkan tes. Selain itu, model pembelajaran ini juga berdampak positif terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik. Kata kunci : Flipped classroom, Collaborative learning, Soft skills, Redoks, This study aims to find out students' soft skills in the flipped classroom-collaborative learning model on Redox topic. The study was conducted at ane of public senior high schools in Jakarta with 36 students of class X as the research subjects. The research method used is the qualitative method with data collecting through the interview, observation, reflective journal, field notes, questionnaires and learning outcomes tests. Flipped classroom-collaborative learning is a learning model in which students learn subject matter outside the classroom through video of learning, and learning activities in the classroom are carried out with collaborative learning that emphasizes the activities of students in groups, including collaboration, knowledge sharing, constructing shared understanding, and is responsible for the group. The results of the study show that the emerging soft skills of students consist of communication skills, collaboration skills and information and communication technology literacy (ICT). The implementation of the flipped classroom-collaborative learning model makes it easy for students to understand the subject matter inside and outside the classroom, review subject matter, help passive students, and can be used as a guide in doing assignments and preparing tests. Besides, this learning model also has a positive impact on student learning outcomes. Keywords: Flipped classroom, Collaborative learning, Soft skills, Redox

In this study, modified silica (3-Amynopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) synthesis and adsorption test of MB dye were performed. Silica is synthesized by sol-gel method and modified with APTES. APTES modified silica is characterized using several instruments, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), surface area analyzer (SAA) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The composite has a large surface area and has a mesoporous shape. At alkaline pH, MB dye can adsorb well. In addition, MB absorption is also maximized with the longer time of adsorption. The APTES modified silica adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm pattern. Thus, APTES modified silica can be used as an alternative to environmentally friendly and low-cost adsorbents.

Nikel ferit (NiFe2O4) termasuk adsorben magnetik yang baik untuk polutan organik dan anorganik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan nikel ferit dalam mengadsorpsi amonia dalam air akuarium budidaya ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio). Nikel ferit disintesis dengan menggunakan metode hidrotermal. Pola difraksi XRD dan spektrum FTIR mengonfirmasi terbentuknya senyawa NiFe2O4. Hasil karakterisasi SAA menunjukkan NiFe2O4 memiliki tipe isoterm adsorpsi tipe IV (mesopori), dengan luas permukaan Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) sebesar 18,6431 m²/g. Hasil karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan bentuk morfologi dari NiFe2O4 adalah bulat dan homogen. Data EDX menunjukkan bahwa unsur Ni, Fe dan O sebagai komponen penyusun utama bagi NiFe2O4. Nikel ferit hasil sintesis digunakan sebagai adsorben NH3 dalam air akuarium dan mampu mengadsorpsi NH3 sebesar 0,26 mg/L dengan efisiensi 96% dalam waktu 3 jam. Model kinetika yang sesuai untuk adsorpsi NH3 dalam air akuarium terhadap NiFe2O4 adalah model kinetika orde kedua semu dengan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2 = 0,9835), yang menunjukkan bahwa proses adsorpsi antara NH3 dalam air akuarium dengan NiFe2O4 adalah adsorpsi secara kimia. Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) is one of the good magnetic adsorbents for organic and inorganic pollutants. The aim of this study is to find out the ability of nickel ferrite to adsorb ammonia in aquarium water for goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) cultivation. Nickel ferrite was synthesized using hydrothermal method. XRD diffraction pattern and FTIR spectra confirmed the formation of NiFe2O4 compounds. The results of SAA characterization showed that NiFe2O4 has adsorption isotherm type-IV (mesoporous), with the surface area of ​​Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET) 18.6431 m²/g. The results of SEM characterization show that the morfology form of NiFe2O4 are spherical and homogeneous. EDX data showed that Ni, Fe and O as the main component for NiFe2O4. The synthesized nickel ferrite was then used as NH3 adsorbent in aquarium water and able to adsorb NH3 equal to 0.26 mg/L with efficiency 96% in 3 hours. Kinetics model suitable for the adsorption NH3 in aquarium water toward NiFe2O4 is a pseudo-second-order with the value of determination coefficient is (R2 = 0.9835), which shows that the adsorption process between NH3 in aquarium water and NiFe2O4 is chemisorption.

