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【Objective】 Flooding in paddy fields facilitates weed control, improves phosphorus availability, and aids in pest management. This paper experimentally studies leaching and recovery of nutrients during flooding period in paddy fields in the Tai Lake Basin. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in a paddy field with well-established field and main drainage ditches. During the experiment, we measured the quantity and quality of water in each irrigation-drainage unit in both field and main drainage ditches. The significance of each nutrient was calculated using the entropy weight method to identify key water quality factors in each irrigation-drainage unit. The data measured in both field and main drainage ditches were used to calculate the recovery of the leached nutrients and their reuse. 【Result】 After the inception of the flooding, the concentrations of all nutrients measured in the ditches increased initially followed by a decline. In the main drainage ditches, it took one to two days for changes in the nutrient concentrations to emerge. At the end of the flooding, the concentrations of nutrients in all ditches were higher than those before the flooding; they decreased as water flow increased. The analysis of the entropy weight method showed that nitrogen was the key water quality factor in the field ditches, while COD was the key water quality factor in the main ditches. Our results showed that 45.56% of drained water was reused for irrigation, and the recovery rates of TN, NH4+-N, TP and COD were 51.96%, 33.68%, 57.61% and 42.65%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The large irrigation volume used during the flooding period in the paddy fields increased the risk of nutrients leaching. Reusing the drained water is an effective strategy to minimize nutrients losses and reduce environmental pollution. Improving water conservation and reducing greenhouse emissions in each irrigation-drainage unit are crucial for developing sustainable agriculture in the Taihu Lake Basin.

Objective During the evolution of existing DCS (data communication subsystem) towards a dual-mode four-network system in the major signaling system renovation project of Shanghai Rail Transit Line 3 and Line 4, there is a hidden risk that the trackside DCS single-point fault may cause the failure of individual vehicle-wayside communication network. It is needed to optimize DCS reliability through adjusting the communication network structure. Method Based on TACS (train autonomous circumambulate system) structure and operation context, the DCS network structure is analyzed to identify key nodes and links affecting DCS reliability. The optimization scheme for DCS reliability is elaborated from both device and protocol layers. Field tests of operating trains on a sample section in the optimized scheme are conducted to evaluate the reliability of DCS. Result & Conclusion The optimized DCS demonstrates high reliability, it significantly enhances the overall performance of signaling system.

Abstract The goal of this study was to compare the advantages of conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) and the split-leg supine position single-port plus one laparoscopic surgery (SSP SILS + 1) in esophageal surgery. This study enrolled 73 patients who previously underwent radical esophagectomy for esophageal cancer from August 2021 to February 2023. Among them, 36 patients underwent SSP SILS + 1, whereas the remaining 37 patients underwentCLS. Surgical time, bleeding volume, number of dissected lymph nodes, incision length, and postoperative abdominal pain score between the two groups of patients were compared using either the Student’s t-test or chi-square test. Time of abdominal incision (1.4 ± 0.2 min vs. 5.2 ± 0.7 min, p 0.01) between the two groups. The SSP SILS + 1 intervention offers multiple benefits over conventional surgical procedures, encompassing shorter incision length and pain scores on POD 1. In accelerated rehabilitation surgery for esophageal cancer, this surgical procedure demonstrated high safety, feasibility.

ObjectivesThe localization of core components of heavy-duty gas turbines holds significant importance for technological innovation, industrial upgrading, and even national security. As a typical hot-end component of heavy-duty gas turbines, the performance of the turbine first-stage rotor blade directly determines the efficiency and reliability of the gas turbine. Therefore, the structure of the first-stage turbine blades of a certain heavy-duty gas turbine was optimized.MethodsBy increasing the number of bamboo nodes in the blade body, the blade cooling hole structure was optimized, and the thermal barrier coating was used to improve the blade coating. The temperature, stress distribution and aerodynamic efficiency of the blades before and after optimization under the service condition of the blade were compared and analyzed by fluid calculation and finite element calculation.ResultsHeat transfer efficiency inside the blade is enhanced by optimization of turbulent structure. Under the condition of the same inlet pressure of the cooling air, the surface temperature of the optimized blade is reduced by more than 50 ℃. Since the shape of the blade is not changed, there is little influence on the aerodynamic efficiency. Compared with the blades without optimization, the maximum equivalent stress and equivalent total strain of the optimized blade during service are significantly reduced.ConclusionsBy optimizing the cooling structure and upgrading the protective coatings, the reliability of the blades in high-temperature can be significantly improved. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the localization of gas turbines.

With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the proposal of the national carbon peak strategy， the use of renewable bio-based resources for the preparation of flame retardant polymer materials has received widespread attention. Cardanol is an abundant and cost-effective biomass with multiple highly reactive functional groups， which is expected to be used for the preparation of commercial flame retardant polymeric materials. The preparations of cardanol-based flame retardant additives for modifying polyvinyl chloride， unsaturated polyester thermosets， and epoxy thermosets were summarized. Their performances were comparatively analyzed. The recent research progress in flame retardant cardanol-based epoxy thermosets， flame retardant cardanol-based benzoxazines， flame retardant cardanol-based ultraviolet-curable coatings， flame retardant cardanol-based polyurethane foams， and flame retardant cardanol-based phenolic foams were summarized. It is pointed out that the preparation of multifunctional flame retardant cardanol-based polymer materials with excellent comprehensive performance is the key direction of future research.

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) is considered optional consolidation therapy especially for relapsed/refractory extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKL), but its applications to newly diagnosed advanced-stage ENKL is currently limited.

Herein, multicomponent oleogels composed of octacosanol and behenic acid were constructed and characterized, and the assembly mechanism of the composite system was preliminarily analyzed. The results showed that the crystal microstructure, rheological properties, thermal properties and oil-holding capacity of the composite system significantly varied with the mass ratio of octacosanol to behenic acid. When the mass ratio of octacosanol to behenic acid was 8:2, the system showed synergistic effect, the crystal morphology was fibrous, and the crystal was distributed in a mixture of α and β’ polymorphs, with the highest elasticity modulus and the strongest oil holding capacity being observed. When the mass ratio of octacosanol to behenic acid was 4:6, there was an antagonistic effect in the system, the crystal morphology showed spherical fibrous aggregates, and the crystal forms were dominated by the α polymorph, the lowest crystallization temperature/melting temperature and the weakest gel strength and oil-holding capacity being observed. These results lay a theoretical foundation for promoting the application and production of oleogels in functional foods, and provide novel technical ideas for improving the utilization of octacosanol.

