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The regulation of intracellular pyrophosphate (PPi) level is crucial for proper morphogenesis across all taxonomic kingdoms. PPi is released as a byproduct from ~200 metabolic reactions, then hydrolyzed by either membrane-bound (H+-PPase) or soluble pyrophosphatases (PPases). In Arabidopsis, the loss of the vacuolar H+-PPase/FUGU5, a key enzyme in PPi homeostasis, results in delayed growth and a number of developmental defects, pointing to the importance of PPi homeostasis in plant morphogenesis. The Arabidopsis genome encodes several PPases in addition to FUGU5, such as PPsPase1/PECP2, VHP2;1 and VHP2;2, although their significance regarding PPi homeostasis remains elusive. Here, to assess their contribution, phenotypic analyses of cotyledon aspect ratio, palisade tissue cellular phenotypes, adaxial side pavement cell complexity, stomatal distribution, and etiolated seedling length were performed, provided that they were altered due to excess PPi in a fugu5 mutant background. Overall, our analyses revealed that the above five traits were unaffected in ppspase1/pecp2, vhp2;1 and vhp2;2 loss-of-function mutants, as well as in fugu5 mutant lines constitutively overexpressing PPsPase1/PECP2. Furthermore, metabolomics revealed that ppspase1/pecp2, vhp2;1 and vhp2;2 etiolated seedlings exhibited metabolic profiles comparable to the wild type. Together, these results indicate that the contribution of PPsPase1/PECP2, VHP2;1 and VHP2;2 to PPi levels is negligible in comparison to FUGU5 in the early stages of seedling development.

Mobilisation of seed storage reserves is important for seedling establishment in Arabidopsis. In this process, sucrose is synthesised from triacylglycerol via core metabolic processes. Mutants with defects in triacylglycerol-to-sucrose conversion display short etiolated seedlings. We found that whereas sucrose content in the indole-3-butyric acid response 10 (ibr10) mutant was significantly reduced, hypocotyl elongation in the dark was unaffected, questioning the role of IBR10 in this process. To dissect the metabolic complexity behind cell elongation, a quantitative-based phenotypic analysis combined with a multi-platform metabolomics approach was applied. We revealed that triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol breakdown were disrupted in ibr10, resulting in low sugar content and poor photosynthetic ability. Importantly, batch-learning self-organised map clustering revealed that threonine level was correlated with hypocotyl length. Consistently, exogenous threonine supply stimulated hypocotyl elongation, indicating that sucrose levels are not always correlated with etiolated seedling length, suggesting the contribution of amino acids in this process.

Table S1: Genes (mRNAs) studied in the embryonic axis of soybean seeds during germination sensu stricto and primers used for real-time PCR reactions. Figure S1: Regulatory canonical correlation (RCC) from the Bootstrap 10,000 of gene expression at 6 and 10h during germination sensu stricto and vigor properties.

Table S1: Genes (mRNAs) studied in the embryonic axis of soybean seeds during germination sensu stricto and primers used for real-time PCR reactions. Figure S1: Regulatory canonical correlation (RCC) from the Bootstrap 10,000 of gene expression at 6 and 10h during germination sensu stricto and vigor properties.

Anemia brunnea, a new and endemic species of A. subg. Anemia, is described, discussed, and illustrated. A key to distinguish the most similar morphological species is also presented.

Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium (Hymenophyllaceae) is represented by ca. 35 epiphytic species. Past reports suggest that Hymenophyllum polyanthos (Sw.) Sw., a pantropical species, does not represent a monophyletic grouping as it is recognized today. This research focuses on the H. polyanthos species complex, while comparing it to other species of subg. Mecodium using molecular and morphological traits. Here, chloroplast gene sequences of the atpB, atpB–rbcL–accD, rps4–trnS, and matK regions of 132 samples are compared under phylogenetic analyses and the resulting trees are discussed according to distributional and morphological differences. As a result, two big clades can be observed within Mecodium: one represented by plants distributed through Malesia, Australia, Pacific islands, Indian Ocean, and southern South America, and the other represented by plants occurring in Central and South America, Africa, and Asia. Hymenophyllum polyanthos samples appear interspersed in the phylogeny, evidencing its polyphyletic status. Main lineages identified here as H. polyanthos include: (1) plants from the Neotropics, closely related to species like H. myriocarpum Hook. and H. undulatum Sw., and probably representative of the type lineage for the species; (2) several independent lineages within the Asian samples; and (3) two distinct lineages distributed from Malesia and Pacific regions to South and Central America. The combination of distributional patterns and a morphological analysis of seven leaf traits suggests that these lineages are mostly sympatric and show a morphological variation that overlaps with each other.

We present a precise measurement of the cross section, proton and $\rm ^3He$ analyzing powers, and spin correlation coefficient $C_{y,y}$ for $p$-$\rm ^3He$ elastic scattering near 65 MeV, and a comparison with rigorous four-nucleon scattering calculations based on realistic nuclear potentials and a model with $\Delta$-isobar excitation. Clear discrepancies are seen in some of the measured observables in the regime around the cross section minimum. Theoretical predictions using scaling relations between the calculated cross section and the $\rm ^3 He$ binding energy are not successful in reproducing the data. Large sensitivity to the $NN$ potentials and rather small $\Delta$-isobar effects in the calculated cross section are noticed as different features from those in the deuteron-proton elastic scattering. The results obtained above indicate that $p$-$\rm ^3He$ scattering at intermediate energies is an excellent tool to explore nuclear interactions not accessible by three-nucleon scattering., Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures

Small integration timesteps for a small fraction of the particles become a bottleneck for future galaxy simulations with a higher resolution, especially for massively parallel computing. As we increase the resolution, we must resolve physics on a smaller timescale while the total integration time is fixed as the universe age. The small timesteps for a small fraction of the particles worsen the scalability. More specifically, the regions affected by supernovae (SN) have the smallest timestep in the whole galaxy. Using a Hamiltonian splitting method, we calculate the SN regions with small timesteps using a few thousand CPU cores but integrate the entire galaxy using a shared timestep. For this approach, we need to pick up particles in regions, which will be affected by SN (the target particles) by the next global step (the integration timestep for the entire galaxy) in advance. In this work, we developed the deep learning model to predict the region where the shell due to a supernova explosion expands during one global step. In addition, we identify the target particles using image processing of the density distribution predicted by our deep learning model. Our algorithm could identify the target particles better than the method based on the analytical solution. This particle selection method using deep learning and the Hamiltonian splitting method will improve the performance of galaxy simulations with extremely high resolution.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T12:38:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:24:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1676-06032020000400801.pdf: 58468644 bytes, checksum: c2d1c23042aed71ee77e2a61255991f7 (MD5) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Instituto de Botanica (IBt) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Adiantum is a Pantropical genus of ferns, monophyletic, and has about 225 species. It can be recognized by the indusia with veins, bearing sporangia directly on the underside of its reflexed tissue. About 110 species occur in the Neotropical region and 65 of them are reported to Brazil. Among them, 64 are native species and occur mainly in the Amazon Rainforest, Caatinga, Central Brazilian Savanna, and in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Among the species that occur in Brazil, 16 are endemic and they represent 25% of the total. This paper presents a key to identify the 63 native species of Adiantum in Brazil, excluding the hybrid one. Illustrations of some morphological features, as well as of all species are also presented to help in the process of identification. Inst Bot, Herbario SP, CP 68041, BR-04045972 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias Letras & Ciencias Exatas, Dept Zool & Bot, Rua Cristovao Colombo 2265, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias Letras & Ciencias Exatas, Dept Zool & Bot, Rua Cristovao Colombo 2265, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil CNPq: 300843/1993-3 CNPq: 303875/2016-0 FAPESP: 2011/07164-3

We describe, discuss, and illustrate four new species of the fern genus Adiantum (Pteridaceae): one from Guyana (A. cremersii Boudrie & J. Prado) and two from French Guiana (A. granvilleanum Boudrie & J. Prado and A. latipinnulum Boudrie & J. Prado), and A. rivularis Boudrie & J. Prado that occurs in Guyana and French Guiana. The typification and application of the name A. oyapokense Jenman are also discussed.

