Search

qSI07.1, a major QTL for seed index in cotton, was fine-mapped to a 17.45-kb region, and the candidate gene GhSI7 was verified in transgenic plants. Improving production to meet human needs is a vital objective in cotton breeding. The yield-related trait seed index is a complex quantitative trait, but few candidate genes for seed index have been characterized. Here, a major QTL for seed index qSI07.1 was fine-mapped to a 17.45-kb region by linkage analysis and substitutional mapping. Only GhSI7, encoding the transcriptional regulator STERILE APETALA, was contained in the candidate region. Association test and genetic analysis indicated that an 845-bp-deletion in its intron was responsible for the seed index variation. Origin analysis revealed that this variation was unique in Gossypium hirsutum and originated from race accessions. Overexpression of GhSI7 (haplotype 2) significantly increased the seed index and organ size in cotton plants. Our findings provided a diagnostic marker for breeding and selecting cotton varieties with high seed index, and laid a foundation for further studies to understand the molecular mechanism of cotton seed morphogenesis.

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the deadliest cancers both in China and worldwide. To date, the efficacy of lung SCC treatments is limited. Recent studies have elucidated the powerful anti-tumour role of dioscin in different human cancers. Here, our study aims to investigate the effect of dioscin on lung SCC and its underlying mechanism. First, we found that dioscin not only inhibited cell proliferation and cell migration and induced cell apoptosis in lung SCC cells but also suppressed tumour growth in tumour-bearing mice. Furthermore, we noted that the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was triggered by dioscin in lung SCC cells, leading to the phosphorylation of HSP27 through p38-MAPK and consequent cell apoptosis. The activation of p38-MAPK/HSP27 induced by the p38-MAPK activator Anisomycin enhanced the apoptosis of lung SCC cells, while the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and the p38-MAPK inhibitor SB203580 both attenuated dioscin-mediated cell apoptosis. Moreover, NAC suppressed the activation of p38-MAPK/HSP27 that induced by dioscin. In conclusion, these results confirm that dioscin facilitates ROS-induced apoptosis via the p38-MAPK/HSP27-mediated pathway in lung SCC.

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.) belongs to the eudicot family Polygonaceae, Fagopyrum Mill, and its seeds have high nutritional value. The mechanism of seed development of common buckwheat remains unclear at the molecular level and no genes related to seed size have been identified. In this study, we performed genome-wide transcriptome sequencing and analysis using common buckwheat seeds at 5 days post anthesis (DPA) and 10 DPA from two cultivars (large-seeded and small-seeded). A total of 259,895 transcripts were assembled, resulting in 187,034 unigenes with average length of 1097 bp and N50 of 1538 bp. Based on gene expression profiles, 9127 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and analyzed in GO enrichment and KEGG analysis. In addition, genes related to seed size in the IKU pathway, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TFs and phytohormones were identified and analyzed. AP2 and bZIP transcription factors, BR-signal and ABA were considered to be important regulators of seed size. This study provides a valuable genetic resource for future identification and functional analysis of candidate genes regulating seed size in common buckwheat and will be useful for improving seed yield in common buckwheat through molecular breeding in the future.

Nitrogen fertilizer and planting density are two crucial factors that affect the yield of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.). Youqiao2, a common buckwheat cultivar with high photosynthetic capacity and planted widely in local production was used to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic traits, and grain yield in common buckwheat by a split plot design. The main plots were assigned to three nitrogen fertilizer rates: 0, 45, and 90 kg ha−1, and the subplots were assigned to three planting densities: 60, 90, and 120 plants m−2. Results showed that the grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with net photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal limitation value (Ls), chlorophyll content (SPAD value), leaf area index (LAI), plant height, stem diameter, branch number, internode number, grain number per plant, and 1000-grain weight, while significantly and negatively correlated with intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and water-use efficiency (WUE). The Pn, Gs, Tr, Ls, SPAD, LAI, grain yield, stem diameter, branch number, internode number, grain number per plant, and 1000-grain weight increased and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density, and their maximum values appeared in the nitrogen fertilization of 45 kg ha−1 and planting density of 90 plants m−2 treatment. The Ci and WUE decreased and then increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density, and their minimum values appeared in the nitrogen fertilization of 45 kg ha−1 and planting density of 90 plants m−2 treatment. The plant height increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, while decreased with the increase of planting density. These results suggested that nitrogen fertilizer and planting density had significant effects on the leaf photosynthetic capacity, agronomic traits, and grain yield of common buckwheat, and the combination of nitrogen fertilization of 45 kg ha−1 and planting density of 90 plants m−2 is recommended for common buckwheat planting.

