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Prior research has shown that user-generated content (UGC) on social media is an important source for consumers seeking information about mental health treatment. The purpose of this study is to explore UGC about prescription drugs for depression as a type of digital 'pharma' folklore. Using qualitative inquiry, the authors analyse 73 user-generated product reviews on YouTube. Findings yield a compelling portrait of people's struggle with mental illness and their treatment journey. Applying folklore as a framework provides a novel strategy for analysing and theorising the cultural worldview of a consumer group. It allows marketers to decipher the knowledge being passed on to others from product review videos and gain a deeper understanding of stories that resonate with consumers seeking treatment with depression drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to conduct a theoretical review of the differences in interaction with child and adolescent audiences on TikTok and YouTube. The review highlights the dynamics and viral challenges of TikTok, which encourages creativity and active participation, while YouTube offers a more comprehensive and educational approach. The literature review identifies three areas of interest: content created by minor influencers, communicative factors that explain their persuasiveness, and the vulnerability of minor influencers and their followers. A paucity of research comparing the behaviour of users on both platforms is observed. It is of paramount importance to consider the protection of minors and the need for greater regulation. The importance of ongoing research to adapt to new challenges in the evolving digital landscape is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media influencers (SMIs) are not only important players in marketing but have also repeatedly posted about political issues on their channels. Yet, we lack insights into the prevalence of their political communication, their portrayal of different political subjects, and factors driving content popularity among audiences. This comparative study tackles these gaps: Quota-based youth surveys in Germany and Belgium (NTotal = 2,800) informed a YouTube content analysis in both countries (NTotal = 5,740), which was complemented by video metadata (i.e. views and likes per views on videos). Our findings show that most youth encounter political content from SMIs, but on a more occasional basis. Correspondingly, we found that most of the SMIs in our sample addressed political topics rather sporadically. However, their political videos received more views and likes than their nonpolitical content, implying that their discussion of meaningful subjects garners audiences’ attention. Our five-year analysis further suggests that political topics have become more prevalent in their content over time, pointing to an upwards trend in their political communication in recent years. Moreover, findings indicate that lifestyle-based political topics (e.g., gender, health) are most frequently discussed by SMIs. Generally, political topics were most often presented in the form of commentaries or reaction videos, which has several theoretical implications. Last, our results demonstrate that commentary-style videos and those characterized by high infotainment are most liked by audiences, showing that this type of content resonates strongly with SMIs’ viewers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The current study aims to evaluate the quality and reliability of silver diamine fluoride videos available on YouTubeTM. Methods: The term 'silver diamine fluoride' was used in a YouTubeTM search. Sixty-nine videos screened and 40 of them were chosen for the study's analysis following the application of the inclusion criteria. The videos' parameters, including the number of views/likes/dislikes/comments, days since the upload, length, interaction index, viewing and like rate were collected. The videos included in the study were evaluated according to total content score, Journal of the American Medical Association Scale (JAMAS), Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI) and Modified Global Quality Score (mGQS). Videos with 0-6 points were considered to have poor content, while those with 7-13 points were determined to have high content, based on the overall content scores. Results: An average total content score of 5,03 ± 2,84 out of 13 was found in the outcomes of the study. 72.5% of the videos were categorized as low content and 27.5% as high content. The length of high-content videos is significantly larger than low-content videos (p < 0.05). VIQI, JAMAS and mGQS values of high content videos are statistically significantly higher than low content videos (p < 0.05). Conclusions: YouTubeTM videos related to silver diamine fluoride in pediatric dentistry were found to be poor in quality and low in content. International associations and universities may be take a responsibility for production of highquality videos about silver diamine fluoride in line with current guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proliferation of videos with educational purposes on social media offers unprecedented opportunities for informal learning in virtual space. Yet, research on learner engagement with educational videos in informal learning on social media has been scarce, despite its central role in learning. This study addresses this research gap. Specifically, we investigate how signalling mechanisms (signals and anchors) affect cognitive engagement. We sample YouTube educational videos and analyse the effects of signals and anchors on cognitive engagement on Reddit. Our analyses show that different signals and anchors affect cognitive engagement differently. Textual signals positively associate with cognitive engagement, while visual signals do not. Mathematical models are negatively related to cognitive engagement, and physical models are not correlated with cognitive engagement significantly. Our findings provide valuable empirical knowledge on cognitive engagement with educational videos on social media. This study enriches the understanding of signalling mechanisms and extends the literature on educational videos and multimedia learning. It is also beneficial for video designers and developers to optimise cognitive engagement with the appropriate use of signals and anchors and make online experiences more engaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of our narrative review is to summarize the utilization of social media (SoMe) platforms for research communication within the field of surgery. We searched the PubMed database for articles in the last decade that discuss the utilization of SoMe in surgery and then categorized the diverse purposes of SoMe. SoMe proved to be a powerful tool for disseminating articles. Employing strategic methods like visual abstracts enhances article