161 results on '"Yuming Luo"'
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2. An HGF‐dependent positive feedback loop between bladder cancer cells and fibroblasts mediates lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis
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Yuting Li, Hanhao Zheng, Yuming Luo, Yan Lin, Mingjie An, Yao Kong, Yue Zhao, Yina Yin, Le Ai, Jian Huang, and Changhao Chen
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bladder cancer ,Cancer‐associated fibroblasts ,extracellular vesicles ,HGF ,lymphangiogenesis ,lymph node metastasis ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a vital role in facilitating tumor progression through extensive reciprocal interplay with cancer cells. Tumor‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the critical mediators involved in the crosstalk between cancer cells and stromal cells, contributing to the metastasis of cancers. Yet, the biological mechanisms of tumor‐derived EVs in triggering CAFs phenotype to stimulate the lymph node (LN) metastasis of bladder cancer (BCa) are largely unknown. Here, we aimed to explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of tumor‐derived EV‐mediated CAFs phenotype in regulating BCa LN metastasis. Methods The high‐throughput sequencing was utilized to identify the crucial long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) associated with CAF enrichment in BCa. The functional role of the transition of fibroblasts to CAFs induced by LINC00665‐mediated EVs was investigated through the in vitro and in vivo assays. Chromatin isolation by RNA purification assays, fluorescence resonance energy transfer assays, cytokine profiling and patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model were performed to explore the underlying mechanism of LINC00665 in the LN metastasis of BCa. Results We found that CAFs are widely enriched in the tumor microenvironment of BCa, which correlated with BCa lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis. We then identified a CAF‐associated long non‐coding RNA, LINC00665, which acted as a crucial mediator of CAF infiltration in BCa. Clinically, LINC00665 was associated with LN metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with BCa. Mechanistically, LINC00665 transcriptionally upregulated RAB27B expression and induced H3K4me3 modification on the promoter of RAB27B through the recruitment of hnRNPL. Moreover, RAB27B‐induced EVs secretion endowed fibroblasts with the CAF phenotype, which reciprocally induced LINC00665 overexpression to form a RAB27B‐HGF‐c‐Myc positive feedback loop, enhancing the lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of BCa. Importantly, we demonstrated that blocking EV‐transmitted LINC00665 or HGF broke this loop and impaired BCa lymphangiogenesis in a PDX model. Conclusion Our study uncovers a precise mechanism that LINC00665 sustains BCa LN metastasis by inducing a RAB27B‐HGF‐c‐Myc positive feedback loop between BCa cells and fibroblasts, suggesting that LINC00665 could be a promising therapeutic target for patients with LN metastatic BCa.
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- 2023
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3. SUMOylation-triggered ALIX activation modulates extracellular vesicles circTLCD4-RWDD3 to promote lymphatic metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer
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Xiayao Diao, Chao Guo, Hanhao Zheng, Ke Zhao, Yuming Luo, Mingjie An, Yan Lin, Jiancheng Chen, Yuanlong Li, Yuting Li, Xuehan Gao, Jiaqi Zhang, Mengxin Zhou, Wenliang Bai, Lei Liu, Guige Wang, Lanjun Zhang, Xiaotian He, Rusi Zhang, Zhihua Li, Changhao Chen, and Shanqing Li
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Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract Lymph node (LN) metastasis is one of the predominant metastatic routes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is considered as a leading cause for the unsatisfactory prognosis of patients. Although lymphangiogenesis is well-recognized as a crucial process in mediating LN metastasis, the regulatory mechanism involving lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis in NSCLC remains unclear. In this study, we employed high-throughput sequencing to identify a novel circular RNA (circRNA), circTLCD4-RWDD3, which was significantly upregulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs) from LN metastatic NSCLC and was positively associated with deteriorated OS and DFS of patients with NSCLC from multicenter clinical cohort. Downregulating the expression of EV-packaged circTLCD4-RWDD3 inhibited lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of NSCLC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, circTLCD4-RWDD3 physically interacted with hnRNPA2B1 and mediated the SUMO2 modification at K108 residue of hnRNPA2B1 by upregulating UBC9. Subsequently, circTLCD4-RWDD3-induced SUMOylated hnRNPA2B1 was recognized by the SUMO interaction motif (SIM) of ALIX and activated ALIX to recruit ESCRT-III, thereby facilitating the sorting of circTLCD4-RWDD3 into NSCLC cell-derived EVs. Moreover, EV-packaged circTLCD4-RWDD3 was internalized by lymphatic endothelial cells to activate the transcription of PROX1, resulting in the lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of NSCLC. Importantly, blocking EV-mediated transmission of circTLCD4-RWDD3 via mutating SIM in ALIX or K108 residue of hnRNPA2B1 inhibited the lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of NSCLC in vivo. Our findings reveal a precise mechanism underlying SUMOylated hnRNPA2B1-induced EV packaging of circTLCD4-RWDD3 in facilitating LN metastasis of NSCLC, suggesting that EV-packaged circTLCD4-RWDD3 could be a potential therapeutic target against LN metastatic NSCLC.
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- 2023
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4. Extracellular vesicle-packaged circBIRC6 from cancer-associated fibroblasts induce platinum resistance via SUMOylation modulation in pancreatic cancer
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Shangyou Zheng, Qing Tian, Yuan Yuan, Shuxin Sun, Tingting Li, Renpeng Xia, Rihua He, Yuming Luo, Qing Lin, Zhiqiang Fu, Yu Zhou, Rufu Chen, and Chonghui Hu
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Extracellular vesicles ,Cancer-associated fibroblasts ,Circular RNAs ,Non-homologous end joining ,SUMOylation ,Oxaliplatin resistance. ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play pivotal roles in chemoresistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Revealing the cross-talk network between tumor stroma and pancreatic cancer and developing effective strategies against oxaliplatin resistance are highly desired in the clinic. Methods High-throughput sequence was used to screened the key circRNAs transmitted by extracellular vesicles (EVs) from CAFs to pancreatic cancer cells. The associations between EV-packaged circBIRC6 and chemotherapy responsiveness were validated in a cohort of 82 cases of advanced PDAC patients. Then, the effects of EV-packaged circBIRC6 on CAF-induced oxaliplatin resistance were investigated by flow cytometry, colony formation, viability of pancreatic cancer organoids in vitro and by xenograft models in vivo. RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation, and sites mutation assays were used to reveal the underlying mechanism. Results We identified a circRNA, circBIRC6, is significantly upregulated in CAF-derived EVs and is positively associated with oxaliplatin-based chemoresistance. In vitro and in vivo functional assays showed that CAF-derived EV-packaged circBIRC6 enhance oxaliplatin resistance of pancreatic cancer cells and organoids via regulating the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) dependent DNA repair. Mechanistically, circBIRC6 directly binds with XRCC4 and enhanced the interaction of XRCC4 with SUMO1 at the lysine 115 residue, which facilitated XRCC4 chromatin localization. XRCC4K115R mutation dramatically abrogated the EV-packaged circBIRC6 induced effect. Moreover, combination of antisense oligonucleotide inhibitors against circBIRC6 with Olaparib dramatically suppressed chemoresistance in patient-derived xenograft models. Conclusions Our study revealed that EV-packaged circBIRC6 confer oxaliplatin resistance in PDAC by mediating SUMOylation of XRCC4, introducing a promising predictive and therapeutic target for PDAC on oxaliplatin resistance.
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- 2023
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5. Biological Control Potential of Bacillus subtilis Isolate 1JN2 against Fusarium Wilt on Cucumber
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Wei Yang, Lan Wang, Xiao Li, Haixia Yan, Beibei Zhong, Xinru Du, Qi Guo, Tingting He, and Yuming Luo
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biocontrol ,Bacillus subtilis ,Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum ,rhizo-fungal diversity ,soil enzyme activity ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Cucumber is one of the top ten vegetables globally and is widely cultivated worldwide. However, Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerinum, is one of the most serious soil-borne diseases in cucumber cultivation, causing significant economic losses. Biological control has great potential in the prevention of cucumber wilt disease, but the mechanism involved still needs further research. In this study, biocontrol isolate Bacillus subtilis 1JN2, which was isolated in our previous work, was evaluated in field conditions against Fusarium wilt, and the rhizosphere fungal diversity was analyzed. The results indicated that the biocontrol efficacy of B. subtilis 1JN2 reached 58.5% compared with the blank control, and the population density of F. oxysporum in the rhizosphere decreased from 495 copies/g of soil before inoculation to 20 copies/g 14 days after treatment. High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that after an inoculation of 1JN2, the populations that decreased significantly include the genera of Olpidium and Pseudallescheria, from more than 20% to less than 8%. And the most increased population belonged to the family Chaetomiaceae, from 6.82% to 18.77%, 12.39%, 44.41%, and 19.41% at the four sample time points after treatment. In addition, soil-related enzyme activities, including catalase, soil dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and polyphenol oxidase, were analyzed before and after treatment with 1JN2. The results indicated that all the enzyme activities showed an upward trend following inoculation. These findings demonstrate the potential of using B. subtilis 1JN2 as a biocontrol agent for controlling Fusarium wilt in cucumber.
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- 2024
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6. Recruitment of beneficial cucumber rhizosphere microbes mediated by amino acid secretion induced by biocontrol Bacillus subtilis isolate 1JN2
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Wei Yang, Xiao Li, Haixia Yan, Yiwen Sun, Diwen Wu, Ying Du, and Yuming Luo
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Fusarium wilt ,biocontrol ,recruitment ,amino acids ,rhizosphere microbiome ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
IntroductionAt present, the use of beneficial microorganisms to control cucumber Fusarium wilt is a widely used method, and the rhizosphere microecological reset is one of the mechanisms involved. However, how biocontrol strains reshape cucumber rhizosphere microecology remains to be further studied.MethodsThe composition changes of cucumber root exudates induced by biocontrol strain 1JN2, the microbial ecology of cucumber rhizosphere and the colonization ability of biocontrol strain 1JN2 in cucumber rhizosphere were analyzed through UHPLC-MS/MS analysis, Illumina high-throughput sequencing and SEM, respectively.ResultsFirst, cucumber plants treated with biocontrol Bacillus 1JN2 reduced the disease severity of Fusarium wilt by 60%. Significant changes in cucumber root exudates were found after 1JN2 inoculation and the contents of four amino acids including glutamine, tryptophan, glycine and glutamic acid were significantly increased. Second, It was found that the bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of cucumber was significantly increased in both the strain treatment group and the amino acid mixture treatment group, The number of Bacillus was the largest in all dominant populations, exceeded 20% in all treatment groups. The bacteria of Hydrogenispora and Vicinamibacteria were significantly increased after treatment.DiscussionOverall, the results demonstrated that amino acid substances in cucumber root exudates induced by biocontrol strain 1JN2 can shift the cucumber root microenvironment and prevent the occurrence of Fusarium wilt disease.
