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A confluent hypergeometric function (Kummer's function) is a generalized hypergeometric series introduced by Kummer in 1837 [De integralibus quibusdam definitis et seriebus infinitis. J Reine Angew...

The seafood microbiome is highly diverse and plays an essential role in the spoilage of seafood. Nevertheless, how such a diverse microbiome influences freshness of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) remains unclear. Here we investigated the postmortem ATP catabolism and succession of the bacterial community in the hepatopancreas and muscle of S. paramamosain using a high-performance liquid chromatography method and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Our results showed a tissue-dependent change in ATP catabolism determinized the differences in the changes of nucleotide freshness indices of hepatopancreas and muscle over postmortem time of mud crab. The muscle K value could be used as an optimal nucleotide freshness indicator for the freshness of mud crab, with a proposed threshold of 20%. From a microbiota perspective, a more significant bacterial community change was observed in the muscle than in the hepatopancreas. These changes could result in a close relationship between ATP and its catabolites and microbial taxa in the muscle. Moreover, Photobacterium, Peptostreptococcaceae, average path distance, OTU richness, and Shannon index of muscle bacterial community markedly contributed to K value. These findings suggest that the mud crab of 4 h postmortem at room temperature is still edible. Notably, the importance of microbial community composition and interaction for the spoilage of mud crab should be carefully considered.

Let f and g be two periodic meromorphic functions of hyper-order less than 1 such that f and g share three values IM and one value CM. If f and g have a same period and the lower order of f is not equal to 1, then f = g . Examples are given to illustrate the necessity of the conditions.

A new on-line method of monitoring the total non-hydrocarbons (TNMHC) from the flue or waste gas of stationary sources, which significantly improves upon the current method commonly used in both Taiwan and China, is described. The major problem with the current method is that higher-boiling-point compounds in the waste gas saturate porous materials within the molecular-sieve column used to immobilize TNMHC and elute methane, which sabotages the fixability of TNMHC and leads to false methane and TNMHC readings during continuous monitoring. Our new method effectively circumvents this issue by incorporating a dual-column and back-flush design, rendering it a true gas chromatography (GC) method. Applying this GC method, light hydrocarbons, such as methane, ethane, and propane, can be fully separated by the dual column set. After methane enters the analytical column, a reverse carrier flow immediately back-flushes the pre-column while keeping the analytical column flowing forward by a second flow of the carrier gas for eluting methane. The field application, particularly upon repeated analyses of flue gas laden with complex and elevated levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), has shown that self-cleaning by back-flush is necessary when operating at a constant oven temperature.

In this paper, we prove a uniqueness theorem for entire functions sharing values on a finite set. The result extends and improves some theorems obtained earlier by Fang, Zhang-Lin and Zhnag-Xiong.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the growth of meromorphic functions with a radially distributed value. The paper is closely related to a more recent result due to Fang and Zalcman [M.L. Fang and L. Zalcman, On the value distribution of f + a(f′) n , Sci. China Ser. A-Math. 38(2008), 279–285].

Self-propelled patrolling vehicles can patrol periodically in the designed area to ensure the safety like men do. The proposed vehicle cannot only save manpower, but also ensure the performance without mistakes caused by man. It is different from the traditional patrolling system which is limited by the manpower and the fixed camera positions. To improve such situation, this paper proposes a self-propelled patrolling vehicle which can move automatically to a wider range and record the monitored image by IPCAM within a predefined patrolling route. Besides, the user can use the mobile device or website to connect to the vehicle at anytime and anywhere and control it to move to the position to get the indoor image user wants. The position of self-propelled vehicles can be detected by the RFID reader as a feedback and be shown on the PC screen and smart phone. The recorded images can be also transmitted back to the server via WiFi system for face tracking and discriminating analysis. On the other hand, the self-propelled vehicle patrolling routes can be modified by the Android smart-phone remote-control module. When some defined events occur, the build-in MSN module will notice users by sending messages to PC and smart phone. Experimental results are given in the paper to validate its performance.

We study the uniqueness problems on entire or meromorphic functions concerning differential polynomials that share one slowly growing meromorphic function. Furthermore, we greatly improve and generalize some former results obtained by Fang and Hong, Lin and Yi, Xiong and Lin.

It is known that solid tumors recruit new blood vessels to support tumor growth, but the molecular diversity of receptors in tumor angiogenic vessels might also be used clinically to develop better targeted therapy. In vivo phage display was used to identify peptides that specifically target tumor blood vessels. Several novel peptides were identified as being able to recognize tumor vasculature but not normal blood vessels in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice bearing human tumors. These tumor-homing peptides also bound to blood vessels in surgical specimens of various human cancers. The peptide-linked liposomes containing fluorescent substance were capable of translocating across the plasma membrane through endocytosis. With the conjugation of peptides and liposomal doxorubicin, the targeted drug delivery systems enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of the chemotherapeutic agent against human cancer xenografts by decreasing tumor angiogenesis and increasing cancer cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the peptide-mediated targeting liposomes improved the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug they delivered compared with nontargeting liposomes or free drugs. Our results indicate that the tumor-homing peptides can be used specifically target tumor vasculature and have the potential to improve the systemic treatment of patients with solid tumors.

