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Hui-Shan Huang,1 Ming-Hsien Tsai,2– 4 Hui-Ching Chuang,2,3 Yu-Tsai Lin,2– 4 Kun-Lin Yang,2,3 Hui Lu,2 Chih-Yen Chien2,3,5 1Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 2Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 3Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 4College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County, Taiwan; 5Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, TaiwanCorrespondence: Chih-Yen Chien, Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan, Tel +886-7-7317123 ext. 2533, Fax +886-7-7313855, Email cychien3965@adm.cgmh.org.twBackground: It is well known that p16 negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has a high probability of spreading to the ipsilateral neck. However, no consensus exists as to whether to perform elective treatment for clinical nodal negative in contralateral neck.Methods: A total of 85 patients with p16 negative OPSCC who underwent primary tumor excision and bilateral neck dissections between 2005 and 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Clinicopathologic variables were used to identify factors predicting occult contralateral nodal metastasis (OCNM). A nomogram was developed to assess the risk of OCNM and the model was validated internally by using bootstrap resampling.Results: The overall prevalence of pathologically positive contralateral nodes was 30.6% (26/85) in our cohort, and the rate of OCNM was 18.3% (11/60). The presence of ipsilateral clinical extranodal extension (cENE) was significantly associated with contralateral neck metastasis (odds ratio, 5.662; 95% CI, 2.079– 15.415) with increased risk of OCNM (odds ratio, 4.271; 95% CI, 1.045– 17.458). Moreover, the concordance index of the proposed nomogram model without ipsilateral cENE was 0.623 and could increase to 0.717 with the inclusion of ipsilateral cENE in the calculation.Conclusion: The risk of OCNM in p16 negative OPSCC with ipsilateral cENE is notable. Ipsilateral cENE-based nomogram might assist in individual decision-making regarding contralateral nodal negative neck management and help avoid the over- and under-treatment of p16 negative OPSCC.Keywords: p16, oropharyngeal cancer, occult contralateral neck metastasis, extranodal extension, nomogram

Meixue Yao,1,* Mengda Liu,2,* Xia Chen,3 Jianjun Li,4 Yan Li,5 Yu Run Wei,2 Yong Liu,3 Kang Long Yang,3 Xiaoxiao Duan,5 Weixing Shao,2 Xiangxiang Sun,2 Xiaoxu Fan,2 Shufang Sun,2 Lili Tian,2 Dehui Yin,1 Mingjun Sun2 1Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China; 2Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, People’s Republic of China; 3Yubei Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Products Station, Chongqing, 401120, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agriculture College, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China; 5Qingdao Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Qingdao, 266000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mingjun Sun, Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, No. 369 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266032, People’s Republic of China, Email sunmingjun@cahec.cn Dehui Yin, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China, Email yindh16@xzhmu.edu.cnBackground: Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases in the world. Canine brucellosis, caused mainly by Brucella canis, is seriously neglected, and there is a lack of accurate diagnostic tools.Methods: In this study, to compare BP26, Omp25, Omp31 and a multiepitope-based fusion protein in the serological detection of canine brucellosis, using 34 brucellosis-positive dog sera and 62 negative control sera, the Brucella outer membrane proteins Omp31, BP26, Omp25 and a multiepitope-based fusion protein were evaluated by iELISA for their potential use as antigens in the serological diagnosis of canine brucellosis.Results: The results showed that the multiepitope-based fusion protein performed best in distinguishing brucellosis-positive and brucellosis-negative dog sera, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 98.41%. BP26 and Omp31 showed excellent sensitivity in detecting brucellosis-positive dog sera, but their cross reaction to sera infected with Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes may hinder their application as diagnostic reagents. Omp25 lacked sufficient sensitivity and showed limited ability in distinguishing positive and negative dog sera.Conclusion: The multiepitope-based fusion protein can be used as an ideal antigen for serologically diagnosing canine brucellosis currently prevalent worldwide.Keywords: Brucella, outer membrane protein, multiepitope, canine brucellosis

Quan Wang,1,2 Ke-Lu Yang,1,3–4 Bo-Yang Guo,1 Li-Feng Shang,1 Zun-Dong Yan,1 Juan Yu,1 Di Zhang,1 Gang Ji11Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, People’s Republic of China; 3Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 735000, People’s Republic of China; 4Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 735000, People’s Republic of ChinaObjectives: The aim of this study is to explore the safety and feasibility of early oral feeding (EOF) on short-term postoperative outcomes.Trial design: A prospective randomized non-inferiority trial.Materials and methods: From August 27, 2015 to March 31, 2017, 100 consecutive patients with gastric cancer in Xijing Hospital were recruited. Patients undergoing total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy (TLRG) received either EOF group or delayed oral feeding (DOF group). The endpoints were anastomotic leakage, the recovery of bowel function, the postoperative complications and costs. The process of randomization used a computer-generated sequence that was kept in a sealed envelope by a nurse that did not participate in the trial. None of the participants, administrators of interventions and those assessing outcomes was blinded.Results: Ultimately, 51 patients were in EOF group and 49 in DOF group, which both are comparable. The postoperative hospital stay in EOF group was significantly lower than DOF group (5.18±1.47 days vs 6.18±2.46 days, P=0.016). Furthermore, there was a trend for a reduction in the time of first flatus (10.3 hrs) and defecation (12.7 hrs) in EOF group compared to DOF group, but it was not statistically significant. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in postoperative complications between two groups. One patient in the EOF group developed a fistula in the surgical remnant, which was recorded as other leakages; there was no difference between the two groups (P=0.582).Conclusion: EOF does not seem to be more harmful than DOF, and might significantly improve the short-term outcomes for patients receiving TLRG.Keywords: gastric cancer, laparoscopic gastrectomy, early oral feeding, postoperative fistula, anastomotic leakage, enhanced recovery after surgery, ERAS

