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In December of 2019, COVID-19 began spreading globally. As a result, many youth sport organizations were forced to halt programming. While unfortunate, this imposed disengagement from youth sport provided an opportunity to explore what youth sport means to parents, being that this was the first time many were without it. As such, researchers aimed to explore the attitudes and perceptions of youth sport parents regarding their child's sport participation in its absence. Semistructured interviews were conducted to explore these perceptions, and three themes were constructed through thematic analysis. Findings suggest that sport parents miss their experiences as "live-in" sports fans of their child's sport participation due to the absence of their spectator experiences, social opportunities, and feelings of success, which drive their motivation for continued involvement. Understanding parental motivations to support youth sport participation may lead future researchers to uncovering the influences of parental behavior in the youth sport context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In 2010, 33% of young Europeans (ages 15–29) were Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET), rising to 40 million by 2015. Those with disabilities or health challenges are 40% more likely to be NEET. Hence, we conducted a systematic search to identify health challenges as NEET risk factors. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across four databases on February 21, 2023, with an update on January 15, 2024. Data collected after 1980 were included. The main findings from this search concerning risk factors are summarized in a chart. Results: A total of 33,314 articles were screened, resulting in the inclusion of 32 articles in this review. The review identified multiple physical risk factors associated with NEET status, which were categorized into two primary domains: congenital conditions and birth‐related factors, for example, factors encompassed neonatal life in utero and experiences related to birth, and health conditions during childhood and adolescence, for example, survivors of childhood cancer and other severe health conditions during childhood and adolescents. Conclusions: Our findings highlight that varying congenital conditions and birth‐related factors as well as diseases from childhood to adulthood challenges or even hinder educational and job market participation, this emphasizing the importance of targeted support for children facing health challenges. These findings highlight the immediate requirement for comprehensive interventions specifically designed for children and adolescents who are for example, preterm, have experienced severe illness, or are coping with chronic diseases. These interventions should address the challenges encountered by youth in NEET. However, limited evidence on the impact of health conditions on NEET status underscores the necessity for further research into both short‐ and long‐term effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Civic engagement (CE) in adolescence is associated with a higher level of engagement in adulthood and is reported to be beneficial to youth's development and societal well‐being. Parents are among the most influential factors in adolescents' lives. This study examined the associations between parents' own civic participation, their negative beliefs toward youth CE and their child's future CE. While prior research documented positive associations between parental civic behaviors and youth CE, the role of parental negative beliefs has remained unexplored and could act as an additional barrier to adolescents' CE. Methods: A total of 234 adolescents (65% girls; mean age = 13.77) and their parents (79% mothers; mean age = 44.20), residing in the Canadian province of Quebec from 2016 to 2019, were recruited for this cross‐sectional study. Parents completed measures of their civic activities and their negative beliefs regarding youth CE. Adolescents completed measures of future civic attitudes and behaviors. Results: Hierarchical regressions revealed significant positive cross‐sectional associations between parental civic behaviors and their child's future civic attitudes and behaviors. However, parental negative beliefs toward youth CE were negatively associated with youths' future civic attitudes and behaviors, even after considering parental civic behaviors and family socioeconomic status. Adolescents' age did not moderate these relationships. Conclusion: These findings highlight the significant role that parents could play in shaping CE of future generations. Interventions promoting youth CE should thus target both adolescents and their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study, the effects of university students' sociodemographic characteristics and their thoughts on marriage on their attitudes towards marriage and gender roles were discussed. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed, involving a sample of 1082 university students. The data for this study were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Inönü Marital Attitude Scale (IMAS), and the Gender Roles Attitude Scale (GRAS). The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Kruskal Wallis Test, and Pearson Correlation analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 20.53 ± 1.96 years, 67.9% were female and 32.1% were male. The participants' mean GRAS total score was 144.93 ± 26.62, and the mean IMAS score was 71.80 ± 16.42. Significant gender-based differences were observed in IMAS and GRAS total/subscale scores (p < 0.001). Furthermore, societal gender roles were found to be significantly correlated with participants' income, views on the distribution of authority between spouses, and opinions on domestic violence. A significant positive correlation was observed between students' IMAS total scores and GRAS egalitarian gender role subscale scores (r = 0.108, p < 0.001). Moreover, IMAS total scores were found to be significantly negatively correlated with GRAS total and female gender role, gender role in marriage, traditional gender role, and male gender role subscale scores (r=-0.252, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The participating students' gender role total scores were found to be very high. Accordingly, as parents of the future, young people are the group that needs to be prioritized, and it is essential to promote their positive attitudes towards marriage and gender equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rates of youth firearm exposure and carriage are well-established, but less work has examined how exposure to police violence and firearm violence, as victim or witness, may be associated with beliefs in gun ownership for society or access to guns. This study used survey data from a multiracial sample of 276 youth living in New Orleans, Louisiana (M age = 17.76) to examine these associations. Results from binary logistic regressions confirmed a significant association between higher belief in gun ownership for safety and all violence exposures, directly and indirectly. We did not find support for an association between gun access and any violence exposures. The findings shed light on pathways to firearm violence risk and provide critical information on youth firearm attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the impact of historical events, human activities, and recent global changes on tourism, focusing on sustainability, evolving visitor preferences, and smart tourism destinations. It highlights how factors like climate change, epidemics, and generational differences influence tourism demand and supply. The text emphasizes the importance of understanding changing customer needs, embracing sustainability, and adapting to technological advancements in the tourism industry. Additionally, it explores the concept of smart tourism destinations as a solution to regeneration and enhancing visitor experiences. [Extracted from the article]

