Search

Recent years have witnessed increased pressure across the global healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic shattered existing healthcare operations and taught us the importance of a resilient and sustainable healthcare system. Digitisation, specifically adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has positively contributed to developing a resilient healthcare system in recent past. To understand how AI contributes to building a resilient and sustainable healthcare system, this study based on systematic literature review of 89 articles extracted from Scopus and Web of Science databases is conducted. The study is organised around several key themes such as applications, benefits, and challenges of using AI technology in healthcare sector. It is observed that AI has wide applications in radiology, surgery, medical, research, and development of healthcare sector. Based on the analysis, a research framework is proposed using an extended Antecedents, Practices, and Outcomes (APO) framework. This framework comprises AI applications' antecedents, practices, and outcomes for building a resilient and sustainable healthcare system. Consequently, three propositions are drawn in this study. Furthermore, our study has adopted the theory, context and methodology (TCM) framework to provide future research directions, which can be used as a reference point for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To review the literature on CAD/CAM removable complete and partial dentures regarding patient- and clinician-reported outcomes. Materials and Methods: We performed an electronic search of the Cochrane Central Register of controlled trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases (last update: March 2023). All clinical trials or observational studies investigating CAD/CAM removable dentures (conventional or implant-retained) were included. Results: The search yielded 4,035 records and led to 58 included studies. Results suggest that CAD/CAM complete and partial dentures, when compared to the conventional ones, can save time and resources while being rated either noninferior or superior by patients and clinicians in most studies. However, consensus on which workflow offers fewer adjustments and postoperative sessions is still pending. Conclusions: The literature suggests that CAD/CAM complete and partial dentures can combine substantial time and cost savings, with patient and clinician experiences at least comparable to conventional prostheses. Given the low evidence level of existing studies, future well-designed randomized trials with large sample sizes are required to confirm those advantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: to assess the changes in the macular structure in children with history of prematurity and to find the relationship between retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treatment and macular ultrastructural changes found in optical coherence tomography angiography study. Methods: a search for identifying relevant studies published in English using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from the date of inception to 21 October 2022 was conducted. Studies were included if their subjects were >5 years and used Optovue device for imaging. Twelve studies were included for final analysis. After extracting data, foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vessel density (VD) of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) in the foveal and parafoveal area, central foveal thickness (CFT), and visual acuity (VA) were compared between the study groups. Results: in individual who were born full term the FAZ was significantly larger. The SCP and DCP VD was significantly higher in children with history of ROP treatment. Superficial parafoveal VD was significantly lower in term children than both treated groups. The CFT was significantly higher in children with history of ROP (treated and untreated) than the terms. VA was lower in laser and IVI treated children than terms and it was related to the changes in CFT, foveal superficial and deep VD and FAZ area. Conclusions: Patients with a history of ROP treatment have a significantly greater CFT, higher VD of foveal SCP and DCP, and lower VA than the term-born children. Furthermore, the FAZ is negatively associated with VA and CFT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This work aims to explore the effectiveness and safety of doxofylline in asthma treatment. Data Sources: Relevant studies published before March 2023 were retrieved from EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Study Selections: Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2) was applied to determine the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Relative risks (RR, 95% confidence intervals [CI]) and weighted mean differences (WMD, 95% CI) were calculated for dichotomous and continuous outcomes, respectively, under fixed or random-effects models. Results: A total of eight clinical trials comprising 1627 patients were analyzed. The meta-analysis revealed no notable change in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (WMD = 0.48; 95% CI: −2.09 to 3.05), the use of albuterol as a rescue medication (WMD = −0.02; 95% CI: −0.57 to 0.52), forced vital capacity (FVC) (WMD = 0.19; 95% CI: −0.28 to 0.67) and FEV1 predicted value (WMD = 1.53; 95%CI: −0.88 to 3.94) between doxofylline and control groups. However, doxofylline treatment significantly reduced adverse reactions (RR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.84) and decreased the incidence of asthma events (WMD = −0.18; 95% CI: −0.33 to 0.03). Subgroup analysis results indicated that the improvement in FEV1 with doxofylline combined with budesonide was superior to that of budesonide combined with montelukast or tiotropium but inferior to that of budesonide plus formoterol combination. Conclusion: Doxofylline treatment significantly reduces the risk of asthma events and adverse events (AEs), demonstrating good safety and longer-term benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Alpha-synuclein (ɑ-syn) plays a key role in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis, but existing studies have found mixed results regarding the associations between plasma ɑ-syn and the development of cognitive impairment. We aim to clarify the potentially important relationship between ɑ-syn level in plasma and development of cognitive impairment in PD through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases for studies reporting plasma ɑ-syn concentrations and cognitive impairment in PD. Effect directions were plotted to investigate methodological factors, and a meta-analysis was performed comparing PD patients with dementia (PDD) to PD patients with normal cognition (PDNC). Results: Twenty-five studies were identified for the systematic review, involving 1,888 PD patients. Studies using the clinical diagnostic Movement Disorder Society (MDS) criteria for PD with mild cognitive impairment and PDD found consistently positive associations with plasma ɑ-syn level. This was further supported by a meta-analysis which found a significant standardised mean difference (g = 1.770, 95% CI: 0.749–2.790, p < 0.001) between PDD and PDNC patients in 10 studies. Furthermore, studies using emerging immunomagnetic reduction or single-molecule array techniques to quantify ɑ-syn reported strong positive associations. In contrast, studies using enzyme-linked immunoassay and cognitive screening tests alone found mixed results. Conclusion: There is an overall positive effect between plasma ɑ-syn levels and cognitive impairment in PD. As methodological factors can significantly affect associations, future studies should carefully select ɑ-syn immunoassays and utilise the MDS diagnostic criteria for cognitive impairment in PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is increasingly important for shorter treatment times, which reduces periodontal risks, root resorption and dental caries. Techniques to accelerate OTM focus on stimulating bone remodelling by enhancing osteoclast and osteoblast activity and include both surgical and non‐surgical methods. The therapeutic potential of ultrasounds is highly recognized among many medical areas and has shown promising results in modulating bone remodelling and inflammation phenomena. This systematic review aims to collect and analyse the current scientific in vitro and ex vivo evidence on ultrasound stimulation (US) bioeffects in cells implicated in tooth movement. This review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Sixteen articles were selected and included in this review. The revised studies suggest that US of 1.0 and 1.5 MHz, delivered at 30 mW/cm2, 10 to 30 min daily over three to 14 days seems to be effective in promoting osteoclastogenic activity, while US of 1.5 MHz, 30 to 90 mW/cm2, in 5‐ to 20‐min sessions delivered daily for 5 to 14 days exhibits the potential to stimulate osteogenic activity and differentiation. Previous research yielded varied evidence of the effectiveness of US in orthodontics. Future animal studies should employ the recommended US parameters and investigate how distinct protocols can differentially impact tissue remodelling pathways. The knowledge arising from this review will ultimately potentiate the application of US to accelerate OTM in the clinical setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural insurance is one of the formal and reliable risk management instruments to cope with agrarian risks. Presently, agricultural insurance products rely heavily on centralized systems that lack transparency and traceability, leading to suboptimal risk assessment and delays in payouts. To address these concerns the fintech industry has started to embrace a popular decentralized technology called blockchain. However, blockchain operates as a deterministic and