Abstract [Objective] The study aims to analyze the effects of melatonin (MT) on the growth, biochemical characteristics, and expression of cold-responsive genes in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) suspension cells under low temperature stress, to screen the appropriate MT concentrations and to investigate the mechanism of MT in enhancing cold tolerance of grapevine. [Methods] Using ‘Pinot Noir’ grapevine suspension cells as test materials, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of MT [0 (CK), 50 (T1), 100 (T2), 200 (T3), 300 μmol/L (T4)] on the growth of the suspension cells, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), the content of proline (Pro), and the antioxidant enzyme activities, and changes in gene expression related to cold response to T2 treatment, under low temperature (4 ℃) stress, [Results] (1) Under low temperature stress, the dry weight of cells in each MT treatment showed a trend of first increase then decrease, which was finally stable or decreased, and was higher than CK at the end of treatment. (2) MDA and Pro contents of each treatment were firstly increased and then decreased with the time of treatment, which reached the peak at 24 h or 48 h. MDA content of each MT treatment was lower than that of CK, while the Pro content was higher than that of CK, with T2 treatment being the lowest or the highest. (3) The antioxidant enzyme activities of each MT treatment were higher than that of CK, with T2 treatment being the highest. With the prolongation of time, the activities of POD and CAT of each treatment firstly rose and then fell, while the activities of SOD and APX firstly fell and then rose, which reached the highest at 24 h or 6 h, respectively. (4) The relative expression of cold-responsive genes (VvCBFs, VvICE1, VvRD29B, and VvKIN-2) in T2-treated suspension cells were up-regulated compared with CK. [Conclusion] Under low temperature stress, the appropriate concentration (100 μmol/L) of MT increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes and cold-response genes, increases Pro content, decreases MDA content, and enhances low temperature tolerance of grapevine suspension cells.

Hemichorea-hemiballismus caused by cerebrovascular disease has been reported in many literatures, but it is rare in clinic. It is necessary to enhance the vigilance of clinicians. Based on the intravenous thrombolytic therapy, a comprehensive nursing plan including vital signs monitoring, safe protection, and prevention of fall and disease recurrence should be carried out to improve the curative effect and prognosis of such patients. (脑血管病致偏侧舞蹈症临床少见, 若诊治不当可能延误治疗, 加重病情。急性脑梗死并发偏侧舞蹈除静脉溶栓治疗外, 还应密切观察患者生命体征, 做好安全防护, 防止跌倒、疾病复发等不良事件。)

The occurrence characteristics and mobility are essential aspects of shale oil evaluation， as well as exploration and development. However， there are still significant challenges in characterizing the occurrence characteristics and mobility of shale oil due to the strong heterogeneity， as well as the complex pore structure and fluid properties of shale. New research methods and experimental techniques have emerged in recent years with the intensifying exploration and development of shale oil in China and abroad. Therefore， progress in research methods and experimental techniques were summarized for evaluating shale oil occurrence characteristics and mobility， and issues were proposed that need to be considered in the research on shale oil occurrence characteristics and mobility. The most direct method for qualitative evaluation of shale oil occurrence characteristics is the advanced high-resolution imaging techniques for image observation among existing techniques. The oil saturation index method and classification evaluation method based on statistical analysis have advantages in evaluating shale oil mobility in mature exploration areas. At present， the multi-temperature stage pyrolysis parameter method is a fast and efficient method to characterize the shale oil quantity in different occurrence states quantitatively， and it has a good application prospect in the evaluation of shale oil content， shale oil mobility， and resource quantity. The following issues should be fully considered while studying the occurrence characteristics and mobility of shale oil in the future： ① developing highly simulated shale oil enrichment， flow， and development simulation experiments to ensure similarity between experimental conditions and underground geological conditions； ② conducting microscopic flow experiments of micro- and nano-scale shale oil to explore the microscopic flow mechanism and control factors of shale oil； ③ dissecting the differences in occurrence characteristics and mobility of shale oil in different basic thin layers， as well as the contributions of different basic thin layers to shale oil content and mobility； ④ combining the microscopic occurrence form， fluid mechanism， and macroscopic geological parameters of shale oil to determine and evaluate the macroscopic geological conditions and parameters.

To improve the fatigue performance of turbine blade tenon， the effect of shot peening on the surface integrity and high temperature fatigue performance of DD412 single crystal alloy was investigated. The surface morphology， roughness， hardness gradient and microstructure after shot peening were characterized by white light interferometer， roughness tester，microhardness tester， scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope respectively. The results show that after shot peening， the surface grinding tool marks are eliminated， and the surface micro stress concentration factor is significantly reduced. Severe plastic deformation occurr in the surface layer of the specimen， and a hardened layer with a depth of about 0.10-0.32 mm is formed.The mean fatigue life of the optimal shot peening specimens at 600 ℃/500 MPa is increased by more than 21.7 times， and the median fatigue limit at 600 ℃ is increased by 17.3%. The favorable change of surface integrity is the main reason for the improvement of high temperature fatigue properties of DD412 alloy after shot peening.

With the rise of computing power networks, a novel infrastructure centered around computational power has emerged as a key driver in the development of the information economy. Data, recognized as a crucial production factor in the digital era, serves as a vital pillar for constructing new development paradigms. The data factor market, acting as the link between data and computational power networks, is particularly critical. Its robust operation directly affects the sustainable development of computational power networks and is provided with crucial support for the information economy system. Therefore, the data products were treated as the focal point, while the processes involved in the data factor market and the inherent connections among these components were introduced. Subsequently, the existing work on three key aspects of the data factor market was studied, including data value, data pricing, and data transactions. Regarding data value assessment, key aspects such as relative data value evaluation were discussed, introducing indicator systems, indicator weights, and value indices. For data asset value assessment, traditional methods such as the cost method, income method, and market method were discussed, as well as emerging methods based on machine learning. In terms of data pricing models, existing methods were categorized into two main types: pricing for dataset products and pricing for data service products. Seven pricing methods were summarized, and the advantages, disadvantages, and applicable scenarios of each method were further analyzed. Regarding data transaction systems, the applications of centralized and distributed architectures in the data trading market were analyzed from the perspective of system architecture. The current status and prospects of both on-exchange and over-the-counter trading modes were then introduced.

This study investigates how game mechanics influence gender performance through clothing choices in Empress's Choice. The game was first launched on mobile devices, chromebook, and tablets in June 2022. Players would be able to enjoy the game on a variety of platforms. This study employs content analysis to explore game mechanics and in-game elements, specifically focusing on how they affect the players' construction of their characters' gender. The analysis is limited to chapters featuring dressing-up and destiny event stages, where clothing choices are central to gameplay. Judith Butler's theory of performativity is a framework to examine whether the game reinforces traditional gender norms or encourages players to subvert them. The findings reveal that, despite the game's emphasis on player choices, the mechanics, especially those related to clothing and its associated features, still largely adhere to conventional gender expectations. The main character (player) is constructed to be female by repeatedly donning feminine clothes in mostly bright colors and elaborate accessories. All categories of clothing (type, color, and accessories) in the game have a particular bias towards traditional feminine elements. Therefore, during dress-up stages, players have limited choices in gender expression besides the feminine style dictated by the mechanics. However, the in-game actions, part of destiny events, show a contrasting experience. These events give players choices that impact the story without imposing specific gendered behaviors. This complexity indicates that limitations and opportunities to challenge gender norms exist in Empress's Choice through its game mechanics.

