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14. Rickettisia monacensis sp. nov., a spotted fever group rickettsia, from ticks (Ixodes ricinus) collected in a European city park

Author

Simser, Jason A., Palmer, Ann T., Fingerle, Volker, Wilske, Bettina, Kurtti, Timothy J., and Munderloh, Ulrike G.

Subjects
Microbiological research -- Analysis, Microbiology -- Environmental aspects, Gram-negative bacteria -- Genetic aspects, Ribosomal RNA -- Genetic aspects, Rickettsia -- Genetic aspects, Membrane proteins -- Genetic aspects, Actin -- Physiological aspects, Immunogenetics -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Research has been conducted on the spotted fever group rickettsia. The cultivation, partial molecular and immunologic characterization and actin-based motility of this bacterium from a female Ixodes ricinus tick have been carried out and the results are reported.

Published
2002

16. Autorinnen und Autoren

Author

Battegay, Manuel, primary, Bauer, Torsten T., additional, Becker, Stephan, additional, Becker, Karsten, additional, Bolz, Michael, additional, Bredt, Wolfgang, additional, Büchler, Markus W., additional, Burchard, Gerd-Dieter, additional, Caspari, Gregor, additional, Cornberg, Markus, additional, Dobner, Thomas, additional, Doerr, Hans W., additional, Domann, Eugen, additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, von Eiff, Christof, additional, Einsele, Hermann, additional, Essig, Andreas, additional, Fegeler, Wolfgang, additional, Fehr, Jan, additional, Friese, Klaus, additional, Gärtner, Barbara C., additional, Gastmeier, Petra, additional, Gatermann, Sören G., additional, Gebhard, Florian, additional, Geffers, Christine, additional, Gerlich, Wolfram H., additional, Glasbrenner, Bernhard, additional, Glück, Thomas, additional, Groß, Uwe, additional, Groschup, Martin, additional, Haase, Gerhard, additional, Hagedorn, Hans-Jochen, additional, Hebart, Holger, additional, Heesemann, Jürgen, additional, Heinz, Werner J., additional, Helbling, Peter, additional, Hengel, Hartmut, additional, Herrmann, Mathias, additional, Heumann, Henning, additional, Hirsch, Hans H., additional, Höffken, Gert, additional, Hörauf, Achim, additional, Itin, Peter, additional, Jilg, Wolfgang, additional, Kandolf, Reinhard, additional, Karrer, Urs, additional, Kaufmann, Stefan H.E., additional, Kern, Peter, additional, Kern, Winfried V., additional, Kist, Manfred, additional, Knaebel, Hanns-Peter, additional, Korn, Klaus, additional, Krause, Karl-Heinz, additional, Krieg, Thomas, additional, Kühn, Joachim, additional, Laifer, Gerd, additional, Lang, Gerhard K., additional, Leidel, Jan, additional, Liesenfeld, Oliver, additional, Löscher, Thomas, additional, Ludolph, Albert C., additional, Männel, Daniela, additional, Manns, Michael P., additional, Marre, Reinhard, additional, Matuschka, Franz-Rainer, additional, Mertens, Thomas, additional, Mettenleiter, Thomas, additional, Michel, Detlef, additional, Morschhäuser, Joachim, additional, von Müller, Lutz, additional, Mylonas, Ioannis, additional, Naber, Kurt G., additional, Neumann-Haefelin, Dieter, additional, Nevels, Michael, additional, Nüesch, Reto, additional, Otto, Markus, additional, Pauli, Georg, additional, Pauschinger, Matthias, additional, Peters, Georg, additional, Pfister, Herbert, additional, von Altishofen, Gabriela Pfyffer, additional, Plachter, Bodo, additional, Podbielski, Andreas, additional, Popow-Kraupp, Therese, additional, Protzer, Ulrike, additional, Reddehase, Matthias J., additional, Rethwilm, Axel, additional, Ritzkowsky, Andreas, additional, Roggenkamp, Andreas, additional, Rudin, Christoph, additional, Rüden, Henning, additional, Schwarz, Carsten, additional, Seiler, Christoph M., additional, Sendi, Parham, additional, Sieper, Joachim, additional, Sigge, Anja, additional, Spellerberg, Barbara, additional, Staib, Peter, additional, Steuerwald, Michael, additional, Strauss, Reinhild, additional, Sunderkötter, Cord Henrich, additional, ter Meulen, Jan, additional, Trautmann, Matthias, additional, Tümmler, Burkhard, additional, Tumani, Hayrettin, additional, Vanek †, Ernst, additional, Veit, Johannes, additional, Vernazza, Pietro, additional, Wagenlehner, Florian, additional, Weidner, Wolfgang, additional, Weinke, Thomas, additional, Weißbrodt, Hartmut, additional, Werner, Jens, additional, Wilske, Bettina, additional, von König, Carl H. Wirsing, additional, and Zimmerli, Werner, additional

