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During revision of the genus Microphysogobio Mori, 1934, we discovered a new species of Huigobio from the Yangtze River Basin in China. The new species, named Huigobio heterocheilus sp. nov., can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: medial pad on lower lip not visible; ventral region scaleless before pelvic-fin insertion; lateral-line scales 39–40; caudal peduncle depth 49.2%–59.1% of length; barbel length 6.6%–10.7% of head length; black blotch between anterior margin of eye and upper lip. Using the K2P model and cytochrome b (cyt b) sequences, interspecific genetic distances between the new species and Huigobio exilicauda Jiang & Zhang, 2013 and Huigobio chenhsienensis Fang, 1938 were 13.2% and 15.1%, respectively. The new species is known from the upper reaches of the Xiangjiang River in the middle Yangtze River Basin. A diagnostic key for species of Huigobio Fang, 1938 is provided.

The purpose of this study was to examine stakeholders’ perspectives on implementing “internationalization at home” for international education sustainability in China in the post-epidemic era. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 (12 male and 14 female) participants to explore their opinions on the challenges of and strategies for the implementation of “internationalization at home” in higher education institutions. It was found that an institutional international curriculum mechanism construction is needed. The cross-cultural teaching capacity of faculty members needs to be promoted. Funding resources and organizational guarantees need to be provided. International campus environments and cultures need to be built. The discussion and conclusions are provided in the last section.

A simple and sensitive method using in vivo microdialysis coupled with UPLC-MS/MS was established to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of Shuang Hu tincture (SHZTN). Xevo TQ-S was used to analyze the active ingredients of mesaconitine, hypaconitine, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, ferulic acid and N-(2, 3-dimethyl phenyl)-2- aminobenzoic acid of SHZTN. Samples were prepared using a methanol precipitation method and the internal standards lannaconitine and p-hydroxybenzoic acid were added. The method validation was conducted according to the guidelines of the Pharmacopoeia of China. A good linear range was obtained in the range of 1-2,000 ng/ml. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 14.7%, and the accuracy range of all the analytes was -10.5-9.3%. The recovery of each analyte was over 95.5%, and matrix effects can be neglected. After a single dose of 20 mg/kg SHZTN, the area under the curve and peak concentration of the five active ingredients were significantly increased by transdermal compared with oral administration, which indicated the high bioavailability of SHZTN. The time to peak concentration of all compounds was3.4 h, and the half-life was15.4 h, which indicated that the five compounds have the best absorption and rapid elimination. The method was successfully developed and applied to the pharmacokinetic study of SHZTN.

Glove-based wearable sensors can offer the potential ability to a fast and on-site environmental threat assessment, which is crucial for timely and informed incident management. In this study, an on-demand surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) array sensor has been patterned on fire-retardant fibre gloves

The genus Maytenus is a member of the Celastraceae family, of which several species have long been used in traditional medicine. Between 1976 and 2021, nearly 270 new compounds have been isolated and elucidated from the genus Maytenus. Among these, maytansine and its homologues are extremely rare in nature. Owing to its unique skeleton and remarkable bioactivities, maytansine has attracted many synthetic endeavors in order to construct its core structure. In this paper, the current status of the past 45 years of research on Maytenus, with respect to its chemical and biological activities are discussed. The chemical research includes its structural classification into triterpenoids, sesquiterpenes and alkaloids, along with several chemical synthesis methods of maytansine or maytansine fragments. The biological activity research includes activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as HIV inhibition, which can provide a theoretical basis for the better development and utilization of the Maytenus.

