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To evaluate reliability and global indices parameters from standard automated perimetry (SAP) in normal eyes undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery with implantation of trifocal or extended depth of focus intraocular lens (IOL).Prospective study to evaluate the effect of trifocal IOL AcrySof IQ PanOptix® and extended depth of focus intraocular lens (EDOF) Tecnis Symfony® IOL implantation on visual field parameters. Patients underwent SAP pre- and postoperatively. Reliability indices (false negative rate-FN, false positive rate-FP), global indices (foveal sensitivity threshold, visual field index-VFI, standard pattern deviation-PSD, mean deviation MD) and test duration were analyzed.A total of 23 eyes from 13 patients were in the trifocal IOL group and a total of 22 eyes from 14 patients were in the EDOF group. The following results were obtained by analyzing pre- and postoperative SAP of EDOF IOL: the rate of change of FN was 1.95/1.41% (p = 0.61); FP 1.64/1.27 (p = 0.60); MD - 1.60/- 1.08 dB (p = 0.15); foveal sensitivity was 34.5/33.9 dB (p = 0.41); VFI 98.5/98.4% (p 0.99); PSD 1.85/1.86 (p = 0.07); and for test duration 305.81/298.36 s (p = 0.35); all respectively. Analysis of pre- and postoperative parameters of trifocal IOL were the rates of change of FN 1.22/1.83% (p = 0.29); FP 1.65/1.48% (p = 0.95); MD - 1.55/- 1.37 dB (p = 0.19); foveal sensitivity 33.9/34.9 dB (p = 0.47); VFI 98.6/98.3% (p = 0.62); PSD 1.58/2.05 (p = 0.02); and test duration 297.17/298.57 s (p = 0.87); all respectively.We identified a change in the PSD parameters in the trifocal IOL group. No other significant changes were identified in SAP parameters after implantation of trifocal AcrySof IQ PanOptix® and EDOF Tecnis Symfony® IOL. Longitudinal evaluation showed no changes in SAP after Trifocal and EDOF IOL implantation in normal subjects.

Background: The implantation of the intraocular lens (IOL) is still subject to error and complication, as it can result in traumatic opening of the IOL leading to rupture of the posterior capsule and zonular dialysis, it takes time to train paramedic teams to assemble such IOLs with the manual injectors. Moreover, there is a potential risk of comtamination and endophthalmitis as there is manipulation of the IOL and cartridge. The preloaded IOLs tend to reduce those unwanted results and may optimize the surgical time. Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness and implantation time between three injectors and three intraocular lenses, two pre-loaded and one conventional. Methodology: Videos of thirty patients undergoing cataract surgery from December 2019 to December 2020 at the Hospital Oftalmologico de Brasilia (HOB), Brasilia, Brazil were included in this observational, analytical retrospective study, non randomized. All patients had their surgeries recorded, from which the time of injection and opening of the intraocular lens (IOL) was extracted, 20 eyes were implanted with preloaded intraocular lens, and 10 eyes with conventional IOL implant. The patients were divided into three groups with similar eye characteristics. The first received the AutonoMeTM (CE) injector with the Clareon® IOL, the second the IsertTM injector (I) with the Hoya® IOL, and the third was injected with Johnson & Johnson Platinum 1 Series injector used to deliver Sensar® One AAB00 lens. The Welch test and Tukey’s Post Hoc test were used in the statistical analysis. Results: It was observed that there was a statistical significance regarding the presence of a haptic stuck (5 Clareon vs 0 Sensar and Hoya), between the mean opening time of the IOL optics Sensar One, Hoya and Clareon (25.00 vs 31.40 vs 11.70 s, p < 0.001) and between the total time (the injection time more the opening time of the IOL) in relation to Hoya and Clareon lenses (39.50 s vs 19.60 s, p < 0.001); the total time of the Sensar IOL was 31.30 s. The opening time of the IOL optics was significantly longer for the Sensar One and Hoya groups compared to Clareon group, and the total time of Hoya group was significantly longer compared to the total time of the Clareon group. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the choice of injector and IOL set can significantly affect the total time of IOL implantation. However, there was no difference regarding complications and collateral damage depending on the set chosen for the implant.

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the visual outcomes and subjective visual quality between bilateral implantation of an extended depth of focus intraocular lens, JJ postoperative CDVA was -0.05 and 0.06 logMAR (P

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of four different types of speculums on aberrometry reading (OPD SCAN III [OPD]) and on intraoperative aberrometry reading (optiwave response analyzer, ORA). Patients and methods This prospective, controlled, comparative study of consecutive cases included the evaluation of five eyes of five patients with monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Seventeen measures were performed on each patient: for each speculum, there were two measurements on the OPD and another two on ORA with four different types of blepharostats. A control measure was performed on the without blepharostat in the dominant eye of each patient, therefore totalizing 85 measurements. The measures with the blepharostats were as follows: without pressure (WF) or passive measure and after pressure (AF) or active measure to close the eye. The speculum used in all patients was as follows: open-edged wire (Barraquer); threaded with open blade (Lieberman), with 21 mm aperture; wired with solid blade (Barraquer); and threaded with solid blade (Lieberman) with 21 mm opening. An evaluation of the objective refractive data from the OPD and ORA and the corneal astigmatism from the OPD was performed. Results Spherical equivalent (SE) of the OPD with the use of blepharostat compared to the OPD without speculum presented only 37.5% of results without statistical significance. Regarding the SE of ORA with speculum usage, compared to the OPD without blepharostat, only 12.5% were not significant. Regarding the accuracy of the ORA refractive axis with the use of blepharostats, all results presented statistical significance. Conclusion Thus, in the present study, we reached the conclusion between the studied blepharostats that the most suitable for use in the aphakic and pseudophakic capture of the ORA is the open blade threaded blepharostat (Lieberman).

Mario Augusto Pereira Dias Chaves,1–3 André Lins de Medeiros,1,2 César Martins Cortez Vilar,1,2,4 Klayne Rafaella Pereira Magalhães,2 Michelle Rodrigues Gonçalves,3 Patrick Frenzel de Moraes Tzelikis,1,2,5 Wilson Takashi Hida,1,2,5,6 Pedro Carlos Carricondo,2,5 Milton Ruiz Alves2,5 1Brasília Ophthalmologic Hospital (HOB), Department of Cataract, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; 2Renato Ambrosio Ophthalmologic Study Center (CEORA), Brasília, Federal District, Brazil; 3Provisão Paraíba Ophthalmologic Hospital, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; 4Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; 5São Paulo University School of Medicine (FM-USP), Department of Ophthalmology, São Paulo, Brazil; 6São Paulo Federal University of School of Medicine (UNIFESP), Department of Ophthalmology, São Paulo, Brazil Purpose: To assess the stability and reliability of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) incisions design and dimensions using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) imaging.Setting: Renato Ambrósio Ophthalmologic Study Center from Hospital Oftalmológico de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.Design: Prospective nonrandomized controlled case series.Methods: Eyes undergoing FLACS with triplanar main temporal clear corneal incision (CCI) were evaluated at the end of the case. Eyes that required any incision hydration, surgical complications or lacked follow-up were excluded. The AS-OCT was performed after femtosecond delivery; at the end of the case; at 1 day and at 30 days after surgery. Data of pachymetry, endothelial and epithelial gaps, Descemet detachment and CCI architecture were compared.Results: Eleven eyes from 11 patients completed follow-up. Corneal thickness was statistically different between after femtosecond delivery and the end of the case (P-value

Purpose To compare intraoperative parameters between venturi and peristaltic pump in WhiteStar Signature® phacoemulsification machine using the bevel-down technique. Setting Hospital Oftalmologico de Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil. Design Prospective, comparative, patient-masked study. Methods Three hundred eyes were randomly assigned to have a phacoemulsification procedure with WhiteStar Signature® using either peristaltic (n=150 eyes) or venturi (n=150 eyes) pumps by a single surgeon (WTH). Elliptical ultrasound setting and prefracture (prechop or preslice) techniques were used in all cases. Cataract nucleus density was graded using lens opacities classification system III and Pentacam Nucleus Staging classification. Clinical measurements included preoperative- and postoperative- corrected visual acuity, preoperative and 2-month postoperative endothelial cell counts, and preoperative and 1-day postoperative central corneal thickness. Intraoperative measurements at the end of the case were phaco time, fluid used, total case time, and Efx energy. Results There were no statistically significant differences between groups regarding age, cataract density, and phaco time (P>0.05). Intraoperatively, we observed significantly less ultrasound energy (P=0.011), case time (P=0.0001), and balanced saline solution (P=0.001) usage in the venturi group. Clinically, both fluidic settings can provide similar clinical outcomes and visual recovery, regarding corrected distance visual acuity, endothelial cell count, and central corneal thickness. Conclusion Our data show that to minimize fluid use, case time, and energy with the prefracture technique, the venturi pump was the most efficient system and was statistically superior to peristaltic pump.