citation rates, the impact factor, h-index, and Altmetric score (an emerging alternative metric that comprehensively and instantly quantifies the social impact of scientific papers). SoMe also proved valuable for surgical education, with online videos shared widely for surgical training. However, it is essential to acknowledge the associated risk of inconsistency in quality. Moreover, SoMe facilitates discussion on specific topics through hashtags or closed groups and is instrumental in recruiting surgeons, with over half of general surgery residency programs in the US efficiently leveraging these platforms to attract the attention of potential candidates. Thus, there is a wealth of evidence supporting the effective use of SoMe for surgeons. In the contemporary era where SoMe is widely utilized, surgeons should be well-versed in this evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air pollution is a pervasive global public health threat. The purpose of this study was to assess the content of 100 widely viewed English language YouTube videos on air pollution using the search term 'air pollution.' Content categories were created using comprehensive fact sheets and were coded as being present or not in each video. Cumulatively, the 100 videos sampled received 32,826,294 views and 303,692 likes, with averages of 328,263 and 3,068 respectively. The majority of videos (n = 72) were created by broadcast or internet-based news, 12 of the videos were created by professionals, 7 were created by a consumer and 9 were created by others. Three kinds of content were featured in a majority (> 50%) of the videos: "sources of pollution," "environmental impacts," and "solutions offered" and the videos covering each of these topics collectively garnered more than 26 million views and 249,000 likes. Independent one-tailed t-tests (α = 0.05) showed an association between covering sources of pollution and the number of views and likes. For both, videos featuring this content had a higher average number of views (467,391.08 vs. 80,924.03, p =.0383) and likes (4,450.78 vs. 647.03, p =.0383). Additionally, videos showing environmental impacts received more views than those that did not (547,901.49 vs. 80,585.43, p =.0373). This research can serve as a starting point to describe information being conveyed about an important global public health problem. Future research is needed to improve understanding about ways to utilize YouTube and other social media for public health education and advocacy to increase consumers' awareness and facilitate the informed decision-making process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

YouTube is one of the primary platforms for the creation and distribution of audiovisual content. Consequently, brands leverage its potential for the dissemination of branded content projects. This paper examines the case of BBVA's "Aprendemos juntos" ("Learning Together"), whose YouTube channel boasts over four million subscribers. The research objectives are to characterize the distribution model and analyse the content to identify its key elements, delving into the fundamental principles of branded content. In order to achieve this objective, a methodology has been devised which employs a quantitative analysis of the channel's videos between 2019 and 2023, in addition to a content analysis of the most significant pieces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an English as Foreign Language context like Saudi Arabia, university business students face a difficult challenge to speak in English and to understand what is spoken. The students don't have the opportunity in their daily life to listen to native speakers in or outside the classroom, but they are expected to listen to the text book audios in the classes spoken by the native speakers of English. Therefore, the difficulty rises in Listening and Speaking Skills Course as the students are not exposed to the British accent. In order to solve this problem, the researcher used YouTube videos spoken by the native speakers in the experimental group, and the control group just had the normal practice of listening to only the textbook audios. The researcher adopted quasi-experimental design with pretest and posttest in both control and experimental groups and analyzed the performance of the students using SPSS and Excel. The study proved that the results of experimental group improved significantly in their listening comprehension skills and performed better in their presentations than the control group. In the English as Foreign Language contexts, where business students fail to have exposure to the native accent of English, YouTube videos can make a great contribution in improving their listening and speaking skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Current Research in Dental Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acibadem Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Acibadem University Medical School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Considering the adverse clinical consequences of pathologic tachycardia and the potential anxiety caused by physiological tachycardia in some heathy individuals, it is imperative to disseminate health information related to tachycardia for promotion in early diagnosis and appropriate management. YouTube has been increasingly used to access health care information. The aim of this study is to assess the quality and reliability of English YouTube videos focusing on tachycardia and further delve into strategies to enhance the quality of online health resources. Methods: We conducted a search using the specific key words "tachycardia" in YouTube online library on December 2, 2023. The first 150 videos, ranked by "relevance", were initially recorded. After exclusions, a total of 113 videos were included. All videos were extracted for characteristics and categorized based on different topics, sources or contents. Two independent raters assessed the videos using Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, Modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) tool, Global Quality Scale (GQS) and Tachycardia-Specific Scale (TSS), followed by statistical analyses. All continuous data in the study were presented as median (interquartile range). Results: The videos had a median JAMA score of 2.00 (1.00), mDISCERN of 3.00 (1.00), GQS of 2.00 (1.00), and TSS of 6.00 (4.50). There were significant differences in JAMA (P < 0.001), mDISCERN (P = 0.004), GQS (P = 0.001) and TSS (P < 0.001) scores among different sources. mDISCERN (P = 0.002), GQS (P < 0.001) and TSS (P = 0.030) scores significantly differed among various contents. No significant differences were observed in any of the scores among video topics. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that VPI exhibited significant correlations with quality and reliability. Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that longer video duration, sources of academics and healthcare professionals were independent predictors of higher reliability and quality, while content of ECG-specific information was an independent predictor of lower quality. Conclusions: The reliability and educational quality of current tachycardia-related videos on YouTube are low. Longer video duration, sources of academics and healthcare professionals were closely associated with higher video reliability and quality. Improving the quality of internet medical information and optimizing online patient education necessitates collaborative efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Are refugee women invisible in the media? Extant media portrayals often make use of stereotypical representations, in that women are represented as vulnerable and passive victims. Within the theoretical frameworks of agenda setting and framing, vulnerability and agency, digital emotion contagion and distant suffering, this study investigates media coverage on refugee women by four popular international news outlets on the basis of their YouTube presence from 2011 to 2021. We applied automated data gathering to extract relevant videos which were manually coded and analyzed. In addition, we applied an automated topic modeling and sentiment analysis. The results are ambiguous but in general reflect existing findings: refugee women are marginalized in media coverage, and their portrayal is often stereotypical presenting them as vulnerable victims. The results highlight the need to sensitize journalists for a non-stereotypical reporting and the broader public for a more critical stance towards media coverage of refugee women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colleges and universities in the United States spend over $2 billion annually on marketing and advertising. Increasingly, higher education institutions are turning to social media platforms, such as YouTube, to showcase their recruitment videos; however, to date, this body of persuasive messages has not been systematically surveyed. This study content analyzed a random sample of 251 videos promoting four-year institutions across the US that are accessible on YouTube, focusing on key persuasive factors, including the primary persuasive appeal used in the video, whether the persuasive message was stated directly or conveyed implicitly, and whether the presentation style was exposition- or narrative-based. Taking an integrative approach to content analysis, viewer responses (i.e. number of views, number of ‘likes’ and comments) were also captured and used as outcome variables in the current study. Our analysis revealed that college promotional videos tend to be brief, expository messages that explicitly encourage enrollment at the advertised schools. Additionally, institutions often promote their brands by foregrounding user imagery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The internet is a common source of health information for patients and caregivers. To date, content and information quality of YouTube videos on sarcoidosis has not been studied. The aim of our study was to investigate the content and quality of information on sarcoidosis provided by YouTube videos. Methods: Of the first 200 results under the search term "sarcoidosis," all English-language videos with content directed at patients were included. Two independent investigators assessed the content of the videos based on 25 predefined key features (content score with 0–25 points), as well as reliability and quality (HONCode score with 0–8 points, DISCERN score with 1–5 points). Misinformation contained in the videos was described qualitatively. Results: The majority of the 85 included videos were from an academic or governmental source (n = 63, 74%), and median time since upload was 33 months (IQR 10–55). Median video duration was 8 min (IQR 3–13) and had a median of 2,044 views (IQR 504 − 13,203). Quality assessment suggested partially sufficient information: mean HONCode score was 4.4 (SD 0.9) with 91% of videos having a medium quality HONCode evaluation. Mean DISCERN score was 2.3 (SD 0.5). Video content was generally poor with a mean of 10.5 points (SD 0.6). Frequently absent key features included information on the course of disease (6%), presence of substantial geographical variation (7%), and importance of screening for extrapulmonary manifestations (11%). HONCode scores were higher in videos from academic or governmental sources (p = 0.003), particularly regarding "transparency of sponsorship" (p < 0.001). DISCERN and content scores did not differ by video category. Conclusions: Most YouTube videos present incomplete information reflected in a poor content score, especially regarding screening for extrapulmonary manifestations. Quality was partially sufficient with higher scores in videos from academic or governmental sources, but often missing references and citing specific evidence. Improving patient access to trustworthy and up to date information is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses three coming-out YouTube videos to narratively map the emergence of "New Queer YouTube," a phrase used in this article to describe the evolving tactics and styles deployed by LGBTQ+ microcelebrity YouTubers over the previous decade. Encapsulated by Ingrid Nilsen's 2015 YouTube video "Something I Want You to Know (Coming Out)," 2010s-era coming-out videos represent early attempts to reconcile authentic queer disclosure with the performative conditions of microcelebrity. In the 2020s era, coming-out videos and queer YouTubers frequently acknowledge and elevate this legacy with an aesthetic that evokes the postmodern sensibilities of New Queer Cinema and "post-Stonewall" queer documentaries. Two videos are of particular interest here: Natalie Wynn's "Shame | ContraPoints," and Abigail Thorn's "Identity: A Trans Coming Out Story | Philosophy Tube ★." While the creators of these texts declare authentic queer identities to their audiences, they pursue different approaches that nonetheless tangle personal confession with performance. These videos and their respective microcelebrity personas wield coming-out and LGBTQ+ embodiment as devices to simultaneously claim agency over a queer identity and, ultimately, enhance perceived authenticity through the revelation of performance and the reflexive rebirth of digital persona. These strategies exemplify an aesthetic of queer, postmodern YouTube microcelebrity necessitated, in part, by the site's increasing stratification and precarity as a meaningfully user-generated platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article draws from an ethnographic investigation of YouTube to argue the significant and specific role of advertising in the governance of platformised cultural production. We pursue this investigation in a critical dialog with theoretical approaches drawn from platform governance, platformisation and political economy