Youth migration has significant consequences that lead to depopulation and less sustainability of local business, which is particularly pronounced in rural areas. All of this contributes to the potential devastation of rural communities, an impact that could be highly significant and far-reaching. Entrepreneurship and the innovation it brings with it can be important markers for effective rural development if changes are needed. Therefore, the primary objectives of our research were to determine how socio-demographic factors determine the attitudes of young rural people regarding openness to entrepreneurship, whether young rural people believe they have the ability to engage in entrepreneurship and take actionable steps, and what is the relationship between openness and entrepreneurial capacity. The research was conducted from December 2023 to May 2024 among 299 participants in rural areas of two neighboring countries, Serbia and Croatia. The results indicate various factors that influence rural youth's openness to entrepreneurship, such as unemployment, age and country of origin. Also, the results show a positive correlation between openness to entrepreneurship and the perception of personal capacities for entrepreneurial activities. In addition, the study found significant differences between respondents from Serbia and Croatia in the assessment of personal capacities for entrepreneurial activities. The results of this research contribute to a deeper understanding of how young people perceive and experience life in rural areas, and highlight potential challenges related to their specific needs. This insight enables key stakeholders to design programs that support youth in starting businesses and sustaining entrepreneurial ventures. Furthermore, the study offers both a theoretical and practical basis for future research, serving as a valuable guide for the improvement of rural communities, that is, guidelines for strategies that focus on inclusive development based on the revitalization of social frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the UK government's target of Net Zero by 2050, alongside the rising cost of energy in the UK, it is imperative that public opinion aligns with and promotes affordable, greener energy systems. Within this dialogue, young people's voices and lived experience are needed to deepen the impact of energy policy intervention strategies. This article stresses the importance of a formal curriculum that informs future generations on the subjects of Smart Local Energy Systems (SLES), and the digitalisation advances of energy systems. This paper explores the development of a toolkit to educate and engage young people in these subjects and reviews young people's attitudes and understanding from three schools in England, UK. We find through an interpretive qualitative analysis of both images drawn by the young people, and insights gathered from focus groups, that (i) for these young people, SLES are a useful innovation regarding energy management and distribution, (ii) young people recognise that the education system as it currently stands is not aware of, or informed by smart energy technologies and (iii) that despite being a generation that is the most integrated with personal assistance technology, these young people have significant concerns over the reliability and safety of AI in SLES. These findings are set alongside calls for widespread education in key stages 4 and 5 (ages 14–18) around the subject of SLES, and their benefits to wider society, thereby enabling a future that empowers young people to make change, encourage engineering and computer science‐based career options and secure a fairer, cleaner, sustainable energy transition in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Examine the prevalence of risk behaviors for the development of eating disorders in academy footballers of the Liga MX, compare sociodemographic data and highlight the participants' perceptions regarding the influence of the sports environment and external pressure on their relationship with food and their bodies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 536 footballers (331 men and 205 women) in the categories U14, U16, U18 men and U15, U19 women of Liga MX with prior consent from their clubs and strict confidentiality measures. The data were collected via Google Forms using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Results: Of the participants, 13.4% met or exceeded the cut-off point on the EAT-26. The highest prevalence was observed in the Female U19 category. The reflections indicated that the sports environment and external pressure affect the relationship with food and bodies in a significant proportion of participants. Conclusions: The study highlights a high prevalence of risk behaviors for eating disorders in Liga MX football players, with a higher incidence in the female categories, also evidencing a multifactorial etiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research shows that young people in foster care experience high levels of behavioral health problems that may lead to life obstacles, including legal system involvement (LSI) during the transition to adulthood. However, few longitudinal studies have examined LSI among foster youth from a behavioral health perspective during the transition to adulthood. To understand adolescent behavioral health conditions associated with adult LSI, we used longitudinal survey data of young people in foster care (n = 540) to compare the prevalence of different behavioral health disorders (age 17) between youth who later reported LSI and those who did not (ages 19–21). We also examined associations between adolescent behavioral health disorders and adult LSI, accounting for other covariates. We find that compared to those who did not, youth who reported later LSI in early adulthood had significantly higher rates of four behavioral health disorders at age 17: alcohol use, drug use, conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder. Regression results showed drug use disorder at age 17 to be a particularly strong predictor of later LSI after accounting for other covariates. Many individuals experience various risk factors for LSI, including behavioral health needs. We discuss implications for practice, policy, and research in the child welfare context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research on the specifics of the sexual culture of young people in Kazakhstan is relevant due to the need for a holistic understanding of modern transformations of values, beliefs, standards, and behavioural patterns in this segment of public life in the country. The purpose of the research was to evaluate a fixation on the behavioural and value-normative characteristics of the sexuality of Kazakhstani youth. Such sociological approaches as structuralism and sociocultural analysis were used as the foundation of the theoretical and methodological research framework. To identify empirical indicators of the sexual culture of Kazakhstani youth, quantitative sociological research was conducted using the questionnaire survey method. As a result of theoretical work, it was identified that sexuality is a socio-cultural construct that includes the standards, values, and behavioural strategies of individuals in the intimate sphere. Within the framework of empirical reconnaissance on the example of Kazakhstani youth, specific substantive features were identified. Firstly, low involvement in sexual practices is recorded within the framework of behavioural patterns. The moderate role of sex in everyday life and average cognitive activity related to intimate experiences are recorded. It should be emphasised that when choosing a sexual partner, young Kazakhs put personal rather than status qualities in the first place. Secondly, in the structure of values, there is a special non-acceptance of abortion and homosexuality compared to European countries. The results of the research have practical significance for educational institutions to adapt and improve sexuality education in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the association between youth antisocial behavior outcomes and predictors including individual factors (youth attitudes) and interpersonal factors (friends and parents) in a low income, immigrant, and ethnic community in Pomona, California USA. Social cognitive theory is used in a cross sectional design to perform correlation and multiple regression analysis on survey data from 2,693 