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BACKGROUND: Neck-shoulder and arm musculoskeletal disorders in smartphone use have attracted increasing attention. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the effect of different lying postures and task types by comparing the electrooculography (EOG) responses, perceived discomfort, and the activity of neck-shoulder and arm muscles while using a smartphone on the bed. METHODS: Twenty participants were recruited to perform 30-min tasks (texting/ watching video) while holding the smartphone in three different lying postures (half-lying/lying/side-lying). Subjective discomfort, muscular activities including the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), upper trapezius (UT), and extensor carpi radialis (ECR), and EOG signals were simultaneously monitored. RESULTS: The results showed that the perceived discomfort of measured body parts increased significantly over time in all postures. Watching video significantly increases muscle activities of APB and UT and decreases blink frequency and blink duration. Compared to lying or half-lying, the side-lying posture has the highest blink frequency, blink duration, and muscle activities in ECR and UT. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicate that side-lying posture should be avoided while using a smartphone on the bed. It provides an understanding of the association between the postures of using smartphones on the bed and fatigue, which can help prevent muscle and visual fatigue in smartphone use.

Background Approximately 20% of MM patients harbor glucocorticoid (GC) resistance and are not responsive to therapeutic effect. Chaperoneheat-shock proteins Hsp90 is needed for ligand docking, The imbalance of Hsp90/GRα (glucocorticoid receptor α) may be an important cause of GC resistance. Recent studies have indicated that EPA could repress cancer cell growth by regulating critical influential factors in progression of cancer, consisting of resistance to drugs, chemosensitivity. The aim of the present study was to test the cytotoxic effects of EPA alone or EPA + Dexamethasone in dexamethasone-resistant MM cell (MM.1R) and investigate whether DHA can induce apoptosis and reverse acquired glucocorticoid resistance in dexamethasone-resistant MM cell (MM.1R). Methods Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the proliferation of MM.1R cells after treating with EPA alone and EPA combined with DEX. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by flow cytometry and GRα and Hsp90 protein expression were assessed by western blot analysis. Results EPA alone was able to inhibit cell proliferation as evidenced by CCK-8 assay and the tumor growth was remarkably suppressed by EPA + Dexamethasone, Cell apoptosis after EPA treatment was obviously observed by Flow cytometry analysis of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Analysis of Hsp90 and GRα proteins in MM.1R cells incubated with EPA revealed down-regulation of Hsp90 and up-regulation of GRα. Accordingly, the Hsp90/GRα ratio was significantly decreased with the increase of EPA concentration. Conclusions EPA might be used as a new effective treatment for reversal of glucocorticoid-resistance in multiple myeloma.

Migration of soil pollutants can cause groundwater pollution, which is dominated by the soil adsorption of pollutants. Heavy metals and fluoroquinolone antibiotics exist in the soil and form compound pollution, with different adsorption behaviors in the soil. It may make the levofloxacin (LVFX) migration and potential risk of LVFX to groundwater change. Therefore, this research on Zinc (Zn/Zn

The sporting diplomacy in China, as an integral part of China’s overall diplomacy, unswervingly upholds the fundamental foreign policy goal of preserving world peace and promoting common development since New China was founded. After adopting the policy of reform and opening, the sporting diplomacy in China has made historical achievements through intensive participation in international sporting competitions, extensive involvement in international sporting organizations, active hosting of mega sports events, and frequent engagement in cultural sporting exchanges with other countries. In the last decade, with a constant increase in China’s economy, cultural soft power and international influence of sports, China makes an all-round effort in the pursuit of major countrywide sporting diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. Currently, despite the severe challenges outside China, Beijing is making smooth preparations for the 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, which embraces another milestone in the diplomacy of sport in China. This paper analyzes decision environments, goals, actions and defining features of China’s sporting diplomacy in different periods and follows on to summarize practical experiences in the development of the sporting diplomacy in China. The paper shows that the resounding success of China’s sporting diplomacy can be attributed to its commitment to serving the country’s diplomatic strategy and core interests, its commitment to following the Chinese path of sporting diplomacy, and its commitment to the traditional Chinese value of peaceful development. Finally, emerging issues and promotion strategies are presented.