communications, foregrounding the concept of the audience commodity. In our analysis of official and unofficial YouTube content, the role and desires of advertisers were discussed in depth. Community commentary videos publicly argued that YouTube cared about advertisers more than a content creating community; marketing-orientated entrepreneurial growth content advised creators to pursue a 'buying audience'; and YouTube's official communications painstakingly reminded creators to 'put themselves in advertisers' shoes'. Each of these perspectives contributes an understanding of the ways advertising structurally shapes the governance of cultural production in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite broad skepticism within the scientific community regarding paranormal phenomena such as ghosts and unidentified flying objects (UFOs), many members of the public believe in these phenomena. Previous studies have argued that viewing paranormal-themed television—including documentary, reality, and news programming—can cultivate such beliefs. In addition, recent research suggests that the online video-sharing platform YouTube may serve as an important source of messages about fringe phenomena. With that in mind, this study builds on theoretical accounts of genre-specific cultivation and social media affordances to examine how YouTube videos present paranormal topics and whether YouTube use predicts belief in the paranormal. A content analysis of 50 highly viewed YouTube videos about paranormal topics (25 about hauntings and 25 about UFOs) showed that a large majority of these videos featured paranormal claims and that a majority included purported footage of paranormal phenomena. Scientific sources appeared in only a quarter of UFO videos and almost no haunting videos, while government sources appeared in most UFO videos, but few haunting videos. An analysis of data from a survey of the U.S. public (n = 1,035), in turn, found that paranormal documentary or reality television viewing, paranormal news use, and YouTube use predicted belief in hauntings, controlling for a range of other media use variables and background factors. These results highlight the potential for video-sharing platforms such as YouTube to reinforce paranormal beliefs among the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite opaque automated systems and few formal channels for participation, YouTubers navigate algorithmic governance on the platform through a strategy we call user-generated accountability: the generation of publicity via content creation to reveal failures, oversights, or harmful policies. Through an analysis of 250 videos, we identify common strategies, concerns, and targets of accountability. Creators primarily upload vlogs that acknowledge the platform's positive aspects, even as they express concern with YouTube's policies, automated enforcement systems, poor communication practices, and discrimination against certain creators or content. In publicizing critiques of platform operations, videos enroll creators and audiences as active stakeholders in platform governance that can coordinate actions to draw the company's attention to matters of concern. We argue that user-generated accountability practices offer a productive starting point for understanding how platform governance disputes come to be and how systems might be shaped or rebuilt to better serve the needs of competing stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: YouTube has educational videos on inhalers. However, their content and quality are not adequately known. Objectives: This study investigated the quality and content of educational YouTube videos on inhalers. Methods: This descriptive study analyzed 178 YouTube videos on inhalers between May and July 2022. Two researchers independently evaluated the videos. The Global Quality Score (GQS), Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark Criteria, and Inhaler Application Checklist (IAC) were used to assess the quality and content of the videos. Spearman's correlation, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, ANOVA, and Post hoc analysis Bonferroni test were used for data analysis. Results: The videos had a mean GQS score of 3.70 ± 1.24, and JAMA score of 2.22 ± 0.60. A negative correlation was between the quality score of the videos and views, likes, comments, duration, and likes/views (respectively; r = −0.237 p < 0.005, r = −0.217 p < 0.003, r = −0.220 p < 0.005, r = −0.147, p < 0.005). The videos narrated by nurses and doctors had significantly higher mean JAMA and GQS scores than others (p = 0.001). The videos missed some procedural steps [gargling (29.1%), adding no more than five ml of medication and device cleaning (41.9%), and exhaling through the nose (37.5%)]. Videos uploaded by individual missed significantly more procedural steps than professional organizations (p < 0.05). Conclusions: YouTube videos about inhaler techniques have a moderate level of quality. Videos uploaded by doctors and nurses as content narrators were of higher quality. The videos missed some procedural steps. Individual video uploaders had higher missed procedural steps. Counseling should be provided to patients regarding the reliability of online information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, social media platforms have introduced several measures to counter misleading information. Among these measures are "state-media labels" which help users identify and evaluate the credibility of state-backed news. YouTube was the first platform to introduce labels that provide information about state-backed news channels. While previous work has examined the efficiency of information labels in controlled lab settings, few studies have examined how state-media labels affect users' perceptions of content from state-backed outlets. This article proposes new methodological and theoretical approaches to investigate the effect of state-media labels on users' engagement with content. Drawing on a content analysis of 8,071 YouTube comments posted before and after the labeling of five state-funded channels (Al Jazeera English [AJE], China Global Television Network, Russia Today [RT], TRT World, and Voice of America [VOA] News), this article analyses the effect that YouTube's labels had on users' engagement with state-backed media content. We found that the labels had no impact on the amount of likes that the videos received before and after the policy introduction, except for RT which received less likes after it was labeled. However, for RT, comments left by users were associated with 30% decrease in the likelihood of observing a critical comment following the policy implementation, and a 70% decrease in likelihood of observing a critical comment about RT as a media source. While other state-funded broadcasters, like AJE and VOA News, received fewer critical comments after YouTube introduced its policy; this relationship was associated with how political the video was, rather than the policy change. Our study contributes to the ongoing discussion on the efficacy of platform governance in relation to state-backed media, showing that audience preferences impact the effectiveness of labels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