Pada penelitian ini dibuat adsorben silika termodifikasi APTS yang disintesis menggunakan bahan dasar sekam padi. Abu sekam padi ini diolah sedemikian rupa menjadi larutan natrium silikat hingga menghasilkan produk silika gel. Silika gel kemudian dimodifikasi secara kimia dengan reagen 3-aminopropiltrietoksisilan (APTS) sehingga menghasilkan silika termodifikasi APTS. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan bahwa silika termodifikasi APTS mengandung serapan gugus fungsi amino (-NH2), silanol (Si-OH), siloksana (Si-O-Si), dan rantai alifatik (-CH2-). Kandungan dari silika termodifikasi APTS yang ditunjukkan melalui hasil analisis EDX juga menunjukkan bahwa produk memiliki persentase massa masing-masing atom 35.26% silika, 48.47% oksigen, dan 16.27% nitrogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH optimum yang diperlukan untuk adsorpsi ion Cu(II) dengan silika termodifikasi APTS adalah 4.0 dan konsentrasi optimum sebesar 100 mg/L. Adsorpsi ion Cu(II) oleh silika termodifikasi APTS mengikuti isoterma adsorpsi Langmuir dengan nilai qmaks sebesar 48.36 mg/g. Dengan demikian adsorpsi terjadi secara kimia dengan membentuk lapisan monolayer. APTS modified silica adsorbent which has been synthesized, using rice hull ash as a raw material. This rice hull ash was carried out to sodium silicate which will be produced to silica gel product. Silica gel was modified with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APTS) so that produced APTS modified silica. FTIR data indicated APTS modified silica showed the presence of amine (-NH2), silanol (Si-OH), siloxane (Si-O-Si) groups, and aliphatic chains (-CH2-). Contents of APTS modified silica were determined by EDX which had 35.26% silica, 48.47% oxygen, and 16.27% nitrogen. Research results showed that a pH value is 4.0 which is favorable for copper adsorption and optimum concentration value is 100 mg/L Cu(II). Adsorption process of Copper(II) ion by APTS modified silica followed Langmuir isotherm with qmaks 48.36 mg/g. Therefore adsorption happened chemically with monolayer.Key words: APTS modified silica, sol-gel, rice hull ash, adsorption, copper.

Besi bervalensi nol (ZVI) telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan ekstrak kulit pisang kepok sebagai reduktor alami. Analisis terhadap karakteristik ZVI hasil sintesis berupa ukuran, kristalinitas dan morfologi telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, particle size analyzer (PSA), X-ray difractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), dan fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR). Pengukuran konsentrasi Fe2+ yang bereaksi dengan ekstrak yang digunakan divariasikan terhadap waktu, yaitu: 0 jam, 3 jam, 24 jam, 48 jam dan 144 jam. Konsentrasi Fe2+ yang bereaksi dengan polifenol terbesar terjadi ketika waktu reaksi 3 jam, yaitu 110.465,22 ppm. Waktu reaksi 1 jam menghasilkan distribusi ukuran partikel yang paling rendah, yaitu Dv 10 = 383,93 nm; Dv 50 = 537,17 nm; dan Dv 90 = 851,36 nm dengan polydispersity Index (PDI) sebesar 0,1240. Difrasi sinar-X menunjukkan ZVI hasil sintesis merupakan amorf yang terdiri dari fasa iron dan magnetite dengan presentase masing-masing berturut-turut 17,5 % dan 82,5%.Kata Kunci: Besi Bervalensi Nol (ZVI), Reduksi Garam Besi, Polifenol, Waktu Reaksi, Dv, PDI, Aglomerasi. Zero valent iron (ZVI) has been synthesized using banana peel extracts. Characterization of the obtained ZVI was carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, particle size analyzer (PSA), X-ray difractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR). Measurement of the concentration of Fe2+ reacted with the used extracts varied with respect to time, namely 0 hours, 3 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 144 hours. The concentration of Fe2+ which reacts with the largest polyphenols occur when reaction time of 3 hours, ie 110,465.22 ppm. Reaction time of 1 hour to produce a particle size distribution of the lowest, ie Dv 10 = 383.93 nm; Dv 50 = 537.17 nm; and Dv 90 = 851.36 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.1240. X-ray diffraction showed that synthesized ZVI is an amorphous phase consisting of iron and magnetite with the percentage of each respectively 17.5% and 82.5%.Keywords: Zero Valent Iron (ZVI), Reduction of Iron Salt, Polyphenols, Time Reaction, Dv, PDI, Agglomeration

