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Mine water, as the main potential water supply source for coal mine sites, has a good potential for comprehensive reuse. However, the complex and diverse physical and chemical reactions between the coal seam roof-filling aquifers and the surrounding rocks jointly affect the quality of mine water in coal mines. Therefore, it is of vital significance to determine the status of groundwater quality and its genesis mechanism in different water-filled aquifers for the protection and comprehensive utilization of mine water. Based on the groundwater samples and rock mineral composition data from a well field in Xinjie Taigemiao Mine, this study uses multivariate statistical analysis and hydrogeochemical techniques, and simulates the water chemical equilibrium by PHREEQC software, to explore in depth the chemical characteristics of the groundwater in different aquifers and its vertical zoning laws of mineral dissolution/precipitation, with the aim of revealing the causative mechanism. It is found that ① the chemical characteristics of the groundwater in the mining area show obvious vertical heterogeneity, in which the Zhidan Group is dominated by HCO3-Na-Ca and HCO3-Mg·Ca types, while the Anding Formation to Yan’an Formation is dominated by Cl-SO4-Na and SO4-Na types, TDS, Na+, and \begin{document}$\text{SO}_{\text{4}}^{{2-}} $\end{document} may be key drivers dominating vertical water quality differentiation. ② The concentrations of key water quality indicators, such as TDS, Na+, and \begin{document}$\text{SO}_{\text{4}}^{{2-}} $\end{document}, show a linear relationship with the depth of the aquifer (from the Zhidan Group to the Yan'an Formation), and the analysis of the ionic ratios reveals that the K+ and Na+ mainly originate from the dissolution of silicate minerals, and that the concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ are affected by the dissolution of carbonate, sulfate and silicate minerals. ③ The depth variation of the mineral saturation index shows that dolomite, plagioclase feldspar and rock salt alternate between unsaturated and oversaturated states in different aquifers. In the groundwater of the Zhidan Group and the Anding Formation, many minerals show a tendency of further dissolution, while in the Zhiluo Formation and the Yan’an Formation, the majority of the minerals have already reached the oversaturated state. ④ Water-rock interactions control the hydrochemical composition of mine water at different depths. The hydrochemical components of the uppermost Shidan Group are mainly affected by the dissolution of minerals such as sodium feldspar, potassium feldspar, calcite, chlorite, and so on, and the deeper aquifers show a stronger reaction to the dissolution of silicate minerals, gypsum, rock salts, and pyrite accompanied by alternating adsorption of cations, resulting in the formation of highly mineralized Cl- SO4-Na, SO4-Na type water. This study deeply explores the vertical zoning characteristics of groundwater chemistry in different aquifers in the coal mine area and its mineral dissolution mechanism, which provides a solid scientific foundation for the precise management of mine water resources, water quality regulation and environmental protection, and has important theoretical guidance value and practical application prospects.

In order to investigate the potential risk of organic pollutants in coal mining water, the persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity of known organic pollutants in coal mining water were systematically simulated and assessed by using EPI Suite and toxicolgical data, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to establish an evaluation system for priority organic pollutants in coal mining water based on two primary indexes and seven secondary indicators of toxic and environmental effects. The results showed that: ① there were 13 persistent persistent substances, 8 bioaccumulative substances and 1 toxic substances among 54 organic pollutants, halgenated hydrocarbons have the strongest persistence, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have the strongest bioaccumulation, and the general trend of reaction rate with hydroxyl radicals (OH•) is as follows: ether>esters>halgenated hydrocarbons; aliphatic>aromatic. (Short-chain halgenated) aliphatic compounds have no bioaccumulative substances, and the bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is generally high, moreover, there were 4 or more benzene rings in the molecular structure of the bioaccumulative ones, and the increase in the number of benzene rings would lead to the enhancement of the bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Triphenyl phosphate is a significant toxic substance, which needs to be focused on during coal mining water treatment. ② The 20 organic pollutants with the higher comprehensive score were screened out as priority pollutants in coal mining water, among which dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, toluene, dibutyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, naphthalene, benzo [a] pyrene, dibenzo [a, h] anthracene, benzo [b] fluoranthracene, benzo [k] fluoranthracene and benzo [a] anthracene have the characteristics of emerging contaminants, however, the level of organic pollutants detected in coal mining water is insufficient to pose risks to human health and ecolgical environment presently, but with the implementation of national policies and the increase in demand for high-quality treatment and utilization of coal mining water. The control of organic pollutants in coal mining water will become an realistic demand for the protection and utilization of regional water resources, and the potential risk assessment system of priority organic pollutants constructed in this study can be used to screen out priority pollutants in coal mining water, and provide a theoretical basis for the future control of organic pollutants.

Abstract Background Abiotic stress seriously affects the growth and yield of crops. It is necessary to search and utilize novel abiotic stress resistant genes for 2.0 breeding programme in quinoa. In this study, the impact of drought stress on glucose metabolism were investigated through transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses in quinoa seeds. Candidate drought tolerance genes on glucose metabolism pathway were verified by qRT-PCR combined with yeast expression system. Results From 70 quinoa germplasms, drought tolerant material M059 and drought sensitive material M024 were selected by comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance. 7042 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were indentified through transcriptomic analyses. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that these DEGs were closely related to carbohydrate metabolic process, phosphorus-containing groups, and intracellular membrane-bounded organelles. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis detected that DEGs were related to pathways involving carbohydrate metabolisms, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Twelve key differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), (D-galactose, UDP-glucose, succinate, inositol, D-galactose, D-fructose-6-phosphate, D-glucose-6-phosphate, D-glucose-1-phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, ribulose-5-phosphate, citric acid and L-malate), and ten key candidate DEGs (CqAGAL2, CqINV, CqFrK7, CqCELB, Cqbg1x, CqFBP, CqALDO, CqPGM, CqIDH3, and CqSDH) involved in drought response were identified. CqSDH, CqAGAL2, and Cqβ-GAL13 were candidate genes that have been validated in both transcriptomics and yeast expression screen system. Conclusion These findings provide a foundation for elucidating the molecular regulatory mechanisms governing glucose metabolism in quinoa seeds under drought stress, providing insights for future research exploring responses to drought stress in quinoa.

Abstract Background A primary pulmonary meningioma is an extremely rare entity. Primary pulmonary meningiomas manifested with a ground glass nodule are a very rare occurrence in clinical practice. Case presentation In this study, we report a case of a primary pulmonary meningioma with atypical computed tomography features. A 59-year-old Han Chinese female came to our hospital for treatment and reported that her physical examination revealed a ground glass nodule in the right lung for over 3 months. The histologic result revealed a primary pulmonary meningioma. The patient underwent a thoracoscopic lung wedge resection of the right upper lobe for a ground glass nodule. After 1 year of follow-up, the patient is still alive without evidence of metastasis or recurrence. Conclusions Primary pulmonary meningiomas could have a variety of radiological findings. As there are no specific radiologic features for the diagnosis of primary pulmonary meningiomas, complete resection of the lesion is required for both diagnosis and treatment. It is necessary to note the imaging features of primary pulmonary meningiomas, presenting as a ground glass nodule; this rare tumor should be considered in differential diagnoses.