Nonspecific binding and weak spectral discernment are the main challenges for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection, especially in real sample analysis. Herein, molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based core-shell AuNP@polydopamine (AuNP@PDA-MIP) nanoparticles (NPs) are designed and immobilized on an electrochemically reduced MoS2-modified screen-printed electrode (SPE). This portable electrochemical-Raman interface offers the dual functions of electrokinetic preseparation (EP) and MIP trapping of charged molecules so that a reliable SERS recognition with molecular selectivity and high sensitivity can be achieved. Core-shell AuNP@PDA-MIP NPs can be controllably synthesized, possess predesigned specific recognition, and provide "hot spots" at the junction of NPs. The introduction of an electric field enables the autonomous exclusion and separation of similarly charged molecules as well as attraction and concentration of the oppositely charged molecules by electrostatic attraction. Subsequently, the specific MIP recognition cavities allow selective adsorption of targets on the interface without the interference of analogues. Owing to the distinctive design of the multiple coupling separation, trapping, and enrichment strategies, the MIP-based SERS-active interface can be used for label-free detection of charged molecules in real samples without pretreatment. As a proof-of-concept study, label-free SERS detection of charged phthalate plasticizers (PAEs) was demonstrated with a detection limit as low as 2.7 × 10-12 M for dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and 2.3 × 10-11 M for di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). This sensing strategy for in situ SERS analysis of charged pollutants or toxins holds vast promises for a wide range of in-field applications.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of porcine acellular cartilaginous matrix (pACM) on the proliferation and differentiation of human adipose-derived stromal cells (hADSCs).pACM was prepared from porcine articular cartilage through decellularization treatment. hADSCs were isolated from human adipose tissues and cultured with different pACM concentrations. No pACM was used as the control group. The effect of pACM on hADSCs proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method. Moreover, the effect of pACM on hADSCs chondrogenic differentiation was analyzed through fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.hADSCs proliferation rate in 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg·mL⁻¹ pACM groups was not significantly different from that in the control group, whereas that in 4.0 and 8.0 mg·mL⁻¹ pACM group was lower than that in the control group (P0.05). The expression levels of pACM chondrogenic genes, including SOX-9, collagen type Ⅱ alpha 1 chain (COL2A1), and aggrecan (ACAN) and cell adhesion-related gene LAMININ in 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg·mL⁻¹ pACM group were higher than those of the control group (P0.05), but that of a stemness-related gene Notch-1 was lower than that of the control group (P0.05). No statistical difference was found in the expression of a lipogenesis-related gene peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAr-γ) (P0.05). The expression levels of chondrogenic proteins (SOX-9, COL2A1, and ACAN) were higher than those of the control group (P0.05).Appropriate pACM con-centrations do not affect hADSCs proliferation but can induce hADSCs chondrogenic differentiation.目的 研究猪软骨脱细胞基质（pACM）对人脂肪干细胞（hADSCs）增殖及分化的影响。方法 将猪关节软骨进行脱细胞处理制备pACM并进行鉴定。分离培养hADSCs并分化鉴定。将不同浓度pACM与hADSCs共培养，以不添加pACM为对照组，通过CCK-8法检测pACM对hADSCs增殖能力的影响，通过荧光定量聚合酶链反应、蛋白质印迹法检测pACM对hADSCs成软骨分化的影响。结果 0.5、1.0、2.0 mg·mL⁻¹ pACM组hADSCs细胞增殖速率与对照组无统计学差异，而4.0、8.0 mg·mL⁻¹ pACM组hADSCs细胞增殖速率低于对照组（P0.05）。0.5、1.0、2.0 mg·mL⁻¹ pACM组成软骨相关基因SOX-9、抗Ⅱ型胶原纤维γ1（COL2A1）、抗蛋白聚糖（ACAN）及细胞黏附相关基因层黏连蛋白（LAMININ）的表达均高于对照组（P0.05），细胞干性相关基因Notch-1的表达低于对照组（P0.05），成脂相关基因过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ（PPAr-γ）的表达各组间均无统计学差异（P0.05）。成软骨相关蛋白SOX-9、COL2A1及ACAN的表达高于对照组（P0.05）。结论 适宜浓度的pACM不会影响hADSCs的增殖，并且可以在基因水平上诱导其向成软骨方向分化。.