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- 2024
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7. ZEB1-mediated biogenesis of circNIPBL sustains the metastasis of bladder cancer via Wnt/β-catenin pathway
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Yuanlong Li, Yao Kong, Mingjie An, Yuming Luo, Hanhao Zheng, Yan Lin, Jiancheng Chen, Jin Yang, Libo Liu, Baoming Luo, Jian Huang, Tianxin Lin, and Changhao Chen
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circRNA biogenesis ,Bladder cancer ,ZEB1 ,Wnt signaling pathway ,Positive feedback loop ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) circularized by back-splicing of pre-mRNA are widely expressed and affected the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer (BCa). However, the mechanism underlying circRNA biogenesis in mediating the distant metastasis of BCa still unexplored. Methods RNA sequencing data between BCa and normal adjacent tissues was applied to identify the differentially expressed circRNAs. The functions of circNIPBL in BCa were investigated via a series of biochemical experiments. The Clinical significance of circNIPBL was examined in a cohort of larger BCa tissues. Results In the present study, we identified a novel circRNA (hsa_circ_0001472), circNIPBL, which was significantly upregulated and had great influence on the poor prognosis of patients with BCa. Functionally, circNIPBL promotes BCa metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circNIPBL upregulate the expression of Wnt5a and activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via directly sponged miR-16-2-3p, leading to the upregulation of ZEB1, which triggers the EMT of BCa. Moreover, we revealed that ZEB1 interacted with the flanking introns of exons 2–9 on NIPBL pre-mRNA to trigger circNIPBL biogenesis, thus forming a positive feedback loop. Importantly, circNIPBL overexpression significantly facilitated the distant metastasis of BCa in the orthotopic bladder cancer model, while silencing ZEB1 remarkably blocked the effects of metastasis induced by circNIPBL overexpression. Conclusions Our study highlights that circNIPBL-induced Wnt signaling pathway activation triggers ZEB1-mediated circNIPBL biogenesis, which forms a positive feedback loop via the circNIPBL/miR-16-2-3p/Wnt5a/ZEB1 axis, supporting circNIPBL as a novel therapeutic target and potential biomarker for BCa patients. Graphical Abstract
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- 2023
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8. Extracellular vesicle-mediated heterogeneous communication between cancer and the lymphatic system facilitates lymphatic metastasis
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Changhao Chen, Yuming Luo, Hanhao Zheng, Dingwen Zhang, Yao Kong, Jiabin Yang, Mingjie An, Yan Lin, Daowei Lin, and Rufu Chen
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Published
- 2023
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9. A330-300 Wake Encounter by ARJ21 Aircraft
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Haotian Luo, Weijun Pan, Yidi Wang, and Yuming Luo
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aircraft wake vortex ,large eddy simulation ,dynamic adaptive grid ,wake encounter ,Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics ,TL1-4050 - Abstract
Today, aviation has grown significantly in importance. However, the challenge of flight delays has become increasingly severe due to the need for safe separation between aircraft to mitigate wake turbulence effects. The primary emphasis of this investigation resides in elucidating the evolutionary attributes of wake vortices in homogeneous isotropy turbulence. The large eddy simulation (LES) method is used to scrutinize the dynamic evolution of wake vortices engendered by an A333 aircraft in the atmospheric milieu and assess its ramifications on the ARJ21 aircraft. The research endeavor commences by formulating an LES methodology for the evolution of aircraft wake vortices, integrating adaptive grid technology to reduce the necessary grid volume significantly. This approach enables the implementation of axial and non-axial grid adaptive refinement, leading to more accurate simulations of both axial and non-axial vortices. Numerical simulations are conducted using the LES approach to scrutinize three distinct rates of turbulence dissipation amidst the ambient atmospheric turbulence, and the results are juxtaposed with Lidar measurements (Wind3D 6000 LiDAR) of wake vortices acquired at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport (CTU). Subsequently, the rolling moment of the following aircraft is calculated, and three-dimensional hazard zones are determined for the A333. It is found that during the approach phase, the wake turbulence separation minima for an ARJ21 (CAT-F) following an A333 (CAT-B) is 3.35 NM, which represents a reduction of approximately 33% compared to ICAO RECAT (Wake Turbulence Re-categorization). The findings validate the dependability of the fine-grained mesh used in the vortex core region, engendered through the adaptive grid method, which proficiently captures the Crow instability and the interconnected phenomena of vortices in the numerical examination of aircraft wake. The safety of wake encounters primarily depends on the magnitude of environmental turbulence and the development of structural instability in wake vortices.
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- 2024
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10. The Development of Plant Genome Sequencing Technology and Its Conservation and Application in Endangered Gymnosperms
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Kaiyue Hong, Yasmina Radian, Teja Manda, Haibin Xu, and Yuming Luo
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genome sequencing ,genetic research ,biological phenomena ,the conservation and utilization of gymnosperms ,precision breeding ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Genome sequencing is widely recognized as a fundamental pillar in genetic research and legal studies of biological phenomena, providing essential insights for genetic investigations and legal analyses of biological events. The field of genome sequencing has experienced significant progress due to rapid improvements in scientific and technological developments. These advancements encompass not only significant improvements in the speed and quality of sequencing but also provide an unparalleled opportunity to explore the subtle complexities of genomes, particularly in the context of rare species. Such a wide range of possibilities has successfully supported the validation of plant gene functions and the refinement of precision breeding methodologies. This expanded scope now includes a comprehensive exploration of the current state and conservation efforts of gymnosperm gene sequencing, offering invaluable insights into their genomic landscapes. This comprehensive review elucidates the trajectory of development and the diverse applications of genome sequencing. It encompasses various domains, including crop breeding, responses to abiotic stress, species evolutionary dynamics, biodiversity, and the unique challenges faced in the conservation and utilization of gymnosperms. It highlights both ongoing challenges and the unveiling of forthcoming developmental trajectories.
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- 2023
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11. Correction: lncRNA-PLACT1 sustains activation of NF-κB pathway through a positive feedback loop with IκBα/E2F1 axis in pancreatic cancer
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Xiaofan Ren, Changhao Chen, Yuming Luo, Mingyang Liu, Yuting Li, Shangyou Zheng, Huilin Ye, Zhiqiang Fu, Min Li, Zhihua Li, and Rufu Chen
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Published
- 2022
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12. Analysis of Colonization Ability of Six Biocontrol Bacteria in Cucumber Plants under Chemical Stress Condition
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Li ZHENG, Jiehao HUANG, Hongxia LIU, Yuming LUO, and Jianhua GUO
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biocontrol bacteria ,cucumber downy mildew ,colonization ,fungicide stress ,compatibility ,Agriculture - Abstract
【Objective】The study was carried out to explore the effect of chemical stress on the colonization ability of biocontrol bacteria on cucumber plants.【Method】By setting a greenhouse experiment and two field experiments, biocontrol bacteria were inoculated on cucumber plants without fungicides and pathogens, with fungicides and without pathogens, with fungicides and pathogens, respectively.【Result】The six biocontrol strains tested had good colonization effects on cucumber leaves and roots. Under the greenhouse conditions without fungicides and pathogens, the colonization of each biocontrol strain showed a trend of decrease-increase-stability, strains 1BS4 and 3BY4 had strong colonization ability in cucumber leaves and roots. The colonization quantity of strains 1BS4 and 3BY4 was close to 106 CFU/g(FW) at 30 days post inoculation(dpi) about 104 CFU/g(FW); Under the field conditions without fungicides and with pathogens, there were significant differences in the colonization quantities of various biocontrol strains in leaves and roots, and they all showed a trend of decrease-increase-decrease-stability. Strain 5BJN1 had the strongest colonization ability. The colonization quantity of cucumber leaves and roots at 30 dpi was 105.92 CFU/g(FW) and 104.95 CFU/g(FW), respectively; Under the field conditions with both fungicides and pathogens, there were differences in the colonization quantity of biocontrol bacteria in leaves and roots, but the difference was not significant, and all showed a trend of decrease-increase-decrease-stability, and the colonization quantities of strains 3BJN7 and 5BJN1 in cucumber leaves at 30 dpi were relatively high, which were 103.88 CFU/g(FW) and 104.23 CFU/g(FW), respectively. The colonization quantity of other strains was about 103 CFU/g(FW).【Conclusion】The effect of chemicals on the colonization ability of biocontrol bacteria depends on the types of strains. Some strains (3BJN7 and 5BJN1) have good compatibility with chemicals. In the presence of cucumber downy mildew, they can still maintain a certain amount of colonization after using chemicals, therefore, they can be used as potential biocontrol agents; In the absence of fungicide stress, the emergence of downy mildew pathogen can induce the improvement of colonization ability of strain 3BJN7 so that it can colonize stably on cucumber plants.
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- 2022
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13. Genomic survey of TCP transcription factors in plants: Phylogenomics, evolution and their biology
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Haiying Zhou, Delight Hwarari, Hongyu Ma, Haibin Xu, Liming Yang, and Yuming Luo
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TCP transcription factors ,evolutionary relationship ,TCP domain ,basic-helix-loop-helix structure ,phylogenetic analysis ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
The TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TBI1), CYCLOIDEA (CYC), and PROLIFERATING CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN FACTORS (PCF1 and PCF2) proteins truncated as TCP transcription factors carry conserved basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) structure, related to DNA binding functions. Evolutionary history of the TCP genes has shown their presence in early land plants. In this paper, we performed a comparative discussion on the current knowledge of the TCP Transcription Factors in lower and higher plants: their evolutionary history based on the phylogenetics of 849 TCP proteins from 37 plant species, duplication events, and biochemical roles in some of the plants species. Phylogenetics investigations confirmed the classification of TCP TFs into Class I (the PCF1/2), and Class II (the C- clade) factors; the Class II factors were further divided into the CIN- and CYC/TB1- subclade. A trace in the evolution of the TCP Factors revealed an absence of the CYC/TB1subclade in lower plants, and an independent evolution of the CYC/TB1subclade in both eudicot and monocot species. 54% of the total duplication events analyzed were biased towards the dispersed duplication, and we concluded that dispersed duplication events contributed to the expansion of the TCP gene family. Analysis in the TCP factors functional roles confirmed their involvement in various biochemical processes which mainly included promoting cell proliferation in leaves in Class I TCPs, and cell division during plant development in Class II TCP Factors. Apart from growth and development, the TCP Factors were also shown to regulate hormonal and stress response pathways. Although this paper does not exhaust the present knowledge of the TCP Transcription Factors, it provides a base for further exploration of the gene family.