Abstract Background Abnormalities in T cell activation play an important role in the pathogenesis of myocarditis, and persistent T cell responses can lead to autoimmunity and chronic cardiac inflammation, as well as even dilated cardiomyopathy. Although previous work has examined the role of T cells in myocarditis in animal models, the specific mechanism for human cardiomyocytes has not been investigated. Methods In this study, we constructed the human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and established the T cell-mediated cardiac injury model by co-culturing with activated CD4 + T or CD8 + T cells that were isolated from peripheral mononuclear blood to elucidate the pathogenesis of myocardial cell injury caused by inflammation. Results By combination of quantitative proteomics with tissue and cell immunofluorescence examination, we established a proteome profile of inflammatory myocardia from hiPSC-CMs with obvious cardiomyocyte injury and increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase content, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB and cardiac troponin. A series of molecular dysfunctions of hiPSC-CMs was observed and indicated that CD4 + cells could produce direct cardiomyocyte injury by activating the NOD-like receptor signals pathway. Conclusions The data presented in our study established a proteome map of inflammatory myocardial based on hiPSC-CMs injury model. These results can provide guidance in the discovery of improved clinical treatments for myocarditis.

Abstract Cuproptosis is a novel type to regulate cell death with copper-dependent manner, and has been reported to involve in the occurrence and development of various malignant tumors. However, the association between cuproptosis and the tumor microenvironment (TME) of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remained unclear. To address this question, we integrated the single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets of ccRCC across different stages, systematically examined the distinctive expression patterns of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) within the TME of ccRCC, and explored the crucial signatures using the spatial transcriptome sequencing (ST-seq) dataset. The cuproptosis activities reduced in cancer tissues along with the ccRCC development, and recovered after therapy. We identified HILPDA+ ccRCC1 subtype, characterized with hypoxia, as cuproptosis susceptible cells associated with a better prognosis. The main co-expression modules of HILPDA+ ccRCC1 subtype highlighted the role in anion transport, response to oxygen species and PD-L1-PD-1 pathway. Furthermore, the immunosuppressive cells might interact with HILPDA+ ccRCC1 subtype via HAVCR2-LGALS9, C3-C3AR1, HLA-A-CD8B and HLA-C-CD8A axises to shape the cuproptosis-related TME landscape. In summary, we anticipate that this study will offer valuable insights and potential strategies of cuproptosis for therapy of ccRCC. Graphical Abstract

Abstract Background To explore the impact of diabetes on the clinical features and prognosis of COVID-19 and assess the influence of glucocorticoid use on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 and diabetes. Methods This retrospective multicenter cohort study included patients admitted between December 2022 and January 2023. The patients were grouped according to diabetes and glucocorticoid use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Results Among 400 patients with glucocorticoid data, 109 (27.3%) had diabetes. The inflammatory cytokines were higher in patients with diabetes, manifested by higher IL-6 (25.33 vs. 11.29 ng/L, p = 0.011), CRP (26.55 vs. 8.62 mg/L, p = 0.003), and PCT (0.07 vs. 0.04 ng/ml, p = 0.010), while CD4+ (319 vs. 506 /mL, p = 0.004) and CD8+ (141 vs. 261 /mL, p

Abstract The critical challenges of the energy crisis and environmental degradation promote innovative approaches for energy conversion. Semiconductor‐based photocatalytic technology, which transforms solar energy into chemical energy, emerges as a promising solution. However, the practical application of this technology faces several challenges, such as the rapid recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes, significantly limiting photocatalytic efficiency. In this review, we provide a detailed discussion, an insightful perspective, and a critical evaluation of recent advances, challenges, and opportunities in the field of photocatalysis using polar materials. We present a comprehensive examination of the photocatalytic mechanisms, activity, and diverse applications of photocatalysts based on polar materials. We also briefly discuss the engineering design of polar photocatalysis in experiments and its scalability in the industry. This review outlines future trends and potential breakthroughs in the photocatalytic field using polar materials, projecting their transformative impact on environmental chemistry and energy engineering.

Abstract Objectives This study aimed at exploring how using different kinds of sheaths will affect the very first ablation procedure of apprentices. Methods 15 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were randomized to used fixed-curve, conventional steerable or visualized steerable sheath, and received complete isolation of pulmonary veins. All ablations were the very first procedure performed by 15 ablation apprentices. The use of fluoroscopy and catheter stability during the PVI were analyzed. Results Procedure duration was much longer in the fixed-curve group (116.8 ± 27 vs. 62.2 ± 17 vs. 60.4 ± 17, p

Abstract Background Cadmium (Cd) is extremely toxic and non-essential for plants. Different soybean varieties differ greatly in their Cd accumulation ability, but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results Here, we performed transcriptomic analysis using Illumina pair-end sequencing on root tissues from two soybean varieties (su8, high-Cd-accumulating (HAS) and su7, low Cd-accumulating (LAS)) grown with 0 or 50 μM CdSO4. A total of 18.76 million clean reads from the soybean root samples were obtained after quality assessment and data filtering. After Cd treatment, 739 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 265 up and 474 down) were found in HAS; however, only 259 DEGs (88 up and 171 down) were found in LAS, and 64 genes were same between the two varieties. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that after cadmium treatment, the DEGs between LAS and HAS were mainly enriched in glutathione metabolism and plant-pathogen interaction pathways. KEGG analysis showed that phenylalanine metabolism responding to cadmium stress in LAS, while ABC transporters responding to cadmium stress in HAS. Besides we found more differential expressed heavy metal transporters such as ABC transporters and zinc transporters in HAS than LAS, and there were more transcription factors differently expressed in HAS than LAS after cadmium treatment in two soybean varieties, eg. bHLH transcription factor, WRKY transcription factor and ZIP transcription factor. Conclusions Findings from this study will shed new insights on the underlying molecular mechanisms behind the Cd accumulation in soybean.

Abstract Background The initial phase II stuty (NCT03215693) demonstrated that ensartinib has shown clinical activity in patients with advanced crizotinib‐refractory, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, we reported the updated data on overall survival (OS) and molecular profiling from the initial phase II study. Methods In this study, 180 patients received 225 mg of ensartinib orally once daily until disease progression, death or withdrawal. OS was estimated by Kaplan‒Meier methods with two‐sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Next‐generation sequencing was employed to explore prognostic biomarkers based on plasma samples collected at baseline and after initiating ensartinib. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was detected to dynamically monitor the genomic alternations during treatment and indicate the existence of molecular residual disease, facilitating improvement of clinical management. Results At the data cut‐off date (August 31, 2022), with a median follow‐up time of 53.2 months, 97 of 180 (53.9%) patients had died. The median OS was 42.8 months (95% CI: 29.3‐53.2 months). A total of 333 plasma samples from 168 patients were included for ctDNA analysis. An inferior OS correlated significantly with baseline ALK or tumor protein 53 (TP53) mutation. In addition, patients with concurrent TP53 mutations had shorter OS than those without concurrent TP53 mutations. High ctDNA levels evaluated by variant allele frequency (VAF) and haploid genome equivalents per milliliter of plasma (hGE/mL) at baseline were associated with poor OS. Additionally, patients with ctDNA clearance at 6 weeks and slow ascent growth had dramatically longer OS than those with ctDNA residual and fast ascent growth, respectively. Furthermore, patients who had a lower tumor burden, as evaluated by the diameter of target lesions, had a longer OS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis further uncovered the independent prognostic values of bone metastases, higher hGE, and elevated ALK mutation abundance at 6 weeks. Conclusion Ensartinib led to a favorable OS in patients with advanced, crizotinib‐resistant, and ALK‐positive NSCLC. Quantification of ctDNA levels also provided valuable prognostic information for risk stratification.

