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Large language models have shown exceptional performance in complex tasks, such as text and visual processing, drawing significant attention from industry and academia. Both the training and inference phases of large language models are heavily reliant on GPU computational power. However, the limited capacity and volatility of GPU memory pose significant challenges in meeting the storage demands during these phases. This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the challenges faced by storage systems in the era of large language models: (1) the data of large language models exhibits a high degree of fragmentation, and sparse semantic representation further reduces storage system efficiency; (2) large language model training and inference demand high data read/write bandwidth, but the high communication overhead associated with data transfer across heterogeneous storage media complicates the expansion of GPU memory using these media; (3) the fault tolerance requirements during large language model training are stringent, yet directly applying CPU-centric fault tolerance techniques incurs prohibitive costs. To address these challenges, existing solutions are summarized from three perspectives: data management, storage expansion, and fault tolerance. Finally, the future development trends of storage systems in the era of large language models are discussed.

Objective To evaluate the effect of integrating fitness qigong into ERAS surgery to improve perioperative psychological health and sleep quality in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods Based on the integration of martial arts and medicine, combined with the theory of fitness qigong and the concept of ERAS, the ERAS Baduancaoe was developed through clinical practice. A Total of 78 patients with gastrointestinal cancer admitted from March 2020 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group of 39 cases and an experimental group of 39 cases using a random number table method. The control group received routine ERAS during the perioperative period, while the experimental group underwent the ERAS Baduancao on this basis. The anxiety status of patients was evaluated using the Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and sleep quality was observed using wearable smart monitoring devices and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scale. The perioperative anxiety status and sleep quality of the two groups of patients were compared. Results There were 9 patients lost to follow-up in the experimental group and 8 patients lost to follow-up in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in SAS and PSQI scores between the two groups of patients before intervention (P>0. 05). The SAS score decreased in both two groups after intervention, and SAS score of patients in the experimental group were lower than that in the control group(P＜0. 05). The results of the two sleep monitoring methods for the two groups of patients were consistent. The overall PSQI score of patients in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group P＜0. 05). The sleep quality monitoring results by intelligent device indicated a superior sleep quality(P＜0. 05) and longer deep sleep duration(P＜0. 01) in the experimental group compared with those in the control group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative falls, anastomotic bleeding, and development of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis between two groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion The implementation of the baduancao exercise to accelerate recovery in patients with gastrointestinal cancer can relieve perioperative anxiety, improve sleep quality, and accelerate recovery, which is safe and feasible, and can be used clinically. (目的 评价健身气功融入加速康复外科改善胃肠癌患者围手术期负性情绪和睡眠质量的效果。方法 基于“武医融合”思想, 结合健身气功理论及加速康复外科理念, 通过江苏省中医院普外科临床护理实践, 形成加速康复八段操。选取2020年3月—6月收治的78例胃肠癌患者为研究对象, 随机数字表法分为对照组39例和试验组39例。对照组围手术期给予常规加速康复外科措施, 试验组在此基础上实施加速康复八段操。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)评估患者焦虑状态, 穿戴式智能监测设备及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表观察睡眠质量, 比较两组患者围手术期焦虑状况及睡眠质量。结果 对照组脱落8例, 试验组脱落9例。最终对照组31例和试验组30例患者纳入统计。干预前, 两组患者SAS、PSQI量表评分差异无统计学意义(P＞0. 05)。干预后, 两组SAS评分较干预前下降, 且试验组SAS评分改善优于对照组, 试验组焦虑程度低于对照组(P＜0. 05)。两组患者PSQI量表和智能手表两种睡眠监测方式结果一致, 干预后试验组PSQI总评分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05); 智能监测睡眠质量试验组优于对照组(P＜0. 05), 其中深睡眠时长试验组优于对照组(P＜0. 01)。术后跌倒、吻合口出血、下肢深静脉血栓等并发症发生率两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0. 05)。结论 胃肠癌患者实施加速康复八段操, 能改善围手术期焦虑状态, 提高睡眠质量, 加速患者康复, 且安全、可行, 值得临床借鉴推广。)

Smart grids utilize advanced communication, information, and control technologies to build a more friendly power supply system. However, the development of technology leads to the increasing complexity of smart meter (SM) data in the power grid, and analyzing SM data becomes difficult. Therefore, in order to realize the effective analysis and forecasting of users’ electricity consumption behavior, an SM data analysis technique integrating the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence is proposed, which contains three major techniques: meter reading systems, load clustering, and load forecasting, and at last the technique is validated. Finally, the technology is validated. The experimental results showed that the average value of the Davis-Balding index for the proposed method combining recursive graphs and convolutional autoencoders was 1.87, which was significantly lower than the average value of 2.35 for other methods. The average value of the Dunn index was 0.086, which was higher than the 0.065 for the comparison method. In the load forecasting model, the model that employs multi-task learning and a gated cycle unit demonstrates superior performance across all comparison schemes, with the lowest average absolute percentage error of 12.90%. This is significantly lower than the comparison model’s 15.35%, which highlights the enhanced efficacy of the proposed model. The study realizes the effective analysis and prediction of consumers’ electricity consumption behavior and provides new ideas and solutions for the optimization and management of smart grids.

Titanium and titanium alloys with surface-prepared coatings have excellent overall performance as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells， but the bare plates will form passivation films with poor electrical conductivity during service， reducing the efficiency of the whole machine. By studying the feasibility of α-corrosion resistant titanium alloy Ti35 （Ti5Ta） and its Al alloying， the electrical conductivity of bare plate was improved on the premise of ensuring corrosion resistance. Using the cluster-type composition design method developed by the group and combing with the highest solid solution degree on the phase diagram， three kinds of Ti-Ta alloys with compositions of Ti-7Ta， Ti-8.3Ta， and Ti-9.6Ta and three kinds of Ti-Al-Ta alloys with compositions of Ti-2.6Al-5.8Ta， Ti-3.8Al-8.6Ta， and Ti-5Al-11.3Ta were designed. The experimental results show that the cathodic current density of the developed alloy is lower than that of the reference alloy TC4 under the simulated cathodic service environment （0.5 mol/L H2SO4+2×10-6 HF） at a constant potential polarization voltage of 0.6 V （vs. SCE） for 4 h. The cathodic current density of the designed alloy is lower than that of the reference alloy TC4， among which the Ti-8.3Ta alloy has the smallest value of 0.72 μA·cm-2. Under 1.5 MPa loading pressure， with the increase of Ta content， the interfacial contact resistance （ICR） value gradually decreases and is better than that of the pure titanium and TC4. The ICR value of Ti-5Al-11.3Ta alloy is the smallest， which is 18.3 mΩ∙cm-2， and its cathodic polarization current density is 0.91 μA·cm-2. In summary， the appropriate addition of Ta and Al can effectively improve the service performance of titanium alloy bipolar plates， and it is expected to realize the preparation of titanium alloy bipolar plate materials without coating.