YouTube is the third most popular app in the world and continues to grow each year while it reaches over 2 billion users a month. A variety of veterinary topics are addressed on YouTube but to date there have been no studies analysing misinformation of various canine cancer topics on YouTube or social media. This study described the characteristics of 99 unique videos and used the validated DISCERN quality criteria for consumer health information and the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) to characterize their usefulness. The overall median DISCERN quality score was 3 (out of 5), the median PEMAT understandability score was 72%, and 61% of videos contained little to no misinformation. 53% of videos were created by veterinarians and this subset had significantly higher PEMAT understandability and DISCERN quality scores compared with client‐created content (p =.0228 and p ≤.0001, respectively). Videos with little to no misinformation had statistically significant higher DISCERN quality scores (3 vs. 2, p =.0001). There was no statistical significance between misinformation levels and video length, PEMAT understandability, thumbs up/view, or views/mo. These data reveal similar rates of misinformation in videos on canine cancer compared to that reported for various human cancer topics. This study highlights the need for veterinarians to guide clients to more reliable and understandable information regarding their pet's health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

#MeToo is a digital social movement that has garnered significant attention from feminist scholars since the hashtag obtained viral fame in 2017. Nonetheless, how survivors of sexual violence experience participating in #MeToo remains an understudied question. In this paper we analyze vlogs posted on YouTube under the hashtag to understand how women represent the affordances and drawbacks of participating in the movement, and how they imagine their experiential narratives may affect other survivors. We argue that vloggers represent #MeToo as a forum for breaking the culture of silence that structures sexual violence. As they narrate their experiences, vloggers challenge silencing mechanisms by cultivating voice, resistance strategies, and survivor solidarity, while encouraging viewers to similarly examine their own experiences. Vloggers also identify the emotional burdens associated with disclosure and the damages incurred by confronting rape myths and the entrenched denial of perpetrator guilt as drawbacks of participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the summer of 2020, dozens of high-profile influencers in videogaming entertainment were accused of sexual harassment and predatory behavior. Among them, popular gaming YouTuber Craig Thompson (username Mini Ladd) confessed on Twitter to sexting minors but resumed uploading content to his YouTube channel one month later, resulting in public outcry. Thompson's return to YouTube, as a case study, illustrates how predatory influencers can manipulate technical affordances across social media platforms to insulate themselves from accountability and maintain their revenue and audience. Drawing on data scraped from Twitter (34k tweets) and YouTube (62k comments and video network data), this article uses a mixed-methods social network analysis (Jean Burgess and Ariadna Matamoros-Fernández, 2016) to map the public effort to deplatform Mini Ladd. This case study explores issues of cross-platform insulation and audience manipulation by demonstrating how a predatory influencer: 1) censored keywords in his comments to obfuscate criticism; 2) optimized YouTube's video algorithms to avoid references to his scandal; and 3) upheld harassment towards his young fanbase. Ultimately, I argue that YouTube's policies are ill-equipped to manage the networked practices of predatory influencers and that the platform's reliance on morally motivated networked harassment (Alice E. Marwick, 2021) as a substitute is troubling and ineffective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigating the growing concern of pediatric burn injuries caused by social media challenges. Adolescents, seeking fame or succumbing to peer pressure, engage in risky behaviors, recording and sharing them online. The study presents two case reports detailing severe burn injuries resulting from such challenges, highlighting the physical and psychological toll on affected children and their families. In Case report 1, a 14-year-old suffered severe burns attempting a TikTok challenge involving igniting a soaked t-shirt. The patient's critical condition necessitated intensive care, surgical procedures, and skin grafts, accompanied by complications like anemia and sepsis. Case report 2 features a 9-year-old who sustained extensive burns while attempting another social media challenge. Treatment included escharolysis, skin grafts, and surgeries, with complications managed during the recovery process. A literature review explores social media-generated burn injuries, revealing their physical and psychological impact. The influence of social proof and peer pressure on adolescents' behavior in the digital age is discussed. The pandemic's effect on mental health is considered, emphasizing the vulnerability of adolescents to such challenges. In conclusion, the paper highlights the rising incidence of teen burn injuries linked to social media challenges. Urgent measures are needed to restrict the promotion of risky behaviors on social platforms. Alongside state-of-the-art burn treatments, comprehensive psychological care is essential for young patients and their families to cope with trauma. Increased content monitoring and the dissemination of prevention materials are recommended to mitigate the occurrence of such incidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pattern hair loss, the most common form of hair loss, affects millions in the United States. Americans are increasingly seeking health information from social media. It would appear that healthcare professionals contribute relatively minimally to pattern hair loss content, thereby posing serious concerns for credibility and quality of information available to the general public. Objectives: This study evaluates popular pattern hair loss‐related content on Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube, aiming to understand effective engagement strategies for healthcare professionals on social media. Methods: The top 60 short‐form videos were extracted from Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube, using the search term "pattern hair loss" and