PURPOSE: To clinically evaluate visual performance of the AcrySof IQ PanOptix TFNT00 and AT LISA tri 839MP intraocular lenses (IOLs) in binocular visual acuity (VA) and to characterize low-contrast visual performance at 6 months postimplantation. SETTING: Multicenter, 15 sites. DESIGN: Prospective, parallel-group, randomized, double-masked, postmarketing clinical study. METHODS: Binocular uncorrected distance (UDVA, 4 m), intermediate (UIVA, 60 cm), and near (UNVA, 40 cm) visual acuities and binocular defocus curves were evaluated under photopic lighting conditions. Photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivities with and without glare were assessed. RESULTS: The study included 182 subjects (62% women; mean age, 66 ± 9.4 years) who were implanted bilaterally with the TFNT00 IOL (n = 93) or 839MP IOL (n = 89), and binocular VA was evaluated 4 to 6 months (120-180 days) postimplantation. The TFNT00 IOL group showed superior visual outcomes compared with the 839MP IOL group in binocular UIVA (P = .001) and UNVA (P = .003) and noninferior outcomes in UDVA (95% CI, -0.023 to 0.041; upper limit

Purpose: To compare the postoperative refractive predictability of IOLMaster 500 and Pentacam HR on the basis of keratometry and anterior chamber depth values in eyes with an indication for multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted on 118 eyes treated with phacoemulsification and multifocal intraocular lens implantation. Only the eyes that achieved emmetropia in the dynamic refraction performed on postoperative day 30 were included. Haigis’ formula was used in each case to calculate the intraocular lens power, and the intraocular lens with the target refraction closest to emmetropia was implanted. Four lens calculation scenarios were tested by combining keratometry and anterior chamber depth measurements obtained using the two devices. Results: IOLMaster 500 and Pentacam HR differed with regard to mean keratometry (D 0.07 ± 0.03 D; p=0.0065) and anterior chamber depth (D 0.08 ± 0.01 mm; p

To assess the clinical outcomes after implantation of a new 340-degree arc length intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) aided by the femtosecond laser in postkeratoplasty patients after a 12-month follow-up.Private practice, Brasilia, Brazil.Prospective case series.Eyes with previous keratoplasty had ICRS implantation assisted by femtosecond laser. The primary outcome measure was the change in the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) 12 months postoperatively. The secondary outcome measures were the corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refraction, and corneal tomography 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The astigmatism results were analyzed using vector analysis through the double-angle polar plot.Of the 18 patients, 7 (38.9%) were men, and 11 (61.1%) were women. The mean UDVA was 20/250 (1.15 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR]) before implantation and 20/70 (0.54 logMAR) at the last follow-up (P.001). The mean CDVA improved from 20/35 (0.26 logMAR) to 20/25 (0.10 logMAR) (P.001). The mean spherical equivalent and astigmatism components were significantly reduced after ICRS implantation. The mean corneal astigmatism decreased from 5.55 ± 2.29 D preoperatively to 3.92 ± 1.82 D postoperatively (P.001). The CDVA remained the same or improved in 19 of 20 eyes and decreased by 1 line in 1 patient. There were no surgical complications.A new ICRS with a 340-degree arc length was effective in treating postkeratoplasty eyes, improving visual acuity and reducing corneal astigmatism.

André Lins de Medeiros,1–4 André Gustavo de Araújo Rolim,1,2 Antonio Francisco Pimenta Motta,2,5 Bruna Vieira Ventura,3,6 César Vilar,1,2,7 Mário Augusto Pereira Dias Chaves,1–3,8 Pedro Carlos Carricondo,2,5 Wilson Takashi Hida1,2,5 1Cataract Department, Hospital Oftalmológico de Brasília, 2Cataract Department, Centro de Estudos Oftalmológicos Renato Ambrósio, Brasília,3Cataract Department, Fundação Altino Ventura, Recife, Brazil; 4Cataract Department, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; 5Cataract Department, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 6Cataract Department, Hospital de Olhos de Pernambuco, Recife, 7Cataract Department, Hospital de Olhos Francisco Vilar, Teresina, 8Cataract Department, ProVisão, João Pessoa, Brazil Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the visual outcomes and subjective visual quality between bilateral implantation of a diffractive trifocal intraocular lens, Alcon Acrysof IQ® PanOptix® TNFT00 (group A), and blended implantation of an extended depth of focus lens, J&J Tecnis Symfony® ZXR00 with a diffractive bifocal intraocular lens, J&J Vision Tecnis® ZMB00 (group B).Methods: This prospective, nonrandomized, consecutive, comparative study included the assessment of 40 eyes in 20 patients implanted with multifocal intraocular lens. Exclusion criteria were existence of any corneal, retina, or optic nerve disease, previous eye surgery, illiteracy, previous refractive surgery, high axial myopia, expected postoperative corneal astigmatism of >1.00 cylindrical diopter (D), and intraoperative or postoperative complications. Binocular visual acuity was tested in all cases. Ophthalmological evaluation included the measurement of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), and uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA), with the analysis of contrast sensitivity (CS), and visual defocus curve.Results: Postoperative UDVA was 0.01 and −0.096 logMAR (p

PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy of Optiwave Refractive Analysis (ORA) intraoperative aberrometry (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX) with preoperative biometry in predicting residual refractive error after cataract surgery in eyes that underwent radial keratotomy. METHODS: This was a prospective consecutive case series of patients with cataract and prior radial keratotomy. Each patient underwent a preoperative intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation using partial coherence interferometry (IOLMaster version 5; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). For each eye, the Barrett True-K formula was used to select an IOL targeting emmetropia. Residual refractive error was predicted preoperatively using the SRK/T, Hoffer Q, Haigis, and Holladay formulas 1 and 2, and the ORA intraoperatively. Between 8 and 12 weeks after cataract extraction with IOL implantation, the postoperative refraction was compared with the preoperative and intraoperative predictions. RESULTS: The study comprised 52 eyes of 34 patients. The median absolute errors associated with each method were as follows: Barrett True-K formula (0.34), ORA aberrometer (0.53), and SRK/T (0.54), Hoffer Q (0.51), Haigis (0.54), SRK/T (0.57), and Holladay formulas 1 and 2 (0.44) ( P = .08). The proportion of patients within ±0.50 diopters of the predicted error was 63.5%, 48.1%, 44.2%, 48.1%, 53.8%, 36.5%, and 57.7%, respectively ( P = .03). No statistically significant difference was observed in the number of eyes with hyperopic outcomes ( P = .68). CONCLUSIONS: In eyes with prior radial keratotomy surgery, the ORA aberrometer performance was similar to the Barrett True-K formula and all of the other established formulas, with no significant difference between median absolute error and mean absolute error. The Barrett True-K formula produced significantly more eyes within ±0.50 diopters than the SRK/T, Hoffer Q, and Holladay 1 formulas. [ J Refract Surg. 2019;35(10):656–661.]