Waxy wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is grown throughout the world for its specific quality. Fertilization and planting density are two crucial factors that affect waxy wheat yield and photosynthetic capacity. The objectives of the research were to determine the effects of fertilization and planting density on photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and yield components of waxy wheat, including Yield, SSR, TGW, GNPP, GWPP, PH, HI, Pn, Gs, Ci, E and WUE using the method of field experiment, in which there were three levels (150, 300, and 450 kg ha–1) of fertilizer application rate and three levels (1.35, 1.8, and 2.25 × 106 plants ha–1) of planting density. The results suggested that photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and yield components had close relationship with fertilization levels and planting density. Under the same plant density, with the increase of fertilization, Yield, SSR, TGW, GNPP, GWPP, HI, Pn, Gs, E and WUE increased and then decreased, PH increased, but Ci decreased. Under the same fertilization, with the increase of plant density, Yield, SSR, TGW, GNPP, GWPP, HI increased and then decreased, PH, Pn, Gs and E increased, PH and WUE declined. The results also showed that F2 (300 kg ha–1) and D2 (1.8 × 106 plants ha–1) was a better match in this experiment, which could obtain a higher grain yield 4961.61 kg ha–1. Consequently, this combination of fertilizer application rate and plant densities are useful to get high yield of waxy wheat.

Cotton is a significant commercial crop that plays an indispensable role in many domains. Constructing high-density genetic maps and identifying stable quantitative trait locus (QTL) controlling agronomic traits are necessary prerequisites for marker-assisted selection (MAS). A total of 14,899 SSR primer pairs designed from the genome sequence of G. raimondii were screened for polymorphic markers between mapping parents CCRI 35 and Yumian 1, and 712 SSR markers showing polymorphism were used to genotype 180 lines from a (CCRI 35 × Yumian 1) recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. Genetic linkage analysis was conducted on 726 loci obtained from the 712 polymorphic SSR markers, along with 1379 SSR loci obtained in our previous study, and a high-density genetic map with 2051 loci was constructed, which spanned 3508.29 cM with an average distance of 1.71 cM between adjacent markers. Marker orders on the linkage map are highly consistent with the corresponding physical orders on a G. hirsutum genome sequence. Based on fiber quality and yield component trait data collected from six environments, 113 QTLs were identified through two analytical methods. Among these 113 QTLs, 50 were considered stable (detected in multiple environments or for which phenotypic variance explained by additive effect was greater than environment effect), and 18 of these 50 were identified with stability by both methods. These 18 QTLs, including eleven for fiber quality and seven for yield component traits, could be priorities for MAS.

A large set of potential microsatellites markers covering the entire genome are required for genetic diversity, mapping and functional genomics studies. In this study, a total of 37,572 microsatellites with frequency of 83.25 microsatellites per Mb were mined in the recently sequenced Fagopyrum tataricum. Among these 37,572 microsatellites, most of the microsatellites were di-nucleotide (26,196, 69.72%) and AT/TA repeat motifs were the most abundant (24,742, 65.85%). A total of 26,549 microsatellite markers were designed from the flanking sequences of 37,572 microsatellites and 2643 (9.96%) were genic microsatellite markers. All of these newly-developed microsatellite markers were physically anchored to the eight chromosomes of F. tataricum and the first and high-density physical map was constructed with an average marker density of 58.82 markers per Mb. Amplification efficiency and experimental evaluation of the newly-developed microsatellite markers assessed with 440 markers randomly selected in F. tataricum, showed that these microsatellite markers are highly effective and valuable. The large number of new microsatellite markers and their location on the physical map provided a valuable resource for studying diversity, constructing genetic maps, functional gene mapping, QTL exploration and molecular breeding in Fagopyrum species.