inclusion of USA‐based accounts only. Videos were categorized by creator type (healthcare vs. non‐healthcare professional), content type (informational, interactional, and transactional), and analyzed for user engagement and quality, using engagement ratios and DISCERN scores, respectively. Conclusions: Healthcare professionals, especially dermatologists, play a crucial role in delivering credible information on social media, supported by higher DISCERN scores. Multi‐platform presence, frequent activity, and strategic content creation contributes to increased reach and engagement. Duration of short‐form videos does not impact engagement. The "Duet" or "Remix" options on TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube serve as a valuable tool for healthcare professionals to counter misinformation. Our study underscores the importance of optimizing educational impact provided by health care professionals at a time when the public increasingly relies on social media for medical information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Midwifery & Health Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: Bruxism in children is a common health issue that causes discomfort in the jaw joint and surrounding muscles, negatively affecting daily activities and quality of life. As individuals increasingly turn to online platforms for health information, the accuracy and reliability of this information become crucial. This study aims to evaluate the content and quality of online information on bruxism in children, facilitating access to accurate and reliable patient information and aiding in more informed decision-making regarding treatment options. Material and Method: This study searched the term 'Bruxism in Children' on YouTube™, evaluating the first 100 relevant videos and selecting 18 videos for further analysis. Data on view count, video length, time since upload, likes and dislikes, number of comments, uploader, interaction index, and views were recorded. The Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information (DISCERN), the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA), and Global Quality Scale (GQS) assessed patient viewers' medical accuracy, content quality, understandability, and suitability. Results: Most videos were uploaded by health professionals and educators. However, videos uploaded by health professionals did not have significantly higher GQS scores than those uploaded by patients. When categorized by the source of upload, videos from health professionals did not score significantly higher in reliability than other groups. Conclusion: There is a scarcity of videos on bruxism in children on the YouTube™ platform, providing limited benefits and insufficient information. Despite expectations for more accurate information from health professional-produced content, these professionals must upload more comprehensive and understandable videos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Influencers who talk about healthy eating are extremely popular. This research enriches our understanding of the staging of everyday life through vlogs by deciphering the food practices staged by female Youtubeers, and by characterizing the constitutive elements of these practices. The research reveals that these practices are based on specific material like totemic foods, on meanings that echo followers' concerns (plant-based diet, time optimization), and on skills serving simplicity and efficiency. Relational proximity and exemplarity (especially physical) are central in the videos. The findings of the article allow for recommending how public authorities could adopt these canons of digital communication, which are characterized here as a community of practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I look at the relationship between human olfaction, digital platforms, and everyday media practices in contemporary capitalist contexts. In the first section, I map what I describe as interfaced anosmia, or the absence of smell from mundane media devices. This absence is especially glaring given how olfaction uniquely lends itself to certain mediated forms of affective modulation. In the second section, I look at the platformization of the luxury fragrance industry, across three sites of analysis to reveal how, despite the conditions of interfaced anosmia, smell has already been shaped on and by platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study critically examines the public's perception of Florence Nightingale's legacy through a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of digital media, specifically podcasts and YouTube. Nightingale, who is often remembered as "The Lady with the Lamp", holds a complex identity within modern narratives that is celebrated for her pioneering contributions to nursing and public health, even if there are some disagreements about her, given the colonialist setting that may have shaped some of her opinions and decisions. This research employed CDA to analyze 25 podcasts and 18 YouTube videos, which were systematically included according to a priori inclusion criteria. The study synthesized how these media products portray Nightingale and, by extension, shape public discourse about the nursing profession. The findings reveal five thematic representations of Nightingale: as a legendary figure, a modern feminist, a dedicated statistician, a pioneer in public health, and a pivotal STEM contributor. These portrayals challenge traditional nursing stereotypes by emphasizing Nightingale's role as a rigorous scientist and reformer, suggesting broader perceptions of nurses that encompass leadership, analytical skills, and strategic thinking. The study supports the hypothesis that digital narratives significantly influence the public's understanding and appreciation of nursing, advocating for a more nuanced professional identity that integrates traditional caregiving roles with critical and analytical capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia / Journal Canadien d'Anesthésie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study focused on the news production volume of media, personal current affairs, and personal general channels that coexist on social media after the confirmation of political rumors. It also examined user reactions according to sentiments expressed in video titles. The decline in personal general channels was large after the confirmation, but personal current affairs channels were not affected by authenticity. Analysis of right-wing patterns of comments, users of personal current affairs channels responded more actively to titles that express positive/negative sentiments than neutral titles. However, the study found no significant changes in media videos. This study emphasizes the need for news producers to verify political rumors and the critical participation of users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we argue that