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- 2022
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14. Association analysis of rice resistance genes and blast fungal avirulence genes for effective breeding resistance cultivars
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Dagang Tian, Yun Deng, Xiaoshuang Yang, Gang Li, Qixiang Li, Haiying Zhou, Ziqiang Chen, Xinrui Guo, Yan Su, Yuming Luo, and Liming Yang
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rice blast ,Magnaporthe oryzae ,avirulence gene ,resistance gene ,resistance breeding ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Utilization of rice blast-resistance (R) genes is the most economical and environmentally friendly method to control blast disease. However, rice varieties with R genes influence the outcome of genetic architectures of Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae), and mutations in avirulence (AVR) genes of M. oryzae may cause dysfunction of the corresponding R genes in rice varieties. Although monitoring and characterizing rice R genes and pathogen AVR genes in field populations may facilitate the implementation of effective R genes, little is known about the changes of R genes over time and their ultimate impact on pathogen AVR genes. In this study, 117 main cultivated rice varieties over the past five decades and 35 M. oryzae isolates collected from those diseased plants were analyzed by PCR using gene-specific markers of the nine R genes and six primer pairs targeting the coding sequence or promoter of AVR genes, respectively. The R genes Pigm, Pi9, Pi2, Piz-t, Pi-ta, Pik, Pi1, Pikp, and Pikm were identified in 5, 0, 1, 4, 18, 0, 2, 1, and 0 cultivars, respectively. Significantly, none of these R genes had significant changes that correlated to their application periods of time. Among the four identified AVR genes, AVR-Pik had the highest amplification frequency (97.14%) followed by AVR-Pita (51.43%) and AVR-Pi9 (48.57%); AVR-Piz-t had the lowest frequency (28.57%). All these AVR genes except AVR-Pi9 had 1–2 variants. Inoculation mono-genic lines contained functional genes of Pi2/9 and Pik loci with 14 representative isolates from those 35 ones revealed that the presence of certain AVR-Piz-t, AVR-Pita variants, and AVR-Pik-E + AVR-Pik-D in M. oryzae populations, and these variants negated the ability of the corresponding R genes to confer resistance. Importantly, Pi2, Pi9, and Pigm conferred broad-spectrum resistance to these local isolates. These findings reveal that the complex genetic basis of M. oryzae and some effective blast R genes should be considered in future rice blast-resistance breeding programs.
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- 2022
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15. The bright side of digitization: Assessing the impact of mobile phone domestication on left-behind children in China's rural migrant families
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Jiamei Tang, Ke Wang, and Yuming Luo
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digitization ,left-behind children ,migrant family ,mobile phone ,rural China ,separation ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
This study examines the mobile phone practices of rural left-behind children (LBC) whose one or both parents migrate to cities for better earnings and the impact of such practices on migrant families in China. The study has used ethnographic approach by conducting participant observations and interviews of 21 LBC, residing in Guangren village, south China's Guangxi Autonomous Region. The study uses domestication theory to analyze these LBC's adoption of mobile phones in their daily routines and spaces in and out of their households. The key findings are as follows: (a) the LBC used mobile phones primarily to engage with their distant parent(s); (b) through collaborative efforts, they tried to enhance familial connections; and (c) they overcome the separation issue by co-participating in ongoing events, thus making the domestication of mobile phone a distant solving of real-world problems faced by migrant parent(s) and their LBC. The study concludes that LBC's innovative uses of mobile phones empowered them by building shared virtual space with their migrant parent(s), via which they handled the separation issue. In such shared virtual spaces, LBC's families have developed rich expressions of familial connections in various forms based on the limited perpetuate connectedness.
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- 2022
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16. Comparative transcriptomics reveal different genetic adaptations of biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis isolate 1JN2 in response to Cd2+ treatment
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Wei Yang, Haixia Yan, Guanghui Dong, Zhengpeng Li, Chunhao Jiang, Dalu Gu, Dongdong Niu, Danni Zhou, and Yuming Luo
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Bacillus subtilis ,biofilm ,cadmium ,stress response ,adaptation ,transcriptomics analysis ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Biofilm plays important roles in the life cycle of Bacillus species, such as promoting host and object surface colonization and resisting heavy metal stress. This study utilized transcriptomics to evaluate the impacts of cadmium on the components, morphology, and function of biofilms of Bacillus subtilis strain 1JN2. Under cadmium ion stress, the morphology of the B. subtilis 1JN2 biofilm was flattened, and its mobility increased. Moreover, differential gene expression analysis showed that the main regulator of biofilm formation, Spo0A, decreased in expression under cadmium ion stress, thereby inhibiting extracellular polysaccharide synthesis through the SinI/SinR two-component regulatory system and the AbrB pathway. Cadmium ion treatment also increased the SigD content significantly, thereby increasing the expression of the flagella encoding and assembly genes in the strain. This promoted poly-γ-glutamic acid production via the DegS/DegU two-component regulatory system and the conversion of biofilm extracellular polysaccharide to poly-γ-glutamic acid. This conferred cadmium stress tolerance in the strain. Additionally, the cadmium ion-mediated changes in the biofilm composition affected the colonization of the strain on the host plant root surface. Cadmium ions also induced surfactin synthesis. These findings illustrate the potential of Bacillus species as biocontrol strains that can mitigate plant pathogenic infections and heavy metal stress. The results also provide a basis for the screening of multifunctional biocontrol strains.
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- 2022
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17. KRAS mutant–driven SUMOylation controls extracellular vesicle transmission to trigger lymphangiogenesis in pancreatic cancer
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Yuming Luo, Zhihua Li, Yao Kong, Wang He, Hanhao Zheng, Mingjie An, Yan Lin, Dingwen Zhang, Jiabin Yang, Yue Zhao, Changhao Chen, and Rufu Chen
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Oncology ,Medicine - Abstract
Lymph node (LN) metastasis occurs frequently in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and predicts poor prognosis for patients. The KRASG12D mutation confers an aggressive PDAC phenotype that is susceptible to lymphatic dissemination. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying KRASG12D mutation–driven LN metastasis in PDAC remains unclear. Herein, we found that PDAC with the KRASG12D mutation (KRASG12D PDAC) sustained extracellular vesicle–mediated (EV-mediated) transmission of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) in a SUMOylation-dependent manner and promoted lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, hnRNPA1 bound with SUMO2 at the lysine 113 residue via KRASG12D-induced hyperactivation of SUMOylation, which enabled its interaction with TSG101 to enhance hnRNPA1 packaging and transmission via EVs. Subsequently, SUMOylation induced EV-packaged-hnRNPA1 anchoring to the adenylate- and uridylate-rich elements of PROX1 in lymphatic endothelial cells, thus stabilizing PROX1 mRNA. Importantly, impeding SUMOylation of EV-packaged hnRNPA1 dramatically inhibited LN metastasis of KRASG12D PDAC in a genetically engineered KrasG12D/+ Trp53R172H/+ Pdx-1-Cre (KPC) mouse model. Our findings highlight the mechanism by which KRAS mutant–driven SUMOylation triggers EV-packaged hnRNPA1 transmission to promote lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis, shedding light on the potential application of hnRNPA1 as a therapeutic target in patients with KRASG12D PDAC.
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- 2022
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18. circNFIB1 inhibits lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis via the miR-486-5p/PIK3R1/VEGF-C axis in pancreatic cancer
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Yao Kong, Yuting Li, Yuming Luo, Jiang Zhu, Hanhao Zheng, Bowen Gao, Xiaofeng Guo, Zhihua Li, Rufu Chen, and Changhao Chen
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circNFIB1 ,PIK3R1 ,PI3K/Akt signaling pathway ,Lymphatic metastasis ,Pancreatic cancer ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Patients with lymph node (LN)-positive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have extremely poor survival rates. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a newly discovered type of endogenous noncoding RNAs, have been proposed to mediate the progression of diverse types of tumors. However, the role and underlying regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs in the LN metastasis of PDAC remain unknown. Methods Next-generation sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed circRNAs between PDAC and normal adjacent tissues. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate the functional role of circNFIB1. RNA pulldown and luciferase assays were performed to examine the binding of circNFIB1 and miR-486-5p. Results In the present study, we identified that a novel circRNA (circNFIB1, hsa_circ_0086375) was downregulated in PDAC and negatively associated with LN metastasis in PDAC patients. Functionally, circNFIB1 knockdown promoted lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of PDAC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circNFIB1 functioned as a sponge of miR-486-5p, and partially reversed the effect of miR-486-5p. Moreover, circNFIB1 attenuated the oncogenic effect of miR-486-5p and consequently upregulated PIK3R1 expression, which further downregulated VEGF-C expression through inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway, and ultimately suppressed lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis in PDAC. Conclusions Our findings provide novel insight into the underlying mechanism of circRNA-mediated LN metastasis of PDAC and suggest that circNFIB1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for LN metastasis in PDAC. Graphical abstract
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- 2020
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19. Circular RNA circBFAR promotes the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via the miR-34b-5p/MET/Akt axis
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Xiaofeng Guo, Quanbo Zhou, Dan Su, Yuming Luo, Zhiqiang Fu, Leyi Huang, Zhiguo Li, Decan Jiang, Yao Kong, Zhihua Li, Rufu Chen, and Changhao Chen
- Subjects
circBFAR ,miR-34b-5p ,MET ,PI3K/Akt pathway ,Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Accumulating evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important participants in cancer progression. However, the biological processes and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are unclear. Method CircRNAs were verified by Sanger sequencing. Colony formation, 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU), and Transwell assays were performed to investigate the effect of circBFAR on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of PDAC cells in vitro. RNA pull-down assays were conducted to verify the binding of circBFAR with microRNA miR-34b-5p. Results In the present study, we identified a novel circRNA (termed as circBFAR, hsa_circ_0009065) that was upregulated in a 208-case cohort of patients with PDAC. The ectopic expression of circBFAR correlated positively with the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and was related to poorer prognosis of patients with PDAC. Moreover, circBFAR knockdown dramatically inhibited the proliferation and motility of PDAC cells in vitro and their tumor-promoting and metastasis properties in in vivo models. Mechanistically, circBFAR upregulated mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) expression via sponging miR-34b-5p. Additionally, circBFAR overexpression increased the expression of MET and activated downstream phosphorylation of Akt (Ser 473) and further activated the MET/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which ultimately promoted the progression of PDAC cells. Importantly, application of MET inhibitors could significantly attenuate circBFAR-mediated tumorigenesis in vivo. Conclusions Our findings showed that circBFAR plays an important role in the proliferation and metastasis of PDAC, which might be explored as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for PDAC.
