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Fuzzy front-end is the research frontier of manufacturing industry. This study investigates the relationship between market-oriented FFE activities and manufacturing startup growth performance by adopting an open innovative ancient Chinese Taoism Yin-Yang approach under this post-pandemic circumstance. This study also examines the moderating behavioral effect of Chinese Zen-originated CEO mindfulness between market-oriented FFE activities and manufacturing startup growth performance. Data for this study were gathered from 343 Chinese manufacturing startups' CEOs across different manufacturing industries, including both high-tech and conventional manufacturing industries. The collected data were analyzed by using structural equation modeling and Bootstrap method. The quantitative analysis results show that most market-oriented FFE activities have positive effects on manufacturing startup growth performance and the Chinese Zen-originated CEO mindfulness positively moderates the relationship between most FFE activities and startup growth performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a continuous cycle of activation and contraction in the immune response against pathogens and other threats to human health in life. This intrinsic yin-yang of the immune response ensures that inflammatory processes can be appropriately controlled once that threat has been resolved, preventing unnecessary tissue and organ damage. Various factors may contribute to a state of perpetual immune activation, leading to a failure to undergo immune contraction and development of cytokine storm syndromes. A literature review was performed to consider how the trajectory of the immune response in certain individuals leads to cytokine storm, hyperinflammation, and multiorgan damage seen in cytokine storm syndromes. The goal of this review is to evaluate how underlying factors contribute to cytokine storm syndromes, as well as the symptomatology, pathology, and long-term implications of these conditions. Although the recognition of cytokine storm syndromes allows for universal treatment with steroids, this therapy shows limitations for symptom resolution and survival. By identifying cytokine storm syndromes as a continuum of disease, this will allow for a thorough evaluation of disease pathogenesis, consideration of targeted therapies, and eventual restoration of the balance in the yin-yang immune response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce a cultural perspective, Yin-Yang logic, to explore how street-level policy entrepreneurs (SLPEs) formulate policy and foster inter-local collaborations across 14 Chinese cities. Drawing on a case forming the Chinese Eastern Northeast Economic Zone (2003-2016), we identify 20 critical incidents through interviews and content analysis. We make four main theoretical contributions: (i) this study is the first in the SLPEs literature to introduce a cultural perspective, the Yin-Yang logic, for understanding the complex yet central role that SLPEs play in policy innovation; (ii) it reveals a sequential six-stage process view in policy innovation formation from the Yin-Yang perspective; (iii) it extends our understanding of policy actors, SLPEs, as change agents outside Western democracies and provides the Yin-Yang perspective for dealing with the contextual paradoxical conditions; and (iv) SLPEs demonstrate three Yin-Yang framed capabilities in harnessing the natural momentum (shi) generated by the interaction and balancing forces of Yin-Yang dynamics.

This perspective article delves into a novel integration of Yin-Yang theory—an ancient Chinese philosophical cornerstone—with the sophisticated realm of immunology. Given the intricate concepts inherent in immunology, many students find it challenging to comprehend the delicate mechanisms governing immune equilibrium and regulation. Given the deep-rooted understanding of Yin-Yang theory among Chinese students, we advocate for an educational strategy that contextualizes the concept of immune equilibrium within the framework of Yin-Yang, thereby offering a more intuitive and engaging learning experience. This method not only capitalizes on the cultural significance of Yin- Yang, but also corresponds to its principles of equilibrium and harmony, thus mirroring the homeostatic essence of immune responses. This article critically assesses this technique’s capacity to bolster immune comprehension amongst Chinese students, while also considering its limitations. Despite these limitations, the fusion of these seemingly divergent fields holds substantial promise for augmenting immunology education, promoting critical thinking, and advancing cross-cultural academic discourse. The amalgamation of age-old philosophical insights with modern scientific exploration prompts a reassessment of educational methodologies within immunology, underscoring a novel pedagogical approach that bridges traditional wisdom with contemporary scientific education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a traditional Chinese medical practice, has gradually evolved into a coherent and systematic medical science based on natural principles and applied to human beings over time. The publication of the "Huangdi Neijing" (The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine, Written between the Warring States period and the Qin and Han Dynasties, and finally compiled in the Western Han Dynasty, from 475 B.C.E.-8 C.E.) signified the establishment of a comprehensive theoretical framework for Chinese medicine. Due to the perspective of the 'correspondence between heaven and man' in TCM, the purpose of this paper is to explore the origin and development of the basic theories of TCM under the ancient astronomical view and the connection between the two. Methods: This paper emphases on the universe uninty with the humanities, philosophy, and medicine, starting with the forms of stargazing in ancient Chinese astronomy and the natural laws derived by the ancients from their observations of natural celestial phenomena. Results: Astronomy, arts and crafts, divination and medical correlations are based on the sequential changes of natural seasons. Conclusion: The operation of natural celestial phenomena and the characteristics of physical phenomena correspond to human physiology, and the development of the basic theories of Chinese medicine is inextricably linked to ancient astronomy, ancient philosophy, and ancient primeval science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tai chi culture has a widespread