The major objective of transfer learning is to handle the learning tasks on a target domain by utilizing the knowledge extracted from the source domain(s), when the labeled data in the target domain are not sufficient. Transfer learning can be classified into offline transfer learning (OffTL) and online transfer learning (OnTL), and OnTL has attracted much attention and research due to its more realistic scenario assumed in practice. There can be multiple source domains, therefore, OnTL with Multiple Source Domains has been studied in recent years and algorithms have been proposed. Nevertheless, it can be noted that existing research on OnTL with Multiple Source Domains only deals with binary classification tasks. In this paper, we make the first attempt to study OnTL with Multiple Source Domains for multi-class classification (MC), and propose an algorithm, referred to as Online Multi-source Transfer Learning for Multi-class classification (OMTL-MC) algorithm. OMTL-MC algorithm is built on two-stage ensemble strategy, in this way, the knowledge extracted from different source domains can be simultaneously online transferred to improve the performance of the classifier in the target domain. In order to deeper explore the underlying structure among multiple classes, an Extended Hinge Loss (EHL) function is adopted in OMTL-MC. We theoretically analyze the mistake bound of OMTL-MC algorithm. In addition, experiments on several popular datasets expound that the proposed OMTL-MC algorithm outperforms the other compared algorithms.

To explore the diversity of species and biological activities of the endophytes from Huperzia serrata that is a wild medicinal plant under state protection (category ii), and to discover and collect endophytic bacteria from medicinal plants.Huperzia serrata samples were collected from Sichuan and Fujian Provinces. Culture-dependent method was used to obtain endophytes from the surface-sterilized plant samples. The diversity of the isolates was analyzed according to the 16S rRNA gene sequences information. Jaccard index, Shannon-wiener Index, Simpson Index and Pielou Index were calculated. Then six screening models were followed to study the physiological activities of the isolates, based on which we evaluated the diversity of biological activities of the endophytes from Huperzia serrata and their potential medicinal value.A total of 356 endophytic bacteria were purified from Huperzia serrata, and the analysis results of their 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they affiliated to 41 genera of 26 families in the phyla Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. The numbers and biodiversity indexes of endophytes from the aboveground part and belowground part of Huperzia serrata were approximately equivalent. Among them 11 potential novel species belonged to the genera Amycolatopsis, Angustibacter, Arthrobacter, Curtobacterium, Frondihabitans, Glaciihabitans, Jatrophihabitans, Luteimicrobium, Massilia, Naumannella and Tardiphaga, and 1 novel genus of the family Dermacoccaceae was discovered. The screening for anti-microbial results from these 356 isolates were as follows: the activity rates of against Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Xanthomonas campestris were 9.0%, 1.4%, 2.2% and 0.8% respectively. Of them 4.5% exhibited activities on the screening model of statins-like antihyperlipidemics showing inhibition of Sporobolomyces salmonicolor SS04; 8.6% of them had the activities of against HIV-1. In total, the fermentation broths from 74 strains exhibited activities on at least one screening model, the positive rate among the isolates was 20.8%.This study demonstrated that the endophytic bacteria from Huperzia serrata were of great significant bio-diversity and antibiotic diversity, therefore, they could be an ideal microbial resource for further discovery of new natural products.

Cotton is a leading natural fiber crop in the textile industry worldwide. The improvement of cotton fiber quality has become more important because of changes in spinning technology and ever-increasing demands. Mapping quantitative trait locus (QTL) for fiber quality traits will enable molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) to improve fiber quality and provide an access to reveal the molecular mechanism of fiber development. A high-density intraspecific genetic map is constructed based on an upland cotton recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. A total of 25,313 SSR primer pairs were used and yielded 1,333 polymorphic markers, with a polymorphic ratio of 5.3 %, producing 1,382 polymorphic loci in the RIL population. The map comprised 1,274 loci and spanned 3,076.4 cM with an average distance of 2.41 cM between two adjacent markers. Based on the phenotypic data of fiber quality traits from five environments, a total of 59 QTL were detected. These QTL comprised 15 QTL for fiber upper half mean length, 10 QTL for fiber length uniformity, 9 QTL for fiber strength, 10 QTL for fiber elongation and 15 QTL for fiber micronaire, respectively. The genetic map constructed in this study is the most detailed upland cotton intraspecific map based on SSR markers to date, and could be used to construct consensus map or as reference genetic map for tetraploid cotton genome assembly. Stable QTL identified across multiple environments reflect some important and favorable alleles shaping fiber quality, and they are valuable candidate alleles for MAS breeding projects as well as for gene function research related to cotton fiber development and quality improvement.