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- 2020
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20. lncRNA-PLACT1 sustains activation of NF-κB pathway through a positive feedback loop with IκBα/E2F1 axis in pancreatic cancer
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Xiaofan Ren, Changhao Chen, Yuming Luo, Mingyang Liu, Yuting Li, Shangyou Zheng, Huilin Ye, Zhiqiang Fu, Min Li, Zhihua Li, and Rufu Chen
- Subjects
Long noncoding RNA ,Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ,NF-κB signaling pathway ,IκBα ,Positive feedback loop ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background The activation of NF-κB signaling pathway is regarded as the dominant process that correlates with tumorigenesis. Recently, increasing evidence shows that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in sustaining the NF-κB signaling pathway. However, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Methods The expression and clinical features of PLACT1 were analyzed in a 166-case cohort of PDAC by qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization. The functional role of PLACT1 was evaluated by both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Chromatin isolation by RNA purification assays were utilized to examine the interaction of PLACT1 with IκBα promoter. Results We identified a novel lncRNA-PLACT1, which was significantly upregulated in tumor tissues and correlated with progression and poor survival in PDAC patients. Moreover, PLACT1 promoted the proliferation and invasion of PDAC cells in vitro. Consistently, PLACT1 overexpression fostered the progression of PDAC both in orthotopic and lung metastasis mice models. Mechanistically, PLACT1 suppressed IκBα expression by recruiting hnRNPA1 to IκBα promoter, which led to increased H3K27me3 that decreased the transcriptional level of IκBα. Furthermore, E2F1-mediated overexpression of PLACT1 modulated the progression of PDAC by sustained activation of NF-κB signaling pathway through forming a positive feedback loop with IκBα. Importantly, administration of the NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitor significantly suppressed PLACT1-induced sustained activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to reduced tumorigenesis in vivo. Conclusions Our findings suggest that PLACT1 provides a novel epigenetic mechanism involved in constitutive activation of NF-κB signaling pathway and may represent a new therapeutic target of PDAC.
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- 2020
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21. Large Eddy Simulation Research on the Evolution Mechanism of Aircraft Wake Influenced by Cubic Obstacle
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Weijun Pan, Yuming Luo, Shuai Han, and Hao Wang
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Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
Aircraft wake is a kind of intense air movement, and the study of its generation, development, and dissipation law is of great significance to the flight safety. There are abundant researches on the evolution of aircraft wakes affected by weather and ground effects; however, there are few studies on the influence of a single obstacle on the evolution of aircraft wake. In this article, in order to explore the influence of a single obstacle on the evolution of aircraft wake, firstly, we develop a computational fluid dynamics-based method of simulation of aircraft wake affected by cubic obstacle of different heights in order to obtain the wake intensity changes and position changes before and after being affected by the obstacle. Then, the result data are visualized and analyzed, and we obtain the results of velocity and Q criterion contours, circulation, and data related to wake vortex structure. CFD simulations are conducted, including the cases of the vertical distance between wake vortex and obstacle which is 20 m, 60 m, 100 m, and no obstacle. The quantitative results indicate that a single obstacle also has a great influence on the evolution of the wake vortex. Obstacle will shorten the time for the wake vortex to enter the fast decay stage, and the smaller the distance the wake vortex is above the obstacle, the faster it enters the fast decay stage. In the same time, the circulation will reduce 20% more under the same calculation time when the wake is 20 m above the obstacle than when the wake is 100 m above the obstacle, and the circulation will reduce 45% more than when there is no obstacle. Single obstacle also leads to the generation of multiple secondary vortices and rotates around the wake vortex, resulting in the increase of wake vortex core radius, wake vortex core spacing, and wake vortex height.
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- 2022
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22. Approach and Landing Aircraft Wake Encounter Risk Based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Numerical Simulation
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Weijun Pan, Jingkai Wang, Yaxing Xu, Qianlan Jiang, and Yuming Luo
- Subjects
Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics ,TL1-4050 - Abstract
In order to shorten the wake safe separation, numerical simulation technology with aerodynamic response models and strip models have been combined to calculate wake hazard zone. As a realistic case, a medium aircraft ARJ21 following a heavy aircraft A330-200 is considered, and the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) method is used to explore the wake vortex evolution process of the leading aircraft at the decision height. A strip algorithm is proposed to calculate the rolling moment coefficient and overload increment of the ARJ21 after encountering the wake of the front aircraft in the three-dimensional space. The proposed algorithm identifies the area where the wake of the front aircraft can cause risks to the following aircraft and analyzes the evolution process of the hazard zone of the section where the decision height is located. The minimum safe separation of the ARJ21 following the A330-200 is 1.32 nmile, which is 26.4% of the ICAO separation standard of 5 nmile. When the average runway occupancy time (ROT) is reduced to match the separation of 1.32 nmile, the capacity of runway 02R/20L in Tianfu International Airport could theoretically reach 102.37 sorties/h under this aircraft pair combination. Compared to original 27 sorties/h, the runway capacity can be improved up to 279.14%, which will increase the airport operation efficiency.
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- 2022
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23. Research on Separation and Emission Reduction of Regional Airliner Based on Wake Encounter Response Model
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Weijun Pan, Hao Wang, Yuming Luo, Jingkai Wang, and Shuai Han
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Transportation engineering ,TA1001-1280 ,Transportation and communications ,HE1-9990 - Abstract
To ensure the safety of aircraft operation, the current regional passenger aircraft maintains a large distance from the preceding aircraft in actual operation, which result in reducing the operation efficiency of airports and airspace, and increasing pollutant emissions. To address these issues, in this paper, two aircraft types are selected in which the CRJ-900 encounters the trailing wake vortices of the A380 in front. An improved strip model is developed to build the CRJ-900 overall response wake encounter value. First, the safety of the CRJ-900 longitudinal and lateral wake encounters in different flight stages is analyzed. Second, we calculate the critical safety separation and its impact on air transport efficiency. Third, we use the LTO model to measure the reduction of aircraft fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. The results demonstrated that the medium-sized aircraft CRJ-900 has the potential to reduce the wake separation when following the super-heavy A380 aircraft. In terms of the critical safety separation calculated by the safety index, the operating efficiency of airports and airspace could be effectively improved, allowing the reduction of pollutant emissions during aircraft take-off and landing. During the takeoff, level flight, and landing phase, the results are summarized as follows: when the CRJ-900 is 13km away from the A380, the maximum lift variation is 11334N, 8157N, and 7366N; the maximum rolling moment variation is 43836N•M, 35274 N•M, and 28487 N•M; the maximum value of the rolling moment coefficient (RMC) is 0.0171, 0.0160, and 0.0130; when the RMC critical value is 0.031, the maximum safe separation for different flight stages is 11960m, which is 1040m shorter than the existing separation; when the RMC critical value is 0.05, the maximum safe separation distance of each stage is 10083m, a reduction of 2917m compared with the existing separation; when the RMC threshold is 0.07, the maximum safe separation of different flight stages is 9021m, a reduction of 3979m compared to the existing separation; when the RMC value is between 0.031-0.07, the fuel consumption can be reduced by 7.9%–12.8%, and the pollutant emission can be reduced by 9.1%–12.8%.
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- 2022
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24. Dynamic Aircraft Wake Separation Based on Velocity Change
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Weijun Pan, Zirui Yin, Yuming Luo, Anding Wang, and Yuanjing Huang
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velocity change ,wake encounter ,dynamic wake separation ,time-based separation ,Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics ,TL1-4050 - Abstract
Traditional research on static wake-vortex reduction usually considers only the influence of external environmental factors, while ignoring the dynamic change in an aircraft’s flight state. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a method to reduce separation using dynamic wake information based on changes in flight velocity. Firstly, relying on the wake-vortex generation and dissipation model, the initial circulations and dissipation parameters of the wake vortex at different aircraft velocities are calculated. Then, the complete evolution process of the wake vortex generated by different types of aircraft at different velocities is analyzed, and the evolution law of a wake vortex with changing velocity is obtained. Afterwards, according to the actual aerodynamic shape of CRJ-900, the aerodynamic model for CRJ-900 when it encounters a wake vortex is established. The situation of an CRJ-900 encountering a wake vortex under TBS is analyzed, which proves that TBS is safe and has a certain reduction potential. Then, taking the rolling moment coefficient as the safety index, the minimum safe separations at different velocities are calculated. Finally, a simulation for the separation reduction based on a dynamic wake vortex is carried out. Compared with the static wake-based separation, the dynamic wake-based separation technology can greatly reduce the aircraft separation requirements while ensuring the operation safety. The final simulation results show that the dynamic separation reduction in CRJ-900 following a medium and heavy aircraft can reach 44.3% and 51.6%, respectively.
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- 2022
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25. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Associated Sites of Tobacco Repression of Shoot Growth Regulates Its Localization in Plant Cells
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Luyao Wang, Ying Gui, Bingye Yang, Wenpan Dong, Peiling Xu, Fangjie Si, Wei Yang, Yuming Luo, Jianhua Guo, Dongdong Niu, and Chunhao Jiang
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MAPK ,phosphorylation ,RSG ,abiotic stress ,protein interaction ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Plant defense and growth rely on multiple transcriptional factors (TFs). Repression of shoot growth (RSG) is a TF belonging to a bZIP family in tobacco, known to be involved in plant gibberellin feedback regulation by inducing the expression of key genes. The tobacco calcium-dependent protein kinase CDPK1 was reported to interact with RSG and manipulate its intracellular localization by phosphorylating Ser-114 of RSG previously. Here, we identified tobacco mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (NtMPK3) as an RSG-interacting protein kinase. Moreover, the mutation of the predicted MAPK-associated phosphorylation site of RSG (Thr-30, Ser-74, and Thr-135) significantly altered the intracellular localization of the NtMPK3-RSG interaction complex. Nuclear transport of RSG and its amino acid mutants (T30A and S74A) were observed after being treated with plant defense elicitor peptide flg22 within 5 min, and the two mutated RSG swiftly re-localized in tobacco cytoplasm within 30 min. In addition, triple-point mutation of RSG (T30A/S74A/T135A) mimics constant unphosphorylated status, and is predominantly localized in tobacco cytoplasm. RSG (T30A/S74A/T135A) showed no re-localization effect under the treatments of flg22, B. cereus AR156, or GA3, and over-expression of this mutant in tobacco resulted in lower expression levels of downstream gene GA20ox1. Our results suggest that MAPK-associated phosphorylation sites of RSG regulate its localization in tobacco, and that constant unphosphorylation of RSG in Thr-30, Ser-74, and Thr-135 keeps RSG predominantly localized in cytoplasm.