influence on the world. Tai-chi diagrams, as the symbol of Tai chi culture, express the balance between Yin and Yang through the centrosymmetric pattern, but the balance connotation of Tai-chi diagrams needs a comprehensive understanding in more aspects, e.g., the balance in mechanics. In this work, we propose a mechanics theory to investigate the intrinsic mechanism of Yin–Yang equilibrium in ancient and modern Tai-chi diagrams. The model based on the minimum potential energy theory can effectively describe the interface curves of the Yin–Yang equilibrium by modifying boundary conditions, which is proven by experiments. The results show that the balance of Tai-chi diagrams is not only manifested in its symmetrical appearance but also reflected in its intrinsic balance configuration in mechanics. The model presented herein provides a new perspective to understand the balance of Tai-chi diagrams, which may provide useful insights into the applications of Tai-chi diagrams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though the role of aesthetics in human life is presumed, its critical role in tourism experience formation is not well-understood. Aesthetic experiences are in the genes of culture and heritage sites; however, aesthetic experience formation in heritage tourism sites is void in tourism theory. To fill this void in the current tourism theory, this study explores how tourists define aesthetics and how aesthetic tourism experiences are formed in the context of heritage tourism, in a particular tourism heritage setting–the Chinese classical gardens. The findings revealed the manifestation and connotation of the Yin???Yang symbolism in Chinese tourists' ways of appreciating both the natural and cultural landscapes within a World Heritage Site. The study highlights the notion of "aesthetic gaze" as a term that implies the vital influences of individuals' cultural, philosophical, and aesthetic traditions on their ways of generating tourism aesthetic experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wound repair is a complex and dynamic process, involving stages of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Standard methods currently used for clinical treatment of skin defects remain unsatisfying and alternative treatments have emerged including acupuncture mostly relying on the conventional needle method. It is applied sustained acupuncture therapy with bioengineered stem cell‐loaded hydrogel microspheres (A‐SGC), where the data gathered through transcriptomics, metabolomics, and single‐cell omics analyses are used to construct a comprehensive multi‐omics map underlying the wound regeneration process with such a therapy. Under the treatment of A‐SGC, the interactions and Yin‐Yang balance among fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes facilitated skin regeneration instead of scarred healing. The genes related to the promotion of matrix synthesis and re‐epithelialization played important roles in the transition from the inflammatory granulation phase to the stromal remodeling phase. This convergence use of hydrogel microspheres, stem cells, and sustained acupuncture therapy could have previously unattainable therapeutic implications for improved wound treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malignancies are a difficult to treat disease in clinical practice. At present, there are many cases of differentiation and treatment based on qi and yin deficiency, the coagulation of phlegm, blood stasis and cancer toxin, there are few theories on the treatment of yang deficiency and yin excessiveness, as well as the coagulation of cold and dampness. On the basis of inheriting the cancer toxin theory of Chinese medicine master ZHOU Zhongying, combined with the theory of promoting yang and our own practice, we believe that malignancy is caused by yang deficiency as the foundation, cold dampness, phlegm-turbidity stagnation and toxin transformation as the manifestation, and the key pathogenesis can be summarized as yang deficiency and yin binding. Based on this, it is proposed to differentiate and treat malignancies from promoting yang and eliminating yin. The method of promoting yang and eliminating yin is people-oriented, with harmony as the value, based on the whole, with a focus on adjusting harmony, constantly promoting yang and timely eliminating yin. The specific differentiation and treatment strategies are as follows: in the early stages of malignancy, it is important to seize the opportunity to warm and dredge, or eliminate yin; malignancy is already present, balancing deficiency and excess, supplementing, eliminating, and harmonizing appropriately; after malignancy surgery, it is important to strengthen the foundation and regulate the spleen and kidney, and strengthen both congenital and acquired constitution; treating the zang-fu organs accordingly, elevating and lowering, and conforming to the physiology of the organs. Unlike simple malignancy treatment and detoxification, promoting yang and eliminating yin is a method of examining symptoms and identifying etiology and pathogenesis. It involves macroscopic regulation of yin and yang, dynamic management of medication, and orderly treatment, which can significantly improve the quality of life of patients and increase long-term survival rates. Exploring the theory and strategy of promoting yang and eliminating yin in the differentiation and treatment of malignancy can provide new ideas and references for the clinical differentiation and treatment of malignancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China does not have a unified and consistent ethical understanding. Ethics have to be mostly conceived and applied in personal terms. At the negotiation table, parties bring their own moral principles and values from their cultural background, education, and experience. Justice principles anchored in Chinese moral philosophy clearly take precedence over legal justice principles. For a Chinese negotiator, striking a deal is a process of balancing between two contradictory sets of values: Confucius' notions of rightness, and those of modern distributive (and procedural) justice. Now, distributive justice implies a whole range of criteria, such as rewards according to efforts, merits, and contribution, as well as need. Equality is still not on the Chinese justice agenda. Fairness has to find its own way between guanxi requirements, traditional nepotism, the influence of symbols, propitious numbers, references to ancestors, feng shui, and astrology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Born