C51H33F18O8P2Sm, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.8193(9) Å, b = 13.4721(8) Å, c = 30.280(2) Å, β = 91.227(3)°, V = 5,228.2(6) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0370, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1025, T = 100.0 K.

Virtual power plants （VPPs） represent a tangible implementation in the construction of modern power systems. Addressing the current challenges of limited applicable technical standards and a lag in the development of a standardized system for VPPs， this paper， based on the collection and organization of relevant standards， conducts a comprehensive analysis of the standardization status across various facets of VPPs， including basic general standards， planning and construction， operation and maintenance， supporting technologies， and energy efficiency assessments. Adopting both top-down and bottom-up approaches of system engineering and guided by the principles of directive， coordinating， systematic， and open VPP standard system construction， a system architecture has been designed. The architecture encompasses 15 subcategories and 52 standard series. Furthermore， based on a future demand analysis， key layout recommendations have been proposed to provide reference for the establishment and revision of VPP standards.

Based on phenanthroline derivate ligand and Zn(ii), two novel coordination polymers, namely [Zn(L)(hta)]n (1) and {[Zn2(L)2(dhb)2]·H2O}n (2) (L = 2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, H2hta = heptanedioic acid, and H2dhb = 3,5-dinitro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid), have been synthesized under the hydrothermal condition. For 1, each hta anion bridges two Zn(ii) atoms in a tridentate mode to shape into a chain structure and through different π–π stacking interactions to form a three-dimensional supramolecular structure. The L ligand of 2 connects two neighbouring Zn(ii) atoms to give a 1D chain, which is further extended into the 2D supramolecular layer.

With the development of new energy, conventional units which are the main source of system inertia are constantly being replaced. Meanwhile, the load-side inertia becomes increasingly prominent with the increase of proportion. However, the existing load-side inertia estimation method is relatively simple, and the lower estimation accuracy cannot meet the needs of system operation management. Based on the principle of inertial quantitative statistics, a refined statistically modified method for load-side inertia estimation is proposed. Starting from the inertia analysis of the load-side basic elements and inertia modelling of the basic load units, an expression of load-side inertia estimation is given under typical load operating modes. Considering the scenario of distributed power supply access with hidden effect, the expression is modified in two cases of power supply with or without inertia equipment. According to IEEE 9-bus system, a simulation system is conducted, and simulation tests are carried out respectively with behind-the-meter power supply or not. The results show that the error of load-side inertia estimation is less than 5%, which verifies the accuracy and reliability of the proposed inertia estimation method.

We propose and demonstrate the simulation and fabrication of an all-fiber orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode converter capable of generating first- to fourth-order modes simultaneously, which is realized by inscribing a cascaded preset-twist long-period fiber grating (CPT-LPFG) in a six-mode fiber utilizing a CO2 laser. A new segmented Runge–Kutta method is proposed to simulate the preset-twist long-period fiber gratings. By calculating the twist angle and relative coupling coefficient for each pitch and then solving the coupled mode equations utilizing the Runge–Kutta algorithm. The simulation illustrates that the preset-twist method significantly improves the coupling coefficient of higher-order modes, thereby reducing coupling difficulty. In the experiment, by twisting the fiber at an angle of 1080° and fabricating cascaded gratings with periods of 745 μm, 310 μm, 204 μm, and 146 μm, it is feasible to generate first- to fourth-order OAM modes simultaneously, at wavelengths of 1635 nm, 1548 nm, 1460 nm, and 1334 nm, respectively. The insertion loss is less than 1 dB, and the mode purity is over 90 %. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that first- to fourth-order OAM modes are simultaneously generated utilizing a single long-period fiber grating.

A wearable walking aid for lower limbs is designed, which is mainly used to assist patients with lower limb movement disorders such as stroke hemiplegia to carry out daily walking activities. First of all, based on the analysis of the lower limb motion mechanism, joint structure and the composition of degrees of freedom, the three-dimensional structure model of the lower limb wearable walker is established. The 3D infrared motion capture system is used to collect the gait data of normal people and fit the corresponding joint angle curve. The simplified D-H model of the walker is established, and the kinematics modeling analysis of the walker is carried out. Taking the gait data collected from the motion capture experiment as the simulation driving force, the kinematics simulation verification of the walker is carried out. The results show that the joint angle change curve is basically consistent with the angle curve collected from the experiment, and the angular velocity change curve and the ankle joint centroid position change curve are consistent with the normal human walking law, which verify the rationality of the structure design of the lower limb wearable walker.

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of flaxseed on lipid metabolism， fatigue， and inflammation in overweight children.MethodsEighty overweight children ［average age： 11.50 ± 2.11 years； sex： 40 males and 40 females］ were randomly divided into the control （group C， n = 40） and experimental （group W， n = 40） group. A pre-test was carried out after completion of study-related assessments （blood collection； evaluation of the indexes of fatigue， inflammation， stress， and fat metabolism； and completing mental state-related questionnaires and body composition tests）. Participants in group C ate 20 g of expanded wheat （approximately 347 kcal） while those in group W ate 20 g of flaxseed （approximately 420 kcal） every day. Blood samples and body composition tests were carried out on Sunday in weeks 4， 8， 12， and 16 of the intervention. The mental stress questionnaire was completed on Sunday in week 16 of the intervention.ResultsDuring the 16-week diet， no significant changes in body mass index （BMI）， body fat rate， triglyceride （TG）， total Cholesterol （TC）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） were found in group C （P>0.05）. The BMI， body fat rate， TG， TC， and LDL-C of participants tended to trend downward in group W. After week 16， the values of these indexes were significantly lower than those in the pretest and group C at the corresponding time point （P

Objective·To investigate the expression and clinical significance of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase1 (GGPS1) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) by bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry.Methods·Firstly, the transcriptome data of LUSC tissues and paired normal tissues were downloaded from UCSC Xena platform. The data were standardized and differentially expressed by R language, and verified by UALCAN database. UALCAN and LinkedOmics databases were used to analyze the relationship between GGPS1 expression and clinicopathological features in LUSC patients. The Kaplan-Meier Plotter database was used to explore the effect of GGPS1 expression on prognosis in LUSC patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were applied to screen gene correlation coefficients and risk scores. The diagnostic value of GGPS1 for LUSC was evaluated by nomogram and calibration curve. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of GGPS1 was constructed by using STRING and GeneMANIA databases. R language was used to select the differential genes related to GGPS1, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed. The expression of GGPS1 in LUSC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry, and its correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed.Results·Through the TIMER2.0 database, it was found that GGPS1 expression was increased in most tumors and was highly expressed in LUSC. The expression of GGPS1 in LUSC was higher than that in adjacent tissues in UCSC Xena and UALCAN databases (both P