Yuk-Wah Tsang,1,2 Kwan-Hwa Chi,3,4 Cheng-Chung Huang,3,5 Mau-Shin Chi,3,6 Hsin-Chien Chiang,7 Kai-Lin Yang,3,4,8 Wen-Tyng Li,2 Yu-Shan Wang3,6 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 3Department of Radiation Therapy and Oncology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 4Institute of Radiation Science and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; 5Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; 6Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; 7Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; 8School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan Purpose: Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) stands to be a significant technological advancement in the hyperthermia field, utilizing autofocusing electromagnetic power on the cell membrane to create massive apoptosis. Since mEHT possesses the unique ability to excite cell membranes, we hypothesized that mEHT could enhance the uptake of liposomal drugs by enhancing phagocytic activity. Materials and methods: Water bath control and mEHT were used to compare the enhancement of liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin (Lipodox®) uptake by cancer cells. Cancer cells were made visible by doxorubicin fluorescence to investigate drug uptake. Viable cell yield was determined via the Trypan Blue exclusion method. Various substrates were used to investigate the mechanism of drug-uptake enhancement. The murine colon carcinoma model, CT26, was used to confirm the tissue infiltration of Lipodox® and its therapeutic effect. Results: mEHT treatment showed a significant enhancement of Lipodox® uptake of doxorubicin fluorescence compared with 37°C or 42°C water bath treatment. Tumor tissue sections also confirmed that mEHT treatment achieved the highest doxorubicin concentration in vivo (1.44±0.32 µg/g in mEHT group and 0.79±0.32 µg/g in 42°C water bath). Wortmannin was used to inhibit the macropinocytosis effect and 70 kDa dextran-FITC served as uptake substance. The uptake of dextran-FITC by cancer cells significantly increased after mEHT treatment whereas such enhancement was significantly inhibited by wortmannin. Conclusion: The result showed mEHT-induced particle-uptake through macropinocytosis. mEHT-enhanced uptake of Lipodox® may amplify the therapeutic effect of liposomal drugs. This novel finding warrants further clinical investigation. Keywords: hyperthermia, cancer treatment, liposome, doxorubicin, micropinocytosis

Quan Wang,1 Qingrong Ni,1 Kelu Yang,1 Sheqing Ji,2 Yong Fan,3 Chen Wang,3 Wenbin Zhang,4 Su Yan,5 Qi Ma,2 Qiuya Wei,3 Di Zhang,1 Juan Yu,1 Gang Ji1 1Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; 2Department of General Surgery, Henan Cancer Hospital & Zhengzhou University Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China; 3Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; 4Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China; 5Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai University, Xining 810000, China Abstract: Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths and is the fifth highest incidence of cancer worldwide, especially in Eastern Asia, Central and Eastern Europe, and South America. Currently, surgery is the only curative treatment for gastric cancer; however, digestive tract reconstruction after distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer is controversial due to the postoperative complications such as reflux gastritis. There is an increasing trend toward laparoscopic uncut Roux-en-Y (URY) for radical gastrectomy. However, evidence on the feasibility of this procedure in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical distal gastrectomy is still absent. Thus, a prospective randomized trial is warranted. This is a prospective, multicenter, two-arm randomized controlled trial in which 210 patients will be randomly assigned to two groups: laparoscopic URY (n=105) and laparoscopic Billroth II plus Braun anastomosis (n=105). Each participant must be pathologically diagnosed with gastric cancer and undergo laparoscopic radical gastrectomy at Xijing Hospital and other four hospitals. The laparoscopic URY procedure is based on the Billroth II gastrojejunostomy plus Braun anastomosis, and then blocked the jejunum input loop at the stump–jejunal anastomosis. The patients’ demographic and pathological characteristics will be recorded. The total and oral nutritional intake, general data, total serum protein, serum albumin, blood glucose, and temperature will be recorded before surgery and at the time of hospitalization. Postoperative adverse events will also be recorded, as well as at follow-up appointments at three months and six months after surgery. The rate of reflux gastritis will represent the primary endpoint, and other secondary endpoints, which are all recorded. Keywords: Billroth II gastrojejunostomy, Braun anastomosis, jejunum input loop, anastomosis, reflux gastritis

One nucleotide substitution in codon 206 of HLA-DRB1*16:02:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-DRB1*16:02:13., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

This study was conducted to investigate the differences in chemical composition between red (RGBs) and yellow ginseng berries (YGBs) and their whitening and anti-aging skincare effects. The differences in the chemical composition between RGB and YGB were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole electrostatic field orbit trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS) combined with multivariate statistics. An aging model was established using UVB radiation induction, and the whitening and anti-aging effects of the two ginseng berries were verified in vitro and in vivo using cell biology (HaCaT and B16-F10 cells) and zebrafish model organisms. A total of 31 differential compounds, including saponins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and other chemical constituents, were identified between the two groups. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was more significantly increased ( p < 0.05) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was more significantly decreased ( p < 0.01) in RGB more than YGB induced by UVB ultraviolet radiation. In terms of whitening effects, YGB was more effective in inhibiting the melanin content of B16-F10 cells ( p < 0.01). The results of zebrafish experiments were consistent with those of in vitro experiments and cell biology experiments. The DCFH fluorescence staining results revealed that both ginseng berries were able to significantly reduce the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in zebrafish ( p < 0.01). Comparison of chemical composition and skin care activities based on RGB and YGB can provide a theoretical basis for the deep development and utilization of ginseng berry resources.