Purpose To compare intraoperative parameters between venturi and peristaltic pump in WhiteStar Signature® phacoemulsification machine using the bevel-down technique. Setting Hospital Oftalmológico de Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil. Design Prospective, comparative, patient-masked study. Methods Three hundred eyes were randomly assigned to have a phacoemulsification procedure with WhiteStar Signature® using either peristaltic (n=150 eyes) or venturi (n=150 eyes) pumps by a single surgeon (WTH). Elliptical ultrasound setting and prefracture (prechop or preslice) techniques were used in all cases. Cataract nucleus density was graded using lens opacities classification system III and Pentacam Nucleus Staging classification. Clinical measurements included preoperative- and postoperative- corrected visual acuity, preoperative and 2-month postoperative endothelial cell counts, and preoperative and 1-day postoperative central corneal thickness. Intraoperative measurements at the end of the case were phaco time, fluid used, total case time, and Efx energy. Results There were no statistically significant differences between groups regarding age, cataract density, and phaco time (P>0.05). Intraoperatively, we observed significantly less ultrasound energy (P=0.011), case time (P=0.0001), and balanced saline solution (P=0.001) usage in the venturi group. Clinically, both fluidic settings can provide similar clinical outcomes and visual recovery, regarding corrected distance visual acuity, endothelial cell count, and central corneal thickness. Conclusion Our data show that to minimize fluid use, case time, and energy with the prefracture technique, the venturi pump was the most efficient system and was statistically superior to peristaltic pump.

To compare the antiinflammatory efficacy of topical nepafenac 0.3% for prophylaxis of macular edema after cataract extraction.São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.Prospective randomized clinical trial.Patients with bilateral cataract were included in this study. Each patient was assigned randomly to receive nepafenac 0.3% drops in 1 eye and a placebo in the fellow eye. The primary outcome measure was the change in the mean spectral-domain optical coherence tomography central subfield thickness 5 weeks postoperatively. The secondary outcome measures were the total macular volume 1, 5, and 12 weeks postoperatively; the percentage of patients in both groups who developed macular edema, and the corrected distance visual acuity within 5 weeks and 12 weeks after cataract surgery.The study comprised 224 eyes of 112 patients. For all retinal thickness measurements, a significant increase in both groups was detected starting from the first postoperative week until 12 weeks. At 5 weeks, there was a statistically significant difference in central subfield thickness and total macular volume between the nepafenac group and control group (P = .01 and P .001, respectively). At the fifth postoperative week, no eye in the nepafenac group and 4 eyes (3.57%) in the control group had macula edema, highlighting a trend toward a greater incidence in the control group. The between-group differences in visual outcomes were not statistically significant.Used prophylactically after cataract surgery, nepafenac 0.3% was efficacious in reducing macular thickness compared with a placebo 5 weeks postoperatively, without a difference in final visual acuity.

Purpose To compare the anti-inflammatory efficacy of ketorolac of tromethamine 0.4% and nepafenac 0.1% eye drops for prophylaxis of cystoid macular oedema (CME) after small-incision cataract extraction. Methods Patients were assigned randomly to three groups. Group 1 patients received a topical artificial tear substitute (placebo); group 2 received ketorolac tromethamine 0.4% (Acular LS, Allergan) and group 3 received nepafenac 0.1% (Nevanac, Alcon). The incidence and severity of CME were evaluated by retinal foveal thickness on optical coherence tomography (OCT) after 1, 4 and 12 weeks. Results One hundred and twenty-six eyes of 126 patients were included in this study. The between-group differences in visual outcomes, central corneal thickness and endothelial cell density were not statistically significant. In all retinal thickness measurements, an increase was detected starting from the postoperative first week until 12 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference between the three groups in any measurement performed by spectral-domain OCT. Conclusions Used prophylactically after uneventful cataract surgery, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were not efficacious in preventing macular oedema compared with placebo. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials: NCT02084576.

César Vilar,1,2 Wilson Takashi Hida,1–3 André Lins de Medeiros,1,2 Klayny Rafaella Pereira Magalhães,2 Patrick Frensel de Moraes Tzelikis,1,2 Mario Augusto Pereira Dias Chaves,2,4 Antônio Francisco Pimenta Motta,2,3 Pedro Carlos Carricondo,1–3 Milton Ruiz Alves,3 Walton Nosé5 1Cataract Division, Brasília Ophthalmologic Hospital (HOB), Brasília-DF, Brazil; 2Renato Ambrosio Ophthalmologic Research Center (CEORA), 3Ophthalmology Department, São Paulo University – USP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil; 4Cataract Division, ProVisão, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil; 5Ophthalmology Department, Paulista Medical School – UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil Purpose: To compare visual outcomes and performance between bilateral implantation of a diffractive trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) Acrysof®PanOptix® TFNT00 and blended implantation of two different near add power bifocal IOLs: Acrysof® Restor® SV25T0 in dominant eye and Acrysof® Restor® SN6AD1 in the nondominant eye.Methods: This prospective, nonrandomized, consecutive and comparative study assessed 20 patients (40 eyes) who had bilateral cataract surgery performed using the IOLs described. Patients were divided into groups, bilateral trifocal implant and blended implant. Evaluation included measurement of binocular uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity at 4m (UDVA, CDVA) and uncorrected intermediate (60 cm) and near (at 40 cm) visual acuity; contrast sensitivity (CS) and visual defocus curve.Results: Postoperative CDVA comparison showed no statistical significance between groups. UDVA was significantly better in the trifocal groups. Under photopic conditions, the trifocal group had better CS in higher frequencies with and without glare. The binocular defocus curve demonstrated a trifocal behavior in both groups, with the bilateral trifocal group exhibiting better performance for intermediate vision.Conclusion: Both lens combinations were able to provide good near, intermediate and distance vision, with the trifocal group showing significantly better performance at intermediate distances and better CS under photopic conditions. Keywords: trifocal, blend, cataract surgery, IOL, multifocal, presbyopia

Wilson Takashi Hida,1–4 Patrick Frenzel Tzelikis,1–3 César Vilar,1,2 Mario Augusto Pereira Dias Chaves,1,2,5 Antônio Francisco Pimenta Motta,1–3 Pedro Carlos Carricondo,1–3 Bruna Vieira Ventura,1,2,4,6 Renato Ambrosio Junior,1–3 Walton Nosé,1,2,4 Milton Ruiz Alves1–3 1Department of Cataract of Brasília Ophthalmology Hospital (HOB), Brasília, Federal District, 2Renato Ambrosio Research Center (CEORA), Brasília, Federal District, 3Department of Ophthalmology of São Paulo University School of Medicine, (FM-USP), São Paulo, 4Department of Ophthalmology of São Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP) School of Medicine, São Paulo, 5ProVisão Hospital, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 6Pernanbuco Eye Hospital (HOPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare intraoperative parameters between femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification using Centurion® Vision System with Active Fluidics. Setting: This study was performed at Brasília Ophthalmologic Hospital, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil. Patients and methods: This was a prospective randomized comparative study. Patients with the diagnosis of cataract and surgical extraction programmed were divided into two groups: conventional phacoemulsification and FLACS. Intraoperative data were collected and submitted for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 400 eyes were enrolled, 200 in each group. There were no surgical complications. Groups were statistically equivalent in age and nucleus density. Cumulative dissipated energy and torsional time were significantly reduced in the FLACS group. Conventional surgery had less fluid usage, total case time and aspiration (ASP) time. Conclusion: FLACS with Active Fluidics System can reduce the ultrasound energy use during cataract surgery, in spite of increasing case time, fluid usage and ASP time. Keywords: FLACS, ultrasound, aspiration