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of palmar ginseng on cognitive impairment in rats with type 2 diabetes, evaluate its neuroprotective effects, and explore its underlying mechanism. Methods: A rat model of diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) was established by feeding with homemade high-fat, high-sugar chow combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Rats were continually fed high-fat, high-sugar chow for 60 days after successful induction of the model. Palmar ginseng was administered via gavage. The Morris test was performed after 30 days of treatment. At the end of the test, blood samples were collected, and the activities of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IL-1β in rat serum. Pathological changes in hippocampal tissues were observed by Haematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining of the brain, activation of microglia in hippocampal tissues was detected by immunofluorescence, and the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and JAK2/STAT3 proteins in the hippocampal tissues by Western blot. Results: During the administration of palmar Ginseng, the body weight and blood glucose levels of DCI rats were measured weekly, with results showing that Palmar Ginseng effectively reduced blood glucose levels and body weight of DCI rats. Behavioural tests in the water maze indicated that palmar ginseng effectively improved the learning and memory ability of DCI rats. HE and immunofluorescence staining showed that palmar ginseng improved DCI in rats, ameliorated hippocampal neuronal damage, and improved microglial activation. ELISA showed that palmar ginseng significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in the serum of DCI rats. Increased expression of anti-inflammatory factors was observed, and Western blot analysis showed that Palmar Ginseng regulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR and JAK2/STAT3 protein expression, promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and inhibited JAK2/STAT3 protein phosphorylation in rat hippocampal tissues as well as in BV2 cells. Conclusions: Palmar ginseng may improve the onset and development of DCI by upregulating the phosphorylation of proteins in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Hepatitis E virus （HEV） is a universal foodborne pathogen that infects swine， deer， rabbits， camels， and other animals. Direct contact with infected pigs and other animals or consumption of contaminated food （uncooked or undercooked） poses a risk of HEV infection in humans. This article summarizes the etiology and epidemiology of HEV， its prevalence in various animal species， and the contamination of meat and meat products， the aquatic environment， seafood， vegetables， and other crops. Therefore， people can better understand the risk of foodborne HEV transmission and provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling its prevalence.

Recently， the analysis of animal- and plant-derived components， mainly based on the adulteration and smuggling of meat products and genetically modified crops， has been a key focus in the field of food safety. Therefore， the requirement for analytical methods has been increasingly emphasized. Recombinase isothermal amplification is a novel and promising detection technique that currently includes recombinase polymerase amplification （RPA） and recombinase-aided amplification （RAA）. This technique has been widely used in animal- and plant-derived component analysis and other detection and analysis fields owing to its speed， convenience， and high sensitivity and specificity. This paper summarizes relevant research conducted locally and abroad in recent years and concludes with an analysis of various detection methods. It also generalizes the characteristics and applications of RPA/RAA technology in four aspects： primer-probe design， external factors， reaction devices， and detection methods， and lays out the prospects for RPA/RAA development trends. Finally， this study also provides a reference for improving the analysis and detection methods of animal- and plant-derived components and promoting RPA/RAA technology.

Mitochondrial homeostasis plays a pivotal role in oocyte maturation and embryonic development. Deoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) is a nucleoside kinase that salvages purine nucleosides in mitochondria and is critical for mitochondrial DNA replication and homeostasis in non-proliferating cells. Dguok loss-of-function mutations and deletions lead to hepatocerebral mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome. However, its potential role in reproduction remains largely unknown. In this study, we find that Dguok knockout results in female infertility. Mechanistically, DGUOK deficiency hinders ovarian development and oocyte maturation. Moreover, DGUOK deficiency in oocytes causes a significant reduction in mitochondrial DNA copy number and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and impairs germinal vesicle breakdown. Only few DGUOK-deficient oocytes can extrude their first polar body during in vitro maturation, and these oocytes exhibit irregular chromosome arrangements and different spindle lengths. In addition, DGUOK deficiency elevates reactive oxygen species levels and accelerates oocyte apoptosis. Our findings reveal novel physiological roles for the mitochondrial nucleoside salvage pathway in oocyte maturation and implicate DGUOK as a potential marker for the diagnosis of female infertility.

Online social networks attract billions of active users and deeply influence people's lifestyles. However, as public social networks with low requirements for registration and joining, it is inevitable that social bots are able to easily register and do harmful things such as controlling public opinion and spreading inaccurate information for profit. Nevertheless, single-site social bot detection systems often rely on historical behavioral data to identify bots, and the detection occurred after the social bots have implemented their attacks. To identify social bots as early as possible, this paper proposes Cerberus, a cross-site system for detecting social bots in social networks, which solves the cold-start problem of user identification caused by insufficient user data on a single platform at an early stage and thus identifies social bots as early as possible. In this paper, the system is designed to identify whether a user on Twitter is a bot or not by leveraging the user's profile and text contents on his or her Medium account linked to Twitter. The results from our experiments show that the AUC score of the system can reach 0.7522, which outperforms others.

Background: This study aimed to explore the correlation between the Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) 1171 5A/6A gene polymorphism and susceptibility to Chronic Periodontitis (CP). Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) without any time or language limitations. The selection criteria included case-control studies examining the association between the MMP-3 gene polymorphism and CP. The data were independently extracted and cross-checked by two reviewers. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the studies. Statistical heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed. Results: Five studies, published between 2004 and 2019, met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. No significant association was observed between MMP-3 gene polymorphism and CP susceptibility across all subjects in the four gene models. However, subgroup analysis revealed significant differences based on genotyping methods and smoking habits. Using PCR-RFLP genotyping method, the allele and additive models showed a positive correlation with the risk of CP (5A vs 6A, OR=1.12, 95%CI (1.02č 1.23); 5A5A vs 6A6A, OR=2.85, 95%CI (1.61č4.86)). In contrast, using Sanger sequencing method, the 5A mutation appeared to reduce CP susceptibility (5A vs 6A, OR=0.77, 95%CI (0.67č0.87); 5A5A vs 6A6A, OR= 0.20, 95%CI (0.09č0.42)). Moreover, smoking habits appeared to modulate the risk. Among smokers, the 5A mutation increased susceptibility to CP, while among nonsmokers it decreased. Conclusions: While no significant correlation was found in the overall population, the stratified analysis revealed nuanced relationships contingent on genotyping methods and smoking habits.