Wound management is an important issue that places enormous pressure on the physical and mental health of patients, especially in cases of infection, where the increased inflammatory response could lead to severe hypertrophic scars (HSs). In this study, a hydrogel dressing was developed by combining the high strength and toughness, swelling resistance, antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities. The hydrogel matrix was composed of a double network of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and agarose with excellent mechanical properties. Hyperbranched polylysine (HBPL), a highly effective antibacterial cationic polymer, and tannic acid (TA), a strong antioxidant molecule, were added to the hydrogel as functional components. Examination of antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the hydrogel confirmed the full play of the efficacy of HBPL and TA. In the in vivo studies of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, the hydrogel had shown obvious promotion of wound healing, and more profoundly, significant suppression of scar formation. Due to the common raw materials and simple preparation methods, this hydrogel can be mass produced and used for accelerating wound healing while preventing HSs in infected wounds.

BackgroundWe aimed to use lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as a marker of inflammation burden and quantify post-stroke inflammation’s direct and indirect effect on functional disability.MethodsWe analyzed 5,129 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) admitted to Shenyang First People’s Hospital. Stroke recurrence and functional outcome measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were assessed at 90 days. Functional disability was defined as mRS score > 2. Receiver operating characteristic curve and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were conducted to illustrate the associations between LDH levels and 90-day functional outcomes in patients with AIS. Mediation analyses were performed to examine the potential causal chain in which stroke recurrence may mediate the relationship between LDH and functional outcome. Positive correlation between LDH and hs-CRP was found and mediation effects of stroke recurrence in the association between LDH or hs-CRP and functional disability were both less than 20%. Sensitivity analyses in different subgroups showed comparable results.ResultsAmong 5,129 included AIS patients, the median (IQR) level of LDH was 186 (161–204.4) U/L. Functional disability was seen in 1200 (23.4%) patients and recurrence was observed in 371(7.2%) patients at 90-day follow-up. Each standard deviation increase in the concentration of LDH was linked to an increased risk of functional disability (adjusted odds ratio[aOR], 1.07; 95%CI,1.04–1.09) and stroke recurrence (aOR,1.02; 95%CI, 1.01–1.04) within 90 days. The highest quartile of LDH (>204.2 U/L) had an elevated risk of suffering functional disability (aOR, 1.21; 95%CI, 1.00–1.47) and recurrence (aOR, 1.21; 95%CI,1.00–1.47) compared with the lowest quartile of LDH (

ABSTRACT Numerous host factors, in addition to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2), have been identified as coreceptors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), demonstrating broad viral tropism and diversified druggable potential. We and others have found that antihistamine drugs, particularly histamine receptor H1 (HRH1) antagonists, potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we provided compelling evidence that HRH1 acts as an alternative receptor for SARS-CoV-2 by directly binding to the viral spike protein. HRH1 also synergistically enhanced hACE2-dependent viral entry by interacting with hACE2. Antihistamine drugs effectively prevent viral infection by competitively binding to HRH1, thereby disrupting the interaction between the spike protein and its receptor. Multiple inhibition assays revealed that antihistamine drugs broadly inhibited the infection of various SARS-CoV-2 mutants with an average IC50 of 2.4 µM. The prophylactic function of these drugs was further confirmed by authentic SARS-CoV-2 infection assays and humanized mouse challenge experiments, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of antihistamine drugs for combating coronavirus disease 19.IMPORTANCEIn addition to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can utilize alternative cofactors to facilitate viral entry. In this study, we discovered that histamine receptor H1 (HRH1) not only functions as an independent receptor for SARS-CoV-2 but also synergistically enhances ACE2-dependent viral entry by directly interacting with ACE2. Further studies have demonstrated that HRH1 facilitates the entry of SARS-CoV-2 by directly binding to the N-terminal domain of the spike protein. Conversely, antihistamine drugs, primarily HRH1 antagonists, can competitively bind to HRH1 and thereby prevent viral entry. These findings revealed that the administration of repurposable antihistamine drugs could be a therapeutic intervention to combat coronavirus disease 19.

Utilizing renewable electricity for the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 into alcohols represents a promising avenue for generating value‐added fuels and achieving carbon neutrality. Recently, there has been growing scientific interest in achieving high‐efficiency conversion of CO2 to alcohols, with significant advancements made in mechanism understanding, reactor design, catalyst development, and more. Herein, a thorough examination of the latest advances in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to alcohols is provided. General mechanisms and pathways of electrocatalytic conversion of CO2‐to‐alcohols are systematically illustrated. Subsequently, electrolyzer configurations, electrolytes, and electrocatalysts employed in CO2RR are summarized. After that, critical operating parameters (e.g., reaction pressure, temperature, and pH) that would significantly influence the CO2RR process are also analyzed. Finally, the review addresses challenges and offers perspectives in this field to guide future studies aimed at advancing CO2‐to‐alcohols conversion technologies.

Objective: We here displayed the global research trends of meteorology and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) as a visual knowledge map by using bibliometrics and revealed the research directions, hotspots, trends, and frontiers in this field.Methods: Using Web of Science core collection as the data source and with CiteSpace and VOSviewer software, we collected and analyzed the annual number of papers, cooperative relationships (countries, institutions, authors, etc.), citations (literature citation, literature co-citation, literature publication, etc.), keywords (emergence, clustering, etc.) of meteorology, and HFRS-related research data for the past 30 years, and drew a visual map.Results: In total, this study included 313 papers investigating the relationship between meteorology and HFRS. The first paper was published in 1992. Globally, United States had the largest number of publications in this field, and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention was the most influential institution conducting related research (20 articles published, and the mediation centrality was 0.24). Several small author cooperation clusters were formed; however, the number of papers published by the same scholar and the co-citation frequency were low. Cazelles Bernard (7 articles) published the highest number of articles in this field, and Gubler DJ was the author with the most co-citations (55 times). The most frequently cited journal was Emerging Infectious Diseases. In this field, the top three high-frequency keywords were “hemorrhagic fever,” “transmission,” and “temperature.” According to keyword cluster analysis, the top three themes were dengue, dechlorane plus, and bank voles. The timeline spectrum exhibited that dengue clustering had a good temporal continuity. The trend analysis of emergent words revealed that the research on “temperature,” “meteorological factors” and “Puumala hantavirus” has gradually appeared in recent years.Conclusion: This study represents the first comprehensive exploration of global trends, hotspots, frontiers, and developments in the relationship between meteorology and HFRS, utilizing CiteSpace and VOSviewer software. The findings of this study are crucial for elucidating the influence of climate change on disease transmission patterns and offering novel insights for forthcoming epidemiological research and public health interventions.

IntroductionEltrombopag (EPAG), a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, was approved for the treatment of severe aplastic anemia (SAA) combined with immunosuppressive therapy (IST). However, EPAG contains a typical biphenyl structure, which causes liver function damage.MethodsTwenty patients with SAA who were intolerant or refractory to EPAG were enrolled in a multicenter prospective registry of the Chinese Eastern Collaboration Group of Anemia (ChiCTR2100045895) from October 2020 to June 2023.ResultsEight patients who were ineffective to EPAG, six with kidney impairment, and nine with abnormal liver function (two with concomitant liver and kidney impairment) were converted to avatrombopag (AVA) therapy with the median duration of AVA treatment was 6 (3-24) months. 17 cases (85%) achieved trilineage hematological response (HR): complete remission (CR) in 3 cases (15%), good partial remission (GPR) in 4 cases (20%), partial remission (PR) in 10 cases (50%), and no response (NR) in 3 cases (15%). The median time to response was 1.7 (0.5-6.9) months, with 16 cases (94%) achieving response within six months and 17 cases (100%) within 12 months. 9 cases (50%) achieved transfusion independence. AVA converted treatment was associated with higher neutrophil counts (0.8×109/L vs 2.2×109/L, p=0.0003), platelet counts (11×109/L vs 39×109/L, p=0.0008), hemoglobin count (59g/L vs 98g/L, p=0.0002), red cell count (1.06×1012/L vs 2.97×1012/L, p=0.001), and absolute reticulocyte count (31.99 ×109/L vs 67.05×109/L p=0.0004) were all significantly elevated compared with the pre-treatment level. After the conversion to AVA therapy, liver and kidney function indexes were maintained within the normal range, no AVA related grade 2 or higher adverse events occurred, and no thrombotic events occurred.ConclusionThe conversion to AVA was an optimal choice for patients with SAA who were EPAG intolerant or refractory.Clinical trial registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=125480, identifier ChiCTR2100045895.

