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Objective To explore the role of the exemplary demonstration course “Basic Neurosurgery Operations and Surgical Approaches” in improving the teaching quality of standardized training of neurosurgery. Methods A total of 42 graduate students who participated in the course from September 2021 to December 2023 were selected, matched 1:1 with their counterparts who did not participate in the course. All trainees were required to complete a same questionnaire survey. The basic data, questionnaire scores of the two groups were compared, and statistical descriptions of the satisfaction and course evaluation of the participating students were performed. Statistical tests including t-test, Mann-Whitney test, Dunn′s multiple comparison tests and Chi-square test were applied using Graphpad Prism 10.0. Results There were no significant differences in educational background and age distribution between the two groups indicating comparability. The questionnaire scores of the students who participated in the course[7.0(6.0-9.0) points] were significantly higher than those of the students who did not participate in the course[3.5(2.0-5.0) points] (P＜0.000 1). This score advantage applied to students who participated in the course in the school year from 2021 to 2023, and there was no statistical difference in questionnaire scores among students who participated in the course across the three years. Additionally, 88.1% of the students who participated in the course expressed a high satisfaction and 90.5% of them considered the course was very practical for training of clinical skills. Conclusions The exemplary demonstration course “Basic Neurosurgery Operations and Surgical Approaches”may improve learning outcomes of surgical approaches and support the clinical training of neurosurgery graduates.

There has been a longstanding debate on whether plutonic and subvolcanic rocks have a petrogenetic connection, and the Jurassic Shuikoushan caldera complex in South China serves as an ideal case study for unraveling this geological puzzle. SIMS U–Pb dating of zircon indicates the formation age of plutonic (granodiorite) and subvolcanic rocks (dacite porphyry and rhyolite porphyry) from the Shuikoushan caldera complex at ca.159 Ma. In terms of geochemical composition, granodiorite and dacite porphyry exhibit higher levels of MgO (1.98–3.63%), MnO (0.07–0.11%), FeOt (5.12–6.15%), Sr (342–547 ppm), and Ba (754–1200 ppm) compared to the rhyolite porphyry. Conversely, they show lower concentrations of Rb (2.04–27.1 ppm), as well as lower ratios of Rb/Sr (0.004–0.055) and Rb/Ba (0.004–0.023). The distinct but complementary geochemical characteristics between these rock types are evident in the Shuikoushan caldera complex. Overall, zircon grains from all three rock types exhibit similar negative ε Hf(t) values (–8.1 to –12.4) with high δ 18O values (8.3–9.7‰), suggesting a common source region. Based on lithological and geochemical evidence, it is proposed that the rhyolite porphyry represents extracted melt from the mush reservoir. In contrast, the granodiorite and dacite porphyry are residual melts enriched in cumulates. This interpretation supports the idea that crystal–melt segregation processes were crucial in connecting the late Jurassic subvolcanic and plutonic rocks within the Shuikoushan complex.

The microrheological characteristics and stability of set yogurt made from camel and cow milks during fermentation were analyzed by multi-frequency diffusion wave spectroscopy and multi-light scattering spectroscopy, respectively, and their titratable acidity, viable bacterial count, viscosity, water-holding capacity and texture indexes were determined. The results showed that it took 9.5 h for camel milk and 6.5 h for cow milk to reach the end point of fermentation. The results of microrheological analysis showed that as a fluid with low viscoelasticity, fermented camel milk had lower elasticity index (EI) and macroscopic viscosity index (MVI) but higher flow factor (FF) and solid-liquid balance (SLB) values than fermented cow milk. The results of multiple light scattering spectroscopy showed that fermented cow milk was more stable than fermented camel milk during fermentation, while the opposite was true during storage, indicating that the internal structure of fermented camel milk, with higher stability, was more compact. During storage, the titratable acidity of fermented camel milk was lower than that of fermented cow milk, and the numbers of viable bacteria in both of them were more than 1 × 107 CFU/mL, a significant difference being observed between them (P < 0.05), and the water-holding capacity of fermented camel milk was higher than that of fermented cow milk. Texture analysis showed that the hardness, consistency and viscosity index of fermented cow milk were all significantly higher than those of fermented camel milk (P < 0.05). In summary, it is not easy for camel milk to form a gel structure after fermentation, but because of the tight internal structure, fermented camel milk is stable, which is more favorable for product storage. In contrast, it is easier for cow milk to form a thick and dense texture after fermentation. This study provides a theoretical basis for the practical application and promotion of fermented camel milk, and provides ideas for the diversified development of fermented non-bovine milks.

The stiffness and damping characteristics of the diaphragm coupling are the basis for analyzing the vibration characteristics of the shafting system with the diaphragm coupling. Based on Ansys finite element simulation software, considering contact nonlinearity and large deformation effects, this study simulates and analyzes the torsional, axial, angular and radial static stiffness characteristics and torsional and axial dynamic characteristics of the diaphragm coupling, and analyzes the influence of the diaphragm structure parameters such as the diameter of the bolt hole distribution circle, the diameter of the bolt hole, the minimum width of the diaphragm and the thickness of the diaphragm on the static stiffness. Finally, static, dynamic torsion and axial tension tests are carried out to verify the correctness of the simulation results. The results show that the diameter of the bolt hole distribution circle and the thickness of the diaphragm have a greater influence on the anisotropic stiffness of the diaphragm. The dynamic model of the diaphragm coupling can be better established through the quasi elliptic function. The nonlinear stiffness and the equivalent damping coefficient changes in a period of the diaphragm vibration can be obtained.

【Objective】 SWAT is a model widely used to simulate various processes including hydrological processes and crop growth at various scales. This paper reviews its application and development from 1994 to 2022. 【Method】 The analysis is based on published papers that have been indexed by the Web of Science (WOS). Three bibliometric tools, VOSviewer, CiteSpace and Biblioshiny were used in econometric analysis of the literature. The levels of attention, knowledge and research frontiers in SWAT application and development were analyzed based on the number of published papers, publishing journals, affiliated institutions, paper citation, keywords and research topics. 【Result】 ① A total of 3 496 papers related to SWAT were published from 1994 to 2022. After 2006, the number of published papers involving SWAT increased rapidly. Since 2008, the number of SWAT papers published by Chinese researchers has grown rapidly, surpassing the United States in 2019 and becoming the lead country in publishing SWAT papers. ② The journals that publish SWAT papers most are "Journal of Hydrology", "Hydrological Processes " and “Water". Non-Chinese authors who published most SWAT papers are Srinivasan R and Arnold J, both from the United States. Chinese authors who published most SWAT papers are Shen Zhenyao, Chen Lei and Ouyang Wei. ③ Beijing Normal University, the University of Texas, the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hohai University, Wuhan University are the institutions that contributed most SWAT papers. Cooperation between countries and research institutions has promoted globalization and development of SWAT. ④ The application of SWAT is mainly in water resources, environmental science, and ecology. ⑤ The hotspots in SWAT are runoff simulation, assessment of the impact of land use and climate change on hydrological processes, soil erosion, pollution load. 【Conclusion】 SWAT has been widely used in different areas but its practical application still has some challenges. These include parameter calibrations and the associated uncertainties, model construction for different watersheds as well as the influence of different factors, impact of climate change and human activities.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of allergen labeling in prepackaged food products in China.MethodsA total of 986 prepackaged foods in 18 categories were from 26 provinces （autonomous regions， centrally administered municipalities） randomly selected from the nationwide market. The labeling type and accuracy were analyzed by collecting allergen labeling information and detecting allergens using ELISA.ResultsThe overall allergen labeling rate was 44.7% （441/986）. Except for eight types of allergens， sesame had the highest prevalence （20.6%； 91/441）. Primary allergens were present in 61.9% （273/441） of samples. Most allergens were labeled below the ingredient list （76.4%， 337/441） and almost all allergens were not highlighted （93.4%， 412/441）. Approximately 80.3% （290/361） of surveyed samples accurately used “milk” allergen labeling， with 13.0% （47/361） of surveyed samples containing hidden allergens. Moreover， 6.6% （24/361） of surveyed samples showed allergen over-labeling.ConclusionThe overall labeling of allergens in prepackaged food in China met the standard requirements. However， certain risks of hidden allergens and low accuracy of precautionary labeling were observed in certain products.