Data-independent acquisition (DIA) has become a widely used strategy for peptide and protein quantification in mass spectrometry-based proteomics studies. The integration of ion mobility separation into DIA analysis, such as the diaPASEF technology available on Bruker's timsTOF platform, further improves the quantification accuracy and protein depth achievable using DIA. We introduce diaTracer, a new spectrum-centric computational tool optimized for diaPASEF data. diaTracer performs three-dimensional (m/z, retention time, ion mobility) peak tracing and feature detection to generate precursor-resolved "pseudo-MS/MS" spectra, facilitating direct ("spectral-library free") peptide identification and quantification from diaPASEF data. diaTracer is available as a stand-alone tool and is fully integrated into the widely used FragPipe computational platform. We demonstrate the performance of diaTracer and FragPipe using diaPASEF data from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and plasma samples, data from phosphoproteomics and HLA immunopeptidomics experiments, and low-input data from a spatial proteomics study. We also show that diaTracer enables unrestricted identification of post-translational modifications from diaPASEF data using open/mass-offset searches., Competing Interests: Competing interests A.I.N. and F.Y. receive royalties from the University of Michigan for the sale of MSFragger and IonQuant software licenses to commercial entities. All license transactions are managed by the University of Michigan Innovation Partnerships office, and all proceeds are subject to university technology transfer policy. Other authors declare no other competing interests.

Ferulic acid (FA) exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it valuable for numerous industrial applications. Traditionally, FA is produced by the alkaline hydrolysis of γ -oryzanol, which is typically associated with wastewater generation. Recently, an increasing demand of natural FA necessitates its green production via enzymatic hydrolysis of γ -oryzanol, a mixture comprising triterpene alcohol ferulates and phytosteryl ferulates. Thus far, γ -oryzanol can be hydrolyzed by only four commercial cholesterol esterases with low yields. Herein, we report a recombinant cholesterol esterase from Mustela putorius furo (MPFCE) for the enzymatic hydrolysis of γ -oryzanol. The enzyme yielded 25.5% FA, which is the highest reported through enzymatic means thus far. The hydrolysis profile revealed that the enhanced yield primarily resulted from the near-complete hydrolysis of phytosteryl ferulates, together with slight hydrolysis of triterpene alcohol ferulates. MPFCE serves as a potential candidate for the enzymatic production of FA through targeted hydrolysis of γ -oryzanol.

A nucleotide mutation in codon 113 of HLA-A*11:01:01:01 results in a novel allele HLA-A*11:479N., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

One nucleotide substitution in codon 118 of HLA-B*55:02:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-B*55:39., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aniline, a common pollutant in industrial wastewater, requires an effective treatment method with minimal chemical usage. In this study, a two-stage catalytic oligomerization process has been developed to address this issue by converting soluble aniline into insoluble oligomers for wastewater treatment. In the first stage, aniline is oxidized using hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and a green catalyst, iron tetraamido macrocyclic ligand (Fe-TAML) to form aniline tetramers or pentamers. In the second stage, these oligoanilines undergo further oxidation with H 2 O 2 alone at a higher temperature, resulting in the formation of N-phenylphenazine or its derivatives. These macrocyclic compounds precipitate from the wastewater due to π- π stacking, allowing easy separation through decantation or gravity filtration. After process optimization, only 3 mg/L of Fe-TAML and 2 g/L of H 2 O 2 are required to treat 1 g/L of aniline, achieving a remarkable 96.8% aniline removal efficiency and a 62.5% precipitate yield. This two-stage oxidation approach shows promise for treating aniline and similar aromatic compounds in real industrial wastewater., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

One nucleotide substitution in codon 136 of HLA-B*40:02:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-B*40:78., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Introduction: Motor function has correlated with longevity and functionality; however, there is limited research on those with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We studied the association between motor functionality and AD pathology in primary motor and medial temporal cortices., Methods: A total of 206 participants with a clinical diagnosis of cognitively healthy, AD, or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) underwent imaging and motor assessment. Linear regressions and analyses of variance were applied to test the prediction from AD imaging biomarkers to motor performance and the diagnosis group differences in motor performance., Results: Increased neurodegeneration was associated with worsening dexterity and lower walking speed, and increased amyloid and tau were associated with worsening dexterity. AD and MCI participants had lower motor performance than the cognitively healthy participants., Discussion: Increased AD pathology is associated with worsening dexterity performance. The decline in dexterity in those with AD pathology may offer an opportunity for non-pharmacological therapy intervention., Highlights: Noted worsening dexterity performance was associated with greater Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (tau, amyloid beta, and neurodegeneration) in primary motor cortices. Similarly, increased neurodegeneration and tau pathology in parahippocampal, hippocampal, and entorhinal cortices is associated with worsening dexterity performance. Motor performance declined in those with clinical and preclinical AD among an array of motor assessments., (© 2024 The Author(s). Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.)