and bred in the Western lands in the context of ecological crisis and feminist movement in the 1970s, ecofeminism views men's rule over women and human's rule over nature as two aspects of the same issue, and believes that there is an inherent connection between them. By criticizing the oppressive status of women and nature, and eliminating the dualism rooted in western patriarchy, ecofeminism aims to promote equality and harmony among all things. Taoism, an ancient Eastern philosophy with a history of thousands of years, also places great emphasis on harmony among individuals, nature, society, and the universe. Its principles of "the unity of man and nature", and balance between "Yin" and "Yang" provide philosophical support for ecofeminism which rejects dualisms and encourages wholeness and harmony. As society and economy develop rapidly, humanity faces a series of crisis, and this paper just intends to combine ecofeminism with Taoism to make an analysis on Louise Glück's poem collection of A Village Life to explore her ecofeminist consciousness and how she advocates the establishment of a diverse but harmonious world without hierarchical differences in her poems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How can liberalist Hong Kong and socialist China coexist without posing a threat to each other? Based on L. H. M. Ling's Daoist–Zhongyi theory and China's 'One Country, Two Systems' (OCTS) policy over Hong Kong, this article analyses how the differences could be addressed through the Daoist–Zhongyi treatments of political healing, namely mutual resonances with respective legacies and desires, open engagement of parity and comity, power-sharing and trust. However, it also discusses how the Daoist–Zhongyi treatments might be misused for control when principles of healing are abandoned. First, drawing on the Chinese classics Daodejing and Huangdinejing, it outlines healing treatments of the Daoist–Zhongyi theory. Second, by examining the formation of the OCTS in the 1980s, it illustrates how the Daoist–Zhongyi treatments could be practised through mutual recognition, compassion, and trust through political commitments and compromises. Third, it discusses how the recent imposition of China's National Security Law for Hong Kong exploits the Daoist–Zhongyi approach, making OCTS a tool for control rather than healing. The article concludes by indicating the indefinite nature of the Daoist–Zhongyi approach as a dialectical statecraft. Its potential for healing or control depends on whether the treatments deviate from Dao. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The opening article of this collection serves as an invitation to academics and practitioners of international relations to rethink and transform, not merely observe and contain, long-standing conflicts in East Asia and beyond. Traditionally such conflicts, and the violence that has emerged around them, have been understood through the lens of dichotomous frameworks associated with Westphalian modernity. We need alternative paradigms in East Asian political discourse to think and do differently. Here, we contribute to this effort by examining how East Asian medical thought and practice can facilitate political healing in the region. The use of medical analogies and metaphors is not uncommon in academic and policy discussions, and our approach underscores terminologies and thought processes that resonate with many in the region. East Asian medicine (EAM) is rooted in Daoist yin/yang dialectics and the concept of qi, both of which stress attention to balance, ontological parity and inter-connectedness. It offers inspiration for a creative analytical approach, metaphorical imagination and normative inspiration to diagnose ongoing confrontations. Despite apparent divisions, we propose that ongoing conflicts can be treated as ailments afflicting a shared political body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many, relations across the Taiwan Strait appears to be an unresolvable sovereignty-cum-security impasse in the Westphalian world. Drawing analogies and metaphors from East Asian medicine (EAM), we reconceive this apparent zero-sum impasse as an inner imbalance of the China–Taiwan 'body' and investigate the possible healing effects of some Taiwanese Buddhist organisations. We identify three interrelated patterns in cross-Strait relations analogous to Spleen qi deficiency, Blood deficiency and yin deficiency. In EAM, the Spleen is associated with holding and its qi deficiency means poor digestion and/or Blood loss. Insufficient Blood is a type of yin deficiency, affecting all the fluids and lubrication of the body. While the cross-Strait movements of people, goods, services and capital have been increasing since the end of the Cold War, the 'body' fails to transform such 'food' into trust or a sense of 'we-ness' as 'Blood'. We argue that cross-Strait Buddhist exchanges are conducive to conflict transformation, although they do not amount to a cure-all. Specifically, Tzu Chi Foundation's charity work and Fo Guang Shan's cultural education in China have cultivated mutual understandings and goodwill at the grassroots level, resembling therapeutic responses that help to relieve some of the symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a continuous cycle of activation and contraction in the immune response against pathogens and other threats to human health in life. This intrinsic yin-yang of the immune response ensures that inflammatory processes can be appropriately controlled once that threat has been resolved, preventing unnecessary tissue and organ damage. Various factors may contribute to a state of perpetual immune activation, leading to a failure to undergo immune contraction and development of cytokine storm syndromes. A literature review was performed to consider how the trajectory of the immune response in certain individuals leads to cytokine storm, hyperinflammation, and multiorgan damage seen in cytokine storm syndromes. The goal of this review is to evaluate how underlying factors contribute to cytokine storm syndromes, as well as the symptomatology, pathology, and long-term implications of these conditions. Although the recognition of cytokine storm syndromes allows for universal treatment with steroids, this therapy shows limitations for symptom resolution and survival. By identifying cytokine storm syndromes as a continuum of disease, this will allow for a thorough evaluation of disease pathogenesis, consideration of targeted therapies, and eventual restoration of the balance in the yin-yang immune response.