Background: This report describes a case of bilateral transient myopia with a shallow anterior chamber and ciliochoroidal detachment following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and indapamide intake. Case presentation: A 37-year-old man with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was referred to our department due to bilateral blurred vision. The patient had been treated with ibuprofen for fever and indapamide for uncontrolled blood pressure. After four days of indapamide intake, the patient complained of bilateral visual blurring. On ocular examination, his uncorrected visual acuity was 20/400 in both eyes. Slit-lamp examination revealed shallow anterior chambers. The following day, the patient experienced pain and redness in both eyes, which began the previous night. Ocular examination revealed a significant decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) compared to the previous day: 11 mmHg and 12 mmHg in the right eye (OD) and left eye (OS), respectively. Slit-lamp examination revealed conjunctival injection and the presence of inflammatory cells (2+) in the shallow anterior chambers of both eyes. Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed ciliary body detachment and B-scan ultrasonography showed peripheral shallow choroidal detachment in both eyes. Discontinuing indapamide and initiating treatment with oral prednisolone, topical tobramycin dexamethasone and tropicamide phenylephrine eye drops resulted in the rapid recovery of signs and symptoms after three days. Discussion and conclusions: Indapamide intake may contribute to bilateral ciliochoroidal detachment, with SARS-CoV-2 infection possibly increasing susceptibility to drug-induced side effects. Timely drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment can result in a good prognosis.

Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with antiangiogenic therapy have shown encouraging clinical benefits for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, therapeutic efficacy and wide clinical applicability remain a challenge due to “cold” tumors’ immunological characteristics. Tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME) continuously natural force for immune escape by extracellular matrix (ECM) infiltration, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor cell proliferation. Herein, we proposed a novel concept by multi-overcoming immune escape to maximize the ICIs combined with antiangiogenic therapy efficacy against HCC. A self-delivery photothermal-boosted-NanoBike (BPSP) composed of black phosphorus (BP) tandem-augmented anti-PD-L1 mAb plus sorafenib (SF) is meticulously constructed as a triple combination therapy strategy. The simplicity of BPSP's composition, with no additional ingredients added, makes it easy to prepare and presents promising marketing opportunities. (1) NIR-II-activated BPSP performs photothermal therapy (PTT) and remodels ECM by depleting collagen I, promoting deep penetration of therapeutics and immune cells. (2) PTT promotes SF release and SF exerts anti-vascular effects and down-regulates PD-L1 via RAS/RAF/ERK pathway inhibition, enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 mAb in overcoming immune evasion. (3) Anti-PD-L1 mAb block PD1/PD-L1 recognition and PTT-induced ICD initiates effector T cells and increases response rates of PD-L1 mAb. Highly-encapsulated BPSP converted 'cold' tumors into 'hot' ones, improved CTL/Treg ratio, and cured orthotopic HCC tumors in mice. Thus, multi-overcoming immune escape offers new possibilities for advancing immunotherapies, and photothermal/chemical/immune synergistic therapy shows promise in the clinical development of HCC. Graphical Abstract

Abstract Background Quinoa leaves demonstrate a diverse array of colors, offering a potential enhancement to landscape aesthetics and the development of leisure-oriented sightseeing agriculture in semi-arid regions. This study utilized integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to investigate the mechanisms underlying anthocyanin synthesis in both emerald green and pink quinoa leaves. Results Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses indicated that both flavonoid biosynthesis pathway (ko00941) and anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway (ko00942) were significantly associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were analyzed between the two germplasms during different developmental periods. Ten DEGs were verified using qRT-PCR, and the results were consistent with those of the transcriptomic sequencing. The elevated expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4CL) and Hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT), as well as the reduced expression of flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) and Flavonol synthase (FLS), likely cause pink leaf formation. In addition, bHLH14, WRKY46, and TGA indirectly affected the activities of CHS and 4CL, collectively regulating the levels of cyanidin 3-O-(3’’, 6’’-O-dimalonyl) glucoside and naringenin. The diminished expression of PAL, 4CL, and HCT decreased the formation of cyanidin-3-O-(6”-O-malonyl-2”-O-glucuronyl) glucoside, leading to the emergence of emerald green leaves. Moreover, the lowered expression of TGA and WRKY46 indirectly regulated 4CL activity, serving as another important factor in maintaining the emerald green hue in leaves N1, N2, and N3. Conclusion These findings establish a foundation for elucidating the molecular regulatory mechanisms governing anthocyanin biosynthesis in quinoa leaves, and also provide some theoretical basis for the development of leisure and sightseeing agriculture.

As the first barrier for food against pollution, food packaging plays a crucial role in food production, which greatly impacts both the quality and safety of food. Recently, the increasing use of conventional plastic packaging has posed a significant threat to the environment. Meanwhile, cases of foodborne poisoning caused by microbial contamination emerge endlessly. On this background, biodegradable antimicrobial film prepared with natural biological materials has a broad application in future food packaging materials. This article reviews the research progress of biodegradable and antimicrobial films based on biological materials (polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids) and their application in food packaging. And introduces the application of different antimicrobial agents (Synthetic and natural antimicrobial agents) in antimicrobial films. Moreover, discusses the effect of the addition of antibacterial agents on the properties of packing and the antibacterial activities of films. Finally, the shortcomings of food packaging-related fields are discussed. The development of biodegradable antimicrobial food packaging films in the future is prospected.

Abstract Early and accurate diagnosis of focal liver lesions is crucial for effective treatment and prognosis. We developed and validated a fully automated diagnostic system named Liver Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis System (LiAIDS) based on a diverse sample of 12,610 patients from 18 hospitals, both retrospectively and prospectively. In this study, LiAIDS achieved an F1-score of 0.940 for benign and 0.692 for malignant lesions, outperforming junior radiologists (benign: 0.830-0.890, malignant: 0.230-0.360) and being on par with senior radiologists (benign: 0.920-0.950, malignant: 0.550-0.650). Furthermore, with the assistance of LiAIDS, the diagnostic accuracy of all radiologists improved. For benign and malignant lesions, junior radiologists’ F1-scores improved to 0.936-0.946 and 0.667-0.680 respectively, while seniors improved to 0.950-0.961 and 0.679-0.753. Additionally, in a triage study of 13,192 consecutive patients, LiAIDS automatically classified 76.46% of patients as low risk with a high NPV of 99.0%. The evidence suggests that LiAIDS can serve as a routine diagnostic tool and enhance the diagnostic capabilities of radiologists for liver lesions.