【Objective】 To explore reasonable water and nitrogen management practices in the main winter wheat producing areas of North China. 【Method】 A field experiment was carried out at the Irrigation Experiment Centre Station of Shandong Province from 2020 to 2021 using "Qimai No.1" wheat as the material. Four irrigation treatments were set up, with the upper and lower limits of irrigation at 60%-70% (W1), 70%-80% (W2), 80%-90% (W3) and no irrigation (CK) of the field water holding capacity, and the application rate of nitrogen was 240 kg/hm2. The data from the experiments were used to determine the rate of the parameters of the RZWQM 2 model and to validate the model, and the model was applied to simulate the effects of the water and nitrogen regulation on the accumulation of soil nitrate nitrogen and nitrogen use. The model was used to simulate the effects of water and nitrogen regulation on soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen utilisation. 【Result】 The results showed that the standard root mean square errors (NRMSE) of soil profile water content, soil nitrate nitrogen amount and yield ranged from 9.3% to 25.0%, 0.3% to 29.7% and 4.03% to 11.19%, respectively, and the mean relative errors (MRE) ranged from 8.0% to 24.2%, 1.4% to 30.4%, and 5.29% to 11.98%, respectively, with consistency index D were all higher than 0.65; using the corrected RZWQM 2 model, five nitrogen levels (180, 200, 220, 240 kg/hm2and 260 kg/hm2) were set at W1, W2 and W3 moisture measurement and recharge levels, and the soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation produced at the W2 and W3 levels was increased by 30.9%-59.7% and 49.6%-79.6%, respectively, compared with the W1; The simulation concluded that N application of 220-240 kg/hm2 and W2 levels were more favourable for soil nitrate N accumulation in the 0-1 m soil layer, with accumulation of 108.30-125.10 kg/hm2. Nitrogen uptake efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer bias productivity of N application of 220 kg/hm2 and W2 levels were 59% and 23.4 kg/kg, respectively. 【Conclusion】 In conclusion, the RZWQM 2 model can be used to simulate soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen utilisation in the main production area of winter wheat in North China, and moisture supplemental irrigation W2 and nitrogen application of 220-240 kg/hm2 are more reasonable water and nitrogen management measures in this area.

This paper proposes a Multi-scale Dilated Variational Graph Convolutional Autoencoder (MG-VAE) model for gas turbine fault diagnosis. The model integrates a multi-scale dilated convolutional attention mechanism to extract features across different scales, enhancing its ability to represent complex data and improving robustness in noisy environments. Additionally, a graph convolution module captures correlations between sensors, further enhancing diagnostic accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate the model’s effectiveness, achieving high diagnostic accuracy in both gear fault simulation and real gas turbine fault datasets. Ablation experiments show that the integration of the graph convolutional network and the multi-scale dilated convolutional attention mechanism significantly improves accuracy, highlighting the model’s potential for practical industrial applications in gas turbine fault diagnosis.

For the gas flow controlled by the closed boun&dary， after the completion of gas testing and shut-in to obtain the original formation pressure， the pressure draw down curves can be divided into three stages： unsteady state， transit state and pseudo-steady state. The pseudo-steady state is called elastic two-phase state， and the pressure within the well control range of the elastic two-phase state decreases at a constant velocity. This article established the general formulas for the stable rate and variable rate elastic two-phase method of gas wells， based on the stable rate elastic two-phase method represented by pressure first power， pressure square and pseudo pressure proposed by Chen Yuanqian， and the variable rate elastic two-phase method represented by pressure first power proposed by Blasingame. The practical application shows that the general formula provided in this paper are practical and effective.

Under the background of “double carbon”, the concept of green consumption has been deeply rooted in the hearts of people. However, consumers do not fully trust the greenness of products. The information transparency and traceability mechanism of blockchain technology can well dispel consumers?? doubts. Introducing blockchain technology into traditional green supply chains, considering consumer green preferences and green trust, a game model is constructed among members of the green supply chain before and after the application of blockchain technology, as well as under different power structures, to quantitatively study their emission reduction and pricing strategies, and to explore how to achieve optimal consumer surplus and total social welfare. On the basis of adopting blockchain technology, smart wholesale price contracts and cost sharing smart contracts are designed, and the reasonable range of smart wholesale prices and the optimal cost sharing ratio are calculated, to improve enterprise operational efficiency and achieve supply chain coordination. The results show that when consumers?? green preference is high, the use of blockchain can bring more benefits to all participants in the supply chain. At the same time, the higher the willingness of consumers to buy green products, the greater the benefits. Through numerical analysis, it is found that the smart contracts can better coordinate the supply chain in the case of retailers leading the supply chain. Finally, the validity of the relevant conclusions is verified through empirical cases.

The evaporation characteristic of desulfurization wastewater is an important indicator for determining the process parameters of three effect evaporation. Through evaporation experiments，the relationship between the evaporation rate of desulfurization wastewater and the solid content，salt content and density of wastewater was studied，and the discharge concentration under the optimal operation state of the system was determined. The experimental results showed that low solid content of desulfurization wastewater was conducive to wastewater evaporation，solid particles in the wastewater could provide crystal seeds for salt crystallization，particle scouring reduces the risk of tube scaling，considering evaporation efficiency and reducing the risk of tube scaling，the recommended solid content of influent water was 4%.The evaporation rate of desulfurization wastewater decreases with the increase of salt concentration. Moreover，the higher the salt concentration was，the faster the evaporation rate decreased，which may be related to solution viscosity，solution surface tension and ion hydration number. The evaporation rate of desulfurization wastewater is negatively related to the solution density. When the solution density exceeded 1 400 kg/m3，the evaporation rate decreased significantly and the energy consumption increased significantly. Considering the efficient operation of the system and the filter press effect，it recommended 1 400 kg/m3 of the discharge density. The concentration ratio was an important indicator of the process design of the low-temperature three effect evaporation system. The concentration ratio was negatively related to the solid content of raw water. The concentration ratio should be determined according to the solid content of raw water and the discharge density to complete the overall design of the three-effect evaporation system.

Currently, most underground wind temperature predictions use BP neural networks. But their prediction precision is affected by the number of learning samples and they are prone to falling into local optima. Elman neural networks have local memory capability, which improves the stability and dynamic adaptability of the network. However, there are still problems such as slow convergence speed and easy falling into local optima. In order to solve the above problems, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the weights and thresholds of the Elman neural network. A bottom air temperature prediction model based on the PSO Elman neural network is established. The analysis shows that the relative humidity of the inlet and outlet wind, the surface inlet wind temperature, the surface atmospheric pressure, and the depth of the shaft are the main influencing factors of the bottom air temperature. Therefore, they are used as input data for the model, and the output data of the model is the bottom air temperature. The experimental results on the same sample dataset show that the Elman model converges at 90 iterations and the PSO Elman model converges at 41 iterations. It indicates that the PSO-Elman model converges faster. Compared with the BP neural network model, support vector regression (SVR) model, and Elman model, the prediction error of the PSO-Elman model is significantly reduced. The mean absolute error, mean square error (MSE), and mean absolute percentage error are 0.376 0 ℃, 0.278 3, and 1.95%, respectively. The determination coefficient R2 is 0.992 4, which is very close to 1, indicating that the prediction model has good predictive performance. The verification results of the example show that the relative error range of the PSO-Elman model is −4.69%-1.27%, the absolute error range is −1.06-0.29 ℃, and the MSE is 0.26. The overall prediction precision can meet the actual needs of the underground.