Identifying the mechanisms behind the β-cell adaptation to failure is important to develop strategies to manage type 2 diabetes (T2D). Using db/db mice at early stages of the disease process, we took advantage of unbiased RNA sequencing to identify genes/pathways regulated by insulin resistance in β-cells. We demonstrate herein that islets from 4-week-old nonobese and nondiabetic leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice exhibited downregulation of several genes involved in cell cycle regulation and DNA repair. We identified the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) as a common gene between both pathways. The expression of YY1 and its targeted genes was decreased in the db/db islets. We confirmed the reduction in YY1 expression in β-cells from diabetic db/db mice, mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and individuals with T2D. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing profiling in EndoC-βH1 cells, a human pancreatic β-cell line, indicated that YY1 binding regions regulate cell cycle control and DNA damage recognition and repair. We then generated mouse models with constitutive and inducible YY1 deficiency in β-cells. YY1-deficient mice developed diabetes early in life due to β-cell loss. β-Cells from these mice exhibited higher DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and cell death as well as decreased maturation markers. Tamoxifen-induced YY1 deficiency in mature β-cells impaired β-cell function and induced DNA damage. In summary, we identified YY1 as a critical factor for β-cell DNA repair and cell cycle progression.

The changes in T regulatory cell (Treg) and T helper cell (Th) 17 ratios holds paramount importance in ensuring internal homeostasis and disease progression. Recently, novel subsets of Treg and Th17, namely IL-17-producing Treg and IL-10-producing Th17 have been identified. IL-17-producing Treg and IL-10-producing Th17 are widely considered as the intermediates during Treg/Th17 transformation. These "bi-functional" cells exhibit plasticity and have been demonstrated with important roles in multiple physiological functions and disease processes. Yin and Yang represent opposing aspects of phenomena according to the ancient Chinese philosophy "Yin-Yang" theory. Furthermore, Yin can transform into Yang, and vice versa, under specific conditions. This theory has been widely used to describe the contrasting functions of immune cells and molecules. Therefore, immune-activating populations (Th17, M1 macrophage, etc.) and immune overreaction (inflammation, autoimmunity) can be considered Yang, while immunosuppressive populations (Treg, M2 macrophage, etc.) and immunosuppression (tumor, immunodeficiency) can be considered Yin. However, another important connotation of "Yin-Yang" theory, the conversion between Yin and Yang, has been rarely documented in immune studies. The discovery of IL-17-producing Treg and IL-10-producing Th17 enriches the meaning of "Yin-Yang" theory and further promotes the relationship between ancient "Yin-Yang" theory and modern immunology. Besides, illustrating the functions of IL-17-producing Treg and IL-10-producing Th17 and mechanisms governing their differentiation provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the dynamically changing statement of immune statement in health and diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The treatment of reproductive disorders and the promotion of fertility represent cornerstones of the equine and bovine industries. Along with conventional medical treatments, the use of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which has been used to treat reproductive problems for thousands of years in humans, is showing increasing potential through evidencebased studies to treat infertility in animals. In this article, a traditional Chinese veterinary medicine (TCVM) approach to treatment of infertility in the mare will be presented. Discussion of common TCVM infertility patterns in the sub-fertile mare such as Kidney Qi and Blood Deficiency and Kidney Yin Deficiency will be explored. Review of research studies substantiating evidence-based efficacy of TCVM techniques along with practical tips for acupuncture and herbal medicine treatment for infertility will also be presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Water Element, as part of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Five Elements, is associated with winter, coldness, darkness and the Zang-fu organs Kidney and Bladder. The TCM Kidney, encompasses far more than the Western concept of an organ which produces and excretes the waste product urine. It controls water and fluid metabolism; a primordial generator (Ming-men Fire, Essence, Jing, promotes growth, skeleton, marrow, innate constitution); Yin-Yang dynamics (innate Yin and Yang); receives Qi; life functions (sexual behavior, reproduction, neuroendocrine axis, nervous system, urinary system, manufacture Blood, acute sense of hearing, controls the 2 lower orifices, assists respiration); as well as supports good life/living (houses commitment, will power, memory). Diseases of the Kidney can manifest as congenital deficiencies, fearful attitude, pathological changes (Yin and Yang Deficiencies, chronic debilitation), and physiological deficiencies associated with senescence. Some of the more common clinical signs of Kidney (Water Element) disease include renal/reproduction disorders, lumbar pain, hind end weakness, teeth/hair loss, deafness, lassitude, neuroendocrine disorders, asthma, congenital disease and bone disorders. One of the most famous formulas to treat Kidney Yang Deficiency and decline of Ming-men Fire is the classical herbal formula Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan. The strategy of this formula is to tonify Kidney Yin to raise Kidney Yang, (since Yin and Yang are mutually dependent), with the addition of warm herbs to ignite the Fire of Ming-men. From a Chinese medical perspective, Kidney Yang Deficiency syndrome may cause endocrine system disorders, immune-deficiency, neurological, renal, and reproductive disorders. This paper will review the Zang-fu Kidney function, and the classic Chinese herbal medicine, Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill from the Golden Cabinet). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yin-Yang Dialectical Psychotherapy (YYDP) was developed by Profession Zheng, a Chinese psychologist. It conflates the traditional Chinese Yin-Yang theory with humanistic therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and the philosophy of structuralism from Western cultures. YYDP is effective in addressing a wide range of psychological issues. This article is a case study of the use of YYDP in psychological counseling for an adolescent who was experiencing teenage rebellion with a risk of dropping out of school. YYDP successfully helped the client, and her parents develop more positive and balanced attitudes towards interpersonal relationships and supported the client in restoring normal school life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" by Ursula K. Le Guin delves into the complexities of the human condition and nature, exploring through them the concept of utopia. Resorting to the Yin-Yang theory, Le Guin proposes the interdependence between utopian and dystopian traits, exploring the cycle they form and the transformation they allow. Omelas stands, in this article, as the perfect example of this interdependence, as it presents a seemingly utopian setting marked by inherently dystopian traits, i.e., the child and the abuse to which it is the victim. The paradoxical nature of Omelas prompts contemplation regarding the true meaning of utopia and the means through which it can be achieved (or not). By analyzing the departure of those who refuse to perpetuate Omelas' social contract through the Yin-Yang lens, this article clarifies where the utopia truly resides in Omelas. In light of this, one finds that the true utopia in Omelas can be found in three places: the ones who choose to leave, as the embodiment of utopia; the journey on which they embark; and, finally, the out-ofreach destination they are heading towards, and which will keep moving them. In this story, Le Guin parts with the tradition of utopian writing, advocating for a dynamic state rather than a static one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Chinese medicine, rooted in a rich history dating back thousands of years, offers a holistic approach to healthcare that has endured the test of time. This comprehensive review explores the ancient wisdom and modern relevance of Chinese medicine, shedding light on its principles, practices, and adaptability in contemporary healthcare. Methods: This review employs a multidisciplinary approach, drawing upon ancient texts, modern scientific research, and clinical studies to elucidate the core tenets of Chinese medicine. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in various databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and traditional Chinese medical databases, to identify relevant articles, books, and historical documents. Results: The review synthesizes the fundamental concepts of Chinese medicine, such as Qi, Yin-Yang, the five elements, and meridian system, while examining their physiological and clinical significance in the context of modern medicine. It also delves into the integration of Chinese Medicine into mainstream healthcare systems worldwide, highlighting its growing acceptance and utilization in the treatment of various conditions, including chronic pain, mental health disorders, and complementary cancer care. Discussion: The discussion section explores the synergy between traditional Chinese medicine and contemporary medical practices, emphasizing the potential for a complementary approach that bridges the gap between Eastern and Western healthcare. It addresses the challenges and opportunities in integrating Chinese medicine into evidence-based medicine, emphasizing the importance of rigorous research and standardization. Conclusion: In conclusion, this review underscores the enduring wisdom of Chinese medicine, showcasing its adaptability and relevance in the modern healthcare landscape. It advocates for continued collaboration between traditional Chinese medicine and conventional medical systems, fostering a more holistic and patient-centered approach to healthcare. By embracing the ancient wisdom of Chinese medicine alongside modern medical advancements, we can pave the way for a healthier and more balanced future.

This paper offers a novel theoretical account of why and when top management team (TMT) gender diversity lends strategic advantage. Building on social role theory, we develop a moderated-mediation model showing: (a) TMT psychological safety mediates the effect of TMT gender diversity on firm ambidextrous strategic orientation (ASO) (why), and (b) firm slack moderates this mediated effect (when). We tested our model in the context of Chinese high-tech small- and medium-sized enterprises. After confirming gender differences in social role-based proclivities at the TMT level, a multi wave survey study of 373 members from 120 TMTs showed that TMT gender diversity positively affects ASO via TMT psychological safety, and this mediated effect is stronger when firms lack is lower than higher. We further inter viewed 23 top managers to supplement key quantitative results. Our study advances upper echelons research on TMT gender diversity in two ways. First, ithighlightsthegender-specificinterpersonalbenefitofTMTgenderdiversity, which is markedly distinct from the cognitive-variety argument associated generically with TMT demographic diversity. Second, it considers both men and women in TMTs in amore balanced manner, thereby offering an alternative account to the female-focused theorization of the positive strategic implications of TMT gender diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a paradox between the demands for safety and the productive value of risk in outdoor education and adventure learning. This seems particularly to be the case in Chinese culture, policy, and empirical practice of outdoor education. This paper aims to utilise the rich cultural context and philosophical perspectives of China to broaden the landscape of outdoor education knowledge. Chinese cultural intricacies and insights from Taoist philosophy offer an unconventional perspective for redefining traditional binary concepts of risk and safety, relevant to outdoor education as it is practised in China. A Taoist lens is used to analyse Chinese college students’ documented reflections on their experience of outdoor education through a case study. The convergence of Taoist philosophy and culturally embedded pedagogical practices in China presents an innovative pathway for re-imagining the existing terrain of Western adventure learning research and teaching norms in outdoor education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Yin-Yang and the golden mean are the core concepts of Chinese culture, but there is a lack of a bridge connecting with modern science. The power-law model has good robustness or anti-interference ability in complex system science, suggesting that it is closely related to Yin-Yang and the golden mean. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the Yin-Yang dialectical characteristics of long-term aerobic exercise against Alzheimer’s disease based on the power-law model and to discuss the potential role of Yin-Yang theory of power-law model in the complex systems of the human body. METHODS: Referring to the theory of Yin-Yang, the relationship rationality and the golden mean, this paper uses power law to characterize each pair of parameters, and the factors that cause the power law coefficient and index changes are referred to as Yin-Yang causes. Then, a parametric pair model of human Yin-Yang is proposed and applied to experimental animal studies of Alzheimer’s disease. The parameters of the human body constitute the parameter space, and the geometric mean of the parameter space is defined as the golden center of the parameter space. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: Yin and Yang are subjective feelings of power-law relationship of objective parameters. Yin-Yang attribute of two subspaces exists in relation to the joint space of two subspaces. Yin-Yang secret or Yin-Yang imbalance in two subspaces correspond to the same-level power law or upgraded power law in two subspaces respectively. Animal experimental data shows that Alzheimer’s disease modeling can cause Yin-Yang imbalance, and habitual swimming before modeling can resist the changes in Yin-Yang parameters caused by Alzheimer’s disease modeling. The above results indicate that the reasonable explanation of Yin-Yang theory of power-law model by human complex system parameters can be used for Yin-Yang dialectic in data space and the power-law relationship in objective parameters can represent the Yin-Yang characteristics of subjective feelings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper holds that Laozi's philosophy on softness is a topic that remains to be fully discussed. By distinguishing between the meanings of softness and weakness, this paper discusses how Wang Bi semantically integrated the two, presenting them as methods to attain the Dao. In this paper, the differences in Wang Bi's usage of "柔弱" (softness and weakness) and "柔顺" (softness and compliance) in his annotations on the Daodejing and Yijing are noted, emphasizing the logical support and rational explanation that Wang Bi provided for the external behaviors of gentleness described in the hexagram lines. Wang Bi reconciled the contradictions between Confucian and Daoist views on valuing gentleness and balancing Yin–Yang. In the text, he elaborates on gentleness as both a personal moral requirement and a method of social governance, addressing the real-world issues of his time and thus greatly enhancing the practicality of Laozi's philosophy of valuing softness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epistemic akrasia describes a non-ideal situation in which an agent holds a belief like, “P, but my evidence does not support P.” It is controversial whether it is possible or rational to hold such an akratic belief. In this paper, I attempt to explain akratic beliefs in terms of an updated notion of yin and yang in Chinese philosophy. Epistemologists evaluate akratic beliefs as if they are the end of an inquiry or inference. Drawing from the updated notion of yin/yang in which yin is conceived as receptivity and yang is conceived as direct purpose (or impulsion), an akratic belief is shown to be an unstable, intermediate temporal belief state in the middle of the entire process. It is not the end result, rather, it is a transitional episode of an inquiry or inference in progress. Hence, it is the entire process to be evaluated rather than the temporal belief state in the middle of the process. Given this notion of yin/yang, an akratic belief illustrates that an agent is open-minded in the sense that she is receptive to evidence, which motivates her to proceed through further investigation. Ultimately, the socalled akratic beliefs are segments of a diachronic process of belief concatenation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to unravel the underlying resonance between the Daoist Way and the Deleuzian idea of an aleatory point. The Daoist Way is explicated as the zhong dao 中道 or the Middle-Way, viewed in terms of interactivity between such Daoist-seeming polarities as you/wu (determinate/indeterminate) and Yin and Yang. The first part of the paper approaches the Daoist Way in terms of the concept of zhong 中 or the "Middle", to explore the functionality of the Way and to comprehend the Chinese philosophical concept of the Middle, using the Deleuzian lens of the "aleatory point". The "Middle" here is understood as process, change, or flux, whose volatility is not representational or repeatable. It is this irrepresentability that renders the concept of the "Middle" comparable with the Deleuzian notion of aleatory point. The second part of the paper probes the most fundamental paradoxes revolving around the Daoist Middle-Way to unveil the relationship between the Way and Chaos and to deconstruct the traditional misconception of Yin/Yang dynamics as unity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Into the storm: the imbalance in the yin-yang immune response as the commonality of cytokine storm syndromes" published in Frontiers in Immunology discusses the role of cytokine storm syndromes in immune responses. A correction was issued regarding a reference error in the article, which did not affect the scientific conclusions. The study was conducted by researchers from the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. The article is available as an open-access publication under the Creative Commons Attribution License. [Extracted from the article]

The article "Into the storm: the imbalance in the yin-yang immune response as the commonality of cytokine storm syndromes" published in Frontiers in Immunology discusses the concept of cytokine storm syndromes and the immune response imbalance. The authors issued a correction regarding an error in referencing a non-existent figure in the article, clarifying the scientific conclusions remain unchanged. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding hyperinflammation and immune responses in the context of cytokine storm syndromes. [Extracted from the article]