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a chemiluminescence phenomenon triggered by electrochemical techniques. It has the advantages of near-zero background, high sensitivity, wide detection range, and good controllability, which has been widely commercialized in the field of in vitro diagnosis. Therefore, ECL has become one of the current research hotspots in the fields of food safety and environmental monitoring. This article summarizes the mechanism and system composition of ECL, and focuses on the application of ECL combined with immunoassay, and aptamer or molecular imprinting technology in the detection of mycotoxins. Finally, the major problems and challenges in the application of ECL in food safety detection are proposed and analyzed.

Objective： This study aimed to develop a new type of sponge cake with glutinous rice flavor. Methods： To investigate the impact of different glutinous rice flour substitutions in the prepared baking flour on the rheological properties, density of batter, specific volume, baking loss rate, sensory evaluation and pore size distribution of cake were investigated. Also, the texture analysis, moisture distribution, starch ordered structure and crystallinity of cake after 7 days of storage were meaured. Results： With the increasing substitution of glutinous rice flour, the batter density reduced, improving the specific volume and the pore size distribution. Effectively delaying the retrogradation of cake is possible with high glutinous rice flour substitution (75%~100%). When the glutinous rice flour mass fraction is 75%, the cake tastes best and has the best degree of general preference. Conclusion： The mass fraction of glutinous rice flour 75%~100% is more suitable, and the addition of glutinous rice flour gives better quality to sponge cake, which can have important guiding significance for the development of pure glutinous rice flour gluten-free products.

Objective To compare the preparation efficiency of mouse pox and mouse hepatitis antibodies between two substrains of BALB/c and Big-BALB/c (B-BALB/c) mice, and to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the selection of laboratory animals in the preparation of monoclonal antibodies induced in vivo through hybridoma. Methods Individuals weighing more than 5% of the weight of normal animals at 4 weeks of age (the criterion for late selection is more than 10%) were selected from a population of conventionally bred BALB/c mice and bred individually, and a subline of B-BALB/c mice was prepared after 10 generations of selection. A total of 40 BALB/c mice and 40 B-BALB/c mice aged 10 to 11 weeks, half male and half female, were selected and inoculated with the mousepox monoclonal antibody hybridoma cell line G23 or the murine hepatitis monoclonal antibody hybridoma cell line Y15 pre-treated with liquid paraffin, respectively. Mice ascites containing monoclonal antibodies were obtained by in vivo induction. The antibody titer was tested by indirect ELISA. The mice were grouped based on the sub-strains, gender and inoculation type of hybridoma to analyze the ascites production, antibody titer and antibody production, and to evaluate the antibody preparation efficiency of the two BALB/c mouse sub-strains. Results After 10 generations of breeding, the body weight of 10-week-old male and female B-BALB/c mice increased by 22.3% and 12.8%, respectively, compared with BALB/c mice of the same age. Compared with BALB/c mice, B-BALB/c mice had better tolerance and adaptation to secondary ascites collection. Compared with BALB/c mice, the ascites production and antibody titer during the preparation of antibodies in B-BALB/c mice were significantly increased, especially in the hybridoma cell line G23 vaccination group (both P＜0.000 1) . After inoculation with the hybridoma cell lines G23 or Y15, the average antibody production of B-BALB/c mice (14.99×104 U and 33.22×104 U) was higher than that of BALB/c mice (5.33×104 U and 19.31×104 U) (both P＜0.01). After inoculation with hybridoma cell line G23, the average antibody production per unit body weight of B-BALB/c mice (0.55×104 U/g) was higher than that of BALB/c mice (0.23×104 U/g) (P＜0.000 1). And the antibody production per unit body weight of female B-BALB/c or BALB/c mice was higher than that of male B-BALB/c or BALB/c mice (both P＜0.01). Conclusion B-BALB/c mice can be used as an alternative to BALB/c mice in the in vivo induction of monoclonal antibody preparation, which can achieve the purpose of reducing the number of experimental animals used, lowering the labor cost, and improving the efficiency of antibody preparation.

Existing studies have proved that microglia plays an important role in the occurrence and development of epilepsy, which shows that activated microglia can release inflammatory factors, mediate cell phagocytosis and apoptosis, and affect the activity and number of neurons, so as to promote recurrent and persistent seizures. This article reviews the signal pathways mediated by microglia related to epilepsy and sort out the role of microglia molecular mechanism in the occurrence and development of epilepsy.

ABSTRACTMelicope pteleifolia is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant that is thought to be developed as a biological insecticide. In this work, essential oils (EOs) of M. pteleifolia (collected in 2021 and 2022) over different extraction time (1 h, 2 h, 5 h) were investigated for their chemical composition and insecticidal activities. The EOs extracted from fresh leaves in 2021 were named A1h, A2h and A5h, and extracted from fresh leaves in 2022 were named B1h, B2h and B5h. The chemical components of EOs were analyzed by GC-MS. α-Thujene is the common primary compound of the EOs A1h, A2h and A5h, which contained 83.27%, 63.86% and 25.17%, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that sesquiterpenes were the primary representative components in EOs. The EOs that were extracted for 5 h were significantly different from other EOs. Moreover, the EOs and α-thujene showed obvious contact and repellent activities against Lasioderma serricorne and Liposcelis bostrychophila. The gray correlation degree explained that EOs A2h and A5h had the strongest repellency against L. serricorne, while EOs A1h and B1h had the most significant repellent effect on L. bostrychophila, with coefficients above 0.50. The comprehensive score of weighting coefficient revealed that the scores of EOs A1h and A5h were the highest and both reached 0.80. In general, M. pteleifolia have the potential to be exploited as biological insecticide.