Objective·To explore the effects and possible molecular mechanisms of nanoplastics (NPs) on severe asthma.Methods·A mouse model of severe asthma was established by using house dust mite (HDM) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) co-stimulation. Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) were instilled into the severe asthma mice′s airways. Subsequently, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected and lung tissue sections were prepared. Flow cytometry, hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, immunohistochemistry, and terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, were used to observe the effects of PS-NPs on airway inflammation, mucus secretion, alveolar structure, and the proliferation and apoptosis of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells (AT2 cells) in severe asthma mice. The CCK-8 assay and Annexin Ⅴ/PI double staining were performed to evaluate the effects of PS-NPs on the proliferation and apoptosis of the mouse AT2 cell line MLE-12. DNA damage in AT2 cells caused by PS-NPs was detected by using anti-γ-H2A.X immunofluorescence staining. The expression of genes in the ATR/Chk1/p53 signaling pathway was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blotting, Tyramide signal amplification (TSA) multiplex immunofluorescence staining, and immunofluorescence co-localization, respectively. The ATR-specific inhibitor Ceralasertib (AZD6738) was administrated to MLE-12 cells in combination with PS-NPs to evaluate the recovery effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis.Results·Flow cytometry revealed that exposure to PS-NPs increased the total number of inflammatory cells and the number of each type of inflammatory cells in the BALF of mice with severe asthma, with a predominance of neutrophils. H-E and PAS staining showed significant increase in airway inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion, as well as disruption of alveolar structure. In vitro, the CCK-8 assay demonstrated significant, dose-dependent inhibition of MLE-12 cell proliferation by PS-NPs. The Annexin V/PI double staining assay indicated a higher apoptosis rate of (56.20±3.84)% in PS-NP-exposed cells compared to (23.22±2.52)% in the control group. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that PS-NPs were phagocytosed by MLE-12 cells and localized around the nucleus. TUNEL staining confirmed enhanced apoptosis in AT2 cells in vivo. The immunofluorescence assay revealed that compared to the control group, the expression of the DNA damage marker γ-H2A.X increased in the experimental group. qPCR, Western blotting, and TSA multiplex staining results showed that PS-NP-induced elevated expression of mRNA and proteins was related to the ATR/Chk1/p53 pathway in MLE-12 cells. Moreover, immunofluorescence co-localization also confirmed the induction of ATR and p53 proteins in AT2 cells in vivo. The ATR-specific inhibitor Ceralasertib partially restored the PS-NP-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and enhancement of apoptosis in MLE-12 cells.Conclusion·NPs exposure leads to DNA damage in AT2 cells, activating the ATR/Chk1/p53 signaling pathway and exacerbating airway inflammation and alveolar damage in mice with severe asthma.

Calcium homeostasis is correlated closely with the occurrence and development of various cancers. The role of calcium homeostasis in prostate cancer has remained unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between transmembrane and crimp-crimp domain 1 (TMCO1) and calreticulin (CALR) in the pathological characteristics of prostate cancer and the mechanism of action on prostate cancer metastasis. Effects of CALR recombinant protein and TMCO1 knockdown on prostate cancer cells were investigated using following methods: cell cloning, Transwell, wound scratch assay, JC-1 assay, Fluo-4 Assay, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) fluorescent probe, mitochondrial fluorescence probe, Western blot and Immunofluorescence. TMCO1 and CALR are overexpressed in prostate cancer and knockdown of TMCO1 significantly inhibited the invasion, migration and cell proliferation. Furthermore, knocking down TMCO1 modulated the intensity of ER probes and mitochondrial fluorescence probes, and affected the levels of intracellular calcium ion and mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, CALR recombinant protein upregulated the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker, Vimentin, Conversely, knockout of TMCO1 significantly reduced the expression of CALR and Vimentin. Knockout of TMCO1 can reverse the effect of CALR recombinant protein, elucidating the pivotal roles of TMCO1 and CALR in the regulation of prostate cancer metastasis through modulation of calcium homeostasis.

Myopia is a serious threat to children's visual health, and high myopia can not only cause vision loss, but also lead to severe complications and even blindness. In recent years, with the rising incidence of myopia and the increasing awareness of myopia, the problem of myopia has been widely concerned. At present, the specific mechanism of the incidence and progression of myopia remains ambiguous, and it is generally believed that the sclera is the effector of myopia. With the development of myopia and axial growth, the structure and function of the eyeball change accordingly. The high rates of axial length growth leads to scleral remodeling and accelerated thinning of the posterior pole sclera. Myopia changes the normal tissue structure and biomechanical properties of the sclera, and the regulation of related gene expression is the key to these changes. With the help of myopia animal models and gene sequencing technology, a large number of researchers have found that scleral extracellular matrix remodeling is closely related to the occurrence and development of myopia. This paper discusses the changes of sclera structure and related genes in the development of myopia. It provides ideas for exploring the mechanism of scleral remodeling in myopia and finding new target of treatment.

At present, there are few deep reduction technologies for endocrine disrupting toxicity(EDCs) in biochemical tailwater treatment, and conventional chlorine disinfection will cause increased biological toxicity, high operating cost and complex operation. In this paper, combining biochemical treatment with catalytic ozone oxidation treatment technology, a method for deep reduction and safe reuse of biochemical tail water endocrine disruption toxicity was proposed. Combined with pilot test results and demonstration projects, a process of “functional bacteria enhanced MBR+ozone catalytic oxidation” was constructed for deep reduction of endocrine disruption toxicity of biochemical tail water. The experimental results showed that the reduction rate of endocrine disruption toxicity in effluent water was 84.51%, and the average concentration was 0.8 ng/L, and the effluent met the requirements of the safety threshold of endocrine disruption toxicity and the safe discharge and reuse of biochemical tail water, it provides reference for the safe discharge and reuse of municipal sewage in the future.

Passive IoT-based positioning systems are low-cost and taggable, making them suitable for scenarios that require the positioning of a large number of targets. Traditional passive IoT positioning is mostly applied to indoor scenarios such as asset management, material tracking. With the emergence of cellular passive IoT, passive IoT positioning technology will have a broader range of applications. On the basis of analyzing the principles and characteristics of different positioning technologies, the latest research progress of passive IoT positioning was introduced, and the passive IoT positioning technologies were summarized into three categories: geometrical measurement-based positioning methods, fingerprint feature-based positioning methods, and imaging technology-based positioning methods, according to their implementation principles. In view of the fact that most of the current research adopted the data obtained under the traditional passive IoT architecture and protocol for localization, the future development direction of passive IoT positioning technology was analyzed from three dimensions: architectures, protocols and data. The aim is to provide new ideas for researching passive IoT positioning technology.

The stereolithography 3D printing technology provides a new technical solution for the preparation of complex structure SiC ceramic parts， but the characteristics of high light absorption and high refractive index of SiC lead to a common problem that printing is difficult to cure. SiO2 with low absorbance and low refractive index was added to SiC ceramic matrix powder as filler to improve the curing property and printing accuracy of SiC ceramic paste. The effects of different amounts of SiO2 on the rheology， stability and curing properties of the slurry and its mechanism were studied. The green body with high precision and good surface quality was prepared by stereolithography 3D printing technology， and the microstructure and properties of the green body were tested and analyzed. The results show that the adding SiO2 to the SiC slurry can reduce the viscosity， improve the stability， and improve the curing property of the slurry. The addition of SiO2 can significantly improve the surface roughness of the SiC green body and make the bending strength increase at first and decrease then.