Abstract Background More efficient and convenient diagnostic method is a desperate need to reduce the burden of tuberculosis (TB). This study explores the multiple cytokines secretion based on QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus), and screens for optimal cytokines with diagnostic potential to differentiate TB infection status. Methods Twenty active tuberculosis (ATB) patients, fifteen patients with latent TB infection (LTBI), ten patients with previous TB and ten healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. Whole blood samples were collected and stimulated by QFT-Plus TB1 and TB2 antigens. The levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-5, IL-10, IP-10, IL-1Ra, CXCL-1 and MCP-1 in supernatant were measured by Luminex bead-based multiplex assays. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of cytokine for distinguishing different TB infection status. Results After stimulation with QFT-Plus TB1 and TB2 antigens, the levels of all cytokines, except IL-5 in TB2 tube, in ATB group were significantly higher than that in HC group. The levels of IL-1Ra concurrently showed the equally highest AUC for distinguishing TB infection from HC, followed by the levels of IP-10 in both TB1 tube and TB2 tube. Moreover, IP-10 levels displayed the largest AUC for distinguishing ATB patients from non-ATB patients. Meanwhile, the levels of IP-10 also demonstrated the largest AUC in both TB1 tube and TB2 tube for distinguishing ATB patients from LTBI. Conclusions In addition to conventional detection of IFN-γ, measuring IP-10 and IL-1Ra based on QFT-Plus may have the more tremendous potential to discriminate different TB infection status.

Abstract Background Yellow Stripe-Like (YSL) proteins are involved in the uptake and transport of metal ions. They play important roles in maintaining the zinc and iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis, rice (Oryza sativa), and barley (Hordeum vulgare). However, proteins in this family have not been fully identified and comprehensively analyzed in maize (Zea mays L.). Results In this study, we identified 19 ZmYSLs in the maize genome and analyzed their structural features. The results of a phylogenetic analysis showed that ZmYSLs are homologous to YSLs of Arabidopsis and rice, and these proteins are divided into four independent branches. Although their exons and introns have structural differences, the motif structure is relatively conserved. Analysis of the cis-regulatory elements in the promoters indicated that ZmYSLs might play a role in response to hypoxia and light. The results of RNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that ZmYSLs are expressed in various tissues and respond differently to zinc and iron deficiency. The subcellular localization of ZmYSLs in the protoplast of maize mesophyll cells showed that they may function in the membrane system. Conclusions This study provided important information for the further functional analysis of ZmYSL, especially in the spatio-temporal expression and adaptation to nutrient deficiency stress. Our findings provided important genes resources for the maize biofortification.

Traditional low-alloyed Mg–Al–Ca–Mn extrusion alloys always show a low strength and a high tension-compression yield asymmetry. In the present work, Mg–1Al–1Ca–0.2Mn (AXM1102, wt.%) alloys were extruded at 150–350 °C to produce different grain structure and mechanical properties. It is shown that AXM1102-150 (extruded at 150 °C) sample exhibits superhigh strength in both tension and compression, which exhibited a yield strength (YS) of 428 MPa in tension and 416 MPa in compression. Namely, ultrahigh strength and low tension-compression yield asymmetry were both obtained. The ultrahigh strength was found to be ascribed to the ultra-fine dynamically recrystallized (DRXed) grains (0.47 μm) together with grain boundary co-segregation of Ca and Al atoms. Submicron DRXed grains accounts for the improved tension-compression yield asymmetry through suppressing {10-12} twining during compression. Additionally, the discontinuous yielding was detected during tension of AXM1102-150 alloy, which is potentially related with the high energy barrier required for dislocation emission caused by grain boundary co-segregation of Al and Ca atoms. Once the tensile stress reaches the peak value, the mobile dislocation density increases immediately, thus the tensile stress-strain behavior of the AXM1102-150 alloy is dominated by strain softening. The results indicate that low-alloyed Mg–Al–Ca–Mn alloys demonstrate tremendous potential as next generation ultrahigh-strength and low tension-compression yield asymmetry wrought Mg alloys.

The design of LDMOS (Lateral double diffused metal oxide semiconductor) devices with CFP (Contact field plate) has been of great significance in recent years, according to its advantages of low resistance and high switch efficiency. In this paper, this ultra-low $R_{\mathrm{ on,sp}}$ (Specific on-resistance) LDMOS device is simulated, designed, and fabricated. The effects on FOM (Figures-of-merits) characters from physical dimensions, including field plate length ${L}$ , field plate thickness ${H}$ , and slot contact width ${W}$ , have been analyzed and discussed. The best device structure is proposed through simulation, and a related fabrication process is introduced correspondingly. Finally, the electrical measurement results show that $R_{\mathrm{ on,sp}}$ can achieve as low as 6.9m $\Omega \cdot $ mm2 when the source-drain ${BV}$ (Breakdown voltage) arrives at 34.1V, which is improved by 47.1% compared with conventional devices. Furthermore, the TLP (Transmission line pulse) test results indicate that the device owns an ideal SOA (Safe operation area) from both typical devices (W $=\,\,10~\mu \text{m}$ ) and very large devices (W = 2mm).

Background Complex interconnections are evident among gut microbiota, circulating metabolites, inflammatory cytokines, and the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), with the causal dynamics yet to be comprehensively elucidated. The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the potential causal relationships involving gut microbiota-mediated plasma metabolites, inflammatory cytokines, and AAA.Methods We utilized data from genome-wide association studies predominantly comprising individuals of European ancestry, encompassing four major gut microbiota signatures, 233 plasma metabolite signatures (N = 136,016), 91 inflammatory cytokine signatures (N = 14,824), and AAA signatures (N = 1,458,875). Mendelian randomization (MR), employed in a two-sample format, was utilized as a tool to investigate the potential causal pathways from gut microbiota to the development of AAA. Additionally, a two-step MR approach was employed to dissect the impact of plasma metabolites and inflammatory cytokines on the relationship between gut microbiota and AAA and to ascertain the mediated fractions.Results Our findings indicate that five phylum or family-identical bacteria, 175 plasma metabolites, and seven inflammatory factors are causally associated with AAA. Among them, five bacterial species from the same phylum or family, identified from different GWAS data, were strongly associated with AAA. Of these, two exhibited negative causality and three exhibited positive causality. We found that the phylum Firmicutes and the families Oscillospiraceae might reduce the risk of AAA, whereas the families Prevotellaceae, Sutterellaceae, and Aminobacteriaceae might increase the risk of AAA. Further screening indicated that phylum Firmicutes id.1672 (GCST90017114) may confer a protective effect against AAA by reducing triglyceride levels in medium/small high-density lipoprotein (HDL).Conclusion MR analysis has delineated a causal pathway from gut microbiota, through plasma circulating metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, to the pathogenesis of AAA. The role of intestinal flora and certain biomarkers may provide a reference for the diagnosis of AAA, and contribute to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of AAA disease.

Abstract The precise regulation of cellular behaviors within a confined, crowded intracellular environment is highly amenable in diagnostics and therapeutics. While synthetic circuitry system through a concatenated chemical reaction network has rarely been reported to mimic dynamic self‐assembly system. Herein, a catalytic self‐defined circuit (CSC) for the hierarchically concatenated assembly of DNA domino nanostructures is engineered. By incorporating pre‐sealed symmetrical fragments into the preying hairpin reactants, the CSC system allows the hierarchical DNA self‐assembly via a microRNA (miRNA)‐powered self‐sorting catalytic hybridization reaction. With minimal strand complexity, this self‐sustainable CSC system streamlined the circuit component and achieved localization‐intensified cascaded signal amplification. Profiting from the self‐adaptively concatenated hybridization reaction, a reliable and robust method has been achieved for discriminating carcinoma tissues from the corresponding para‐carcinoma tissues. The CSC‐sustained self‐assembly strategy provides a comprehensive and smart toolbox for organizing various hierarchical DNA nanostructures, which may facilitate more insights for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic assessment.