Bamboo forests have an efficient carbon sequestration capacity and play an important role in responding to global climate change. However, the current estimation of bamboo carbon storage has some errors, leading to uncertainty in the spatiotemporal pattern of bamboo forest carbon storage. This study simulated aboveground carbon storage of Zhejiang Province, China, during 1984-2014 based on the combination of an improved BIOME-BGC (biogeochemical cycles) model and remote sensing data, with the accuracy being verified with forest resource inventory data. The spatio-temporal distribution and environmental factors of aboveground carbon storage were analyzed. The results showed that the simulated carbon storage was accurate, with average correlation coefficient (r), root mean square error (RMSE) and relative bias (rBIAS) being 0.75, 7.24 Mg C·hm竹林具有高效的固碳能力,在应对全球气候变化中扮演重要角色.然而,目前大尺度竹林碳储量估算误差大,导致竹林碳储量时空格局存在较大的不确定性.本研究以浙江省为例,耦合遥感数据和BIOME-BGC生态系统过程模型模拟1984—2014年浙江省竹林地上碳储量,并利用森林资源清查数据进行精度验证,分析浙江省竹林地上碳储量时空格局以及环境因子对竹林地上碳储量的影响.结果表明: 模拟得到的竹林地上碳储量精度较高,平均相关系数(

A bio-inspired polydopamine (PDA) molecularly imprinted substrate is fabricated by one-step oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine and template molecules in weakly alkaline medium on screen-printed electrode (SPE). Through the catechol and amine groups on PDA surface, Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be easily anchored and growth on PDA-MIP coating, thereby forming a three-dimensional (3D) architecture. By adjusting the reaction conditions, the particle size and distribution of PDA and AuNPs can be well controlled. Benefiting from the “hot spots” generated by AuNPs and recognition sites produced by MIP, the AuNP/PDA-MIP nanocomposite can serve as excellent SERS substrate enabling selective enrichment and identification of phthalate plasticizers (PAEs). Using this substrate, an enhancement factor (EF) up to 1.70 × 107 for dimethyl phthalate (DMP) is achieved with a detection limit as low as 1.0 × 10−10 M. Furthermore, the rebinding kinetics study demonstrates that the portable MIP-based SERS substrate can promptly reach the adsorption equilibrium within 10 min. Thanks to its highly selectivity, the substrate exhibits low SERS interference for structural analogues benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Besides, the straightforward SERS recognition of DMP in surface water, commercial bottled water and liquor samples are successfully realized using this substrate. This green and environmental-friendly fabrication method is promising for synthesis of highly performance sensing substrate, adsorbent or catalysts. Combining with portable Raman spectrometer, the fabricated MIP-based SERS substrate has exhibited a great potential as on-site device for environmental monitoring, food safety and homeland security.

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in a few-mode fiber (FMF) is of significance for the distributed temperature and strain sensing. An FMF with M-shaped refractive index distribution (M-FMF) is proposed in order to improve the performance of simultaneous temperature and strain sensing based on SBS. Propagation of four optical modes is supported by the M-FMF, so that the Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) can be obtained by both intra-mode and inter-mode SBS. The BGSs produced by the interactions of LP01-LP01 mode pair, LP01-LP11 mode pair, and LP11-LP11 mode pair are analyzed, respectively. Meanwhile, the temperature and strain sensing performance based on the BGS of LP01-LP11 mode pair are studied in detail. Considering a common step-index FMF, only one obvious scattering peak is usually present in the BGS obtained from the interaction between different optical mode pairs, therefore, it is inconvenient to achieve multi-parameter sensing measurement. In this paper, the BGS of LP01-LP11 mode pair has two scattering peaks, which are contributed by the acousto-optic coupling between the acoustic modes L1n (n = 1, 2) and the optical modes LP01 and LP11. The two Brillouin scattering peaks have large gain values of 0.1004 m–1·W–1 and 0.0463 m–1·W–1, respectively. More importantly, the gain difference between two Brillouin scattering peaks is small, and the frequency interval is 75 MHz, which can be applied to simultaneous temperature and strain sensing. The influences of the refractive index and the fiber core radius on the BGS of LP01-LP11 mode pair are studied. By selecting the optimal structure parameters, we discuss the effect of temperature and strain on the BGS of LP01-LP11 mode pair. The errors for simultaneous temperature and strain measurement are reduced to 0.23 ℃ and 5.67 με. Compared with other reported results, our obtained temperature and strain sensitivity are high and sensing errors are low in the considered M-FMF. In other words, based on the BGS of LP01-LP11 mode pair, the performance of temperature and strain sensing are improved in the M-FMF. This work is of great significance for studying intra-mode and inter-mode SBS in an FMF. Moreover, the results also provide a guideline for further improving the performance of simultaneous temperature and strain sensing.