Published
2008
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38. Comparative genome analysis: selection pressure on the Borrelia vls cassettes is essential for infectivity

Author

Wilske Bettina, Sühnel Jürgen, Felder Marius, Schilhabel Markus, Schulte-Spechtel Ulrike, Glöckner Gernot, and Platzer Matthias

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background At least three species of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) cause tick-borne Lyme disease. Previous work including the genome analysis of B. burgdorferi B31 and B. garinii PBi suggested a highly variable plasmid part. The frequent occurrence of duplicated sequence stretches, the observed plasmid redundancy, as well as the mainly unknown function and variability of plasmid encoded genes rendered the relationships between plasmids within and between species largely unresolvable. Results To gain further insight into Borreliae genome properties we completed the plasmid sequences of B. garinii PBi, added the genome of a further species, B. afzelii PKo, to our analysis, and compared for both species the genomes of pathogenic and apathogenic strains. The core of all Bbsl genomes consists of the chromosome and two plasmids collinear between all species. We also found additional groups of plasmids, which share large parts of their sequences. This makes it very likely that these plasmids are relatively stable and share common ancestors before the diversification of Borrelia species. The analysis of the differences between B. garinii PBi and B. afzelii PKo genomes of low and high passages revealed that the loss of infectivity is accompanied in both species by a loss of similar genetic material. Whereas B. garinii PBi suffered only from the break-off of a plasmid end, B. afzelii PKo lost more material, probably an entire plasmid. In both cases the vls gene locus encoding for variable surface proteins is affected. Conclusion The complete genome sequences of a B. garinii and a B. afzelii strain facilitate further comparative studies within the genus Borrellia. Our study shows that loss of infectivity can be traced back to only one single event in B. garinii PBi: the loss of the vls cassettes possibly due to error prone gene conversion. Similar albeit extended losses in B. afzelii PKo support the hypothesis that infectivity of Borrelia species depends heavily on the evasion from the host response.

Published
2006
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39. Randomized comparison of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime in Lyme neuroborreliosis

Author

Pfister, Hans-Walter, Preac-Mursic, Vera, Wilske, Bettina, Schielke, Eva, Sorgel, Fritz, and Einhaupl, Karl Max

Subjects
Nervous system, Lyme disease -- Drug therapy, Ceftriaxone sodium -- Evaluation, Cefotaxime -- Evaluation, Lyme disease -- Complications, Health
Abstract

Lyme borreliosis, also called Lyme disease, is transmitted by ticks infected with Borrelia burgdorferi. Tick bites are the usual mode of disease transmission. Lyme borreliosis may affect the skin, heart, nervous system, and joints. The disease is usually first noted by a skin lesion (a reddened area that may be flat or raised) at the site of the tick bite. When Lyme disease affects the nervous system it is called Lyme neuroborreliosis, and may lead to meningitis (inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord), cranial neuritis (inflammation of the nerves in the head), and painful radiculoneuritis (inflammation of the root of the nerves exiting the spinal cord). Penicillin, one of the first drugs used to treat Lyme disease, is not effective in killing Borrelia burgdorferi. The effectiveness of two cephalosporin antibiotics was assessed in 33 patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis. Over a 10-day period, patients were treated with ceftriaxone (2 grams per day) or cefotaxime (6 grams per day). During the treatment period, neurological symptoms improved or disappeared in 12 of 17 patients treated with ceftriaxone and 14 of 16 patients treated with cefotaxime. Eight months later, symptoms had completely resolved in 17 of 27 patients. Ten patients continued to experience neurological symptoms and one of them remained infected with Borrelia burgdorferi. These results indicate that a 10-day treatment program with ceftriaxone or cefotaxime is effective in reducing clinical symptoms in patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis. However, some patients may required a longer treatment period to relieve all disease symptoms. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1991