Purpose: To assess the postoperative outcomes of a novel toric multifocal in traocular lens (IOL) in patients with cataract and corneal astigmatism. Methods: This prospective nonrandomized study included patients with cataract, corneal astigmatism, and a motivation for spectacle independence. In all patients, a Rayner M-flex® T toric IOL was implanted in the capsular bag. Three months after surgery, the distance, intermediate, and near visual acuities; spherical equivalent; residual refractive astigmatism; defocus curve; and contrast sensitivity were evaluated. A patient satisfaction and visual phenomena questionnaire was administered to all patients. Results: Thirty-four eyes of 18 patients were included in this study. Three months after surgery, the mean corrected distance visual acuity (logMAR) was 0.00 ± 0.08 at 6 m, 0.20 ± 0.09 at 70 cm, and 0.08 ± 0.11 at 40 cm. Uncorrected distance vision acuity was 20/40 or better in 100% eyes. The preoperative mean refractive cylinder (RC) was -2.19 (SD: ± 0.53). After a 3-month follow-up, the average RC was -0.44 D (SD: ± 0.27; p

Objetivos: Comparar a performance visual dos pacientes submetidos ao implante das lentes intraoculares multifocais difrativas Tecnis® MF ZM900, Acrysof® Restor® SN60D3, Acrysof® SN60WF e Acrysof® SN60AT. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo comparativo, não randomizado, que incluiu 142 olhos de 71 pacientes com catarata, provenientes do ambulatório de oftalmologia do HC- FMUSP. A avaliação oftalmológica contou com medida da acuidade visual para longa, intermediária e curta distância, sem correção e com a melhor correção óptica, teste de sensibilidade ao contraste, pupilometria e análise de frente de onda por meio do aberrômetro. Um questionário de satisfação foi realizado para avaliar a acuidade visual, glare e halos. Todos os exames foram realizados com seis meses de pós-operatório. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 60,7 ± 6,6 anos no grupo Tecnis, 63,1 ± 4,4 anos no grupo Restor e 63,7 ± 4,2 anos no grupo monofocal (SN60AT no olho contralateral SN60WF). A acuidade visual para perto não corrigida e corrigida para longe foi estatisticamente superior nos grupos multifocal Restor e multifocal Tecnis em comparação ao grupo monofocal SN60AT/SN60WF (p

OBJETIVO: Determinar o efeito de gatifloxacina 0,3% tópica, nas culturas de humor aquoso humano, instilada quatro vezes ao dia por três dias antes de facoemulsificação comparada a uma gota gatifloxacina 0,3% tópica instilada imediatamente antes da cirurgia. MÉTODOS: Trinta e sete pacientes com catarata sem outras afecções oculares foram distribuídos aleatoriamente nos Grupos A e B antes da facoemulsificação. Os pacientes do Grupo A receberam uma gota de gatifloxacina 0,3% imediatamente antes da cirurgia e o Grupo B recebeu gatifloxacina 0,3% quatro vezes ao dia três dias antes do procedimento. Após a facoemulsificação, o humor aquoso foi aspirado e semeado em meios de ágar-sangue, ágar-chocolate, Saboraud e TSB. Foi realizado esfregaço para bacterioscopia. RESULTADOS: O Grupo B apresentou 40% das lâminas bacterioscópicas com cocos gram +. O Grupo B apresentou 17,6% de cocos gram + na bacterioscopia, estes resultados não foram estatisticamente significativos (p=0,098). Cinco casos (25%) do Grupo A apresentaram culturas positivas para Staphylococos epidermidis, resultado significativamente maior do que o Grupo B, que não apresentou nenhuma cultura positiva para bactérias ou fungos. CONCLUSÃO: Neste estudo, a gatifloxacina 0,3% instilada três dias antes da facoemulsificação diminuiu significativamente o número de culturas do humor aquoso positivas quando comparada à instilação imediata de uma gota.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse estudo é comparar acuidade visual, sensibilidade ao contraste, velocidade de leitura e a qualidade de vida pós-operatória de pacientes pseudofácicos unilaterais ou bilaterais com lentes intraoculares multifocais ReZoom. MÉTODOS: Estudo comparativo, prospectivo, não aleatório incluindo 38 olhos de 24 pacientes, separados em um grupo com implante bilateral (14 pacientes) e outro com implante unilateral (10 pacientes). O exame oftalmológico completo incluiu acuidade visual não corrigida pré-operatória para perto, intermediário e para longe, acuidade visual com melhor correção, topografia corneal, sensibilidade ao contraste, velocidade de leitura e escala de satisfação realizado 60 dias após a cirurgia. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes de Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney e Qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS: Os resultados comparando função visual, sensibilidade ao contraste, velocidade de leitura e escala de satisfação foram semelhante entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve diferença estatística entre os resultados comparando função visual, sensibilidade ao contraste, velocidade de leitura e escala de satisfação entre os grupos.

Purpose: Compare the OPD-scan results and the contrast sensitivity in patients who had implantation of the AcrySof SN60D3 multifocal IOL, the AcrySof SA60AT spheric monofocal IOL and the AcrySof SN60AT aspheric monofocal IOL. Methods: Thirty-two eyes received the multifocal IOL, 32 eyes received the spheric monofocal IOL and 32 eyes received the aspheric monofocal IOL. They were closely paired in age, sex, pre-operative wavefront analysis and contrast sensitivity. All patients was tested with the OPD-scan aberrometer, ETDRS chart at 100% and 9% contrasts and contrast sensitivity. Results: Statistically significant differences were detected more total aberration in SN60AT group (KW = 9.42; p=0.009) when compared to SN60D3 group (p=0.016) and SN60WF group (p=0.0047). The SN60AT group (KW = 16.20; p=0.0003) showed with high spherical aberration values compared to the SN60WF (p=0.00046) and SN60D3 (p=0.0014) group. No significant differences were found between groups in far-distance VA measured using ETDRS at 100% and 9% contrast. The SN60D3 group compared to SN60AT group (p=0.016) had low contrast sensitivity (log units) with statistical difference in 6.0 cpd (KW = 7.84; p=0.0199), but no statistical difference between SN60WF and SN60AT group (p=0.91) and SN60WF and SN60D3 group (p=0.051). The SN60D3 group had low contrast sensitivity performed under mesopic conditions (KW = 10.79; p=0,0045) in 6cpd spatial frequency compared to the SN60AT group (p=0.011) and to the SN60WF group (p=0.007) with statistical significant differences. Conclusion: In all analyzed parameters of OPD-scan aberrometry the aspheric and the multifocal IOLs provided less total and spherical aberrations than spheric IOLs. All IOLs provided an excellent high and low contrasts vision, the multifocal IOL was as good as the spheric and aspheric monofocal IOLs. Objetivo: Comparar a sensibilidade ao contraste e análise de "wavefront" com OPD-scan em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de facoemulsificação com implantes de lentes intraoculares AcrySof SN60D3 multifocal, AcrySof SN60WF monofocal asférica e AcrySof SA60AT monofocal esférica. Métodos: Trinta e dois olhos com a lente intraocular multifocal, 32 olhos com a lente intraocular monofocal asférica e 32 olhos com a lente intraocular monofocal esférica. A avaliação oftalmológica foi realizada no primeiro, terceiro, sétimo, e nonagésimo dia pós-operatório. Todos os exames foram padronizados, realizada por um único examinador sob condições controladas de luminosidade fotópicas estabelecidas em 85 cd/m², medida por meio de tabelas de ETDRS, sensibilidade ao contraste e análise de aberrometria com OPD-Scan. Resultados: As médias de aberração total foi superior no grupo SN60AT (KW = 9.42; p=0.009) quando comparada com o grupo SN60D3 (p=0.016) e o grupo SN60WF (p=0.0047). O grupo SN60AT (KW = 16.20; p=0.0003) apresentou superioridade nas medias de aberração esférica comparada com o grupo SN60WF (p=0.00046) e o grupo SN60D3 (p=0.0014). Nenhuma diferença significante foi encontrada na acuidade visual para longe com e sem correção óptica com a tabela de ETDRS a 100% e 9% de contraste. O grupo SN60D3 comparada a SN60AT (p=0.016) apresentou baixa sensibilidade ao contraste em condições fotópicas com diferença estatística a 6.0 cpg (KW = 7.84; p=0.0199), mas sem diferença estatística entre os grupos SN60WF e SN60AT (p=0.91) e entre os grupos SN60WF e SN60D3 (p=0.051). O grupo SN60D3 apresentou baixa sensibilidade ao contraste em condições mesópicas (KW = 10.79; p=0,0045) a 6cpg quando comparada com o grupos SN60AT (p=0.011) e SN60WF (p=0.007). Conclusão: As lentes intraoculares multifocais e asféricas apresentaram menos aberração esférica quando comparadas à lente intraocular esférica, além da prevista multifocalidade sem correção para longe e perto. Entretanto, o grupo multifocal apresentou baixa sensibilidade ao contraste.