Based on the MODIS surface reflectance data, five vegetation indices, including norma-lized difference vegetation index (NDVI), simple ratio index (SR), Gitelson green index (GI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) were constructed as remote sensing variables, coupled with the seven original spectral reflectance bands of MODIS. Stepwise regression and correlation analysis were used to select the variables, and the stepwise regression and Back Propagation (BP) neural network models were constructed based on the measured LAI to retrieve the LAI time series data of Phyllostachys praecox (Lei bamboo) forest during the period from January 2014 to March 2017. The retrieval results were compared with MOD15A2 LAI products during the same period. The results showed that SR was the single variable selected for the stepwise regression model. The correlations of LAI with bands b本文以雷竹林为研究对象,基于MODIS地表反射率数据构建了归一化植被指数(NDVI)、比值植被指数(SR)、Gitelson绿色植被指数(GI)、增强型植被指数(EVI)和土壤调整植被指数(SAVI)5种植被指数,并将其与MODIS 7个波段原始反射率数据作为遥感变量,采用逐步回归和相关分析两种方法进行变量筛选,结合LAI实测数据构建了逐步回归和BP神经网络两种模型,对雷竹林生态系统观测站点2014年1月—2017年3月LAI时间系列数据进行反演,并将反演结果与同时期MOD15A2 LAI产品进行对比分析.结果表明: SR为唯一入选逐步回归模型的变量;b

LAI is one of the most important observation data in the research of carbon cycle of forest ecosystem, and it is also an important parameter to drive process-based ecosystem model. The Moso bamboo forest (MBF) and Lei bamboo forest (LBF) were selected as the study targets. Firstly, the MODIS LAI time series data during 2014-2015 was assimilated with Dual Ensemble Kalman Filter method. Secondly, the high quality assimilated MBF LAI and LBF LAI were used as input dataset to drive BEPS model for simulating the gross primary productivity (GPP), net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and total ecosystem respiration (TER) of the two types of bamboo forest ecosystem, respectively. The modeled carbon fluxes were evaluated by the observed carbon fluxes data, and the effects of different quality LAI inputs on carbon cycle simulation were also studied. The LAI assimilated using Dual Ensemble Kalman Filter of MBF and LBF were significantly correlated with the observed LAI, with high R叶面积指数(LAI)是森林生态系统碳循环研究的重要观测数据,也是驱动森林生态系统模型模拟碳循环的重要参数.本文以毛竹林和雷竹林为研究对象,首先利用双集合卡尔曼滤波,同化两种竹林生态系统观测站点2014—2015年MODIS LAI时间序列数据,然后将同化的高质量毛竹LAI和雷竹LAI作为输入数据驱动BEPS模型,模拟两种竹林生态系统总初级生产力(GPP)、净生态系统碳交换量(NEE)和总生态系统呼吸(TER)等碳循环数据,并用通量站实际观测值评价模拟结果;另外,还对比不同质量LAI对碳循环模拟的影响.结果表明: 双集合卡尔曼滤波同化得到的毛竹林和雷竹林LAI与实测LAI之间的相关关系极为显著

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cyclophosphamide (CPA) on cashmere shedding in cashmere goats. Thirty-two castrated Liaoning cashmere goats were randomly allotted to four groups, with eight replicates in each group. The four groups were injected intravenously with CPA doses of 0, 15, 20 and 25 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Feed intake, body weight, body temperature, and sphygmus were recorded and the erythrocyte count, leukocyte count, hemoglobin content, and cashmere yield and length were determined. CPA has no significant effect on feed intake, body weight, body temperature, or sphygmus of cashmere goats. It was found that CPA significantly decreased the erythrocyte count and hemoglobin content in cashmere goats on the days immediately following injection, but the effects on erythrocytes diminished within 6 days, with hemoglobin content returning to normal within 10 days. Cashmere fiber began to shed on about day 10 after injection with CPA. CPA had no significant effect on cashmere length but significantly increased cashmere yield. The results indicate that CPA can induce cashmere shedding and achieve the purpose of concentrated defleecing. A dose of 20 mg/kg body weight is preferable for hair removal and regrowth in cashmere goats.