The treatment of nourishing the kidney in menstrual cycle in Shanghai Cai’s gynecology school is an important theoretical method used to regulate menstruation and promote pregnancy. CAI Xiaosun, the seventh-generation heirs of Cai’ s gynecology school and national old Chinese medicine experts academic experience inherit work guiding teacher, believes that the basic pathogenesis of infertility is deficiency of kidney qi and disharmony between the Chong and Ren, combined with the characteristics of women’s menstrual cycle, the annual rhythm, and the principle of nourishing the kidney and regulating menstruation. In the treatment of infertility, we have formed the therapy of nourishing kidney in menstrual cycle, which is characterized by warming the liver and kidney, promoting conception and regulating menstruation, and cultivating vitality. The connotations of nourishing kidney are rooted in the theory of the kidney governing reproduction in Chinese medicine, derived from the theory of the generation and restriction among the five elements, and based on the method of promoting conception and regulating menstruation practiced by several generations of Cai’s gynecologists. The Yushen Tongluo Formula and Yushen Peiyuan Formula created by practitioners of Cai’s gynecology are formulas that seek yin within yang, and seek yang within yin, and they can also be innovatively combined with traditional Chinese medicine external treatment. Combining multiple method for treating infertility yield good clinical effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Picture books are reported as beneficial for children to develop cultural and intercultural awareness. However, little research has examined the ways in which Asian picture books can be interpreted with Asian philosophies. This paper aims to examine perceptions of contemporary Vietnamese artists towards the application of the Taoism Yin–Yang balancing principle, particularly the concepts of Yin, Yang, and Qi in their artworks. Findings from interviews with artists reveal that the Taoism Yin–Yang balancing principle is essential for Vietnamese artists to create visual meanings in their artworks. Our analysis also indicates that Taoism concepts of Yin, Yang, and Qi are applicable to interpret visual meanings of picture books about Vietnam. These findings are significant for teachers to explore visual meanings in Vietnamese picture books specifically and provide researchers with ideas to develop a framework that can account for non-Western meaning-making in images of picture books. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China does not have a unified and consistent ethical understanding. Ethics have to be mostly conceived and applied in personal terms. At the negotiation table, parties bring their own moral principles and values from their cultural background, education, and experience. Justice principles anchored in Chinese moral philosophy clearly take precedence over legal justice principles. For a Chinese negotiator, striking a deal is a process of balancing between two contradictory sets of values: Confucius' notions of rightness, and those of modern distributive (and procedural) justice. Now, distributive justice implies a whole range of criteria, such as rewards according to efforts, merits, and contribution, as well as need. Equality is still not on the Chinese justice agenda. Fairness has to find its own way between guanxi requirements, traditional nepotism, the influence of symbols, propitious numbers, references to ancestors, feng shui, and astrology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Shaoyang dominating bone theory is derived from Huangdi Neijing, but its connotation has been understood differently by successive generations of physicians. Shaoyang dominating bone theory adheres to the holistic concept of Chinese medicine, based on the core theories of yin and yang, qi and blood, and zangxiang and meridians, and is not confined to a single aspect, which is of great value in explaining the etiological factors and pathogenesis of diseases and guiding the diagnosis and treatment of tendon and bone diseases. In this paper, we briefly explain Shaoyang dominating bone theory; we understand the connotation of Shaoyang dominating bone theory from the perspective of meridians, qi and blood, ministerial fire, and syndrome differentiation of six meridians theory. We find that the liver-bone axis in western medicine is not only inspired by Shaoyang dominating bone theory, but also conforms to the objective judgment of the biological relationship between the liver and bone. Therefore, the liver-bone axis may provide a western medical basis for Shaoyang dominating bone theory. The proposed liver-bone axis can enrich and improve the theory of Shaoyang dominating bone and contribute to the research and clinical treatment of orthopedic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth in Earth's global geospatial data necessitates an efficient system for organizing the data, facilitating data fusion from diverse sources, and promoting interoperability. Mapping the spheroidal surface of the planet presents significant challenges as it involves balancing distortion and splitting the surface into multiple partitions. The distortion decreases as the number of partitions increases, but, at the same time, the complexity of data processing increases since each partition represents a separate dataset and is defined in its own local coordinate system. In this paper, we propose the Dual Orthogonal Equidistant Cylindrical projection method to mitigate distortion and reduce the number of partitions. Additionally, we use the rotation of the graticule system on the globe to achieve the oblique aspect, which effectively minimizes average angular and areal distortions of Earth's landmass and reduces the interruption of continental plates caused by partition edges. By incorporating auxiliary latitudes and proposing an approximate authalic latitude, we further enhance the mapping of the ellipsoid onto the sphere, simplifying calculations. The experimental results demonstrate a substantial reduction in distortion and interruption of continental plates. With only two partitions, an average landmass angular distortion of less than 3.56 degrees and an average areal distortion of less than 1.07 were achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human beings cannot function without the categorical (human) mind. The human mind, via cognition, functions in a both-and manner, affording the dynamic exchange between the categories of person and environment. However, the categorical human mind has never been examined dialectically from a Daoist Psychology perspective. While dialectical thinking is universal both in the East and West, little attention has been paid to the categorical human mind from a Daoist yin and yang approach (i.e., opposite but interconnected). We explore the relationship between the human mind and the envirnoment, as informed by a dialectical Daoist yin-yang perspective. Like the Daoist yin and yang, the unfolding of mind and environment can be understood as passive (yin) and, equally as much, as active (yang). The categorical human mind can influence the environment and experience (i.e., active mind), and also may be influenced itself (i.e., passive mind) by the environment or experience. Both the mind and environment operate across active (yang) and passive (yin) processes that are independent yet interconnected forces which mutually arise (like yin and yang). We discuss this dialectical Daoist yin-yang perspective of mind by focusing on categorical cognition and perception, social totemic cognition, stereotyping, and human development. These examples help to illustrate the both-and processes that underlie the categorical human mind, emphasizing