Metabolite composition and concentrations in seed grains are important traits of cereals. To identify the variation in the seed metabolotypes of a model grass, namely Brachypodium distachyon, we applied a widely targeted metabolome analysis to forty inbred lines of B. distachyon and examined the accumulation patterns of 183 compounds in the seeds. By comparing the metabolotypes with the population structure of these lines, we found signature metabolites that represent different accumulation patterns for each of the three B. distachyon subpopulations. Moreover, we found that thirty-seven metabolites exhibited significant differences in their accumulation between the lines Bd21 and Bd3-1. Using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from a cross between Bd3-1 and Bd21, we identified the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked with this variation in the accumulation of thirteen metabolites. Our metabolite QTL analysis illustrated that different genetic factors may presumably regulate the accumulation of 4-pyridoxate and pyridoxamine in vitamin B6 metabolism. Moreover, we found two QTLs on chromosomes 1 and 4 that affect the accumulation of an anthocyanin, chrysanthemin. These QTLs genetically interacted to regulate the accumulation of this compound. This study demonstrates the potential for metabolite QTL mapping in B. distachyon and provides new insights into the genetic dissection of metabolomic traits in temperate grasses.

We present a precise measurement of the cross section, proton and 3He analyzing powers, and spin correlation coefficient Cy,y for the p-3He elastic scattering near 65 MeV, and comparison with rigorous four-nucleon scattering calculations based on realistic nuclear potentials and a model with Δ-isobar excitation. Clear discrepancies are seen in some of the measured observables in the regime around the cross section minimum. Theoretical predictions using scaling relations between the calculated cross section and the 3He binding energy are not successful in reproducing the data. Large sensitivity to the NN potentials and rather small Δ-isobar effects in the calculated cross section are noticed as different features from those in the deuteron-proton elastic scattering. The results obtained above indicate that p-3He scattering at intermediate energies is an excellent tool to explore the nuclear interactions not accessible by the three-nucleon scattering.

The spin-isospin responses of the 11Li drip-line nucleus has been measured. Preliminary results of the 11Li(p, n)11Be experiment in inverse kinematics at RI Beam Factory (RIBF) of RIKEN Nishina Center are presented including the observation of 1n, 2n, t, d, 2α and 6He+α decay channels of 11Be reaction product. Details of the experimental setup based on PANDORA (Particle Analyzer Neutron Detector Of Real-time Acquisition) low-energy neutron detector and the SAMURAI large-acceptance magnetic spectrometer are described.

We typify and clarify the nomenclature and identity of three species originally described in the fern genus Pellaea. We find Pellaea bongardiana to be illegitimate and recognize it as a synonym of Ormopteris riedelii (= P. riedelii). We also consider Pellaea brasiliensis to be a synonym of O. riedelii. The phylogenetic position of Pellaea flavescens, recently combined in Ormopteris (as O. flavescens), is discussed, and a key to all species of Ormopteris in Brazil is provided.