A sensitive and stable bioassay for the detection of Aβ oligomer (Aβo), a potentially promising candidate biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, was developed using Fe

The extraction adsorbent was fabricated by immobilizing the highly specific recognition and binding of aptamer onto the surface of Fe

This study focused on retrieval of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of moso bamboo forest based on analysis of wavelet transform on hyperspectral reflectance data of moso bamboo forest leaf. The result showed that the accuracy of Pn retrieved by the ideal high frequency wavelet vegetation index ( VI) was higher than that retrieved by low frequency wavelet VI and spectral VI. Normalized difference vegetation index of wavelet (NDVIw), simple ratio vegetation index of wavelet (SRw) and difference vegetation index of wavelet (Dw) constructed by the first layer of high frequency coefficient through wavelet decomposition had the highest relationship with Pn, with the R² of 0.7 and RMSE of 0.33; low frequency wavelet VI had no advantage compared with spectral VI. Significant correlation existed between Pn estimated by multivariate linear model constructed by the ideal wavelet VI and the measured Pn, with the R² of 0.77 and RMSE of 0.29, and the accuracy was significantly higher than that of using the spectral VI. Compared with the fact that sensitive spectral bands of the retrieval through spectral VI were limited in the range of visible light, the wavelength of sensitive bands of wavelet VI ranged more widely from visible to infrared bands. The results illustrated that spectrum of wavelet transform could reflect the Pn of moso bamboo more in detail, and the overall accuracy was significantly improved than that using the original spectral data, which provided a new alternative method for retrieval of Pn of moso bamboo forest using hyper spectral remotely sensed data.

Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is defined as a mild brain trauma resulting in a short loss of consciousness and alteration of mental status. It may also occasionally develop persistent and progressive symptoms. It has been confirmed that MTBI causes changes of anatomic structures in central nervous system and biomarkers in the body fluid. However, there is no sufficient research on relevance among threshold for the brain injury, individual vulnerability and duration of disturbance of consciousness. Furthermore, there are no reliable diagnostic methods to establish whether a blow to the head is sufficient to cause the brain injury. This review provides references for biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid and blood associated with TBI. It also provides application status and potential prospects for further assessment and diagnosis of MTBI.

Neural network (NN) is an effective method in the filed of materials design, but the convergent speed is decided by initial weights. This paper proposes genetic neural network algorithm (GNNA) to design materials. Aluminum titanate modification is studied by the method of GNNA. The results indicate the algorithm works well.

To study the hypoglycemic effect of the total flavonoids in Leucaena seeds(TF).Experimental observation was performed by using various diabetic mice induced by alloxan, adrenalin, etc.TF could significantly lower the blood glucose levels in Alloxan model mice, adrenalin model mice and hyperglycemic mice, while had no hypoglycemic effect on the normal mice.The total flavonoids in Leucaena seeds has hypoglycemic effect in diabetic model mice.

To develop a new method for determination of Mangiferin in the leafs of Folium mangiferae. By this new method, Mangiferin in F. mangiferae sampled in different months and in different regions was determinated.A RP-HPLC method was set up, using Shim pack CLC-ODS column, methanol-0.05 mol.L-1 H3PO4(65:134, pH 3.5) as mobile phase, with 258 nm of detection wave, at room temperature, 1 mL.min-1. F. mangiferae sampled in Nanning, Qinzhou and Tianyang, Guangxi province and sampled respectively in January to December were determinated.The average recovery of the RP-HPLC was 99.2%, RSD = 1.05% (n = 5). The content of Mangiferin in F. mangiferae was statistically different due to different sample-regions or sample-time.This RP-HPLC method is simple, specific and exact. The contents of Mangiferin in the leafs of F. mangiferae sample in Nanning and Tinayang were statistically similar, but higher than that in Qinzhou. The contents of Mangiferin in the leafs of F. mangiferae sampled in July to October were higher than that in the other months. The content in September was the highest, the content in February was the lowest.