Intelligent transportation management, as an important component of intelligent city supervision, has practical value in improving the effectiveness of urban management. To improve the efficiency of intelligent city traffic management, this study proposes to use convolutional neural networks to improve the performance of navigation and intelligent transportation networks in intelligent transportation. This network is used for vehicle recognition in navigation to predict road congestion and determine the optimal driving path. This structure is applied in the intelligent road network to monitor the driving status of vehicles on the road. It is combined with the vehicle networking system to locate abnormal vehicles to achieve intelligent traffic management and supervision. These results confirm that this algorithm achieves a vehicle recognition accuracy of 91.2 % after 96 iterations and completes the recognition process within 163 ms. This algorithm converges to a vehicle positioning accuracy of 82.4 % after 93 iterations and achieves positioning within 277 ms. This algorithm can not only improve the optimal path planning effect of navigation, but also identify abnormal vehicles within 77 ms. Therefore, the proposed algorithm has high practical value in intelligent transportation management.

Total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation caused by flood discharge water poses a threat to vital activities such as migration, foraging, and evasion in fish species upstream of the Yangtze River, which may impair the ability of fish to pass through fishways during the migration period, causing poor utilization of fishways. Previous studies have shown that TDG supersaturation reduces the critical and burst swimming abilities of fish, suggesting potential adverse effects on swimming performance. However, studies focusing on the impact of TDG on fish swimming behavior in experimental vertical-slot fishways remain scarce. Therefore, in this study, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and ya-fish (Schizothorax prenanti) were used as the study species, and comparative passage experiments were carried out in an experimental vertical slot fishway to systematically analyze the effects of TDG supersaturation on their passage behavior. The passage success of the silver carp was 57%, 39%, 26%, and 27% at TDG levels of 100%, 110%, 120%, and 130%, respectively. Passage success of ya-fish was 73%, 37%, 31%, and 35% at TDG concentrations of 100%, 110%, 120%, and 130%, respectively. The passage time for both species increased significantly with increasing TDG levels. Furthermore, the passage routes of silver carp changed significantly compared to the control group, whereas the passage routes of ya-fish changed insignificantly. High levels of TDG supersaturation (≥120%) also contributed to a higher mortality rate of ya-fish passing through the vertical slot fishway. The research results provide valuable data on the influence of TDG supersaturation on fish movement behavior responses in experimental vertical slot fishways, offering a reference for the design of fishways and the formulation of reservoir operation schemes.

Abstract The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) has an annual mean location north of the equator today. The factors determining this location and the evolution to its modern state are actively debated. Here we investigate how the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) influences the ITCZ during the early‐to‐middle Miocene. By conducting a sensitivity study with an open Canadian Arctic Archipelago gateway, we show that North Atlantic Deep‐Water formation strengthens the AMOC, in alignment with Miocene North Atlantic ventilation proxies. A vigorous AMOC increases northward Atlantic Ocean heat transport and cross‐equatorial atmospheric energy transport shifts southwards to compensate, pushing the ITCZ northwards. Our study supports AMOC development as a strong contributor to the ITCZ's northern location today. Existing proxy‐based interpretations of ITCZ history are too sparse to strongly confirm these results. We predict a strong in‐phase relationship between AMOC strength and ITCZ's northward location, which should be testable in high resolution paleoclimate records.

BackgroundTimely intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is crucial for improving outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Acute Stroke Care Map (ASCaM) initiative in Shenyang, aimed at reducing door-to-needle times (DNT) and thus improving the timeliness of care for AIS patients.MethodsAn retrospective cohort study was conducted from April 2019 to December 2021 in 30 hospitals participating in the ASCaM initiative in Shenyang. The ASCaM bundle included strategies such as EMS prenotification, rapid stroke triage, on-call stroke neurologists, immediate neuroimaging interpretation, and the innovative Pre-hospital Emergency Call and Location Identification feature. An interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) was used to assess the impact of ASCaM on DNT, comparing 9 months pre-intervention with 24 months post-intervention.ResultsData from 9,680 IVT-treated ischemic stroke patients were analyzed, including 2,401 in the pre-intervention phase and 7,279 post-intervention. The ITSA revealed a significant reduction in monthly DNT by −1.12 min and a level change of −5.727 min post-ASCaM implementation.ConclusionThe ASCaM initiative significantly reduced in-hospital delays for AIS patients, demonstrating its effectiveness as a comprehensive stroke care improvement strategy in urban settings. These findings highlight the potential of coordinated care interventions to enhance timely access to reperfusion therapies and overall stroke prognosis.

The relationship of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and insulin resistance remains inclusive. Our study aimed to investigate this association in the project of Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR). Specifically, we examined the associations between long-term PM2.5 exposure and three surrogate indicators of insulin resistance: the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), TyG with waist circumference (TyG-WC) and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR). Additionally, we explored potential effect modification of dietary intake and components. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the associations between PM2.5 and the indicators with an unbalanced repeated measurement design. Our analysis incorporated a total of 162,060 observations from 99,329 participants. Each 10 μg/m3 increment of PM2.5 was associated with an increase of 0.22 % [95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.20 %, 0.25 %], 1.60 % (95 % CI: 1.53 %, 1.67 %), and 2.05 % (95 % CI: 1.96 %, 2.14 %) in TyG, TyG-WC, and METS-IR, respectively. These associations were attenuated among participants with a healthy diet, particularly those with sufficient intake of fruit and vegetable, fish or tea (pinteraction

The Eastern Indian Ocean (EIO) is an ideal region to explore the variability and controlling mechanisms of the seawater carbonate system and their potential influence on global climate change due to the distinctive environmental features, while studies in the EIO is far from sufficient. The spatiotemporal distributions of pH, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), alkalinity (Alk), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) were investigated in the EIO during autumn 2020 and spring 2021. The respective quantitative contributions of different controlling processes to DIC were further delineated. Significant seasonal variations were observed in the study area. Overall, the surface pH was lower and DIC, Alk, and pCO2 were higher during spring 2021 than during autumn 2020. The pH generally decreased from east to west during autumn 2020, whereas it decreased from north to south during spring 2021. The low values of DIC and Alk that were detected in the Bay of Bengal in these two seasons were mainly attributed to the influence of river inputs. Coastal upwelling during monsoon periods led to higher pCO2 and DIC values near Sumatra and Sri Lanka during spring 2021. The relationships of carbonate system parameters with different types of nutrients and different sized chlorophyll-a in the two seasons indicated the shifts of nutrients utilized by the phytoplankton, and phytoplankton species dominated the carbonate system variabilities. In vertical profiles, carbonate system parameters showed strong correlations with other physical and biogeochemical parameters, and these correlations were more robust during spring 2021 than during autumn 2020. The average sea–air flux of CO2 was 10.00 mmol m−2 d−1 during autumn 2020 and was 16.00 mmol m−2 d−1 during spring 2021, which revealed that the EIO served as a CO2 source during the study period. In addition, the separation of different controlling processes of DIC indicated stronger mixing processes, less CaCO3 precipitation, more intensive sea–air exchange, and weaker photosynthesis during spring 2021 than during autumn 2020.