In this study, a novel carbon fiber brush (CFB) electrode was designed using carbon fiber filaments and conductive metals. It was used as the cathode to construct an efficient coupled electro-Fenton and electrocoagulation (EF-EC) process for tetracycline (TC) treatment. An optimal 97.9% removal rate of 10 mg L -1  TC was achieved within 20 min. The coupled process is less pH-dependent and more effective in treating TC compared to the traditional individual electro-Fenton (EF) or electrocoagulation (EC) process, achieving efficient TC removal under neutral pH conditions. The removal rate of 10 mg L -1  TC consistently remained above 92% at 20 min after ten cycle experiments using the same electrodes in a Fe-CFB system (92.7-97.9%), indicating excellent reusability and stability of the CFB cathode. Mechanism analysis showed both EF and EC processes were involved in the system. Radicals (such as •OH and SO 4 - •) generated by EF contributed to the degradation of TC, yielding nine intermediates. Coagulants (such as Fe(OH) 3 ) generated by EC contributed to the removal of TC. Toxicity prediction results indicated that over half of the nine intermediates exhibited lower biotoxicity compared to TC. This study provides a feasible alternative cathode for the efficient treatment of TC using EF-EC process., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ranibizumab for the treatment of macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO-ME), changes in retinal volume and central retinal thickness (CRT) before and after therapy, and the connection between visual prognosis and changes in retinal volume., Methods: The 120 patients(121 eyes) of BRVO-ME were recruited from July 2020 to October 2022 at the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University. The clinical data of patients were retrospectively examined for changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal volume, and CRT at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1year after treatment., Findings: Visual acuity improved gradually and became steady approximately 1 months after treatment, whereas retinal volume decreased gradually in both the outer and full layers and stabilized around 6 month after treatment. The decline in retinal volume and CRT was more visible in the deeper layers than in the inner levels. A higher correlation was observed between retinal volume and BCVA than between CRT and BCVA. BCVA after one year of treatment had a high correlation with baseline outer retinal volume., Interpretation: Treatment of BRVO-ME with ranibizumab is highly effective, and the recovery of visual function was depends more on early treatment. The outer retina is the major site of edema. Changes in retinal volume may serve as a better predictor of visual prognosis than changes in CRT. Baseline ourter retinal volume is correlated with long-term visual prognosis., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Objectives: Here, we report the distribution of HLA-DPB1 alleles studied in a cohort of 55 randomly collected blood samples from unrelated Taiwanese individuals and the deduced most likely HLA haplotypes associated with the defined DPB1 alleles in the cohort. Our aim is to reveal the unprecedented data on the distribution of HLA-DPB1 alleles in the Taiwanese population and to find out the most probable HLA haplotypes associated with the HLA-DPB1 alleles detected., Materials and Methods: The material for this study was blood samples, preserved in K 2 EDTA and/or acid citrate dextrose anticoagulants. The blood donors were voluntary individuals of Tzu Chi Bone Marrow Donor Registry, Tzu Chi Stem Cells Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital. Sequence-based typing of the Sanger's sequencing method was performed for the HLA allelic typing. To discern the HLA-DPB1 alleles, exons 2 and 3 of the HLA-DPB1 locus were sequenced. Target exon sequence amplifications were achieved by polymerase chain reaction, and the resulting amplicons were sequenced by BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction Kit according to the manufacturer's protocols., Results: In the total number of 55 randomized unrelated Taiwanese individuals studied, we detected 11 different HLA-DPB1 alleles. DPB1*05:01 (44.54%) was the allele with the highest frequency observed and the next highest frequency allele found was DPB1*02:01 (17.27%), while DPB1*38:01 (0.90%) and DPB1*700:01N (0.90%) ranked the least observed DPB1 alleles., Conclusion: Our findings in this study may be useful in researches reinforcing the comprehensive understanding on the distribution of DPB1 alleles and their associated HLA haplotypes and their clinical applications in Taiwanese., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 Tzu Chi Medical Journal.)

Background: The gut microbiota is believed to influence neurodevelopment through the gut-brain axis, but prior studies have shown inconsistent results regarding early childhood antibiotic exposure and subsequent risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that exposure to antibacterial agents in the first 2 years of life increases the risk of ASD and/or ADHD., Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using 2003-2019 data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Livebirths born between 2004 and 2016 were identified and separated into singleton, full sibling, and exposure-discordant sibling pair cohorts. The exposure group included children who filled at least one prescription for antibacterial agents between 0 and 2 years old in outpatient settings. The outcome, ASD and/or ADHD, was defined by at least one inpatient or outpatient diagnosis. The maximum follow-up age was 15 years in this study. Potential neonatal, maternal and paternal confounders were adjusted for. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the relative event risk., Results: The final sample contained 946,581 children in the singleton cohort, 1,142,693 children in the full sibling cohort, and 352,612 children in the exposure-discordant sibling pair cohort. Antibiotic exposure marginally increased the risk of ASD and/or ADHD in the singleton cohort (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.07) and in the full sibling cohort (aHR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.04). A slight decrease in the risk of ASD and/or ADHD was observed in the exposure-discordant sibling pair cohort (aHR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.90-0.94)., Conclusions: The results suggest that early life antibiotic exposure has minimal impact on the risk of ASD and/or ADHD. Given that the estimated effects are marginal and close to null, concerns about ASD and/or ADHD risk increase should not postpone or deter timely and reasonable antibiotic use., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Steamed ginseng water (SGW) is a by-product of the repeated thermal processing of red ginseng, which is characterized by a high bioactive content, better skin care activity, and a large output. However, its value has been ignored, resulting in environmental pollution and resource waste. In this study, UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis were conducted to characterize the compositional features of the repeated thermal-treated SGW. The antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and OH) and chemical composition (total sugars, total saponins, and reducing and non-reducing sugars) were comprehensively evaluated based on the entropy weighting method. Four comparison groups (groups 1 and 3, groups 1 and 5, groups 1 and 7, and groups 1 and 9) were screened for 37 important common difference markers using OPLS-DA analysis. The entropy weight method was used to analyze the weights of the indicators; the seventh SGW sample was reported to have a significant weight. The results of this study suggest that heat treatment time and frequency can be an important indicator value for the quality control of SGW cycling operations, which have great potential in antioxidant products., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Recent developments in machine-learning (ML) and deep-learning (DL) have immense potential for applications in proteomics, such as generating spectral libraries, improving peptide identification, and optimizing targeted acquisition modes. Although new ML/DL models for various applications and peptide properties are frequently published, the rate at which these models are adopted by the community is slow, which is mostly due to technical challenges. We believe that, for the community to make better use of state-of-the-art models, more attention should be spent on making models easy to use and accessible by the community. To facilitate this, we developed Koina, an open-source containerized, decentralized and online-accessible high-performance prediction service that enables ML/DL model usage in any pipeline. Using the widely used FragPipe computational platform as example, we show how Koina can be easily integrated with existing proteomics software tools and how these integrations improve data analysis.