high school students. While factors related to youths and their best friends were associated with youth antisocial behavior outcomes, parental factors did not show any association with youth antisocial behavior outcomes in both correlation and regression analysis. These results conflict with dominant trends in the literature and underscore the need for at risk communities such as Pomona to develop their own community data so that intervention programs can respond to their unique circumstances. The following intervention strategies are recommended for youth program designers in Pomona: prioritize individual youth and friends in intervention activities; develop intervention strategies to grow parental influence on youth antisocial behavior such as integrating engagement tools which immigrant, minority, and low income parents could use to counter antisocial risk factors and enhance protective factors. Future research should investigate the factors that drive the influence of best friends on youth antisocial behavior particularly how these trump parental influence in Pomona and other disadvantaged environments. The research findings should shape the intervention strategies recommended above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Monatsschrift fuer Kriminologie und Strafrechtsreform is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The current research aimed to analyze the affect of family functioning style on selfregulation and marital attitudes of young adults from Pakistan. Existing literature indicated that early life and family experiences shape the individual's perception and feelings towards life especially the decision to marry and start one's own family. Family Functioning Style Scale (Deal et al., 1988), General Attitude towards Marriages (Park & Rosén, 2013) and Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Brown et al., 1999) were filled by 300 unmarried adults with age range of 18 to 30 years from five cities that were Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Gilgit and Skardu. Results indicated that family functioning along its subdomains had signifncantly positive correlation with self-regulation and general attitude towards marriages. The regression analysis showed strong prediction of same. Further, men and young adults from the joint families scored higher on study varaibles. These findings guides the development of family-centered interventions to improve relational and personal outcomes among Pakistani youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper was to examine the differences in the attitudes of the Turkish youth regarding political interest, religious commitment, social conformity, autonomy, support for national technologies, and trust in media and public institutions based on demographic factors including age, gender, education, social class, and marital status. The data were collected through a public opinion survey administered to 812 young people in Turkey, aged 15-29 years. A quota-random sampling method was used in the survey. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) resulted in the identification of 7 factors; patriotism, autonomy from family, trust in government/institutions, political interest, religious commitment, social conformity, and trust in the media. The data indicated a strong patriotic attitude among young people regarding domestic/national technologies. However, trust in the government/institutions and media was at a low level. Young people were seen to have a positive attitude towards social conformity and religious commitment, and more than half of the young people supported the pursuit of autonomy from family. The data indicated that young people have an emotional attachment to their country, but wish to move abroad, particularly due to a lack of trust in institutions and the pursuit of a better life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies explore youth and children language brokering at the interface of caregiving for their migrant families and frame this conceptualisation as interactionally mediated practicing of care with the overall purpose of family sustainability during the family's coping process within the migration context. From this joint perspective, youth and children brokers appear to provide actively care through language while conducting everyday brokering practices to fill interactional gaps between their families and the wider society, and enable the interactional parties involved to express themselves. During this mediation, interactional strategies are crucial because language brokering is beyond translating and interpreting. Drawing on ethnographic data, the paper shows the unique ability of linguistic ethnography to scrutinise interactional strategies in relation to care and applies this approach to examine a number of strategies that Sima, the main young language broker of an Afghan family in Denmark, employs during her within-family brokering. Whereas previous studies have shown that language and culture brokers in their brokering practices act from the perspectives and experiences of their families and the wider society, this paper demonstrates how Sima's awareness of multiple competing perspectives within family interactions facilitates her mediation in caring for the family's parent–child relationships and reconciliation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Most new media research focuses on behavior as a measure of engagement, while the psychological state of being occupied with its content has received little attention. This study examined news engagement beyond pure action observation by exploring young people's psychological experiences with the news. Design/methodology/approach: The study carried out a digital native's survey on 212 people (18–28 years). The focus of the survey was on understanding individuals' engagement with online news using affective and cognitive components. The authors compared the influence of each type of engagement on youth consumption of and attitudes toward online news. Findings: The results of the hierarchical regression analysis showed that affective engagement can be a stronger predictor of online news consumption than cognitive engagement. While affective engagement significantly predicts positive attitudes toward online news, cognitive engagement had no significant effect. Originality/value: These findings suggest that "engaging the heart" is more influential than "engaging the mind" in drawing young people to the news in today's information environment. The study thus contributes to the understanding of the cognitive and emotional focus on news content and their importance in shaping young people's expectations of online news. The findings from this study could have broader implications for future trends in online news consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we analyze the multi-layered engagements of young Muslim activists in Dhaka (Bangladesh) and in the 'Bangladeshi community' in Rome (Italy), illustrating how, despite the local factors shaping a problematic relationship between Islamic activism and civil society in the two contexts, the young people share an attitude that points to the manifestations of a public Islam on a global level. This attitude aims at transcending the sectarianism and isolationism of previous generations, giving rise to civic engagements that rely on a concept of moral personhood, and strive to achieve change in society through modalities that depart from the clichés of political Islam. By considering these varied modalities, we highlight the existence of unconventional links between politics and civil society, and between 'new' and 'old' forms of civil society, contributing to the deconstruction of a Eurocentric and religion-averse understanding of the concept. At the same time, by analyzing the role played by the 'individual' in our interlocutors' engagements, we shed light on counterintuitive convergences between Muslim moral economy and that of neoliberal governmentality, and on the emergence of a 'liquid civil society'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many concerns exist about potential long-term psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people. While the school has been identified as having a vital