The uplift of the Tibetan Plateau is one of the most important geological events in the Cenozoic era, which has had a far-reaching impact on climate change in neighboring regions and even the world. Scholars have already considered that the uplift of this period has a good coupling with the warm and cold climate changes. The Beilianchi section is west of Liupan Mountain, the back edge of the arcuate tectonic belt on the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The Paleocene Qingshuiying Formation is mainly a set of shallow lacustrine deposits dominated by purple-red mudstone with thin gypsum layers containing rich paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic information. The article systematically studied the palynological assemblage of the Beilianchi section and identified 60 genera and 65 species of sporopollen types as well as several undetermined species. The assemblage is characterized by dominant angiosperm pollen grains and rare gymnosperm pollen and fern spores. Based on the existing research results of regional sporopollen, the geologic age of the Qingshuiying Formation is believed to be the middle-late Oligocene–early Miocene. The sporopollen flora is dominated by deciduous broad-leaved plants such as Betulaceae, Juglandaceae, and Ulmaceae, and pollens from a few but diverse tropical-subtropical plants also occur in the assemblage. In contrast, the pollen content of typical arid shrubs and herbaceous plants is small, generally reflecting the warm-temperate zone's milder and wetter paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic background. The absence of pollen from cold-tolerant mountain conifers in the palynological assemblage indicates that the regional climatic environment had not yet changed from warm to cold during this period and that the uplift and expansion of the Tibetan Plateau to the northeast had not yet affected the Liupanshan area. The results of this study provide new evidence to constrain the depositional age of the Qingshuiying Formation on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and the impact of the uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau on the paleoecology and paleoclimate of the region.

Objective To investigate the effect of root canal therapy (RCT) on inflammatory cytokines level in peripheral blood, anxiety, and depression in patients with pulpitis. Methods A total of 155 patients with pulpitis admitted to the Stomatology Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University from June 2021 to June 2022 were treated with root canal therapy. Another 155 persons who received health examinations during the same period were selected as the control group. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores of the two groups were compared. The GAD-7, PHQ-9 and pain scores of the test group before treatment and 3 and 6 weeks after treatment were compared. Pain was assessed with a visual analog scale (VAS). Inflammatory cytokine [interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), c-reactive protein (CRP)] levels in the test group before treatment and 3 and 6 weeks after treatment were compared. Results The GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores in the test group were higher than those in the control group before treatment (P0.05). The pain scores of the experimental group at 3 and 6 weeks after treatment were lower than those before treatment (P0.05). Conclusion The peripheral blood of patients with pulpitis has a high level of inflammatory cytokines, and the patients suffer from obvious anxiety and depression. Root canal therapy can relieve their anxiety and depression by reducing their level of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood.

Background During the containment of COVID-19, the traditional face-to-face interventions conducted at the rehabilitation center were plagued by many limitations, while internet-based interventions can overcome the limitations of geographic location, working hours and transportation, with less medical costs. Objective To examine the effects of internet-based interventions on knowledge, attitude/belief and practice (KAP) toward rehabilitation exercises, physical activity (PA) level, and exercise compliance inpatients after PCI. Methods The subjects were 76 patients who received their first PCI in Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital from November 2021 to June 2022. They were randomly and equally divided into two groups to receive either internet-based intervention with routine nursing (experimental group) or routine nursing (control group) . Before and three months after the intervention, the Rehabilitation Exercise Knowledge-Belief-Practice Scale for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease (REKBPCHD) , the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) , and Patients' Exercise Log were used to assess the KAP level, PA level, and exercise adherence, respectively. The impact of network intervention on exercise adherence in patients after PCI by univariate Logistic regression analysis. Results After 3 months of intervention, a significant increase was found in the average total score of REKBPCHD, and the average scores of the knowledge dimension, attitude dimension and practice dimension of the scale in the experimental group (P

To further explore the evaluation model of the quality of college students working in vocational colleges, this paper proposes to establish an evaluation index system for the quality of college students working in vocational colleges according to the four main factors of the domestic vocational college, which is based on the analysis of the quality. the work of the party building, the quality and responsibility of the party members, and the mass examination; In the process of evaluating the quality of college students’ dormitory building, various useful and useful information were determined, and the evaluation model was established by using the analytic hierarchy process, and the weight coefficients of various influential factors were determined by the combined method. First of all, according to the characteristics and requirements of the student’s institution, combined with the system of employment management widely used in China, combined with the practice of students’ institution, thoroughly analyzed various factors which affect the quality of the student’s institution building, and establish a more effective and objective evaluation index system. Secondly, using the analytic hierarchy process to scientifically classify the indicators, and determine the evaluation factor set and evaluation criteria, establish a hierarchical structure model. Finally, combined with the hierarchical structure model, the relative weight of each evaluation factor is given using the principle of fuzzy mathematics.

For exploring the superposition-promotion effects of Cr and Ni contents on the structure and properties of low carbon alloy steel, the effects of Cr and Ni on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of low carbon alloy steel in the simulated seawater (3.5% NaCl solution) were investigated by SEM, XRD, hardness tests, electrochemical tests, immersion tests and XPS analysis. Results showed that simultaneously increasing the content of Cr and Ni could significantly promote the formation of more fine sized carbides Cr3C2 in steel, which further promoted the decrease of the grain size, the refinement of the martensite and the increase of the hardness. Simultaneously increasing the content of Cr and Ni in steel improved the thermodynamic stability, kinetic stability, and resistance to corrosion damage in the simulated seawater environment more than increasing the Cr or Ni content alone. Moreover, the increase of Cr in the steel could increase the proportion of NiFe2O4 and FeO in the corrosion products, the increase of Ni could increase the proportion of FeCr2O4 and FeO in corrosion products, simultaneously increasing the Cr and Ni content in steel has a higher promotion effect on increasing the percentage of NiFe2O4, FeCr2O4 and FeO, etc. than increasing the Cr or Ni content alone. Besides, the more NiFe2O4, FeCr2O4 and FeO, the higher the densification of corrosion products, the better the protection for the substrate, and the higher the corrosion resistance of the steel. Therefore, simultaneously increasing the content of Cr and Ni had superposition-promotion effects on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of low carbon alloy steel.

Public goods for the global ocean sustainable development (GOSD) are key to promoting the sustainable development of oceans globally. To understand the utilization and protection status of global ocean resources as well as the international cooperation and trend regarding GOSD, this study summarizes the current status and development trends of the GOSD public goods in China and abroad, analyzes the major scientific and technological problems and challenges faced by China in related fields, and proposes the development priorities of the GOSD public goods in terms of engineering technologies. Furthermore, it proposes that China should boost its comprehensive strength in ocean science and technology by establishing an effective mechanism for ocean observation and data sharing and enhance international cooperation and strategic planning to promote its international influence in the field of GOSD public goods.

This article discusses the existence of positive solutions for the system of second-order ordinary differential equation boundary value problems −u″(t)=f(t,u(t),v(t),u′(t)),t∈[0,1],−v″(t)=g(t,u(t),v(t),v′(t)),t∈[0,1],u(0)=u(1)=0,v(0)=v(1)=0,\left\{\begin{array}{l}-{u}^{^{\prime\prime} }\left(t)=f\left(t,u\left(t),v\left(t),u^{\prime} \left(t)),\hspace{1em}t\in \left[0,1],\\ -{v}^{^{\prime\prime} }\left(t)=g\left(t,u\left(t),v\left(t),v^{\prime} \left(t)),\hspace{1em}t\in \left[0,1],\\ u\left(0)=u\left(1)=0,\hspace{1em}v\left(0)=v\left(1)=0,\end{array}\right. where f,g:[0,1]×R+×R+×R→R+f,g:\left[0,1]\times {{\mathbb{R}}}^{+}\times {{\mathbb{R}}}^{+}\times {\mathbb{R}}\to {{\mathbb{R}}}^{+} are continuous. Under the related conditions that the nonlinear terms f(t,x,y,p)f\left(t,x,y,p) and g(t,x,y,q)g\left(t,x,y,q) may be super-linear growth or sub-linear growth on x,y,px,y,p, and qq, we obtain the existence results of positive solutions. For the super-linear growth case, the Nagumo condition (F3)\left(F3) is presented to restrict the growth of f(t,x,y,p)f\left(t,x,y,p) and g(t,x,y,q)g\left(t,x,y,q) on pp and qq. The super-linear growth or sub-linear growth of the nonlinear terms ff and gg is described by related inequality conditions instead of the usual independent inequality conditions about ff and gg. The discussion is based on the fixed point index theory in cones.

