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Background and Objective: To explore the association between protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL‐SNPs) and the risk of LUAD. Methods: "Blood +" high depth blood proteomics analysis was performed on plasma from female LUAD patients and female healthy controls, and combined with proteomics data from tumors and adjacent non‐tumor tissues of female LUAD patients to screen proteins uniformly expressed in plasma and tissues. pQTL‐SNPs were then screened through multiple databases and subjected to multilevel screening. The associations between selected pQTL‐SNPs and LUAD risk were evaluated by Female Lung Cancer Consortium in Asia GWAS (FLCCA GWAS). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is used to determine the levels of candidate protein. Results: A total of 7 pQTL‐SNPs were significantly associated with altered LUAD risk (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the expression of their corresponding target proteins were all decreased in both plasma and tumor tissues of LUAD cases, which may play a role of tumor suppressor proteins. After mutation of 3 pQTL‐SNPs (rs7683000, rs73224660, and rs2776937), the expression of corresponding target proteins BST1 and NRP1 decreased, and as potential tumor suppressor proteins, which may promote tumorigenesis and further increasing the risk of developing LUAD (OR >1, p < 0.05); while after mutation the other pQTL‐SNP rs62069916, the corresponding target protein APOH expression was increased, while as a potential tumor suppressor protein, which may inhibit tumorigenesis and further reduced the risk of developing LUAD (OR <1, p < 0.05). In addition, the expression of NRP1 and APOH were significant decreased in LUAD cell lines and validated in plasma of LUAD patients. Conclusion: A total of 4 pQTL‐SNPs (rs7683000, rs73224660, rs2776937, and rs62069916) may associate with altered LUAD risk by regulating the expression of target proteins (BST1, NRP1, and APOH) after mutation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aimsCardiac enzymes are recognized as a valuable tool for predicting the prognosis of various cardiovascular diseases. The prognostic value of alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was ambiguous and not evaluated.MethodsTwo hundred and thirteen Chinese patients with ICH participated in the study from December 2018 to December 2019. Laboratory routine tests and cardiac enzymes, including α-HBDH level, were examined and analyzed. All the patients were classified into two groups by the median value of α-HBDH: B1

The van der Waals interface structures and behaviors are of great importance in determining the physical properties of two-dimensional atomic crystals and their heterostructures. The delicate interfacial properties are sensitively dependent on the mechanical behaviors of atomically thin films under external strain. Here, we investigated the strain-engineered rippling structures at the CVD-grown bilayer-MoS2 interface with advanced atomic force microscopy (AFM). The in-plane compressive strain is sequentially introduced into the 1L-substrate and 2L-1L interface of bilayer-MoS2 flakes via a fast-cooling process. The thermal strain-engineered rippling structures were directly visualized at the central 2H- and 3R-MoS2 bilayer regions with friction force microscopy (FFM) and bimodal AFM techniques. These rippling structures can be further artificially manipulated into the beating-like rippling features and fully erased via the contact mode AFM scanning. Our results shed lights on the strain-engineered interfacial structures of two-dimensional materials and also inspire the further investigation on the interface engineering of their electronic and optical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ubiquitin modification and alternative polyadenylation play crucial roles in the onset and progression of cancer. Hence, this study aims to comprehensively and deeply understand gene regulation and associated biological processes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) by integrating both mechanisms. Alternative polyadenylation (APA)-related E3 ubiquitin ligases in LUAD were identified through multiple databases, and the association between selected genetic loci influencing gene expression (apaQTL-SNPs) and LUAD risk were evaluated through the GWAS database of the Female Lung Cancer Consortium in Asia (FLCCA). Subsequently, the interaction between RNF213 and ZBTB20, as well as their functional mechanisms in LUAD, were investigated using bioinformatics analysis, Western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, and colony formation experiments. A total of five apaQTL-SNPs (rs41301932, rs4494603, rs9890400, rs56066320, and rs41301932), located on RNF213, were significantly associated with LUAD risk (p < 0.05), and they inhibit tumor growth through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ZBTB20. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the anthropogenic contribution to the summer precipitation changes over southern China and the underlying physical mechanisms. Observations show a wetting trend over southeastern China (SEC) but a drying trend over southwestern China (SWC) in summer of 1961–2014. The dipole pattern can be reasonably reproduced by the anthropogenic forcing simulations of CMIP6 models but with weak trends under the external natural forcing simulations, suggesting the vital human contribution to the observed changes. Particularly, anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) dominate the wetting trend over SEC, while the drying trend over SWC is primarily attributed to anthropogenic aerosol (AA) emissions. Further analysis shows that the GHG concentrations enhance the subtropical high over the western North Pacific (WNP) via the heterogeneous warming of the sea surface temperature, decrease the sea level pressure over eastern China, and increase the atmospheric moisture, facilitating the moisture flux convergence (MFC) and the precipitation over SEC. The GHG‐induced wetting trend is somewhat offset by the inhibited evaporation due to the AA forcing. For SWC, the decreased precipitation is influenced by the anomalous high pressure from India to WNP, which is closely associated with the enhanced Asian AA emission and the interhemispheric asymmetrical distribution of AA emissions. In the upper troposphere, the uneven AA emissions between South and East Asia and Europe weaken the East Asian summer subtropical jet, resisting the western moisture to SWC. Both factors in the low‐and‐high levels suppress the MFC and precipitation over SWC, counteracted by the thermodynamical effects of GHG forcing. Plain Language Summary: Previous studies have documented the emergence of human signal in changes in precipitation over China, but how the anthropogenic forcing affects the precipitation changes across China is still unclear. This study examines the influence of human activities, such as greenhouse gases (GHG) and anthropogenic aerosol (AA) emissions, on summer precipitation changes in southern China. Observations show a wetting trend in southeastern China (SEC) and a drying trend in southwestern China (SWC) from 1961 to 2014. The simulations indicate that GHG contribute to the wetting trend in SEC, while AA emissions are responsible for the drying trend in SWC. GHG enhance the subtropical high over the WNP, increase atmospheric moisture, and promote precipitation in SEC. In SWC, the high pressures influenced by increased Asian AA emissions weaken moisture flow, leading to decreased precipitation. Uneven AA emissions between regions also impact the transport of moisture. Overall, human activities have a significant impact on the observed changes in summer precipitation in southern China. Key Points: The wetting trend in southeastern China is primarily attributed to the greenhouse gases emission through both dynamic and thermodynamic effectsAerosol emissions are responsible for the drying trend in southwestern China and the dynamic processes dominate the decreased precipitationAerosol induced evaporation decreases precipitation in southeastern China and the drying trend in southwestern China is offset by GHG effect [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]