role in psychological recovery post-disaster more generally, it is unclear as yet how young people have adapted to the return to in-person education. This paper reports on the preliminary findings from an intensive Ecological Momentary Analysis exploration of the affective wellbeing, experiences and coping of 82 Irish second-level students. The participants were found to experience more positive than negative events, and to have moderate-high levels of positive affect and perceived coping during the 7-day period of monitoring. However, the findings also suggest that some students, particularly those with pre-existing psychological difficulties, may be in need of additional targeted support. Accordingly, it is recommended that in the short to medium-term, second-level schools should strive to prioritise the psychological recovery and resilience of students such as through an emphasis on re-establishing and consolidating a sense of student connectedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthony Ellis (2011, 13) examines an excerpt from Thomas Elyot's Castel of Health (1541) in which he observes a doctor's conception about growing old: "old age equals the inception of 'bad humor' and calls for professional intervention." The depiction of senescence or biological aging in literature can be analyzed from the perspective of the abovementioned doctor who attaches negative attributes to senescence. This paper focuses on the effects of aging and ageism on Amanda Wingfield from The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams and Ephraim Cabot from Desire Under the Elms by Eugene O'Neill. Both these aging characters are inclined to stick to their habits, lifestyles and preferences they have developed in their earlier years. Their fixation with their earlier lifestyle gives rise to hatred or indifferent attitude of the younger people around them. The paper examines the detachment and disengagement of the two characters from society and their loved ones due to ageism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the effect of person-organization fit on organizational citizenship behavior in sports organizations. The data of the study was obtained from 192 employees working in various units of the Youth and Sports Provincial Directorate of Izmır, Turkey. Person-organization fit, and organizational citizenship behavior scales were used as data collection tools. The person-organization fit scale developed by Netemeyer, Boles, McKee, and McMurrian (1997) is one-dimensional and consists of 4 items. The organizational citizenship scale, developed by Podsakoff and MacKenzie (1997) and adapted into Turkish by Elçi (2005), consists of five dimensions and 20 items. The study’s findings showed that person-organization fit significantly and positively affected organizational citizenship behavior (β=0.258; p<0.01). Additionally, the findings showed that person-organization fit significantly and positively affected the dimensions of altruism, sportsmanship, conscientiousness, and civic virtue. On the other hand, it was observed that person-organization fit did not have any effect on the courtesy dimension of organizational citizenship behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Swiss Political Science Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2021, the tax on sweetened beverages was introduced in Poland. It is worth knowing how consumers, especially young people, perceive the tax and whether there are any changes in the consumption of such drinks. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 and analyzed a convenience sample of young people's attitudes towards the effectiveness of the tax as well as beverage consumption in the second year of the tax's implementation. This study was conducted using a questionnaire method among 334 young people (167 school students and 167 university students). The vast majority of the study participants (84%) had heard about the introduction of the tax (there was no statistically significant difference between the school students' and the university students' knowledge). Of these, 90% knew that beverages with added sugar are taxed, but only 43% were conscious that beverages with sweeteners are also subject to the tax. Forty percent of those surveyed believed that the introduction of the tax could reduce beverage consumption, while 35% denied this possibility. The view that the tax would have a beneficial effect on reducing drink consumption was statistically significantly more frequently expressed by school students compared to university students (55% vs. 25%; p < 0.05). Of those who were aware of the tax, 31% declared they drank fewer beverages following its introduction, while 58% reported that they had not changed the amount they drank. About 33% of the respondents said they drank sweetened beverages several times a week. According to the study, as a result of the tax, almost one-third of surveyed young Poles reported drinking less beverages than before the tax. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Youth engagement refers to the collaboration between researchers and youth to produce research. Youth engagement in health research has been shown to inform effective interventions aimed at improving health outcomes. However, limited evidence has identified promising practices to meaningfully engage youth. This synthesis aims to describe youth engagement approaches, frameworks, and barriers, as well as provide both evidence-based and youth-generated recommendations for meaningful engagement. Main body: This review occurred in two stages: 1) a narrative review of existing literature on youth engagement and 2) a Youth Advisory Council (YAC) to review and supplement findings with their perspectives, experiences, and recommendations. The terms 'youth engagement' and 'health research' were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO. Articles and non-peer reviewed research works related to youth engagement in health research were included, reviewed, and summarized. The YAC met with research team members and in separate youth-only forums to complement the narrative review with their perspectives. Types of youth engagement include participation as research participants, advisors, partners, and co-investigators. Barriers to youth engagement were organized into youth- (e.g., time commitments), researcher- (e.g., attitudes towards youth engagement), organizational- (e.g., inadequate infrastructure to support youth engagement), and system-level (e.g., systemic discrimination and exclusion from research). To enhance youth engagement, recommendations focus on preparing and supporting youth by offering flexible communication approaches, mentorship opportunities, diverse and inclusive recruitment, and ensuring youth understand the commitment and benefits involved. Conclusions: To harness the potential of youth engagement, researchers need to establish an inclusive and enabling environment that fosters collaboration, trust, and valuable contributions from youth. Future research endeavors should prioritize investigating the dynamics of power-sharing between researchers and youth, assessing the impact of youth engagement on young participants, and youth-specific evaluation frameworks. Plain English summary: Engaging and partnering with youth in research related to healthcare is important, but often not done well. As researchers, we recognize that youth perspectives are needed to make sure we are asking the right questions, using appropriate research methods, and interpreting the results correctly. We searched the literature to identify challenges researchers have faced engaging youth in health research, as well as strategies to partner with youth in a meaningful way. We worked closely with 11 youth from across Canada with experience in healthcare, who formed a Youth Advisory Council. The youth advisors reviewed the literature we found and discussed how it fit with their own experiences and perspectives through group meetings with the research team. Youth advisors divided into four groups to co-author parts of this paper, including identifying the importance, benefits, and challenges of engaging in research and providing reflections on their positive and negative previous experiences as youth