As an important power equipment indispensable to the normal operation of the power grid, the good or bad working condition of the current transformer directly affects the operational efficiency of the whole power grid. In this paper, an online monitoring platform based on big data technology has been developed to monitor the current status of transformers. First of all, for the temperature of the transformer, through the decoupling of the heat generation mode of the transformer, the state monitoring method based on fiber optic temperature measurement technology and optical multiplexing technology is proposed, and the overall scheme of transformer state monitoring is designed. The data signal of the transformer’s status is collected and processed, and a fault state diagnosis model is constructed based on the decision tree algorithm. Finally, according to the data requirements of the current transformer, an online monitoring platform for transformer status has been constructed using big data technology. Through the simulation test, the variation of ratio error of this paper’s monitoring method is less than 0.60%, and the variation of phase error is less than 0.75 percent, which is in line with international requirements. The average loading time of the monitoring platform is between 123.591s~143.911s, the average loading speed is less than 13s, the average throughput is between 241ops/sec ~257ops/sec, and the average latency of the read and upload operations is 24.225ms. The current transformer condition monitoring platform in this paper has good stability, the overall performance is excellent, and it provides a good solution for the research of the current transformer condition monitoring platform provides practical support for the research of current transformer condition monitoring platform.

Specialized terms are often longer words in medical English, and how to improve the effective memorization of specialized terms has become a research hotspot in medical English learning. The article proposes a method for creating a semantic network model for medical English terms using CRFs and the ATT-BiLSTM model. Firstly, on the basis of combing the characteristics and methods of medical English terminology composition, the CRF model is introduced to recognize the named entities of medical English terms and combined with the Viterbi decoding algorithm to obtain the lexical annotation result sequence of medical English terms. Secondly, an entity-relationship extraction model for medical English terms is established by combining the attention mechanism with the BiLSTM model, and ELMo vectors are added to improve the extraction efficiency of medical English terms. Finally, a semantic network model of medical English terms was constructed based on the Neo4j database by combining the named entity recognition and entity relationship extraction model, and the semantic network analysis was carried out by the semantic similarity algorithm based on information content. The results show that the CRFs model only needs a 14.2MB training corpus to co-represent the contextual information of medical English terms, and its F1 value is maximally improved by 10.22% on average after adding ELMo vectors to the ATT-BiLSTM model. The mean semantic similarity of medical English terms in the semantic network model is 1.391, and the result of the semantic similarity assessment is 0.803. Relying on the semantic network model can help learners understand the differences between medical English terms, find more similar terms to elucidate the standard terminology, and improve learners’ comprehension of medical English terms.

To further explore the impact of nutrient fortification on the ovarian secondary development of redclaw crayfish, four groups were set up: group ①, no feeding; group ②, formulated feeding; groups ③ and ④, formulated feed + nutrient bait. Results showed (1) the proportions of egg-bearing shrimp in groups ③ and ④. 2) The weight growth rate of group ① was the lowest, the maturation coefficient of unripe shrimp in group ④ was the highest, and the egg-holding rates in groups ③ and ④ were significantly higher than those of group ①. The hatching and survival rates of yellow eggs in group ④ were significantly higher than those in group ②. The hatching and survival rates of red eggs in groups ③ and ④ were significantly higher than those in group ①. (3) The weight gain rate of juveniles in group ④ was significantly higher than those of group ①. (4) Genes and proteins related to ovarian development were screened. In summary, group ④ had a higher proportion of egg-holding shrimp, faster ovarian development, and a higher maturity coefficient. The hatching and survival rates of eggs, and the survival and weight gain rates of the offspring were also high.

Electric power is vital for the national security, economy, and people’s livelihood of a country. Ensuring the stable and secure supply of electric power is crucial for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Therefore, it is imperative to analyze the weaknesses and challenges of power supply security in China and construct a power supply guarantee system that adapts to the new era and facilitate high-quality economic development. Herein, the research progress of power security supply is reviewed, the current status of power supply in China is summarized, and the trend in power security supply in China during the 14th Five-Year period and for the medium and long terms is analyzed. Moreover, considering the recent power rationing incidents, the problems and challenges for power supply in China are summarized and analyzed. On this basis, the basic principles of adhering to security first, a low-carbon path, market-oriented reforms, and technological innovations are proposed, and a three-step roadmap for constructing a new power supply guarantee system is investigated. Furthermore, we propose the following suggestions: (1) enhancing China’s power supply guarantee capabilities to solidify its foundation for power supply security; (2) improving the intrinsic security of power supply by focusing on the demand side; (3) establishing a new-generation technical system for guaranteeing power supply security; and (4) optimizing the market system to construct a power security ecology participated by all.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of aspiration in neurocritical care patients with enteral nutrition, and to provide a reference for formulating strategies to prevent the incidence of aspiration. Methods From July 2020 to July 2021, 527 neurocritical care patients with enteral nutrition in a tertiary hospital in Jiangxi Province were selected, and they were divided into aspiration group and non-aspiration group according to whether aspiration occurred. The univariate and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze risk factors of aspiration. Results Totally 105 patients were included in the aspiration group and 422 patients in the non-aspiration group. The results of logistic regression showed that aspiration history (OR= 28. 122), sedative hypnotics (OR= 3. 188), catheterization depth (OR=0. 853) and Glasgow Scale score (OR= 0. 671) were the influencing factors of aspiration in neurocritical care patients with enteral nutrition. Conclusion The influencing factors of aspiration in neurocritical patients with enteral nutrition are various and complex, nurses should pay more attention to the risk factors, and taking protective measures in time to reduce the incidence of aspiration. (目的 调查神经重症患者肠内营养误吸的影响因素, 为制定防误吸策略和降低患者误吸发生率提供参考依据。方法 2020年7月—2021年7月, 选取江西省某三甲医院采用肠内营养支持的神经重症患者527例, 根据是否发生误吸分为误吸组和非误吸组, 应用单因素与Logistic回归分析神经重症患者肠内营养误吸的危险性因素。结果 共纳入患者527例中误吸组105例, 非误吸组422例。Logistic回归结果显示误吸史(OR＝28. 122)、镇静催眠药(OR＝3. 188)、置管深度(OR=0. 853)、格拉斯哥昏迷评分(OR＝0. 671)是神经重症患者肠内营养误吸的影响因素。结论 神经重症患者肠内营养误吸的影响因素多而复杂, 护理人员需加强对误吸高危因素的识别与防护, 及时采取防护措施, 降低误吸发生率。)