Along with development of evidence-based medicine and the high frequency of examination of medical records, obtaining the required medical record easily and rapidly is an important link in the task of medical record management. Three kinds of medical record tracers (barcode, two-dimensional code, and RFID electronic label) are introduced into medical record management; the authors comparatively investigate the three key technologies used in medical record tracing, from the perspectives of ability to read information, capacity for storage of information, and current status of technological development, and summarize their features. The technology of the RFID electronic label is found to have significant advantages in the three aspects mentioned above. The authors investigate the superiority of integrating the technology of RFID electronic labeling with that of barcoding or two-dimensional coding in the management of medical records, to compensate for the shortcomings of each technology when used al...

Cotton fiber quality traits are controlled by multiple genes of minor effect. Identification of significant and stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) across environments and populations lays foundation for marker-assisted selection for fiber quality improvement and studies of its molecular regulation. Here, a detailed genetic map is constructed and QTL are detected based on an intraspecific recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between Upland cotton cultivar/line Yumian 1 and 7235. A total of 25,313 SSR primer pairs, including 5,000 developed from G. raimondii BAC-ends sequences, were used to construct the genetic map which finally contained 1,540 loci, spanning 2,842.06 cM, with an average of 1.85 cM between adjacent markers. With 4 year fiber quality traits data, variance analysis revealed that they were significantly affected by genetic and environmental factors. Significant correlations were also detected between them. A total of 62 QTL were identified with combined analysis and single environment analysis. These QTL explain phenotypic variation from 5.0 to 28.1 %. For each trait, favorable alleles were conferred by both parents. Seventeen QTL were detected in more than one environment. The genetic map and stable QTL are valuable for Upland cotton genome research and breeding projects to improve fiber quality.

Objective. To find effective prior intervention measures for improving the reporting quality of hospital information. Methods. Analyzing the effect of improvement in information quality before and after the intervention by the methods of contrast, chi-square and Pareto diagram. Results. The information error rate from June 2013 to October 2013 is significantly lower than that from January 2013 to May 2013; the error rate of blood type value and main diagnostic code is significantly reduced; the error rate of outpatient and emergency diagnostic codes and other diagnostic codes before and after the intervention has no significant difference; the error rate of pathological diagnostic codes and baby information loss is significantly increased. The main error items of information have been effectively improved; we have put an end to the individual errors. Conclusion. The quality of the information report is obviously improved through the prior intervention countermeasures of developing and refining the...

Cotton fiber quality was quantitative trait, controlled by multiple genes. Identification of stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) effectively contributing to favorable fiber quality traits would provide the key basis for marker-assisted selection used in molecular breeding projects. Three upland cotton F2 populations were established with a common parent Chinese cultivar Yumian 1 and three American commercial cultivars/lines (Acala Maxxa, CA3084 and TAM94L-25), each of which had unique fiber quality characteristic that was favorable economically. Three whole genome genetic maps were constructed with 323, 302 and 262 SSR loci for population (Yumian 1 × Acala Maxxa), (Yumian 1 × CA3084), and (Yumian 1 × TAM 94L-25) respectively, spanning 1,617.2, 1,639.9 and 1,441.4 cM. Based on these genetic maps and three generation phenotypic data of fiber quality traits (F2, F2:3 and F2:4), 77 QTL were detected, including 19 for fiber length, 14 for fiber uniformity, 17 for micronaire, 10 for fiber elongation, and 17 for fiber strength. Among these QTL, 46 QTL were significant QTL and 31 were putative QTL, including that one QTL (qFL05.1) and four QTL (qFL23.1, qFM06.1, qFM06.2 and qFE25.1) were detected across three and two populations respectively; two QTL qFL10.1 (Yumian 1 × TAM 94L-25) and qFL15.1 (Yumian 1 × Acala Maxxa) were detected in three generations; qFM23.1, qFE18.1 and qFS21.2 detected in population (Yumian 1 × CA3084), qFE10.1, and qFS10.2 detected in population (Yumian 1 × TAM 94L-25), and qFS15.1 detected in population (Yumian 1 × Acala Maxxa), were all detected in two generations. Alleles underlying these stable QTL were valuable candidate gene for fine mapping, cloning, and favorable gene pyramiding projects. Our study also verified that QTL mapping of fiber quality traits using multiple populations with a common parent had higher efficiency compared to single population crossed with two parents and favorable alleles contributed to QTL effect could be conferred by parents with inferior fiber quality traits.

