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On cathode glass faceplate the new integral type cold cathode was developed.The printed silver slurry was sintered to form the silver bottom electrode.The thin-layer bottom electrode paste including a great deal of carbon nanotube was prepared,and was screen-printed on the silver bottom electrode surface.The ordinary carbon nanotube paste was fabricated on the baked thin-layer bottom electrode paste.The two types of pastes were simultaneous sintered in the sintering furnace with the protection of high purity argon atmosphere.The sintered thin-layer bottom electrode would combine with the silver bottom electrode,which the carbon nanotube layer was covered on its surface.In one cathode pixel there were two carbon nanotube field emitters.Due to the spare carbon nanotube field emitter,the service life of field emission display could be prolonged greatly.Using thin-layer bottom electrode as interface layer between the silver bottom electrode and the carbon nanotube layer,the adhesion property of carbon nanotube was improved and the reliable ohmic contact had also been confirmed.With carbon nanotube as cathode material,the integral type cold cathode field emission display was fabricated,which exhibited good luminescence image quality and better field emission characteristics.Comparing with the ordinary carbon nanotube cathode field emission display,the turn-on electric-field could be reduced from 2.11 V/μm to 1.68 V/μm,the maximum field emission current could be enhanced from 905.7 μA to 1 866.2 μA,and the field emission current fluctuation at 367 μA would not exceed 4.5%.The integral type cold cathode field emission display has subsequently been operated for more than 10 days with stable luminance brightness.

With screen-printing technique,a novel carbon nanotube(CNT) cathode preparation method was developed.Using double-walled CNT as primary material,the mixing CNT paste was fabricated,in which the minute Ag particles were included.On the mixing CNT paste printed on the conducting electrode surface,the common CNT paste was prepared.The baked CNT pastes were sintered simultaneously in the chain sintering furnace to remove the organic solvent,and the second-printing type CNT cathode was formed after the proper overvoltage post-treatment process was conducted.With the fabricated second-printing type CNT cathode,the field emission characteristics could be improved significantly.The triode second-printing CNT cathode field emission display was fabricated,which exhibited higher luminous brightness and better luminescence image brightness uniformity.Comparing with the common CNT cathode field emission display,the turn-on electric field could be reduced from 2.15 V/μm to 1.75 V/μm and the maximum field emission current would be enhanced from 735.8 μA to 1 588.5 μA.The developed preparation method of CNT cathode possessed considerable potential for practical applications and the fabrication cost was low.

Rear packaging face-plate was fabricated with the cut soda lime flat panel glass.With high effective screen-printing technique,the semicircle-group cathode-grid structure was developed on the rear packaging face-plate surface.The sintered silver slurry layer was used to form the double long-bar electrodes of the conducting electrode group in the semicircle-group cathode-grid structure,and the insulation layer was fabricated using the solidified insulation slurry.On the long-bar electrodes surface,the carbon nanotube cathodes with double semicircle shape were prepared,which was used to emit lots of electrons.The grid was fixed on carbon nanotube cathode of the rear packaging face-plate,and the grid substrate was adopted to separate the grid and the cathode.From the measure results,with the fabricated semicircle-group cathode-grid structure,the capacity effect between the cathode and the grid would be further reduced,the electron emission ability of carbon nanotube cathode could be improved,and the operation flexibility of whole field emission display prototype was also enhanced.Using carbon nanotube as cathode material,the triode structure small-sized field emission display prototype was fabricated,which possessed good field emission characteristics,high luminescence brightness and better luminescence image uniformity.The turn-on electric-field of fabricated triode field emission display prototype was approximate 2.12 V/μm,and the total fabrication cost was low.

Solubilities of ribidium tetraphenylborate in water, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol and l-octanol at 288.15, 298.15, 308.15, 318.15, 328.15 K have been determined by spectrophotometry. The standard Gibbs energy of transfer of ribidium tetraphenylborate from water to straight-chain n-alkanols and the primary medium effect of rubidium tetraphenylborate from 288.15 to 328.15 K have been calculated. Furthermore, the contribution of microscopic interactions to the standard Gibbs energy of transfer of rubidium tetraphenylborate in calculated and discussed.

Standard Gibbs energies of transfer of potassium tetraphenylborate from water to (water + t -butyl alcohol) (TBA) mixtures at T = 298.15 K have been studied. The mole fractions of TBA in the mixed solvent are 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.045, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, and 1.00, respectively. The primary medium effect of potassium tetraphenylborate in the mixed solvent is discussed.