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- 2022
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26. Tumor‐derived exosomal BCYRN1 activates WNT5A/VEGF‐C/VEGFR3 feedforward loop to drive lymphatic metastasis of bladder cancer
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Hanhao Zheng, Changhao Chen, Yuming Luo, Min Yu, Wang He, Mingjie An, Bowen Gao, Yao Kong, Yiyao Ya, Yan Lin, Yuting Li, Keji Xie, Jian Huang, and Tianxin Lin
- Subjects
BCYRN1 ,bladder cancer ,exosomes ,lymph node metastasis ,VEGF‐C/VEGFR3 signaling ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Patients with lymph node (LN) metastatic bladder cancer (BCa) present with extremely poor prognosis. BCa‐derived exosomes function as crucial bioactive cargo carriers to mediate the signal transduction in tumor microenvironment triggering tumor metastasis. However, the mechanisms underlying exosome‐mediated LN metastasis in BCa are unclear. Methods We conducted the high‐throughput sequencing to explore the expression profile of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in urinary exosomes (urinary‐EXO) from patients with BCa and further evaluated the clinical relevance of exosomal lncRNA BCYRN1 in a larger 210‐case cohort. The functional role of exosomal BCYRN1 was evaluated through the migration and tube formation assays in vitro and the footpad‐popliteal LN metastasis model in vivo. RNA pull‐down assays, luciferase assays, and actinomycin assays were conducted to detect the regulatory mechanism of exosomal BCYRN1. Results LncRNA BCYRN1 was substantially upregulated in urinary‐EXO from patients with BCa, and associated with the LN metastasis of BCa. We demonstrated that exosomal BCYRN1 markedly promoted tube formation and migration of human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs) in vitro and lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of BCa in vivo. Mechanistically, BCYRN1 epigenetically upregulated WNT5A expression by inducing hnRNPA1‐associated H3K4 trimethylation in WNT5A promoter, which activated Wnt/β‐catenin signaling to facilitate the secretion of VEGF‐C in BCa. Moreover, exosomal BCYRN1 was transmitted to HLECs to stabilize the VEGFR3 mRNA and thus formed an hnRNPA1/WNT5A/VEGFR3 feedforward regulatory loop, ultimately promoting the lymphatic metastasis of BCa. Importantly, blocking VEGFR3 with specific inhibitor, SAR131675 significantly impaired exosomal BCYRN1‐induced the LN metastasis in vivo. Clinically, exosomal BCYRN1 was positively associated with the shorter survival of BCa patients and identified as a poor prognostic factor of patients. Conclusion Our results uncover a novel mechanism by which exosomal BCYRN1 synergistically enhances VEGF‐C/VEGFR3 signaling‐induced lymphatic metastasis of BCa, indicating that BCYRN1 may serve as an encouraging therapeutic target for patients with BCa.
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- 2021
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27. Proteomic Analysis Reveals Salicylic Acid as a Pivotal Signal Molecule in Rice Response to Blast Disease Infection
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Haiying Zhou, Delight Hwarari, Yunhui Zhang, Xiaosong Mo, Yuming Luo, and Hongyu Ma
- Subjects
rice ,salicylic acid ,blast disease ,proteomics ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Rice blast disease caused by a fungus, Magnaporthe grisea, is one of the most destructive diseases in rice production worldwide, and salicylic acid (SA) can efficiently decrease the damage of M. grisea. Here, we combined the 2-Dimensional-Liquid Chromatography and the Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (2D-LC-MALDI-TOF-TOF MS) techniques to compare and identify differentially expressed labelled proteins by the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) between the blast-resistant cultivar Minghui and the susceptible rice cultivar Nipponbare in response to blast fungus infection. The group samples were treated with salicylic acid and compared to control samples. A total of 139 DEPs from the two cultivars showed either more than a two-fold change or alternating regulation patterns. Protein functionality analysis also exhibited that these proteins are involved in a wide range of molecular functions including: energy-related activity (30%), signal transduction (11%), redox homeostasis (15%), amino acid and nitrogen metabolism (4%), carbohydrate metabolism (5%), protein folding and assembly (10%), protein hydrolysis (9%), protein synthesis (12%), and other unknown functions (4%). Specifically, we demonstrated that exogenous treatment with salicylic acid promoted recovery in both rice cultivars from Magnaporthe grisea infection by enhancing: the regulation of signal transduction, increasing energy conversion and production through the regulation of the glycolytic pathway, and other various biochemical processes. These findings may facilitate future studies of the molecular mechanisms of rice blast resistance.
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- 2022
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28. Proteomic analysis of the defense response to Magnaporthe oryzae in rice harboring the blast resistance gene Piz-t
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Dagang Tian, Liu Yang, Zaijie Chen, Ziqiang Chen, Feng Wang, Yuanchang Zhou, Yuming Luo, Liming Yang, and Songbiao Chen
- Subjects
Proteomic analysis ,Rice blast disease ,Resistance gene ,Piz-t ,iTRAQ ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Abstract Background Rice blast (caused by Magnaporthe oryzae) is one of the most destructive diseases of rice. While many blast resistance (R) genes have been identified and deployed in rice cultivars, little is known about the R gene-mediated defense mechanism. We used a rice transgenic line harboring the resistance gene Piz-t to investigate the R gene-mediated resistance response to infection. Results We conducted comparative proteome profiling of the Piz-t transgenic Nipponbare line (NPB-Piz-t) and wild-type Nipponbare (NPB) inoculated with M. oryzae at 24, 48, 72 h post-inoculation (hpi) using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) analysis. Comparative analysis of the response of NPB-Piz-t to the avirulent isolate KJ201 and the virulent isolate RB22 identified 114 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between KJ201-inoculated NPB-Piz-t (KJ201-Piz-t) and mock-treated NPB-Piz-t (Mock-Piz-t), and 118 DEPs between RB22-inoculated NPB-Piz-t (RB22-Piz-t) and Mock-Piz-t. Among the DEPs, 56 occurred commonly in comparisons KJ201-Piz-t/Mock-Piz-t and RB22-Piz-t/Mock-Piz-t. In a comparison of the responses of NPB and NPB-Piz-t to isolate KJ201, 93 DEPs between KJ201-Piz-t and KJ201-NPB were identified. DEPs in comparisons KJ201-Piz-t/Mock-Piz-t, RB22-Piz-t/Mock-Piz-t and KJ201-Piz-t/KJ201-NPB contained a number of proteins that may be involved in rice response to pathogens, including pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, hormonal regulation-related proteins, defense and stress response-related proteins, receptor-like kinase, and cytochrome P450. Comparative analysis further identified 7 common DEPs between the comparisons KJ201-Piz-t/KJ201-NPB and KJ201-Piz-t/RB22-Piz-t, including alcohol dehydrogenase I, receptor-like protein kinase, endochitinase, similar to rubisco large subunit, NADP-dependent malic enzyme, and two hypothetical proteins. Conclusions Our results provide a valuable resource for discovery of complex protein networks involved in the resistance response of rice to blast fungus.
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- 2018
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29. Patterns of larval fish assemblages along the direction of freshwater input within the southern branch of the Yangtze Estuary, China: implications for conservation
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Lei Gao, Fei Cheng, Yiqing Song, Wei Jiang, Guangpeng Feng, Yuming Luo, and Songguang Xie
- Subjects
Ichthyoplankton ,near-shore habitat ,nursery ,seasonal pattern ,Yangtze River ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
The Yangtze Estuary is the largest estuary in the western Pacific Ocean, and harbors a high diversity of fish fauna. In this study, larval fish were surveyed monthly across three sections within the southern branch of the Yangtze Estuary (SBYE). A total of 49 taxa were collected, with 51.4% of the identified species being freshwater fishes. The collected numbers of larval taxa in the upper, middle, and lower sections were 22, 28, and 43, respectively. Species with differing salinity adaptations displayed different patterns along the direction of freshwater input. The collected numbers of larval taxa were 47 and 29 in the near-shore and mid-stream areas, respectively; and the abundances of larval fish in the near-shore areas tended to be higher than in the mid-stream areas in all the three sections. Larval fish occurred year-round with two peaks of abundance. Our results suggest that the freshwater input was the dominant factor shaping larval fish assemblage structure and dynamics within the SBYE. Influences of the Three Gorges Dam and South-to-North Water Transfer Project on larval fish assemblages within the SBYE should be considered with regard to conservation practices.
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- 2018
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30. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) protects pancreatic beta cells against Forkhead box class O1 (FOXO1)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis
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Chen Chen, Yuming Luo, Yajuan Su, and Lichen Teng
- Subjects
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) ,Vitamin D ,Vitamin D receptor (VDR) ,Forkhead box class O1 (FOXO1) ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is identified as a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Forkhead box class O1 (FoxO1) is closely related to GDM; however, the role of vitamin D deficiency and the underlying pathogenesis of GDM has not been elucidated. Serum vitamin D level was detected using chemiluminescence immunoassay. FOXO1 expression was examined using Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot and immunocytochemistry analysis. Apoptosis of cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial function was assessed via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Our study demonstrated that vitamin D levels were significantly lower in 40 GDM patients. The silencing of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) decreased cell survival and increased both FoxO1 mRNA and protein expression. Overexpression of FoxO1 could cause the mitochondrial dysfunction (including production of ROS and decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm)) and cell apoptosis. However, Overexpression of VDR and vitamin D treatment could induce the cell survival and alleviate the FoxO1-induced cell apoptosis, furthermore, vitamin D treatment or silencing of FoxO1 gene could reverse the ROS-induced cell apoptosis. Therefore, our results support that vitamin D may protect FoxO1-induced pancreatic beta cell apoptosis, which suggests that vitamin D may have beneficial effects in preventing and treating GDM.