The hemiplegic patients can't walk on their own due to the movement obstacle of one side of the lower limb caused by brain injury. The lower limb wearable walker can help them get the ability to walk, but if they want to walk out the normal gait like ordinary people, the gait planning of the lower limb wearable walker is necessary. Gait planning is the basis and key for man-machine coupling walking and maintaining stability. Firstly, through the analysis of the movement of each joint of the lower limb, the overall mechanism of the lower limb wearable walker is designed. Secondly the gait planning is carried out. The part between the joints of the leg of the walker is regarded as a homogeneous rigid link, nine special time points of each joint in the complete walking cycle are extracted, and the coordinates and angles of the joints at each time point are analyzed. Combined with the cubic spline interpolation method in Matlab software, the motion track of the joints is simulated. Finally,the gait planning data is analyzed to obtain the coordinates of the barycenter projection point, fit the motion track of the barycenter projection point, and analyze whether the track always falls in the support area. The results prove that the barycenter projection point is always in the supporting area, which indicates that the gait planning meets the stability requirements.

C23H23Co0.5N4O4, triclinic, P1‾$P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 9.6428(5) Å, b = 10.3191(5) Å, c = 11.8710(6) Å, α = 86.664(4)∘$86.664{(4)}^{\circ }$, β = 69.399(5)∘$69.399{(5)}^{\circ }$, γ = 79.429(4)∘$79.429{(4)}^{\circ }$, V = 1086.90(10) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt${R}_{\mathit{g}\mathit{t}}$(F) = 0.0432, wRref$w{R}_{\mathit{r}\mathit{e}\mathit{f}}$(F2) = 0.1454, T = 293(2) K.

Precise and fast acquisition of shale porosity is important for the prediction of the spatial distribution of shale oil and the exploration target. To address the problem of low accuracy of porosity prediction using logging response equation， a porosity prediction model based on random forest algorithm is established， and the prediction accuracy is compared with those of BP neural network， support vector machine， and XGBoost algorithm， and the importance and influence range of logging parameters are analyzed by SHAP method. The results show that the random forest algorithm can better predict shale porosity， and the prediction effect is better than BP neural network， support vector machine， and XGBoost algorithm； the application of shale porosity prediction based on random forest algorithm in a depression in Bohai Bay Basin finds that the top three most important logging parameters for model prediction of porosity are compensation neutron， natural gamma， and ordinary apparent resistivity； the shale porosity prediction model based on random forest algorithm can quickly identify the porosity of a single well， which can not only compensate for the difficulty of obtaining the complete porosity distribution characteristics due to the inability of continuous coring but also significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of porosity prediction.

Traditional object detection algorithms require manual feature extraction when recognizing abnormal behavior of miners queuing, resulting in long detection time and low detection precision. The object detection algorithm based on convolutional neural networks has improved detection speed and precision. But its detection performance is difficult to guarantee in scenarios of obstruction, dimness, and uneven illumination. In order to solve the above problems, an improved YOLOv5s (HPI YOLOv5s) model is proposed. It is used for miner queue detection. The HPI-YOLOv5s model improves the path aggregation network (PANet) on the basis of the YOLOv5s model. By deleting a single input edge node and adding bidirectional crossing paths, a bidirectional cross feature pyramid network (BCrFPN) is constructed for multi-scale feature fusion. Considering the low robustness of label allocation strategies with manually set thresholds, a dynamic label allocation strategy (ATSS-PLUS) is proposed based on adaptive training sample selection (ATSS) to dynamically set thresholds. It can reasonably evaluate the quality of candidate samples and dynamically set thresholds for each real object, resulting in higher detection precision and robustness. The method calculates the intersection area between the face frame and the designated queue area using the half plane intersection method. The method compares the ratio of the intersection area to the face frame area with the set threshold to determine whether the miners are queuing in an orderly manner. The experimental results show that the HPI-YOLOv5s model has an accuracy improvement of 1.9%, a weight reduction of 32%, a parameter reduction of 6.9%, and a detection speed improvement of 7.8% compared to the YOLOv5s model. Moreover, it can more accurately recognize the queuing situation of miners in obstruction, dimness, and uneven illumination mine images.

Objective：This study aimed to develop relevant health products with ginseng and semen ziziphi spinosae as raw materials. Methods: HPLC and UV spectrophotometer were used to study the chemical components of different compatibility ratios of ginseng and semen ziziphi spinosae. The antioxidant activity in vitro of ginseng and semen ziziphi spinosae with different compatibility ratios was analyzed by DPPH free radical, ABTS+free radical, hydroxyl free radical and superoxide anion free radical scavenging rate. Moreover, the grey relational degree method was used, and entropy weight method was used as the discrimination coefficient for statistical analysis, combined with the characteristics of comprehensive evaluation to optimize the compatibility ratio. Results: The correlation analysis showed that the antioxidant activity of ginseng-semen ziziphi spinosae and the content of total phenolic acid, Jujuboside A and spinosin were significantly correlated; and the chemical content determination results showed that the total phenolic acid, Jujuboside A and spinosin content of ginseng-semen ziziphi spinosae (1∶1) were higher than the other ratio. The results showed that its antioxidant activity was stronger than other ratios. Furthermore, the pharmacodynamic bases of its antioxidant activity were total phenolic acid, Jujuboside A, and spinosin. Conclusion: The optimal ratio of antioxidant activity of ginseng and semen ziziphi spinosae is m ginseng∶msemen ziziphi spinosae at 1∶1.

Oil-impregnated paper is the most widely used insulating material for power transformers. Power transformers inevitably generate a lot of heat during operation. Among them, thermal aging is one of the main forms of aging for insulating paper. In this study, the ab initio molecular dynamics method based on the density functional theory is used to simulate the cracking mechanism of cellobiose under transient high temperature. The results show that the cellobiose is relatively stable at 343 K, the motility of the cellobiose is enhanced at 1,800 K, the cellobiose starts to decompose at 2,400 K, and new characteristic products are formed at 3,000 K. The characteristic products include CO, H2O, CH3OH, H2, and CH4. These characteristic products can represent the degree of cracking of insulating paper. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the mechanism of cracking of insulating paper caused by transient high temperature.