In this research, silica gel composite modified adsorbents were made with APTES and activated carbon. Silica gel comes from rice husk and activated carbon comes from coconut shell. This rice husk ash is processed in such a way as a sodium silicate solution to produce a silica gel product. The silica gel was then mixed with 3-aminopropylsylatedoxylic reagent (APTES) and activated carbon previously with ZnCl 2 solution and processed into composite. Characterization of composite synthesis using FTIR spectroscopy shows uptake of N-H, silanol (Si-OH), siloxane (Si-O-Si), and C-H bonds. The content of the silica gel composite modified by APTES and activated carbon is indicated through EDX analysis results that the composite of the synthesis has a mass percentage of each atom of 32.92% carbon, 25.88% nitrogen, 26.04% oxygen, and 15.16% silica. The results showed that the optimum pH required for the adsorption of Cd (II) ions with silica gel composite was modified with APTES and the activated carbon was 5.0 and the optimum contact time was 30 minutes. Adsorption of Cd (II) ions by silica gel composites was modified by APTES and activated carbon followed Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Therefore, adsorption occurs forming a heterogeneous monolayer layer. Keywords rice husk ash, silica gel, APTES, activated carbon, composite, adsorption

This study aims to determine the effect of Sorghum and Poly lactic acid (PLA) on the plastic characteristics that can be seen from tensile strength, water resistance, and biodegradability. The method used blending (mixing) sorghum seed starch, PLA, glycerol, acetic acid, and maleic anhydride. From the results of infrared spectrum analysis on the visible plastic peak area 2250-2300 cm-1 which indicates the absorption of carbon dioxide. This plastic has an optimum water resistance of 92.76% in the ratio of Pati 0.6g: PLA 2.6g. The optimum tensile test results in a comparison of 0.2g starch: PLA 3g with a value of 10.58 Mpa. Optimum biodegradation test results in starch ratio of 0.6g: PLA 2.6g of 13.61%. From the data obtained can be concluded the optimum biodegradation and water endurance test on the ratio of starch 0.6g: PLA 2.6g. Keyword: Seaweed starch, PLA, glycerol, maleic anhydrous, biodegraded plastic

Silica was extracted from rice husk ash, and then applied as a filler in Unsaturated polyester/silica(UP/SiO2) composite. The aim of this rpicle were artesearch to know the characteristic of silica and it uses as a filler in composite by tensile strength test. The size variation of silica were 60, 100, 230 and 400 mesh, while variation of silica concentration (% w/w) were 0.5%, 1 %, 1.5 % and 2 %. The analysis concluded that variation of particle size and concentration of silica were reduce the tensile strength of composite Key word: silica, composite, tensile strength

Aim: Since culture method is time-consuming and has low sensitivity, we developed a duplex PCR (dPCR) assay for the detection of Legionella sp. and L. pneumophila in cooling tower samples. We used culture method as a gold standard.Methods: Optimization of dPCR method was performed to obtain an assay with high sensitivity and specifi city. The optimized method was used to detect Legionella sp. dan L. pneumophila in 9 samples obtained from 9 buildings in Jakarta. For culture method, the bacteria were grown or isolated on selective growth factor supplemented-buffered charcoal yeast extract (BCYE) media.Results: Of 9 samples tested by dPCR assay, 6 were positive for Legionella species,1 was positive for L. pneumophila, and 2 showed negative results. For the same samples, no Legionella sp. was detected by the culture method.Conclusion: dPCR assay was much more sensitive than the culture method and was potentially used as a rapid, specifi c and sensitive test for routine detection of Legionella sp. dan for L. pneumophila in water samples. (Med J Indones 2010; 19:223-7)Keywords: BCYE media, mip gene, 16S-rRNA gene

In this study to investigate the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane or Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) that were synthesized by using acrilonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). In order to enhance ability as a proton conductive polymer membrane as electrolyte, amorphous and crystalline silica ( 3 % and 5 %) were added to the initial mixture of ABS to inhibit relatively high proton conductivity. The structural and morphological characterization of samples was done by X-ray powder diffractometer, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy. Electrical properties were determined by LCR-meter (HIOKI 3522-50LCR HiTESTER). The structure analysis shows that the ABS amorphous phase with the unsmoth surface. The electrical conductivity of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane is 4,21 x10-3 S/cm of ABS with 5 % amorphous silica.