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1,105 results on '"Werner Hofmann"'

1. Mixed-gas CH4/CO2/CO detection based on linear variable optical filter and thermopile detector array

Author

Shaoda Zhang, Wu Bin, Binbin Xu, Xingyu Zheng, Binbin Chen, Xueqin Lv, Haisheng San, and Werner Hofmann

Subjects
Linear variable optical filter, Tapered cavity, Multi-layer dielectrics, Thermopile detector, Mixed gas detectors, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

Abstract This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of a middle-infrared (MIR) linear variable optical filter (LVOF) and thermopile detectors that will be used in a miniaturized mixed gas detector for CH4/CO2/CO measurement. The LVOF was designed as a tapered-cavity Fabry-Pérot optical filter, which can transform the MIR continuous spectrum into multiple narrow band-pass spectra with peak wavelength in linear variation. Multi-layer dielectric structures were used to fabricate the Bragg reflectors on the both sides of tapered cavity as well as the antireflective film combined with the function of out-of-band rejection. The uncooled thermopile detectors were designed and fabricated as a multiple-thermocouple suspension structure using micro-electro-mechanical system technology. Experimentally, the LVOF exhibits a mean full-width-at-half-maximum of 400 nm and mean peak transmittance of 70% at the wavelength range of 2.3~5 μm. The thermopile detectors exhibit a responsivity of 146 μV/°C at the condition of room temperature. It is demonstrated that the detectors can achieve the quantification and identification of CH4/CO2/CO mixed gas.

Published
2019
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2. Experimentally determined deposition of ambient urban ultrafine particles in the respiratory tract of children

Author

Lingli Guo, Fahard Salimi, Hao Wang, Werner Hofmann, Graham R. Johnson, Brett G. Toelle, Guy B. Marks, and Lidia Morawska

Subjects
Ultrafine particles, Respiratory tract deposition, Urban exposure, Dose, Children, Primary school, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

A critical element of the risk assessment of exposure to airborne ambient ultrafine particles (UFP) is the quantification of respiratory tract deposition (RTD) of the particles, which is intrinsically challenging, particularly at the population scale. In this study, we used a recently proposed method to experimentally determine the RTD of urban UFP in a large group of children exposed to these particles in a school setting in Brisbane, Australia. Children are one of the most susceptible population groups; However, little is known about the deposition of UFP from urban traffic in their airways. In order to advance the knowledge in this field, the objectives of this study were: to determine the deposition of ambient urbane UFP in large number children, to catergorize the source of inhaled UFPs and hence to assess the contribution of air pollution sources to the deposition.RTD was measured in children aged 8–11 at primary schools using a flow-through chamber bag system. First, the inhaled and exhaled air was separated; then the particle number size distribution and particle number concentration were measured. The sources of inhaled UFP were categorized according to their particle number size distribution by a K means cluster technique.A total of 128 children from five schools performed the RTD measurement. The mean total deposition fraction of urban UFP in all children was 0.59 ± 0.10. Inhaled UFP were categorized into two groups: traffic and urban background, with the GMD of corresponding particle number size distribution of 20 nm and 40 nm, respectively. The total deposition fraction (mean ± SD) of UFP from these two groups was 0.68 ± 0.09 for traffic and 0.55 ± 0.08 for urban background respectively.This is the first study in which RTD was measured in a large group of children inhaling real urban UFP. First, we proved that this novel method can indeed be applied easily and quickly to a large group of people. Second, we quantified the RTD of children, thus providing an important input to the risk assessment for exposure to UFP.

Published
2020
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3. Low Thermal Crosstalk 808-nm VCSEL Arrays With Nonlinear Mesa Configuration

Author

Chuyu Zhong, Xing Zhang, Werner Hofmann, Yongqiang Ning, and Lijun Wang

Subjects
VCSEL array, mesa distribution, optimization algorithm, thermal stability, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820, Optics. Light, QC350-467
Abstract

In this paper, we demonstrated vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays with improved thermal stability by arranging the mesa distribution within the array in a nonlinear configuration. Based on our traversal design algorithm, VCSEL arrays with inhomogeneous mesa-distances were realized. The effects of this rearrangement of mesas on the VCSEL array's thermal stability were studied experimentally. Power-current characteristics and spectra of the 808 nm VCSEL arrays with different mesa distributions were obtained under different thermal stresses in which the optimized devices showed improved performance. The experimental results prove that our algorithm-based optimization is instructive for VCSEL array design.

Published
2018
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4. Monolithic Microlens VCSELs With High Beam Quality

Author

Youwen Huang, Xing Zhang, Jianwei Zhang, Yiyang Xie, Werner Hofmann, Yongqiang Ning, and Lijun Wang

Subjects
Semiconductor laser, VCSEL, micro-lens, high beam quality, wet-etching., Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820, Optics. Light, QC350-467
Abstract

In this paper, we report on high beam quality vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) featuring a monolithically integrated aspherical microlens. This lens is fabricated by a one-step diffusion-limited wet etch process. VCSELs with microlenses with different curvature radius are designed, fabricated, and characterized, as well as reference VCSEL devices without the microlens. Significant improvement of beam divergence and single-mode performance are demonstrated in microlens VCSELs. The divergence angles of a conventional VCSEL are 14.5°, 16.0°, and 17.0° (full width at D4σ) at 2 mA, 3 mA, and 4 mA, respectively, with a M2 value measured to be 6.9 at 3 mA. Under the same current injection, the divergence angles of a comparable VCSEL with a micro-lens (curvature radius of 31.8 μm) are reduced to 4.8°, 5.5°, and 5.7°, respectively. The M2 value of the lensed VCSEL is as low as 1.9 at 3 mA.

Published
2017
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5. Equivalent Circuit Model of High-Performance VCSELs

Author

Marwan Bou Sanayeh, Wissam Hamad, and Werner Hofmann

Subjects
high-speed vcsels, multi-mode vcsels, intrinsic laser dynamics, equivalent circuit modeling, intrinsic modulation response, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

In this work, a general equivalent circuit model based on the carrier reservoir splitting approach in high-performance multi-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is presented. This model accurately describes the intrinsic dynamic behavior of these VCSELs for the case where the lasing modes do not share a common carrier reservoir. Moreover, this circuit model is derived from advanced multi-mode rate equations that take into account the effect of spatial hole-burning, gain compression, and inhomogeneity in the carrier distribution between the lasing mode ensembles. The validity of the model is confirmed through simulation of the intrinsic modulation response of these lasers.

Published
2020
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6. VCSEL-Based Light Sources—Scalability Challenges for VCSEL-Based Multi-100- Gb/s Systems

Author

Werner Hofmann and Dieter Bimberg

Subjects
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), optical interconnects, energy efficiency, high-performance computing, VCSEL arrays, scalability, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820, Optics. Light, QC350-467
Abstract

Future high-performance computers require optical interconnects with aggregated Exa-Byte/s data transport. Densely packed arrays of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) might present the only feasible technical solution. The high-speed properties of semiconductor lasers, however, are strongly affected by their operating temperature. Thermal crosstalk becomes dominant when densely packed arrays of high-speed VCSELs are required. In this paper, we derive the maximum bandwidth of future VCSEL-based optical interconnects from the influence of device heating occurring in high-speed VCSEL arrays. Furthermore, we estimate the scalability of this technology and address the challenges. From our calculations we obtain, that VCSEL arrays are scalable from a bandwidth density of 100 Gbps/mm2 with today's devices up to a technological limit of 15 Tbps/mm2.

Published
2012
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7. Correlation of Air Quality Data to Ultrafine Particles (UFP) Concentration and Size Distribution in Ambient Air

Author

Werner Hofmann, Pierre Madl, and Felicitas Kwasny

Subjects
ultrafine particles, air quality monitoring, urban aerosols, particle number concentration, particle size distribution, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

This study monitored ultrafine particles (UFP) concurrent with environmental air quality data, investigating whether already existing instrumentation used by environmental authorities can provide reference values for estimating UFP concentrations. Of particular interest was the relation of UFP to PM10 (particulate matter) and nitrogen oxides (NOx, NO2) in ambient air. Existing PM measurement methods alone did not correspond exactly enough with the actual particle number, but we observed a link between NOx and NO2 to UFP concentration. The combined data could act as proxy-indicator for authorities in estimating particle number concentrations, but cannot replace UFP monitoring.

Published
2010
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8. High-Speed Buried Tunnel Junction Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Author

Werner Hofmann

Subjects
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), high-speed modulation, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820, Optics. Light, QC350-467
Abstract

InP-based, vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) utilizing a buried tunnel junction (BTJ) emitting at 1.55 μm with improved active region and reduced parasitics are demonstrated. A superior modulation bandwidth > 10 GHz is achieved up to 85 °C. The VCSEL device is investigated in detail, analyzing all bandwidth-limiting elements. With their improved temperature range, these VCSELs are especially qualified for uncooled operation in passive optical networks. These lasers show open eyes and error-free transmission up to 25-Gb/s modulation speed at room temperature. Uncooled error-free operation over a wide temperature range under constant bias conditions for ultra-low-cost systems is demonstrated at a 12.5-Gb/s data rate up to 85 °C. Due to a well-tailored mode-gain detuning, the laser characteristics are practically invariant with temperature at fixed bias conditions. Further possible design optimizations targeting at data rates well above 25 Gb/s are discussed.

Published
2010
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9. Long-Wavelength High-Contrast Grating Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser

Author

Werner Hofmann, Chris Chase, Michael Müller, Yi Rao, Christian Grasse, Gerhard Böhm, Markus-Christian Amann, and Connie J. Chang-Hasnain

Subjects
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), high-contrast gratings, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820, Optics. Light, QC350-467
Abstract

A novel long-wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) structure based on a subwavelength high-contrast grating (HCG) as the output mirror has been realized. By design, these devices are highly polarization stable, are single mode at large apertures, and solve the VCSEL-mirror problem at long wavelengths in an elegant way. With cost-effective mass fabrication in mind, the top HCG reflector consists of amorphous silicon on isolator (amorphous silica). The single-mode laser emission is tailored to be around 1320-nm wavelength, targeting applications in high-speed optical data transmission, particularly those for passive optical networks. We report single-mode emission for devices with apertures as large as 11 $\mu\hbox{m}$ operating in continuous wave with output powers in excess of 0.4 mW. Pulsed operation with output powers up to 4 mW at room temperature is demonstrated as well. This is the first electrically pumped VCSEL structure realized in this wavelength regime utilizing an HCG mirror.

Published
2010
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11. A double-layered Water Cherenkov Detector array for Gamma-ray astronomy

Author

Samridha Kunwar, Hazal Goksu, Jim Hinton, Harm Schoorlemmer, Andrew Smith, Werner Hofmann, and Felix Werner

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), High Energy Physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

Ground-level particle detection is now a well-established approach to TeV gamma-ray astronomy. Detection of Cherenkov light produced in water-filled detection units is a proven and cost-effective method. Here we discuss the optimization of the units towards the future Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO). In this context, we investigate a new type of configuration in which each water Cherenkov detector (WCD) unit in the array comprises two chambers with black or reflective walls and a single photomultiplier tube (PMT) in each chamber. We find that this is a cost-effective approach that improves the performance of the WCD array with respect to current approaches. A shallow lower chamber with a PMT facing downwards enables muon tagging and the identification of hadron-induced air showers, which are the primary source of background in gamma-ray astronomy. We investigate how gamma/hadron separation power and achievable angular resolution depend on the geometry and wall reflectivity of the detector units in this configuration. We find that excellent angular resolution, background rejection power and low-energy response are achievable in this double-layer configuration, with the aid of reflective surfaces in both chambers., 17 pages, 20 figures

Published
2023

14. Effects of spatial variation in dose delivery: what can we learn from radon-related lung cancer studies?

Author

Balázs G. Madas, Jan Boei, Nora Fenske, Werner Hofmann, and Laura Mezquita

Subjects
Radiation Protection, Lung Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced, Radiation, Radon Daughters, Radon, Biophysics, Humans, Child, Radiation Dosage, General Environmental Science
Abstract

Exposure to radon progeny results in heterogeneous dose distributions in many different spatial scales. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on the state of the art in epidemiology, clinical observations, cell biology, dosimetry, and modelling related to radon exposure and its association with lung cancer, along with priorities for future research. Particular attention is paid on the effects of spatial variation in dose delivery within the organs, a factor not considered in radiation protection. It is concluded that a multidisciplinary approach is required to improve risk assessment and mechanistic understanding of carcinogenesis related to radon exposure. To achieve these goals, important steps would be to clarify whether radon can cause other diseases than lung cancer, and to investigate radon-related health risks in children or persons at young ages. Also, a better understanding of the combined effects of radon and smoking is needed, which can be achieved by integrating epidemiological, clinical, pathological, and molecular oncology data to obtain a radon-associated signature. While in vitro models derived from primary human bronchial epithelial cells can help to identify new and corroborate existing biomarkers, they also allow to study the effects of heterogeneous dose distributions including the effects of locally high doses. These novel approaches can provide valuable input and validation data for mathematical models for risk assessment. These models can be applied to quantitatively translate the knowledge obtained from radon exposure to other exposures resulting in heterogeneous dose distributions within an organ to support radiation protection in general.

Published
2022

19. Influence of Losses on the Laser Voltage Drop of the Active Section

Author

Walter Brinker, Martin Kresse, David de Felipe, Martin Schell, Martin Mohrle, Werner Hofmann, Crispin Zawadzki, Nicolai Friedhoff, Moritz Kleinert, Gelani Irmscher, Norbert Keil, Magnus Happach, and Publica

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Materials science, business.industry, Phase (waves), Physics::Optics, Distributed Bragg reflector, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Optics, Fiber Bragg grating, Section (archaeology), law, Reflection (physics), business, Voltage drop, Voltage
Abstract

We present a model of a tunable distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser describing the effect of cavity losses on the gain voltage. Theoretical and experimental results are in good agreement. Measurements show the gain voltage trace for Bragg grating and phase section tuning. The model is also valid for lasers with optical feedback from an external reflection.