One nucleotide substitution in codon 130 of HLA-DQB1*03:03:02:01 results in a novel allele HLA-DQB1*03:96., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

A nucleotide deletion in the residue 371 of HLA-A*11:01:01:01 results in a novel allele HLA-A*11:466N., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, using either bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC), is a well-established therapy for various hematologic and non-hematologic diseases. However, the long-term health outcomes after HSC donation remain a major concern for several potential donors. Thus, we aimed to conduct a matched cohort study of 5003 unrelated donors (1099 BM and 3904 PBSC) and randomly selected 50,030 matched controls based on age, sex, and resident area from the donor registry between 1998 and 2018. The medical insurance claims of all the participants were retrieved from the Taiwan National Health and Welfare Data Science Center after de-identification. Our findings revealed no differences in the incidence of cancer, death, and catastrophic diseases between HSC donors and matched healthy participants during long-term follow-up. Kaplan-Meier curves depicting the cumulative incidence of cancer and overall mortality throughout the follow-up period also demonstrated similar outcomes between donors and non-donors. In conclusion, our results indicate that HSC donation, whether through BM or PBSC, is safe and not associated with an increased risk of cancer, death, or catastrophic diseases. These findings provide valuable information for counseling potential HSC donors and for long-term management of HSC donor health., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)

Background: Detection methods based on aptamer probes have great potential and progress in the field of rapid detection of heavy metal ions. However, the unstable conformation of aptamers often results in poor sensitivity due to the dissociation of aptamer-target complex in real environments., Results: In this study, we developed a locking aptamer probe and combined it with AgInZnS quantum dots for the first time to detect cadmium ions. When cadmium ions are combined with the probe, the cadmium ions are fixed in the core-locking position, forming a stable cavity structure. The limit of detection (LOD) was achieved at a concentration of 6.9 nmol L -1 , with a broad detection range from 10 nmol L -1 to 1000 μmol L -1 , and good recovery rates (92.93%-102.8 %) were achieved in aquatic product testing. The locking aptamer probe with stable conformation effectively enhances the stability of the aptamer-target complex and remains good stability in four buffer environments as well as a 600 mmol L -1 salt solution; it also exhibits good stability at pH 6.5-7.5 and temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 35 °C., Significance: Overall, our study presented a general, simple, and cost-effective strategy for stabilizing aptamer conformations, and used for highly sensitive detection of cadmium ions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Two nucleotide substitutions in codon 152 of HLA-C*08:01:01:01 result in a novel allele HLA-C*08:66., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Nucleotide substitution in codon 238 of HLA-C*12:02:02:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-C*12:02:53., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

One nucleotide substitution in codon 264 of HLA-C*07:02:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-C*07:359., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objective: The objective for this study was to evaluate the effects of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on arthritic bone remodeling., Methods: We treated a recently described preclinical murine model of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), R26STAT3C stopfl/fl CD4Cre mice, with SCFA-supplemented water. We also performed in vitro osteoclast differentiation assays in the presence of serum-level SCFAs to evaluate the direct impact of these microbial metabolites on maturation and function of osteoclasts. We further characterized the molecular mechanism of SCFAs by transcriptional analysis., Results: The osteoporosis condition in R26STAT3C stopfl/fl CD4Cre animals is attributed primarily to robust osteoclast differentiation driven by an expansion of osteoclast progenitor cells (OCPs), accompanied by impaired osteoblast development. We show that SCFA supplementation can rescue the osteoporosis phenotype in this model of PsA. Our in vitro experiments revealed an inhibitory effect of the SCFAs on osteoclast differentiation, even at very low serum concentrations. This suppression of osteoclast differentiation enabled SCFAs to impede osteoporosis development in R26STAT3C stopfl/fl CD4Cre mice. Further interrogation revealed that bone marrow-derived OCPs from diseased mice expressed a higher level of SCFA receptors than those of control mice and that the progenitor cells in the bone marrow of SCFA-treated mice presented a modified transcriptomic landscape, suggesting a direct impact of SCFAs on bone marrow progenitors in the context of osteoporosis., Conclusion: We demonstrated how gut microbiota-derived SCFAs can regulate distal pathology (ie, osteoporosis) and identified a potential therapeutic option for restoring bone density in rheumatic disease, further highlighting the critical role of the gut-bone axis in these disorders., (© 2023 American College of Rheumatology.)