The present system of medical record copying suffers from certain drawbacks. Patients coming from other cities, and their agents, run around hospitals to copy medical record information, the copying applicant does not have all the necessary certificates with him, etc. Now, attempts are being made to change the ways in which this system works. These days, the medical record copying process and the approval system are illustrated in each ward of a hospital, and medical record copying notices are distributed. A patient is encouraged to inform the doctor-in-charge to copy the hospital discharge medical record and the patient prepares all the necessary and stipulated identification documents. When the patient leaves the hospital, the doctor sends the completed medical record to the medical record room as soon as possible for the purpose of archiving and copying; if the record cannot be transferred to the room for various reasons, the staff at the room register copying reservation for the patient needin...

A high-resolution genetic map is a useful tool for assaying genomic structural variation and clarifying the evolution of polyploid cotton. A total of 36956 SSRs, including 11289 released in previous studies and 25567 which were newly developed based on the genome sequences of G. arboreum and G. raimondii, were utilized to construct a new genetic map. The new high-density genetic map includes 6009 loci and spanned 3863.97 cM with an average distance of 0.64 cM between consecutive markers. Four inversions (one between Chr08 and Chr24, one between Chr09 and Chr23 and two between Chr10 and Chr20) were identified by homology analysis. Comparative genomic analysis between genetic map and two diploid cottons showed that structural variations between the A genome and At subgenome are more extensive than between D genome and Dt subgenome. A total of 17 inversions, seven simple translocations and two reciprocal translocations were identified between genetic map and G. raimondii. Good colinearity was revealed between the corresponding chromosomes of tetraploid G. hirsutum and G. barbadense genomes, but a total of 16 inversions were detected between them. These results will accelerate the process of evolution analysis of Gossipium genus.

Objective. To provide a scientific basis for management of the evaluation and improvement of the quality of hospital medical service, through the investigation and analysis of the occurrence rate of re-entry surgery in a hospital. Method. The cases of re-entry to the operating room and reoperation in one year were retrospectively investigated in a hospital and the SPSS17.0 software was applied for the statistical analysis of the collected data. Result. The number of surgical patients discharged from the hospital in one year was 20,774, and the number of cases of re-entry to the operating room and reoperation was 490, and the re-entry surgery rate was 2.36%. There were 96 cases of unscheduled re-entry surgeries, and the occurrence rate of unscheduled re-entry surgeries was 0.46%. The surgical incision and the operation levels were the important influencing factors in determining whether to perform the unscheduled re-entry surgeries, and the average number of the hospitalization days of the inpatien...

Objective. To analyze problems in medical records information reported in a hospital HQMS and to propose improvement measures. Methods. A statistical analysis of the data reported by HQMS is performed in a 3A general hospital and problems in the data are analyzed. Results. “Hospital Quality Monitoring System” data show that “hospital return, patient safety, quality of care” and other aspects of the data are abnormal; the report data generated, such as the number of discharged patients with the occurrence of pressure sores, the number of patients with neonatal birth trauma and the number of discharged patients with the occurrence of blood transfusion reaction do not match the actual situation; and the main wrong message occurring every day in the HQMS concerns disease coding errors, which accounts for 89%. Conclusion. The system functions of HQMS need constant improvement, information extraction should be given the function of appropriate judgment to reduce the occurrence of errors in logic; hospit...