BACKGROUND The compositions of the bulk-rocks are commonly modified by hydrothermal alteration or merely represent the magmatic information of snapshot during evolution. Hence, use of the chemical compositions of bulk-rocks makes it difficult to trace the source and evolution of granitic magmas. The petrogenesis of the granitic rock is therefore difficult to decipher. In the face of these difficulties, an alternative new approach is to trace the magmatic source and evolution by in-situ analyzing elements and isotope compositions of accessory minerals in granitic rocks. This new approach can significantly improve the spatial resolution of the magmatic processes. Titanite (CaTiSiO5) is a common accessory mineral of granitic rocks and contains a large amount of elements, including Al, Fe, Nb, Ta, Zr, Cr, V, Sn in the Ti site, and rare earth elements (REEs) Y, Na, Mn, Pb, U, Th, Sr and Ba in the Ca site. REEs and high field strength elements (HFSEs, i.e., Nb, Ta, Zr, Th and U) in titanite are sensitive to the changes of temperature, pressure, oxygen fugacity (fO2), water fugacity and melt composition. Additionally, titanite has high Nd concentration and low Sm/Nd ratio and is suitable for in-situ Nd isotope analyses. Therefore, titanite is an ideal accessory mineral to be used to investigate the magmatic source and evolution of granitic rocks. OBJECTIVES To trace the magmatic source and evolution, and to decipher the petrogenesis of the granitic rock. METHODS Titanite from mafic microgranular enclave (MME) and hosted granodiorite of the Tongshanling granitic pluton were checked by transmission light and back-scattered electron (BSE). BSE images were performed at the Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IGCAS) in Guiyang, on carbon-coated, polished epoxy blocks using JSM-7800F field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) operated at 20kV accelerating voltage and a beam current of 10nA. Their in-situ major element compositions were analysed by electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) at IGCAS. An accelerating voltage of 25kV and a probe current of 10nA were applied. Well-characterized Kaersutite (Na, K, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Mn, and Fe), apatite (F), and rutile (Ti) were used as standards. The trace elements of titanite were analysed in-situ by an Agilent 7900 ICPMS equipped with GeoLasPro 193nm ArF laser ablation system (LA-ICP-MS) at IGCAS. Analytical conditions were as follows: a fluence of 5J/cm2, at a repetition rate of 5Hz and laser spot of 44μm. Ca (determined by EPMA) was chosen as the internal standard and the reference glasses NIST610 and NIST612 were used to calibrate relative element sensitivities. In-situ Nd isotope of titanite were analyzed by a Nu Plasma Ⅲ multi-collector (MC) equipped with RESOlution-155 ArF 193nm laser ablation system (LA-MC-ICP-MS) at IGCAS. Titanite was ablated in a mixture of helium (350mL/min) and nitrogen (2mL/min) atmosphere using the following parameters: 30s baseline time, 40s ablation time, 72μm spot size, 6Hz repetition rate and 6J/cm2 energy density. The interference of 144Sm on 144Nd was derived from the 147Sm intensity with a natural 144Sm/147Sm ratio of 0.205484. The mass bias factor of Sm was calculated from the measured isotopic ratio of 144Sm/149Sm and its true value 1.08680. The mass bias of 143Nd/144Nd was normalized to 146Nd/144Nd=0.7129 with an exponential law. The reference materials MAD, Otter Lake, LAP and SAP were chosen as the external standards. RESULTS Titanite grains in the MME, and host granodiorite of the Tongshanling granitic pluton have similar major element compositions. All titanite are characterized by high SiO2 (31.0% to 31.7%), CaO (29.0%-30.0%), TiO2 (30.6%-38.2%), and low Al2O3 (1.81%-5.61%), FeO (0.184%-0.606%), F (0.48%-1.84%) contents. The MnO concentrations vary between 0.024% and 0.066%. The MgO concentrations range from 0.001% to 0.031%. Compositional zoning among single titanite grains were not observed. The crystallo-chemical formulae were calculated on the basis of 5 oxygen atoms. The calculated results indicate that the Al+Fe (apfu) is negatively correlated with Ti (apfu) in all titanite grains. The analysed titanite grains have high rare earth element (REE) contents (67-1498μg/g). The REE were incorporated into titanite lattice by substituting for Ti and Ca site with Al and Fe and the substituted mechanism is (Al, Fe3+)+REE=Ti4++O2-. On the REE patterns, the titanite from granodiorite has REE contents higher than that from MME and shows weak positive or negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu* from 0.62 to 1.39). On the contrary, titanite from MME is characterized by Eu positive anomaly (Eu/Eu* from 1.13 to 3.94). These titanite contain high content of HFSEs such as Zr (11.1-536μg/g), Hf (0.639-21μg/g), Nb (306-1489μg/g) and Ta (24.7-109.5μg/g). The variation of Zr/Hf, Nb/Ta and Y/Ho ratios of titanite grains range from 21.0 to 31.5, 10.4 to 13.9 and 27.4 to 35.0, respectively. These trace element ratios are consistent with those of normal crust and are not fractionated. Therefore, the trace elements of titanite were completely controlled by ion radius and charge and not affected by late hydrothermal alteration. Titanite Zr thermometer shows that the temperature of titanite formation is between 762℃ and 963℃. Titanite from MME has homogenous Nd isotope compositions. Their present 144Nd/143Nd ranges from 0.512321 to 0.512675, corresponding to εNd(t) value from -3.5 to -8.9 with an average of -7.2±2.4 (N=6). Titanite from granodiorite overall have 144Nd/143Nd ratio ranging from 0.512269 to 0.513399. Their time-corrected initial εNd(t) value vary between -5.4 and -9.9 with an average of -6.9±2.4 (N=5). All titanite grains have negative initial Nd isotopic compositions, which is consistent with the evolution trend of Nd isotopes of the middle-lower continental crust of South China. CONCLUSIONS Titanite grains in the MME and host granodiorite of the Tongshanling granitic pluton show little or no intra-grain concentric zoning in BSE images and display similar element and isotopic geochemical characteristics. Crystal chemical exerts a first-order control on elemental compositions of titanite. Titanite survived during hydrothermal alteration and faithfully recorded the information of granitic melts. The granitic melts of the Tongshanling are characterized by high temperature and oxygen fugacity. Granodiorites from the Tongshanling pluton were probably formed by the amphibole-dehydration melting of a mafic source in the middle-lower crust beneath South China.

The article addresses the three-dimensional (3D) underwater path planning problem of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in a time-varying current. A modified artificial potential field algorithm combining the velocity vector synthesis method is proposed to search for the optimal path. The modified potential field (MPF) algorithm is designed to dynamically plan the non-collision path. Meanwhile, this modified method is also proved to be an effective solution to the goals not reachable with obstacles nearby (GNRON), U-shaped trap, and rotation unreachable problems. To offset the influence of time-varying current, the velocity synthesis approach is designed to adjust the AUV movement direction. Besides, considering path planning in the complex underwater environment, the multi-beam forward-looking sonar (FLS) model is used. Finally, simulation studies substantiate that the designed algorithm can implement the AUV path planning effectively and successfully in a 3D underwater environment.