Objectives: It is thought that Taiwanese indigenous people were the "first people" to populate Taiwan (Formosa) having been there for over 5000 years, preceding the Dutch colonization (from 1624 to 1662) and Spanish colonization (from 1626 to 1642). Taiwan's indigenes, represented by Austronesian language speakers, currently constitute approximately 2% of the total population in Taiwan. It is unknown whether they evolved from Taiwan's Paleolithic or Neolithic cultures, arrived during or after the Neolithic period from China or Southeast Asia or both. HLA studies on the Taiwanese indigenous population have found several intriguing genetic information showing one or two relatively frequently observed alleles and a small number of relatively less frequently observed ones. We report here a relatively frequently observed HLA-C*07:359 allele in the Taiwanese indigenous population, its linkage with HLA-B*39:01, and its probable associated HLA haplotype in two Taiwanese indigenous families. HLA-C*07:359 is a rarely observed allele in the HLA-C locus in the world populations. The objective of this study is to report the allele HLA-C*07:359 that is more frequently found in the Taiwanese population, especially in the Taiwanese indigenous people, to demonstrate that it has a close linkage with HLA-B*39:01 allele in the HLA-B locus and to show the plausible deduced HLA-A-C-B-DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes in association with HLA-C*07:359 in two families of Taiwanese indigenous unrelated individuals., Materials and Methods: The samples were peripheral whole blood, with dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and/or acid citrate dextrose anticoagulation additives. The sequence-based typing method was employed to confirm the low incidence of the allele of HLA-C*07:359 observed in Taiwanese. Polymerase chain reaction was carried out to amplify exons 2, 3, and 4 of the HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and-DQB1 loci with group-specific primer sets. Amplicons were sequenced using the BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction Kit in both directions according to the manufacturer's protocol., Results: C*07:359 is an uncommon allele in the HLA-C locus in the world general population, according to our literature review. However, in this study, it is observed in the general Taiwanese population (frequency 0.41%), especially in the Taiwanese indigenous people at a frequency of 0.23%. In addition, we deduced two probable HLA haplotypes in association with C*07:359 in two indigenous families: A*24:02-C*07:359-B*39:01-DRB1*04:36 and A*24:02-C*07:359-B*39:01-DRB1*04:04., Conclusion: The two deduced HLA haplotypes associated with the uncommon C*07:359 allele that we report here are valuable for HLA tissue typing laboratories for reference purposes and for stem cell transplantation donor search coordinators to determine the likelihood of finding compatible donors in unrelated bone marrow donor registries for patients bearing the uncommon HLA allele. Since C*07:359 was found mostly in the Taiwanese indigenous population, we think the allele and its haplotypes we report here are important in population and anthropological studies., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 Tzu Chi Medical Journal.)

In conventional wastewater treatment processes, a predetermined quantity of chemicals is introduced at the onset, without ongoing monitoring of the treatment progress. Thus, it is difficult to perform timely intervention in the treatment process. Herein, we develop an amperometry-guided wastewater treatment strategy based on a green oxidation process with H 2 O 2 and an iron-tetraamidomacrocyclic ligand (Fe-TAML) catalyst. During the process, users can monitor both phenol and H 2 O 2 concentrations in real time and then intervene by adding more H 2 O 2 to accelerate the reaction. As a proof of concept, a wastewater sample containing 9.3 ppm of phenol is treated by using the amperometry-guided strategy with 1 dosage of Fe-TAML (0.45 ppm) and 3 dosages of H 2 O 2 (1.86 ppm). After the treatment, phenol concentration in the wastewater decreases to 0 ppm after 21 min. In contrast, with only 1 dosage of Fe-TAML (0.45 ppm) and 1 dosage of H 2 O 2 (1.86 ppm), the reaction slows down after 5 min and stops prematurely. After that, the reaction kinetics of ppb-level phenol are investigated, in which the phenol rate and the rate constant are estimated. Compared to conventional detections, the designed amperometry shows faster response, lower limit of detection (LOD, phenol: 11 ppb, H 2 O 2 : 80 ppb) and consumable cost, easier operation, and no pollution generated. This example demonstrates the importance of early intervention during wastewater treatment with the help of real-time information., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Two nucleotide substitutions in exon 3 of HLA-A*02:07:01:01 result in the novel allele, HLA-A*02:840., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Purpose: To elucidate incidence rates of vascular lake phenomenon (VLP) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), hepatic metastasis (HMT) on transarterial angiography before chemoembolization, and to identity CT features predictive for it., Materials and Methods: A comprehensive evaluation involved 665 subjects for incidence analysis, comprising 527 of HCC, 33 of ICC and 105 of HMT. VLP was characterized as intratumoral contrast material pool persisting late into venous phase. Incidences were cataloged on both super-selective and common hepatic artery angiography. For CT features analysis, a subset of 182 cases were analyzed. Enhancement ratio served as an index for comparative analysis of nodule enhancement degrees., Results: In HCC, incidence of VLP ascertained via super-selective angiography was 13.5%, whereas it as 7.8% on common hepatic artery angiography. Remarkably, no incidences of VLP were recorded in either ICC or HMT cases. On pre-interventional CT, the prevalence of pseudocapsule was statistically greater in VLP group than Non-VLP group (66.6% vs. 37.6%, P = 0.015). The Houndsfield units (HU) of tumors in plain scan (P = 0.007), arterial phase (P = 0.001), venous phase (P = 0.041), arterial phase enhancement ratio (P < 0.001) were statistically higher in VLP group compared to Non-VLP group. Arterial phase enhancement ratio (P = 0.025), presence of pseudocapsule (P = 0.001), HU of tumor in plain scan (P = 0.035) serve as independent risk factors for VLP manifestation., Conclusion: VLP is a distinct angiography phenomenon uniquely associated with HCC. High arterial phase enhancement ratio, presence of pseudocapsule, high HU of tumor in plain scan are independent risk factors for VLP., (© 2024. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe (CIRSE).)