PURPOSE: To compare the visual outcome, contrast sensitivity and wavefront analysis of patients that underwent cataract surgery and implantation of AcrySof SN60D3 multifocal intraocular lens with those who received the AcrySof SN60AT monofocal IOL. METHODS: This was a prospective clinical trial of forty eyes that received the multifocal IOL and thirty-two eyes that received the monofocal IOL after phacoemulsification. RESULTS: Values for total and spherical aberrations in the multifocal group were statistically lower than in the monofocal group. In the monofocal group, 75% achieved uncorrected intermediate visual acuities between Jaeger 1 and 6. In the multifocal group, 75% of the eyes achieved more than Jaeger 6. At least 87.5% of the multifocal group and 6.3% of the monofocal group achieved monocular uncorrected near acuity of 20/30 (J2, N5) or better. And 90.0% of the eyes in the multifocal group and 37.5% in the monofocal group achieved an uncorrected near acuity of 20/40 (J3, N6) or better. The mean spherical error was 0.11 D in the multifocal group and -0.18 D in the monofocal group (p=0.0379). The SN60D3 group compared to SN60AT group had low contrast sensitivity (log units) with statistically significant differences in 6.0 cpd in photopic conditions (p=0.014) and the SN60D3 group compared to SN60AT group had higher contrast sensitivity (log units) under mesopic conditions (p=0.044). CONCLUSION: The multifocal IOLs induced less spherical aberration than monofocal IOLs and predictably good uncorrected distance and uncorrected near acuities. However, contrast sensitivity was lower in the multifocal group.OBJETIVO: Comparar a performance visual, sensibilidade ao contraste e de wavefront com OPD-Scan em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular AcrySof SN60D3 multifocal e AcrySof SA60AT monofocal. MÉTODOS: Quarenta olhos com a lente intraocular multifocal e trinta e dois olhos com a lente intraocular monofocal. A avaliação oftalmológica contou com medida da acuidade visual para longe, intermediária e curta distância, sem correção e com a melhor correção óptica, teste de sensibilidade ao contraste e análise de frente de onda por meio do aberrômetro OPD-Scan. RESULTADOS: As aberração total e aberração esférica no grupo multifocal foi estatisticamente inferior comparada com o grupo monofocal. No grupo monofocal 75% apresentaram acuidade visual monocular intermediária sem correção entre Jaeger 1 e 6, no grupo multifocal 75% apresentaram mais que Jaeger 6. Aproximadamente 87,5% do grupo multifocal e 6,3% do grupo monofocal apresentaram acuidade visual monocular sem correção para perto de 20/30 (J2, N5), ou melhor, e 90,0% dos olhos do grupo multifocal e 37,5% do grupo monofocal apresentaram acuidade visual monocular sem correção para perto de 20/40 (J3, N6) ou melhor. A média de erro esférico foi de 0,11 D no grupo multifocal e -0,18 D no grupo monofocal (p=0,0379). O grupo monofocal apresentou superioridade estatística na sensibilidade ao contraste em condições fotópicas (p=0,014) e mesópicas (p=0,0044) a 6 cpg quando comparada ao grupo multifocal. CONCLUSÃO: A lente intraocular multifocal apresentou menos aberração esférica comparada à lente intraocular monofocal, da prevista multifocalidade sem correção para longe e perto. Entretanto, o grupo multifocal apresentou baixa sensibilidade ao contraste.

PURPOSE: To compare the intraoperative safety of two techniques of capsulorhexis for intumescent white cataracts: traditional one-stage continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and two-stage continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis. METHODS: This prospective comparative randomized study included two groups: the 1-CCC group (11 patients) received traditional one-stage continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis with 5–6 mm diameter, and the 2-CCC (13 patients) group received a deliberately small continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis that was secondarily enlarged, or a two-stage continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis. Patients were stratified according to cataract subset, which was characterized echographically. Six patients were considered as type 1, fifteen as type 2 and three as type 3. Type 1 included intumescent white cataracts with cortex liquefaction and extensive internal acoustic reflections, type 2 included white cataracts with voluminous nuclei, a small amount of whitish solid cortex, and minimal internal acoustic reflections, and type 3 included white cataracts with fibrous anterior capsules and few internal echo spikes. RESULTS: With the one-stage technique, 46.15% of patients had leakage of the liquefied cortex; in addition, the surgeon perceived high intracapsular pressure in 61.53% of cases. Anterior capsule tears occurred in 23.07% of cases, discontinuity of capsulorhexis in 30.79% of cases and no posterior capsular rupture occurred. With the two-stage technique, leakage of the liquefied cortex occurred in 45.45% of cases; additionally, the surgeon perceived high intracapsular pressure in 36.36% of cases. No anterior capsule tears, discontinuity of capsulorhexis or posterior capsular rupture occurred. Considering each cataract subset, there was a higher incidence of leakage for type 2 as compared to types 1 and 3. CONCLUSIONS: Two-stage continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis helps prevent unexpected radial tears of the initial capsulotomy from high intracapsular pressure, sudden radialization of the CCC and other intraoperative complications due to high intracapsular pressure, thus providing a safe cataract surgery in cases of white cataracts. These findings were supported by ultrasonography.

PURPOSE: To assess the influence of some forms of lenticular opacification in the Amsler grid test among patients suffering from senile cataract. METHODS: Randomized, prospective interventional trial. Two hundred patients with senile cataract were evaluated with Amsler grid, measurement of best corrected visual acuity for near distance and far distance, biomicroscopy of the anterior segment and macular region. RESULTS: With a two months minimum of follow-up, the average visual acuity after surgery for far distance among the 200 patients was 0.48 logMAR, 11 (5.5%) had changes in the Amsler grid test before surgery. After surgery, from the 11 subjects with changes in the preoperative Amsler grid test, 10 had no more changes in the Amsler grid. These 10 subjects had postoperative best corrected visual acuity of 20/20, and Jaeger 1, no abnormalities of the fundus having been detected. Under this study conditions, the prevalence of changes in the Amsler grid test was 5.5%, and in 5% of the patients these changes were likely related to cataract whereas in 0.5% they were related to vitreous opacification. CONCLUSION: Some patient with cataract showed changes in the Amsler grid test that can be directly related to cataract, in the absence of clinically detected macular disorders.