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- 2019
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31. High Temperature Induces Expression of Tobacco Transcription Factor NtMYC2a to Regulate Nicotine and JA Biosynthesis
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Liming Yang, Junying Li, Jianhui Ji, Ping Li, Liangliang Yu, Yuming Luo, Elsayed Abd_Allah, Liwei Hu, and Xiangyang Hu
- Subjects
Jasmonic acid ,protein interactions ,High Temperature Stress ,expression regulation ,nicotine biosynthesis ,NtMYC2a gene ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Environmental stress elevates the level of jasmonic acid (JA) and activates the biosynthesis of nicotine and related pyridine alkaloids in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) by up-regulating the expression of putrescine N-methyltransferase 1 (NtPMT1), which encodes a putrescine N-methyl transferase that catalyzes nicotine formation. The JA signal suppressor JASMONATE ZIM DOMAIN 1 (NtJAZ1) and its target protein, NtMYC2a, also regulate nicotine biosynthesis; however, how these proteins interact to regulate abiotic-induced nicotine biosynthesis is poorly understood. In this study, we found that high-temperature (HT) treatment activated transcription of NtMYC2a, which subsequently stimulated the transcription of genes associated with JA biosynthesis, including Lipoxygenase (LOX), Allene oxide synthase (AOS), Allene oxide cyclase (AOC), and 12-oxophytodienodate reductase (OPR). Overexpression of NtMYC2a increased nicotine biosynthesis by enhancing its binding to the promoter of NtPMT1. Overexpression of either NtJAZ1 or proteasome-resistant NtJAZ1∆C suppressed nicotine production under normal conditions, but overexpression only of the former resulted in low levels of nicotine under HT treatment. These data suggest that HT induces NtMYC2a accumulation through increased transcription to activate nicotine synthesis; meanwhile, HT-induced NtMYC2a can activate JA synthesis to promote additional NtMYC2a activity by degrading NtJAZ1 at the post-transcriptional level.
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- 2016
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32. Preparative Isolation and Purification of Three Sesquiterpenoid Lactones from Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. by High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography
- Author
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Yonghong Hu, Guilong Yan, Yuming Luo, and Lilian Ji
- Subjects
Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. ,high-speed counter-current chromatography ,sesquiterpenoid lactone ,separation ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
A high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) method was established for the preparative separation of three sesquiterpenoid lactones from Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. The two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane–ethyl acetate–methanol–water (1:4:2:3, v/v/v/v) was selected. From 540 mg of the n-butanol fraction of Eupatorium lindleyanum DC., 10.8 mg of 3β-hydroxy-8β-[4'-hydroxy-tigloyloxy]-costunolide, 17.9 mg of eupalinolide A and 19.3 mg of eupalinolide B were obtained in a one-step HSCCC separation, with purities of 91.8%, 97.9% and 97.1%, respectively, as determined by HPLC. Their structures were further identified by ESI-MS and 1H-NMR.
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- 2012
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33. Antioxidant Activities of Extracts and Fractions from Eupatorium lindleyanum DC
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Yonghong Hu, Yuming Luo, Lilian Ji, and Guilong Yan
- Subjects
Eupatorium lindleyanum DC ,antioxidant activity ,extracts ,phenolics ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
The antioxidant activities of water extract (WE), ethanol extract (EE), residue water extract (RWE) and petroleum ether (PF), ethyl acetate (EF), n-BuOH (BF) and water (WF) fractions of the ethanol extract from Eupatorium Lindley DC were investigated for the first time. Total phenolics content, DPPH radical scavenging activities, superoxide radical scavenging activities, total reduction capability, and ferrous ions chelating activities were determined for all the extracts and fractions. The results showed that all the extracts and fractions exhibited antioxidant activities with different magnitudes of potency. Among all the samples, WE and RWE exhibited the best antioxidant capacities, the BF also exhibited high antioxidant abilities in all tests except for the metal chelating activity, while the other extracts and fractions were relatively weak antioxidants. The BF had the highest total phenolics contents in all extracts and fractions, and the WE and RWE were found to be rich in tannins. Furthermore, the content of total phenolics showed good correlation with DPPH radical scavenging activity, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity, and the reducing power. Phenolic composition of all the extracts and fractions was identified and quantified by HPLC. The results indicate that the extracts of E. Lindley DC might be a useful potential source of natural antioxidant ingredients.
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- 2011
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34. Carbon Monoxide Modulates Auxin Transport and Nitric Oxide Signaling in Plants under Iron Deficiency Stress.
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Kaiyue Hong, Radani, Yasmina, Ahmad, Waqas, Ping Li, and Yuming Luo
- Subjects
NITRIC oxide ,IRON deficiency ,PLANT hormones ,PLANT development ,AUXIN ,PLANT physiology - Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) are signal molecules that enhance plant adaptation to environmental stimuli. Auxin is an essential phytohormone for plant growth and development. CO and NO play crucial roles in modulating the plant’s response to iron deficiency. Iron deficiency leads to an increase in the activity of heme oxygenase (HO) and the subsequent generation of CO. Additionally, it alters the polar subcellular distribution of Pin-Formed 1 (PIN1) proteins, resulting in enhanced auxin transport. This alteration, in turn, leads to an increase in NO accumulation. Furthermore, iron deficiency enhances the activity of ferric chelate reductase (FCR), as well as the expression of the Fer-like iron deficiency-induced transcription factor 1 (FIT) and the ferric reduction oxidase 2 (FRO2) genes in plant roots. Overexpression of the long hypocotyl 1 (HY1) gene, which encodes heme oxygenase, or the CO donor treatment resulted in enhanced basipetal auxin transport, higher FCR activity, and the expression of FIT and FRO2 genes under Fe deficiency. Here, a potential mechanism is proposed: CO and NO interact with auxin to address iron deficiency stress. CO alters auxin transport, enhancing its accumulation in roots and up-regulating key iron-related genes like FRO2 and IRT1. Elevated auxin levels affect NO signaling, leading to greater sensitivity in root development. This interplay promotes FCR activity, which is crucial for iron absorption. Together, these molecules enhance iron uptake and root growth, revealing a novel aspect of plant physiology in adapting to environmental stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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35. Inhibition of histone acetyltransferase GCN5 by a transcription factor FgPacC controls fungal adaption to host-derived iron stress
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Qin Gu, Yujie Wang, Xiaozhen Zhao, Bingqin Yuan, Mengxuan Zhang, Zheng Tan, Xinyue Zhang, Yun Chen, Huijun Wu, Yuming Luo, Nancy P Keller, Xuewen Gao, and Zhonghua Ma
- Subjects
Fungal Proteins ,Fusarium ,Iron ,Genetics ,Acetylation ,Poaceae ,Adaptation, Physiological ,Histone Acetyltransferases ,Plant Diseases ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Poaceae plants can locally accumulate iron to suppress pathogen infection. It remains unknown how pathogens overcome host-derived iron stress during their successful infections. Here, we report that Fusarium graminearum (Fg), a destructive fungal pathogen of cereal crops, is challenged by host-derived high-iron stress. Fg infection induces host alkalinization, and the pH-dependent transcription factor FgPacC undergoes a proteolytic cleavage into the functional isoform named FgPacC30 under alkaline host environment. Subsequently FgPacC30 binds to a GCCAR(R = A/G)G element at the promoters of the genes involved in iron uptake and inhibits their expression, leading to adaption of Fg to high-iron stress. Mechanistically, FgPacC30 binds to FgGcn5 protein, a catalytic subunit of Spt-Ada-Gcn5 Acetyltransferase (SAGA) complex, leading to deregulation of histone acetylation at H3K18 and H2BK11, and repression of iron uptake genes. Moreover, we identified a protein kinase FgHal4, which is highly induced by extracellular high-iron stress and protects FgPacC30 against 26S proteasome-dependent degradation by promoting FgPacC30 phosphorylation at Ser2. Collectively, this study uncovers a novel inhibitory mechanism of the SAGA complex by a transcription factor that enables a fungal pathogen to adapt to dynamic microenvironments during infection.
- Published
- 2022
36. Plant Disease Resistance-Related Pathways Recruit Beneficial Bacteria by Remodeling Root Exudates upon Bacillus cereus AR156 Treatment
- Author
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Bingye Yang, Mingzi Zheng, Wenpan Dong, Peiling Xu, Ying Zheng, Wei Yang, Yuming Luo, Jianhua Guo, Dongdong Niu, Yiyang Yu, and Chunhao Jiang
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Ecology ,Physiology ,Genetics ,Cell Biology - Abstract
Our data suggest that B. cereus AR156 can promote the enrichment of beneficial microorganisms in the plant rhizosphere by regulating salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene (ET) signaling pathways in plants, thereby playing a role in controlling bacterial wilt disease. Meanwhile, Spearman correlation analysis showed that the relative abundances of these beneficial bacteria were correlated with the secretion of root exudates.
- Published
- 2023
37. Data from Aberrant Nuclear Export of circNCOR1 Underlies SMAD7-Mediated Lymph Node Metastasis of Bladder Cancer
- Author
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Tianxin Lin, Changhao Chen, Yuanlong Li, Jiancheng Chen, Jiabin Yang, Dingwen Zhang, Mingrui Pang, Yao Kong, Yuming Luo, Yan Lin, Jian Huang, Hanhao Zheng, and Mingjie An
- Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNA) containing retained introns are normally sequestered in the nucleus. Dysregulation of cellular homeostasis can drive their nuclear export, which may be involved in cancer metastasis. However, the mechanism underlying circRNA nuclear export and its role in lymph node (LN) metastasis of bladder cancer remain unclear. Here, we identify an intron-retained circRNA, circNCOR1, that is significantly downregulated in LN metastatic bladder cancer and is negatively associated with poor prognosis of patients. Overexpression of circNCOR1 inhibited lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. Nuclear circNCOR1 epigenetically promoted SMAD7 transcription by increasing heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNPL)–induced H3K9 acetylation in the SMAD7 promoter, leading to inhibition of the TGFβ-SMAD signaling pathway. Nuclear retention of circNCOR1 was regulated by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)ylation of DDX39B, an essential regulatory factor responsible for circRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic transport. Reduced SUMO2 binding to DDX39B markedly increased circNCOR1 retention in the nucleus to suppress bladder cancer LN metastasis. By contrast, SUMOylated DDX39B activated nuclear export of circNCOR1, impairing the suppressive role of circNCOR1 on TGFβ-SMAD cascade activation and bladder cancer LN metastasis. In patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, overexpression of circNCOR1 and inhibition of TGFβ signaling significantly repressed tumor growth and LN metastasis. This study highlights SUMOylation-induced nuclear export of circNCOR1 as a key event regulating TGFβ-SMAD signaling and bladder cancer lymphangiogenesis, thus supporting circNCOR1 as a novel therapeutic agent for patients with LN metastatic bladder cancer.Significance:This study identifies the novel intron-retained circNCOR1 and elucidates a SUMOylation-mediated DDX39B–circNCOR1–SMAD7 axis that regulates lymph node metastasis of bladder cancer.