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Bombyx batryticatus is traditionally used to treat patients with stroke, but its mechanism remains unclear., Aim of the Study: To explore the interventional effect of Bombyx batryticatus extract as an activator of FⅫ on angiogenesis of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury., Materials and Methods: Firstly, the mechanism of Bombyx batryticatus interfering with IS was predicted by systematic pharmacology method, and then it was further verified by animal experiments. The effects of Bombyx batryticatus extract on plasma coagulation were detected, and the activation of coagulation factor Ⅻ (FⅫ) and its downstream substrate kallikrein kinase (KK) was detected in vitro. The brain morphology and expressions of FXII, KK, vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), CD31, Brdu/von Willebrand Factor (vWF) were detected. The morphological changes, cell proliferation and VEGF expression of brain microvascular endothelial cells were detected by oxygen glucose deprivation model. The pharmacodynamic substances of Bombyx batryticatus extract were identified by Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS)., Results: The results of systematic pharmacology found that the treatment of IS by Bombyx batryticatus may be related to blood coagulation and other processes. In vitro, Bombyx batryticatus extract prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT) (P < 0.05), activated FⅫ and promoted the production of downstream substrate KK, with dose-dependent (P < 0.05). Bombyx batryticatus extract improved the neuronal damage of rats, activated FXII and increased the production of KK and the expressions of VEGF, CD31, Brdu/vWF (P < 0.05). Bombyx batryticatus extract also increased the proliferation of brain microvascular endothelial cells and expression of VEGF in rats (P < 0.05). A total of 809 metabolites in Bombyx batryticatus extract were identified by LC-MS., Conclusion: Bombyx batryticatus extract may ameliorate the injury of nerve function in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Antimony is highly toxic and a key water pollutant, which needs to be monitored closely. To date, however, most analytical methods for antimony detection are quite limited because they are complicated, expensive, and not suitable for real-time monitoring of antimony. In this study, a label-free and rapid method for antimony ions (Sb 3+ ) detection is developed based on liquid crystals and a 10-mer poly-adenine oligonucleotide as a specific recognition probe for the first time. The working principle is based on the binding of the oligonucleotide to Sb 3+ , which weakens the interaction between the oligonucleotide and cationic surfactants. As a result, the event induces a planar-to-homeotropic orientational change of liquid crystals and a bright-to-dark optical change under crossed polars. This liquid crystal-based optical sensor exhibits a rapid response to Sb 3+ in 10 s, a detection range between 20 nM and 5 μM, and a detection limit at 6.7 nM calculated from 10-mins assay time. It also shows good selectivity against other metal ions including Ag + , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ , K + , Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Na + , Pb 2+ , and Zn 2+ . Moreover, this system can be used to detect Sb 3+ in aqueous solutions with different pH or ionic strengths. This simple, fast, and low-cost liquid crystal-based sensing approach with high sensitivity and selectivity has a high potential for detecting Sb 3+ in natural environments and industrial wastewater., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interestsDan Luo has patent #202310002611.9 issued to Southern University of Science and Technology., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

One nucleotide substitution in codon 131 of HLA-C*03:04:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-C*03:04:89., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

One nucleotide substitution in codon 217 of HLA-DRB1*09:01:02:01 results in a novel allele HLA-DRB1*09:01:15., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Marine fungi have been studied for a long history in many realms, but there are few reports on marine mushrooms. In this study, marine fungi with conspicuous subglobose sequestrate basidioma were discovered from mangrove forests in South China. They grow on the deadwood of mangroves in the intertidal zone, periodically submerging into seawater due to the tide. Some marine animals were observed to nest in their basidiomata or consume them as food. The pileus-gleba-inner veil complex (PGI) of the basidioma was observed to be detached from the stipe and transferred into seawater by external forces, and drifting on sea to spread spores after maturity. The detachment mechanism of their PGIs was revealed through detailed microscopic observations. The contrast culturing experiment using freshwater and seawater potato dextrose agar media showed they have probably obligately adapted to the marine environment. Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence, two new species of Candolleomyces (Basidiomycota, Agaricales), namely C. brunneovagabundus and C. albovagabundus , were described. They are similar and close to each other, but can be distinguished by the size and color of the basidioma, and the size of the basidiospores.