Damping alloys can dissipate vibration energy into thermal energy through defective motion with high mechanical properties and functional characteristics， which have a great significance in the development and research of aerospace and military fields. There are differences in microstucture between different alloy systems. The types of defects that play a dominant role in damping are different， and the properties of structureal defect （type， density， and movability） are the key factors affecting the damping performance of alloys. The types and characteristics of damping source for different damping alloys systems were summarized from the perspective of defects （plane defects， line defects， and point defects）. The relationship between damping capacity， mechanical properties， and functional properties （corrosion resistance， casting performance， etc.） was reviewed， the development status of various damping alloys was summarized， and then the development laws and differences of damping alloys were concluded. Finally， the research direction of damping alloys is prospected. The single type of damping source will seriously limit the improvement of the material damping capacity. While the design concepts of composite materials and high-entropy alloys allow for the coexistence of multiple damping sources， which produces the coupling effect of multiple damping mechanisms that can realize the two-dimensional expansion of damping capacity， and improve mechanical properties and functionalities. The design concepts will play a significant guide to enhance comprehensive performance of damping alloys.

[Objective] In order to solve the problem of uniformity of ice crystal distribution in the process of ice slurry filling. [Methods] Taking broccoli as the research object, the physical model of packing broccoli in carton was established, and the effects of ice filling speed and ice filling Angle on ice crystal distribution uniformity during the ice filling process were analyzed by CFD simulation, so as to determine appropriate ice filling process parameters. [Results] The ice-filling speed and filling angle significantly impact the uniformity of ice crystal distribution. Both excessively low and high ice-filling speeds were detrimental to achieving uniform ice distribution. Tilting the filling angle results in inadequate coverage of fluidized ice on the upper layers of broccoli within the container. [Conclusion] Maintaining a horizontal angle and an ice-filling speed of 3 m/s yields the most uniform distribution of ice crystals, meeting the pre-cooling requirements for broccoli and enabling a certain duration of low-temperature storage.

Abstract Biowaste-derived carbon materials are a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective way to create valuable materials. Activated carbon can be a supporting material for electrocatalysts because of its large specific surface area and porosity. However, activated carbon has low catalytic activity and needs to be functionalized with heteroatoms, metals, and combinations to improve conductivity and catalytic activity. Ruthenium (Ru) catalysts have great potential to replace bench market catalysts in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) applications due to their similar hydrogen bond strength and relatively lower price. This study reports on the synthesis and characterizations of carbon-supported Ru catalysts with large surface areas (~ 1171 m2 g−1) derived from coffee waste. The uniformly dispersed Ru nanoparticles on the porous carbon has excellent electrocatalytic activity and outperformed the commercial catalyst platinum on carbon (Pt/C) toward the HER. As-synthesized catalyst needed only 27 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2, 58.4 mV dec−1 Tafel slope, and excellent long-term stability. Considering these results, the Ru nanoparticles on coffee waste-derived porous carbon can be utilized as excellent material that can replace platinum-based catalysts for the HER and contribute to the development of eco-friendly and low-cost electrocatalyst materials.

To increase the impulse mechanical strength of alumina, the pore structure of alumina was modified by surface coating. It was found that the impulse mechanical strength of alumina samples coated with aluminum chloride increases from 35 MPa to 51 MPa and the mechanical strength of alumina samples coated with aluminum-based complex increases from 21 MPa to 46 MPa at the calcination temperature range of 100 ℃ to 1100 ℃ by the DL-3 typed impulse mechanical strength test device, while the mechanical strength of uncoated alumina samples increases from 17 MPa to 39 MPa. According to scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, the surface coating of aluminum chloride has little influence on the crystal type of alumina materials after high temperature calcination. At the same time, it can effectively fill the matrix pore of alumina materials, increase the density of the support, and improve the mechanical strength of alumina materials. In addition, compared with the alumina sample coated with aluminum complex, the alumina material coated with aluminum chloride possesses larger surface area and smaller pore size after high temperature calcination. More importantly, the surface of the alumina sample coated with aluminum chloride formed a rough shape after high temperature calcination, which was beneficial to the loading and dispersion of the active metals.

Herpesviruses are common agents in animals of the aquatic environment. They infect many species of fish but only lead to disease in one or two species. Nevertheless, infected fish without clinical symptoms can actively transfer infectious agents to disease-susceptible species. The aim of the study was to identify and prove the natural presence of different herpesviruses.

Recent advancements in protein/enzyme engineering have enabled the production of a diverse array of high-value compounds in microbial systems with the potential for industrial applications. The goal of this review is to articulate some of the most recent protein engineering advances in bacteria, yeast, and other microbial systems to produce valuable substances. These high-value substances include α-farnesene, vitamin B12, fumaric acid, linalool, glucaric acid, carminic acid, mycosporine-like amino acids, patchoulol, orcinol glucoside, d-lactic acid, keratinase, α-glucanotransferases, β-glucosidase, seleno-methylselenocysteine, fatty acids, high-efficiency β-glucosidase enzymes, cellulase, β-carotene, physcion, and glucoamylase. Additionally, recent advances in enzyme engineering for enhancing thermostability will be discussed. These findings have the potential to revolutionize various industries, including biotechnology, food, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is commonly caused by smoking. FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) plays a fundamental role in mitochondrial autophagy and apoptosis in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated BEAS-2B cells. The present study investigated the mechanism of action of FUNDC1 in mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in CSE-treated BEAS-2B cells. The interaction between ubiquitin-specific peptidase 19 (USP19) and FUNDC1 was analyzed using co-immunoprecipitation. Effects of USP19 knockdown and/or FUNDC1 overexpression on the survival, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of BEAS-2B cells treated with 15% CSE were determined. In BEAS-2B cells, CSE inhibited cell survival, promoted apoptosis, increased the expression of USP19 and FUNDC1, increased the ratio of LC3 II to LC3 I (LC3 II/I), and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and TOM20 levels. In CSE-treated BEAS-2B cells, USP19 knockdown reduced FUNDC1 and LC3 II/I, increased the levels of TOM20, improved cell survival, mitochondrial membrane potential, and OCR, and inhibited apoptosis. USP19 deubiquitinates FUNDC1. FUNDC1 overexpression inhibited the effect of USP19 knockdown in CSE-treated BEAS-2B cells. Overall, decreasing USP19 expression alleviates CSE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in BEAS-2B cells by downregulating FUNDC1, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanism of FUNDC1 regulation in COPD.

Objective: In order to solve the problem of complicated state in the process of pre-cooling packaging of fluid ice, it provides a basis for the application of fluid ice in the storage and transportation of fruits and vegetables, fresh-keeping and so on. Methods: Taking broccoli as the research object, the heat transfer model of pre-cooling broccoli with fluidized ice was established. The change of temperature field and ice crystal particles during the process of precooling and storage of broccoli was simulated by CFD. The effects of fluid ice crystal integral number and mass ratio of fluid ice on broccoli precooling and storage temperature were analyzed, and the verification experiment was carried out. Results: The larger the volume fraction of ice crystal, the more uniform the distribution of ice crystal particles and the better the precooling uniformity; When the mass ratio of fluidic ice was 100%, the fluidic ice could meet the requirement of precooling temperature. Conclusion: By adjusting the volume fraction and mass ratio of fluid ice and reducing the redundancy of the upper space inside the packaging, the pre-cooling effect of broccoli can be improved and the storage time can be extended.