- Published
- 2023
38. Supplementary Data from Aberrant Nuclear Export of circNCOR1 Underlies SMAD7-Mediated Lymph Node Metastasis of Bladder Cancer
- Author
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Tianxin Lin, Changhao Chen, Yuanlong Li, Jiancheng Chen, Jiabin Yang, Dingwen Zhang, Mingrui Pang, Yao Kong, Yuming Luo, Yan Lin, Jian Huang, Hanhao Zheng, and Mingjie An
- Abstract
Supplementary Data from Aberrant Nuclear Export of circNCOR1 Underlies SMAD7-Mediated Lymph Node Metastasis of Bladder Cancer
- Published
- 2023
39. Study on the Influence of a Wake Vortex on an ARJ21 Aircraft Using the Strip Method
- Author
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Weijun Pan, Jingkai Wang, Hao Wang, and Yuming Luo
- Subjects
General Materials Science - Published
- 2022
40. SUMOylation regulates pre-mRNA splicing to overcome DNA damage in fungi
- Author
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Yunqing Jian, Xia Chen, Kewei Sun, Zunyong Liu, Danni Cheng, Jie Cao, Jianzhao Liu, Xiaofei Cheng, Liang Wu, Feng Zhang, Yuming Luo, Matthias Hahn, Zhonghua Ma, and Yanni Yin
- Subjects
Physiology ,Plant Science - Abstract
● Pathogenic fungi are subject to DNA damage stress derived from host immune responses during infection. SUMO modification and precursor (pre)-mRNA splicing are both involved in DNA damage response (DDR). However the mechanisms of how SUMOylation and splicing coordinated in DDR remain largely unknown. ● Combining with biochemical analysis, RNA-seq method, and biological analysis, we report that SUMO pathway participates in DDR and virulence in Fusarium graminearum, a causal agent of Fusarium head blight of cereal crops worldwide. Interestingly, a key transcription factor FgSR is SUMOylated upon DNA damage stress. ● SUMOylation regulates FgSR nuclear-cytoplasmic partitioning and its phosphorylation by FgMec1, and promotes its interaction with chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF for activating the expression of DDR-related genes. Moreover, the SWI/SNF complex was found to further recruit splicing-related NineTeen Complex, subsequently modulates pre-mRNAs splicing during DDR. ● Our findings reveal a novel function of SUMOylation in DDR by regulating a transcription factor to orchestrate gene expression and pre-mRNA splicing to overcome DNA damage during the infection of F. graminearum, which advances the understanding of the delicate regulation of DDR by SUMOylation in pathogenic fungi, and extends the knowledge of cooperation of SUMOylation and pre-mRNA splicing in DDR in eukaryotes.
- Published
- 2022
41. circEHBP1 promotes lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of bladder cancer via miR-130a-3p/TGFβR1/VEGF-D signaling
- Author
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Bowen Gao, Jian Huang, Changhao Chen, Jiang Zhu, Yue Zhao, Zhihua Li, Hanhao Zheng, Yuming Luo, Yuting Li, Le Ai, Hao Huang, and Yao Kong
- Subjects
Male ,Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I ,Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Drug Discovery ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,Medicine ,Secretion ,Lymphangiogenesis ,Receptor ,3' Untranslated Regions ,Molecular Biology ,Neoplasm Staging ,030304 developmental biology ,Pharmacology ,0303 health sciences ,Bladder cancer ,biology ,business.industry ,RNA, Circular ,Transforming growth factor beta ,medicine.disease ,Up-Regulation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Vascular endothelial growth factor C ,Lymphatic Metastasis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,Signal transduction ,business ,Neoplasm Transplantation - Abstract
Lymphatic metastasis constitutes a leading cause of recurrence and mortality in bladder cancer. Accumulating evidence indicates that lymphangiogenesis is indispensable to trigger lymphatic metastasis. However, the specific mechanism is poorly understood. In the present study, we revealed a pathway involved in lymphatic metastasis of bladder cancer, in which a circular RNA (circRNA) facilitated lymphangiogenesis in a vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C)-independent manner. Novel circRNA circEHBP1 was markedly upregulated in bladder cancer and correlated positively with lymphatic metastasis and poor prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. circEHBP1 upregulated transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1) expression through physically binding to miR-130a-3p and antagonizing the suppression effect of miR-130a-3p on the 3' UTR region of TGFBR1. Subsequently, circEHBP1-mediated TGFβR1 overexpression activated the TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway, thereby promoting the secretion of VEGF-D and driving lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in bladder cancer. Importantly, administration of VEGF-D neutralizing antibodies remarkably blocked circEHBP1-induced lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in vivo. Our findings highlighted that the circEHBP1/miR-130a-3p/TGFβR1/VEGF-D axis contributes to lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of bladder cancer independent of VEGF-C, which might lead to the development of circEHBP1 as a potential biomarker and promising therapeutic target for lymphatic metastasis in bladder cancer.
- Published
- 2021
42. Near telomere-to-telomere nuclear phased chromosomes of the dikaryotic wheat fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis
- Author
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Qingdong Zeng, Wenjin Cao, Wei Li, Jianhui Wu, Melania Figueroa, Huiquan Liu, Guowei Qin, Qinhu Wang, Liming Yang, Yan Zhou, Yunxin Yu, Lin Huang, Shengjie Liu, Yuming Luo, Zhiying Mu, Xiang Li, Jiajie Liu, Xiaoting Wang, Changfa Wang, Fengping Yuan, Huaigu Chen, Haibin Xu, Peter N. Dodds, Dejun Han, and Zhensheng Kang
- Abstract
Rhizoctonia cerealis (Rce), which causes sharp eyespot, is one of the most destructive wheat pathogens. However, the genetic and molecular virulence mechanisms of Rce have not been elucidated. As a dikaryotic organism, the haplotype phasing of this fungus has not been completed so far. We applied a haplotype phasing algorithm to generate a high-quality near telomere-to-telomere nuclear-phased genome sequence of Rce strain R0301. Sixteen pairs of chromosomes were assigned to the A and B genomes with a total size of 83 Mb. Based on a dual-time course RNA-seq, 25308 genes were predicted. Genes for steroid biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism were significantly enriched, together with many genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and secreted effector proteins, which should be involved in infection of wheat plants. Population genomic analysis of 31 isolates collected in China during the last forty years suggests that this population has not undergone substantial differentiation over time.ImportanceThe finished genome reference is the basis of revealing pathogens’ biology base. Many efforts have been made to produce the chromosome-scale assembly of fungi. However, the reference of many pathogenic fungi is highly fragmented, which prevents the analysis of genome structure variation, evolution and import pathogenicity genes. Here, we assembly the only chromosome-scale haplotype-phased reference of dikaryotic fungus so far. This assembly achieves the gold standard based on many evaluation software, which indicates that the pipeline developed in this study can be applied to assemble references for other dikaryotic organisms. This work can also promote the research on the globe’s destructive wheat pathogens, sharp eyespot, caused by R. cerealis.
- Published
- 2022
43. Numerical study on high-frequency effect of rail corrugation on subway-induced environmental vibrations
- Author
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Sen Wang, Tao Xin, Pengsong Wang, Yi Yang, Peng Chen, Lei Zhao, Sihe Zhao, and Yuming Luo
- Subjects
Soil ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Railroads ,Vibration - Abstract
Rail corrugation is a common phenomenon in railway engineering, but its high-frequency effects on environmental vibrations are neglected in most previous research. Therefore, a hybrid numerical method was proposed in this paper to analyze subway-induced ground vibrations, especially in the high-frequency range caused by rail corrugation. The analysis model composed of a three-dimensional (3D) load generation subsystem and a two-dimensional (2D) wave propagation subsystem was established based on the vehicle-track coupling method and finite element method, and validated by the measured data. Then the high-frequency effects under different tunnel depths and rail fasteners were further studied. The results show that high-frequency vibrations propagate radially from the tunnel wall to the surrounding soil and transmit to the ground by the dominant path under different tunnel depths. The increase of tunnel depths could result in more serious high-frequency effects in the vibration amplification region. When the depth changes from 17 to 29 m, the 250 Hz ground vibration at around 30 m away from the track increases by 5.6 dB. Besides, it was found that in the commonly used range, the reduction of fastener stiffness can effectively eliminate high-frequency ground vibrations, while there is a significant nonlinear relationship between fastener damping and high-frequency vibration. The findings of this paper could provide references for parameter design in subway construction and rail corrugation remediation, and help create better living environments.
- Published
- 2022
44. Circular RNA circMBOAT2 promotes prostate cancer progression via a miR-1271-5p/mTOR axis
- Author
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Juanyi Shi, Yuming Luo, Luping Chen, Cheng Liu, Kaixuan Guo, Zhuang Tang, Yinjie Su, Changhao Chen, and Kewei Xu
- Subjects
Male ,Aging ,Carcinogenesis ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,circMBOAT2 ,Biology ,urologic and male genital diseases ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease-Free Survival ,Metastasis ,Cohort Studies ,Mice ,Prostate cancer ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Cell Movement ,Circular RNA ,In vivo ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,metastasis ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Cell Proliferation ,Sirolimus ,PI3K/Akt ,TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ,Computational Biology ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,RNA, Circular ,Cell Biology ,prostate cancer ,medicine.disease ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,Up-Regulation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,Cell culture ,Disease Progression ,mTOR ,Cancer research ,Signal Transduction ,Research Paper - Abstract
Patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa) have poor prognosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate biological processes in a variety of cancers, but the precise roles of circRNAs in PCa are poorly understood. Herein, we identified a novel circRNA, termed circMBOAT2 (has_circ_0007334), which was significantly overexpressed in PCa tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of circMBOAT2 was associated with high Gleason score, advanced pathological T stage, and poor prognosis. Overexpression of circMBOAT2 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of PCa cells in vitro, and enhanced tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, circMBOAT2 overexpression upregulated the expression of mTOR by acting as a decoy for miR-1271-5p, resulting in the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, ultimately promoting the progression of PCa. Importantly, application of an inhibitor of mTOR significantly antagonized circMBOAT2-mediated PCa tumorigenesis in vivo. circMBOAT2 promotes proliferation and metastasis of PCa through miR-1271-5p/mTOR axis-mediated activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. In summary, our findings uncover a molecular mechanism in the progression of PCa and indicate that circMBOAT2 may be a useful prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in PCa.