This work focused on the interaction of polar ceramic particles with the hosting polymers to improve the distribution of particles and the dielectric properties of polymer composites. Polymers incorporating polar ceramic particles were shown to exhibit improved dielectric properties. Both computation and experimental observation were conducted to enhance the understanding of composite dielectric engineering. The electric field was found to be localized at the particle- polymer interface, likely contributing to the polarization of polar particles.

Europium (Eu) doped carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized via a rapid and simple microwave mediated method using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precursor, and characterized in detail. The results were that these as-prepared CDs showed a uniform and small particle size, and exhibit good photostability and high photoluminescence quantum yields. Additionally, it also found that the doped Eu would change the fluorescence properties, which indicates potential applications in the field of biolabeling.

qFS07.1 controlling fiber strength was fine-mapped to a 62.6-kb region containing four annotated genes. RT-qPCR and sequence of candidate genes identified an LRR RLK gene as the most likely candidate. Fiber strength is an important component of cotton fiber quality and is associated with other properties, such as fiber maturity, fineness, and length. Stable QTL qFS07.1, controlling fiber strength, had been identified on chromosome 7 in an upland cotton recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from a cross (CCRI35 × Yumian1) described in our previous studies. To fine-map qFS07.1, an F2 population with 2484 individual plants from a cross between recombinant line RIL014 and CCRI35 was established. A total of 1518 SSR primer pairs, including 1062, designed from chromosome 1 of the Gossypium raimondii genome and 456 from chromosome 1 of the G. arboreum genome (corresponding to the QTL region) were used to fine-map qFS07.1, and qFS07.1 was mapped into a 62.6-kb genome region which contained four annotated genes on chromosome A07 of G. hirsutum. RT-qPCR and comparative analysis of candidate genes revealed a leucine-rich repeat protein kinase (LRR RLK) family protein to be a promising candidate gene for qFS07.1. Fine mapping and identification of the candidate gene for qFS07.1 will play a vital role in marker-assisted selection (MAS) and the study of mechanism of cotton fiber development.

The frequency distribution of five fiber quality traits in 1434-individual F2 population in 2011. (DOCX 607Â kb)

Biased distributions of SSR motifs. (DOC 281Â kb)

Phenotypic frequency distribution of 11 agronomic and yield traits in Yugu1â Ă â Longgu7 F2 families. (DOC 143Â kb)

KEGG analysis results of differentially expressed genes at the 0 DPA ovule and 5 DPA fiber comparing RIL118 and Yumian1. (DOCX 195Â kb)

Patients request an appointment for medical record copying in person or by telephone; the medical record staff accurately register the information of patients through an identity check, and send patients an SMS reminder to collect the medical records; these methods can enable patients to get the copies of the medical records easily, and ensure that the medical record information is complete. This work reflects the “patient-centered” service concept, reduces the time spent by the patients in waiting to copy medical records, effectively improves the efficiency of medical record copying, ensures that patients can get the copied materials of medical records at the appointed time, and improves the service levels and patient satisfaction.

A quality control program, aimed at the problems to be solved in the technology of digitalized copying of medical records, is formed by adopting the process of standardizing the copying process, setting human intervention and system intervention for quality control by specially assigned staff, quality control and setting quality control feedback system and similar measures. The quality control program is integrated with self-inspection, total inspection and sampling inspection for each section including medical record receiving, binding, packaging and delivering, medical record digitizing and similar functions. By adopting the system, the whole-process quality control based on the management of medical records is reinforced, the medical record copying quality is effectively ensured and the medical record management efficiency and level are enhanced accordingly.