L-serine is an important molecule in all living organisms, and thus its biosynthesis is considered to be regulated according to demand. 3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PGDH), the first committed enzyme of the phosphorylated pathway of L-serine biosynthesis, is regulated by negative feedback from L-serine in bacteria. In the case of the vascular plant Arabidopsis thaliana, two PGDH isozymes out of three are inhibited by L-serine and activated by L-alanine, L-valine, L-methionine, L-homoserine, and L-homocysteine, suggesting a more complicated regulatory mechanism of L-serine biosynthesis in A. thaliana than in bacteria. However, it remains to be clarified whether the activation mechanism of PGDH by amino acids is conserved in land plants. In this study, we identified the sole isozyme of PGDH in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha (MpPGDH) and elucidated its biochemical characteristics. MpPGDH cDNA encodes a 65.6 kDa protein that contains a putative transit peptide for chloroplast localization. MpPGDH shares 75–80% identity with A. thaliana isozymes and forms a homotetramer in vitro. Recombinant MpPGDH exhibited an optimal pH of 9.0, apparent Michaelis constants of 0.49 ± 0.04 and 0.096 ± 0.010 mM for 3-PGA and NAD⁺, respectively, and apparent maximum velocity of 5.65 ± 0.10 μmol⋅min⁻¹⋅mg⁻¹, similar to those of A. thaliana isozymes. Phosphate ions were found to stabilize MpPGDH, suggesting that phosphate ions are also a crucial factor in the regulation of serine biosynthesis via the phosphorylated pathway in Marchantia polymorpha. MpPGDH was inhibited by L-serine in a cooperative manner and was activated by L-alanine, L-valine, L-methionine, L-homoserine, and L-homocysteine to a lesser extent than it is in A. thaliana. The results suggest that an ancestral PGDH of land plants was inhibited by L-serine and slightly activated by five other amino acids.

The efficient construction method of mild hybrid is to minimize the mechanical loss by directly connecting the engine and the assist motor. The shape of the motor to be directly connected to the engine output shaft has a flat structure with a diameter of 250 to 300 mm and an axial length of 60 to 90 mm, and various multipolar PM motors have been proposed in order to obtain high output and high power generation. As a slot pole combination, it is known that a combination of 8–9 is good, but it was said to be impractical due to the problem of magnetic imbalance due to eccentricity. For large diameter motors, it is possible to combine 16–18 times, which is considered an effective combination. In this paper, we propose an IPM motor with 16 – 18 - combination for mild hybrid considering performance and low vibration during startup and power generation. The usefulness of 16 poles and 18 slots combination and the cogging torque torque ripple reduction structure were clarified by finite element analysis.

International audience

This paper provides keys, illustrations, short descriptions, and voucher specimen citations for the ferns and lycophytes of Acre, Brazil. We recognize a total of 212 species in 66 genera and 28 families. Of these, the lycophytes are represented by 14 species, 4 genera, and 2 families, and the ferns by 8 varieties, 1 subspecies, 198 species, 62 genera, and 26 families. The total represents an increase of 22 species and two varieties compared to a checklist published in 2009. The six most species-rich genera are Adiantum (21 spp.), Asplenium (14), Selaginella (12), Trichomanes (11), Lindsaea, and Microgramma (9 each). None of the species treated here are endemic to Acre. A new combination is made for Meniscium chrysodioides Fée var. goyazense.

Resumo Nesta nota científica estão sendo apresentadas e discutidas as principais modificações que serão introduzidas no Código de Shenzhen, que deverá ser publicado em 2018, aprovadas durante a Sessão de Nomenclatura do XIX Congresso Internacional de Botânica realizado na China, em julho de 2017. Dentre as modificações mais importantes destacam-se: a inclusão de uma Nota que esclarece lectotipificações inadvertidas, foi aprovado o conceito de registro de novos nomes de algas e plantas, a criação de um capítulo específico para as regras restritas aos fungos, modificações na Divisão III do Código com a inclusão dos procedimentos adotados durante a Sessão de Nomenclatura, inclusão do Apêndice I (Artigos que tratam de nomes de organismos híbridos) no corpo do Código, dentre outras. Abstract In this short communication are being presented and discussed the main changes that will be implemented in the Shenzhen Code, that will be published in 2018, approved during the Nomenclature Section of the XIX International Botanical Congress held in China, in July 2017. Among the most important modifications are the inclusion of a Note that clarifies inadvertent lectotypifications, it was approved the concept of registration of new names of algae and plants, the creation of a specific chapter for the rules restricted to fungi, modifications in Division III of the Code with the inclusion of procedures adopted during the Nomenclature Section, inclusion of the Appendix I (Articles dealing with names of hybrid organisms) in the body of the Code, among others.