- Published
- 2020
45. Diagnostic accuracy of photodynamic diagnosis with 5-aminolevulinic acid, hexaminolevulinate and narrow band imaging for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
- Author
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Thomas B. Lam, Jia Ping Li, Tianxin Lin, Yuming Luo, Hao Liu, Changhao Chen, Richard Sylvester, Jian Huang, Yue Zhao, and Hao Huang
- Subjects
Narrow-band imaging ,Bladder cancer ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Photodynamic diagnosis ,narrow band imaging ,Diagnostic accuracy ,Cystoscopy ,medicine.disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hexaminolevulinate ,Medicine ,diagnostic accuracy ,False positive rate ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,Non muscle invasive ,non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer ,white light-guided cystoscopy ,Research Paper ,photodynamic diagnosis - Abstract
Objective: To assess the diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) of photodynamic diagnosis with 5-aminolaevulinic acid (5-ALA), hexylaminolevulinate (HAL) and narrow band imaging (NBI) for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), with white light-guided cystoscopy (WLC) as reference standard. Materials and Methods: A systematic review and narrative synthesis was performed in accordance with PRISMA. Major electronic databases were searched until 20th May 2019. All studies assessing the DTA of 5-ALA, HAL and NBI compared with WLC at patient and lesion-level were included. Relevant sensitivity analyses and risk of bias (RoB) assessment were undertaken. Results: 26 studies recruiting 3979 patients were eligible for inclusion. For patient-level analysis, NBI appeared to be the best (median sensitivity (SSY) 100%, median specificity (SPY) 68.45%, median positive predictive value (PPV) 90.75%, median negative predictive value (NPV) 100% and median false positive rate (FPR) 31.55%), showing better DTA outcomes than either HAL or 5-ALA. For lesion-level analysis, median SSY across NBI, HAL and 5-ALA were 93.08% (IQR 87.04-98.81%), 93.16% (IQR 91.48-97.04%) and 94.42% (IQR 82.37-95.73%) respectively. As for FPR, median values for NBI, HAL and 5-ALA were 20.40% (IQR 13.68-27.36%), 17.43% (IQR 12.79-22.40%) and 28.12% (IQR 22.08-42.39%), respectively. Sensitivity analyses based on studies with low to moderate RoB and studies with n>100 patients show similar findings. Conclusions: NBI appears to outperform 5-ALA and HAL in terms of diagnostic accuracy. All three modalities present high FPR, hence indicating the ability to detect additional cases and lesions beyond WLC.
- Published
- 2020
46. An HGF-dependent positive feedback loop between bladder cancer cells and fibroblasts mediates lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis
- Author
-
Changhao Chen, Yuting Li, Yuming Luo, Hanhao Zheng, Yan Lin, Mingjie An, Yao Kong, Yue Zhao, Yina Yin, Le Ai, Yiyao Ya, Jian Huang, and Zhihua Li
- Subjects
skin and connective tissue diseases - Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are essential etiologic actors in promoting tumor progression via extensive reciprocal interactions with cancer cells. Yet, the biological role and regulatory mechanism of CAFs phenotype underlying lymph node (LN) metastasis of bladder cancer (BCa) remain unclear. Here, we report that BCa cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) played an important role in the CAF-enriched microenvironment, which correlated with BCa lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis. RNA sequencing identified an EV-associated long noncoding RNA, LINC00665, which acted as a crucial mediator of CAF infiltration in BCa. LINC00665 mediated EV release from BCa cells to endow fibroblasts with the CAF phenotype, which reciprocally induced LINC00665 upregulation to form a RAB27B-HGF-c-Myc positive feedback loop, facilitating BCa lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis. Importantly, we demonstrate that Cabozantinib significantly suppressed LINC00665-mediated BCa LN metastasis in an orthotopic xenograft model. Our study highlights a molecular mechanism by which LINC00665 induces a RAB27B-HGF-c-Myc positive feedback loop between cancer cells and fibroblasts to sustain BCa LN metastasis, and represents LINC00665 as a potential therapeutic target in BCa LN metastasis.
- Published
- 2022
47. Exosomal long noncoding RNA LNMAT2 promotes lymphatic metastasis in bladder cancer
- Author
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Yao Kong, Guangzheng Zhong, Changhao Chen, Jun Li, Tianxin Lin, Jian Huang, Hongwei Liu, Yuting Li, Wang He, Yue Zhao, Yuming Luo, and Rufu Chen
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein ,Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ,Mice, Nude ,Exosomes ,Metastasis ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,RNA, Neoplasm ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Lymph node ,Homeodomain Proteins ,Tube formation ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Chemistry ,Tumor Suppressor Proteins ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Long non-coding RNA ,Microvesicles ,Lymphangiogenesis ,030104 developmental biology ,Lymphatic system ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Lymphatic Metastasis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Female ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,Research Article - Abstract
Patients with bladder cancer (BCa) with clinical lymph node (LN) metastasis have an extremely poor prognosis. VEGF-C has been demonstrated to play vital roles in LN metastasis in BCa. However, approximately 20% of BCa with LN metastasis exhibits low VEGF-C expression, suggesting a VEGF-C-independent mechanism for LN metastasis of BCa. Herein, we demonstrate that BCa cell-secreted exosome-mediated lymphangiogenesis promoted LN metastasis in BCa in a VEGF-C-independent manner. We identified an exosomal long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), termed lymph node metastasis-associated transcript 2 (LNMAT2), that stimulated human lymphatic endothelial cell (HLEC) tube formation and migration in vitro and enhanced tumor lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, LNMAT2 was loaded to BCa cell-secreted exosomes by directly interacting with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1). Subsequently, exosomal LNMAT2 was internalized by HLECs and epigenetically upregulated prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) expression by recruitment of hnRNPA2B1 and increasing the H3K4 trimethylation level in the PROX1 promoter, ultimately resulting in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Therefore, our findings highlight a VEGF-C-independent mechanism of exosomal lncRNA-mediated LN metastasis and identify LNMAT2 as a therapeutic target for LN metastasis in BCa.
- Published
- 2019
48. miR-3613 Regulates Gastric Cancer Cells Proliferation, Invasion, Migration and Apoptosis by Targeting Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 4
- Author
-
Wei Cao and Yuming Luo
- Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment ,Biomedical Engineering ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Bioengineering ,Biology ,law.invention ,Cytokine ,Apoptosis ,law ,Cancer cell ,medicine ,Cancer research ,Suppressor ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-3613 on the biological functions of gastric cancer cell lines. The expression of miR-3613 and SOCS4 in gastric cancer cells were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot. The target genes of miR-3613 were verified with the luciferase reporter system and western blot. The SOCS4 overexpression plasmid was constructed and transfected into gastric cancer cells. To further investigate the function of miR-3613, shRNA targeting miR-3613 and SOCS4 overexpression were transfected into SGC-7901. The growth of cells was detected by CCK-8, then the cell invasion and migration ability were detected by wound healing and transwell. Furthermore, the level of cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of cell proliferation, cyclin and migration-related proteins were detected by western blot. The results revealed that the expression of miR-3613 is significantly increased in gastric cancer cells. SOCS4 is one of the target genes of miR-3613. Additionally, interference with miR-3613 promotes cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells and reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-3613 on biological function of gastric cells. Collectively, the data demonstrated that miR-3613 regulates gastric cancer cell by targeting SOCS4, which is expected to be an attractive target for the development of new drugs for the treatment of gastric cancer.
- Published
- 2019
49. Aberrant Nuclear Export of circNCOR1 Underlies SMAD7-Mediated Lymph Node Metastasis of Bladder Cancer
- Author
-
Mingjie An, Hanhao Zheng, Jian Huang, Yan Lin, Yuming Luo, Yao Kong, Mingrui Pang, Dingwen Zhang, Jiabin Yang, Jiancheng Chen, Yuanlong Li, Changhao Chen, and Tianxin Lin
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Oncology ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Transforming Growth Factor beta ,Lymphatic Metastasis ,Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ,Humans ,Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1 ,RNA, Circular ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Smad7 Protein - Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNA) containing retained introns are normally sequestered in the nucleus. Dysregulation of cellular homeostasis can drive their nuclear export, which may be involved in cancer metastasis. However, the mechanism underlying circRNA nuclear export and its role in lymph node (LN) metastasis of bladder cancer remain unclear. Here, we identify an intron-retained circRNA, circNCOR1, that is significantly downregulated in LN metastatic bladder cancer and is negatively associated with poor prognosis of patients. Overexpression of circNCOR1 inhibited lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. Nuclear circNCOR1 epigenetically promoted SMAD7 transcription by increasing heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNPL)–induced H3K9 acetylation in the SMAD7 promoter, leading to inhibition of the TGFβ-SMAD signaling pathway. Nuclear retention of circNCOR1 was regulated by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)ylation of DDX39B, an essential regulatory factor responsible for circRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic transport. Reduced SUMO2 binding to DDX39B markedly increased circNCOR1 retention in the nucleus to suppress bladder cancer LN metastasis. By contrast, SUMOylated DDX39B activated nuclear export of circNCOR1, impairing the suppressive role of circNCOR1 on TGFβ-SMAD cascade activation and bladder cancer LN metastasis. In patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, overexpression of circNCOR1 and inhibition of TGFβ signaling significantly repressed tumor growth and LN metastasis. This study highlights SUMOylation-induced nuclear export of circNCOR1 as a key event regulating TGFβ-SMAD signaling and bladder cancer lymphangiogenesis, thus supporting circNCOR1 as a novel therapeutic agent for patients with LN metastatic bladder cancer. Significance: This study identifies the novel intron-retained circNCOR1 and elucidates a SUMOylation-mediated DDX39B–circNCOR1–SMAD7 axis that regulates lymph node metastasis of bladder cancer.
- Published
- 2021
50. Corrigendum to 'Long non-coding RNA LOC389641 promotes progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and increases cell invasion by regulating E-cadherin in a TNFRSF10A-related manner' [Canc. Lett. 371 (2016) 354–365]
- Author
-
Shangyou Zheng, Huimou Chen, Yingxue Wang, Wenchao Gao, Zhiqiang Fu, Quanbo Zhou, Yanhui Jiang, Qing Lin, Langping Tan, Huilin Ye, Xiaohui Zhao, Yuming Luo, Guolin Li, Liangtao Ye, Yimin Liu, Wenzhu Li, Zhihua Li, and Rufu Chen
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Oncology - Published
- 2022
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