synchronized state system, which means it cannot directly access real-world data for decentralized applications. A mechanism called oracle is required for the trusted access of agricultural risk factor data to smart contracts from external sources such as Internet of Things (IoT) devices, web services and databases. Hence, the present study proposes a blockchain-based AgriInsureDON framework with a privacy-preserving decentralized oracle for risk factor data access from trusted IoT devices for agricultural insurance. Initially, a method for computing the direct reputation score of IoT devices based on behavioral and data reputation is illustrated. Next, a privacy preserved decentralized oracle mechanism is designed and implemented using a masked secret sharing and secure aggregation scheme. Later, we demonstrate the working of weather-indexed insurance contracts based on decentralized oracle. Finally, a performance analysis of smart contract transactions w.r.t average latency, throughput, average CPU utilization and total memory usage is conducted on Ganache and Sepolia test networks. The evaluation results of privacy-protected decentralized oracle and an indexed insurance contract within AgriInsureDON framework confirms that transactions are efficient and scalable to meet the requirements of expedited claim settlement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: For more than a century, developing novel and effective vaccines against malaria and Tuberculosis (TB) infections has been a challenge. This review sought to investigate the reasons for the slow progress of malaria and TB vaccine candidates in sub-Saharan African clinical trials. Methods: The systematic review protocol was registered on PROSPERO on July 26, 2023 (CRD42023445166). The research articles related to the immunogenicity, efficacy, or safety of malaria or TB vaccines that were published between January 1, 2012, and August 31, 2023, were searched on three databases: Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Results: A total of 2342 articles were obtained, 50 of which met the inclusion criteria. 28 (56%) articles reported on malaria vaccine attributes, while 22 (44%) articles reported on TB vaccines. In both cases, the major challenges in sub-Saharan African clinical trials were immunogenicity and efficacy, rather than safety. Conclusion: Factors such as population characteristics, pathogen genetic diversity, vaccine nature, strategy, and formulation were associated with slow progress of the malaria and TB vaccine candidates in sub-Saharan African clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rapid sequence induction intubation (RSII) is commonly used in emergency surgeries for patients at high risk of aspiration. However, these patients are more susceptible to hypoxemia during the RSII process. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy has emerged as a potential alternative to traditional face mask (FM) ventilation pre- and apneic oxygenation. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of HFNC compared to FM during RSII in emergency surgeries. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search across PubMed-MEDLINE, EMBASE-OVID, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to July 20, 2024. Randomized controlled trials comparing HFNC with FM during RSII for emergency surgery patients were included. The primary outcomes were post-intubation arterial partial pressures of oxygen (PaO2) and carbon dioxide (PaCO2). Secondary outcomes included post-intubation end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration (EtCO2), incidence of desaturation, apnea time, lowest peripheral oxygen saturation (Lowest SpO2), and occurrence of regurgitant aspiration. We used the GRADE approach to assess the certainty of evidence and the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool to evaluate risk of bias. Findings: This meta-analysis encompassed six studies, involving a total of 703 patients. HFNC oxygen therapy demonstrated a significant increase in post-intubation arterial PaO2 compared to FM (mean difference = 63.02 mmHg, 95% CI: 8.99 to 117.05, p = 0.02), while no significant difference was observed in arterial PaCO2. Moreover, HFNC substantially prolonged apnea time (mean difference = 19.25 seconds, 95% CI: 1.69 to 36.82, p = 0.03). No statistically significant differences were found between HFNC and FM regarding EtCO2, incidence of desaturation, Lowest SpO2, or regurgitant aspiration. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that HFNC may be superior to FM for pre-oxygenation and apneic oxygenation during RSII in emergency surgeries, particularly in improving oxygenation. While these findings are promising, further high-quality research is necessary to establish definitive guidelines for HFNC use in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is a growing need for seaports to find ways to reduce the air pollution they generate. A wide range of potential best practices exist, but what lies behind the decision to implement them? Prior studies have focused on either barriers, drivers, or enablers in this context. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to review existing research on various measures to reduce air pollution in seaports with the aspects of both barriers and enablers that influence the implementation of these actions. Methods: To answer the research question, the authors conducted a systematic literature review using the databases of Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus. The initial search identified 247 studies in WoS and 589 studies in Scopus. After applying exclusion and inclusion criteria, a qualitative content analysis (QCA) was performed to narrow down the resulting articles and extract relevant information. The identified factors were then categorized, followed by a factor frequency analysis (FFA). Results: Based on the final selection of 48 research articles, the review identified and categorized a total of 38 barriers and 28 enabling factors. The barriers were grouped into economic, technical, managerial, informational, and regulatory categories. The enabling factors were grouped into economic-financial, regulations and policies, informational, professional, and training categories. Aspects of finance and regulation are highlighted by the FFA. Findings: Financial aspects play a crucial role on both the barriers and enablers side, while aspects such as information or professional training seem to be neglected. Barriers are diverse, while enablers focus mostly on regulations. With our findings, we contribute to previous work that will serve as a basis for further research on the interdependencies of influencing factors, as well as experts and stakeholders in developing suitable emission reduction (ER) strategies for citizens living and working in and around seaports. The ranking of importance as well as the degree of influence of the various factors depend on further aspects to be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In today's fast-paced society, stress has become a widespread phenomenon, garnering increasing attention for its impact on cancer. This study aims to investigate the current status and research hotspots of chronic stress in cancer research from 2014 to 2024, with the goal of providing valuable insights for future studies. Methods: We retrieved 618 articles published between 2014 and 2024 from the Web of Science database and analyzed them using R software, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace. Results: There is an overall upward trend in chronic stress-related cancer research, with China leading in publications, followed by the United States, India, Australia, and Italy. The journal most cited is Brain Behavior and Immunity. Key themes identified include 'inflammation', 'breast cancer', 'anxiety', 'psychological stress', and 'oxidative stress'. The primary focus of the research is the impact of chronic stress on various cancer types, the underlying molecular mechanisms, and the implications of chronic stress-related treatments on cancer outcomes. Conclusion: Chronic stress is increasingly recognized as a Carcinogenic factors. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of chronic stress-related cancer research from 2014 to 2024, offering valuable guidance for future research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) can induce accelerated regeneration of future liver remnant (FLR) and effectively reduce the occurrence of liver failure due to insufficient FLR after hepatectomy, thereby increasing the probability of radical resection for previously inoperable patients with liver cancer. However, the exact mechanism by which ALPPS accelerates liver regeneration remains elusive. Methods: A review of the literature was performed utilizing MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science databases in March of 2024. The key words "liver regeneration/hypertrophy", "portal vein ligation/embolization", "two-stage hepatectomy", "liver partition/split" and "future liver remnant" in combination with "mechanisms", "hemodynamics", "cytokines", "growth factors" or "collaterals" were searched in the title and/or abstract. The references of relevant articles were reviewed to identify additional eligible publications. Results: Previously, a widely accepted view is that the primary role of liver splitting in ALPPS stage 1 is to accelerate liver regeneration by promoting proliferative factor release, but increasing evidence in recent years reveal that not the circulating factors, but the portal hemodynamic alternations caused by liver parenchyma transection play a pivotal role in ALPPS-associated rapid liver hypertrophy. Conclusion: Parenchyma transection-induced portal hemodynamic alternations are the main triggers or driving forces of accelerated liver regeneration following ALPPS. The release of circulating proliferative