advisors. This paper provides an overview of recommendations for researchers to engage with youth in a meaningful way, including how they communicate and meet with youth, recognize their contributions, and implement feedback to improve the experiences of youth partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether the lifestyles of young consumers (students) in Poland can influence their attitudes towards foods containing edible insects. Design/methodology/approach: The empirical survey was conducted via an online platform (CAWI) among 749 students in Poland in 2023. Findings: Most lifestyle determinants (commitment to learning, attention to the nutritional value of food, valuing the culinary traditions of the region of origin, health consciousness and physical activity) correlated positively with environmental concern in terms of willingness to eat food containing edible insects. Research limitations/implications: The research has certain limitations. Despite the large size of the study group, the results obtained are not representative and cannot be generalised to the Z population in Poland. Practical implications: The results of this study may prove beneficial in the development of strategies to enhance food security, particularly in the context of environmental protection. Social implications: The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge regarding the attitudes of young adults, commonly referred to as Generation Z, towards environmental care, food security concerns, and environmental sustainability. In doing so, it considers the influence of lifestyle variables. Originality/value: An investigation into the influence of younger consumers' lifestyles on their attitudes towards environmental care, food security concerns and environmental sustainability is of significant importance in the context of the future of entomophagy in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the effect of active time spent with older adults on young people’s attitudes toward ageism. A single-group pretest-posttest experimental design, one of the quantitative research approaches, was used in the study. In the study conducted with 15 young people in the spring semester of 2023, data were collected using the ‘Positive and Negative Ageism Scale.’ Non-parametric tests were preferred in the analysis of quantitative data since the number of participants in the experimental group was below 30. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to test the significance of the differences between the scores of two sets of in-group related measurements. According to this finding, it was determined that the students showed positive attitudes toward older adults after the application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth seeking care continues to increase, necessitating comprehensive counseling about potential long-term effects of gender-affirming medical interventions on fertility. The objective of this narrative review was to examine fertility-related knowledge, attitudes, and decision-making (including factors influencing decisions, decision regret, and decision tools) among TGD youth. We searched PubMed, PsycInfo, and Google Scholar for original, peer-reviewed research investigating TGD youth attitudes and knowledge of fertility and fertility preservation, perspectives on fertility counseling and fertility preservation decision-making, as well as fertility-related decision tools. We reviewed 106 studies; eight were included in this narrative review. Four studies assessed TGD youth knowledge and attitudes of fertility and fertility preservation, three examined perspectives on fertility counseling and fertility preservation decision-making, and three discussed development of decision tools. Key findings were that: (1) many TGD youth are aware of potential fertility-related impacts of gender-affirming treatments, but there are still unmet informational needs, (2) some TGD youth report an interest in future biological parenthood, and of those who are not currently interested in biological parenthood, many acknowledge their desires may change over time, (3) ongoing discussions about fertility and fertility preservation are critical, and (4) decision tools are in development. In conclusion, TGD youth and their caregivers should receive ongoing, comprehensive fertility counseling and decision tools may be helpful to facilitate these discussions and decisions in each youth's gender-affirming care journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The article aims to examine the expectations of students of the University of Szczecin in relation to the labor market. Factors motivating students to work professionally have been a topic repeatedly discussed by scientists in various years, hence the author’s thesis in her study: “due to significant socio-economic changes in the environment, students need more care and help from their superiors to motivate themselves to take up professional work”. Design/methodology/approach: The author conducted research in the form of an unstructured interview, allowing randomly selected full-time students of the University of Szczecin to answer the question “What encourages you to take up professional career?” Findings: The research results can be used to help prepare motivational systems in enterprises employing young people and also direct attention to the health, psychological and emotional problems of the young generation, which have intensified after the difficult times of the pandemic. Research limitations/implications: The author conducted a research sample by analyzing the responses of 145 students. Students’ statements may constitute a contribution to further, more developed research. Practical implications: The research results can help employers understand the young generation and indicate what tools they should use to mobilize young people for a given employer and, in the long run, keep them in the company for a longer period of time. Originality/value: The article describes issues that have been previously discussed by many authors, but the ability of respondents to express themselves freely shows the great diversity of young people’s expectations towards the labor market, which may help employers and lecturers understand the young generation better. Knowing the problems and expectations of students in relation to their professional work can help managers adopt an appropriate attitude towards young people to facilitate their entry into the world of adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess youth-to-senior transition rates, quantify the magnitude of relative age effect (RAEs), and evaluate how RAEs affect these transitions in 9,527 men's national football players of England, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain. Regardless of national team, only-15%, 25%, and 40% of U17, U19, and U21 players successfully transitioned to the senior team, respectively, whilst-14%-24% progressed to senior level without being selected during youth. Data suggested a skewed birthdate distribution favouring relatively older players at U17, U19, and U21 levels across all countries, whereas RAEs were also present in England, Italy, and Spain at senior level. Youth-to-senior transition rates were modulated by birthdate at U17 and U19, whereby Q4 players were-2 and 1.5 times more likely to successfully transition at senior level than Q1 players, respectively. Selection at youth international level does not guarantee selection at senior level, but does make it more likely. Moreover, relatively younger athletes are disadvantaged in youth categories, although are more likely to transition to senior level once they have entered the pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the context of discussions between supporters and opponents of euthanasia, and legal regulations regarding this type of practices, the attitude of young people with respect to this phenomenon is a very interesting issue. According to Polish law, euthanasia is prohibited. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of acceptance of euthanasia among students from Polish universities across three different fields of study: psychology, medicine, and economic-technical disciplines, and to identify the factors associated with the acceptance of this phenomenon. Methods: The study included 627 persons studying in Lublin, Poland: medicine (280), psychology (170), and economic-technical studies (177). The study was conducted as a survey using questionnaire containing items concerning students' attitudes towards euthanasia. The analysis of the collected data was conducted using the SPSS software (version 29) with the following methods: Chi2, Student's t-test, Phi test, Cramer's V test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's post hoc test, linear regression analysis, and categorical regression analysis using optimal scaling (CATREG). Results: Nearly half of the students participating in the study (45.9%) rated the practice of euthanasia as decidedly negative. The highest number of strongly negative evaluations was found among psychology students, and the least among students of economic-technical disciplines. The level of acceptance of euthanasia is significantly associated with religious involvement and studying psychology. Being religious and being a psychology student both contribute to lower acceptance of euthanasia and a lower willingness to consent to euthanasia. Consent to euthanasia is more commonly declared by individuals with experience of living with elderly people. Conclusions: Although nearly half of the respondents expressed a negative attitude towards euthanasia, considering the secularization process among Polish youth, it can be assumed that the level of acceptance of euthanasia in this social group will increase. The lower level of acceptance of euthanasia among psychology and medical students compared to students of economic-technical disciplines suggests that the curricula of these studies present alternative solutions to the problems of terminally ill patients other than euthanasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractHuman trafficking training involving didactic sessions supplemented by problem-based learning methods took place with youth services specialists in a southern state. Data were collected confidentially and voluntarily using descriptive and bivariate statistics and qualitative responses. Outcomes from the training compared knowledge attainment and differences between regional perspectives. The authors anticipated the pre- and post-training survey data would show significant learning of human trafficking concepts after the first didactic session, with the second session reinforcing these lessons through problem-based learning exercises utilizing a case study. The authors also expected there to be resulting changes in participant (n = 19) attitudes and responses to youth who were at risk of or experiencing human trafficking. Although participants learned concepts of human trafficking, the lessons were not equally accepted or internalized. Comments gathered from participants through post-training interviews revealed a range of responses. The participant’s employer lacked an agency-wide response protocol and, thus, without external guidance, participants struggled with personal biases regarding youths’ consent and choice. This exploratory study highlights the need for agency-wide human trafficking response protocols that incorporate screening tools. Future research should focus on reviewing agency interactions with youth and developing comprehensive response protocols that include screening and universal education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States is in a time of reckoning with whiteness. Despite white people benefiting from a disproportionate amount of power at every level of government, a significant racial wealth gap, preferential treatment in the legal system, and a rise in white supremacy, "colorblind" critics continue to argue against the relevance of race in a purportedly post-racial society. We assert that parents' ethnic-racial socialization (ERS) of their children shapes how children view their racial identity and thus influence important political attitudes. ERS is a process by which individuals are taught values, beliefs, and attitudes about ethnicity and race. Most existing research among families of color suggests ERS is strongly linked to a variety of adult political attitudes. However, less is known about the impact of ERS on political attitudes for white young adults. Drawing on survey data from a national U.S. sample of 944 white, young adults (18–25 years old), we find that white ERS is linked with political attitudes. Specifically, we find that increased cultural socialization , preparation for bias , and egalitarianism are positively related to politically conservative ideology, while anti-racism is positively related to politically liberal ideology. Preparation for bias and egalitarianism are positively related to Republican party identification. Promotion of mistrust , silent racial socialization , and anti-racism are positively related to Democratic party affiliation. We suggest ERS impacts the way a person conceptualizes ethnicity and race and is inextricably linked to political outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extramarital affairs can be detrimental to family stability and individual happiness. Existing literature on the issue suggests that gender and moral qualities can be major influencing factors. Particularly, it is suggested that males are more likely to have affairs compared to females. In this study, we explore deeper possible gender differences together with the sense of responsibility and fairness in young people's attitudes toward extramarital affairs from the perspective of information processing. Following the Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF), we conducted Bayesian analyses on 493 university students from Germany, Vietnam, China, Taiwan, and Japan. Our analysis results show that males are more likely than females to think that extramarital affairs can be justified, but this gender difference is small in magnitude. In linear relationships, importance perceptions of fairness and responsibility do not have any clear effect on attitudes toward affairs. However, when considering the interactions between gender and these moral factors, we found that among males, those who put more importance on responsibility are less likely to think that extramarital affairs are justifiable, but those who put more importance on fairness are more likely to think that extramarital affairs are justifiable. These patterns may be due to how men interpret moral values in their subjective cost-benefit judgments toward marital relationships involving social expectations and personal preferences. Plain language summary: This research examined how gender and moral values affect young people's views on extramarital affairs. The study used a survey on 493 college students from five countries about whether affairs could ever be justified. The study also probed how important they felt responsibility and fairness are to see if gender or morals predicted attitudes on affairs. The study found that men were a bit more likely than women to say affairs could sometimes be justified, but the difference was small. More interestingly, men who valued responsibility more were less likely to justify affairs. But men who valued fairness more were more likely to justify affairs. This suggests men may think about responsibility and fairness differently when evaluating affairs. Responsibility may connect more to social norms against affairs for men. But some men may see affairs as personally fair, even if norms suggest it's wrong. Their own sense of fairness may justify affairs, despite social disapproval. In contrast, women's views were less affected by their senses of responsibility and fairness. This implies men do complex moral calculations about affairs weighing social norms versus personal preferences. Their interpretations of morals like fairness shape their attitudes. More research on this gender difference is needed. The study has limitations as it relied on students, not actual married people. The study also focused only on heterosexual relationships in a few countries, so the relationships in LGBTQ communities are not included in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some subjects are considered to have a high degree of difficulty in students of primary and upper