Objective. To understand the status and the influence factors of inpatients readmitted within 31 days after discharge in some grade-A class-three general hospital, and to provide the basis for improving the medical service quality and the scientific management of the hospital.Methods. All data in a discharged patient information database in the first half of 2012 in the hospital are imported to Excel2003, and the SPSS17.0 statistical software is applied to perform descriptive analysis and factor analysis on the patients readmitted within 31 days after discharge.Results. The average interval of days of patients from discharge to readmission is 23.26 days, the readmitted patients are mainly from community counties (accounting for 47.59%), wherein 482 cases are unplanned readmission, accounting for 1.01% of all discharged patients and accounting for 31.38% of all readmitted patients. The age, disease, severity degree of the disease, and the like are the important factors affecting the readmission of ...

Objective. To explore the application results of the clinical departments of public hospitals based on BSC performance appraisal indicators. Methods. Based on the BSC concept public hospital clinical department indicators of performance appraisal are built and these indicators are used to assess the clinical departments. Results. By comparing the changes before and after the application of relevant indicators, we can see the application of clinical performance assessment indicators does promote the continuous improvement of the quality of medical care. Conclusion. Exploring the finance, customers, internal operational processes, and learning and growth indicators of four dimensions provided guidance for the hospital to develop clinical indicators of performance appraisal ensured a balanced development of hospital quality and efficiency.

By using baiting techniques and different purification methods, a high number of myxobacterial strains have been isolated as pure cultures from soil of different regions of China. Because myxobacterial cells do not disperse easily in liquid media, a medium containing an enzymatic hydrolysate of casein (CEH) medium have been used for purification and purity tests combined in a single step. The key method, in which isolates are reintroduced to sterile rabbit dung to induce fruiting bodies formation, facilitates purification of myxobacteria. Sterile rabbit dung pellets are used to mimic the natural growth substance of these organisms which has the advantage that characteristic fruiting bodies emerge, which is a key characteristics in the taxonomy of myxobacteria. In this study, the optimum program of isolation and purification of some myxobacteria strains has been established which will facilitate screening programs. Moreover, the development of fruiting body formation of strain BD20 (Chondromyces) and strain BD54 (Cystobacter) have been recorded in this study.

A novel process for synthesizing nylon-6 and poly(ϵ-caprolactone) by microwave irradiation of the respective monomers, ϵ-caprolactam and ϵ-caprolactone, is described. The ring opening of ϵ-caprolactam to produce nylon-6 was performed in a microwave oven by the forward power being controlled to about 90–135 W in the presence of an ω-aminocaproic acid catalyst (10 mol %) and for periods of 1–3 h at temperatures varying from 250 to 280 °C. The ring opening of ϵ-caprolactone to produce poly(ϵ-caprolactone) was performed in a microwave oven by the forward power being controlled to about 70–100 W for a period of 2 h in the presence of stannous octoate with and without 1,4-butanediol over a temperature range of 150–200 °C. The yields, conditions of the reactions, and properties of the products generated relative to the thermal processes are discussed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 2264–2275, 2002

Upland cotton plays a critical role not only in the textile industry, but also in the production of important secondary metabolites, such as oil and proteins. Construction of a high-density linkage map and identifying yield and seed trait quantitative trail loci (QTL) are prerequisites for molecular marker-assisted selective breeding projects. Here, we update a high-density upland cotton genetic map from recombinant inbred lines. A total of 25,313 SSR primer pairs were screened for polymorphism between Yumian 1 and T586, and 1712 SSR primer pairs were used to genotype the mapping population and construct a map. An additional 1166 loci have been added to our previously published map with 509 SSR markers. The updated genetic map spans a total recombinant length of 3338.2 cM and contains 1675 SSR loci and nine morphological markers, with an average interval of 1.98 cM between adjacent markers. Green lint (Lg) mapped on chromosome 15 in a previous report is mapped in an interval of 2.6 cM on chromosome 21. Based on the map and phenotypic data from multiple environments, 79 lint percentage and seed nutrient trait QTL are detected. These include 8 lint percentage, 13 crude protein, 15 crude oil, 8 linoleic, 10 oleic, 13 palmitic, and 12 stearic acid content QTL. They explain 3.5–62.7 % of the phenotypic variation observed. Four morphological markers identified have a major impact on lint percentage and cottonseed nutrients traits. In this study, our genetic map provides new sights into the tetraploid cotton genome. Furthermore, the stable QTL and morphological markers could be used for fine-mapping and map-based cloning.