OBJETIVOS: Comparar o desempenho visual e a análise de frente de onda entre as lentes intra-oculares (LIOs) multifocal difrativa Tecnis® ZM900 asférica e AcrySof® Restor® esférica SN60D3. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo prospectivo comparativo que incluiu 78 olhos de 39 pacientes. A avaliação oftalmológica contou com medida da acuidade visual para longe, intermediária e curta distância, sem correção e com a melhor correção óptica, teste de sensibilidade ao contraste e análise de frente de onda por meio do aberrômetro OPD-Scan. RESULTADOS: Acuidade visual para longe e para perto sem correção óptica e análise de aberrometria foram estatisticamente semelhantes em relação a ambas as LIOs; já a visão intermediária e a sensibilidade ao contraste em condições fotópicas revelaram diferença estatisticamente significante entre as duas lentes a favor da Tecnis ZM900. CONCLUSÃO: Ambas as lentes intra-oculares promoveram excelente visão para longe e para perto em situações de alto contraste. A LIO Tecnis multifocal necessita de menos luminosidade para visão em situações de alto contraste, apresenta menos aberrações ópticas e melhor visão intermediária que a LIO ResTor.PURPOSE: Comparison of the visual performance and wavefront analysis between patients with Tecnis® ZM900 aspheric and AcrySof ReStor® SN60D3 spheric diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses (IOL). METHODS: This prospective comparative study included 78 eyes of 39 patients. The performed ophthalmologic evaluation included near, intermediate and distance corrected and uncorrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity measurement (under photopic and mesopic conditions) and wavefront analysis with the OPD-Scan aberrometrer. RESULTS: Uncorrected near and distance visual acuity and aberrometry analysis were similar with both intraocular lenses; nevertheless, intermediate visual acuity and contrast sensitivity under photopic conditions were statistically better with Tecnis ZM900. CONCLUSION: Both studied intraocular lenses promoted excellent near and distance postoperative visual acuity, in high contrast situations. Tecnis ZM900 IOL provided good quality of vision with high contrast condition in low luminosity with reduction in spherical aberration and improvements in intermediate visual acuity when compared to Restor IOL.

O implante de lentes intra-oculares (LIOs) multifocais é um grande avanço na reabilitação de pacientes permitindo boa acuidade visual sem correção óptica para longe e perto. Contudo pacientes com alguns graus de astigmatismo corneano tem indicação limitada. Este artigo relata três pacientes que foram submetidas a facoemulsificação com implante de lentes intra-oculares multifocais (AcrySof® Restor®, Alcon Labs) após incisão relaxante limbar (IRL) no olho dominante e incisão no eixo mais curvo da topografia no olho contralateral. Não foi encontrado nenhuma análise relacionada a dominância ocular e relaxante limbar na literatura. Acredita-se que essa associação pode ampliar as indicações de implante das lentes intra-oculares multifocais em pacientes com astigmatismo corneano significativo, devendo-se confirmar esta possibilidade por meio de futuros estudos.The use of multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) is a great advance in the treatment of patients with cataract allowing near and distance uncorrected visual acuity recovery. However patients with some degrees of corneal astigmatism have some limitations. We present 3 cases that were indicated for phacoemulsitfication and multifocal intraocular lens implant (AcrySof® Restor®, Alcon Labs) after limbal relaxing incision (LRI) in the dominant eye and axis topographic incision in the fellow eye. There was no similar case report in the literature. It is believed that this association can extend the indications for multifocal intraocular lens implants in patients with significant corneal astigmatism and this possibility should be confirmed by future studies.

OBJETIVO: Comparar o perfil microbiológico da microbiota de pessoas sadias, obtidas do esfregaço conjuntival, utilizando zaragatoa seca transportada no meio de Stuart e zaragatoa úmida transportada no tubo de ensaio vedado com algodão. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo prospectivo, com amostras selecionadas aleatoriamente, realizado no Departamento de Oftalmologia e Patologia da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, no mês de agosto de 2006. Foram estudados 80 olhos normais de 40 indivíduos. No olho direito de cada paciente, foi realizada a coleta de material com a zaragatoa seca, armazenando-a no meio de transporte de Stuart, no qual todo o material microbiológico obtido fica imerso no meio e o tubo hermeticamente fechado. No olho esquerdo, o material conjuntival foi colhido com a extremidade de algodão da zaragatoa umedecida em solução salina a 0,9%, e armazenando-a no tubo de ensaio seco e estéril vedado com algodão. As amostras foram analisadas no prazo máximo de 2 horas após a coleta do material. RESULTADOS: Das 40 amostras coletadas com a zaragatoa úmida transportadas em tubo seco, foram identificadas bactérias em 10 (25%). Das 40 amostras coletadas com zaragatoa seca transportada em meio de Stuart, foram identificadas bactérias em 12 (30%). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do perfil microbiológico da microbiota normal conjuntival utilizando o meio de transporte da zaragatoa seca em meio de Stuart mostraram-se estatisticamente semelhantes (p= 0,85) ao comparar com o meio utilizando a zaragatoa úmida em tubo seco para semeaduras realizadas em até 2 horas após a coleta de material conjuntival.PURPOSE: To compare the microbiological profile of normal microbiota of healthy people obtained from conjunctival smear using dry swab in Stuart's transport medium and wet swab transported in test tube sealed with cotton. METHODS: A prospective study with random samples, performed at the Departments of Ophthalmology and Pathology of Santa Casa Misericórdia de São Paulo, in August of 2006. Eighty normal eyes of 40 healthy individuals were analyzed. Samples were collected in the right eye with a dry swab and stored in Stuart's medium, where all microbiological material is kept immersed in the medium and the tube is hermetically sealed. In the left eye, the conjunctival material was collected using a swab embedded in saline solution 0.9%, and stored in dry and sterile test tubes sealed with cotton. The samples were analyzed within 2 hours at most after collection. RESULTS: Out of 40 samples collected with wet swab and transported in dry tube, bacteria were observed in 10 (25%), whereas of 40 samples collected with dry swab and transported in Stuart's medium, 12 (30%) had bacteria. CONCLUSION: The results of the microbiological profile of normal conjunctival microbiota using dry swab in Stuart's medium were statistically similar (p=0.85) to those obtained in wet swab in dry tube for spreading performed within 2 hours after collection of conjunctival specimen.

OBJETIVO: Comparar o perfil microbiológico da microbiota de pessoas sadias, obtidas do esfregaço conjuntival, utilizando zaragatoa seca transportada no meio de Stuart e zaragatoa úmida transportada no tubo de ensaio vedado com algodão. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo prospectivo, com amostras selecionadas aleatoriamente, realizado no Departamento de Oftalmologia e Patologia da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, no mês de agosto de 2006. Foram estudados 80 olhos normais de 40 indivíduos. No olho direito de cada paciente, foi realizada a coleta de material com a zaragatoa seca, armazenando-a no meio de transporte de Stuart, no qual todo o material microbiológico obtido fica imerso no meio e o tubo hermeticamente fechado. No olho esquerdo, o material conjuntival foi colhido com a extremidade de algodão da zaragatoa umedecida em solução salina a 0,9%, e armazenando-a no tubo de ensaio seco e estéril vedado com algodão. As amostras foram analisadas no prazo máximo de 2 horas após a coleta do material. RESULTADOS: Das 40 amostras coletadas com a zaragatoa úmida transportadas em tubo seco, foram identificadas bactérias em 10 (25%). Das 40 amostras coletadas com zaragatoa seca transportada em meio de Stuart, foram identificadas bactérias em 12 (30%). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do perfil microbiológico da microbiota normal conjuntival utilizando o meio de transporte da zaragatoa seca em meio de Stuart mostraram-se estatisticamente semelhantes (p= 0,85) ao comparar com o meio utilizando a zaragatoa úmida em tubo seco para semeaduras realizadas em até 2 horas após a coleta de material conjuntival.