Background and purpose: In this manuscript we describe the academic French multicentric molecular analysis platforms including PROFILER, promoted by Centre Léon Berard, and the multicentric personalized medicine trials MOST, MOST Plus and MEGAMOST. Patients/material and methods: MOST, MOST Plus and MEGAMOST comprise 14 cohorts with different targeted agents and immunotherapies. Results and interpretation: PROFILER has recruited 5,991 patients in 10 years, MOST and MOST Plus 875 patients since 2014 and MEGAMOST 172 patients since 2020, and are still ongoing. We provide a description of the local, national and international implications of these initiatives, and we review the results of the sorafenib and olaparib cohorts.

Objective： This study aimed to solve the problems of yellowing, discoloration and quality preservation of broccoli after harvesting. Methods： Broccoli was fumigated with chlorine dioxide gas at different mass concentrations (0,0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg/L) at 23 ℃, and the sensory, color, yelination grade, physiological and biochemical indexes and related browning enzyme activities of broccoli were determined after 0,2,4,6,8 days of storage. Results： Compared with the control group, different mass concentrations of ClO2 could inhibit the mass loss rate, yellowing browning and spoilage of flower buds of broccoli. ClO2 at 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L had a more significant effect on the maintenance of chlorophyll content, color difference a* and b*, and the inhibition of PPO and POD enzyme activities in broccoli. Among them, 0.5 mg/L ClO2 had the best effect on maintaining the color difference value of broccoli flower buds, and the yelination grade was still grade Ⅱ on the 8th day of storage. Simultaneously, it effectively maintained the vitamin C content and delayed the yelination and Browning of flower buds. Conclusion： It is necessary to control the concentration of ClO2 gas in the fumigation treatment of broccoli to obtain the best effect of maintaining the fresh green of broccoli bulbs and extending the shelf life.

C17H19N3O5, triclinic, P1‾$\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 8.3683(3) Å, b = 9.1873(3) Å, c = 11.3782(4) Å, α = 96.553(1)°, β = 108.368(1)°, γ = 92.429(1)°, V = 821.94(5) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0450, wRref(F2) = 0.1175, T = 170 K.

Along with the increase in demand for electricity, dependability requirements for the power supply system also increase. Transformers are the backbone of the electrical system; thus, they must function reliably and safely. In this study, a method based on Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy technology is proposed for assessing the ageing level of insulating oils. Copper-catalysed thermal ageing is applied to four distinct insulating oils at a temperature of 120°C12{0}^{^\circ }{\rm{C}}. The insulating oil ageing peaks are promptly measured using infrared spectroscopy, and the peak area ratios are associated with the interfacial tension and dielectric loss factor. It is observed that the peak area ratio of the ageing peaks and interfacial tension are significantly correlated, and this relationship can be used to determine the ageing condition of the insulating oil. The findings of this study can be used to design sensors for online monitoring of insulating oil quality.

Displacement monitoring method of reservoir dam is a key research topic at present. In order to better display the overall efficiency of horizontal displacement and vertical displacement monitoring, a numerical simulation analysis method of ecological monitoring of small reservoir dam based on the maximum entropy algorithm is proposed. The virtual value is calculated by the maximum entropy algorithm, and the probability distribution function of random variables is obtained. The comprehensive prediction model of ecological monitoring results is constructed by the probability distribution function, and the daily monitoring values of ecological history of small reservoir dams are obtained. The maximum entropy probability density function is used to calculate the initial moment of small reservoir displacement samples, calculate the abnormal probability of the dam, get the maximum entropy probability density, realize the unbiased distribution of simulation values, and complete the dam deformation monitoring of small reservoirs. The simulation experiment is verified by numerical simulation. The results show that this method can effectively monitor the horizontal and vertical displacement of the dam; monitor the water-level hydrograph of pressure pipes at each measuring point; and obtain the changes of ecological runoff, temperature difference, and sediment discharge around the dam of small reservoirs in real time, which provides data guarantee for improving the ecological added value of small reservoirs.

Phenolic resin (PF) was combined with nitrile rubber (NBR) as vulcanizing agent and blend respectively, the effects of PF amount on mechanical properties, damping properties and oil resistance of NBR were studied, and chlorinated paraffin (CP 52) was introduced into it to prepare NBR/PF/CP 52 ternary composites with high damping properties at room temperature. The results showed that PF could significantly broaden the effective damping temperature range of NBR and shift glass transition temperature of NBR to high temperature. Compared with NBR/PF blend, the vulcanizate prepared with PF as vulcanizing agent had better mechanical strength and oil resistance. The tensile strength and tear strength of the vulcanizate with 50 phr (mass) PF were 23.27 MPa and 38.47 MPa respectively, and the mass changerate was only 1.36% after 72 h of hot oil immersion, meeting the requirements of engineering application. CP 52 could further enhance the damping properties of the composite by forming a strong intermolecular van der Waals force with NBR. When m(NBR)/m(PF)/m(CP 52) was 100/50/75, the effective damping temperature range of the composite was -9-45.5 ℃, and the peak value of loss factor was up to 1.48, which had excellent damping properties at room temperature.

Objective To observe the primary tumor of tree shrews and to provide a basis for studying the pathogenesis and prevention of trichoepithelioma.Methods A tumor was discovered in the chest and abdomen of a tree shrew during natural cultivation. The tree shrew was anesthetized, and the tumor was surgically removed. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed on the tumor tissue after paraffin section, and the tumor cells were isolated and cultured by passage. The isolated tumor cells were subcutaneously injected into healthy tree shrews and nude mice. The tumorigenesis of tumor cells in vivo was observed once a day, with nude mice continuously observed for 2 months and tree shrews observed for more than 6 months.Results HE staining showed that the basal cells in the dermis were arranged as a whole, like a string of petals, forming nests and stripe-like structures with clear boundaries. The observation results after magnification revealed that the tumor cells were arranged in a pallisade-like and basal pattern, with deep nuclear staining and minimal cytoplasmic. Immunohistochemical staining showed the high expression of CK protein and low proportion expression of ki-67 protein in tumor cells, as well as the high expression of vimentin and low expressions of Bcl2 and CD10 in tumor cell mesenchyme. The isolated tumor cells grew well in DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and could be cultured by passage, but no tumor formation was observed in healthy tree shrews and nude mice inoculated with tumor cells.Conclusion Combined with the location of the tumor, overall morphology, HE staining, and immunohistochemical results, the thoracoabdominal mass of the tree shrew was diagnosed as a trichoepithelioma.

Qiang religious culture is the result of its adaptation to the natural environment and socio–economic development. The Upper Reaches of Min River has been the main inhabiting district of the Qiang ethnic group in China. Based on the construction of the resource system for Qiang religious culture, this study quantitatively illustrated the cognitive characteristics of this culture in the basin and the main factors influencing its regional differentiation using statistical methods, Moran’s I method, Getis-Ord Gi* method, and the Geo-detector model. The results suggested that the respondents’ cognitive degree (RCD) in relation to the religious culture in the study area was 0.258 ± 0.031, and the cognitive degrees for religious buildings, supplies, literature, and beliefs were as follows: religious literature (0.332) > religious supplies (0.287 ± 0.076) > religious buildings (0.222 ± 0.037) > religious beliefs (0.193 ± 0.023). This result was mainly related to the dissemination methods of religious cultural elements, the status of their preservation, and changes in the production and lifestyle of the people. Furthermore, the respondents’ cognition presented significant regional differentiation characteristics. Two natural factors, namely, humidity and elevation, were the major ones that influenced cognitive regional differentiation with influences values of 0.293 and 0.280, respectively. Elevation and average night light index exhibited significant correlations with cognition (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the influence was enhanced when various factors interacted with one another. This study contributes to the quantitative research on the sustainable development of the Qiang religious culture and national culture inheritance.