Using Nevanlinna’s value distribution theory, we study the uniqueness of entire functions that share only one value and prove some theorems which are related to one famous problem of Hayman [W.K. Hayman, Research Problems in Functions Theory, Athlone Press, London, 1967].

Considering the popularity of the Internet, an automatic interactive feedback system for Elearning websites is becoming increasingly desirable. However, computers still have problems understanding natural languages, especially the Chinese language, firstly because the Chinese language has no space to segment lexical entries (its segmentation method is more difficult than that of English) and secondly because of the lack of a complete grammar in the Chinese language, making parsing more difficult and complicated. Building an automated Chinese feedback system for special application domains could solve these problems. This paper proposes an interactive feedback mechanism in a virtual campus that can parse, understand and respond to Chinese sentences. This mechanism utilizes a specific lexical database according to the particular application. In this way, a virtual campus website can implement a special application domain that chooses the proper response in a user friendly, accurate and timely manner.

In this paper, we deal with the uniqueness problems on entire or meromorphic functions concerning differential polynomials that share one value with the same multiplicities. Moreover, we greatly generalize some results obtained by Fang, Lin and Yi, Fang and Fang.

In this paper, we study the uniqueness problems on entire functions sharing one value with the same multiplicities. We generalize and unify some previous results of Fang and Hua [M.L. Fang, X.H. Hua, Entire functions that share one value, J. Nanjing Univ. Math. Biquarterly 13 (1) (1996) 44–48], Yang and Hua [C.C. Yang, X.H. Hua, Uniqueness and value-sharing of meromorphic functions, Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. Math. 22 (2) (1997) 395–406] and Fang [M.L. Fang, Uniqueness and value-sharing of entire functions, Comput. Math. Appl. 44 (2002) 828–831].

In this article, we discuss the uniqueness problem of the derivatives of meromorphic functions that share four small functions, which improves some results given by G. D. Qiu, W. J. Yuan and so on. Moreover, we resolve one conjecture posed by P. Li and Y. Zhang.

In this article, we deal with the uniqueness problem on meromorphic functions concerning differential polynomials that share a small meromorphic function. Moreover, we improve some former results, which were obtained by Lin and Yi, Xiong, Lin and Mori, etc.

UNIQUENESS THEOREMS FOR MEROMORPHIC FUNCTION

VALUE DISTRIBUTION OF MEROMORPHIC FUNCTION CONCERNING SHARED-VALUES

ON THE GROWTH OF MEROMORPHIC FUNCTIONS WITH A RADIALLY DISTRIBUTED VALUE

In this paper, we study one conjecture proposed by W. Bergweiler and show that any transcendental meromorphic functions f(z) have the form exp(αz+β) if f(z)f″(z)–a(f′ (z))2≠0, where \( a \ne 1,\;\frac{{n \pm 1}} {n},\;n \in N \). Moreover, an analogous normality criterion is obtained.

We show that a family F of functions holomorphic in a domain is normal, if for all ƒ ∈ F the derivative ƒ′ and ƒ share the value a(≠0) and if the set of values that ƒ (k+1) takes the zeros of ƒ−a, is bounded. As an application we obtain some new uniqueness theorems of entire functions which improve the former results [Amer. H.H. Al-khaladi (2000). On a question of Yi-Yang. J. Shandong Univ., 35(3), 162–167; G. Jank, E. Mues and L. Volkmann (1986). Meromorphic functionen die mit ihrer ersten und zweiten Ableitung einen endlichen wert teilen. Complex Variables, 6, 51–71; P. Li and C.C. Yang (2001). Uniqueness theorem on entire functions and their derivatives. J. Math. Anal. Appl., 253, 50–57; W. Lin (2001). Uniqueness theorem and normal criteria with sharing array. Math. Theory Appl., 21, 9–16 (Chinese); H.X. Yi and C.C. Yang (1995). Uniqueness Theory of Meromorphic Functions, Pure and Applied Math. Monographs No. 32. Science Press, Beiling; H. Zhong (1995). Entire functions that share one values with their...

In this article, we deal with the problem of uniqueness of meromorphic functions that share three sets, and obtain one set S with 5 elements such that any two nonconstant meromorphic functions ƒ and g satisfying E(S, ƒ) = E(S, g), E({0}, ƒ) = E({0}, g) and E({∞}, ƒ) = E({∞}, g) must be identical.