secondary levels. Usually, they are mathematics and physics. Both have become a challenge throughout the planet as the pedagogical demands are becoming increasingly complex in today's society. Prioritizing the theoretical part has always been typical because it improves the ability to generalize and reason new knowledge. However, it hardly contributes to deductive and critical thinking. In addition to this, currently, young people have yet to interest in theoretical subjects. Their attitude needs to be more active, which does not help them want to participate. In order to promote a change of attitude in the youth of section 31 of the 4th semester of the Ing. Pascual Ortiz Rubio High School of the Michoacana University of San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico, a computational thinking workshop (PC). The objective was to generate motivation and stimulation of learning. It is known that the PC stimulates the ability to solve problems with its methodology, including creativity, abstraction, reasoning, and critical thinking. For this first workshop, 17 young people participated, whose performance improved throughout the activity, and later, they reduced the time and obtained deductions and automation according to what was planned. At the end of the workshop, the young people were overjoyed, motivated and knew the power of deductive and critical thinking. At this point, the workshop is considered to have met its objective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Smoking in Bulgaria, including among young people, is alarmingly high. The aim of the current study was to characterize the young adult people who already have stopped smoking against those who continue to use tobacco and nicotine products. Materials and methods: In the period 1 December 2020-2 January 2021, an anonymous online survey among people aged 18-35 was conducted using Google forms actively promoted on different social media. The questions in the survey were related to the general opinions and attitudes of the young adult people towards cigarettes and smoking. Data were collected on 644 respondents with a median age of 26 years (IQR 21-30), with a female predominance (65.4%). Current smokers among the participants were 45.7%, former smokers 21.0%, and never smokers 33.4%. Statistical analysis included only current and former smokers (429 individuals in total). Results: The share of quitters among both sexes is similar: 19.7% of men and 21.6% of women (p > 0.05). Men quitted smoking significantly more often due to financial reasons (31.8%) compared to 16.5% of women (p = 0.042). In addition, men quitted smoking significantly more often with the help of a friend (9.1% compared to 1.1% for women, p=0.039). Smoking experimentation starting with hookah increases 2.8 times the odds of remaining in the current smoker group (OR = 0.354, p = 0.044). Having people who smoke in the respondent immediate environment - both in their homes and at their workplaces - improves their odds of switching to the group of ex-smokers by 10.8 and 11.5%, respectively (OR = 1.108, p < 0.001 and respectively OR = 1.115, p = 0.001). An increase in age by one year resulted in a 7.4% higher odds of quitting smoking (OR = 1.074, p = 0.002). Conclusion: As the age of the young adult smokers advances, so do their chances of quitting - but this exposes them for longer to the adverse effects of tobacco smoke. The efforts of the prevention programs should be aimed in the first place at preventing youth from starting to smoke. Information campaigns focused on young people and on the broader society about the harm of hookahs and the possibility of creating a subsequent addiction to cigarettes are needed, as well as a more comprehensive use of tax control measures. General practitioners (GPs) have a key role in forming of intention to quit, and in supporting of quitting itself. The GPs are the professionals (or institution) most suitable for health promotion activities, since they stand in closest connection to the patients, yet they need additional support in this respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

European states and international organizations employ migration information campaigns to discourage African youth from trying to get to Europe without the necessary papers. Campaigns count on a variety of actors, including local staff members of Non-Governmental Organizations in origin countries. Yet, little is known about how local campaign implementers perceive and perform their tasks. This article investigates why and how Senegalese citizens help to implement campaigns in Senegal when such campaigns try to curb the very mobility they aspire to themselves. Drawing on 15 months of ethnographic fieldwork in Senegal, where we observed how migration campaigns were organized and run, the article shows how local implementers produce borders in their daily activities while at the same time making use of the ambiguity campaigns create. We find that local campaign staffs are brokers who simultaneously reinforce and undermine 'soft' borders in their work of translating policy into practice. We analyze how campaigns are performed through the speech acts of local staff, which define and consolidate control over the mobility of Senegalese youth. At the same time, local implementers, in their practical and discursive labor, find fissures to contest dominant discourses and push an alternative message. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescence and emerging adulthood are developmental phases in which the exploration of one's own sexuality takes on a high priority, which can increase the risk of risky sexual behavior. Due to technological advances, (non-consensual) sexting has increased among young people and has become an integral part of their sexual socialization. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to examine non-consensual sexting (both victimization and perpetration) among adolescents and emerging adults and to identify potential risk factors associated with non-consensual sexting using routine activity theory. The sample consisted of a total of 3514 adolescents aged 10–17 years (43% males; 57% females) and 3674 emerging adults aged 18–25 years (23% males; 77% females) from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. The results showed that both male adolescents and emerging adults were at higher risk for experiencing non-consensual sexting victimization. Personal factors such as gender, age, social bond, and routine cell phone activity predicted the risk of becoming a victim of non-consensual sexting in adolescents. For emerging adults, gender, social connection to friends, and routine cell phone use predicted the risk of becoming a victim of non-consensual sexting. Relationship status and routine cell phone activity predicted the forwarding of other sexts for both age groups. According to international scientific research and the findings of this particular study, we can conclude that the study of personal factors and routine variables helps understand non-consensual sexting among youth but is also essential in planning educational resources and preventive activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past decade and a half, skill development has assumed critical importance in India's policy discourse. In this context, in 2016, a German inspired vocational training programme called Dual System of Training was adopted by the Indian government to ensure a judicious balance of classroom learning and on-the-job training for young people. Based on semi-structured interviews with twenty-five national level policy makers in India we examine the drivers of this particular policy adoption and suggest that the sedimentation, expansion and institutionalization of the policy remain embedded in a bureaucracy-driven centralised and hierarchical framework, thereby limiting much of its transformative promise and potential. Our contextual focus on TVET reforms in India characterised by massive youth demographics, competing political compulsions, uneven capitalist development and increasing nationalistic tendencies reveal the complexities of policy adoption from the Global South perspective, an area that remains understudied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In