Soil microorganisms play important roles in nitrogen transformation. The aim of this study was to characterize changes in the activity of nitrogen transformation enzymes and the abundance of nitrogen function genes in rhizosphere soil aerated using three different methods (continuous flooding (CF), continuous flooding and aeration (CFA), and alternate wetting and drying (AWD)). The abundances of amoA ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nirS, nirK, and nifH genes, and the activities of urease, protease, ammonia oxidase, nitrate reductase, and nitrite reductase were measured at the tillering (S1), heading (S2), and ripening (S3) stages. We analyzed the relationships of the aforementioned microbial activity indices, in addition to soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and soil microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), with the concentration of soil nitrate and ammonium nitrogen. The abundance of nitrogen function genes and the activities of nitrogen invertase in rice rhizosphere soil were higher at S2 compared with S1 and S3 in all treatments. AWD and CFA increased the abundance of amoA and nifH genes, and the activities of urease, protease, and ammonia oxidase, and decreased the abundance of nirS and nirK genes and the activities of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase, with the effect of AWD being particularly strong. During the entire growth period, the mean abundances of the AOA amoA, AOB amoA, and nifH genes were 2.9, 5.8, and 3.0 higher in the AWD treatment than in the CF treatment, respectively, and the activities of urease, protease, and ammonia oxidase were 1.1, 0.5, and 0.7 higher in the AWD treatment than in the CF treatment, respectively. The abundances of the nirS and nirK genes, and the activities of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase were 73.6, 84.8, 10.3 and 36.5% lower in the AWD treatment than in the CF treatment, respectively. The abundances of the AOA amoA, AOB amoA, and nifH genes were significantly and positively correlated with the activities of urease, protease, and ammonia oxidase, and the abundances of the nirS and nirK genes were significantly positively correlated with the activities of nitrate reductase. All the above indicators were positively correlated with soil MBC and MBN. In sum, microbial activity related to nitrogen transformation in rice rhizosphere soil was highest at S2. Aeration can effectively increase the activity of most nitrogen-converting microorganisms and MBN, and thus promote soil nitrogen transformation.

In view of the problems of great difficulty, high cost and low reliability in obtaining the operation data on the key state variables of production system in offshore natural gas fields, research on soft sensing was carried out, and a dynamic data-driven estimation model of flow and pressure was established, providing the central controllers an online monitoring tool for safety analysis of the system. Combining the dynamic and static samples, a Dense Neural Network model library of Nonlinear Auto-Regressive with Exogenous Inputs(DNN-NARX model), comprising the black box and grey box, was established with the black-box identification technique based on deep learning, as well as the parameter correction technique based on transfer learning, approximately describing the dynamic flowing characteristics of gas production well, so as to estimate the single well flow and wellhead pressure. The simulation results of the dynamic DNN-NARX black-box and grey-box model, the DNN-NARX model and the traditional Multiple-Layer Perception-NARX model(MLP-NARX model)were compared by examples of calculation. The results indicate that both of the accuracy and calculation time of DNNNARX model and MLP-NARX model satisfy the requirements of online estimation. Therein, the dynamic DNN-NARX grey-box model shows the remarkable advantages of higher immunity from interference and generalization capability. Thus,the proposed model has high engineering applicability, providing good referential significance to the soft sensing problems in the field of offshore oil and gas production.

Objective To recommend strategies to strengthen management and supervision by leaders in research institute through investigating and understanding the current situation analyzing the challenges and barriers from the view angle of Organization Department. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was conducted to investigate the current situation, the challenges, the objects and methods, problems and strengthening strategy of management and supervision for team of leadership in the institute. The staff of research institutes engaged in the management and supervision of leading cadres were interviewed. Results There were 69.61% of the respondents considered that “scientific performance and fair assessment and evaluation of leader personel ” was the difficulty of management and supervision and 75.69% of the respondents considered that “strengthening the routine management and supervision of leading team members and implementing the supervision rules and regulations strictly” was the focus of management and supervision. The results also showed that 70.72% of the respondents considered that “superior supervision” was the most direct and effective supervision and 90.61% of the respondents considered that the “top leaders of the party and government” was the key objects of management and supervision. Conclusions Strengthening the management and supervision of leading team members of scientific research institutes will be implemented by establishing and perfecting the management and supervision system, strengthening the education and training of, clarifying the key management and supervision objects and innovative management / supervision methods.

Objective： Improve the dynamic performance of palletizing robot and reduce energy consumption. Methods： By static and dynamic analysis to determine to use minimal mass, maximizing the first natural frequency, minimizing the maximal stress and minimizing the maximal deformation as the optimization objectives, taking the structure parameters as design variables, the approximation models of objective functions and constraint functions were established by the Box-Behnken and the RSM. Based on the results of finite element analysis, an Analytic hierarchy process based on the results of finite element analysis was proposed. The process （AHP-FEA） was proposed to allocate the weight coefficients, and the comprehensive objective function was taken as the evaluation index. NSGA-II algorithm was used to solve the problem. The optimized model of the waist turntable was obtained based on AHP-FEA method, which was compared with the initial model. Results： The results showed that the mass of the waist turntable was reduced by 9.6% under the condition of ensuring the structural strength, stiffness and vibration stability. Conclusion： Compared with the common average allocation method and empirical weighting method, the comprehensive objective function value of optimization under the weight coefficient of AHP-FEA is the smallest, and its comprehensive optimization effect is better.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuity care on the postpartum management of pregnant women. Methods A total of 220 puerperal women admitted to our department from February to September 2020 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 110 patients in each group. The women from the control group received conventional care intervention, while those of the observation group received continuity of care based on the Mobile Health APP. Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale (BSES), Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), and postpartum quality of life questionnaire, and their satisfaction with nursing attitude, professionalism and communication skills were employed to survey the subjects, and the results were compared between the 2 groups. Results After nursing, the EPDS score was significantly lower, and that of BSES was obviously higher in the observation group than the control group (both P < 0.001). The observation group had notably higher scores of quality of life questionnaire, including child rearing, physical function, psychological function, and social support when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The patients in the observation group also obtained better satisfaction with nursing attitude, professionalism and communication than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Continuity care significantly improves the quality of postpartum management for women.

Objective To make pathogen spectrum analysis of donor human milk (DHM) in human milk bank and investigate the risk control in the operation of human milk bank. Methods Liquid hyperplasia culture was used for microbiological detection of DHM samples in the human milk bank of our hospital. A total of 1 601 DHM samples in the human milk bank of our hospital from December 2015 to December 2021 were selected. The samples were randomly divided into pre-pasteurization group (n=866) and post-pasteurization group (n=735). The results of microbiological detection of the 2 groups of samples were further analyzed with pathogen spectrum analysis. The results of environmental hygiene test for the human milk bank from 2015 to 2021 were selected and trend analysis was applied to analyze the effectiveness of environmental infection control. Results Before pasteurization, 74.36% of the DHM samples cultured with pathogens, and 25.64% of them were without pathogens. After pasteurization, 12.52% of the DHM samples had pathogens and 87.48% did not. The pathogen detection rate was significantly lower after pasteurization than before disinfection (P < 0.05); After disinfection, the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was decreased with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Two kinds of anaerobic bacteria were detected in the DHM samples after anaerobic and aerobic culture: Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium tertiary. The qualified rate of environmental hygiene monitoring was increased year by year in the human milk bank (P < 0.05). Conclusion Pasteurization can not completely kill the pathogen in the DHM samples. The microbiological detection of the DHM by liquid enrichment culture can improve the pathogen detection rate, and the standardized environmental cleaning and disinfection can improve the qualified rate of environmental health detection in the human milk bank. It is the key risk control point to guarantee the safe operation of the human milk bank.