The traditional motor fault diagnosis method based on the audio signal is insufficient to obtain the feature information of the motor audio signal and the fault diagnosis precision is not high. In order to solve the above problems, a mine motor fault diagnosis method based on optimized variational mode decomposition (VMD) and convolutional neural network CNN bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) is proposed. The whale algorithm (WOA) optimized VMD is used to decompose the motor audio signal to address the issues of modal aliasing and endpoint effects. The motor audio signal is decomposed into K intrinsic mode functions (IMF). After Pearson correlation coefficient screening, the 13-dimensional static MFCC feature parameters of the main IMF component are extracted. In order to obtain the dynamic features of the signal, the first and second-order difference coefficients of the 13-dimensional static MFCC are extracted to form a 39-dimensional feature vector. By combining dynamic and static features, the performance of fault diagnosis can be improved. In order to improve the precision of fault diagnosis, a BiLSTM layer is introduced into the CNN. The CNN extracts local features of the audio signal in the spatial dimension. The BiLSTM preserves bidirectional time series information of the audio signal in the temporal dimension. It captures long-distance dependencies of the audio signal, thereby maximizing the preservation of global and local features. The experimental results show the following points. ① Each IMF component of VMD decomposition has an independent center frequency and uniform distribution, and exhibits sparsity in the frequency domain. It can effectively avoid modal aliasing problems. In IMF solving, VMD decomposition avoids endpoint effects in empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) through mirror extension. ② The fault diagnosis accuracy based on 13-dimensional static MFCC features is 97.5%. The fault diagnosis accuracy based on 39-dimensional dynamic and static MFCC features is 1.11% higher than that based on 13-dimensional static MFCC features. ③ The accuracy of the diagnostic model based on CNN-BiLSTM reaches 98.61%, which is 5.83%, 4.17%, and 3.89% higher than the current universal diagnostic models CNN, BiLSTM, and CNN-LSTM, respectively.

Pneumonia is one of the most common infectious diseases, and although considerable progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia, it is still associated with high mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and significant medical expenditures. Epigenetic modifications are heritable changes in gene expression without altering the DNA sequence, including DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA and RNA modification, which are involved in regulating gene expression at multiple levels, including DNA, histone, and transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. A growing number of studies have suggested that epigenetic regulation may play a central role in the initiation and progression of pneumonia by regulating the immune function. Following the infection with pathogens in the lungs, epigenetic modification can affect the occurrence and progression of pneumonia in different individuals by regulating the inflammatory and immune response, including the development and differentiation of various immune cells, the recognition and transduction of infection signals, and the production of cytokines and anti-pathogen effector molecules. By summarizing recent studies on epigenetic modification of immunity in pneumonia, this review elucidates the key role that epigenetic modification of immunology plays in the initiation and progression of pneumonia, as well as its potential application to clinical diagnosis and therapeutic targets in the treatment of pneumonia, providing a sound theoretical basis for further research.

This study was envisaged to identify a strain of bacteria isolated from the gill of mandarin fish. Identification and characterization of the bacterial strain were performed using morphological characteristics, growth temperature, physiological and biochemical tests, antibiotic sensitivity tests, artificial infection tests, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing homology analysis. The results showed that the bacterium was Gram-negative, with flagella at the end and the side. The bacterium exhibited a light brownish-gray colony on the Luria-Bertani culture and white colony on the blood agar plate without hemolytic ring. Normal growth was achieved at 42°C, and growth could be delayed in 7% NaCl broth medium. By homology comparison and analysis, the phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA7.0, and the bacterium was preliminarily identified as Achromobacter. The antibiotic sensitivity test showed that the strain was sensitive to piperacillin, carbenicillin, cefoperazone, cefazolin, ofloxacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, amikacin, neomycin, erythromycin, minocycline, doxycycline, polymyxin B, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and other drugs. However, it was resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, ceftriaxone, cefradine, cefalexin, cefuroxime sodium, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, vancomycin, compound sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, medimycin, and furazolidone.

[Objective] Carbon emissions from industrial production are the most important source of carbon emissions from production activities in China. The purpose of this study was to measure the carbon emission quantity and intensity of industrial production energy consumption, explore their regional differences and influencing factors, and provide corresponding policy recommendations for carbon emission reduction to help achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality. [Methods] The regional differences, dynamic changes, and influencing factors of national and regional carbon emissions from 2005 to 2019 were analyzed using carbon emission classification, Dagum Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation, and spatial econometric models. [Results] (1) The quantity of carbon emissions from industrial energy consumption showed an increasing trend from 2005 to 2019. Carbon emission quantity was eastern region>central region>western region, then changed to eastern region>western region>central region. Carbon emission intensity showed a downward trend. The order of carbon emission intensity from high to low was always the western region, the central region, and the eastern region. (2) The overall differences of carbon emission quantity and intensity across the country were large and showed an upward trend, among which, the overall Gini coefficient of carbon emission quantity increased from 0.3793 in 2005 to 0.3861 in 2019, and the overall Gini coefficient of carbon emission intensity increased from 0.3160 in 2005 to 0.3990 in 2019. The eastern region had the largest intra-regional difference in carbon emission quantity, and the average Gini coefficient was 0.4119. The western region had the largest intra-regional difference in carbon emission intensity, and the average Gini coefficient was 0.3175. (3) Carbon emission quantity of industrial production energy consumption was mainly affected by industrial structure and foreign direct investment, and carbon emission intensity was mainly affected by foreign direct investment and scientific and technological innovation. In addition, high urbanization rate significantly increased carbon emissions in the eastern region, while significantly reduced carbon emissions in the western region, showing regional differences. [Conclusion] There were significant regional differences in carbon emissions from industrial production energy consumption, and there were obvious differences in the dynamic change characteristics of regional carbon emissions. The use of spatial econometric model can better identify the influencing factors and spatial effects of carbon emissions in the country and the three regions, which is of great significance for taking corresponding measures to reduce carbon emissions according to local conditions.

With the increasing scale and complexity of power systems, it is gradually difficult for the traditional central control system to meet the control and management needs of the new power systems. In this paper, a control strategy based on multi-terminal information fusion is proposed to fuse and integrate the information from different control nodes to form a global new power system control strategy. A hierarchical cluster-based control node organization is also proposed to organize the control nodes according to function and hierarchy to realize the cooperative control and maximum power point tracking of the new power system. Finally, the effectiveness of the effect of the cooperative control strategy is verified by modeling and simulating the cooperative control network of the new power system. The simulation results show that the charge frequency fluctuation range is stable in [46.38Hz, 55.15Hz] for all three scenarios, which is only 0.02Hz away from the lower limit of the set allowable frequency fluctuation range [46.35Hz, 56.38Hz], indicating that the cooperative control strategy stabilizes the charge frequency fluctuation within the effective range. Therefore, this paper achieves further exploration of the optimization and improvement of the new power system cooperative control network, which achieves more efficient, stable, and reliable power system control and management.