factors seems to be a secondary response to liver splitting and plays an auxiliary role in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The mortality rate associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has seen a significant rise in regions heavily affected by the disease over the past few decades. The traditional methods for diagnosing and differentiating tuberculosis (TB) remain thorny issues, particularly in areas with a high TB epidemic and inadequate resources. Processing numerous images can be time-consuming and tedious. Therefore, there is a need for automatic segmentation and classification technologies based on lung computed tomography (CT) scans to expedite and enhance the diagnosis of TB, enabling the rapid and secure identification of the condition. Deep learning (DL) offers a promising solution for automatically segmenting and classifying lung CT scans, expediting and enhancing TB diagnosis. Methods: This review evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of DL modalities for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) after searching the PubMed and Web of Science databases using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Seven articles were found and included in the review. While DL has been widely used and achieved great success in CT-based PTB diagnosis, there are still challenges to be addressed and opportunities to be explored, including data scarcity, model generalization, interpretability, and ethical concerns. Addressing these challenges requires data augmentation, interpretable models, moral frameworks, and clinical validation. Conclusion: Further research should focus on developing robust and generalizable DL models, enhancing model interpretability, establishing ethical guidelines, and conducting clinical validation studies. DL holds great promise for transforming PTB diagnosis and improving patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addressing environmental, social, and economic challenges has become a pressing global priority. The Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework offers a holistic approach for evaluating corporate performance by integrating economic, environmental, and social perspectives. Despite its increasing adoption in both managerial and academic research, there remains a significant gap in understanding how the TBL framework influences business performance. To address this, the study conducts a bibliometric review of 207 publications from the Web of Science database. The review highlights the multifaceted impact of practices linked to the TBL dimensions on business performance while introducing the TBL Influence on Business Performance model. This model provides valuable insights into how businesses can effectively apply TBL principles to address socio-environmental challenges, foster innovation, and achieve sustained long-term performance. The findings contribute valuable theoretical and practical insights into how organizations can utilize TBL principles to strengthen resilience, innovation, and performance in the face of global socio-environmental challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several countries across the globe are integrating entrepreneurship practices like technology business incubation and acceleration programmes to spur economic development and achieve macroeconomic benefits. The growing interest among researchers has made this field multifaceted and diverse. Despite the proliferation of business incubator research, empirical studies showing their contribution to and from the perspective of incubated startups are still in the developing stage. Bibliometric performance analyses and science mappings were performed on 207 articles from 90 journals published between 1994 and 2024. In addition, the input-mediator-outcome framework was applied to a selected subset of 53 articles. Biblioshiny in R-studio was utilised to do bibliometric analysis following the extraction of data from the Web of Science database. The study provides a valuable framework for comprehending how various inputs influence startup outcomes through specific mechanisms, ultimately leading to improved performance. This understanding can be instrumental in guiding startups, incubators, policymakers, and researchers towards actions and strategies that enhance the overall success of startups in the entrepreneurial landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To date, several studies have demonstrated that erroneous labeling of Penicillin allergy (PAL) can significantly impact treatment options and result in adverse clinical outcomes, while other studies have reported no negative effects. Therefore, to systematically evaluate these effects and investigate the association between adverse clinical outcomes and the Penicillin label, we conducted this meta-analysis. Method: Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from inception to 13 July 2024. The search strategy utilized terms ("antibiotic allergy label," "penicillin allergy label," and "allergy label") and ("death," "readmission," "adverse outcome," and "clinical adverse outcome"). In the study selection process, the PICOS framework and stringent inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied. The quality of the initially included studies was independently assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data from the included studies, including relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), were extracted and analyzed using Stata 16.0. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the results. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 and Cochrane Q tests, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test and funnel plot analysis. Results: A total of 497 relevant studies were identified through four databases. Following a thorough screening process, 11 studies encompassing 1,200,785 participants were ultimately included. The combined evidence suggests that penicillin allergy labeling is associated with increased mortality RR = 1.06 (95% CI 1.06–1.07, I2 = 0.00%), acute heart failure (RR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.09–1.30, τ2 = 0.00, I2 = 92.39%), ICU events (RR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.01–1.19, τ2 = 0.00, I2 = 57.09%), and mechanical ventilation events (RR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.09–1.24, τ2 = 0.00, I2 = 23.11%). Additionally, there was no significant association with readmissions (RR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.95–1.16, I2 = 0.00%). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that penicillin allergy labels are associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients, as well as being linked to acute heart failure, heightened ICU requirements, and mechanical ventilation. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42024571535. Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD4202457153. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social capital theory is a valuable theoretical framework in the field of higher education—as it has been used to examine differences in important educational outcomes based on students' social network and the resources embedded in that network. Despite multiple well-established methods proposed by seminal researchers, there is limited synthesis of how to assess social capital, perpetuating inconsistent findings and evidence for educational interventions. The aim of the study is to evaluate quantitative social capital assessments, based on survey design and operationalized measures, and recommend methods, operationalized measures and assessment instruments for social capital. Using seven educational databases and Web of Science, we reviewed 93 English language, quantitative studies from peer-reviewed journals, published from 1980 to 2022; to be included, studies had to measure the social capital of students entering and currently in undergraduate studies. Results from the 93 articles revealed that generators (18 papers), social network analysis (5 papers), and standard Likert measures (80 papers) were commonly used to assess social capital. Standard Likert measures, while most common, were rarely aligned with social capital theory, reducing the validity of the measures. Results also showed that operationalizations of social capital were heavily rooted in social network theory, where social capital is accessed through social networks (86 papers) and actions from alters (65 papers) in the students' network. However, direct measures of social capital—that is, network characteristics, access to supports, and seminal definitions of trust and community—were less common. This study provides important consensus and recommendations for researchers to select assessment instruments appropriate for their study and rooted in principles of assessment validity. We recommend researchers select survey methods (e.g., social capital generators) and operationalizations (e.g., actions from alters) that are well aligned with social capital theory. Assessment instruments designed using strong theoretical frameworks, such as Lin's network theory of social capital, add to the validity of the researchers' instrument design, use and interpretation of the students' social capital scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We employed a meta-analysis to investigate the risk factors associated with sarcopenia in patients undergoing dialysis. Methods: We conducted a search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Inclusion criteria included case–control and cohort studies on risk factors for sarcopenia in dialysis patients. The search period spanned from the inception of each database to September 20, 2024. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data analysis was performed using Stata 15.0. Result: A total of 625 articles were screened, with 610 articles excluded based on predefined eligibility criteria, resulting in 15 articles involving 2904 individuals were included in the final analysis, meta-analysis results indicate that older dialysis patients [SMD = 0.76, 95% CI (0.54, 0.99), I2 = 81%, P = 0.001], those with a lower BMI [SMD = -0.50, 95% CI (-0.80, -0.20), I2% = 87.4%, P = 0.02], a lower SMI [SMD = -2.67, 95% CI (-3.87, -1.47), I2% = 98.2%, P = 0.001], and those with diabetes [OR = 1.43, 95% CI (1.13, 1.82), I2% = 48.8%, P = 0.03] are more likely to develop sarcopenia. Conclusion: Based on current research, our study found that elderly dialysis patients, those with a lower BMI, lower SMI, and diabetic patients are more likely to develop sarcopenia. These findings highlight the necessity of early intervention for these high-risk groups. However, the study has limitations. Future research should address these limitations and investigate the mechanisms linking these risk factors to sarcopenia to develop targeted prevention and treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this research pertains to conducting a bibliometric examination of articles accessible within the Web of Science database that pertain to reward-based crowdfunding. This research was conducted over a corpus of 261 publications spanning the timeframe of 2014 to 2023, from the WoS database. The results of the research revealed a notable trend of reward-based crowdfunding researchers. The research also sought to identify key authors, institutions, journals, and countries that hold paramount significance for future scholars delving into the study of reward-based crowdfunding, consequently delineating fundamental thematic underpinnings. The insights gleaned from these analyses are anticipated to offer valuable guidance to researchers engaging in explorations within this particular domain. The meticulous evaluation of publications and their interconnections sheds light on prevalent trends, influential contributors, and core topics, thereby furnishing a compass for prospective research endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To guide the drug selection for treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC) by evaluating the efficacy and safety of various drugs. Methods: This systematic review searched the Embase, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) based on the drugs used alone or in combination for treating UC. Moreover, the Stata17.0 software was employed for statistical analysis and results were reported as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: For the efficacy of induction, upadacitinib ranked first in clinical response, clinical remission, and endoscopic improvement rates, with cumulative probabilities of 96.0%, 99.3%, and 99.0%, respectively. Moreover, for the efficacy of maintenance, upadacitinib ranked first in both clinical remission and endoscopic improvement with a cumulative probability of 93.2% and 93.3%, respectively. For safety, vedolizumab showed the best incidence of adverse events (AE) with 16.8% cumulative probability, while upadacitinib showed the best incidence of serious adverse events (SAE) with 13.8% cumulative probability. Conclusion: In a systematic review and network meta-analysis, we found upadacitinib showed the best efficacy and safety in to be ranked highest in patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis. More trials of direct comparisons are needed to inform clinical decision making with greater confidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fall of the Soviet bloc brought a sense of optimism for the establishment of open and democratic civil societies; however, the transition has been inconsistent and varied across the region. Some countries have embraced Western democratic and capitalist principles while others have encountered significant political challenges and setbacks. For young people, these diverse paths of development have led to both political engagement and apathy. In this systematic literature review (SLR) we aim to depict the state of research on school-age youth activism (YA) in post-socialist countries. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted our search using three databases: Web of Science, EBSCO, and ERIC. The screening process resulted in 121 eligible papers. Our comparative analysis of peer-reviewed journal publications about YA in EU and non-EU post-socialist countries underscores the complexity of youth activism in post-socialist countries, revealing distinct research focuses and methodological disparities between EU and non-EU contexts. Our review challenges the notion of a uniform post-socialist landscape. Findings indicate that publications on non-EU countries often emphasise political events and youth organisations, such as the Euromaidan in Ukraine or groups like Nashi. In contrast, studies from EU countries tend to cover a wider range of topics but focus more on youth civic engagement and its deficiencies. Essentially, research from non-EU contexts highlights politically active youth, whereas EU-focused studies explore the reasons for political apathy and potential solutions. Additionally, papers on EU countries generally exhibit higher methodological rigour compared to those on non-EU countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Liposuction has emerged as one of the most common cosmetic procedures globally, increasing by more than two-fold since 1997. While different liposuction techniques exist, each with distinct advantages and potential sequelae, a comprehensive comparative analysis of complication rates across various techniques in purely aesthetic cases remains unexplored. We aimed to (1) systematically review the literature on complications of distinctliposuction techniques, and (2) compare complication rates between different techniques. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies reporting on complications of isolated cosmetic liposuction techniques in specific anatomical regions. Complication rates were pooled, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Publication bias was evaluated using the Luis Furuya-Kanamori index and Doi plot. Results: Twenty-three studies were included. Laser-assisted liposuction (LAL) demonstrated the lowest overall complication rates for hemorrhage, infection, seroma formation, thermal injury, and cutaneous necrosis (all 0.13%). Power-assisted liposuction (PAL) exhibited the highest rates for hemorrhage (0.72%), infection (1.34%), and cutaneous necrosis (0.72%). Radiofrequency-assisted liposuction (RFAL) showed the highest rates for seroma formation (3.93%) and thermal injuries/blistering (1.64%). Suction-assisted liposuction (SAL) presented the highest rate of cutaneous irregularities (3.36%). Heterogeneity varied widely across complication types and techniques, with I² values ranging from 0 to 91.4%. Conclusions: This study provides the first comprehensive comparison of complication rates across different liposuction techniques in aesthetic cases. LAL demonstrated superior safety profiles, while PAL and RAL showed higher rates for specific complications. These findings can inform surgical decision-making and patient counseling. Level of Evidence: Not gradable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public administration emphasizes accountability to various entities, including elected representatives, courts, oversight agencies, civil society, and citizens. However, the constant addition of accountability measures may lead to overload, negatively impacting public sector employees and undermining the accountability system. This article conducts a systematic literature review on accountability overload (AO), focusing on Public Administration journals in the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) of the Web of Science database (1900–2021). Findings reveal that the study on AO is still in its early stages, lacking consensus on terminology and a universal definition. The article concludes by proposing a workable definition for AO and highlighting research needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health practitioners may be called to an inquest after the unexpected death of a patient. Our review aimed to synthesise publicly available guidance written for practitioners working in mental health who are called to give evidence at a coroner’s inquest. We conducted both a systematic database and web search. We conducted a quality appraisal and data synthesis using the Framework Method. We found limited guidance specifically for those working in mental health. Guidance gave advice on preparing effectively including how to give oral evidence and write witness statements. Support was often assumed to be given by the employing Trust. Only a minority of guidance suggested means of psychological support. We identified a set of practically applicable principles for healthcare practitioners attending inquests. Many recommendations were not backed by evidence and lacked stakeholder input. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Methods Results Conclusions Antibiotic resistance (ABR) constitutes a significant burden to economies in developing countries. In the ‘One‐Health’ concept, ABR in human, animals, and environment is interconnected. The aim of this study was to critically appraise literature on ABR in all three domains in One Health, within the Sri Lankan geographical context.The protocol was registered with PROSPERO and followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science databases and grey literature via Google Scholar. Out of 298 abstracts, 37 articles were selected following screening. A risk of bias assessment was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Following blinded data extraction, descriptive data analysis and narrative synthesis were performed.This review included studies published between 2016‐2023. Of the included studies, 17 (45.9%) reported data on samples obtained from humans, 9 (24.3%) from animals, and 6 (16.2%) from environmental sources, two studies (5.4%) from humans and animals, one study on animal and environment; whereas two studies including all three domains. ABR of 32 different bacteria (Gram negative⸺17, Gram positive⸺14) was retrieved; E. coli was the most frequently studied bacteria followed by MRSA and ESBL. For E. coli, a median resistance over 50% was reported for sulfamethoxazole (88.8%), trimethoprim (79.1%), ampicillin (60%) and tetracycline (50.3%) with the highest resistance for erythromycin (98%). Of a total of 21 antibiotic‐resistance genes in E. coli, the highest genotypic resistance was for tet‐A (48.5%).A comprehensive description of ABR for a total of 32 bacteria, 62 antibiotics and 46 ABR genes is presented. This review discusses the contemporary ABR landscape in Sri Lanka through the One Health lens, highlighting key methodological and empirical research gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The critical role played by vascular dysfunction and ineffective angiogenesis in the pathophysiology of systemic sclerosis (SSc) suggests that circulating biomarkers reflecting these alterations may be useful in the clinical evaluation of this patient group. We sought to address this issue by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating a such candidate biomarker, endostatin, an endogenous glycoprotein exerting anti-angiogenic effects, in SSc patients and healthy controls. Methods: A literature search was conducted in the electronic databases Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus from inception to 27 May 2024. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the JBI checklist for analytical studies and GRADE, respectively. Results: In 19 eligible studies, circulating endostatin concentrations were significantly higher in SSc patients than controls (standard mean difference, SMD=0.90, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.23, p<0.001; low certainty of evidence). Endostatin concentrations were also significantly higher in SSc patients with digital ulcers than those without (SMD=0.43, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.62, p<0.001; very low certainty of evidence) and in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension than those without (SMD=1.21, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.76, p<0.001; very low certainty of evidence). By contrast, no significant differences were observed between SSc patients with limited vs. diffuse disease and those with different video capillaroscopy patterns. There was limited evidence regarding endostatin concentrations in SSc patients with interstitial lung disease, telangiectasias, and gastrointestinal manifestations. There were no significant associations in meta-regression and subgroup analysis of studies investigating endostatin in SSc patients and controls between the effect size and various patient and study characteristics. Discussion: Therefore, the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that measuring endostatin can be useful in assessing the presence of SSc and specific complications, i.e., digital ulcers and pulmonary arterial hypertension, in these patients. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ , identifier CRD42024558174. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping and bibliometric review of articles using artificial intelligence (AI) in tennis. The analysis covered various aspects of tennis, including performance, health, match results, physiological data, tennis expenditure, and prize amounts. Articles on AI in tennis published until 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. A total of 389 records were screened, and 108 articles were retained for analysis. The analysis identified intermittent gaps in publication output during certain intervals, notably in the years 2007–2008 and 2012–2013. From 2012 onward, there was a clear upward trend in publications and citations, peaking in 2022. The theme was led by China, the United States, and Australia. These countries maintain their status as the top contributors in terms of publications. The analysis of author collaborations revealed multiple clusters, with notable contributions from researchers in China, Australia, Japan, and the United States. This bibliometric review has elucidated the evolution of AI research in tennis, highlighting the countries and authors that have significantly contributed to this field over the years. The prediction model suggests that the number of articles and citations on this topic will continue to increase over the next decade (until 2034). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: Additive manufacturing (AM), which has also become known as 3D printing, is rapidly expanding its areas of use in the marine industry. This study undertakes a historical development of AM in the marine industry. The study also criticises these developments to date and the future technological applications they will lead to, while considering the benefits for the industry and its segments. (2) Methods: This review followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was registered in the Open Science Framework. The personalized search strategy was applied to Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The core emphasis was placed on two eligibility criteria throughout the evaluation process. Firstly, Criteria 1 sought to determine the paper's relevance to AM. Secondly, Criteria 2 aimed to assess whether the paper delves into the implementation of AM or provides valuable insights into its utilisation within the marine industry. The risk of bias was analysed using a checklist of important parameters to be considered. (3) Results: In recent years, there has been a growing trend in studies related to the application of AM in the marine industry. While AM is widespread in industries such as automotive, aviation, and healthcare, it is relatively new for the marine industry. Almost only 5% of publications related to AM are related to the marine industry. There is a need for extensive research in many areas. It has been observed that classification societies and approval institutions, which largely drive the marine industry, have not yet taken AM into consideration sufficiently. (4) Conclusions: The studies show that AM is very promising for the marine industry. However, there are new studies at the experimental and theoretical level that need to be carried out to determine the right materials and AM methods to establish the quality control methodology and the necessary classification rules. This review also emphazises AM's pivotal role in reshaping the marine industry, addressing the potential environmental and occupational safety effects of AM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe mental disorders (SMDs), such as schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD), are heterogeneous psychiatric diseases that impose a significant societal burden due to their chronic disabling nature. There are no objective and reliable diagnostic tests for SMDs; thus, there is an urgent need for specific biomarkers to improve diagnosis, treatment, and resource allocation. Neurofilaments, found in cerebrospinal fluid and blood, offer reliable diagnostic and prognostic potential. This review discusses the link between neurofilament light chain (NfL) involvement in psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases and gives insights into the diagnostic and prognostic value of NfL in SMDs. This systematic review searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to answer the research question "Are NfL levels higher in individuals with SMDs compared to healthy controls?" using terms related to neurofilament, SMDs, SZ, BD, and depression. Of 8577 initial papers, 115 were relevant. After exclusions and manual additions, 17 articles were included. Studies indicate elevated NfL levels in SMDs compared to healthy controls, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for SMDs and for distinguishing neurodegenerative diseases from psychiatric disorders. However, further longitudinal research is needed to confirm its reliability for differential diagnosis, disease prediction, and treatment assessment in psychiatry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To discuss the prognostic outcomes, controversies and assessment of bone erosion or invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: A structured literature review was conducted to critically analyse relevant evidence. The Web of Science database was searched using specific keywords aligned with the review question. After identifying initial studies, their references were also reviewed to include any additional relevant publications, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of the available evidence. Results: The search identified 11 relevant studies, including 5 from the initial search and 6 from reference review. The significance of bone involvement is unclear in OSCC, with varying definitions of cortical bone erosion and medullary bone infiltration contributing to conflicting results regarding the prognostic significance of bone involvement. The majority of evidence stems from retrospective cohort studies without clear study criteria and a lack of power to draw valid conclusions. Conclusions: There are currently a lack of high-quality studies assessing bone invasion in OSCC. While there appears to be some evidence that medullary bone infiltration is prognostic, further well-designed studies are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to uncover the relationship between UPFs intake and neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), cognitive impairment, and dementia. Setting: A systematic search was conducted using the Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, and ISI Web of Science databases without any limitation until June 24, 2023. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled by using a random-effects model, while validated methods examined quality and publication bias via Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, Egger's regression asymmetry, and Begg's rank correlation tests, respectively. Results: Analysis from 28 studies indicated that a higher UPFs intake was significantly related to an enhanced risk of MS (RR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.33; I2 = 37.5%; p = 0.050; n = 14), PD (RR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.21, 2.02; I2 = 64.1%; p = 0.001; n = 15), and cognitive impairment (RR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.30; I2 = 74.1%; p = 0.003; n = 17), although not AD or dementia. We observed that a 25 g increment in UPFs intake was related to a 4% higher risk of MS (RR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.06; I2 = 0.0%; p = 0.013; n = 7), but not PD. The non-linear dose–response relationship indicated a positive non-linear association between UPF intake and the risk of MS (Pnonlinearity = 0.031, Pdose-response = 0.002). This association was not observed for the risk of PD (Pnonlinearity = 0.431, Pdose-response = 0.231). Conclusion: These findings indicate that persistent overconsumption of UPFs may have an adverse impact on neurodegenerative conditions, potentially leading to a decline in quality of life and reduced independence as individuals age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the "digital protection of intangible cultural heritage technologies" as the key research theme, using the core collection database of Web of Science as the primary data source. A visualization approach based on CiteSpace is employed to analyze the development trends, keyword co-occurrence patterns, and related research topics in this field. The analysis reveals the current state of digital protection technologies for intangible cultural heritage, identifies key research hotspots, and projects future trends. The findings suggest that the future of digital protection lies in the deeper integration of digital technologies with intangible cultural heritage, with an emphasis on improving heritage technology databases, advancing the inheritance and dissemination of digital heritage technologies, and training specialized personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Sepsis is associated with significant mortality. Telehealth may improve the quality of early sepsis care, but the use and impact of telehealth applications for sepsis remain unclear. We aim to describe the telehealth interventions that have been used to facilitate sepsis care, and to summarize the reported effect of telehealth on sepsis outcomes. Data Sources: We identified articles reporting telehealth use for sepsis using an English-language search of PubMed, CINAHL Plus (EBSCO), Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), APA PsycINFO (EBSCO), Public Health (ProQuest), and Web of Science databases with no restrictions on publication date. Study Selection: Included studies described the use of telehealth as an intervention for treating sepsis. Only comparative effectiveness analyses were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, two investigators independently selected articles for inclusion and abstracted data. A random-effects subgroup analysis was conducted on patient survival treated with and without telehealth. Results: A total of 15 studies were included, involving 188,418 patients with sepsis. Thirteen studies used observational study designs, and the most common telehealth applications were provider-to-provider telehealth consultation and intensive care unit telehealth. Clinical and methodological heterogeneity was significantly high. Telehealth use was associated with higher survival, especially in settings with low control group survival. The effect of telehealth on other care processes and outcomes were more varied and likely dependent on hospital-level factors. Conclusions: Telehealth has been used in diverse applications for sepsis care, and it may improve patient outcomes in certain contexts. Additional interventional trials and cost-based analyses would clarify the causal role of telehealth in improving sepsis outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Methods and Results Conclusion With the growing evidence of cardiovascular risks associated with diclofenac use, regulatory measures governing its application and sales have intensified since 2008. We evaluated the association between central regulatory actions and trends in diclofenac use in Denmark from 1999 to 2023, according to different dosage forms and routes of administration.Data on diclofenac sales in Denmark from 1999 to 2023 were retrieved from the publicly available web database MEDSTAT, based on the Danish Register of Medicinal Products Statistics. The annual sales of various diclofenac dosage forms, including systemic (tablets, modified‐release dosage forms, and suppositories) and topical (nonspecific and ophthalmic) dosage forms, were calculated and displayed by sales unit.From 1999 to 2008, sales of all systemically administered diclofenac forms increased: tablets by 51% (2000–2008), modified‐release dosage forms by 40% (2003–2007), and suppositories by 44% (1999–2008). Thereafter, sales of tablets declined by 86% and modified‐release dosage forms by 90% through 2023. The sales of suppositories declined somewhat lesser, by 34%, during 2008 to 2018 and then increased by 67% through 2023. Sales of nonspecific topical diclofenac increased by several thousandfold from 2005, although with brief periods of decline.Sales of systemically administered diclofenac dosage forms, particularly tablets and modified‐release drugs, declined by approximately 90% from about 2008 to 2023, indicating compliance with Danish and international regulatory actions. Conversely, sales of topically administered diclofenac increased heavily from 2005 to 2023, denoting a policy‐driven shift toward these lower risk dosage forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES: The domain of emergency medicine (EM) is not only rapidly evolving but also witnessing a significant surge in research publications, particularly in Türkiye. In this context, this study aimed to investigate the publication outcomes of abstracts presented at national EM conferences and evaluate the quality of these publications, thereby contributing to the understanding of the evolving landscape of EM research in Türkiye. METHODS: To ensure the accuracy and reliability of our findings, we meticulously examined abstracts presented at the annual conferences organized by the EM Association of Türkiye and Emergency Physicians Association of Türkiye from January 2015 to December 2021. We screened public databases such as Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, Google Scholar, and ULAKBIM to identify any subsequent publications of these abstracts. The data on publication dates, and journal impact factors were thoroughly analyzed. RESULTS: The study included 10,055 abstracts, comprising 3794 (37.7%) oral presentations and 6261 (62.3%) poster presentations. Of these, 829 abstracts (8.2%) were later published as full publications in journals indexed in at least one major database. Among the published articles, 36 (4.3%) appeared in Q1 journals, while 346 (41.6%) were published in journals without quartile rankings. The median duration until publication was observed to be 12 months. CONCLUSION: The publication rate for abstracts presented at EM conferences was 8%, with most articles published within 2 years. Oral presentations had a higher publication rate than poster presentations, indicating higher quality. The authors' affiliations and the studies' designs emerged as pivotal factors influencing the success of publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Methods Results Conclusion Previous animal studies have found a relationship between spatial frequency and myopia. New research in humans suggest that reduced high spatial content of the visual environment may be a contributing factor for myopia development. This study aims to review the literature and elucidate the potential biological mechanisms linking spatial frequency and myopia.A systematic search was conducted across PubMed and Web of Science databases. The studies published from their inception to August 2024 that have explored the connection between spatial frequency and myopia. Only full‐text articles in English were included. PRISMA was used for data validity.A total of 13 articles were included in this review, comprising seven animal model studies, four population‐based studies, one pictorial analysis and one study on research design. Epidemiological evidence is comparatively limited and has only begun to emerge in recent years. Mid‐ to high spatial frequencies were found to play an important role in the emmetropization process of the eye. Low spatial frequencies can increase the risk of myopia incidence. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms of how spatial frequency affects myopia are summarized as visual information processing characteristics, eye accommodation function and eye movements, contrast sensitivity and relevant molecules involved in the pathway.The evidence suggests that indoor spatial frequency may be related to the development of myopia. Further studies are warranted to understand if the incorporation of changes in indoor environments is helpful in the prevention and control of myopia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited data existed on the efficacy and safety of novel antiepileptic drugs (pregabalin and gabapentin) in treating pruritus. To assess their role in managing either acute or chronic pruritus. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for relevant randomized controlled trials. Pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% CI were performed using RevMan5.4 and R4.3.1. Analysis of 27 articles involving 2,016 patients showed significant reduction in pruritus incidence (OR, 0.30 [CI, 0.22–0.4]; I2=1%) and improvements in VAS (MD, 2.76 [CI, 0.95–4.57]; I2=98%) and 5-D scores (MD, 3.42 [CI, 2.10–4.75]; I2=92%) with pregabalin/gabapentin compared to controls. Adverse effects mainly included dizziness, somnolence, nausea and vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, and anxiety, with no significant difference between the groups (OR, 1.08 [CI, 0.32–3.59]; I2=76%). The novel antiepileptic drugs pregabalin and gabapentin demonstrated significant therapeutic value in the treatment of pruritus, with a favorable safety profile. Compared to commonly used pruritus treatments such as antihistamines and antidepressants, these medications offered a promising alternative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Adenoma detection rate (ADR) is a quality indicator set at a minimum of 25% in unselected populations by the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE). Nevertheless, a lack of pooled observational data resembling real-world practice limits support for this threshold. We aimed to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis to evaluate the pooled rates for conventional adenoma detection, polyp detection (PDR), cecal intubation, bowel preparation, and complications in population-based studies. Methods The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched until May 2023 for populational-based studies reporting overall ADR in unselected individuals. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis. Results 31 studies were included, comprising 3 644 561 subjects. A high quality of procedures was noticeable, with a high cecal intubation rate and low complication rate. The overall pooled ADR, PDR, and rate of cancer detection were 26.5% (95%CI 23.3% to 29.7%), 38.3% (95%CI 32.5% to 44.1%), and 2.7% (95%CI 1.5% to 3.9%), respectively. ADR varied according to indication: screening 33.3% (95%CI 24.5% to 42.2%), surveillance 42.9% (95%CI 36.9% to 49.0%), and diagnostic 24.7% (95%CI 19.5% to 29.9%), with subgroup analysis revealing rates of 34.4% (95%CI 22.0% to 40.5%) for post-fecal occult blood test and 26.6% (95%CI 22.6% to 30.5%) for primary colonoscopy screening. Diminutive conventional adenomas yielded a pooled rate of 59.9% (95%CI 43.4% to 76.3%). The pooled rate for overall serrated lesion detection was 12.4% (95%CI 8.8% to 16.0%). Male sex and higher age were significantly associated with an ADR above the benchmark. Conclusion This first meta-analysis relying on real-world observational studies supports the ESGE benchmark for ADR, while suggesting that different benchmarks might be used according to indication, sex, and age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) is an increasing burden in Sub-Saharan Africa. This systematic review examined the incidence, prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of PCa in Nigeria. Methods: This review followed the standard Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Peer-reviewed observational studies that focused on epidemiology of PCa in Nigeria, published between 1990 and 2023 and written in English were eligible. Combination of keywords was used to search PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar, AJOL and web of science databases. A piloted form by the Cochrane Public Health Group Data Extraction and Assessment Template was used to extract data from retrieved studies. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale for observational studies. Results: Of the 1898 articles retrieved, 21 met the inclusion criteria. All included studies showed good quality. Mean age for PCa ranged from 55 to 71 years, with a higher prevalence occurring within 60–69 years. A 7.7 fold increase in PCa incidence was reported for the years 1997–2006, while an average annual increase in incidence rate of 11.95% was observed from 2009 to 2013. Hospital-based prevalence of 14%–46.4% was observed for clinically active PCa. Patients presented for diagnosis with high Gleason scores and advanced PCa. High mortality (15.6%–64.0%) occurred between 6 months and 3 years of diagnosis. Conclusion: Findings suggest rising incidence and high prevalence of PCa in Nigeria. Advanced PCa was most common at diagnosis and mortality was high. There is need for improved strategies and policies for early detection of PCa in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze publications on financial development between 1986 and 2023 using bibliometric analysis methods. The analysis, based on data obtained from the Web of Science database, utilizes bibliometric tools such as keyword analysis, author collaboration networks, citation analysis, and bibliographic coupling to identify trends, key authors, influential journals, and emerging research topics in the field. The results indicate that financial development research is predominantly concentrated in the fields of economics, environmental sciences, and business finance, with economics having the highest number of publications. A significant increase in publications is observed after 2014, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. VOSviewer and R Studio programs were chosen in the study due to their strengths in terms of functionality. According to the results, the countries with the most citations were China, the USA, and Pakistan. The most cited authors are Shahbaz M. with 3926 citations, Zingales I. with 3252 citations, and Oztürk I. with 2710 citations. The authors in the top two are also in the top two in terms of total link strength. The analysis shows that key themes such as economic growth, energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and renewable energy have increasingly intersected with financial development, highlighting the growing focus on sustainability. China, Pakistan, and the USA are the most active countries in financial development research, with China leading both in terms of publication count and citations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informal green spaces (IGSs) are vital yet under-researched urban areas that enhance biodiversity, provide ecosystem services, and improve the well-being of urban residents. However, the lack of a consistent definition and comprehensive understanding of their multifunctional roles has hindered their effective integration into urban planning. The current literature review aimed to clarify the concept of IGSs, analyze research trends, and identify further research areas. Using a combined bibliometric and systematic analysis approach, 150 articles from the Web of Science database, published from 1996 to 2024, were analyzed. The systematic analysis identified 54 relevant documents on the effects of green areas, revealing a diverse and growing body of research on IGSs, including their types, distribution, and socioeconomic contexts. The findings indicated an increasing trend in collaborative studies, using "informal green space" as the official term. This review proposed a clear and comprehensive definition of IGS, emphasizing its visibility, lack of formal recognition, minimal management, spontaneous vegetation, and temporary nature and underscoring its substantial environmental and social benefits. Furthermore, this review highlighted the need for standardized definitions and interdisciplinary studies to fully harness the potential of IGSs, thereby emphasizing their essential contribution to urban biodiversity and the regulation of urban microclimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction robots are pivotal in advancing the construction industry towards intelligent upgrades. To further explore the current research landscape in this domain, the CNKI Chinese database and the Web of Science core database were employed as data sources. CiteSpace software (version 6.2R4) was utilized to visualize and the analyze relevant literature on construction robots from 2007 to 2024, generating pertinent maps. The findings reveal an annual increase in the number of publications concerning construction robots. An analysis of institutions and authors indicates closer collaboration among English institutions, while Chinese authors exhibit stronger cooperation. However, overall institutional and author collaboration remains limited and fragmented, with no prominent core group of authors emerging. Research hotspots in both the Chinese and English literature are largely aligned, focusing on intelligent construction, human-robot collaboration, and path planning. Notably, the Chinese literature emphasizes technical aspects, whereas the English literature is more application-oriented. Future trends in the field are likely to include human-robot collaboration, intelligent construction, robot vision technology, and the cultivation of specialized talent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Doxa Comunicación is the property of Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo - CEU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the concept of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) was introduced in 2004, countries worldwide have been promoting sustainable ESG principles. Based on reviewing the literature in the field of ESG between 2006 and 2023, this paper analyses the concept of ESG, its theoretical perspectives and its research areas, and then systematically constructs a detailed architectural map of the development history of ESG and its impact. By sorting out the current status of cooperation and hot topics in the ESG literature, this paper comprehensively explores the latest progress of research in the field of ESG. The study finds that (1) the concept of ESG has been gradually integrated into corporate research and investment frameworks; (2) more than half of the research focus (58.55%) is on the field of business economics; (3) the most common keywords in the ESG literature include. "corporate social responsibility", "impact", "performance." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Performing repetitive tasks on patients' mouths increases the risk of strain-related injuries for dental professionals, ultimately leading to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This umbrella review aims to assess the scope of the MSD problem and identify the most often impacted body parts among dental professionals. A comprehensive search of the literature was performed from inception to March 30, 2024, in PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. This review evaluated systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) of the observational studies that reported the prevalence of MSDs or any form of MSD among dental professionals such as dentists, dental hygienists, or dentistry students. The extracted data were complemented with narrative synthesis. A total of eight SRs and MAs were included in this umbrella review. Five of the eight studies were conducted globally, one in the context of Western countries and two in an Iranian context. Four of the eight studies focused on MSDs in dental practitioners, with prevalence rates ranging from 0.5 to 93%. Four body areas, that is, the neck, the lower and upper back, the shoulders and wrists, and hands were widely exposed to MSDs, with significant prevalence reported across studies. In conclusion, MSDs are common among dental professionals. Consequently, there is a pressing need to implement infrastructural and behavioral ergonomic solutions in the dental profession. However, a major concern arises from the critically low quality of available studies on MSD prevalence in dental professionals. Therefore, more rigorous research adhering to the basic quality criteria is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: An abundance of experimental evidence indicates that icariin (ICA) could potentially exert an anti-tumor effect on ovarian cancer (OC). Nevertheless, the reliability of this evidence remains ambiguous. This study aimed to explore the impact of ICA on OC and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was employed to pinpoint ICA-targeted genes and signaling pathways implicated in OC, utilizing network pharmacology. Subsequently, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from 2001 through June 2023 for in vitro trials evaluating the anti-tumor efficacy of conventional ICA versus placebo in OC. The pathways and genes identified in the literature were recorded, and the therapeutic targets were statistically analyzed and compared with the predicted targets from network pharmacology to confirm the precision of the targets. Results and Discussion: Fourteen target genes were validated with success. The pathways corresponding to the remaining genes—excluding these 14—were analyzed and found to be primarily associated with cell apoptosis, anti-tumor, and other related pathways. Out of the 76 studies retrieved, eight fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The subsequent meta-analysis suggested that ICA treatment was significantly correlated with reduced cell growth and induced apoptosis. This study demonstrated a certain efficacy of ICA compared to placebo in enhancing anti-tumor outcomes, characterized by increased abilities in reducing cell growth and inducing apoptosis. The pathways involved in the therapeutic effect may be linked to cell apoptosis and anti-tumor mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Despite the growing interest in the field, the literature overlooks how supply chains influence or interact with the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To fill this gap, this study aims to assess the influences of Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) on the implementation of the UN SDGs. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review of 97 publications was carried out by using the Web of Science database and the support of ATLAS.ti software. In addition, this research also explored how the top 20 Forbes companies are aligned with the SDGs by analysing their sustainability reports. Findings: The findings suggest that the literature and the analysed companies primarily concentrate on certain SDGs while neglecting others, revealing potential areas of interest for future research. Based on the findings, the study provides valuable insights into the connections between SSCM and the UN SDGs, highlighting the potential benefits of SSCM in reducing environmental, social and economic pressures and contributing to sustainable development. It also identifies areas where further research and policy development are needed to maximise the potential benefits of SSCM. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, no other studies have conducted a comprehensive exploration of the literature linking SSCM and the SDGs framework. Moreover, the study differs from others since it combines research data with practical information from company reports, to identify specific issues related to supply chain management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying treatment for patients with IgE-mediated allergic diseases. Successful AIT can induce long-term immune tolerance to the common allergen, which provides clinical benefits for years after discontinuation. The cytokine interleukin (IL)-10, as a key anti-inflammatory mediator with strong immunoregulatory functions, has drawn increasing attention over the past decades. Areas covered: After an extensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, covering articles published from 1989 to 2024, our review aims to emphasize the key common information from previous reviews on the crucial involvement of IL-10 in allergen immunotherapy (AIT) induced immunological tolerance. In this review, we discuss the regulation of IL-10 expression and the molecular pathways associated with IL-10 function. We also further summarize mechanisms of immune tolerance induced by AIT, especially the indispensable role of IL-10 in AIT. Expert opinion: IL-10 plays an indispensable role in immune tolerance induced by AIT. Understanding the importance of the role of IL-10 in AIT would help us comprehend the mechanisms thoroughly and develop targeted therapeutics for allergic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's highly competitive job market, the employability of graduates holds paramount significance. Employers increasingly demand fundamental competencies and diverse employability skills from the current graduates. Studies have highlighted a noticeable gap between the skills employers seek and graduates' skills upon the completion of their studies. This gap in employability skills significantly impacts graduates, impeding their prospects of securing suitable employment opportunities. The disparities in skills and knowledge have sparked a debate on graduate employability, necessitating further research in this domain. Addressing that, the current study explored research trends, directions, and opportunities related to graduate employability. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on a dataset comprising 2335 journal articles on graduate employability published between 1981 and 2023 in Scopus and Web of Science databases. The results of bibliometric analysis revealed the most influential journal articles based on their publications, citations, and significance in the intellectual network. Through content analysis, this study shed light on the subject's intellectual structure, characterized by four major thematic clusters: (1) the attribution of broader skills to career enhancement; (2) the significance of generic skills (interpersonal, problem‐solving, and communication skills); (3) the need for work‐related training and employer engagement; and (4) the need for improved curriculum design to build adequate human capital. The study concluded with a discussion of practical policy implications, limitations of study, and recommendations for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: COVID-19 developed a sudden onset of smelling disorders. Researchers used self-reported or special tests to study this issue. We aimed to investigate whether quantitative-test smell disorders have a considerable difference from self-reported or not. Methods: We searched 554 studies published between December 2019 to September 2020 by the PICO model. Our search strategies were based on MeSH terms in the electronic databases Web of Science (136 articles), Scopus (84 articles), and PubMed (334 articles). The duplicated articles were excluded, then the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidance were utilized. Finally, we divided the studies into two (self-report (33 articles) and specific-test (9 articles)) groups. Results: 33 (80%) articles expressed olfactory dysfunction by self-report of patients and 9(20%) studies were conducted by a specific test. Only three studies, one in self-report; ((internal reliability, Cronbach α = 0.84) and validity (r = -0.60, p < 0.001)) and two in specific-test groups; ((test-retest r=0.94) and another study (test-retest r >0.7)) conducted validity and reliability. Self-reported studies published a various range of prevalence (20% _97%) in patients with COVID-19. COVID-19 patients with a specific-test group were found to have a primary incidence of anosmia of over 65%, even reaching 98% depending on the types of tests. Conclusion: Self-reporting of COVID-19 detection can be affected by sociodemographic factors. Although self-reported questionnaires are economical and easy to use, standardized tests provide more reliable comparisons and professional assessments. Therefore, standardized tests are recommended for more accurate screening over self-reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]