Published
2021

21. Predictions of inter- and intra-lobar deposition patterns of inhaled particles in a five-lobe lung model

Author

Majid Hussain, Renate Winkler-Heil, and Werner Hofmann

Subjects
Materials science, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Lung, Lung ventilation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Inhalation Exposure, Stochastic Processes, respiratory system, Lobe, respiratory tract diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Respiratory Physiological Phenomena, Particulate Matter, Aerosol inhalation, Monte Carlo Method, Deposition (chemistry), Biomedical engineering, Particle deposition
Abstract

To develop a stochastic five-lobe lung model and to compute particle deposition fractions in the five lobes, considering anatomical as well as ventilatory asymmetry.The stochastic five-lobe lung model was derived from an existing stochastic model for the whole lung, which implicitly contains information on the lobar airway structure. Differences in lobar ventilation and sequential filling of individual lobes were simulated by a stochastic lobar ventilation model. Deposition fractions of inhaled unit density particles in the five lobes were calculated by an updated version of the Monte Carlo deposition code Inhalation, Deposition, and Exhalation of Aerosols in the Lung (IDEAL).Simulations for defined exposure and breathing conditions revealed that the two lower lobes receive higher deposition and the two upper lobes lower deposition, compared to the average deposition for the whole lung. The resulting inter-lobar distribution of deposition fractions indicated that the non-uniform lung morphometry is the dominating effect, while non-uniform ventilation only slightly enhances the lobar differences. The relation between average lobe-specific deposition fractions and corresponding average values for the whole lung allowed the calculation of lobe-specific deposition weighting factors.Comparison with limited deposition measurements for upper

Published
2021

23. Detection of extended TeV emission around the Geminga pulsar with H.E.S.S

Author

Michael Punch, Christo Venter, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Yasunobu Uchiyama, M. Hörbe, L. Mohrmann, Hassan Abdalla, Albert Seyffert, Michael Backes, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Dieter Horns, K. Nakashima, Tim Holch, K. Bernloehr, Naomi Tsuji, Heinrich J. Völk, Regis Terrier, Carlo Romoli, Gerard Fontaine, Tadayuki Takahashi, M. Fuessling, Hester Schutte, S. Steinmassl, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Sami Caroff, Victor Doroshenko, Frank M. Rieger, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, P. T. O'Brien, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Hannah Dalgleish, German Hermann, Paul Morris, Anne Lemiere, E. Kasai, Louis Du Plessis, Johann van der Walt, Martin Tluczykont, Dan Parsons, Anna Barnacka, D. Malyshev, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, Felix Aharonian, Gilles Maurin, J. F. Glicenstein, David Sanchez, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Victor Barbosa Martins, Ira Jung, C. Arcaro, Sebastian Panny, Gianluca Giavitto, Angel Noel, Bruno Khelifi, Alison Mitchell, Santiago Pita, Werner Hofmann, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Atreyee Sinha, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Jonathan Mackey, Carlo van Rensburg, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Laura Olivera-Nieto, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Floriane Cangemi, A. Yusafzai, C. Levy, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, Thomas Lohse, Hend Yassin, Anton Dmytriiev, Manuel Meyer, Arnaud Mares, Manami Sasaki, Mathieu Naurois, Catherine Boisson, Jhilik Majumdar, N. Zywucka, Sumari Hattingh, Takaaki Tanaka, Gavin Rowell, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, C. Moore, Riaan Steenkamp, Richard White, Kirsty Feijen, Heike Prokoph, Thomas Bylund, Rowan Batzofin, Andreas Zmija, Dorit Glawion, Samuel Zouari, Tomasz Bulik, Robert Brose, Andrea Santangelo, Jacco Vink, Michal Ostrowski, Anna Luashvili, Jacques Muller, Malgorzata Curlo, Marion Spir-Jacob, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Lente Dreyer, David Huber, J.-P. Lenain, Matthieu Renaud, Amid Nayerhoda, Hugh Spackman, Michael Kreter, Justine Devin, Sabrina Casanova, Anu Kundu, Stefan Klepser, V. Sahakian, G. Peron, Alessandro Montanari, Garret Cotter, Vikas Joshi, Zhiqiu Huang, T. Chand, Lott Frans, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Yves Gallant, Lukasz Stawarz, Stefan Ohm, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Jason John Watson, Davit Zargaryan, Arache Djannati-Ataï, Johannes Schaefer, S. J. Fegan, Andreas Quirrenbach, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, P. Reichherzer, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Jaqueline Catalano, Stefano Gabici, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, Michael Zacharias, Jim Hinton, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, U. Katz, G. Lamanna, R. Konno, Isak Delberth Davids, Fabian Schüssler, A. Fiasson, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Roberta Zanin, Emmanuel Moulin, Andrew Taylor, B. Rudak, Kathrin Egberts, Johannes Veh, J. Bolmont, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Jacek Niemiec, G. Vasileiadis, Monica Barnard, Yvonne Becherini, Denys Malyshev, Maria Haupt, Olaf Reimer, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Lenka Tomankova, Sébastien Le Stum, Thomas Murach, Christopher van Eldik, Rafal Moderski, Mohanraj Senniappan, Francois Brun, P. Vincent, Heiko Salzmann, Andreas Specovius, Yu Wun Wong, Vincent Marandon, Hannes Thiersen, Vardan Baghmanyan, Celine Armand, Dmitriy Kostunin, L. Giunti, Brian van Soelen, Thomas Tavernier, Markus Boettcher, Michelle Tsirou, M.-H. Grondin, Rachel Simoni, Anita Reimer, Constantin Steppa, Ullrich Schwanke, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, James Davies, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Marek Jamrozy, Helene Sol, Paolo Marchegiani, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and H.E.S.S.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma rays, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, imaging, Astronomy, IACT, Cosmology, Tellurium compounds, Cherenkov counter, gamma ray: emission, Pulsar, HESS, Milagro, TeV, HESS - Abteilung Hinton, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, HAWC, Cosmic rays, Cherenkov radiation, pulsar
Abstract

Highly extended gamma-ray emission around the Geminga pulsar was discovered by Milagro and verified by HAWC. Despite many observations with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), detection of gamma-ray emission on angular scales exceeding the IACT field-of-view has proven challenging. Recent developments in analysis techniques have enabled the detection of significant emission around Geminga in archival data with H.E.S.S.. In 2019, further data on the Geminga region were obtained with an adapted observation strategy. Following the announcement of the detection of significant TeV emission around Geminga in archival data, in this contribution we present the detection in an independent dataset. New analysis results will be presented, and emphasis given to the technical challenges involved in observations of highly extended gamma-ray emission with IACTs., PoS: Proceedings of Science, 395, ISSN:1824-8039, Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference

Published
2022

24. Searching for VHE gamma-ray emission associated with IceCube neutrino alerts using FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS

Author

Konstancja, Satalecka, Acciari, Victor A., Stefano, Ansoldi, Lucio Angelo Antonelli, Axel Arbet Engels, Manuel, Artero, Katsuaki, Asano, Dominik, Baack, Ana, Babic, Andr('(e))s, Baquero, Ulisses Barres de Almeida, Juan Abel Barrio, Ivana, Batkovi('(c)), Josefa Becerra Gonzalez, Wlodek, Bednarek, Lorenzo, Bellizzi, Elisa, Bernardini, Maria-Isabel, Bernardos, Alessio, Berti, Jürgen, Besenrieder, Wrijupan, Bhattacharyya, Ciro, Bigongiari, Adrian, Biland, Oscar, Blanch, Hendrik, Bökenkamp, Giacomo, Bonnoli, Zeljka, Bosnjak, Giovanni, Busetto, Roberto, Carosi, Giovanni, Ceribella, Matteo, Cerruti, Yating, Chai, Ashot, Chilingarian, Stefan, Cikota, Sidika Merve Colak, Eduardo, Colombo, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan, Cortina, Stefano, Covino, Giacomo D( extquotesingle)Amico, Valerio D( extquotesingle)Elia, Paolo Da Vela, Francesco, Dazzi, Alessandro De Angelis, Barbara De Lotto, Manuel, Delfino, Jordi, Delgado, Carlos Delgado Mendez, Davide, Depaoli, Federico Di Pierro, Leonardo Di Venere, Elia Do Souto Espi(~(n))eira, Dijana Dominis Prester, Alice, Donini, Daniela, Dorner, Michele, Doro, Dominik, Elsaesser, Vandad Fallah Ramazani, Alicia, Fattorini, Maria Victoria Fonseca, Lluis, Font, Christian, Fruck, Satoshi, Fukami, Yasushi, Fukazawa, Garc('(i))a L('(o))pez, Ramon J., Markus, Garczarczyk, Sargis, Gasparyan, Markus, Gaug, Giglietto, Nicola, Francesco, Giordano, Pawel, Gliwny, Nikola, Godinovic, David, Green, Jarred Gershon Green, Daniela, Hadasch, Alexander, Hahn, Lea, Heckmann, Javier, Herrera, John, Hoang, Dario, Hrupec, Moritz, Hütten, Tomohiro, Inada, Kazuma, Ishio, Yuki, Iwamura, Irene Jim('(e))nez Mart('(i))nez, Jenni, Jormanainen, L('(e))a, Jouvin, Marie, Karjalainen, Daniel, Kerszberg, Yukiho, Kobayashi, Hidetoshi, Kubo, Junko, Kushida, Alessandra, Lamastra, Damir, Lelas, Francesco, Leone, Elina, Lindfors, Lena, Linhoff, Saverio, Lombardi, Francesco, Longo, Ruben, Lopez-Coto, Marcos, L('(o))pez-Moya, Alicia, L('(o))pez-Oramas, Loporchio, Serena, Bernardo Machado de Oliveira Fraga, Camilla, Maggio, Pratik, Majumdar, Martin, Makariev, Manuela, Mallamaci, Galina, Maneva, Marina, Manganaro, Karl, Mannheim, Laura, Maraschi, Mos(`(e)), Mariotti, Manel, Martinez, Daniel, Mazin, Stefano, Menchiari, Simone, Mender, Sa( (s))a Mi('(c))anovi('(c)), Davide, Miceli, Tjark, Miener, Jose Miguel Miranda, Razmik, Mirzoyan, Edgar, Molina, Abelardo, Moralejo, Daniel, Morcuende, Victoria, Moreno, Elena, Moretti, Takeshi, Nakamori, Lara, Nava, Vitaly, Neustroev, Cosimo, Nigro, Kari, Nilsson, Kyoshi, Nishijima, Koji, Noda, Seiya, Nozaki, Yoshiki, Ohtani, Tomohiko, Oka, Jorge, Otero-Santos, Simona, Paiano, Michele, Palatiello, David, Paneque, Riccardo, Paoletti, Paredes, Josep M., Lovro, Pavleti('(c)), Pablo, Pe(~(n))il, Massimo, Persic, Marine, Pihet, Pier Giorgio Prada Moroni, Elisa, Prandini, Chaitanya, Priyadarshi, Ivica, Puljak, Wolfgang, Rhode, Marc, Rib('(o)), Javier, Rico, Chiara, Righi, Andrea, Rugliancich, Narek, Sahakyan, Takayuki, Saito, Shunsuke, Sakurai, Francesco Gabriele Saturni, Bernd, Schleicher, Kevin, Schmidt, Thomas, Schweizer, Julian, Sitarek, Iva, ( (S))nidari('(c)), Dorota, Sobczy('(n))ska, Alessia, Spolon, Antonio, Stamerra, Jelena Stri( (s))kovi('(c)), Derek, Strom, Marcel, Strzys, Yusuke, Suda, Tihomir, Suri('(c)), Mitsunari, Takahashi, Ryuji, Takeishi, Fabrizio, Tavecchio, Petar, Temnikov, Tomislav, Terzic, Masahiro, Teshima, Luca, Tosti, Stefano, Truzzi, Antonio, Tutone, Santiago, Ubach, Juliane van Scherpenberg, Gaia, Vanzo, Monica VAZQUEZ ACOSTA, Sofia, Ventura, Vassil, Verguilov, Carlo Francesco Vigorito, Vincenzo, Vitale, Ievgen, Vovk, Martin, Will, Carolin, Wunderlich, Tokonatsu, Yamamoto, Darko, Zari('(c)), Matteo, Balbo, Thomas, Bretz, Jens, Buss, Laura, Eisenberger, Dorothee, Hildebrand, Roman, Iotov, Adelina, Kalenski, Dominik, Neise, Maximilian, Noethe, Aleksander, Paravac, Vitalii, Sliusar, Roland, Walter, Rasha, Abbasi, Markus, Ackermann, Jenni, Adams, Juanan, Aguilar, Ahlers, M., Maryon, Ahrens, Cyril Martin Alispach, Antonio Augusto Alves Junior, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, Rui, An, Karen, Andeen, Tyler, Anderson, Gisela, Anton, Carlos, Arguelles, Yosuke, Ashida, Spencer, Axani, Xinhua, Bai, Aswathi Balagopal, V., Anastasia Maria Barbano, Barwick, S. W., Benjamin, Bastian, Vedant, Basu, Sebastian, Baur, Bay, R. C., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Julia Becker Tjus, Chiara, Bellenghi, Segev, Benzvi, Berley, D., Besson, D. Z., Gary, Binder, Daniel, Bindig, Blaufuss, E., Summer, Blot, Matthias, Boddenberg, Federico, Bontempo, Jurgen, Borowka, Boser, S., Olga, Botner, Jakob, Bottcher, Etienne, Bourbeau, Federica, Bradascio, Braun, J., Stephanie, Bron, Jannes, Brostean-Kaiser, Sally-Ann, Browne, Alexander, Burgman, Ryan, Burley, Raffaela, Busse, Michael, Campana, Erin, Carnie-Bronca, Chujie, Chen, Dmitry, Chirkin, Koun, Choi, Bryanlee, Clark, Kenneth, Clark, Lew, Classen, Alan, Coleman, Gabriel, Collin, Conrad, J. M., Paul, Coppin, Pablo, Correa, Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Christian, Dappen, Pranav, Dave, Catherine DE CLERCQ, James, Delaunay, Hans, Dembinski, Kunal, Deoskar, Sam De Ridder, Abhishek, Desai, Paolo, Desiati, Krijn de Vries, Gwenhaël de Wasseige, Meike De With, Tyce, Deyoung, Sukeerthi, Dharani, Alejandro, Diaz, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Markus, Dittmer, Hrvoje, Dujmovic, Matt, Dunkman, Michael, Duvernois, Emily, Dvorak, Thomas, Ehrhardt, Philipp, Eller, Ralph, Engel, Hannah, Erpenbeck, John, Evans, Evenson, P. A., Kwok Lung Fan, Fazely, A. R., Sebastian, Fiedlschuster, Aaron, Fienberg, Kirill, Filimonov, Chad, Finley, Leander, Fischer, Derek, B Fox, Anna, Franckowiak, Elizabeth, Friedman, Alexander, Fritz, Philipp, Furst, Gaisser, T. K., Jay, Gallagher, Erik, Ganster, Alfonso, Garcia, Simone, Garrappa, Gerhardt, L., Ava, Ghadimi, Christian, Glaser, Theo, Glauch, Thorsten, Glusenkamp, Goldschmidt, A., Javier, Gonzalez, Sreetama, Goswami, Darren, Grant, Timoth('(e))e, Gr('(e))goire, Spencer, Griswold, Mehmet, Gunduz, Christoph, Günther, Christian, Haack, Allan, Hallgren, Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Martin Ha Minh, Kael, Hanson, John, Hardin, Harnisch, Alexander A., Andreas, Haungs, Simon, Hauser, Dustin, Hebecker, Helbing, K., Felix, Henningsen, Hettinger, Emma C., Stephanie, Hickford, Joshua, Hignight, Colton, Hill, Hill, G. C., Kara, Hoffman, Ruth, Hoffmann, Tobias, Hoinka, Benjamin, Hokanson-Fasig, Hoshina, K., Feifei, Huang, Matthias, Huber, Thomas, Huber, Klas, Hultqvist, Mirco, Hunnefeld, Raamis, Hussain, Seongjin, In, Nad(`(e))ge, Iovine, Aya, Ishihara, Matti, Jansson, George, Japaridze, Minjin, Jeong, Ben, Jones, Donghwa, Kang, Woosik, Kang, Xinyue, Kang, Alexander, Kappes, David, Kappesser, Timo, Karg, Martina, Karl, Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Moritz, Kellermann, Kelley, J. L., Ali, Kheirandish, Ken( extquotesingle)ichi Kin, Thomas, Kintscher, Joanna, Kiryluk, Spencer, Klein, Ramesh, Koirala, Hermann, Kolanoski, Tomas, Kontrimas, Lutz, Kopke, Claudio, Kopper, Sandro, Kopper, Koskinen, D. J., Paras, Koundal, Michael, Kovacevich, Marek, Kowalski, Tetiana, Kozynets, Emma, Kun, Naoko, Kurahashi, Neha, Lad, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, Justin, Lanfranchi, Michael, J Larson, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Jeffrey, Lazar, Jiwoong, Lee, Kayla, Leonard, Agnieszka, Leszczy('(n))ska, Yijia, Li, Massimiliano, Lincetto, Qinrui, Liu, Maria, Liubarska, Elisa, Lohfink, Cristian Jesus Lozano Mariscal, Lu, Lu, Francesco, Lucarelli, Andrew, Ludwig, William, Luszczak, Yang, Lyu, Wing Yan Ma, James, Madsen, Kendall, Mahn, Yuya, Makino, Sarah, Mancina, Ioana Codrina Maris, Maruyama, Reina H., Mase, K., Thomas, Mcelroy, Frank, Mcnally, James Vincent Mead, Meagher, K., Andres, Medina, Maximilian, Meier, Stephan, Meighen-Berger, Jessie, Micallef, Daniela, Mockler, Teresa, Montaruli, Roger, Moore, Morse, R., Marjon, Moulai, Richard, Naab, Ryo, Nagai, Uwe, Naumann, Jannis, Necker, Le Viet Nguyen, Hans, Niederhausen, Mehr, Nisa, Sarah, Nowicki, Dave, Nygren, Anna Obertacke Pollmann, Marie, Oehler, Olivas, A., Erin O( extquotesingle)Sullivan, Hershal, Pandya, Daria, Pankova, Nahee, Park, Grant, Parker, Ek Narayan Paudel, Larissa, Paul, Carlos Perez de los Heros, Lilly, Peters, Saskia, Philippen, Damian, Pieloth, Sarah, Pieper, Martin, Pittermann, Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Yuiry, Popovych, Alessio, Porcelli, Maria Prado Rodriguez, Buford Price, P., Brandom, Pries, Gerald, Przybylski, Christoph, Raab, Amirreza, Raissi, Mohamed, Rameez, Rawlins, K., Immacolata Carmen Rea, Abdul, Rehman, Ren('(e)), Reimann, Giovanni, Renzi, Elisa, Resconi, Simeon, Reusch, Mike, Richman, Benedikt, Riedel, Ella, Roberts, Sally, Robertson, Gerrit, Roellinghoff, Martin, Rongen, Carsten, Rott, Tim, Ruhe, Dirk, Ryckbosch, Devyn Rysewyk Cantu, Ibrahim, Safa, Julian, Saffer, Sebastian Sanchez Herrera, Alexander, Sandrock, Joakim, Sandroos, Marcos, Santander, Subir, Sarkar, Sourav, Sarkar, Maximilian Karl Scharf, Merlin, Schaufel, Harald, Schieler, Sebastian, Schindler, Schlunder, P., Torsten, Schmidt, Austin, Schneider, Judith, Schneider, Schröder, Frank G., Lisa Johanna Schumacher, Georg, Schwefer, Steve, Sclafani, Seckel, D., Surujhdeo, Seunarine, Ankur, Sharma, Shefali, Shefali, Manuel, Silva, Barbara, Skrzypek, Ben, Smithers, Robert, Snihur, Jan, Soedingrekso, Dennis, Soldin, Christian, Spannfellner, Glenn, Spiczak, Christian, Spiering, Juliana, Stachurska, Michael, Stamatikos, Stanev, T., Robert, Stein, Joeran, Stettner, Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Timo, Sturwald, Thomas, Stuttard, Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Frederik, Tenholt, Samvel, Ter-Antonyan, Tilav, S., Franziska, Tischbein, Kirsten, Tollefson, Christoph, Tönnis, Simona, Toscano, Delia, Tosi, Alexander, Trettin, Maria, Tselengidou, Chunfai, Tung, Andrea, Turcati, Roxanne, Turcotte, Colin, Turley, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Bunheng, Ty, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Nora, Valtonen-Mattila, Justin, Vandenbroucke, Nick van Eijndhoven, David, Vannerom, Jakob van Santen, Stef, Verpoest, Matthias, Vraeghe, Walck, C., Timothyblake, Watson, Chris, Weaver, Philip, Weigel, Andreas, Weindl, Matthew, Weiss, Jan, Weldert, Chris, Wendt, Johannes, Werthebach, Mark, Weyrauch, Nathan, Whitehorn, Wiebusch, C. H., Dawn, Williams, Martin, Wolf, Kurt, Woschnagg, Gerrit, Wrede, Johan, Wulff, Xianwu, Xu, Yiqian, Xu, Juan Pablo Yanez, Yoshida, S., Shiqi, Yu, Tianlu, Yuan, Zelong, Zhang, Weidong, Jin, Hassan, Abdalla, Felix, Aharonian, Faical, Ait-Benkhali, Oguzhan, Anguener, Cornelia, Arcaro, Celine, Armand, Tom, Armstrong, Halim, Ashkar, Michael, Backes, Vardan, Baghmanyan, Victor Barbosa Martins, Anna, Barnacka, Monica, Barnard, Rowan, Batzofin, Yvonne, Becherini, David, Berge, Konrad, Bernlöhr, Baiyang, Bi, Markus, Boettcher, Catherine, Boisson, Julien, Bolmont, Mathieu de Bony, Mischa, Breuhaus, Robert, Brose, Francois, Brun, Tomasz, Bulik, Thomas, Bylund, Floriane, Cangemi, Sami, Caroff, Sabrina, Casanova, Jaqueline, Catalano, Pauline, Chambery, Tej Bahadur Chand, Andrew, Chen, Garret, Cotter, Malgorzata, Curlo, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Isak Delberth Davids, James, Davies, Justine, Devin, Arache, Djannati-Ataï, Anton, Dmytriiev, Axel, Donath, Victor, Doroshenko, Lente, Dreyer, Louis Du Plessis, Connor, Duffy, Kathrin, Egberts, Sabrina, Einecke, Gabriel, Emery, Jean-Pierre, Ernenwein, Steven, Fegan, Kirsty, Feijen, Armand, Fiasson, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Gerard, Fontaine, Lott, Frans, Matthias, Fuessling, Stefan, Funk, Stefano, Gabici, Yves, Gallant, Shahede, Ghafourizade, Gianluca, Giavitto, Luca, Giunti, Dorit, Glawion, Jean-Francois, Glicenstein, Marie-H('(e))l(`(e))ne, Grondin, Sumari, Hattingh, Maria, Haupt, German, Hermann, Jim, Hinton, Werner, Hofmann, Clemens, Hoischen, Tim, Holch, Markus, Holler, Dieter, Horns, Zhiqiu, Huang, David, Huber, Mario, Hörbe, Marek, Jamrozy, Felix, Jankowsky, Vikas, Joshi, Ira, Jung, Eli, Kasai, Krzysztof, Katarzynski, Ul(`(i)), Katz, Dmitry, Khangulyan, Bruno, Khelifi, Stefan, Klepser, Wlodek, Kluzniak, Nukri, Komin, Ruslan, Konno, Karl, Kosack, Dmitriy, Kostunin, Michael, Kreter, Ga( (s))per Kukec Mezek, Anu, Kundu, Giovanni, Lamanna, S('(e))bastien Le Stum, Anne, Lemiere, Marianne, Lemoine-Goumard, Jean-Philippe, Lenain, Fabian, Leuschner, Christelle, Levy, Thomas, Lohse, Anna, Luashvili, Iryna, Lypova, Jonathan, Mackey, Jhilik, Majumdar, Denys, Malyshev, Dmitry, Malyshev, Vincent, Marandon, Paolo, Marchegiani, Alexandre, Marcowith, Arnaud, Mares, Guillem Marti( extquotesingle)i-Devesa, Ramin, Marx, Gilles, Maurin, Pieter, Meintjes, Manuel, Meyer, Alison, Mitchell, Rafal, Moderski, Lars, Mohrmann, Alessandro, Montanari, Chris, Moore, Paul, Morris, Emmanuel, Moulin, Jacques, Muller, Thomas, Murach, Kaori, Nakashima, Mathieu Naurois (de), Amid, Nayerhoda, Hambeleleni, Ndiyavala, Jacek, Niemiec, Angel, Noel, Paul O( extquotesingle)Brien, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Stefan, Ohm, Laura, Olivera-Nieto, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi (de), Michal, Ostrowski, Sebastian, Panny, Michael, Panter, Dan, Parsons, Giada, Peron, Santiago, Pita, Vincent, Poireau, Dmitry, Prokhorov, Heike, Prokoph, Gerd, Puehlhofer, Michael, Punch, Andreas, Quirrenbach, Patrick, Reichherzer, Anita, Reimer, Olaf, Reimer, Quentin, Remy, Matthieu, Renaud, Brian, Reville, Frank, Rieger, Carlo, Romoli, Gavin, Rowell, Bronislaw, Rudak, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Vardan, Sahakian, Simon, Sailer, Heiko, Salzmann, David, Sanchez, Andrea, Santangelo, Manami, Sasaki, Johannes, Schaefer, Hester, Schutte, Ullrich, Schwanke, Fabian, Schüssler, Mohanraj, Senniappan, Albert, Seyffert, Shapopi, Jimmy N. S., Kleopas, Shiningayamwe, Rachel, Simoni, Atreyee, Sinha, Helene, Sol, Hugh, Spackman, Andreas, Specovius, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Marion, Spir-Jacob, Lukasz, Stawarz, Riaan, Steenkamp, Christian, Stegmann, Simon, Steinmassl, Constantin, Steppa, Lei, Sun, Tadayuki, Takahashi, Takaaki, Tanaka, Thomas, Tavernier, Andrew, Taylor, Regis, Terrier, Hannes, Thiersen, Charles, Thorpe-Morgan, Martin, Tluczykont, Lenka, Tomankova, Michelle, Tsirou, Naomi, Tsuji, Richard, Tuffs, Yasunobu, Uchiyama, Johann van der Walt, Christopher van Eldik, Carlo van Rensburg, Brian van Soelen, George, Vasileiadis, Johannes, Veh, Christo, Venter, Pascal, Vincent, Jacco, Vink, Völk, Heinrich J., Stefan, Wagner, Jason John Watson, Felix, Werner, Richard, White, Alicja, Wierzcholska, Yu Wun Wong, Hend, Yassin, Anke, Yusafzai, Michael, Zacharias, Roberta, Zanin, Davit, Zargaryan, Andrzej, Zdziarski, Andreas, Zech, Sylvia, Zhu, Andreas, Zmija, Samuel, Zouari, Natalia, Zywucka, The FACT Collaboration, The H.E.S.S. Collaboration, The IceCube Collaboration, The MAGIC Collaboration, The VERITAS Collaboration, and Współautorami artykułu są członkowie Magic Collaboration, IceCube Collaboration, FACT Collaboration, H.E.S.S. Collaboration, VERITAS Collaboration w liczbie 808