Introduction: Rectal cancer is one of the top 10 cancers worldwide. Up to 80% of patients with rectal tumours have had sphincter-saving surgery, mainly due to the large expectation of anal preservation. However, patients tend to experience low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) after rectal resection, which is disordered bowel function that includes faecal incontinence, urgency, frequent defecation, constipation and evacuation difficulties. LARS, with an estimated prevalence of 41%, has been reported to substantially decrease the quality of life of patients. However, no comprehensive preventive strategies are currently available for LARS. This systematic review aims to synthesise evidence on the current LARS preventive strategies., Methods and Analysis: This protocol is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) checklist. Literature in PubMed (via Medline), Embase and the Cochrane Library from inception to July 2023 will be searched to identify articles relevant to preventive effectiveness against LARS. The Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool for randomised controlled trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for clinical controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies will be used to assess the risk of bias. We will group the included studies by the type of LARS prevention strategy and present an overview of the main findings in the form of evidence mapping. A meta-analysis is planned if there is no substantial clinical heterogeneity between the included studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) will be used to evaluate the quality of the evidence., Ethics and Dissemination: Ethical approval is not needed for systematic review of published data. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at scientific conferences., Prospero Registration Number: CRD42023402886., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that causes diverse esophageal and extraesophageal symptoms. Many clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been issued around the world to provide practical evidence regarding GERD management. However, some of the recommendations discussed in various CPGs are inconsistent across individual documents., Objectives: We aimed to summarize the evidence from CPGs on GERD and assess the consistency of the recommendations., Patients and Methods: In this scoping review, we identified current CPGs on the clinical management of GERD, which were comprehensively searched for in electronic databases and on relevant scientific websites. The recommendations were extracted using the population‑intervention‑comparison framework and were subsequently categorized into tables., Results: Ultimately, 24 CPGs were identified. They included 86 recommendations, which were classified into 5 categories: definition, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. Among the identified recommendations, 68 were proposed in at least 2 CPGs, and they were assessed for the consistency of direction and strength. Overall, 32.4% of the recommendations (22/68) were consistent in direction and strength, whereas 60.3% (41/68) were consistent in direction but inconsistent in strength. Moreover, 7.4% (5/68) were inconsistent in direction. These referred to the relationship between GERD and tobacco consumption, Helicobacter pylori infection, diagnostic utility of the 2‑week proton pump inhibitor test, cessation of special food, and antireflux surgery for GERD with extraesophageal symptoms., Conclusions: Most CPG recommendations regarding GERD were consistent in direction, except for 5 discrepancies, for which further well‑designed, large‑scale research is required to explain the inconsistency.

To alleviate the problems of eutrophication and blue algae accumulation in water, biochar was prepared from blue algae dehydrated using polymerized ferrous sulfate(PFS) to absorb phosphate in water, and the biochar was activated using steam to adjust the pore structure. The preparation conditions of blue algae biochar were optimized using the response surface method. The optimal results were as follows:the dosage of PFS was 458 mg·L -1 , the carbonization temperature was 433℃, and the mass ratio of biochar precursor to steam was 1:11. Biochar without PFS(F 0 H 11 -433) and biochar with PFS(F 458 H 11 -433) were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), zeta potential, and Raman spectra(Raman) were used to study whether blue algae biochar and PFS had a synergic effect on phosphate removal. The results showed that:compared with F 0 H 11 -433, iron oxide appeared on the surface, the zero point of charge(pH pzc ) increased from 4.41 to 6.19, and the disorder and defect degree of biochar was increased in F 458 H 11 -433. The pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model were suitable for describing the adsorption process of F 458 H 11 -433, and the saturated adsorption capacity was 31.97 mg·g -1 . F 458 H 11 -433 had excellent phosphorus removal efficiency in actual lake water, and the residual phosphate content of effluent was less than 0.025 mg·L -1 . In the presence of several common anions, it still showed excellent selective adsorption. After five cycles, the phosphate removal of F 458 H 11 -433 still reached 75.78%, indicating that F 458 H 11 -433 had the characteristic of being renewable. Combined with the material characterization results before and after adsorption, the phosphorus removal mechanism of F 458 H 11 -433 mainly involved electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange.

The leaves of sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides), considered as common food raw materials, have records of medicinal use and diverse pharmacological activities, showing a potential medicinal value. However, the active substances in the sea buckthorn leaves and their mechanisms of action remain unclear. In addition, due to the extensive source and large variety variations, the quality evaluation criteria of sea buckthorn leaves remain to be developed. To solve the problems, this study predicted the main active components, core targets, key pathways, and potential pharmacological effects of sea buckthorn leaves by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Furthermore, ultra-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection(UPLC-DAD) was employed to determine the content of active components and establish the chemical fingerprint, on the basis of which the quality markers of sea buckthorn leaves were predicted and then verified by the enzyme activity inhibition method. The results indicated that sea buckthorn leaves had potential therapeutic effects on a variety of digestive tract diseases, metabolic diseases, tumors, and autoimmune diseases, which were consistent with the ancient records and the results of modern pharmacological studies. The core targets of sea buckthorn leaves included PTPN11, AKT1, PIK3R1, ESR1, and SRC, which were mainly involved in the PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and HIF-1 signaling pathways. In conclusion, the active components of sea buckthorn leaves are associated with the rich flavonoids and tannins, among which quercitrin, narcissoside, and ellagic acid can be used as the quality markers of sea buckthorn leaves. The findings provide a reference for the quality control and further development and utilization of sea buckthorn leaves as medicinal materials.

Two nucleotide substitutions in codon 24 of HLA-A*02:01:01:01 result in a novel allele HLA-A*02:570:01., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Peptide identification in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) experiments relies on computational algorithms for matching acquired MS/MS spectra against sequences of candidate peptides using database search tools, such as MSFragger. Here, we present a new tool, MSBooster, for rescoring peptide-to-spectrum matches using additional features incorporating deep learning-based predictions of peptide properties, such as LC retention time, ion mobility, and MS/MS spectra. We demonstrate the utility of MSBooster, in tandem with MSFragger and Percolator, in several different workflows, including nonspecific searches (immunopeptidomics), direct identification of peptides from data independent acquisition data, single-cell proteomics, and data generated on an ion mobility separation-enabled timsTOF MS platform. MSBooster is fast, robust, and fully integrated into the widely used FragPipe computational platform., (© 2023. The Author(s).)