The productivity of a programmer can be promoted by using multi-vendor's CASE tools. The more tools are used, the more complicated communication is needed. The integration of these tools is thus important. This paper describes an architecture named Tool Integration Platform (TIP) to integrate tools in a knowledge abstraction way. TIP is composed of a Control Integration Daemon (CID), a Control Integration Interface (CII) and some Integration Inference Rules (IIR) that are applied by the Integration Inference Engine (IIE). The IIR are stored in a Repisotory and used to deduce tool knowledge dynamically. In this way, many tools can be integrated into a cooperative software environment. To verify this architecture, a number of tools including an editor, a test analyzer, the existing compilers and tracers are integrated into TIP. Finally, a number of compared components are used to assess the TIP with other environments and standards.

We developed an intelligent multimedia presentation design system earlier. Based on the system, we now develop a multimedia database system that supports the reuse of multimedia presentations and resources. The database consists of two layers: the frame layer and the resource layer. A frame group in the first layer is the basic presentation unit to be reused. A resource group in the second layer is a collection of resources to be used by a frame or a frame group. In these two layers, we use four types of links in the database to group frames and/or resources. Also, multimedia resources are associated with a number of properties. Using these properties, we allow the user to search for resources via a database browser. The database is built on the top of a commercial object-oriented database server and run under a windowing system.

Targeted delivery of drugs to tumors represents a significant advance in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Therefore, development of novel tumor-specific ligands or pharmaceutical nanocarriers is highly desirable. In this study, we utilized phage display to identify a new targeting peptide, SP90, which specifically binds to breast cancer cells, and recognizes tumor tissues from breast cancer patients. We used confocal and electron microscopy to reveal that conjugation of SP90 with liposomes enables efficient delivery of drugs into cancer cells through endocytosis. Furthermore, in vivo fluorescent imaging demonstrated that SP90-conjugated quantum dots possess tumor-targeting properties. In tumor xenograft and orthotopic models, SP90-conjugated liposomal doxorubicin was found to improve the therapeutic index of the chemotherapeutic drug by selectively increasing its accumulation in tumors. We conclude that the targeting peptide SP90 has significant potential in improving the clinical benefits of chemotherapy in the treatment and the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Modulation of the cellular response by the administration of probiotic bacteria may be an effective strategy for preventing or inhibiting tumour growth. We orally pre-inoculated mice with probioticsLactobacillus acidophilusNCFM (La) for 14 d. Subcutaneous dorsal-flank tumours and segmental orthotopic colon cancers were implanted into mice using CT-26 murine colon adenocarcinoma cells. On day 28 after tumour initiation, the lamina propria of the colon, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and spleen were harvested and purified for flow cytometry and mRNA analyses. We demonstrated thatLapre-inoculation reduced tumour volume growth by 50·3 %, compared with untreated mice at 28 d after tumour implants (2465·5 (sem1290·4)v. 4950·9 (sem1689·3) mm3,P Lareduced the severity of colonic carcinogenesis caused by CT-26 cells, such as level of colonic involvement and structural abnormality of epithelial/crypt damage. Moreover,Laenhanced apoptosis of CT-26 cells both in dorsal-flank tumour and segmental orthotopic colon cancer, and the mean counts of apoptotic body were higher in mice pre-inoculated withLa(P Lapre-inoculation down-regulated the CXCR4 mRNA expressions in the colon, MLN and extra-intestinal tissue, compared with untreated mice (P Lapre-inoculation reduced the mean fluorescence index of MHC class I (H-2Dd, -Kd and -Ld) in flow cytometry analysis. Taken together, these findings suggest that probioticsLamay play a role in attenuating tumour growth during CT-26 cell carcinogenesis. The down-regulated expression of CXCR4 mRNA and MHC class I, as well as increasing apoptosis in tumour tissue, indicated thatLamay be associated with modulating the cellular response triggered by colon carcinogenesis.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new concept that refers to an Internet connecting not just computer systems but a plethora of systems, devices, and objects, collectively referred to as “Things”, and encompasses technologies for identification and tracking, sensing and actuation, both wired and wireless communications, and also, intelligence and cognition. Wireless communications, which is an integral part of IoT, suffers from radio irregularity - a phenomenon referring to radio waves being selectively absorbed, reflected or scattered by objects in their paths, e.g., human bodies that comprises liquid, bone and flesh. Radio irregularity is often regarded as a problem in wireless communications but, with the envisioned pervasiveness of IoT, we aim to exploit radio irregularity as a means to detect people. We demonstrate how radio signal fluctuations arising from radio irregularity can be used to provide a low-cost alternative to dedicated sensing systems for indoor automated people counting.