Adiantum alan-smithii (Pteridaceae) is described from Chiapas, Mexico. It is similar to A. raddianum, and previously identified as such, however it can be distinguished by its yellow-farinose indusia, the proximal acroscopic pinnule of each pinna usually overlapping the main rachis, flabellate segments, and rachises that are weakly flexuose distally. In contrast, A. raddianum has non-farinose indusia, the proximal pinnule of each pinna does not overlap the main rachis, and segments are obovate to rhomboid. The new species is described, illustrated, and a key to species of the A. raddianum group in Mexico is provided. This contribution adds an additional endemic species of Adiantum to the flora of Mexico, and is part of our ongoing effort to improve the circumscription of A. raddianum, one of the most over-applied names in the Neotropical fern flora.

A retrospective analysis was undertaken from 2000 to 2010 to show the risk factors associated with death within 30 days in patients with C. parapsilosis candidaemia (CPC). Fifty-one cases of nosocomial CPC were included in the analysis. All isolates from blood cultures were susceptible to micafungin and fluconazole. The overall mortality rate was 23.5%, and the most severe complications were endocarditis (5.9%) and endophthalmitis (5.9%). On multi-variate analysis, APACHE II score >25 (odds ratio 43.9) and retained cardiovascular prosthetic materials (RCPM) (prosthetic valve or graft) (odds ratio 14.6) were found to be risk factors associated with death. Prompt surgical removal should be considered in CPC patients with RCPM.

As recently demonstrated, the group of Adiantum raddianum is monophyletic and can be recognized by round-reniform indusia and veins ending in sinuses at the sterile segment margins. The most related species belong to the A. poiretii group, which is morphologically distinct by the oblong to lunate indusia. In the A. raddianum group sixteen species are recognized in the present work. Among these species, A. patens s.l. is the unique species that occurs in Africa outside the neotropical region. Adiantum raddianum is the broadest distributed species of the group, widely cultivated globally, and it has become naturalized in the Paleotropics and other regions. Typifications are presented for two accepted names: A. lorentzii and A. ruizianum. Several other typifications are also presented for synonymized species. Adiantum alan-smithii, A. galeottianum, A. imbricatum, A. lobatum, A. ruizianum, A. shepherdii and A. subvolubile are species with restricted distributions occurring only in one or two countries. An identification key, as well as descriptions, synonymies, discussion on morphology and taxonomy, illustrations and a list of specimens examined are provided.Citation: Hirai R. Y. & Prado J. 2019: Neotropical species of the Adiantum raddianum group (Pteridaceae). – Willdenowia 49: 295–317. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49302Version of record first published online on 26 November 2019 ahead of inclusion in December 2019 issue.

We present a taxonomic revision of Cyathea, clade Hymenophyllopsis, a monophyletic group restricted to the tepuis of the Guiana Shield, a region in northern South America. We recognize fifteen species, including four newly described here: C. indefinita, C. minima, C. pseudoctenitoides, and C. tatei. The main diagnostic characters for the species are: rhizome (symmetry and scales), lamina division (pinnatisect to 5-pinnate), pinnae (congested or sparse, recurverd to ascending), scales and/or hairs of the rachis (shape, size, margins), as well as the shape and margin of the indusium (bivalvate or cyatheoid, entire to deeply lacerate). An identification key, descriptions, taxonomic comments, illustrations, and geographical distribution maps for all recognized taxa are provided.

Adiantum lindsaeoides (Pteridaceae) is a new fern species from the Atlantic Rain Forest, on the coast of Brazil. It can be recognized by the nodose rhizomes, stipes approximate, dense indument of short hairs on both sides of the stipes and rachises, plus scattered, slightly tortuous, filiform scales, and by its median segments conspicuously falcate, and dimidiate that resemble the segments of a Lindsaea. The most similar species to A. lindsaeoides is A. mynsseniae that differs by having rhizomes not nodose, stipes apart, stipes and rachises glabrous abaxially, and segment apices long-acuminate to acute (vs. round in A. lindsaeoides). So far, A. lindsaeoides is only known from Bahia and Espirito Santo States. The new species is described and illustrated, and, a key to the most similar morphological species is given.