recent decades, the quality of life in the local environment has become a key issue in research focused on neighborhoods, cities, and smaller regions. The quality-of-life concept is used to determine positive and negative aspects of life in the local community, which makes it a complex and multidimensional concept. Having that in mind, this paper tries to evaluate the quality of life based on dimensions related to the socio-material aspects of life in a settlement but also to the social opportunities important for young people's transition to adulthood and planning their future. This paper is based on the data collected from a survey of third and fourth grade students of high schools in Vukovar-Syrmia County, on the eastern border of the Republic of Croatia, conducted in 2019. The goal was to answer the following research questions: 1) to what degree do certain dimensions of life quality impact general satisfaction of young people with their lives, 2) how relevant are certain assessments of the life quality dimensions for understanding the future of the local community. Since both individual lives and the lives of local communities are rooted in the temporal dimension, the quality of life research enables us to find the link between the present state and the perception of the future. The results of the research not only contribute to a better understanding of local living conditions on attitudes and satisfaction of young people, but they also motivate reflections of change and planning of local realities in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While education is often seen as a main strategy for enabling sustainable futures, youth question the ability of modern schooling to provide them with the necessary tools to mitigate our current planetary crises. In this paper, we argue for the need for more critical insight into how youth understand and envision sustainability. The paper is based on a pedagogical intervention study, with a design inspired by decolonial pedagogy (Pashby & Sund, 2019, p. 38). Data was collected in two interconnected workshops at three Norwegian upper secondary schools. We share reflections communicated by students in conversations during the workshops. The material shows that although the students display criticality and an acknowledgement of the need for alternative ways of thinking, they also express a frustration over not being provided with the necessary tools to express this critique through their current education. We argue that if sustainability is to provide an educational avenue of hope and change, it requires tools that can help students challenge the limitations of modern-colonial habits of being and knowing. As the students suggest themselves, there is also a need for making space for more creative and imaginative pedagogical practices in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the study is to evaluate the influence of participants' expected inheritance (assets) on their attitudes toward etatism and pension benefits. The primary question is whether young people with an expected family inheritance exhibit different attitudes in these areas. Additionally, the study examines attitudes across gender, age, and country. One of the most significant challenges of pensions is preserving value over an individual's lifetime, as there is no definitive answer regarding which assets perform best in this regard. Public skepticism toward the pension system and the state is common, complicating matters further. This problem is particularly pronounced among younger individuals who have yet to assume full economic and financial responsibilities. They are often less economically literate and have limited access to financial advice. However, they do receive some foundational prior knowledge from their homes. The rationale for incorporating attitudes towards pensions as a valid variable is that prior knowledge plays a crucial role in judgments on specific issues, such as preserving value in the future or evaluating long-term investments. Even without personal experience, individuals have attitudes that shape their judgments. Overall, more than 700 people participated in the study. After removing outliers, N= 531 valid cases from seven countries: Poland, Romania, the USA, the UK, Canada, and Ireland. A power analysis preceded the testing of the MANOVA model. We found a significant difference in attitudes among participants who grew up in families investing in real estate and tangible assets. Those from families that invested in tangible assets exhibited a stronger concern regarding pension benefits, implying that people with such investments feel less secure about their pensions. Additionally, we found a significant interaction effect between the type of country and expected inheritance. In the Anglosphere countries, people have more positive attitudes toward etatism and pension benefits compared to those in Poland and Romania. This outcome confirms stronger kinship ties in the latter countries and a higher cultural attachment to real estate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study was to translate and validate the ACS-C for adolescents. The Attentional Control Scale for Children is an extensively used measure of attentional control in youth as well. Attentional control (AC) is the capacity to focus, sustain, and redirect one's attention deliberately and strategically. The scale translation process was carried out by following the standard International Testing Commission guidelines, including forward and backward translation, committee assessment, and pilot testing. This study sample for cross-language validation comprised 300 adolescents between the age range of 15 to 19 years (Mage= 17.50, SD = 1.32). The ACS-C is a 20-item scale with two subscales: attentional focusing and attentional shifting. The findings of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) demonstrated a good model fit to the data and the final model was retained with two- two-factor solution having 9 items in the attentional focusing subscale and 10 items in the attentional shifting subscale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The article addresses the impact of religiosity on family formation and, in the longer run, on human capital accumulation. It proposes to see religiosity as indirect but important factor in the perspective of economic development. Design/methodology/approach: Most often human capital is associated with education and health care. It is less frequently attributed to the influence of the family. The paper juxtaposes literature showing how religiosity influences family and how functioning of the family impacts human capital development with presentation of original empirical data on family attitudes and plans of young generation of Poles. Findings: (1) The article presents the results of research indicating, that (1) family is important for the creation of human capital, (2) religiosity is beneficial to the stability of the family condition. (2) On the basis of empirical survey, the article offers evidence that religiosity is a key feature differentiating young people's attitudes towards marriage, family and parenthood. Research limitations/implications: It is recommended to develop further research oriented towards examining the relationship between religiosity, family and human capital outcomes. Practical implications: On the basis of analysis presented in the article it is important - in the perspective of demographic decline and its economic consequences – to study how changes in culture (incl. religiosity) – influence family and human capital development. This is useful for designing social and demographic policies. Social implications: The article broadens knowledge of the role of religiosity for human capital development, enriching the area of research on the impact of religion and family on economy. The findings improve public opinion’ understanding of the role of religious practices and institutions in strengthening the social fabric and economic performance. Originality/value: The paper offers new proposal to link research on the role of religiosity for the condition of the family to the analysis of the influence of family on human capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]