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, IACT, Astrophysics, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Telescope, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), law, HESS - Abteilung Hinton, ddc:530, High Energy Physics::Experiment, MAGIC (telescope), Neutrino, Blazar, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The realtime follow-up of neutrino events is a promising approach to search for astrophysical neutrino sources. It has so far provided compelling evidence for a neutrino point source: the flaring gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 observed in coincidence with the high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A detected by IceCube. The detection of very-high-energy gamma rays (VHE, $\mathrm{E} > 100\,\mathrm{GeV}$) from this source helped establish the coincidence and constrained the modeling of the blazar emission at the time of the IceCube event. The four major imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays (IACTs) - FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS - operate an active follow-up program of target-of-opportunity observations of neutrino alerts sent by IceCube. This program has two main components. One are the observations of known gamma-ray sources around which a cluster of candidate neutrino events has been identified by IceCube (Gamma-ray Follow-Up, GFU). Second one is the follow-up of single high-energy neutrino candidate events of potential astrophysical origin such as IceCube-170922A. GFU has been recently upgraded by IceCube in collaboration with the IACT groups. We present here recent results from the IACT follow-up programs of IceCube neutrino alerts and a description of the upgraded IceCube GFU system., Presented at the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021). See arXiv:2107.06966 for all IceCube contributions. See arXiv:2108.05257 for all H.E.S.S. contributions

Published
2022

27. [Self-assessment of daily activities using the Duruöz Hand Index-Validation of the German translation]

Author

Sonja, Krupp, Feliza, Schöne, Friedrich, Balck, Werner, Hofmann, Martin, Willkomm, and Jennifer, Kasper

Subjects
Self-Assessment, Hand Strength, Activities of Daily Living, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Hand, Aged
Abstract

Independence in activities of daily living depends to a large extent on the upper extremities; however, the instruments widely used in geriatrics to assess self-care abilities do not allow a focus on this body region. In order to map the fluctuating course of hand function-dependent daily living skills with a self-assessment instrument, rheumatologists have developed the Duruöz Hand Index (DHI).The German translation authorized by Duruöz was tested for its applicability in the assessment of geriatric outpatient and day hospital patients and test quality criteria were determined.Study participants completed the DHI three times. A postgraduate student blinded to the results performed an anamnesis and examination. The geriatric team made an inter-professional assessment of hand function-related daily living skills twice with at least 2‑week intervals.Data collection was performed from 16 November 2016 to 27 April 2017 on 101 geriatric day hospital or outpatient patients. Retest reliability was high (0.937), as was internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.949). Difficulty with activities of daily living correlated more closely with joint mobility (Keitel Index) and fine motor skills (20 cents test) than with hand strength.The DHI provides a survey of difficulties with activities of daily living that is focused on the upper extremities. Because about one in three patients required assistance (answering follow-up questions, reading aloud) despite the exclusion of patients with more severely impaired cognition and vision, the examiner should remain present.HINTERGRUND: Die Selbstständigkeit in Alltagsaktivitäten hängt in hohem Maß von den oberen Extremitäten ab. Die in der Geriatrie breit eingesetzten Instrumente zur Erfassung der Selbstversorgungsfähigkeiten erlauben aber keine Fokussierung auf diese Körperregion. Um den fluktuierenden Verlauf von der Handfunktion abhängiger Alltagsfähigkeiten mit einem Selbstbeurteilungsinstrument abzubilden, haben Rheumatologen den Duruöz Hand-Index (DHI) entwickelt.Die von Duruöz autorisierte deutsche Übersetzung wurde auf ihre Anwendbarkeit im Assessment ambulanter und tagesklinischer geriatrischer Patienten überprüft, und Testgütekriterien wurden bestimmt.Die Studienteilnehmenden füllten den DHI 3‑mal aus. Eine für die Ergebnisse verblindete Doktorandin führte eine Anamnese und Untersuchung durch. Das geriatrische Team bewertete mit mindestens 2‑wöchigem Intervall 2‑mal die auf die Handfunktion bezogene Alltagskompetenz interprofessionell.Die Datenerhebung erfolgte vom 16.11.2016 bis 27.04.2017 an 101 tagesklinischen oder ambulanten Geriatriepatienten. Die Retest-Reliabilität war hoch (0,937), ebenso die interne Konsistenz (Cronbachs α 0,949). Schwierigkeiten bei Alltagsaktivitäten korrelierten enger mit der Gelenkbeweglichkeit (Keitel-Index) und Feinmotorik (20-Cents-Test) als mit der Handkraft.Der DHI ermöglicht eine auf die oberen Extremitäten fokussierte Erhebung der Schwierigkeiten bei Alltagsaktivitäten. Da trotz Ausschluss von Patienten mit höhergradig gestörter Kognition und Sehfähigkeit etwa jeder Dritte Unterstützung benötigte (Nachfragen beantworten, vorlesen), sollte der Untersucher anwesend bleiben.

Published
2022

28. Wavelength locking and determination in tunable lasers by gain Voltage measurement

Author

David de Felipe, Nicolai Friedhoff, Martin Kresse, Moritz Kleinert, Norbert Keil, Walter Brinker, Gelani Irmscher, Magnus Happach, Martin Schell, Crispin Zawadzki, Martin Moehrle, Werner Hofmann, and Publica

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Single-mode optical fiber, Physics::Optics, Laser, Signal, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Wavelength, Fiber Bragg grating, law, Optical cavity, Optoelectronics, business, Lasing threshold, Voltage
Abstract

In this paper we demonstrate the feasibility of low cost lasers with an integrated wavelength locker and wavelength meter. We use a reflection at the polymer chip to single mode fiber butt coupling point to establish optical feedback outside the laser cavity to make the gain voltage wavelength dependent. With this signal we can keep the alignment of the lasing mode and the Bragg grating optimal and can determine the absolute wavelength of the emitted wavelength without additional hardware.

Published
2022

29. Limits on primordial black hole evaporation from H.E.S.S. observations

Author

Hannah Dalgleish, Michael Punch, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Stefan Ohm, Stefan Klepser, M. Fuessling, Constantin Steppa, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Alessandro Montanari, Stefano Gabici, Felix Aharonian, Dan Parsons, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Gianluca Giavitto, Sumari Hattingh, Takaaki Tanaka, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, Laura Olivera-Nieto, A. Yusafzai, M.-H. Grondin, U. Katz, N. Zywucka, Alison Mitchell, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Catherine Boisson, J. Bolmont, Victor Barbosa Martins, Ullrich Schwanke, P. T. O'Brien, Jhilik Majumdar, Markus Boettcher, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Dieter Horns, C. Arcaro, Floriane Cangemi, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Carlo van Rensburg, Albert Seyffert, Justine Devin, Gavin Rowell, G. Vasileiadis, Johann van der Walt, V. Sahakian, K. Nakashima, Sébastien Le Stum, Denys Malyshev, Regis Terrier, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, Tadayuki Takahashi, Victor Doroshenko, L. Giunti, E. Kasai, Vikas Joshi, Carlo Romoli, Yves Gallant, Frank M. Rieger, Atreyee Sinha, Kirsty Feijen, K. Bernloehr, Samuel Zouari, Andreas Zmija, Christian Stegmann, Michal Ostrowski, Stefan Wagner, J.-P. Lenain, Christo Venter, Hugh Spackman, S. J. Fegan, Andreas Zech, Jason John Watson, Heinrich J. Völk, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Matthieu Renaud, Mohanraj Senniappan, L. Mohrmann, Lukasz Stawarz, Anton Dmytriiev, German Hermann, Paul Morris, Johannes Veh, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, James Davies, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Michelle Tsirou, Michael Kreter, Anne Lemiere, Rachel Simoni, Andreas Quirrenbach, Manami Sasaki, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, Jacek Niemiec, M. Hörbe, Andreas Specovius, Andrea Santangelo, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Olaf Reimer, Michael Zacharias, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Martin Tluczykont, Yu Wun Wong, Robert Brose, Michael Backes, Francois Brun, Thomas Lohse, Marek Jamrozy, Jaqueline Catalano, T. Chand, Thomas Murach, Arache Djannati-Ataï, P. Reichherzer, Gašper Kukec Mezek, P. Vincent, Anita Reimer, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Nukri Komin, G. Lamanna, Helene Sol, R. Konno, Monica Barnard, Anna Barnacka, Heiko Salzmann, G. Peron, Vincent Marandon, Hannes Thiersen, Andrew Taylor, Garret Cotter, Tim Holch, Dmitriy Kostunin, Hend Yassin, Isak Delberth Davids, Manuel Meyer, A. Fiasson, Tom Armstrong, Celine Armand, Johannes Schaefer, Roberta Zanin, Zhiqiu Huang, Paolo Marchegiani, Vardan Baghmanyan, Naomi Tsuji, Mathieu Naurois, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Gerard Fontaine, Brian van Soelen, David Sanchez, Santiago Pita, Werner Hofmann, Hester Schutte, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Gilles Maurin, J. F. Glicenstein, Thomas Tavernier, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Bruno Khelifi, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Lenka Tomankova, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Yvonne Becherini, Hassan Abdalla, C. Levy, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Richard White, Jacco Vink, Heike Prokoph, Marion Spir-Jacob, David Huber, Amid Nayerhoda, Maria Haupt, Sabrina Casanova, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, B. Rudak, Kathrin Egberts, Christopher van Eldik, Rafal Moderski, Anna Luashvili, Lott Frans, Jim Hinton, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Angel Noel, Jonathan Mackey, C. Moore, Dorit Glawion, Davit Zargaryan, Tomasz Bulik, Malgorzata Curlo, Lente Dreyer, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Riaan Steenkamp, Fabian Schüssler, Emmanuel Moulin, Thomas Bylund, Rowan Batzofin, Jacques Muller, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Louis Du Plessis, Anu Kundu, D. Malyshev, Ira Jung, Sebastian Panny, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, and Arnaud Mares

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Gravitational collapse, Evaporation, Order (ring theory), Primordial black hole, Astrophysics, Radiation, Universe, media_common, Hawking radiation
Abstract

Primordial Black Holes are expected to be formed in the early Universe by the gravitational collapse of overdense regions, among other mechanisms. They are also expected to loose their mass over time by the Hawking radiation process. As the rates of this radiation increase with temperature, the PBH evaporation should result in a violent explosion. The current upper limits on explosion rates are on the order of 10$^{4}$ − 10$^{5}$pc$^{-3}$yr$^{-1}$. In this contribution we'll present the results of a search for TeV γ-ray burst within timescale of few seconds, using nearly 5000 hours of H.E.S.S. data. The search algorithm and statistical estimation strategy will be presented as well as cosmological implications of this measurement.

Published
2022

30. Detection of new Extreme BL Lac objects with H.E.S.S. and Swift XRT

Author

Angel Priyana Noel, Hassan Abdalla, Felix Aharonian, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Oguzhan Anguener, Cornelia Arcaro, Celine Armand, Tom Armstrong, Halim Ashkar, Michael Backes, Vardan Baghmanyan, Victor Barbosa Martins, Anna Barnacka, Monica Barnard, Rowan William Batzofin, Yvonne Becherini, David Berge, Konrad Bernloehr, Baiyang Bi, Markus Böttcher, Catherine Boisson, Julien Bolmont, Mathieu Bony (de), Mischa Breuhaus, Robert Brose, Francois Brun, Tomasz Bulik, Thomas Bylund, Floriane Cangemi, Sami Caroff, Sabrina Casanova, Jaqueline Catalano, Pauline Chambery, Tej Bahadur Chand, Andrew Chen, Garret Cotter, Malgorzata Curlo, Hannah Dalgleish, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Isak Delberth Davids, James Davies, Justine Devin, Arache Djannati-Ataï, Anton Dmytriev, Axel Donath, Victor Doroshenko, Lente Dreyer, Louis Du Plessis, Connor Duffy, Kathrin Egberts, Sabrina Einecke, Jean-Pierre ERNENWEIN, Steven Fegan, Kirsty Feijen, Armand Fiasson, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Gerard Fontaine, Lott Frans, Matthias Fuessling, Stefan Funk, Stefano Gabici, Yves Gallant, Gianluca Giavitto, Luca Giunti, Dorit Glawion, Jean-Francois Glicenstein, Marie-Hélène Grondin, Sumari Hattingh, Maria Haupt, German HERMANN, Jim Hinton, Werner Hofmann, Clemens Hoischen, Tim Holch, Markus Holler, Dieter Horns, Zhi-Qiu Huang, David Huber, Mario Hörbe, Marek Jamrozy, Felix Jankowsky, Vikas Joshi, Ira JUNG, Eli Kasai, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Ulì Katz, Dmitry Khangulyan, Bruno Khelifi, Stefan Klepser, Wlodek Kluzniak, Nukri Komin, Ruslan Konno, Karl Kosack, Dmitriy Kostunin, Michael Kreter, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Anu Kundu, Giovanni Lamanna, Sebastien Le Stum, Anne Lemiere, Marianne Lemoine-Goumard, Jean-Philippe Lenain, Fabian Leuschner, Christelle Levy, Thomas Lohse, Anna Luashvili, Iryna Lypova, Jonathan Mackey, Jhilik Majumdar, Denys Malyshev, Dmitry Malyshev, Vincent Marandon, Paolo Marchegiani, Alexandre Marcowith, Arnaud Mares, Guillem Martí-Devesa, Ramin Marx, Gilles Maurin, Pieter Meintjes, Manuel Meyer, Alison Mitchell, Rafal Moderski, Lars Mohrmann, Alessandro Montanari, Chris Moore, Paul Morris, Emmanuel Moulin, Jacques Muller, Thomas Murach, Kaori Nakashima, Mathieu Naurois (de), Amid Nayerhoda, Hambeleleni Davids, Jacek Niemiec, Paul O'Brien, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Stefan Ohm, Laura Olivera-Nieto, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi (de), Michal Ostrowski, Sebastian Panny, Michael Panter, Dan Parsons, Giada Peron, Santiago Pita, Vincent Poireau, Dmitry A Prokhorov, Heike Prokoph, Gerd PUEHLHOFER, Michael Punch, Andreas Quirrenbach, Patrick Reichherzer, Anita Reimer, Olaf Reimer, Quentin Remy, Matthieu Renaud, Brian Reville, Frank Rieger, Carlo Romoli, Gavin P Rowell, Bronislaw Rudak, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Vardan Sahakian, Simon Sailer, Heiko Salzmann, David Sanchez, Andrea Santangelo, Manami Sasaki, Johannes Schaefer, Hester Schutte, Ullrich Schwanke, Fabian Schüssler, Mohanraj Senniappan, Albert Seyffert, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Rachel Simoni, Atreyee Sinha, Helene Sol, Hugh Spackman, Andreas Specovius, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Marion Spir-Jacob, Lukasz Stawarz, Riaan Steenkamp, Christian Stegmann, Simon Steinmassl, Constantin Steppa, Lei Sun, Tadayuki Takahashi, Takaaki Tanaka, Thomas Tavernier, Andrew Taylor, Regis Terrier, Hannes Thiersen, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Martin Tluczykont, Lenka Tomankova, Michelle Tsirou, Naomi Tsuji, Richard Tuffs, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Johann van der Walt, Christopher van Eldik, Carlo van Rensburg, Brian van Soelen, George Vasileiadis, Johannes Veh, Christo Venter, Pascal Vincent, Jacco Vink, Heinrich J. Völk, Stefan Wagner, Jason John Watson, Felix Werner, Richard White, Alicja Wierzcholska, Yu Wun Wong, Hend Mahmoud Yassin, Anke Yusafzai, Michael Zacharias, Roberta Zanin, Davit Zargaryan, Andrzej Zdziarski, Andreas Zech, Sylvia Zhu, Andreas Zmija, Samuel Zouari, Natalia Żywucka, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H.E.S.S., and Fermi-LAT