This study investigates the influence of pore structure on H2O adsorption in low-rank coal (LRC) models at a molecular level, employing variously sized LRC slit-pore models·H2O adsorption behavior is analyzed across different pore sizes ranging from 0.001 to 100 kPa fugacity, by employing the Grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore saturated adsorption kinetics. The findings indicate a positive correlation between H2O adsorption levels and both fugacity and pore diameter. Furthermore, at constant pore diameter, the adsorption heat increases exponentially with increasing adsorption levels. Notably, H2O adsorption in LRC slit pores exhibits multilayer adsorption characteristics. First, adsorption occurs as monomolecular layers on the LRC surface, transitioning to secondary adsorption sites formed by previously adsorbed H2O molecules with increasing fugacity, ultimately saturating the pores. This adsorption process exhibits a correlation with a shift in potential energy distribution from high to low potential energy directions. Moreover, the ordering of H2O molecule arrangements between hydrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, and H2O molecules decreases with increasing pore diameters. Larger pore diameters correspond to increased H2O molecule diffusion, the stronger interaction between the LRC slit pores and H2O molecules but reduced interaction with individual H2O molecules. Overall, this study establishes a theoretical foundation for further studies on coal pore wetting and offer valuable insights for studies aimed at reducing dust and preventing gas outbursts.

Coal mine underground reservoir is one of the key technologies to solve the protection and utilization of water resources in western mining areas. The basis for maintaining the safe operation of the reservoir is engineering safety, and the dam body is the core to ensure engineering safety. This paper studies the safety and stability of coal pillar dam of underground reservoir in coal mine. The stress variation (vertical stress and horizontal stress), fracture development and expansion, displacement variation and other multi-parameter variation laws during the failure of coal pillar dam are comprehensively analyzed based on mechanical model, similarity simulation and numerical calculation methods, from the angle of roof rock pressure (vertical stress) and water storage height (horizontal stress). This paper studies the variation characteristics of various parameters during the failure of coal pillar dam, and puts forward the key information of coal pillar dam failure precursors, which provides the basis for the safe operation monitoring and early warning of on-site coal mine underground reservoir. The results show that under the action of vertical stress, the location of coal pillar dam damage caused by overburden stress is the dam roof on the side of underground reservoir of coal mine. The smaller the size of coal pillar is, the easier it is to produce stress concentration. The greater the bearing stress is, the greater the possibility of damage is. Based on this, the failure critical point of coal pillar dam is obtained. Under the action of horizontal stress, the coal pillar dam body experiences three processes: elastic stage, initial failure stage and failure increase stage. The coal pillar dam body shows obvious displacement only after reaching the ultimate strength. At this time, the coal pillar dam body is damaged. After the horizontal stress decreases, the displacement has a rebound trend, but the overall stability of the coal pillar dam body is affected and it is not suitable to continue water storage. The analysis of the main factors causing the instability of the coal pillar dam shows that under the combined action of vertical stress and horizontal stress, the instability of the coal pillar dam is mainly at the top plate, bottom plate and middle position of the small-size dam near the reservoir. Taking Shangwan mine as an example, the maximum bearing head height of the coal pillar dam is 50m, but the coal pillar dam has been damaged at this time. Even if the water level is lowered, the overall stability of the coal pillar dam is irreparably damaged. Comprehensive study of the characteristics and laws of coal pillar dam instability in coal mine underground reservoirs, combined with displacement changes and the physical and mechanical properties of coal pillar dams, obtained the precursor information of coal pillar dam failure, that is, respond to the reservoir before reaching the ultimate strength under the action of external force. For safety measures, it is recommended to focus on monitoring the stress change information of the coal pillar roof with a smaller size on the reservoir side during on-site monitoring and early warning to ensure the safe operation of coal mine underground reservoirs. The research results provide a basis for monitoring and early warning methods for the safety and stability of coal pillar dams in coal mine underground reservoirs.

Abstract Background Population‐based epidemiological evidence regarding the association between fruit and vegetable intake and the incidence of hypertension is inconsistent. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of new‐onset hypertension. Methods Based on the project of Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China‐PAR), 58,981 Chinese adults without hypertension at baseline were included. Information on fruit and vegetable intake was collected using a food‐frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident hypertension. Results During 640,795 person‐years of follow‐up, 21,008 new cases of hypertension were recorded. Compared with participants in the lowest quintile (Q1) of total fruit and vegetable (TFV) intake, the HRs (95% CIs) of incident hypertension were 0.90 (0.86–0.95), 0.85 (0.81–0.90), 0.82 (0.78–0.86), and 0.83 (0.78–0.88) for the Q2 to Q5 group (ptrend

Background: Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) has been demonstrated to be effective in treating patients with virus-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, whether the management of ECMO is different in treating H1N1 influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated ARDS patients remains unknown. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. We included 12 VV-ECMO-supported COVID-19 patients admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, and Wuhan Union Hospital West Campus between January 23 and March 31, 2020. We retrospectively included VV-ECMO-supported patients with COVID-19 and H1N1 influenza-associated ARDS. Clinical characteristics, respiratory mechanics including plateau pressure, driving pressure, mechanical power, ventilatory ratio (VR) and lung compliance, and outcomes were compared. Results: Data from 25 patients with COVID-19 (n=12) and H1N1 (n=13) associated ARDS who had received ECMO support were analyzed. COVID-19 patients were older than H1N1 influenza patients (P=0.004). The partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and VR before ECMO initiation were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients than in H1N1 influenza patients (P

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–endolysosome interactions regulate cholesterol exchange between the ER and the endolysosome. ER–endolysosome membrane contact sites mediate the ER–endolysosome interaction. VAP-ORP1L (vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein- OSBP-related protein 1L) interaction forms the major contact site between the ER and the lysosome, which is regulated by Rab7. RILP (Rab7-interacting lysosomal protein) is the downstream effector of Rab7, but its role in the organelle interaction between the ER and the lysosome is not clear. In this study, we found RILP interacts with ORP1L to competitively inhibit the formation of the VAP–ORP1L contact site. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that RILP induces late endosome/lysosome clustering, which reduces the contact of endolysosomes with the ER, interfering with the ER–endolysosome interaction. Further examination demonstrated that over-expression of RILP results in the accumulation of cholesterol in the clustered endolysosomes, which triggers cellular autophagy depending on RILP. Our results suggest that RILP interferes with the ER–endolysosome interaction to inhibit cholesterol flow from the endolysosome to the ER, which feedbacks to trigger autophagy.

10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), which is a unique bioactive fatty acid of royal jelly synthesized by nurse bees for larvae and adult queen bees, is recognized for its dual utility in medicinal and nutritional applications. Previous research has indicated that 10-HDA exerts antitumor effects on numerous tumor cell lines, including colon cancer cells, A549 human lung cancer cells, and human hepatoma cells. The present study extends this inquiry to lymphoma, specifically evaluating the impact of 10-HDA on the SU-DHL-2 cell line. Our findings revealed dose-dependent suppression of SU-DHL-2 cell survival, with an IC50 of 496.8 μg/mL at a density of 3 × 106 cells/well after 24 h. For normal liver LO2 cells and human fibroblasts (HSFs), the IC50 values were approximately 1000 μg/mL and over 1000 μg/mL, respectively. The results of label-free proteomics revealed 147 upregulated and 347 downregulated differentially expressed proteins that were significantly enriched in the complement and coagulation cascades pathway (adjusted p-value = 0.012), including the differentially expressed proteins prothrombin, plasminogen, plasminogen, carboxypeptidase B2, fibrinogen beta chain, fibrinogen gamma chain, and coagulation factor V. The top three hub proteins, ribosomal protein L5, tumor protein p53, and ribosomal protein L24, were identified via protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis. This result showed that the complement and coagulation cascade pathways might play a key role in the antitumor process of 10-HDA, suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue for lymphoma treatment. However, the specificity of the effect of 10-HDA on SU-DHL-2 cells warrants further investigation.