the mind as dialectical (i.e., Daoist yin-yang view); that is, independent while also interdependent and interactive, and featuring both active and passive capacities at the same time. The dialectical Daoist yin-yang view teaches us that human categorical mind is dependent on, as well as independent of, the situation and ecological environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term ecotopia draws attention to the etymological link between utopia and ecologism, which emphasizes the importance of maintaining a sustainable relationship with the natural world in the context of an ideal egalitarian society. Literary utopias aim to evoke a longing for a society that differs from the present, playing a crucial role in breaking free from conventional thinking and envisioning alternatives to oppressive social institutions. The concept of green utopias is unthinkable without radical social reforms and changes in culture and lifestyle. Feminist ecotopia proposes a gendered deconstruction and reconstruction of a green utopian society. In her ecotopian novels Always Coming Home and Tehanu, Ursula K. Le Guin explores the relationship between ecologism and utopia. The structure of these novels frequently exhibits an ecotopian sensibility, while their content emphasizes the process of creating a better society. Le Guin's transgressive concept of utopia and ecology seeks to challenge and subvert the ideological frameworks that support materialist and dominant patriarchal conceptions. It provides feminist writers with a distinct space to imagine transgressive and oppositional ecotopian alternatives, where mothering-related myths and femininized characteristics are valued. This paper delves into how Le Guin's utopian novels interrogate and deconstruct powerful patriarchal structures, creating a cultural space for women to imagine transgressive and oppositional ecotopian alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the influence of country and industry on organizational cultural values in a sample of 277 China and 241 U.S. firms using these firms-published value statements. We use an emic-etic, yin-yang approach that allows each culture to inform and define the other which allows identification of indigenous values as well as values shared by both nations. We then analyze the shared values to determine to what extent they are influenced by industry and national environments. Our results indicate that in most cases, national environment has a stronger influence and that indigenous values emerge to provide important cultural insights missed in international business research where the primary focus is on global shared values. We recommend that organizational culture researchers and international managers be more open to understanding the influence of indigenous characteristics on organizational cultures rather than exclusively focusing on universal aspects that can be compared across societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the quantum theory-based physical model of the human body, a new interpretation of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) principle of “Cunkou reads viscera” is presented. Then, a Gaussian pulse wave model as a solution to the Schrodinger equation is shown to accurately describe 19 different pulse shapes, and to quantitatively capture the degree of Yin-Yang attributes of 13 pulse shapes. Furthermore, the model suggests using pulse depth and strength as leading-order quantity and pulse shape as first-order quantity, to characterize the hierarchical resonance between the human body and the environment. The future pulse informatics will focus on determining an individual’s unique quantum human equilibrium state, and diagnose its health state according to the pulse deviation from its equilibrium state, to truly achieve the high level of TCM: “knowing the normal state and reaching the change”.

We present a model of information that integrates two competing perspectives of information by emulating the Chinese philosophy of yin-yang. The model embraces the two key dimensions of information that exist harmoniously: information as (1) objective and veridical representations in the world (information as object) and (2) socially constructed interpretations that are a result of contextual influences (information as subject). We argue that these two facets of information cocreate information as a unified system and complement one another through two processes, which we denote as forming and informing. While the information literature has historically treated these objective and subjective identities of information as incompatible, we argue that they are mutually relevant and that our understanding of one actually enhances our understanding of the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The way the water metaphor is mobilized in Mencius 6A.2 has been interpreted and assessed from a number of perspectives. While several commentators find the analogy developed by Mencius comparing water and human nature intrinsically weak, others see it as partially effective in its use of analogical reasoning or of conceptual metaphors, especially when related to a yin-yang-based cosmology. This contribution develops an alternative perspective: it locates this metaphor in the corpus of references to water found first in the Mencius and second in the works of Chinese antiquity until the early Han period. This survey allows us to highlight three important features: (a) a quasi-sacred status is attached to the aquatic element; (b) water's characteristics are developed according to a narrative model, causing the reader to circulate from one level of reality to another, such that the communication between the heart–mind and Heaven opens up; and (c) finally, as they mobilize a sense of contemplation and wonder, water narratives are meant to be transformative of the disciple's consciousness and behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay will review the earliest case that documents a patient's experience of qi, one found on a bamboo text buried with the patient who died in the 318 BCE. Details of the healing encounter and of concepts of illness show how non-transmitted documents hidden from later editors in tombs preserve an older layer of medical understanding than that in transmitted canons, such as the Huang Di Nei Jing (Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor). The 4th-century BCE case record described below is the longest early medical record concerning the treatment of a specific individual. It is also an account of failure formally recorded for the sake of the survivors and buried with the dead to be transmitted to the world of the spirits. The essay begins with a reevaluation of ancient concept of qi and then moves on to the individual case record. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]