A phylogenetic analysis of plastid rbcL sequences indicates that Pellaea flavescens from Brazil is nested within the Old World species Pellaea viridis. The morphology of these two species is similar and P. flavescens is here considered to be a synonym of the older P. viridis. This fern may have been introduced to and subsequently naturalized in Brazil or, alternatively, the natural result of long distance dispersal.

RESUMO Neste trabalho são apresentados os dados referentes ao levantamento florístico da família Thelypteridaceae no Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI). A família está representada na área por dois gêneros (Macrothelypteris e Thelypteris), três subgêneros (Amauropelta, Cyclosorus eSteiropteris), 10 espécies e uma variedade.Macrothelypteris está representada por M. torresiana (Gaudich.) Ching e Thelypteris por uma variedade do subgênero Steiropteris: T. decussata (L.) Proctor var. brasiliensis (C. Chr.) A.R. Sm.; três espécies do subgênero Cyclosorus: T. conspersa (Schrad.) A.R. Sm., T. dentata (Decne.) C.F. Reed e T. patens (Sw.) Small; seis espécies do subgêneroAmauropelta: T. amambayensis (Christ) Ponce, T. pachyrhachis (Kunze ex Mett.) Ching,T. raddii (Rosenst.) Ponce, T. regnelliana(C. Chr.) Ponce, T. retusa (Sw.) C.F. Reed e T. rivularioides (Fée) Abbiatti. São apresentadas chaves para identificação dos gêneros e espécies, bem como descrições, distribuição geográfica, comentários e ilustrações para algumas espécies estudadas. Além disso, também é apresentada uma lista atualizada de todos os táxons de samambaias e licófitas registrados para a área do Parque. ABSTRACT In this paper we present the data of the floristic survey of the family Thelypteridaceae from the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI). The family is represented in the area by two genera (Macrothelypteris and Thelypteris), three subgenera (Amauropelta, Cyclosorus, andSteiropteris), 10 species, and one variety.Macrothelypteris is represented by M. torresiana (Gaudich.) Ching and Thelypteris by one variety of the subgenus Steiropteris: T. decussata (L.) Proctor var. brasiliensis (C. Chr.) A.R. Sm.; three species of subgenus Cyclosorus: T. conspersa (Schrad.) A.R. Sm., T. dentata (Decne.) C.F. Reed, and T. patens (Sw.) Small; six species of subgenusAmauropelta: T. amambayensis (Christ) Ponce, T. pachyrhachis (Kunze ex Mett.) Ching,T. raddii (Rosenst.) Ponce, T. regnelliana(C. Chr.) Ponce, T. retusa (Sw.) C.F. Reed, and T. rivularioides (Fée) Abbiatti. Identification keys for genera and species, as well as descriptions, geographical distribution, comments, and illustrations for some species are presented. Additionally, an updated list of all taxa of ferns and lycophytes recorded in the Park is also presented.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the reproducibility of the cytological diagnosis of endometrial lesions by the Osaki Study Group (OSG) method of new cytological diagnostic criteria using BD SurePathThis cytological classification using the OSG method consists of six categories: (i) normal endometrium (NE), (ii) endometrial glandular and stromal breakdown (EGBD), (iii) atypical endometrial cells, cannot exclude atypical endometrial hyperplasia or more (ATEC-A), (iv) adenocarcinoma including atypical endometrial hyperplasia or malignant tumour (Malignancy), (v) endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (EH) and (vi) atypical endometrial cells of undetermined significance (ATEC-US). For this study, a total 244 endometrial samplings were classified by two academic cytopathologists as follows: 147 NE cases , 36 EGBD cases , 47 Malignant cases, eight ATEC-A cases, two EH cases and four ATEC-US cases. To confirm the reproducibility of the diagnosis and to study the inter- and intra-observer agreement further, a second review round followed at 3-month intervals, which included three additional cytopathologists.The inter-observer agreement of NE classes improved progressively from 'good to fair' to 'excellent', with values increasing from 0.70 to 0.81. Both EGBD and Malignancy classes improved progressively from 'good to fair' to 'excellent', with values increasing from 0.62-0.63 to 0.84-0.95, respectively. The overall intra-observer agreement between the first and the second rounds was 'good to fair' to 'excellent', with values changing from 0.79 to 0.85. All kappa improvements were significant (P0.0001).In this study, it seemed that the use of the OSG method as the new diagnostic criteria for SP-LBC preparation, may be a valid method to improve the precision (reproducibility) of endometrial cytology.