Two K-band switch circuits, each consisting of a single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch, have been built using a 0.15 μm GaAs process. One circuit utilizes diode techniques while the other utilizes field effect transistor (FET) techniques. The diode single-pole double-throw switches that have been devised exhibit exceptional linearity and are capable of withstanding high power levels. The switches exhibit a return loss of 10 dB or higher, an insertion loss of 3 dB or lower, and operate within a frequency range of 19 GHz to 25 GHz. They have a compact design with a core size of only 1.05 mm2 and consume a total power of 136.8 mW. The FET SPDT switch circuits are created utilizing a parallel–parallel quarter-wavelength transmission line architecture. This design allows for a higher power output compared to using a diode. The transistorized single-pole double-throw switch circuit is designed using a parallel–parallel quarter-wavelength transmission line architecture. This design ensures a low insertion loss. By adjusting the length of the transmission line, the circuit can operate in both frequency bands; the K-band and Ka-band.

Since the mid-19th century, the migration of Hui Muslims to Shanghai has fostered the development of stable residential neighborhoods around the Small Peach Garden Mosque, turning the area into a hub for religious gatherings and a bustling economic center, especially for the beef, mutton, and catering sectors. However, the dawn of the 21st century brought with it swift economic expansion and urban redevelopment, gradually replacing the neighborhoods surrounding the mosque with high-end residential zones. Soaring land prices slashed the profits of Muslim food businesses in the area to the point of unsustainability, disrupting the traditional pattern of life around the mosque. This study offers insights from interviews with older Muslim women who stayed at the Small Peach Garden Women’s Mosque after its demolition, slowly transforming it into a retirement home. Their stories underline that architectural conservation alone is not sufficient to preserve the character of historic and cultural sites. The study calls for a deeper understanding of urban transformations in historic urban landscapes for religious minorities.

This paper investigated the static in vitro degradation behavior of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)-oriented microcellular materials. The study compared the influence of different molecular chains and internal morphological structures on water penetration into the material. Also, the relationship between thse self-accelerated degradation caused by ester bond breakage and reduced material molecular weight and mechanical properties was explored. Furthermore, the mechanism behind the static in vitro degradation of oriented microcellular PLLA materials in simulated human body fluid was explored, laying the foundation for regulating the mechanical performance decline of oriented microcellular biomimetic bone repair materials to match specific bone healing periods.

BackgroundThis study aims to investigate the clinical outcome between high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) therapy in mild to moderate hypoxemic patients on the first ICU day and to develop a predictive model of 48-h intubation.MethodsThe study included adult patients from the MIMIC III and IV databases who first initiated HFNC or NIV therapy due to mild to moderate hypoxemia (100

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the clinical traits and consequences of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.MethodsThis retrospective review involved the examination of medical records for patients diagnosed with SLE who had an active CMV infection at the time of their discharge from Peking Union Medical College Hospital between June 2016 and December 2022. The consistency between plasma CMV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) viral load and pp65 antigenemia was analyzed using the chi-square test. Related factors for CMV disease in SLE complicated by active CMV infection patients were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariable stepwise logistic regression. Cox hazards regression analysis was used to determine predictors for all-cause mortality and CMV recurrence within 3 months.ResultsA total of 206 patients were enrolled in this study. Of the 123 patients who were detected with both plasma CMV DNA viral load and pp65 antigenemia within an interval not exceeding 72 h, the consistency between plasma CMV DNA viral load and pp65 antigenemia was not good (Kappa = −0.304, p < 0.001). Plasma CMV DNA viral load ≥ 1,600 copies/mL [odds ratio (OR) 4.411, 95% CI 1.871–10.402, p = 0.001], current glucocorticoids dose (equivalent to prednisolone) ≥60 mg/d (OR 2.155, 95% CI 1.071–4.334, p = 0.031), and elevated alanine transaminase (OR 3.409, 95% CI 1.563–7.435, p = 0.002) were significant clinical clues indicating CMV disease in SLE. Multivariable Cox hazards regression analysis showed that CMV organ involvement [hazard ratio (HR) 47.222, 95% CI 5.621–396.689, p < 0.001], SLE multi-system involvement (HR 1.794, 95% CI 1.029–3.128, p = 0.039), and elevated hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (HR 5.767, 95% CI 1.190–27.943, p = 0.030) were independent risk factors for 3-month all-cause mortality. CMV organ involvement (HR 3.404, 95% CI 1.074–10.793, p = 0.037) was an independent risk factor for CMV recurrence within 3 months.ConclusionIn SLE patients, plasma CMV DNA viral load seemed to have a higher value in the diagnosis of CMV disease; patients with CMV organ involvement, SLE multi-system involvement, and elevated hsCRP might have a higher risk of 3-month all-cause mortality; and patients with CMV organ involvement might have a higher risk of CMV recurrence within 3 months.

Soybean [Glycine max(L.)Merr.] is a leading oil-bearing crop and cultivated globally over a vast scale. The agricultural landscape in China faces a formidable challenge with drought significantly impacting soybean production. In this study, we treated a natural population of 264 Chinese soybean accessions using 15% PEG-6000 and used GR, GE, GI, RGR, RGE, RGI and ASFV as evaluation index. Using the ASFV, we screened 17 strong drought-tolerant soybean germplasm in the germination stage. Leveraging 2,597,425 high-density SNP markers, we conducted Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and identified 92 SNPs and 9 candidate genes significantly associated with drought tolerance. Furthermore, we developed two KASP markers for S14_5147797 and S18_53902767, which closely linked to drought tolerance. This research not only enriches the pool of soybean germplasm resources but also establishes a robust foundation for the molecular breeding of drought tolerance soybean varieties.

Salt stress poses a significant challenge to crop productivity, and understanding the genetic basis of salt tolerance is paramount for breeding resilient soybean varieties. In this study, a soybean natural population was evaluated for salt tolerance during the germination stage, focusing on key germination traits, including germination rate (GR), germination energy (GE), and germination index (GI). It was seen that under salt stress, obvious inhibitions were found on these traits, with GR, GE, and GI diminishing by 32% to 54% when compared to normal conditions. These traits displayed a coefficient of variation (31.81% to 50.6%) and a substantial generalized heritability (63.87% to 86.48%). Through GWAS, a total of 1841 significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified to be associated with these traits, distributed across chromosome 2, 5, 6, and 20. Leveraging these significant association loci, 12 candidate genes were identified to be associated with essential functions in coordinating cellular responses, regulating osmotic stress, mitigating oxidative stress, clearing reactive oxygen species (ROS), and facilitating heavy metal ion transport - all of which are pivotal for plant development and stress tolerance. To validate the candidate genes, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was conducted, revealing three highly expressed genes (Glyma.02G067700, Glyma.02G068900, and Glyma.02G070000) that play pivotal roles in plant growth, development, and osmoregulation. In addition, based on these SNPs related with salt tolerance, KASP (Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR)markers were successfully designed to genotype soybean accessions. These findings provide insight into the genetic base of soybean salt tolerance and candidate genes for enhancing soybean breeding programs in this study.