0.7BiFeO3-0.3BaTiO3+0.35%(mole fraction, the same below)MnO2+x%LiF piezoelectric ceramics(BF-BT-MN-xLF) were synthesized via a solid state reaction process. The phase composition, microstructure, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of BF-BT-MN-xLF ceramics were measured by XRD, SEM, ferroelectric test system and precision impedance analyzer. The results indicate that LiF doping enhances lattice distortion, promotes sintering and grain growth, as well as the temperature stability of piezoelectric performance. The orientation of the composite defect dipoles produced by the inequivalent substitution of Li+ and F- for A/B site, lags behind the changes in the electric field, and consequently brings about a clamping hysteresis loop. Meanwhile, the investigation on the depolarization behavior and Curie temperature for BF-BT-MN-xLF ceramics reveals that both Curie temperature Tc and depolarization temperature Td increase remarkably, and Tc and Td increase from 500 ℃ and 410 ℃(x=0) to 550 ℃ and 505 ℃(x=0.50), respectively. When the doping amount of LiF is 0.50%, the ceramics sintered at 860-1020 ℃, maintain excellent piezoelectric activity with a high d33 value of 176-202 pC/N. The ceramics with x=0.50 sintered at 960 ℃ show the optimum piezoelectric properties: d33=202 pC/N, kp=34%, Tc≈550 ℃, Td1≈505 ℃.

The contact of the closing resistance of a certain 1 100 kV circuit breaker is faulty. Two short bolts are falling off and two long bolts are broken and separated. By technical means of macro inspection， dimensional measurement， metallographic analysis and so on， the material， connection and operation conditions are discussed， the finite element analytical model with high precision is developed， and the fault cause is analyzed by considering the height difference of bolt hole between long bolt and short bolt and the impact of operation load. The results show that both long bolts and short bolts are intact， but the long bolts show obvious fatigue fracture morphology. Further analysis shows that when the closing resistance and the active arc contact press cylinder are fully fastened， the height difference of bolt hole between the long bolt and short bolt forms the tension， which loosens the long bolt and produces cracks at the connecting plate， thus the long bolts are broken under the action of long-term opening and closing. The height difference of the blot hole can be identified as the main cause of breaking of closing resistance fastening bolts.

Cd(ii) ion was used as template ion, and N,N'-pyridine-2,6-di(2-methacrylamide) was used as the functional monomer. The experimental conditions for the synthesis of Cd(ii) ion-imprinted composite membranes (Cd(ii)-IICMs) were optimized by the surface-imprinting method, and 25 Cd(ii)-IICM1–25 and their corresponding non-imprinted composite membranes (NICM1–25) were prepared. Then, the structures of the optimal membranes Cd(ii)-IICM17 and NICM17 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Brunner–Emmett–Teller, thermogravimetric analysis, contact angle analysis, and the effects of different adsorption conditions were studied. The adsorption behavior was analyzed by isothermal adsorption models and kinetic models. The permeation selectivity of Cd(ii)-IICM17 towards Cd(ii) ions was studied. Results of the experiment indicate that Cd(ii)-IICM17 had excellent adsorption properties for Cd(ii) ions with an imprinting factor of 2.15. The adsorption of Cd(ii) ions in solution by Cd(ii)-IICM17 and NICM17 was in accordance with the Freundlich isothermal adsorption model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In addition, in the presence of the competing ions Co(ii), Ni(ii), and Cu(ii), Cd(ii)-IICM17 showed good permeation selectivity for Cd(ii) ions, and the permeation process followed a facilitated permeation mass-transfer mechanism. In summary, the Cd(ii)-IICM17 prepared in this study has good application prospects for the separation and removal of Cd(ii) ions from wastewater.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer that is difficult to treat, has a poor prognosis, and is prone to recurrence and metastasis in the early postoperative period. The age of patients is tending younger, and the racial difference is large. It is also related to family history, and genetic susceptibility is obvious. So, elucidating the genetic risk factors of TNBC and obtaining precise therapeutic targets are urgent tasks. Obtaining reliable characteristic genes and their polymorphisms between TNBC of different subtypes is difficult. This review summarizes the susceptibility genes and the polymorphisms of TNBC susceptibility genes of different molecular subtypes, in order to develop effective TNBC prevention strategies and find effective therapeutic targets. This review provides a theoretical basis for promoting the study of TNBC from the perspective of genetics.

The（Ni, Pt）Al bond coats were prepared on the surface of nickel base single crystal superalloy by chemical vapor deposition（CVD）, and then YSZ ceramic coats were directly deposited on the surface of bond coats by electron beam physical vapor deposition（EB-PVD）.The influence of phase constituent of bond coat on the cyclic oxidation behavior of （Ni, Pt）Al/YSZ thermal barrier coatings was investigated in detail. The phase structure, morphology and chemical composition of the coatings were analyzed. The experimental results show that the bond coat is mainly composed of β-（Ni,Pt）Al and PtAl2 phases and the contents of the as-deposited bond coat are primarily including Ni, Al, Pt, Co and Cr elements. The spallation location of the TBCs probably occurs at the interface of TGO layer and bond coat, inside of TGO layer and within the bond coat. After thermal cycling test, it is found that the spallation may occur in the interior and interface of TGO and adhesive layer. With the extension of thermal exposure time, the residual stress located at the TGO layer decreases gradually in total. Therefore, controlling the precursor activity, Pt/Al element content, inhibiting the formation of brittle PtAl2 phase, improving the interfacial toughness of TGO layer/bonding layer, and reducing the stress-strain level of TGO layer are important ways to extend the thermal cycling life of（Ni, Pt）Al/YSZ thermal barrier coatings.