Subjects
accelerator, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, gamma ray: absorption, VHE, law.invention, blazar, X-ray, particle: acceleration, law, HESS, synchrotron, Radiative transfer, TeV, High Energy Stereoscopic System, 10. No inequality, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Blazar, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Range (particle radiation), energy: high, redshift, Redshift, Synchrotron, Particle acceleration, spectral, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Extreme high synchrotron peaked blazars (EHBLs) are amongst the most powerful accelerators found in nature. Usually the synchrotron peak frequency of an EHBL is above $10^{17}\,$Hz, i.e., lies in the range of medium to hard X-rays making them ideal sources to study particle acceleration and radiative processes. EHBL objects are commonly observed at energies beyond several TeV, making them also powerful probes of gamma-ray absorption in the intergalactic medium. During the last decade, several attempts have been made to increase the number of EHBL detected at TeV energies and probe their spectral characteristics. Here we report new detections of EHBLs in the TeV energy regime, each at a redshift of less than 0.2, by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). Also, we report on X-ray observations of these EHBLs candidates with Swift XRT. In conjunction with the very high energy observations, this allows us to probe the radiation mechanisms and the underlying particle acceleration processes., Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021)

Published
2022

31. H.E.S.S. ToO program on nearby core-collapse Supernovae : search for very-high energy γ-ray emission towards the SN candidate AT2019krl in M74

Author

German Hermann, Paul Morris, Tadayuki Takahashi, Victor Doroshenko, Ramin Marx, Marek Jamrozy, E. Kasai, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Helene Sol, M. Panter, Denys Malyshev, U. Katz, Stefan Klepser, Alessandro Montanari, Markus Boettcher, Jacek Niemiec, Johannes Veh, Olaf Reimer, Regis Terrier, Robert Brose, M.-H. Grondin, Paolo Marchegiani, Matthieu Renaud, Stefan Ohm, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Thomas Murach, Carlo Romoli, Frank M. Rieger, Constantin Steppa, T. Chand, Laura Olivera-Nieto, Mohanraj Senniappan, G. Peron, Stefano Gabici, A. Yusafzai, Garret Cotter, Zhiqiu Huang, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Ullrich Schwanke, Johannes Schaefer, Sébastien Le Stum, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Arache Djannati-Ataï, Hannah Dalgleish, P. Reichherzer, Santiago Pita, Justine Devin, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Martin Tluczykont, Maria Haupt, J. Bolmont, G. Lamanna, M. Hörbe, Albert Seyffert, Isak Delberth Davids, A. Fiasson, Rachel Simoni, Roberta Zanin, P. T. O'Brien, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, C. Levy, James Davies, Dmitriy Kostunin, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Michal Ostrowski, Michael Backes, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, J.-P. Lenain, Jaqueline Catalano, Hugh Spackman, Dan Parsons, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Atreyee Sinha, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, S. J. Fegan, Brian van Soelen, N. Zywucka, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Anton Dmytriiev, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, K. Nakashima, Christo Venter, Hend Yassin, Tim Holch, Kirsty Feijen, M. Fuessling, R. Konno, Manami Sasaki, Anna Barnacka, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Manuel Meyer, Francois Brun, Andrew Taylor, Vikas Joshi, K. Bernloehr, P. Vincent, Anita Reimer, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Naomi Tsuji, Stefan Funk, Andrea Santangelo, Alicja Wierzcholska, Mathieu Naurois, Thomas Tavernier, Catherine Boisson, Floriane Cangemi, Gerard Fontaine, Anne Lemiere, Felix Aharonian, B. Rudak, V. Poireau, Kathrin Egberts, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Heiko Salzmann, Hester Schutte, Jhilik Majumdar, Heinrich J. Völk, Andreas Specovius, Lukasz Stawarz, G. Vasileiadis, Richard White, Victor Barbosa Martins, Andreas Zmija, Jacco Vink, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Yu Wun Wong, Alison Mitchell, Jason John Watson, Celine Armand, David Huber, Andreas Quirrenbach, Sabrina Casanova, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Michael Kreter, Vincent Marandon, Hannes Thiersen, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, L. Giunti, Vardan Baghmanyan, Michael Zacharias, Christian Stegmann, Thomas Lohse, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Yasunobu Uchiyama, L. Mohrmann, Carlo van Rensburg, C. Arcaro, Christopher van Eldik, Samuel Zouari, Rafal Moderski, V. Sahakian, David Sanchez, Gavin Rowell, Michelle Tsirou, Yves Gallant, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Werner Hofmann, Sabrina Einecke, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Iryna Lypova, Yvonne Becherini, Lenka Tomankova, Heike Prokoph, Monica Barnard, Marion Spir-Jacob, Amid Nayerhoda, Gilles Maurin, J. F. Glicenstein, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Bruno Khelifi, Jim Hinton, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Hassan Abdalla, Davit Zargaryan, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Fabian Schüssler, Emmanuel Moulin, Gianluca Giavitto, Ira Jung, Sebastian Panny, Louis Du Plessis, Sumari Hattingh, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Thomas Bylund, Rowan Batzofin, Takaaki Tanaka, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, Jacques Muller, Anna Luashvili, Stuart Ryder, Lott Frans, Arnaud Mares, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Angel Noel, Jonathan Mackey, C. Moore, Dorit Glawion, D. Malyshev, Tomasz Bulik, Riaan Steenkamp, Malgorzata Curlo, Lente Dreyer, Anu Kundu, Michael Punch, Dieter Horns, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, and Johann van der Walt

Subjects
Core (optical fiber), Physics, Supernova, High energy, Gamma ray, Collapse (topology), Astrophysics
Abstract

While the youngest known supernova remnants (SNRs), such as Cassiopeia A (Cas A), have been proven to be able to accelerate cosmic rays (CRs) only up to ∼ 10$^{14}$ eV at their present evolutionary stages, recent studies have shown that particle energies larger than a few PeV (10$^{15}$ eV) could be reached during the early stages of a core-collapse Supernova (cc-SN), when the high-velocity forward shock expands into the dense circumstellar medium (CSM) shaped by the stellar progenitor wind. Such environments, in particular the type IIn SNe whose progenitors may exhibit mass loss rates as high as 10$^{-2}$ M$_{\bigodot}$ yr$^{-1}$, could thus lead to γ-ray emission from $\pi ^{0}$ decay in hadronic interactions, potentially detectable with current Cherenkov telescopes at very-high energies. Such a detection would provide direct evidence for efficient acceleration of CR protons/nuclei in supernovae, and hence new insights on the long-standing issue of the origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays. In that context, the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) has been carrying out a Target of Opportunity program since 2016 to search for such an early very-high-energy γ-ray emission towards nearby core-collapse supernovae and supernova candidates (up to ∼ 10 Mpc), within a few weeks after discovery. After giving an overview of this H.E.S.S. Target of Opportunity program, we present the results obtained from the July 2019 observations towards the transient AT2019krl, originally classified as a type IIn supernova, which occurred in the galaxy M74 at ∼ 9.8 Mpc. Although its nature still remains unclear, the derived H.E.S.S. constraints on this transient are placed in the general context of the expected VHE γ-ray emission from core-collapse supernovae.

Published
2022

32. Vaskulär bedingte Demenzen erkennen und behandeln

Author

Sönke Peters, Walter Maetzler, Markus A. Hobert, Werner Hofmann, and Thorsten Bartsch

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), Geriatrics gerontology, business.industry, medicine.disease, Subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, 03 medical and health sciences, Issues, ethics and legal aspects, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Vascular dementia, business, Gerontology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Die vaskularen Demenzen (VD; aufgrund der verschiedenen Auspragungen von VD wird im vorliegenden Beitrag die Mehrzahl verwendet) stellen nach der Alzheimer-Demenz die zweithaufigste Demenzform dar und spielen besonders bei geriatrischen Patienten eine wichtige Rolle. Vaskulare Demenzen konnen nach akuten Situationen (z. B. durch Schlaganfalle) und durch langsam fortschreitende vaskulare Schadigungen auftreten. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden VD aufgrund von kortikalen und strategischen Infarkten, von mikroangiopathischen Infarkten mit Lakunen sowie von Blutungen genauer dargestellt. Dabei werden neben der klinischen Beschreibung beispielhafte radiologische Befund gezeigt sowie ein besonderes Augenmerk auf Edukation, Pravention und Rehabilitation gelegt.

Published
2020

33. Hyponatriämie im Alter (II) – eine klare Therapie

Author

Werner Hofmann, Markus Gosch, and Kristina Flägel

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), business.industry, Tolvaptan, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, Discontinuation, 03 medical and health sciences, Issues, ethics and legal aspects, 0302 clinical medicine, Continuing medical education, Older patients, Third line, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Fluid restriction, business, Intensive care medicine, Hyponatremia, Gerontology, medicine.drug, Antidiuretic
Abstract

The aim of this continuing medical education (CME) article (part II) is to describe the particular challenge of the treatment of hyponatremia, which occurs in older patients. This part II follows on from part I concerning the diagnosis in the previous volume. A staged approach is necessary. The best treatment is always when the underlying cause can be eliminated. Hyponatremia in older patients is mainly induced by the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion. The authors use a concept for the first, second and third line strategy: (1) changing or discontinuation of drugs, (2) fluid restriction and (3) tolvaptan medication. The algorithm for treatment should be simple. It also contains recommendations for the correction rate. Caution is also needed in order to avoid the occurrence of an osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS).

Published
2020

34. Hyponatriämie im Alter (Teil I) – Diagnose leicht gemacht

Author

Kristina Flägel, Werner Hofmann, and Markus Gosch

Subjects
03 medical and health sciences, Issues, ethics and legal aspects, 0302 clinical medicine, Health (social science), business.industry, 030232 urology & nephrology, Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Gerontology
Published
2020

35. Neurogeriatrie : eine Vision für die verbesserte Versorgung und Forschung für geriatrische Patienten mit führend neurologischen Erkrankungen

Author

Morad Elshehabi, Claudia Trenkwalder, Heinz L Unger, Tino Prell, Peter D. Schellinger, Thomas Mokrusch, Klaus Jahn, Annika Plate, Jochen Klucken, Roland Kurth, Hans-Juergen Heppner, Roland Nau, Karsten Witt, Christine A. F. von Arnim, Maria Cristina Polidori, Philipp Bergmann, Clemens Becker, Kai Boetzel, Albert Lukas, Dominik Spira, Johanna Geritz, Philipp Huellemann, Richard Dodel, Cornelius Bollheimer, Werner Hofmann, Christoph Gisinger, Daniela Berg, Andreas Wiedemann, Ulrich Stephani, Andreas H. Jacobs, Rainer Wirth, Thorsten Bartsch, Michael Drey, Ralf Baron, Tobias Warnecke, Marija Djukic, M. M. Weiss, Reinhard Lindner, Guenther Deuschl, Sara Maetzold, Peter P. Urban, Markus A. Hobert, Thomas Guennewig, Simone Studt, Bjoern Hauptmann, Kirsten Emmert, Juergen M. Bauer, Brit Mollenhauer, Herbert Durwen, Paul Lingor, Walter Maetzler, Georg Ebersbach, and Publica

Subjects
Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), Neurology, Interdisziplinarität, Zentren für Altersmedizin, Medizin, Interdisciplinarity, Reviews, Cognitive decline, Multidisziplinäres Team, Disease, Neurologie, Bewegungsstörung, medicine, Humans, Dementia, Neurogeriatric assessment, Movement disorder, Aged, Neurogeriatrische Untersuchung, Geriatrics, business.industry, Chronic pain, Delirium, Parkinson Disease, Multidisciplinary team, medicine.disease, Kognitive Störung, Centers for Aging Medicine, ddc, Issues, ethics and legal aspects, Mood, Nervous System Diseases, Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Geriatric medicine is a rapidly evolving field that addresses diagnostic, therapeutic and care aspects of older adults. Some disabilities and disorders affecting cognition (e.g. dementia), motor function (e.g. stroke, Parkinson’s disease, neuropathies), mood (e.g. depression), behavior (e.g. delirium) and chronic pain disorders are particularly frequent in old subjects. As knowledge about these age-associated conditions and disabilities is steadily increasing, the integral implementation of neurogeriatric knowledge in geriatric medicine and specific neurogeriatric research is essential to develop the field. This article discusses how neurological know-how could be integrated in academic geriatric medicine to improve care of neurogeriatric patients, to foster neurogeriatric research and training concepts and to provide innovative care concepts for geriatric patients with predominant neurological conditions and disabilities.

Published
2020

36. Influence of Integrated Optical Feedback on Tunable Lasers

Author

David de Felipe, Crispin Zawadzki, Wolfgang Rehbein, Gelani Irmscher, Martin Kresse, Martin Mohrle, Werner Hofmann, Magnus Happach, Moritz Kleinert, Walter Brinker, Martin Schell, Norbert Keil, Victor Nicolai Friedhoff, and Publica

Subjects
Physics, Threshold current, business.industry, Mode (statistics), Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Rate equation, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Power (physics), Laser linewidth, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Voltage drop
Abstract

In this paper we explain how to use rate equations to describe a laser that includes integrated optical feedback. We find a relation between the threshold current, the voltage drop at the gain section, output power, linewidth, and side mode suppression ratio, and show experimental results.