Currently, high penetration distributed power generation group control technology makes it difficult to effectively regulate complex power grids. Therefore, on the ground of the division of distributed photovoltaic power generation clusters, this study proposes a dual-layer control model for distribution networks that integrates the cuckoo particle swarm algorithm and verifies its effectiveness. The experiment showcases that the standard deviations of the research algorithm on the four benchmark functions under the 50 dimension are 2.95e-02, 6.73e+02, 6.48e-04, and 6.45e-06, respectively, most of which are lower than the comparison algorithm. On the basis of connecting to the photovoltaic system, the voltage amplitude fluctuation of the double-layer control model designed through research using control algorithms is relatively small, basically maintaining around 1.05. In addition, after implementing control in practical applications, the actual line loss of the distribution network decreased from the maximum of 15.3% to 8.9%, meeting the line loss requirements of the actual distribution network, indicating the effectiveness of the double-layer control model.

In this paper, firstly, the load monitoring characteristics of new energy power consumption are studied and analyzed in terms of both steady-state and transient characteristics, and suitable characteristic values are selected for different types as the basis of load decomposition. A comparative analysis of various types of load imprints is conducted to highlight the advantages of steady-state harmonic features as load monitoring feature data. Then, an evaluation model of the demand response potential of electricity information collection is established based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, and technical and economic analysis of electricity information collection is carried out to evaluate the response potential of power companies collecting customer data. Finally, the situation and benefits of collecting electricity consumption information for new energy power are analyzed. The daily maximum load moments of typical users are all cut by more than 10%, the peak load portion cut by more than 97% is also more obvious, and the maximum moments of valley filling response are all more than 11%. D Power saved a total of 3.759 billion yuan in labor costs by reducing labor costs by 400 million yuan after adopting electricity consumption information collection. The indices of excellent and qualified management benefit and social benefit evaluation of electricity consumption information collection are above 0.8. Overall, the benefits of electricity consumption information collection for new energy power with basic steady-state harmonic characteristics are significant and effective.

In order to further reduce the errors arising in synchronous sampling, this paper designs a multi-channel hybrid sampling electrical parametric feature modeling method based on an AIOT sensing module in the process of design. The AIOT sensing module is used to process the received RF signals using a transconductance amplifier to improve the digitization and reconfigurability of the RF front-end circuit. The signal is transformed and calculated using the Fast Fourier Transform to obtain electrical parameters such as the amplitude of each harmonic and the power factor. The results show that the variation amplitude of the window function of the design method in this paper is generally maintained between -1.5 and 1.5, the amplitude accuracy of the active power rate is within 3.17555%, and the relative error accuracy is within 0.000951%. It can be seen that the AIOT-based sensing module can significantly improve the calculation accuracy of electrical parameters and can be applied to the process of sampling digital measurements of other power signal characteristics.

The steady-state characteristic parameters of the loads are used to identify new energy grid-connected loads using an event-based network analysis method in this paper. The analysis of interdependence among elements is done by studying the element layer and special structure of the network analysis method. Using the principle of limit relative ranking vector calculation, the supermatrix and weighting matrix of the ANP element layer are constructed, and the basic steps of ANP model weights are determined. The ANP-based load monitoring algorithm is evaluated by combining the load identification accuracy with the F-value. The results show that event detection algorithms are generally more than 70% accurate. 17 out of 18 times of identifying load events of computers can be correctly identified with an accuracy rate of 89.37%, 9 out of 10 times of identifying fluorescent lamps with an accuracy rate of 89.98%, and 14 out of 15 times of identifying microwave ovens with an accuracy rate of 92.75%. The new energy grid-connected load can also be detected by combining the harmonic content rate. The harmonic content rates when the desktop computer was turned on were 93.04%, 86.67%, 60.16%, 61.76%, and 23.46%, respectively. This study helps to improve the accuracy of new energy grid-connected load monitoring.

To address the issue that large-scale distributed Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell grid-connected operation status is difficult to effectively monitor, this study carried out clustering screening of Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell grid connected status variables. The digital twin model of the Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell group grid connection is established by using key important variables, and the digital model accurately reflects the real-time operation status of the Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell. Then, it predicts the operation status of the Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell. The experiment showcases that the optimal accuracy of fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm, K-means clustering algorithm and fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm in view of the objective function for clustering screening of grid-connected state quantity of Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell is 0.74, 0.65 and 0.59 respectively; The optimal recall rates are 0.84, 0.76, and 0.68, respectively; The optimal F-measure values are 0.78, 0.70, and 0.64, respectively. Among the three clustering analysis algorithms, the fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm, in view of the objective function, has the shortest running time and the least memory consumption. The monitoring results are basically consistent with the actual situation, indicating that this design method can complete the task of monitoring the operating status of distributed power grid-connected equipment. This study’s proposed method is more accurate than conventional methods and is better suited for monitoring the grid connection status of distributed power systems.

In this paper, for the visual image shaping of folk culture elements in city branding, the intelligent extraction technology of digital image with image pre-processing, color space conversion, and color extraction as the three core modules is proposed. In terms of image preprocessing, spatial domain filtering is used as a means to explore the two main algorithms of linear filtering and nonlinear filtering, and in the color space conversion module, the RGB color space is converted to the CIE Lab color space with the help of CIE XYZ color. The color map extraction module uses Python language to construct the color collocation relationship network using K-means and color adjacency matrix visualization. Finally, the quantitative experiment on the effect of the city brand visual image that integrates the elements of folk culture is carried out, and 65 city brand visual image samples are quantitatively analyzed, while the AMOS model is applied to test the city brand visual image.

In this paper, the performance of offshore wind turbine structures under long-period wave impacts is investigated, and a numerical model of long-period waves is developed to simulate the wave motion and fluid seepage in the pore medium by using the VARANS equation with the OlaFlow solver, and various turbulence models such as the model, RNG model, and the VOF method is applied to capture free surfaces, which can accurately simulate wave generation, propagation, reflection, breaking, and fluid seepage in the pore medium. These methods can accurately simulate the wave generation, propagation, reflection, breaking, and fluid seepage in the pore medium, and the accuracy of the numerical simulation is verified by comparing the results with those of the physical experiment. The results show that the wind farm exhibits good impact toughness under the influence of long period waves, and its overturning stability and slip stability are better than the safety coefficient required by the specification.

Ambient temperature changes have a nonlinear effect on infrared SF6 gas sensors, which leads to SF6 gas leakage and affects the normal operation of equipment. In this paper, based on the infrared differential detection technology and Lambert-Beer law for quantitative detection, a dual-channel pyroelectric detector is constructed for detection and analysis by using 3.75μm the measurement filter and 10.85μm the reference filter. In order to eliminate the nonlinear effect of the temperature change of the detection environment on the infrared gas sensor, a temperature compensation model based on the GA-WNN fusion algorithm is proposed to compensate the measurement error due to the temperature change of the detection environment by using its good nonlinear mapping as well as generalization ability. The experimental results showed that the maximum measurement error decreased from 333.93 ppm without temperature compensation to 80 ppm after temperature compensation in the range of detecting ambient temperature of 15-4°C and SF6 gas concentration of 0-2000 ppm. This method eliminates the need for additional external equipment to maintain the gas chamber temperature in dynamic equilibrium, thus avoiding an increase in the size of the gas sensor itself and the cost of fabrication. Compared to the traditional compensation method, this method does not require solving the fitting parameters sequentially and determining the temperature compensation coefficients segmentally. This reduces the amount of calculation and simplifies the process of temperature compensation, resulting in an excellent compensation effect.