In order to study the random evolution trend of miners adopting safe behavior strategies under the condition of limited number of miners. Based on evolutionary game theory, this paper constructs a Moran process-based safety behavior strategy game model, aiming to explore the favorable conditions for miners to adopt safety behavior strategies. The study found that the smaller the external random interference, the greater the net benefit of adopting a safe behavior strategy, the greater the supervision, the greater the risk cost, the smaller the net benefit of adopting an unsafe behavior strategy, and the smaller the psychological loss. The larger the fixed probability, the more effective the unsafe behavior will be. The research results are verified by numerical analysis, and corresponding management suggestions are proposed for the management and control of miners’ unsafe behavior.

To achieve green and environmentally friendly urban construction, it is proposed to study a key technology for the green transformation of existing residential buildings in densely populated urban areas. Firstly, using a time series autoregressive model, achieve energy consumption prediction for HVAC heating. Secondly, based on multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm, energy-saving control of HVAC systems was achieved. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed key technology was verified through experiments. The results of this article indicate that the green transformation of existing residential buildings in densely populated urban areas is necessary and feasible, and the application of key technologies can effectively reduce energy consumption and improve the quality of the living environment.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of progesterone affecting the contractions of uterine smooth muscle through RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Methods The tissues of uterine smooth muscle were collected from 5 cases in labor and another 5 of non-labor, respectively. The expression levels of phosphorylation of myosin light chain (p-MLC20), ROCK1 and ROCK2 were detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemical (IHC) assay. Uterine smooth muscle cells were isolated and cultured, and then identified by immunofluorescence assay. Laser confocal microscopy was used to measure the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in the cells. In addition, the uterine smooth muscle cells were treated with progesterone+progesterone receptor antagonist, mifepristone, and with progesterone+ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, respectively. Western blotting was performed to determine the expression of p-MLC20, ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the corresponding groups. Results As compared with the non-labor group, the expression of p-MLC20, ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the uterine smooth muscle tissues were significantly increased in the labor group (P < 0.05). Progesterone induced the elevation of p-MLC20, ROCK1 and ROCK2 levels in the cultured uterine smooth muscle cells (P < 0.05), while after the intervention of Y-27632+progesterone, the p-MLC20 level was greatly decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion Progesterone regulates p-MLC20 level through RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway and thus promotes the contractions of uterine smooth muscle cells.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most prevalent metabolic disorder all over the world, and lipid metabolic disorders and inflammation are closely associated and contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (Ch25h) and its product, 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC), play important roles in cholesterol homeostasis and inflammation, but whether Ch25h and 25-HC are involved in NAFLD remains uncertain. In this study, we use Ch25h knockout mice, hepatic cells and liver biopsies to explore the role of Ch25h and 25-HC in lipid metabolism and accumulation in liver, determine the molecular mechanism of lipid accumulation and inflammation influenced by Ch25h and 25-HC, and assess the regulatory effects of Ch25h and 25-HC on human NAFLD. Our results indicate that mice lacking Ch25h have normal cholesterol homeostasis with normal diet, but under the condition of high fat diet (HFD), the mice show higher total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum, and prone to hepatic steatosis. Ch25h deficiency reduces the cholesterol efflux regulated by liver X receptor α (LXRα), increases the synthesis of cholesterol mediated by sterol-regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2), and increases the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, therefore promotes hepatic steatosis. Collectively, our data suggest that Ch25h and 25-HC play important roles in lipid metabolism and inflammation, thereby exerting anti-NAFLD functions.

Objective To explore the importance and strategies of early diagnosis and treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in pregnancy. Methods Two cases of pregnancy complicated with TTP admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to July 2020 were recruited and retrospectively summarized. The characteristics of the disease, diagnosis and treatment process and prognosis were analyzed to summarize the importance and strategies of early diagnosis and treatment. Related literatures were reviewed. Results The initial symptoms were thrombocytopenia and anemia. Case 1 developed postpartum, and the diagnosis of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia was not timely confirmed by peripheral blood smear, and this resulted in delayed diagnosis, delayed plasma exchange and death of the patient. Case 2 developed in the middle of pregnancy. Broken red blood cells were found on peripheral blood smear in time, and TTP was thus diagnosed. Plasma exchange was performed immediately, and the patient was cured and discharged. There were totally 57 patients in literature review. The results suggested that TTP can occur in all stages of pregnancy, and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia can be the presumptive diagnosis of TTP. TTP triad (microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neurological symptoms) were observed in 26 cases (45.6%), of which 5 cases (19.2%) died; 7 cases (12.3%) were combined with pentad (triad+fever and renal dysfunction), including 4 died (57.1%). In the 36 cases tested for the activity of von Willebrand factor lyase, ADAMTS13, 28 cases (77.8%) had severely decreased activity (activity < 10%). The mortality rate in the plasma exchange group (6.8%, 3/44) was significantly lower than that in the group without plasma exchange (69.2%, 9/13, P < 0.05). Conclusion Peripheral blood smear is an important reference in the diagnosis of microangiopathic hemolysis, and the possibility of TTP should be highly vigilant for pregnant women with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, and plasma exchange as soon as possible after suspected TTP can significantly improve the prognosis of mothers and fetus.

Cryptotanshinone (CPT), a natural quinoid diterpene, isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has shown various pharmacological properties. However, its effect on chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced depression phenotypes and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether CPT could exert an antidepressant effect.

The effective utilization of solar energy for hydrogen production requires an abundant supply of thermodynamically active photo-electrons; however, the photocatalysts are generally impeded by insufficient light absorption and fast photocarrier recombination. Here, we report a multiple-regulated strategy to capture photons and boost photocarrier dynamics by developing a broadband photocatalyst composed of defect engineered g-C3N4 (DCN) and upconversion NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ (NYF) nanocrystals. Through a precise defect engineering, the S dopants and C vacancies jointly render DCN with defect states to effectively extend the visible light absorption to 590 nm and boost photocarrier separation via a moderate electron-trapping ability, thus facilitating the subsequent re-absorption and utilization of upconverted photons/electrons. Importantly, we found a promoted interfacial charge polarization between DCN and NYF has also been achieved mainly due to Y-N interaction, which further favors the upconverted excited energy transfer from NYF onto DCN as verified both theoretically and experimentally. With a 3D architecture, the NYF@DCN catalyst exhibits a superior solar H2 evolution rate among the reported upconversion-based system, which is 19.3 and 1.5 fold higher than bulk material and DCN, respectively. This work provides an innovative strategy to boost solar utilization by using defect engineering and building up interaction between hetero-materials.