Published
2020

37. Mixed-gas CH4/CO2/CO detection based on linear variable optical filter and thermopile detector array

Author

Bin-Bin Xu, Wu Bin, Xueqin Lv, Xingyu Zheng, Binbin Chen, Werner Hofmann, Shaoda Zhang, and Haisheng San

Subjects
Thermopile detector, Fabrication, Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Thermopile, law.invention, Tapered cavity, Responsivity, Mixed gas detectors, law, Transmittance, lcsh:TA401-492, General Materials Science, Optical filter, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Detector, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Linear variable optical filter, Multi-layer dielectrics, Wavelength, Anti-reflective coating, Optoelectronics, lcsh:Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of a middle-infrared (MIR) linear variable optical filter (LVOF) and thermopile detectors that will be used in a miniaturized mixed gas detector for CH4/CO2/CO measurement. The LVOF was designed as a tapered-cavity Fabry-Pérot optical filter, which can transform the MIR continuous spectrum into multiple narrow band-pass spectra with peak wavelength in linear variation. Multi-layer dielectric structures were used to fabricate the Bragg reflectors on the both sides of tapered cavity as well as the antireflective film combined with the function of out-of-band rejection. The uncooled thermopile detectors were designed and fabricated as a multiple-thermocouple suspension structure using micro-electro-mechanical system technology. Experimentally, the LVOF exhibits a mean full-width-at-half-maximum of 400 nm and mean peak transmittance of 70% at the wavelength range of 2.3~5 μm. The thermopile detectors exhibit a responsivity of 146 μV/°C at the condition of room temperature. It is demonstrated that the detectors can achieve the quantification and identification of CH4/CO2/CO mixed gas.

Published
2019

38. Aerosol dynamics simulations of the anatomical variability of e-cigarette particle and vapor deposition in a stochastic lung

Author

Lukas Pichelstorfer, Werner Hofmann, Renate Winkler-Heil, Michael Boy, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), Department of Physics, and Doctoral Programme in Atmospheric Sciences

Subjects
Convection, Atmospheric Science, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, CONDENSATIONAL GROWTH, INHALED PARTICLES, SMOKE, PHASE, Analytical chemistry, Chemical vapor deposition, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 114 Physical sciences, Modelling, NICOTINE, Phase (matter), SIZE DISTRIBUTION, Deposition (phase transition), 1172 Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Inhalation, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Aerosol dynamics, Human respiratory tract, Exhalation, e-cigarettes, IN-VITRO, respiratory system, Pollution, TRANSPORT, Aerosol, 13. Climate action, PATH SIP MODEL, MAINSTREAM, Particle, Particle and vapor deposition
Abstract

Electronic cigarette (EC) aerosols are typically composed of a mixture of nicotine, glycerine (VG), propylene glycol (PG), water, acidic stabilizers and a variety of flavors. Inhalation of e-cigarette aerosols is characterized by a continuous modification of particle diameters, concentrations, composition and phase changes, and smoker-specific inhalation conditions, i.e. puffing, mouthhold and bolus inhalation. The dynamic changes of inhaled e-cigarette droplets in the lungs due to coagulation, conductive heat and diffusive heat/convective vapor transport and particle phase chemistry are described by the Aerosol Dynamics in Containment (ADiC) model. For the simulation of the variability of inhaled particle and vapor deposition, the ADiC model is coupled with the IDEAL Monte Carlo code, which is based on a stochastic, asymmetric airway model of the human lung. We refer to the coupled model as "IDEAL/ADIC_v1.0". In this study, two different ecigarettes were compared, one without any acid ("no acid") and the other one with an acidic regulator (benzoic acid) to establish an initial pH level of about 7 ("lower pH"). Corresponding deposition patterns among human airways comprise total and compound-specific number and mass deposition fractions, distinguishing between inhalation and exhalation phases and condensed and vapor phases. Note that the inhaled EC aerosol is significantly modified in the oral cavity prior to inhalation into the lungs. Computed deposition fractions demonstrate that total particle mass is preferentially deposited in the alveolar region of the lung during inhalation. While nicotine deposits prevalently in the condensed phase for the "lower pH" case, vapor phase deposition is dominating the "no acid" case. The significant statistical fluctuations of the particle and vapor deposition patterns illustrate the inherent anatomical variability of the human lung structure.

Published
2021

39. Daumier et l’Allemagne

Author

Werner Hofmann

Subjects
échanges culturelles et artistiques, Allemagne, Arts & Humanities, Arts, critique d'art, échanges culturels, caricature, France, image, XIXe siècle, histoire de l'art, art, échanges artistiques, révolution
Abstract

Cette étude analyse l'attitude critique de Daumier à l’égard de l’Allemagne et la façon dont elle s’exprime dans ses caricatures. Parallèlement, Werner Hofmann montre comment, en Allemagne, l’artiste a été perçu en tant que défenseur des opprimés et grand peintre révolutionnaire. En mémoire de Jean Adhémar (1909-1987)

Published
2021

40. Dosimetric Comparison of Exposure Pathways to Human Organs and Tissues in Radon Therapy

Author

Werner Hofmann, Herbert Lettner, and Alexander Hubmer

Subjects
Radon Daughters, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, thermal water, Thermal water, Physiology, chemistry.chemical_element, Radon, Radiation Dosage, Article, Red bone marrow, Radiation Monitoring, Humans, Medicine, Radiometry, biokinetic models, Lung, Inhalation, integumentary system, business.industry, radon therapy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, respiratory tract diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Air Pollutants, Radioactive, Radon Progeny, organ dose calculations, Exposure chamber, business, radon inhalation
Abstract

Three therapeutic applications are presently prescribed in the radon spas in Gastein, Austria: exposure to radon in a thermal bath, exposure to radon vapor in an exposure chamber (vapor bath), and exposure to radon in the thermal gallery, a former mine. The radiological exposure pathways to human organs and tissues in these therapeutic radon applications are inhalation of radon and radon progeny via the lungs, radon transfer from water or air through the skin, and radon-progeny deposition on the skin in water or air. The objectives of the present study were to calculate radon and radon-progeny doses for selected organs and tissues for the different exposure pathways and therapeutic applications. Doses incurred in red bone marrow, liver, kidneys, and Langerhans cells in the skin may be correlated with potential therapeutic benefits, while doses to the lungs and the basal cells of the skin indicate potential carcinogenic effects. The highest organ doses among the three therapeutic applications were produced in the thermal gallery by radon progeny via inhalation, with lung doses of 5.0 mSv, and attachment to the skin, with skin doses of 4.4 mSv, while the radon contribution was less significant. For comparison, the primary exposure pathways in the thermal bath are the radon uptake through the skin, with lung doses of 334 μSv, and the radon-progeny attachment to the skin, with skin doses of 216 μSv, while the inhalation route can safely be neglected.

Published
2021

42. TeV Emission of Galactic Plane Sources with HAWC and H.E.S.S

Author

Nicola Omodei, Sebastian Panny, A. Sandoval, Q. Piel, S. Raab, Arturo Iriarte, Kirsty Feijen, R. D. Parsons, Michael Newbold, J. Zorn, Michael Schneider, Fernando Garfias, D. Huber, Christo Venter, Jacek Niemiec, Arnaud Mares, Frank M. Rieger, Thomas Weisgarber, A. Dmytriiev, Olaf Reimer, A. Zech, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Thomas Bylund, Y. A. Gallant, David Sánchez, R. López-Coto, Jorge Cotzomi, Jacques Muller, H. León Vargas, Alison Peisker, Justine Devin, Thomas Murach, P. Morris, Harm Schoorlemmer, Jonathan Mackey, Andrea Albert, Samuel Zouari, Pascal Vincent, M. Zacharias, Stefan Ohm, S. Pita, Tadayuki Takahashi, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, A. Yusafzai, Andreas Quirrenbach, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Stefano Gabici, Regis Terrier, Victor Doroshenko, L. Nellen, Włodek Kluźniak, R. Noriega-Papaqui, E. Kasai, C. Moore, L. Oakes, J. Bolmont, Michal Ostrowski, J.-P. Lenain, Pooja Surajbali, William H. Lee, L. Olivera-Nieto, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, Rhiannon Turner, Lente Dreyer, O. Martinez, Stefan Klepser, Alessandro Montanari, D. J. van der Walt, Fernando Ureña-Mena, J. P. Harding, César Alvarez, Michael DuVernois, A.M. Taylor, J. C. Arteaga-Velézquez, Connor Duffy, Davit Zargaryan, R. J. White, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Dmitriy Kostunin, J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, R. Rauth, Maria Magdalena González, Kristi Engel, A. Galván-Gámez, Christoph Deil, Krzysztof Katarzynski, F. Eichhorn, Mohanraj Senniappan, E. Moreno, Michael Punch, Axel Donath, B. Hona, A. W. Chen, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, Catherine Boisson, M. Panter, Mora Durocher, U. Katz, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, C. Arcaro, H. Zhou, Michael Backes, S. Coutiño de León, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, M. de Bony de Lavergne, R. Brose, Petra Hüntemeyer, C. Levy, Francois Brun, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, Andreas Specovius, Joachim Hahn, K. P. Arunbabu, Riaan Steenkamp, Gavin Rowell, P. Reichherzer, James E. M. Watson, M. Bryan, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Łukasz Stawarz, C. van Rensburg, Pierre Brun, Brenda Dingus, V. Marandon, J. A. Morales-Soto, M. Büchele, H. Prokoph, C. De León, A. Marcowith, V. Baghmanyan, J. Schäfer, Nu. Komin, Tim Holch, Q. Remy, H. M. Schutte, Isak Delberth Davids, A. Fiasson, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Hassan Abdalla, S. Hernandez, Jim Hinton, V. Sahakian, E. De la Fuente, F. Werner, Mischa Breuhaus, Luis Villaseñor, Yu Wun Wong, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, D. Avila Rojas, G. Lamanna, K. S. Caballero-Mora, Roberta Zanin, G. Emery, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Heiko Salzmann, A. S. Seyffert, Kwok Lung Fan, M. Hörbe, T. Tavernier, Nissim Illich Fraija, P. T. O'Brien, Johannes Veh, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Gilles Maurin, S. J. Fegan, A. Djannati-Ataï, D. Jankowsky, J. Dyks, Celine Armand, M. Füßling, R. Marx, Dieter Horns, M. Tluczykont, F. Ait Benkhali, J. F. Glicenstein, M. U. Nisa, Marek Jamrozy, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, A. Jardin-Blicq, E. O. Angüner, R. Diaz Hernandez, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, M. de Naurois, Andrea Santangelo, K. Malone, Gwenael Giacinti, L. Sun, M.-H. Grondin, D. Garcia, M. Seglar-Arroyo, B. Khélifi, A. J. Smith, T. Capistrán, B. van Soelen, G. Hermann, Anna Barnacka, D. Gottschall, Anne Lemiere, B. Rudak, Markus Böttcher, K. Tollefson, Jhilik Majumdar, Helene Sol, T. Chand, C. Brisbois, Andreas Zmija, Tom Armstrong, Elijah Willox, Carlo Romoli, Alison Mitchell, R. Torres-Escobedo, Atreyee Sinha, Manuel Meyer, I. Martinez-Castellanos, Zorawar Wadiasingh, A. Priyana Noel, V. Barbosa Martins, C. van Eldik, M. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Tsirou, Michael Kreter, Anna Lia Longinotti, F. Schüssler, Dezhi Huang, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Werner Hofmann, Monica Barnard, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, K. Nakashima, José Serna-Franco, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, Jacco Vink, A. Carraminana, Umberto Cotti, Jim Davies, M. A. Kastendieck, Thomas Lohse, K. Kosack, Paolo Marchegiani, Konrad Bernlöhr, Heinrich J. Völk, Sabrina Casanova, Catalina Espinoza, M. Renaud, D. Berge, G. Vasileiadis, F. Salesa Greus, I. Jung-Richardt, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Gilles Fontaine, J. T. Linnemann, Lenka Tomankova, M. Mostafá, G. Fichet de Clairfontaine, R. Konno, Gianluca Giavitto, V. Joshi, B. Peyaud, G. Pühlhofer, J. A. Goodman, H. Odaka, A. Reimer, R. W. Ellsworth, R. W. Springer, M. Curyło, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, Y. Pérez Araujo, A. Nayerhoda, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, David Kieda, L. Mohrmann, Misao Sasaki, Markus Holler, Felix Jankowsky, Felix Aharonian, D. Glawion, Jesús Martínez-Castro, Segev BenZvi, Constantin Steppa, L. Giunti, D. A. Prokhorov, Ullrich Schwanke, L. Rinchiuso, J. A. Matthews, Ibrahim Torres, Rachel Simoni, A. Carosi, K. Egberts, S. Chandra, Ruben Alfaro, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Yvonne Becherini, M. Fernández Alonso, L. Dirson, G. Martí-Devesa, C. Trichard, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, J. H. E. Thiersen, Marion Spir-Jacob, Maria Haupt, C. D. Rho, Rafal Moderski, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collaboration, H.E.S.S., and Collaboration, HAWC

Subjects
High-energy astronomy, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, IACT, Field of view, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Stereoscopic System, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, media_common, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galactic plane, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], High energy astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory and the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) are two leading instruments in the ground-based very-high-energy γ-ray domain. HAWC employs the water Cherenkov detection (WCD) technique, while H.E.S.S. is an array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). The two facilities therefore differ in multiple aspects, including their observation strategy, the size of their field of view, and their angular resolution, leading to different analysis approaches. Until now, it has been unclear if the results of observations by both types of instruments are consistent: several of the recently discovered HAWC sources have been followed up by IACTs, resulting in a confirmed detection only in a minority of cases. With this paper, we go further and try to resolve the tensions between previous results by performing a new analysis of the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey data, applying an analysis technique comparable between H.E.S.S. and HAWC. Events above 1 TeV are selected for both data sets, the point-spread function of H.E.S.S. is broadened to approach that of HAWC, and a similar background estimation method is used. This is the first detailed comparison of the Galactic plane observed by both instruments. H.E.S.S. can confirm the γ-ray emission of four HAWC sources among seven previously undetected by IACTs, while the three others have measured fluxes below the sensitivity of the H.E.S.S. data set. Remaining differences in the overall γ-ray flux can be explained by the systematic uncertainties. Therefore, we confirm a consistent view of the γ-ray sky between WCD and IACT techniques.