YouTube’s algorithm should be programmed to make a modest but significant percentage (e.g. 2%) of recommendations for the climate. Just as a librarian has a (meta-editorial) responsibility to highlight certain titles and not others, we believe that so should YouTube’s algorithm. The company, we argue, has duties of content moderation, reparation and meta-editing, as well as strong consequentialist reasons to program its algorithm to do so. With 2 billion users, our proposed intervention could be an effective contribution to mitigating the climate crisis in a transparent and accountable way. We consider different setups, with varying degrees of transparency and centralization. We then address the worries that such a project may raise: the risk of manipulation, the threat of a slippery slope, and the concerns for freedom of expression. We conclude that none of these elements seriously undermine the desirability of our proposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bagcilar Medical Bulletin / Bağcılar Tıp Bülteni is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Social media use is an integral part of people's daily routine nowadays. Obviously, individuals with visual impairment are not excluded and use social media as well, even though they still face accessibility issues. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the existing literature on social media used by individuals with visual impairment and of the ways social media have been conceptualized throughout it. A literature search took place in the databases EBSCOhost, ERIC, Scopus and ResearchGate as well as the search engine Google Scholar. A total of 13 studies, published from 2011 to 2022 met our criteria and were included in this scoping review. According to our results, Facebook is the most used social media website by individuals with visual impairment as it was referenced in almost every single one of the studies reviewed and was recognized as the most used by individuals with visual impairment in the majority of them. Twitter is the second most popular social media website among individuals with visual impairment, followed by YouTube, WhatsApp, LinkedIn, Instagram, and Skype. Consequently, the statement that Facebook is the most popular social media website based on the number of its users is also confirmed with regard to users with visual impairment. However, the fact that an instant messaging service, such as WhatsApp, is recognized among researchers as a social medium when various social media definitions in the existing literature exclude this type of services showcases the confusion prevailing among researchers in this field. Thus, the literature would greatly benefit if researchers proposed a more thorough and robust definition for the widely, often inaccurately, used term social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to perform a bibliometric analysis to discover what topics of dental YouTube videos have been investigated by the scientific literature, and evaluate how video characteristics were related to citation count. The Scopus electronic literature database was accessed to identify relevant papers. After screening, a total of 128 papers entered the analysis. The bibliographic data were provided by Scopus, whereas content evaluations were manually performed. Most papers evaluated videos recorded in English (85.9%). Each of the 128 papers analyzed a mean (±SD) of 79.2 ± 61.6 videos. Mean journal impact factor was 1.8 ± 1.4, and mean citation count was 13.0 ± 22.4. The preference for publication of papers was inclined towards dental journals (80.5%), with the majority (54.7%) being published without open access. Papers dealing with videos targeting patients/public had higher citations than those targeting dental professionals only (14.1 ± 23.4 vs. 4.0 ± 6.3, p < 0.001). The most represented as well as the most highly cited specialty of the dental YouTube publications was oral and maxillofacial surgery/oral medicine. Some twin or triplet studies published in the same year covering the same topic were identified, but they often covered a different number of videos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In the digital era, the internet is the go-to source of information, and patients often seek insights on medical conditions like TMJ ankylosis. YouTube, a popular platform, is widely used for this purpose. However, YouTube's lack of regulation means it can host unreliable content. Hence, the primary objective of this study is to assess the scientific quality of YouTube videos concerning TMJ ankylosis. Materials and methods: This study analyzed 59 TMJ ankylosis-related videos. Two Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery specialists assessed these videos. Data on the video source, duration, upload date, the time elapsed since upload, total views, likes, dislikes and comments, Interaction index, and viewing rate were collected and analyzed. Video quality was assessed using the Global Quality Scale (GQS) and the Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information (DISCERN), comparing health professionals and non-health professionals. Results: Health professional's videos were better in terms of GQS 3.21 ± 0.94 and DISCERN score 3.03 ± 0.75 as compared to the non-health professional videos GQS 3.0 ± 1.04, and DISCERN 2.81 ± 1.13. Health professional group videos had more reliability and better quality than the non-health professional group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: YouTube should not be relied on as a trustworthy source for high-quality and reliable information regarding TMJ ankylosis videos. Healthcare professionals must be prepared to address any ambiguous or misleading information and to prioritize building trustworthy relationships with patients through accurate diagnostic and therapeutic processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ege Journal of Medicine is the property of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores genres and narratives of gender transition on two Polish YouTube channels (forming one collective) to illustrate negotiations between transnational and local understandings, performances, and interpretations of (trans)gender identity. "Trans YouTube" is a valuable performative and discursive space, allowing (especially young) trans creators to maintain, present, and communicate the desired sense of self. The article explores multilingual and multimodal practices on Polish trans YouTube and discusses their role in localizing the transnational LGBTQ+ discourse within the local socio-cultural context. Applying the perspective of translation studies and exploring the role of translation (and non-translation) in localizing the transnational concepts of gender and sexuality makes it possible to trace the process of trans-creating the new language of the Polish trans community, a language that emphasizes trans social media users' agency and is capable