In this study, the properties of seawater volcanic scoria aggregate concrete (SVAC)-filled circular stainless steel (SFCST) and glass fibre-reinforced plastic (GFRP) tubes (SFCGT) were investigated. Ten groups were considered and 30 specimens were prepared, including four different parameters: the concrete type (SVAC and ordinary concrete [OC]), outer tube type (GFRP and stainless steel tubes), concrete strength (C30 and C40), and tube thickness (0, 3, and 4 mm). The typical influences of the SVAC and outer tube on the mechanical properties of specimens were then analysed. The research findings show that the strength and ductility of the SFCGT and SFCST are significantly higher than those of plain SVAC. The peak strain and strength enhancement factor of the SFCGT and SFCST increase with an increase in the tube thickness, and the concrete strength has a detrimental impact on the toughness of the specimen. Unlike in the confined OC specimens, a sudden decrease is observed in the stress–strain curves of the SFCGT and SFCST owing to the changes in the deformability of the SVAC. Generally, the strengths of the SFCGT and SFCST specimens are 10.3% lower and 4.1% higher than those of the confined OC specimens, respectively. Finally, analytical models of the strength and stress–strain curves considering the influences of the SVAC and passive confinement were established, and numerical simulations were performed to provide a basis for the practical application of the SFCGT and SFCST.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a green and environment-friendly sodium alginate/starch/tea powder composite membrane. Methods: Tea polysaccharides with different mass fractions were added to the sodium alginate/starch/tea powder composite film to investigate the influence of tea polysaccharides on the properties of sodium alginate/starch/tea powder composite film. Therefore, full infrared barrier, color difference, water solubility, water vapor permeability, tensile strength, elongation at break, thickness, water content, free radical clearance and bacteriostasis were measured. Results: A strong interaction between tea polysaccharides and sodium alginate were found. The composite film with tea polysaccharide content of 5% exhibited the best comprehensive performance. The best bacteriostatic performance was observed when the tensile strength, elongation at break, water vapor permeability were 9.71 MPa, 25.42%, and 2.38×10-9 g·mm/(cm2·d·Pa), respectively. The antioxidant activity of the composite membrane increased with the increase of the amount of tea polysaccharide added, with a maximum of 85.49%. Conclusion: Tea polysaccharides can improve physicochemical properties, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the composite membrane. When the mass fraction of tea polysaccharides was 5.00%, the composite membrane had the best mechanical, moisture, and antibacterial properties.

Abstract This study presents a submodule capacitor voltage self‐balancing method for modular multilevel converters (MMCs) based on switching state matrix construction, which has an advantage over eliminating massive sensor demanding and alleviating computational burden for a large number of submodules. It is mathematically proved that MMC has only one static equilibrium operating point to which the submodule capacitor voltages will converge naturally by the evaluation of capacitor voltage deviation index. A novel switching state matrix of submodules is constructed off‐line according to the mathematical proof, and the switching state vectors are cyclically selected from the matrix and distributed to the switching gate signals among the submodules to realize capacitor voltage self‐balance, avoiding real‐time capacitor voltage sampling and sorting. The proposed method is compatible with the conventional double closed‐loop control of MMCs. Theoretical conclusions are verified by simulations and experiments.

Cholesterol stimulates inflammation and affects the normal function of islet tissues. However, the precise mechanism underlying the effects of cholesterol on islet cells requires clarification. In this study, we explored the role of cholesterol in glucose utilization in pancreatic cells. Beta-TC-6 cells and mice were treated with cholesterol. We used glucose detection kits to identify the glucose content in the cell culture supernatant and mouse serum and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect insulin levels in the serum. Glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 2 (G6PC2), 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), 94 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP94), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1 (casp1), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expression levels were detected using immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Hematoxylin–eosin staining was used to detect the histological alterations in pancreatic tissues. Cholesterol decreased beta-TC-6 cell glucose utilization; enhanced pancreatic tissue pathological alterations; increased glucose and insulin levels in mouse serum; increased G6PC2, GRP78, GRP94, and NLRP3 expression levels; and elevated casp1 and pro-IL-1β cleavage. Cholesterol can attenuate glucose utilization efficiency in beta-TC-6 cells and mice, which may be related to endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of fractional micro ablative laser combined with estriol cream in the treatment of postmenopausal mild to moderate stress urinary incontinence（SUI）. Methods Postmenopausal patients（220 cases） with mild to moderate SUI in Sichuan Jinxin Women & Children Hostipal and the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu from January 2020 to January 2022 were randomly divided into the control group（n=110） and the study group（n=110）. The patients in the control group were treated with fractional micro ablative laser, while the patients in the study group was additionally given estriol cream. The patients were followed up for 6 months. The clinical efficacy, 1h urine leakage, urinary incontinence symptom score, quality of life score, selfrating anxiety scale（SAS）, selfrating depression scale（SDS） score, endometrial thickness changes and adverse reactions were compared between two groups. Results One patient was lost to followup in control group. Compared with control group, the total effective rate was higher（84.55% vs 73.39%, P＜0.05）, the 1h urine leakage was less ［（1.96±0.78）g vs （2.56±1.14）g， P＜0.05］, the quality of life score was higher, the scores of urinary incontinence symptoms, SAS and SDS were lower （P＜0.05） in the study group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions and endometrial thickness during treatment and followup （P＞0.05）. Conclusion Fractional micro ablative laser combined with estriol cream in the treatment of mild to moderate postmenopausal SUI can improve the effective rate and the quality of life of patients, relieve anxiety and depression, have long treatment intervals, convenience and high safety.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Liuzijue combined with inspiratory muscle training on lung function, exercise endurance and quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsA total of 60 patients with COPD in the rehabilitation department of the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2020 to June 2021 were randomly divided into control group, inspiratory muscle training group and Liuzijue combined with inspiratory muscle training group (combined group), with 20 cases in each group. The control group received routine drug treatment and rehabilitation training, including rehabilitation training 30 minutes a time, once a day, five days a week, lasting for eight weeks. The inspiratory muscle training group received the inspiratory muscle training on the basis of the control group, 20 minutes a time, once a day, five days a week, lasting for eight weeks. On the basis of the inspiratory muscle training group, the combined group received "six character formula" training of fitness Qigong, 30 min a time, once a day, five days a week, lasting for eight weeks. Before treatment and after eight weeks of treatment , the percentage of forced breathing in the first second (FEV1%pred) and the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) were used to evaluate the patient's lung function; 6 minutes walking test (6MWT) was used to evaluate the patient's exercise tolerance; COPD assessment test (CAT) was used to evaluate the quality of life of patients.ResultsCompared with those before treatment, the FEV1%pred, MIP and 6MWT of all three groups increased significantly after treatment, CAT score decreased significantly after treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P1%pred, MIP and 6MWT of the inspiratory muscle training group and the combined group were significantly higher after treatment, and the CAT score was significantly lower, and the differences were statistically significant (P1%pred, MIP, and 6MWT of the combined group were significantly higher after treatment (PP