Published
2021

43. Is PKS 0625-354 another variable TeV active galactic nucleus?

Author

Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Gilles Maurin, Riaan Steenkamp, J. F. Glicenstein, Heike Prokoph, Bruno Khelifi, Floriane Cangemi, Michael Punch, Gianluca Giavitto, Anna Luashvili, Lott Frans, Sumari Hattingh, Martin Tluczykont, Marek Jamrozy, Sabrina Einecke, Takaaki Tanaka, Iryna Lypova, Marion Spir-Jacob, Yvonne Becherini, Helene Sol, Rachel Simoni, Davit Zargaryan, Hannah Dalgleish, Jim Hinton, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Andreas Zmija, Amid Nayerhoda, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Stefan Klepser, Alessandro Montanari, C. Arcaro, S. J. Fegan, Anu Kundu, B. Rudak, T. Chand, Hend Yassin, Michael Kreter, Paolo Marchegiani, Tadayuki Takahashi, Dmitriy Kostunin, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, Fabian Schüssler, Manuel Meyer, Markus Boettcher, Gavin Rowell, Kathrin Egberts, Maria Haupt, Victor Doroshenko, Emmanuel Moulin, Ira Jung, Brian van Soelen, Sebastian Panny, Mathieu Naurois, E. Kasai, Kirsty Feijen, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Dieter Horns, Vikas Joshi, Thomas Tavernier, Johannes Schaefer, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Constantin Steppa, Jacek Niemiec, Hassan Abdalla, Albert Seyffert, Olaf Reimer, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Alexandre Marcowith, Regis Terrier, Felix Werner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, K. Nakashima, K. Bernloehr, Carlo Romoli, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Lukasz Stawarz, Frank M. Rieger, Thomas Murach, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Christopher van Eldik, N. Zywucka, Jaqueline Catalano, L. Mohrmann, Monica Barnard, Rafal Moderski, Heinrich J. Völk, Arnaud Mares, Ullrich Schwanke, Stefan Ohm, Thomas Bylund, Rowan Batzofin, Anita Reimer, Andreas Quirrenbach, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Johann van der Walt, Jhilik Majumdar, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, R. Konno, Jacques Muller, Dan Parsons, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Lenka Tomankova, Stefano Gabici, Andrew Taylor, Michael Zacharias, Christo Venter, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, M. Hörbe, Michael Backes, Robert Brose, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, V. Sahakian, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Tim Holch, Anton Dmytriiev, M. Fuessling, Manami Sasaki, G. Vasileiadis, Catherine Boisson, Arache Djannati-Ataï, P. Reichherzer, J. Bolmont, Jason John Watson, D. Malyshev, Andrea Santangelo, Naomi Tsuji, Matthieu Renaud, Denys Malyshev, Isak Delberth Davids, G. Lamanna, James Davies, A. Fiasson, Roberta Zanin, Yves Gallant, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, R. J. Tuffs, Gerard Fontaine, B. Bi, Santiago Pita, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Hester Schutte, Justine Devin, Mohanraj Senniappan, C. Levy, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Andreas Specovius, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Yu Wun Wong, Johannes Veh, Vincent Marandon, Hannes Thiersen, Vardan Baghmanyan, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Richard White, Felix Aharonian, Jacco Vink, Alison Mitchell, David Huber, Sabrina Casanova, Louis Du Plessis, Angel Noel, Jonathan Mackey, Anna Barnacka, C. Moore, Victor Barbosa Martins, Dorit Glawion, Carlo van Rensburg, Anne Lemiere, Tomasz Bulik, Malgorzata Curlo, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Samuel Zouari, Thomas Lohse, Lente Dreyer, Michal Ostrowski, J.-P. Lenain, Hugh Spackman, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, U. Katz, Faical Ait-Benkhali, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, Sébastien Le Stum, Zhiqiu Huang, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, P. T. O'Brien, Atreyee Sinha, Laura Olivera-Nieto, A. Yusafzai, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, David Sanchez, Werner Hofmann, L. Giunti, Michelle Tsirou, Francois Brun, P. Vincent, Heiko Salzmann, Celine Armand, M.-H. Grondin, German Hermann, and Paul Morris

Subjects
Physics, Brightness, Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Viewing angle, Variable (computer science), symbols.namesake, symbols, Spectral energy distribution, Blazar, Doppler effect, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The majority of the active galactic nuclei (AGN) detected at very-high-energies above 100 GeV belong to the class of blazars with a small angle between the jet-axis and the line-of-sight. Only about 10 percent of the gamma-ray AGN are objects with a larger viewing angle resulting in a smaller Doppler boosting of the emission. Originally, it was believed that gamma-ray emission can only be observed from blazars and those are variable in its brightness. Instead, the last years have shown that non-blazar active galaxies also show a fascinating variability behaviour which provide important new insights into the physical processes responsible for the gamma-ray production and especially for flaring events. Here, we report on the observation of gamma-ray variability of the active galaxy PKS 0625−354 detected with the H.E.S.S. telescopes in November 2018. The classification of PKS 0625−354 is a still matter of debate. The H.E.S.S. measurements were performed as part of a flux observing program and showed in the first night of the observation a detection of the object with > 5σ. A denser observation campaign followed for the next nine nights resulting in a decrease of the gamma-ray flux. Those observations were accompanied with Swift in the X-ray and UV/optical band allowing for the reconstruction of a multi-band broad-band spectral energy distribution. We will discuss the implications of the gamma-ray variability of the object.

Published
2021

44. Search for dark matter annihilation towards the inner Milky Way halo with the H.E.S.S. Inner Galaxy Survey

Author

Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Robert Brose, Johann van der Walt, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Stefan Ohm, L. Giunti, Albert Seyffert, Davit Zargaryan, Stefan Klepser, Alessandro Montanari, K. Nakashima, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Sabrina Einecke, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Iryna Lypova, K. Bernloehr, Heinrich J. Völk, Yvonne Becherini, Stefano Gabici, Michelle Tsirou, Anna Luashvili, Vikas Joshi, J. Bolmont, Fabian Schüssler, M.-H. Grondin, Emmanuel Moulin, Andreas Specovius, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Anne Lemiere, B. Rudak, Lott Frans, Michael Punch, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Michael Backes, Matthieu Renaud, German Hermann, Paul Morris, Kathrin Egberts, Constantin Steppa, Tadayuki Takahashi, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Tim Holch, Lukasz Stawarz, Louis Du Plessis, Naomi Tsuji, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Victor Doroshenko, Yu Wun Wong, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Riaan Steenkamp, E. Kasai, G. Lamanna, Ullrich Schwanke, Gerard Fontaine, Jim Hinton, Victor Barbosa Martins, Thomas Lohse, Frank M. Rieger, Hester Schutte, Carlo van Rensburg, Francois Brun, P. Vincent, Heiko Salzmann, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, Kirsty Feijen, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Ramin Marx, Dmitriy Kostunin, M. Panter, U. Katz, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Jaqueline Catalano, R. Konno, Hector Rueda Ricarte, T. Chand, Samuel Zouari, P. T. O'Brien, M. Hörbe, Celine Armand, Andreas Quirrenbach, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Andrew Taylor, G. Vasileiadis, Vincent Marandon, Brian van Soelen, Marek Jamrozy, Hannes Thiersen, Dieter Horns, Hassan Abdalla, Thomas Bylund, Rowan Batzofin, Sébastien Le Stum, Thomas Tavernier, Gilles Maurin, Floriane Cangemi, Helene Sol, Christian Stegmann, Jacques Muller, Vardan Baghmanyan, Johannes Schaefer, J. F. Glicenstein, Anu Kundu, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Monica Barnard, L. Mohrmann, Arache Djannati-Ataï, C. Levy, Atreyee Sinha, Bruno Khelifi, Michal Ostrowski, J.-P. Lenain, Hugh Spackman, Michael Zacharias, Regis Terrier, Hannah Dalgleish, P. Reichherzer, Andreas Zmija, Gianluca Giavitto, Jacek Niemiec, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Paolo Marchegiani, Markus Holler, Carlo Romoli, Isak Delberth Davids, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Olaf Reimer, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Michael Kreter, Anna Barnacka, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, A. Fiasson, Roberta Zanin, Thomas Murach, Heike Prokoph, James Davies, Sumari Hattingh, Felix Aharonian, Richard White, Angel Noel, M. Fuessling, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, Christo Venter, Takaaki Tanaka, D. Malyshev, Jonathan Mackey, Jacco Vink, Ira Jung, Sebastian Panny, Alison Mitchell, Anita Reimer, David Huber, Sabrina Casanova, Marion Spir-Jacob, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Gerd Puehlhofer, C. Arcaro, C. Moore, Jhilik Majumdar, Lei Sun, Santiago Pita, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Anton Dmytriiev, Dorit Glawion, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, Amid Nayerhoda, Manami Sasaki, Tomasz Bulik, Zhiqiu Huang, Malgorzata Curlo, Maria Haupt, Andrea Santangelo, Arnaud Mares, Lente Dreyer, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, V. Sahakian, Gavin Rowell, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, N. Zywucka, Denys Malyshev, Markus Boettcher, Yves Gallant, Christopher van Eldik, Rafal Moderski, Johannes Veh, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Mohanraj Senniappan, Rachel Simoni, Dan Parsons, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Catherine Boisson, Justine Devin, Lenka Tomankova, Martin Tluczykont, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Hend Yassin, Manuel Meyer, Mathieu Naurois, Jason John Watson, S. J. Fegan, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, David Sanchez, Werner Hofmann, Laura Olivera-Nieto, and A. Yusafzai

Subjects
Physics, Annihilation, WIMP, Milky Way, Weakly interacting massive particles, media_common.quotation_subject, Dark matter, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Halo, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Universe, media_common
Abstract

The presence of dark matter (DM) is suggested by a wealth of astrophysical and cosmological measurements. However, its underlying nature is yet unknown. Among the most promising candidates are weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs): particles with mass and coupling strength at the electroweak scale and thermally produced in the early universe have a present relic density consistent with that observed today. WIMP self-annihilation would produce Standard Model particles including gamma-rays, which have been long-time recognized as a prime messenger to indirectly detect dark matter signals. The centre of the Milky Way is predicted as the brightest source of DM annihilations. The H.E.S.S. collaboration is currently performing a survey of the inner region of the Milky Way, the Inner Galaxy Survey (IGS), intended to achieve the best sensitivity to faint and diffuse emissions in a region of several degrees around the Galactic Centre. We analyzed 2014-2020 observations taken with the five-telescope array to search for a DM annihilation signal. With the current dataset of about 550 hours, we found no significant excess and therefore derived strong constraints on the velocity-weighted annihilation cross-section. TeV thermal WIMPs can be probed in different annihilation channels.

Published
2021

45. VCSEL array thermal-distribution optimized by mesas rearrangement

Author

Youwen Huang, Chuyu Zhong, Yingying Liu, Werner Hofmann, Xing Zhang, Jianwei Zhang, Lijun Wang, and Yongqiang Ning

Subjects
Coupling, Materials science, business.industry, Finite element software, Mode (statistics), Physics::Optics, Thermal distribution, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, Power (physics), 010309 optics, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Continuous wave, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Reference device, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

A traversal algorithm considering both of the mesa interval and the entire area of the mesas was applied to find a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) array with minimal heat coupling factor. An optimized array was obtained and modeled in finite element software to simulate the thermal distribution. A conventional circular and an optimized array were fabricated. The maximum output power of optimized array is 14.3% higher than the conventional array and reaches 1.6 W operating in continuous wave (CW) mode. The wavelength shift of optimized VCSEL array is slightly slower than the reference device although its higher power.

Published
2019

46. Polarization stabilized VCSELs by displacement Talbot lithography-defined surface gratings

Author

Yongqiang Ning, Youwen Huang, Yingying Liu, Jianwei Zhang, Xing Zhang, Lijun Wang, and Werner Hofmann

Subjects
Fabrication, Materials science, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Grating, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Nonlinear Sciences::Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic Physics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Surface grating, Lithography, business.industry, Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Polarization (waves), Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Wavelength, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

Polarization-stable vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with a simple fabrication process are presented. The gratings fixing the polarization are defined by a two-step exposure technology taking advantage of the displacement Talbot lithography technique. This enables grating lines to remain within the inner circle mesa of the VCSELs. These surface grating VCSELs with different periods are theoretically modeled and experimentally verified. Most of these VCSELs exhibit full polarization stability as predicted theoretically. For VCSELs with grating periods larger than the emission wavelength we found a weak orthogonal polarization suppression ratio, thereby deviating from those grating VCSELs with smaller periods.