Aiming at the problem that the fatigue performance of aeroengine blade leading edge was seriously degraded after foreign object damage（FOD）, the surface of TC4 titanium alloy thin wall specimen was treated by laser shock/mechanical shot peening, and the residual stress gradient distribution on the specimen surface before and after the composite strengthening was measured by X-ray diffraction method； The high order vibration fatigue life of TC4 titanium alloy thin wall specimens before and after treatment was tested by electromagnetic vibration table, and FOD was introduced into the specimen surface by fabricating pits of different shapes with a hardness tester； The fatigue fracture surface was analyzed by SEM； The evolution of residual stress distribution on the specimen surface before and after FOD was simulated by finite element dynamic numerical simulation, and the mechanism of the influence of the composite strengthening layer on the notch fatigue performance of FOD was revealed. The results show that the average fatigue life of the composite strengthened FOD specimen is 370% and 60% higher than that of the non strengthened FOD specimen and the non strengthened FOD specimen, respectively. The deep residual compressive stress field（thickness 500 μm）formed on the surface layer of the specimen after composite strengthening is an important reason for increasing the fatigue life of FOD specimen.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ultrasonography visualization teaching in the integration course of diagnostics and ultrasonic medicine for eight-year clinical medicine program students and to provide reference for further optimization of the teaching program. Methods The study conducted a questionnaire survey with electronic questionnaire in the eight-year clinical medicine program students from Peking Union Medical College who participated in ultrasonography visualization teaching of neck and abdomen. We adopted self-control study(data from the questionnaires completed by the same student before and after the course) to compare the accuracy of each knowledge point before and after teaching to evaluate the teaching effect, and collected course satisfaction ratings and feedback from the students. Results A total of 124 eight-year medical students participated in the survey, with 107 cases eight-year clinical medicine program students in grade 2017, and 17 cases '4+4' pilot class students in grade 2019 from Peking Union Medical College. Altogether 116 valid questionnaires (the response rate was 93.5%, 116/124) were collected for neck ultrasound courses and 101 valid questionnaires (the response rate was 94.4%, 101/107) for abdominal ultrasound courses. After the teaching of neck ultrasound course, the correctness of 68.8%(11/16) and 66.7%(10/15) of the knowledge points was significantly improved for the grade of 2017 and 2019 medicine students, respectively (all P < 0.05); after the teaching of abdominal ultrasound course, the correctness of 80%(4/5) of the knowledge points was significantly improved for both the grade of 2017 and 2019 medicine students (all P < 0.05). Course satisfaction surveys showed that 99.1%(115/116)of the students were very satisfied or satisfied with the cervical ultrasound course, and 0.9%(1/116) were somewhat satisfied. As for the abdominal ultrasound course, 99.0% (100/101) of the students were very satisfied or satisfied and 1.0%(1/101) were somewhat satisfied. Twenty one medical students gave feedback on the evaluation of the course, believing that ultrasound visualization teaching improved learning initiative (52%, 11/21) and learning efficiency (43%, 9/21) and stimulated learning interest (5%, 1/21); 27 medical students made suggestions on the teaching mode, among which 'increasing teaching hours' accounted for the highest proportion (56%, 15/27), followed by 'recommending reference books' (26%, 7/27). Conclusion The ultrasonography visualization teaching improves the learning initiative and efficiency of eight-year clinical medicine program undergraduates, stimulates the learning interest, and promotes their mastery of relevant knowledge.

Background The prevalence of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) -IgG associated disorders (MOGAD) is significantly higher in children than that in adults. The characteristics and associations of phenotypes and recurrence risk in children are still unclear. Objective To examine the phenotypic features and recurrence factors of MOG-IgG positivity in central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases in children. Methods A follow-up study on 54 children with MOGAD diagnosed in Children's Hospital of Hebei Province from December 2017 to December 2021 was performed. Phenotypic features at each demyelinating attack, laboratory tests, imaging characteristics, MOG-IgG titers in serum/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), efficacy, and high risk factors for recurrence were analyzed. The MOG-IgG was tested using cell-based immunofluorescence assay. All patients were followed up until March 31, 2022. Results In our study, the median age of onset was 6.0 (4.0, 8.0) years and the male to female ratio was 1∶1.07. Serum MOG-IgG titers were 1∶10-1∶320. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was the most common phenotype (44.4%, 24/54), followed by optic neuritis (ON) (25.9%, 14/54) and non-ADEM-like meninges /encephalitis (20.4%, 11/54). Ten cases (18.5%) were positive for MOG-IgG in serum and CSF, and 2 (3.7%) were positive for both NMDAR-IgG in CSF and MOG-IgG in serum. Brain MRI showed new lesions during the 76.9% (60/78) of the 78 attacks in total, and the most common locations were cortical white matter (66.7%, 40/60) and optic nerve (35.0%, 21/60). Forty patients (74.1%, 40/54) experienced one episode, the main phenotypes were ADEM (57.5%, 23/40) and non-ADEM-like meninges/encephalitis (25.0%, 10/40). Fourteen patients (25.9%, 14/54) had two or more episodes, and the initial phenotype of them was ADEM with ON (57.1%, 8/14) or ON (21.4%, 3/14). Compared with recrudescent cases, non-recrudescent cases had much lower prevalence of ON or ADEM with ON as the primary phenotype (P

ObjectiveStatistical analysis of the domestic health food that has been filed from July 2017 to April 2022 was carried out to provide reference about the research and filing of health food for manufacturers ， and to provide data support for regulatory authorities to formulate relevant regulations.MethodsA total of 9 835 health food records were collected from the special food information inquiry platform of the State Administration for Market Regulation and administration for market regulation of all provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. The number of records， filing regions， dosage forms， product types， health functions and raw material compatibility were analyzed.ResultsThe number of health food records in China had been increasing overall since 2017， but the regional distribution of health food records was uneven. Among them， tablets accounted for more than 50% and capsule products for about 30% in shape； of 8 950 nutrient supplements， the largest number of products supplemented with single nutrient supplements was 43.7%. A total of 885 functional health food products had been recorded. The number of products with spirulina as raw material was less， while the number of other four raw materials were all over 150.ConclusionSince the beginning of domestic health food recording， the number of recorded products has reached up to nearly 10 000. We recommend that he relevant regulatory departments should continuously improve the existing regulations to ensure the steady and rapid development of health food filing in China. Manufacturers shall， in accordance with people’s health needs and relevant regulations， carry out formulation research and product filing， which will not only bring economic benefits to manufacturers themselves， but also help promote the construction of “Healthy China”.

Fe40Cr25Ni25Al5Ti5 (atom fraction/%) medium entropy alloys (MEAs) were prepared by a vacuum arc-melting furnace with a water-cooled copper mold, and the microstructure, mechanical properties and strengthening deformation mechanism of the alloy in solid solution and annealed states were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy spectrometry(EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and tensile testing machine.The results show that the Fe40Cr25Ni25Al5Ti5 medium entropy alloy has FCC+BCC1+BCC2 triple-phase organization of solid solution state, with yield strength of 520 MPa, fracture strength of 852 MPa and elongation of 13%. After annealing at 600 ℃ for 2 h, the phase composition of the alloy has no change, the size of granular BCC2 phase increases, and the volume fraction of FCC zone and BCC zone has no change significantly. The yield strength is 668 MPa, the fracture strength is 1029 MPa, and the elongation is reduced to 9%. The strength of Fe40Cr25Ni25Al5Ti5 alloy originates from the synergistic effect of coherent strengthening, solid solution strengthening and phase boundary strengthening. Dislocation slips are the main deformation mechanism of alloy.

The surface roughness, residual stress and micro-hardness of K4169 alloy specimens were characterized by roughness tester, X-ray diffraction（XRD）stress tester and micro-hardness tester. The results indicate that median fatigue lives of the specimens increased by 10.2-43.9 times after SP treatments compared with untreated specimens. Furthermore, the number of fatigue source decreased to only one and the site of fatigue source transferred from the surface to the subsurface. The harden layer with the depth of 0.10-0.32 mm and the surface residual stress of −941-−1023 MPa are obtained. The depth of harden layer increased with the increasing of peening intensity. The grooves obtained from the grinding disappeared and the surface stress concentration intensity decreased largely after SP. The improvement of fatigue life is mainly ascribed to the enhancement of surface integrity induced by SP.