Purpose: To investigate the hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effects of Angelica dahurica polysaccharide (ADP). Methods: The contents of neutral sugar, total glyoxylate and total protein, molecular mass and monosaccharide composition of ADP were determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method, the sulfuric acid-carbazole method, the Coomassie brilliant blue method, high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced in rats by high-fat and high-sucrose diet feeding combined with injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Five groups of rats were set up: blank control, model, low-dose ADP (200 mg/kg mb), high-dose ADP (400 mg/kg mb), and positive control (200 mg/kg mb metformin). The rats in the blank control and model groups were gavaged with distilled water. After four weeks of administration, body mass, fasting blood sugar (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycogen levels were measured, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe hepatic histopathological changes, and commercial kits were used to determine lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and liver function indexes. Results: ADP had the following composition: (83.26 ± 0.67)% neutral sugar, (8.32 ± 1.25)% glyoxylate, and (0.64 ± 0.07)% protein, and its molecular mass was 10.28 × 103 Da. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that ADP consisted of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, glucuronide acid and galacturonic acid with a molar ratio of 0.09:0.45:0.43:1.00:0.05:0.53:0.08. ADP significantly increased body mass, blood glucose, FINS and glycogen levels of T2DM rats (P < 0.01), significantly decreased FBG and HOMA-IR (P < 0.01), improved liver histopathology, and significantly improved lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and liver function indexes (P < 0.01). Conclusion: ADP has hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effects, probably through regulating abnormal lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.

Objective: Construction of a simple and rapid method for the analysis of ganoderic acid A （GAA）. Methods: The molecular imprinted polymer （MIP） that can specifically recognize ganoderic acid A （GAA） were prepared by cyclic voltammetric deposition using GAA as template molecule and o-phenylenediamine as functional monomer. The structure, morphology and electrochemical behavior of MIP were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical methods. Using [Fe（CN）6]3-/4- as the active indicator, the analytical performance of the sensor for GAA was investigated. Porous MIP for GAA can be prepared on the electrode surface by one-step electropolymerization. Results: The results of quantitative analysis showed that the electrochemical signal of [Fe（CN）6]3-/4- had a good linear relationship with the logarithm of GAA concentration in the range of 1.0 pmol/L～1.0 μmol/L, and the detection limit was 0.21 pmol/L. The measured values of GAA in ethanol and water-soluble solution of Ganoderma lucidum powder were 1.15 nmol/L and 3.00 pmol/L, respectively. Conclusion: The MIP-based GAA electrochemical sensor can be used for the rapid determination of GAA in extract solution of Ganoderma lucidum powder.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of Xiaoyusan new formula on the articular cartilage of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rabbits and its mechanism.MethodsA total of 42 New Zealand white rabbits aged 6 months were randomly divided into normal group, model group, ointment of Xiaoyusan group, and ointment of Xiaoyusan new formula group, with 10 rabbits in each group (the other 2 rabbits were used for model validation). Except for the normal group, the right knee joints of all rabbits in the other groups were prepared as KOA models according to the modified Hulth method. After 5 weeks of molding, the rabbits in ointment of Xiaoyusan group, ointment of Xiaoyusan New Formula group were given corresponding ointments for knee arthritis treatment, once a day, each time for 10 hours. After 2-week continuous administration and treatment, the knee joint cartilage of the four groups of rabbits was taken and the cartilage damage of each group was evaluated by Outerbridge grading method. The pathological changes of the cartilage, calcified layer and subchondral bone of the knee joint of rabbits in each group were observed by HE staining method under the light microscope, and the degree of cartilage degeneration was evaluated by Mankin's method. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) in the cartilage of rabbit knee joint in each group was deteced by immunohistochemistry. Results After the general observation of articular cartilage, the Outerbridge grading showed that the number of high-grade animals in ointment of Xiaoyusan group was reduced compared with the model group (P

Objective The relationship between catheter tip location and catheter-associated venous thrombosis was analyzed by retrospectively summarizing the clinical data of 60 breast cancer patients with implantable venous access port placement. Methods The clinical data of 60 breast cancer patients treated in the Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery from May 2020 to December 2021 after chest wall placement of implantable venous access port were collected, and the relationship between the position of catheter tip and the occurrence of catheter-related venous thrombosis was analyzed. Results Among 60 breast cancer patients, 15 and 45 patients were treated via left internal jugular vein or right internal jugular vein, respectively. A total of 20 patients (33. 33%) developed catheter-related venous thrombosis, including 6 cases (40. 00%) in left internal jugular vein and 14 cases (31. 11%) in right internal jugular vein (χ2 =0. 40, P=0. 542. The catheter tip was located in superior vena cava, which was lower than the junction level between superior vena cava and right atrium (group A) in 25 cases (T4 or T5 vertebral body level), and there were 14 cases (56. 00%) with catheter related venous thrombosis. There were 35 cases (T7 or T8 vertebral body level) with the catheter tip at the junction between superior vena cava and right atrium (group B), and 6 cases (17. 14%) had thrombus catheter related vein, there was a significant difference between group A and group B (χ2=9. 90, P=0. 002)Conclusion Catheter-related vein thrombosis is one of the more common postoperative complications of implantable venous access port placement. There was no significant difference in the incidence of catheter-related vein thrombosis between access via left side of the internal jugular vein and the right internal jugular vein. However, the catheter tip location could influence the incidence of catheter-related vein thrombosis, and lower incidence of catheter-related vein thrombosis was associated the catheter tip location at junction level between superior vena cava and right atrium. (目的 通过对 60 例乳腺癌患者输液港导管尖端位置的临床资料回顾性总结, 分析导管尖端位置与导管相关性静脉血栓形成的关系。方法 收集 2020 年 5月—2021 年 12 月就诊于湘西自治州人民医院乳腺、甲状腺外科60例乳腺癌患者安装胸壁静脉输液港后的临床资料, 分析输液港导管尖端位置与导管相关性静脉血栓发生情况的关系。结果 60例乳腺癌患者采用左侧颈内静脉或右侧颈内静脉置港化疗的人数分别为 15例 和45 例。共有 20 (33. 33%)例患者发生导管相关静脉血栓, 其中左侧颈内静脉6(40. 00%)例, 右侧颈内静脉 14(31. 11%)例, 差异无统计学意义(χ2=0. 40, P=0. 542)。导管尖端位于上腔静脉内, 低于上腔静脉与右心房交界水平以上(T4或T5椎体水平)者25例(A组), 其中有导管相关静脉血栓者14(56. 00%)例; 导管尖端位于上腔静脉与右心房交界水平(T7或T8椎体水平)者35例(B组), 其中有血栓导管相关静脉血栓者6(17. 14%)例, 差异有统计学意义(χ2 =9. 90; P=0. 002)。结论 导管相关静脉血栓是静脉输液港术后较常见的并发症, 经左侧颈内静脉和右侧颈内静脉安装输液管, 其导管相关静脉血栓发生率无明显差异, 但输液港导管尖端位置对导管相关静脉血栓发生率产生较明显的影响, 其导管尖端位置位于上腔静脉与右心房交界水平者血栓发生概率较小。)