of expressing their individualized and localized gender transition experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's digital world, understanding how YouTube's recommendation systems guide what we watch is crucial. This study dives into these systems, revealing how they influence the content we see over time. We found that YouTube's algorithms tend to push content in certain directions, affecting the variety and type of videos recommended to viewers. To uncover these patterns, we used a mixed methods approach to analyze videos recommended by YouTube. We looked at the emotions conveyed in videos, the moral messages they might carry, and whether they contained harmful content. Our research also involved statistical analysis to detect biases in how these videos are recommended and network analysis to see how certain videos become more influential than others. Our findings show that YouTube's algorithms can lead to a narrowing of the content landscape, limiting the diversity of what gets recommended. This has important implications for how information is spread and consumed online, suggesting a need for more transparency and fairness in how these algorithms work. In summary, this paper highlights the need for a more inclusive approach to how digital platforms recommend content. By better understanding the impact of YouTube's algorithms, we can work towards creating a digital space that offers a wider range of perspectives and voices, affording fairness, and enriching everyone's online experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media provides a repository of qualitative data relevant to difficult to research sensitive issues. Researcher practices vary in terms of how to ethically collect such data. Some argue that public social media posts can be collected without the informed consent of the authors. Others agree researchers can collect public posts but suggest anonymizing them to protect authors. For some, however, much social media activity consists of private conversations occurring in public that can only be researched with informed consent. This article contrasts confessional posts on support forums with confessional vlogs on YouTube to highlight how the affordances, norms, and genre of digital platforms require researchers to adopt different ethical practices in relation to data collected from different platforms. The article argues that researchers should familiarize themselves with a platform when they evaluate whether they are observing private conversations occurring in public or creative productions meant for widespread dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most crucial aspects of Islam's overall teachings is da'wah. Through da'wah, people can learn about, live out, and apply the principles of Islam from generation to generation. In the modern era of information globalization and the inevitable progress of technology, da'wah is essentially an endeavor to cultivate a predisposition and interest in calling someone to the teachings of Islam. Nothing can be hidden; everything is available, even things that are banned. If the missionaries don't quickly adjust to these developments, they will become obsolete. It's necessary for missionaries to be adept in social media. Islam is no longer the domain of clerics in this millennium. People can learn Islam in a variety of methods and places at any time. Modernization is a necessary step on the journey through space and time that all people must take. A shift in the dai's method of preaching ought to counterbalance this amazing shift in society. Da'wah shouldn't be conducted in a certain location or with just traditional means (lectures). Da'wah needs to be innovative, forwardthinking, and energetic. Da'wah and Islamic communication are two examples of the many patterns of scientific progress that have arisen from the world's rapid flow of knowledge and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contact lens neophytes often learn about contact lens insertion and removal through YouTube videos of unknown quality. This study evaluates the quality of soft contact lens insertion and removal videos on YouTube. A search for the keywords 'Contact lens insertion', 'Contact lens removal', 'Put in contact lens', and 'Take off contact lens' was performed on YouTube. The first 50 videos for each keyword were evaluated. The number of views, source of the publisher, days since upload, and video quality were scored based on the content in the videos. The maximum score of insertion and removal videos were 7 and 5 respectively. The videos were classified into three groups by publisher category: videos published by eye care professionals, companies and YouTubers. Only 45 contact lens insertion and 44 removal videos met the inclusion criteria and were analysed. Insertion and removal videos published by YouTubers had the highest view and view rate. However, their quality scores were significantly lower than videos published by eye care professionals and companies. Videos uploaded by companies had the highest scores (insertion: 5.00 ± 1.10; removal: 3.25 ± 0.75). The mean scores of insertion and removal videos published by YouTubers were 1.65 ± 0.93 and 1.00 ± 0.89, respectively, while the insertion and removal videos uploaded by eye care professionals scored 3.58 ± 2.07 and 2.75 ± 1.53, respectively. There was also a negative correlation between the quality scores and view rate (p = 0.008, r = -0.41). Contact lens insertion and removal videos uploaded by YouTubers had the highest view rate but the lowest quality. Videos made by companies included most essential elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the content characteristics and user responses of athlete-run sports YouTube channels, providing empirical insights for content production strategies and contributing to the development of athlete-run sports YouTube channels. Content analysis was conducted on 3306 videos posted on 20 popular YouTube channels of South Korean athletes from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. The formal characteristics analyzed included video length, the presence of foreign language subtitles, paid advertisements, and information sources. The content characteristics examined were the types of sports events, main content themes, and whether the content matched the athlete's sport. Results revealed significant differences in content characteristics and user responses based on whether the athletes were active or retired. This study's distinctive contribution lies in highlighting the evolving role of athletes as content creators and providing strategic implications for enhancing the competitiveness of athlete-run sports YouTube channels. Future research should consider a broader range of sports YouTubers and a wider variety of YouTube channels to gain comprehensive insights into the sports content ecosystem on this platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]