O presente checklist usou como base a lista de licófitas e samambaias do estado de São Paulo, extraída do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil publicado em 2010, pelo Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ). Aqui é apresentada uma atualização desta lista e algumas novidades melhoraram a lista básica. O número total de táxons para o estado, incluindo ambos os grupos de plantas, aumentou de 561 para 573. Dois novos registros de ocorrência foram recentemente registrados para o estado e foram incorporados no presente checklist (Pellaea flavescens Fée e P. ovata (Desv.) Weath.). Esses dados sugerem que mais estudos são necessários para o conhecimento da diversidade no estado.

This paper presents the results of the 4th International Comparison of in vitro electron paramagnetic resonance dosimetry with tooth enamel, where the performance parameters of tooth enamel dosimetry methods were compared among sixteen laboratories from all over the world. The participating laboratories were asked to determine a calibration curve with a set of tooth enamel powder samples provided by the organizers. Nine molar teeth extracted following medical indication from German donors and collected between 1997 and 2007 were prepared and irradiated at the Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen. Five out of six samples were irradiated at 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 Gy air kerma; and one unirradiated sample was kept as control. The doses delivered to the individual samples were unknown to the participants, who were asked to measure each sample nine times, and to report the EPR signal response, the mass of aliquots measured, and the parameters of EPR signal acquisition and signal evaluation. Critical dose and detection limit were calculated by the organizers on the basis of the calibration-curve parameters obtained at every laboratory. For calibration curves obtained by measuring every calibration sample three times, the mean value of the detection limit was 205 mGy, ranging from 56 to 649 mGy. The participants were also invited to provide the signal response and the nominal dose of their current dose calibration curve (wherever available), the critical dose and detection limit of which were also calculated by the organizers.

Moranopteris, a new genus of grammitid ferns here described, is segregated from Micropolypodium on the basis of molecular phylogenetic analyses (plastid sequences including atpB, rbcL, and trnL-trnF) and morphological characters. Bayesian and maximum parsimony analyses support Moranopteris as sister clade to a group that includes Micropolypodium s.str. and 11 or 12 other genera, mostly from the Old World. A morphological synapomorphy for the species of Moranopteris is the presence of minute and slightly catenate branched hairs (with or without a setiform branch) and sometimes unbranched hairs occurring together on the stipes, costae, and laminar tissues abaxially. In contrast, Micropolypodium s.str. has only minute, catenate, and unbranched hairs borne on the same parts of the leaves. The new genus Moranopteris comprises 28 spe- cies—including two new species here described, M. rupicola and M. simplex—and one hybrid, occurring in the Neotropics. The 27 necessary new combinations are here proposed. Our results suggest that Micropolypodium is confined to eastern Asia.

Very narrow SiO"2 line patterns with extremely high aspect ratio are fabricated on a silicon wafer by new edge lithography process. The simple process without chemical vapor deposition process is developed. The Si step etching is carried out by F radical dominant etching by reducing the loading effect. The straight line of 25nm width and 700nm height is fabricated. The circular line with 40nm width and 400nm height is also fabricated. The aspect ratios for the straight and circular lines are 28 and 10, respectively. In order to the fabricate imprint mold, the fabricated narrow lines are replicated to a nickel by the electro forming. The nickel replica with 40nm cavity width is successfully fabricated.