Minimally invasive endodontics (MIE) can preserve dental tissue to a greater extent and improve the success rate of endodontics and has thus attracted increasing attention. 3D printing is a technology that is based on a digital model and uses powdered metal, plastic and other materials to construct objects by printing layer by layer. This article reviews the application of 3D printing technology in minimally invasive endodontics to provide a reference for the application of 3D printing technology in clinical minimally invasive endodontics in the future. In recent years, 3D printing technology has been widely used in various professional fields of stomatology, such as maxillofacial surgery, prosthodontics, and orthodontics. Using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and oral scanners to obtain accurate data on the internal and external structures of teeth combined with 3D printing to construct a tooth diagnostic model and pulp opening guide plate, we can accurately locate the position of the root canal and provide a new method for minimally invasive endodontics. At present, 3D printing technology is mainly used to guide the pulp opening pathway, assist in the minimally invasive treatment of malformed teeth and calcified root canals, and assist with apical surgery in the field of minimally invasive endodontics. However, its accuracy and clinical prognosis still need to be verified with a large number of clinical cases.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and influencing factors of transfer training for psychiatrists in Sichuan province， and to provide references for development of psychiatric personnel training program.MethodsThe qualified trainees who completed the phase I-IV transfer trainings at six regional mental health centers of Sichuan province from January 2015 to December 2018 were enrolled. All the selected trainees underwent three stages of systematic training： theoretical study， clinical practice and community practice. Moreover， trainees were given a closed-book examination at the end of the first stage of theoretical training and the third stage of community practice， and the examination results were used as indicators to assess the effectiveness of the training.ResultsThe trainees of different educational background， age， hospital type， hospital level and clinical practice bases had statistically different examination results （P

Tendon calcification is a common disease, with the shoulder rotator cuff being the most common site. However, calcific tendinitis of the gluteus medius has rarely been reported. This study reports the case of a 64-year-old woman diagnosed with calcific tendinitis of the gluteus medius and experiencing right lateral hip pain with no apparent trigger. After unsuccessful conservative treatment, hip endoscopy was performed on this patient, allowing for a clear view of a “toothpaste-like” lesion in the gluteus medius tendon. A shaver was used to remove the lesion. After 8 weeks and 14 months of follow-up, the patient could return to regular daily and social activities. This study shows that endoscopic surgery can lead to effective, rapid recovery and minimally invasive clinical outcomes in patients with tendon calcification near the hip joint.

Background and aimsCardiac enzymes are recognized as a valuable tool for predicting the prognosis of various cardiovascular diseases. The prognostic value of alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was ambiguous and not evaluated.MethodsTwo hundred and thirteen Chinese patients with ICH participated in the study from December 2018 to December 2019. Laboratory routine tests and cardiac enzymes, including α-HBDH level, were examined and analyzed. All the patients were classified into two groups by the median value of α-HBDH: B1

BackgroundsSleep disorders are the most common and disabling symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding the associations between sleep characteristics and motor and non-motor symptoms (NMSs) in PD can provide evidence to guide therapeutic interventions and nursing strategies. We aimed to investigate the association between sleep characteristics and motor function and NMSs in PD using multiple approaches.MethodsA total of 328 participants were included, and all participants underwent Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) evaluation and clinical assessments of PD symptoms. We conducted Spearman's correlation to evaluate the associations between sleep and PD symptoms, nonlinear regression to assess the relationships between sleep habits and PD, and mediated analyses to test the effects of NMSs on global PSQI and PD severity, quality of life, and motor symptoms.ResultsPoor sleep was associated with more severe PD symptoms. In addition, the reflection point for bedtime was around 21:52, associated with motor symptoms, and insufficient and excessive total time spent in bed and nocturnal sleep duration were correlated with higher NMS burdens. The optimal points were 8–9.2 and 6.2–6.9 h, respectively. It was also discovered that NMSs played the mediating roles in global sleep with the quality of life, PD stages, and motor symptoms to a varying range of 6.8–95.4%.ConclusionsSleep disorders have a significant effect on the burden of PD symptoms. The current findings provide new insights into the monitoring and management of sleep and PD and need to be further explored in the future studies.

Purpose – The research study aims to assess the women’s Business education and leadership training program at a higher institutional level in order to examine how the program impacts and contributes to women’s empowerment. Further, this research sought to explore women’s leadership training aspect that has not explicitly elucidated. Besides, this study looks upon women’s self-perception by empowering them with skills and leadership capabilities to change hard-core gender stereotypes in society. Research methodology – The sample size comprised of 82 enrolled female students in the training program. The qualitative statistics (i.e., three focus groups) evaluated with the Kirkpatrick model. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied to compare pre-and post-training quantitative data (i.e., questionnaire). Effect size is measured to check the effectiveness of the training program. Findings – The post-training evaluation revealed higher scores in knowledge, tools, and leadership skills. The training program encouraged women to bring change in self-perception and gain confidence for transformative changes in society. Findings support the effectiveness of leadership education and training programs. Research limitations – This research conducted in a Pakistani patriarchal cultural context and one region of Pakistan (Punjab). Hence the results are carefully generalised. The long term outcomes of this leadership training program and women’s performance in the job market are not studied. Practical implications – Findings suggest that a training program positively affects women’s learning, knowledge, and behaviour. Training programs empower women with practical tools for self and business development. The program encouraged women to gain better insight into work-life challenges and enhance personal competencies to gain equal rights. Originality/Value – This research will significantly contribute to the relatively scarce literature on the effectiveness of women’s business education and leadership training programs at a higher institutional level in the Pakistani context for women empowerment.

[Purpose/Significance] In the era of big data, agricultural research institutions in China have begun to increase the investment in informatization construction to bring great convenience to scientific research and management, but corresponding information security issues have risen to the surface. Tasks such as relying on the network hierarchical protection and performing in-depth analysis of each weak link in the information system construction of agricultural research institutions to improve the information system security and avoid network security problems have been placed in a prominent position in the work of agricultural research institutions. [Method/Process] This article discusses the issue of strengthening the information security management of agricultural research institutions based on hierarchical protection 2.0. First of all, this article introduces the importance of hierarchical protection. Secondly, the difference between hierarchical protection 2.0 standard and h1.0 standard is analyzed. Thirdly, the system of network security management and the network security management technologies of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences were analyzed in detail. Finally, it discusses and summarizes the effective strategies to strengthen the information security construction of agricultural research institutions.[Results/Conclusions] Taking the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences as an example, this paper discusses its practices in detail, in the hope of providing reference for agricultural research institutions to carry out network security hierarchical protection.

Effectively neutralizing inflammatory cytokines is crucial for managing a variety of inflammatory disorders. Current techniques that target only a subset of cytokines often fall short due to the intricate nature of redundant and compensatory cytokine networks. A promising solution to this challenge is using cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CNPs). These nanoparticles replicate the complex interactions between cells and cytokines observed in disease pathology, providing a potential avenue for multiplex cytokine scavenging. While the development of CNPs using experimental animal models has shown great promise, their effectiveness in scavenging multiple cytokines in human diseases has yet to be demonstrated. To bridge this gap, this study selected macrophage membrane-coated CNPs (MФ-CNPs) and assessed their ability to scavenge inflammatory cytokines in serum samples from patients with COVID-19, sepsis, acute pancreatitis, or type-1 diabetes, along with synovial fluid samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The results show that MФ-CNPs effectively scavenge critical inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, this study demonstrates MФ-CNPs as a multiplex cytokine scavenging formulation with promising applications in clinical settings to treat a range of inflammatory disorders.