Ornithoica aequisenta Maa 1966 (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) is recorded for the first time from a rodent from China. An updated checklist of louse flies including 21 genera and 52 species of Hippoboscoidea (Hippoboscidae, Nycteribiidae, and Streblidae) is presented for mainland China and Taiwan, including collection records and host species.

In an era of mobile Internet, the using of mobile interfaces is ineluctable in our daily life. To some extent, the first impression of the mobile user interfaces determines users’ downloading and u...

BackgroundApproximately 20% of MM patients harbor glucocorticoid(GC) resistance and are not responsive to therapeutic effect. Chaperoneheat-shock proteins Hsp90 is needed for ligand docking, The imbalance of Hsp90/GRα(glucocorticoid receptor α) may be an important cause of GC resistance. Recent studies have indicated that EPA could repress cancer cell growth by regulating critical influential factors in progression of cancer, consisting of resistance to drugs, chemosensitivity. The aim of the present study was to test the cytotoxic effects of EPA alone or EPA+Dexamethasone in dexamethasone-resistant MM cell(MM.1R) and investigate whether DHA can induce apoptosis and reverse acquired glucocorticoid resistance in dexamethasone-resistant MM cell(MM.1R).MethodsCell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the proliferation of MM.1R cells after treating with EPA alone and EPA combined with DEX. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by flow cytometry and GRα and Hsp90 protein expression were assessed by western blot analysis.ResultsEPA alone was able to inhibit cell proliferation as evidenced by CCK-8 assay and the tumor growth was remarkably suppressed by EPA+Dexamethasone, Cell apoptosis after EPA treatment was obviously observed by Flow cytometry analysis of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Analysis of Hsp90 and GRα proteins in MM.1R cells incubated with EPA revealed down-regulation of Hsp90 and up-regulation of GRα. Accordingly, the Hsp90/GRα ratio was significantly decreased with the increase of EPA concentration. ConclusionsEPA might be used as a new effective treatment for reversal of glucocorticoid-resistance in multiple myeloma.

The establishment and promotion of professional development centers at higher education institutions (HEIs) play a significant role in building and supporting faculty teaching and research capacity...

The product appearance plays an important role in users’ purchase decision, while the emotions elicited by the product appearance are subtle, low intensity and not easy to obtain. Event-related potentials (ERPs) can reflect people’s psychological activities and effectively identify the characteristics of brain’s affective process. In the present study, the affective preference measurement of humidifier appearance was conducted based on the theory of affective design and event-related potentials. Firstly, the collected humidifier pictures were screened to be the experimental stimuli through multidimensional scaling analysis and cluster analysis. During the affective preference measurement experiment, the participants were asked to judge the affective preference level (liked vs. neutral vs. disliked) of humidifier pictures with the mouse button clicking (left, middle, right), and the electroencephalograph signals were recorded at the same time. ERPs results showed that the frontal and central N1 and frontal, frontal–central and central late positive potential can be taken as the indexes to measure participants’ affective preference of humidifier appearance. In conclusion, the participants’ affective preference level of humidifier appearance can be measured by ERPs. The experiment results can be used to guide product design, by measuring the brain activities of different prototypes at the phase of product development we can roughly infer which one is the user preferred or not preferred.

Additional file 1. Supplementary material 1: The PACF plots and residual deviation plots of two individual models. Supplementary material 2: The results of cross correlation function

Automotive simultaneous engineering (SE) plays an important role in the whole cycle of automobile product development, shortening the product development greatly and reducing the cost. As a basic discipline, the major of material has provided technical support in the work of stamping simultaneous engineering and promoted the development of stamping SE. This paper introduces the characteristics of stamping SE and the role which is played by material engineers in various stages of stamping SE. Also, the paper introduces the emphasis on knowledge accumulation, the establishment of material database, material lightweight proposal, and material cost reduction proposal, etc.

In this chapter, the authors provide a historical overview of the development of comparative and international education in North America from 1920s to the beginning of the twenty-first century. The authors document the significant role some of the most influential leaders played to help lay the foundation for comparative education societies in Canada, Cuba, Haiti, Mexico, and the United States. Using historical comparative research technique, the authors examine the many interconnections of current and past leaders. The authors conclude with recommendations on how knowing the history can help strengthen comparative and international education development well into the future.