42. A new Borrelia species defined by multilocus sequence analysis of housekeeping genes

Author

Margos, Gabriele, Vollmer, Stephanie A., Cornet, Muriel, Garnier, Martine, Fingerle, Volker, Wilske, Bettina, Bormane, Antra, Vitorino, Liliana, Collares-Pereira, Margarida, Drancourt, Michel, and Kurtenbach, Klaus

Subjects
Lyme disease -- Research, Cladistic analysis -- Usage, Borrelia -- Genetic aspects, Borrelia -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

The analysis of Lyme borreliosis (LB) spirochetes by using a novel multilocus sequence analysis scheme has shown that OspA serotype 4 strains of Borrelia garinii are genetically distinct from bird-associated B. garinii strains to deserve status. The rooted phylogenetic trees have helped in understanding the evolutionary history of LB spirochetes.

Published
2009

46. Complementation of a Borrelia afzelii OspC mutant highlights the crucial role of OspC for dissemination of Borrelia afzelii in Ixodes ricinus

Author

Fingerle, Volker, Goettner, Gereon, Gern, Lise, Wilske, Bettina, and Schulte-Spechtel, Ulrike

Subjects
parasitic diseases, bacterial infections and mycoses
Abstract

Alteration of the outer surface protein (Osp) composition – especially that of OspA and OspC – seems to be important for the adaptation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato to its endothermic hosts (mammals) and poikilothermic vectors (ticks). OspA possibly mediates adherence to tick midgut cells thus enabling the borreliae to survive in the vector, while OspC is associated with borrelial invasion of the tick salivary glands and infection of the mammalian hosts. Here we describe the first successful transformation and complementation of a Borrelia afzelii ospC mutant with the wild-type ospC in trans. To test the influence of OspC on the dissemination behavior in ticks, unfed Ixodes ricinus nymphs were artificially infected by capillary feeding either with B. afzelii wild type, the B. afzelii ospC mutant or the ospC-complemented clone. Tick midguts and salivary glands were investigated after different time intervals for the presence of borreliae and for OspA and OspC by immunfluorescence staining with monoclonal antibodies. While the B. afzelii wild-type strain exhibiting abundant OspC on its surface disseminated to the salivary glands, the OspC-negative mutant was only present in the tick midguts. The ospC-complemented clone which constitutively expresses the wild-type ospC was again able to colonize the salivary glands. This finding demonstrates that OspC is crucial for dissemination of B. afzelii from the tick midgut to the salivary glands, a prerequisite for infection of the warm-blooded host. A summary of the detailed data presented here has already been given in Goettner et al. [2006. OspC of B. afzelii is crucial for dissemination in the vector as shown by transformation and complementation of a European OspC-deficient B. afzelii strain. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 296S1(Suppl. 40), 122–124].

Published
2009

48. Cefotaxime vs penicillin G for acute neurologic manifestations in Lyme borreliosis: a prospective randomized study

Author

Pfister, Hans-Walter, Preac-Mursic, Vera, Wilske, Bettina, and Einhaupl, Karl Max

Subjects
Penicillin -- Health aspects, Lyme disease -- Drug therapy, Cefotaxime -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease) is an infectious disease transmitted by ticks which proceeds through different clinical stages and can lead to chronic neurologic disease. It is often treated with penicillin G, but antibiotics of the cephalosporin group, such as cefotaxime, may have advantages in some cases. Twenty-four patients with neurological signs of Lyme borreliosis were given one drug or the other intravenously for 10 days. Three patients had meningitis (inflammation of the membranes that surround the spinal cord and brain) and the remaining 21 had radiculitis (a painful inflammation of the spinal nerve root). Pain severity assessment and neurological examination were performed daily. Samples of blood and cerebrospinal fluid were drawn and analyzed. Follow-up of all patients took place at around seven months after the antibiotic therapy had ended. Results showed no differences between the groups on any variables, with two patients in each group experiencing mild symptoms on follow-up. It appears that either penicillin G or cefotaxime are effective agents for treating Lyme borreliosis. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1989

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