OBJETIVO: Identificar as causas de epífora congênita em pacientes com síndrome de Down. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados os prontuários de 695 pacientes com epífora congênita, atendidos no Ambulatório de Vias Lacrimais da Clínica Oftalmológica da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, de outubro de 1989 a julho de 2005. Todos foram previamente submetidos a exame oftalmológico completo e apresentavam como queixa principal epífora e/ou secreção ocular constante, uni ou bilateral, desde o nascimento. Os pacientes foram divididos em: grupo A, 30 pacientes com síndrome de Down, e grupo B, 665 pacientes controle. A avaliação das vias lacrimais foi realizada com a prova de irrigação sob anestesia geral. RESULTADOS: Os grupos A e B são semelhantes estatisticamente quanto à idade (p=0,07), sexo (p=0,63) e raça (p=0,68). As queixas bilaterais foram mais freqüentes no grupo A (p=0,0008). A obstrução anatômica das vias lacrimais foi encontrada em 32,73% do grupo A e em 85,51% do grupo B (pPURPOSE: To describe the causes of congenital epiphora in patients with Down syndrome. METHODS: Retrospective study of 695 patients with congenital epiphora, of the Lacrimal Sector of the Department of Ophthalmology, São Paulo "Santa Casa", Brazil, between October 1998 and July 2005. This study analyzed: the main symptom of continuous epiphora or mucous discharge, which affected one or both eyes, since birth. Subjects were separated in to two groups: group A, with 30 patients with Down syndrome and group B, with 665 control patients. The lacrimal evaluation was performed by the throw irrigation test after general anesthesia. RESULTS: Both groups were statistically similar regarding age (p=0.07), sex (p=0.63) and race (p=0.68). Bilateral symptoms were more frequent in group A (p=0.0008). Anatomic obstruction of the lacrimal canal was present in 32.73% of group A and in 85.51% of group B (p

Purpose: To compare the optical performance and visual outcomes between two diffractive multifocal lenses: AMO Tecnis® ZMB00 and AcrySof® ReSTOR® SN6AD1. Methods: This prospective, non-randomized comparative study included the assessment of 74 eyes in 37 patients referred for cataract surgery and candidates for multifocal intraocular lens implants. Exclusion criteria included existence of any other eye disease, previous eye surgery, high axial myopia, preoperative corneal astigmatism of >1.00 cylindrical diopter (D), and intraoperative or postoperative complications. Ophthalmological evaluation included the measurement of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA), and distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (DCIVA), with analysis of contrast sensitivity (CS), wavefront, and visual defocus curve. Results: Postoperative UDVA was 0.09 and 0.08 logMAR in the SN6AD1 and ZMB00 groups, respectively (p=0.868); postoperative CDVA was 0.04 and 0.02 logMAR in the SN6AD1 and ZMB00 groups, respectively (p=0.68); DCIVA was 0.17 and 0.54 logMAR in the SN6AD1 and ZMB00 groups, respectively (p=0.000); and DCNVA was 0.04 and 0.09 logMAR in the SN6AD1 and ZMB00 groups, respectively (p=0.001). In both cases, there was an improvement in the spherical equivalent and UDVA (p0,05). O grupo SN6AD1 obteve valor de 0,04 logMAR e o grupo ZMB00 de 0,09 logMAR para DCNVA (p

Purpose: To compare the efficiency of surgical procedures using three phaco tip designs in torsional phacoemulsification using the bevel-down technique. Methods: In this prospective, comparative, masked study, patients were randomly assigned to have torsional coaxial microincision cataract surgery using the mini-flared 45-degree Kelman tip, reversed mini-flared 30-degree Kelman tip, or Sidewinder 30-degree Kelman tip. Clinical measurements included preoperative and 3-month postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), endothelial cell counts (ECC), and preoperative and 1-day postoperative central corneal thickness (CCT). Intraoperative measurements included phaco time, torsional time, aspiration time, case time, cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), and balanced salt solution volume (BSS). Results: The study evaluated 150 eyes of 150 patients. Intraoperatively, there was no statistically significant difference in cumulative dissipated energy, case time, torsional time, and aspiration time between the three tip configurations. However, less phaco time was used with the mini-flared 45-degree Kelman tip (p=0.02) than that with the Sidewinder 30-degree Kelman tip or reversed mini-flared 30-degree Kelman tip. The mini-flared 45-degree Kelman tip and the reversed mini-flared 30-degree Kelman tip required significantly less balanced salt solution volume than that required by the Sidewinder 30-degree Kelman tip (p=0.009). There was no statistically significant difference in corrected distance visual acuity and endothelial cell counts between tips 3 months postoperatively (p>0.05). Conclusion: All three tips were effective with no intraoperative complications. When using torsional phacoemulsification through microincisions and the prefracture technique with the bevel-down technique, the mini-flared 45-degree Kelman tip required a lower mean phaco time than the reversed mini-flared 30-degree Kelman tip and the Sidewinder 30-degree Kelman tip. Objetivo: Comparar a eficácia cirúrgica da facoemulsificação com tecnologia torcional utilizando 3 modelos diferentes de ponteiras. Métodos: Neste estudo prospectivo, randomizado, mascarado, os pacientes foram aleatoriamente distribuídos para serem submetidos a cirurgia de facoemulsificação coaxial torcional utilizando a ponteira Kelman mini-flared de 45 graus, ou Kelman reversed mini-flared de 30 graus ou Kelman Sidewinder de 30 graus. Os parâmetros avaliados incluíram: acuidade visual com correção (AVCC) para longe; contagem de células endoteliais (CCE) pré-operatória e pós-operatória, ao final de 3 meses; espessura corneana central (ECC) pré-operatória e no primeiro dia pós-operatório. Medidas intraoperatórias incluíram tempo de facoemulsificação, tempo de energia torcional, tempo da aspiração, tempo cirúrgico, energia dissipada acumulada (CDE) e volume de solução salina balanceada (BSS). Resultados: Este estudo avaliou 150 olhos de 150 pacientes. No intraoperatório, não foram observadas diferenças significativas na energia dissipada acumulada, tempo de facoemulsificação, tempo de energia torcional, e tempo de aspiração entre os 3 modelos de ponteira. No entanto, foi utilizando menos tempo de faco com a ponteira Kelman mini-flared de 45 graus (p=0,02) quando comparado às ponteiras Kelman Sidewinder de 30 graus e reversa mini-flared de 30 graus. A ponteira Kelman mini-flared de 45 graus e a reversa mini-flared de 30 graus utilizaram menos solução salina balanceada quando comparado à ponteira Sidewinder de 30 graus (p=0,009). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas na acuidade visual com correção, contagem de células endoteliais e espessura corneana central entre as diferentes ponteiras ao final do estudo (p=0,05). Conclusão: As 3 ponteiras foram eficazes e não apresentaram complicacões intraoperatórias. Quando foi utilizando o faco torcional através de microincisão com a técnica da pré-fratura, a ponteira Kelman mini-flared de 45 graus obteve um desempenho melhor que as ponteiras de 30 graus e Sidewinder de 30 graus, com menor tempo de faco.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar as soluções oftálmicas de fumarato de cetotifeno 0,025% e de cloridrato de olopatadina 0,1% em pacientes portadores de ceratoconjuntivite primaveril. MÉTODOS: Avaliação realizada em um único centro, simples-cega, comparando-se paralelamente cetotifeno e olopatadina. As medicações foram avaliadas em 4 momentos (dias 1, 7, 14 e 21) por meio de tabelas de graduações padronizadas. A freqüência de eventos adversos foi a principal variável de segurança. RESULTADOS: Na avaliação da evolução do prurido ocular, ardor, lacrimejamento, hiperemia conjuntival, secreção e fotofobia observou-se que o uso tópico do cetotifeno proporcionou melhora significante deste sintoma em relação a olopatadina (p>0,05). Observou-se que a partir do 7º dia de tratamento os pacientes em uso da olopatadina tinham menos ardor, em relação aos que fizeram uso do cetotifeno, mas após o 21º dia essa relação inverteu. Na comparação da sensação de corpo estranho, papilas e pontos de Horner-Trantas evidenciou-se equivalência sem significância estatística. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que ambas são drogas equivalentes e atuaram de forma eficaz e segura na remissão dos sintomas relacionados à conjuntivite alérgica primaveril. Houve diferença a favor do cetotifeno (p

OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar as soluções oftálmicas de fumarato de cetotifeno 0,025% e de cloridrato de olopatadina 0,1% em pacientes portadores de ceratoconjuntivite primaveril. MÉTODOS: Avaliação realizada em um único centro, simples-cega, comparando-se paralelamente cetotifeno e olopatadina. As medicações foram avaliadas em 4 momentos (dias 1, 7, 14 e 21) por meio de tabelas de graduações padronizadas. A freqüência de eventos adversos foi a principal variável de segurança. RESULTADOS: Na avaliação da evolução do prurido ocular, ardor, lacrimejamento, hiperemia conjuntival, secreção e fotofobia observou-se que o uso tópico do cetotifeno proporcionou melhora significante deste sintoma em relação a olopatadina (p>0,05). Observou-se que a partir do 7º dia de tratamento os pacientes em uso da olopatadina tinham menos ardor, em relação aos que fizeram uso do cetotifeno, mas após o 21º dia essa relação inverteu. Na comparação da sensação de corpo estranho, papilas e pontos de Horner-Trantas evidenciou-se equivalência sem significância estatística. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que ambas são drogas equivalentes e atuaram de forma eficaz e segura na remissão dos sintomas relacionados à conjuntivite alérgica primaveril. Houve diferença a favor do cetotifeno (pPURPOSE: To compare the topical use of 0.025% ketotifen fumarate and 0.1% olopatadine hydrochloride in the treatment of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis. METHODS: A study performed in one center, simple masked, parallel-group compared ketotifen and olopatadine. These patients were evaluated on four visits during the treatment (days 1, 7, 14 and 21), defined by ratings scores. Adverse events were the main variable of safety rating. RESULTS: On evaluating ocular itching, burning, tearing, conjunctival hyperemia, mucous discharge and photophobia, the ketotifen group showed a significant improvement of total signs and symptoms (p

A 51-year-old woman with age-related cataract had an uneventful phacoemulsification and a Tecnis ZM900 multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in both eyes. During IOL implantation in the left eye, the optic was unintentionally reversed in the bag and left that way. The refraction surprise was not significant and six months postoperatively the corrected distance visual acuity in both eyes was 20/20 and neither complained of visual discomfort. In conclusion, we found that a reversed-optic Tecnis multifocal IOL in the present case resulted in good final visual acuity without significant differences in aberrations compared to the other eye, and a conservative management can be taken as a safe option.

A 51-year-old woman with age-related cataract had an uneventful phacoemulsification and a Tecnis ZM900 multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in both eyes. During IOL implantation in the left eye, the optic was unintentionally reversed in the bag and left that way. The refraction surprise was not significant and six months postoperatively the corrected distance visual acuity in both eyes was 20/20 and neither complained of visual discomfort. In conclusion, we found that a reversed-optic Tecnis multifocal IOL in the present case resulted in good final visual acuity without significant differences in aberrations compared to the other eye, and a conservative management can be taken as a safe option.Paciente de 51 anos, sexo feminino, apresentando catarata foi submetida a cirurgia de facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular (LIO) multifocal Tecnis ZM900 em ambos os olhos (AO). Durante a implantação da LIO no olho esquerdo, a lente foi inadvertidamente implantada invertida e deixada dessa maneira. Seis meses pós-operatório a surpresa refracional não se mostrou significativa e a acuidade visual corrigida era de 20/20 em AO, sem nenhuma queixa de desconforto visual. Em conclusão, no presente caso, o implante de uma LIO Tecnis multifocal invertida resultou em boa acuidade visual final e sem diferenças significativas na aberrometria em comparação ao olho contralateral, tendo sido possível conduzir o caso de maneira conservadora.

Objetivo: Medir e comparar o tamanho e forma de capsulotomias realizadas com laser de femtossegundo com os de capsulorrexes curvilíneas contínuas (CCC) realizadas com auxilio guiado por imagem digital e avaliar o resultado refracional. Métodos: Durante cirurgia de catarata, 40 olhos de 40 pacientes tiveram a capsulotomia realizada com auxílio do laser de femtossegundo e seus resultados foram comparados com os de 40 olhos de 40 outros pacientes que tiveram a capsulorrexe guiada por sistema de imagem digital. Os parâmetros de circularidade, forma e overlap foram medidos usando o Adobe Photoshop (Adobe Systems Inc.) e os resultados refracionais pós-operatórios foram avaliados em ambos os grupos. Resultados: Os diâmetros, tamanho e forma de alta precisão e previsibilidade foram atingidos com laser de femtossegundo e houve diferença estatística entre os grupos. Quando comparado o equivalente esférico entre os grupos, não houve diferença estatística. Conclusão: As capsulotomias realizadas pelo laser de femtossegundo possuem circularidade programada, diâmetro pretendido e valores de desvio padrão médios, indicando resultados reprodutíveis mais elevados. No entanto, CCC realizada por um cirurgião experiente com auxílio guiado de imagem digital, com configurações apropriadas, fornece resultados semelhantes e sugere que diferentes técnicas são igualmente eficazes. Purpose: To measure and compare size and shape parameters of femtosecond laser capsulotomy with manually continuous curvilinear digital guided capsulorhexis (CCC) and their refractive outcomes. Methods: Laser capsulotomies in 40 eyes of 40 patients were performed using LenSx femtosecond laser device (Alcon, Forthworth, US) and its results were compared with the CCC digital guided carried out in 40 eyes of 40 patients using the Callisto Eye digital image system (Zeiss, Germany). Capsulorhexis circularity, shape and capsule overlap were measured using Adobe Photoshop (Adobe Systems Inc.) and postoperative refraction outcomes were evaluated in both groups. Results: Highly accurate and predictable capsulotomy diameter, size and shape were achieved with femtosecond laser capsulotomy compared with capsulorhexis and showed statistical difference between groups. Spherical equivalent comparison between groups showed no statistical difference. Conclusions: Femtosecond laser anterior capsulotomy with programed circularity had the intended diameter with average standard deviation values, indicating higher reproducible outcomes. Capsulorhexis performed by an experienced surgeon with auxiliary image guide and appropriate settings provides similar results our results suggest that different techniques are equally effective.

OBJETIVO: Elaborar e validar o questionário de qualidade de vida na versão do idioma português. MÉTODOS: O questionário "Cataract TyPESpecification" modificado foi desenvolvido especificamente para avaliar a qualidade de vida pós-cirurgia de catarata. O questionário avaliou 10 itens status funcionais por meio de 18 perguntas. Foi aplicado por um único examinador, com o objetivo de graduar a satisfação visual de 0 a 10 (0 muito insatisfeito; 5 neutro; 10 muito satisfeito). Houve estudo prospectivo comparativo, não randomizado, que incluiu 142 olhos de 71 pacientes com catarata da Universidade de São Paulo. A avaliação oftalmológica contou com medida da acuidade visual para longa, intermediária e curta distâncias, sem correção e com a melhor correção óptica e questionário de satisfação. Foi submetido a um questionário de satisfação quanto à acuidade visual e fenômenos fóticos. Todos os exames foram realizados com 6 meses de pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 60,7 ± 6,6 anos no grupo Tecnis, 63,1 ± 4,4 anos no grupo Restor e 63,7 ± 4,2 anos no grupo SN60AT/SN60WF. A acuidade visual para perto não-corrigida e a corrigida para longe foram estatisticamente superiores nos grupos Restor® e Tecnis® comparadas ao grupo SN60AT/SN60WF (p