Published
2019

47. Thermal Water and Radon Exposure Through the Skin

Author

Mircea Moldovan, Werner Hofmann, Daniela Ciorba, Mirela Moldovan, and Constantin Cosma

Subjects
Environmental chemistry, Thermal water, Environmental science, Radon exposure
Published
2018

48. Revealing x-ray and gamma ray temporal and spectral similarities in the GRB 190829A afterglow

Author

K. Egberts, Davit Zargaryan, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, G. Pühlhofer, M. de Bony de Lavergne, V. Poireau, P. T. O'Brien, P. A. Evans, Riaan Steenkamp, A. Lemiere, F. Eichhorn, Nu. Komin, J. Schäfer, Włodek Kluźniak, A. S. Seyffert, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, Sebastian Panny, R. J. White, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, T. Chand, Jhilik Majumdar, V. Baghmanyan, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, Jacco Vink, Alison Mitchell, Joachim Hahn, M. Füßling, C. van Eldik, J.F. Glicenstein, Lei Sun, P. Reichherzer, Jim Davies, A. Carosi, Zorawar Wadiasingh, Q. Remy, Anna Barnacka, A. Djannati-Ataï, A. Montanari, E. Moulin, M. de Naurois, Alexandre Marcowith, Arnaud Mares, Christoph Deil, Sabrina Casanova, Christo Venter, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, M. Hörbe, Dmitriy Kostunin, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Mohanraj Senniappan, Thomas Bylund, E. O. Angüner, S. Raab, Tadayuki Takahashi, F. Brun, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, H. Prokoph, C. van Rensburg, A. Zech, J. Muller, Monica Barnard, B. Peyaud, Kirsty Feijen, R. Rauth, Pierre Brun, Victor Doroshenko, Michael Punch, E. Kasai, Konrad Bernlöhr, M. Curyło, Stefano Gabici, Gianluca Giavitto, Frank M. Rieger, Michael Backes, Stefan Klepser, J.-P. Ernenwein, A. Dmytriiev, Mischa Breuhaus, J. Dyks, G. Emery, L. Olivera-Nieto, Tim Holch, S. Fegan, Samuel Zouari, M.-H. Grondin, L. Mohrmann, Stefan Ohm, I. Jung-Richardt, Markus Böttcher, K. Kosack, A. Reimer, G. Hermann, Marek Jamrozy, Regis Terrier, S. Pita, Markus Holler, Felix Jankowsky, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, E. de Ona Wilhelmi, A.M. Taylor, Carlo Romoli, J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Hester Schutte, Dieter Horns, Jonathan Mackey, Tom Armstrong, Helene Sol, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, G. Fontaine, H. Odaka, Felix Aharonian, V. Barbosa Martins, Andreas Specovius, Michal Ostrowski, Johannes Veh, D. J. van der Walt, Yu Wun Wong, L. Oakes, C. Moore, J. Bolmont, D. Jankowsky, M. Seglar-Arroyo, Paolo Marchegiani, Rachel Simoni, R. Marx, S. Steinmassl, D. Glawion, Łukasz Stawarz, Manuel Meyer, Tomasz Bulik, Lente Dreyer, Andreas Quirrenbach, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Constantin Steppa, D. A. Prokhorov, M. Zacharias, Christopher J. Duffy, A. Wierzcholska, M. Tluczykont, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, F. Schüssler, Yvonne Becherini, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, C. Levy, Werner Hofmann, G. Lamanna, M. A. Kastendieck, James E. M. Watson, Ullrich Schwanke, G. Vasileiadis, Isak Delberth Davids, Misao Sasaki, Bruno Khelifi, M. Büchele, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J. Zorn, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Roberta Zanin, F. Ait Benkhali, L. Rinchiuso, M. Scalici, Y. A. Gallant, J. Devin, Jim Hinton, D. Berge, V. Sahakian, F. Werner, Andrea Santangelo, Stefan Funk, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Michael Kreter, Jacek Niemiec, D. A. Sanchez, A. Priyana Noel, C. Arcaro, Fabian Leuschner, J. H. E. Thiersen, M. Panter, U. Katz, K. Nakashima, Olaf Reimer, G. Martí-Devesa, H. Ashkar, Q. Piel, P. Morris, Gavin Rowell, M. Bryan, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, A. Yusafzai, Thomas Murach, G. Maurin, Maria Haupt, Heinrich J. Völk, M. Renaud, R. D. Parsons, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Lenka Tomankova, T. Tam, G. Fichet de Clairfontaine, A. Sinha, J.-P. Lenain, D. Huber, Rafal Moderski, S. Caroff, B. van Soelen, S. Chandra, R. Konno, L. Dirson, M. Tsirou, B. Rudak, V. Joshi, Thomas Lohse, L. Giunti, A. Nayerhoda, Hassan Abdalla, A. Fiasson, M. Spir-Jacob, V. Marandon, K. Katarzyński, P. Vincent, T. Tavernier, K. L. Page, Heiko Salzmann, Celine Armand, Catherine Boisson, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H.E.S.S., Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), H.E.S.S. Collaboration, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)

Subjects
Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, gamma ray: burst, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, HESS, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Stereoscopic System, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, energy: high, Multidisciplinary, X-ray: energy spectrum, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, photon, Gamma ray, trigger, Light curve, redshift, Redshift, Afterglow, collapse, gamma ray: VHE, HESS - Abteilung Hinton, spectral, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma-ray burst, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], absorption
Abstract

An intrinsic gamma-ray burst afterglow Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are emitted by relativistic jets generated during the collapse of a massive star in a distant galaxy. The GRB itself lasts only a few seconds but is followed by an afterglow that can persist for hours or days. The H.E.S.S. Collaboration observed the afterglow of GRB 190829A, a nearby long GRB. The proximity of this burst allowed it to be detected at tera–electron volt energies that would otherwise be absorbed in the intergalactic medium. By analyzing the spectrum and light curve at x-ray and gamma-ray wavelengths, the authors show that the afterglow cannot be explained by standard models. Science , abe8560, this issue p. 1081

Published
2021

49. Deep observations of Kepler's SNR with H.E.S.S

Author

Jason John Watson, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Lenka Tomankova, Martin Tluczykont, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Hend Yassin, Manuel Meyer, Mathieu Naurois, Anton Dmytriiev, Manami Sasaki, Riaan Steenkamp, Andrea Santangelo, T. Chand, Gilles Maurin, J. F. Glicenstein, Jhilik Majumdar, Johannes Schaefer, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Andreas Zech, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Bruno Khelifi, Anu Kundu, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Davit Zargaryan, Jacek Niemiec, L. Mohrmann, Arache Djannati-Ataï, Albert Seyffert, V. Sahakian, Anna Barnacka, P. Reichherzer, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Axel Donath, A. W. Chen, Ira Jung, Olaf Reimer, G. Peron, Christo Venter, Garret Cotter, Sebastian Panny, K. Nakashima, K. Bernloehr, Isak Delberth Davids, Victor Barbosa Martins, A. Fiasson, Roberta Zanin, Yves Gallant, Fabian Schüssler, Michael Backes, Heinrich J. Völk, Gerd Puehlhofer, Lei Sun, Thomas Murach, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Emmanuel Moulin, G. Lamanna, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, Alexandre Marcowith, Felix Werner, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Tim Holch, Naomi Tsuji, Carlo van Rensburg, Zhiqiu Huang, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Tadayuki Takahashi, Markus Holler, Q. Remy, Felix Jankowsky, Victor Doroshenko, Felix Aharonian, Johannes Veh, Gerard Fontaine, E. Kasai, G. Vasileiadis, M.-H. Grondin, Anne Lemiere, Floriane Cangemi, Arnaud Mares, Samuel Zouari, Denys Malyshev, Alison Mitchell, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Hester Schutte, Stefan Klepser, Andreas Specovius, Alessandro Montanari, Andreas Zmija, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi, Yu Wun Wong, Stefan Ohm, Dan Parsons, Johann van der Walt, Vikas Joshi, Brian Reville, Connor Duffy, Michael Kreter, Gianluca Giavitto, D. Malyshev, Thomas Lohse, Mohanraj Senniappan, James Davies, Vincent Marandon, Hannes Thiersen, R. J. Tuffs, Hannah Dalgleish, Vardan Baghmanyan, P. T. O'Brien, Stefano Gabici, Thomas Bylund, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Michal Ostrowski, B. Bi, J.-P. Lenain, Catherine Boisson, Hugh Spackman, Michael Punch, Lukasz Stawarz, Sumari Hattingh, Monica Barnard, Jaqueline Catalano, Takaaki Tanaka, Rowan Batzofin, Mischa Breuhaus, Pauline Chambery, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, R. Konno, Ramin Marx, M. Panter, Anna Luashvili, Justine Devin, J. Bolmont, U. Katz, Francois Brun, Richard White, Jacques Muller, Andrew Taylor, P. Vincent, N. Zywucka, Andreas Quirrenbach, Laura Olivera-Nieto, A. Yusafzai, Dieter Horns, Guillem Marti'i-Devesa, Hassan Abdalla, Heiko Salzmann, Jacco Vink, Mathieu Bony, Oguzhan Anguener, Michael Zacharias, Celine Armand, Atreyee Sinha, Marek Jamrozy, Kirsty Feijen, Faical Ait-Benkhali, Lott Frans, Robert Brose, Santiago Pita, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, L. Giunti, David Huber, German Hermann, Paul Morris, M. Hörbe, Helene Sol, Sabrina Casanova, Jim Hinton, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Charles Thorpe-Morgan, Sébastien Le Stum, Paolo Marchegiani, Michelle Tsirou, Constantin Steppa, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Ullrich Schwanke, C. Arcaro, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Wlodek Kluzniak, Gavin Rowell, Regis Terrier, B. Rudak, Carlo Romoli, Kathrin Egberts, Nukri Komin, Tom Armstrong, Frank M. Rieger, Matthieu Renaud, M. Fuessling, David Sanchez, Heike Prokoph, C. Levy, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Werner Hofmann, Marion Spir-Jacob, S. J. Fegan, Amid Nayerhoda, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, David Berge, Maria Haupt, Christopher van Eldik, Rafal Moderski, Dmitriy Kostunin, Brian van Soelen, Thomas Tavernier, Markus Boettcher, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Anita Reimer, Yvonne Becherini, Rachel Simoni, Angel Noel, Jonathan Mackey, C. Moore, Dorit Glawion, Tomasz Bulik, Malgorzata Curlo, Lente Dreyer, Louis Du Plessis, Naurois , Mathieu, Ona-Wilhelmi , Emma, and Bony , Mathieu

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, atmosphere [Cherenkov counter], VHE [gamma ray], IACT, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Cherenkov counter: atmosphere, Kepler, HESS, supernova, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, ddc:530, High Energy Stereoscopic System, cosmic radiation: acceleration, Supernova remnant, Cherenkov radiation, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, energy: high, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, imaging, Galaxy, Cassiopeia A, Supernova, gamma ray: VHE, high [energy], acceleration [cosmic radiation], galaxy
Abstract

37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021, Berlin, online, Germany, 12 Jul 2021 - 23 Jul 2021; Proceedings of Science / International School for Advanced Studies (ICRC2021), 805 (2021). doi:10.22323/1.395.0805, Kepler���s supernova remnant (SNR) which is produced by the most recent naked-eye supernova in our Galaxy is one of the best studied SNRs, but its gamma-ray detection has eluded us so far. Observations with modern imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACT) have enlarged the knowledge about nearby SNRs with ages younger than 500 years by establishing Cassiopeia A and Tycho���s SNRs as very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray sources and setting a lower limit on the distance to Kepler���s SNR. This SNR is significantly more distant than the other two and expected to be one of the faintest gamma-ray sources within reach of the IACT arrays of this generation. We report strong evidence for a VHE signal from Kepler���s SNR based on deep observations of the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) with an exposure of 152 hours, including 122 hours accumulated in 2017-2020. We further discuss implications of this result for cosmic-ray acceleration in young SNRs., Published by SISSA, Trieste

Published
2021

50. Calibration of the Gerda experiment

Author

T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, E. V. Demidova, J. Janicskó Csáthy, C. Cattadori, Anna Julia Zsigmond, Kai Zuber, A. V. Veresnikova, D. R. Zinatulina, A. Chernogorov, R. Hiller, T. Comellato, S. Belogurov, I. Zhitnikov, R. Mingazheva, B. Schwingenheuer, C. Bauer, P. Krause, Igor Nemchenok, Stefano Riboldi, L. Shtembari, Bela Majorovits, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Paolo Piseri, J. Huang, O.I. Kochetov, Mikael Hult, M. Misiaszek, M. Miloradovic, Laura Baudis, M. Fomina, S. Hemmer, J. Hakenmüller, G. R. Araujo, S. Schönert, A. M. Gangapshev, C. Vignoli, A. Garfagnini, M. Schütt, Werner Hofmann, O. Schulz, R. Kneißl, I. R. Barabanov, L. Manzanillas, C. Gooch, S. V. Zhukov, Josef Jochum, A. Lubashevskiy, Y. Kermaïdic, K. N. Gusev, V. D'Andrea, K. T. Knöpfle, Ivano Lippi, D. Stukov, Allen Caldwell, C. Wiesinger, V. I. Gurentsov, M. Balata, M. Shirchenko, R. Brugnera, L. B. Bezrukov, K. von Sturm, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, V. B. Brudanin, E. Bossio, A. A. Vasenko, E. Shevchik, V. V. Kazalov, V. V. Kuzminov, L. V. Inzhechik, A. Pullia, Franz Dieter Fischer, E. Doroshkevich, Matteo Agostini, F. Salamida, Cinzia Sada, B. Zatschler, M. M. Wojcik, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, E. Bellotti, M. Schwarz, C. Ransom, Hardy Simgen, G. Zuzel, L. Pertoldi, A.-K. Schütz, N. Di Marco, M. Junker, Manfred Lindner, O. Selivanenko, C. Macolino, M. Laubenstein, V. N. Kornoukhov, V. Bothe, K. Pelczar, Alessandro Bettini, Y. Müller, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, Jochen Schreiner, Th. Kihm, V. Biancacci, H. Khushbakht, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, L. Rauscher, A. A. Klimenko, A. Zschocke, N. Rumyantseva, P. Grabmayr, and GERDA Collaboration

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Regular Article - Experimental Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Germanium, Electron, QC770-798, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Standard Model, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Resolution (electron density), Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Semiconductor detector, QB460-466, chemistry, GERDA - Abteilung Hinton, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) collaboration searched for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay in $^{76}$Ge with an array of about 40 high-purity isotopically-enriched germanium detectors. The experimental signature of the decay is a monoenergetic signal at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ = 2039.061(7)keV in the measured summed energy spectrum of the two emitted electrons. Both the energy reconstruction and resolution of the germanium detectors are crucial to separate a potential signal from various backgrounds, such as neutrino-accompanied double-$\beta$ decays allowed by the Standard Model. The energy resolution and stability were determined and monitored as a function of time using data from regular $^{228}$Th calibrations. In this work, we describe the calibration process and associated data analysis of the full GERDA dataset, tailored to preserve the excellent resolution of the individual germanium detectors when combining data over several years., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures

Published
2021

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