198 results on '"W.Y. Cheung"'
Search Results
2. Do whey protein-derived peptides have dual dipeptidyl-peptidase IV and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activities?
- Author
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Isabelle M.E. Lacroix, Guangtao Meng, Imelda W.Y. Cheung, and Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan
- Subjects
Angiotensin I-converting enzyme ,Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV ,Whey protein hydrolysates ,Bioactive peptides ,Dual inhibitors ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Inhibition of dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) are useful strategies for managing, respectively, diabetes and hypertension, two conditions often occurring together. In this study, debittered and non-debittered whey protein hydrolysates (WPHs) were assessed for their in vitro inhibitory activity against ACE and DPP-IV and characterized for their constituent peptides. All WPHs and several fractions obtained from them had ACE and DPP-IV inhibitory activities, with ACE being generally more strongly inhibited than DPP-IV. Among the identified peptides tested, GYGGVSLPEW derived from α-lactalbumin and LKPTPEGDLE from β-lactoglobulin were, respectively, the most effective at inhibiting ACE (IC50 = 2 µM) and DPP-IV (IC50 = 42 µM). Although some identified peptides were able to inhibit both enzymes, the majority did not show a dual inhibitory effect. This research provides new insight on the active peptides responsible for the ACE and DPP-IV inhibitory activities of whey protein hydrolysates.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Effect of ultrasound pre-treatment on formation of transglutaminase-catalysed soy protein hydrogel as a riboflavin vehicle for functional foods
- Author
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Hao Hu, Xinrong Zhu, Tan Hu, Imelda W.Y. Cheung, Siyi Pan, and Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan
- Subjects
Soy protein ,High intensity ultrasound ,Transglutaminase ,Riboflavin ,Controlled release ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
High intensity ultrasound (HIU) treated soy protein isolate (SPI) and non-HIU-treated SPI were cross-linked by transglutaminase to form hydrogels. SDS-PAGE showed that HIU increased the amount of high molecular weight aggregates, likely due to the formation of ε-(γ-glutamyl) lysine bonds. Moreover, HIU pretreatment increased the hydrophobic nature of transglutaminase gels as demonstrated by FT-Raman. HIU changed the 3D-network structure of transglutaminase induced SPI gel with riboflavin (TSGR). Furthermore, 40 min HIU increased gel yield, riboflavin encapsulation efficiency and gel strength of TSGR. HIU decreased swelling and protein erosion of TSGR in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. It also resulted in reduced riboflavin release rate and altered the release mechanism in simulated gastrointestinal fluids both in the absence and presence of digestive enzymes. In conclusion, HIU may facilitate covalent cross-linking, increase hydrophobicity and change the 3D network of TSGR, leading to differences in hydrogel stability, as well as riboflavin encapsulation and release profiles.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. 118P Real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes among high risk, early stage HER2-negative breast cancer (BC) patients in Alberta, Canada
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J-W. Henning, D.J. Boyne, D.R. Brenner, S. Shokar, D. Granados, A. Parackal-Rochard, and W.Y. Cheung
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Published
- 2023
5. Eat Well & Keep Moving: An Interdisciplinary Elementary Curriculum for Nutrition and Physical Activity
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Lilian W.Y. Cheung, Hank Dart, Sari Kalin, Brett Otis, Steven L. Gortmaker and Lilian W.Y. Cheung, Hank Dart, Sari Kalin, Brett Otis, Steven L. Gortmaker
- Published
- 2015
6. Effective risk management strategy prevented severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission in three private hospitals in Hong Kong throughout the pandemic
- Author
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Wing Hong Seto, Patricia T.Y. Ching, Andy M.W. Leung, August W.M. Fok, Shing Cheung, Eddie W.Y. Cheung, Clara D. K. Kwok, Kenneth H.L. Tsang, and Benjamin J. Cowling
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,Epidemiology ,Letter to the Editor - Published
- 2021
7. EP08.01-004 Pattern of Subsequent Treatment and Outcomes in Relapsed PD-L1 high NSCLC Pre-treated with Pembrolizumab
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A. Elegbede, W.Y. Cheung, A. Gibson, A. Box, G. Bebb, and A. Pabani
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology - Published
- 2022
8. Persistence in a tropical transition zone? Sargassum forests alternate seasonal growth forms to maintain productivity in warming waters at the expense of annual biomass production
- Author
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Rhyn W.Y. Cheung-Wong, Jonne Kotta, Deevesh A. Hemraj, and Bayden D. Russell
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Sargassum ,Environmental Chemistry ,Biomass ,Seasons ,Forests ,Seaweed ,Pollution ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Ecosystem - Abstract
Macroalgal forests provide productivity and biomass that underpins the function of many coastal ecosystems globally. The phenology of forests is seasonally driven by environmental conditions, with the environment-productivity relationship understood for most coastlines of the world. Climatic transition zones, however, have characteristics of temperate and tropical regions, creating large fluctuations in environmental conditions, and potentially limiting productivity and the persistence of macroalgal forests. The response of a forest-forming, dimorphic seaweed (Sargassum hemiphyllum) to seasonal temperature and light conditions in a rapidly warming tropical-temperate transitional zone (Hong Kong) was quantified by measuring in situ growth, net primary productivity (NPP), respiration, and photosynthetic potential. These physiological responses of S. hemiphyllum were then experimentally tested in response to changing temperatures (16.5-27 °C) and irradiances (20, 110, and 300 μmol m
- Published
- 2022
9. Neuroprotective Effect of β-secretase Inhibitory Peptide from Pacific Hake (Merluccius productus) Fish Protein Hydrolysate
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Imelda W.Y. Cheung, You-Jin Jeon, Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan, Ju-Young Ko, Hee-Guk Byun, and Jung Kwon Lee
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Fish Proteins ,Protein Hydrolysates ,Peptide ,Hydrolysate ,Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Amyloid precursor protein ,Animals ,Humans ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,IC50 ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Dipeptide ,biology ,Transfection ,Gadiformes ,Neuroprotective Agents ,Enzyme ,Neurology ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Sephadex ,biology.protein ,Neurology (clinical) ,Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ,Peptides - Abstract
Background: Various methodologies have been employed for the therapeutic interpolation of the progressive brain disorder Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, β-secretase inhibition is significant to prevent disease progression in the early stages. Objective: This study seeks to purify and characterize a novel β-secretase inhibitory peptide from Pacific hake enzymatic hydrolysate. Methods: A potent β-secretase inhibitory peptide was isolated by sequential purifications using Sephadex G-25 column chromatography and octadecylsilane (ODS) C18 reversed-phase HPLC. A total of seven peptides were synthesized using the isolated peptide sequences. SH-SY5Y cells stably transfected with the human ‘‘Swedish’’ amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutation APP695 (SH-SY5YAPP695swe) were used as an in-vitro model system to investigate the effect of Leu-Asn peptide on APP processing. Results: The β-secretase inhibitory activity (IC50) of the purified peptide (Ser-Leu-Ala-Phe-Val-Asp- Asp-Val-Leu-Asn) from fish protein hydrolysate was 18.65 μM and dipeptide Leu-Asn was the most potent β-secretase inhibitor (IC50 value = 8.82 µM). When comparing all the seven peptides, the inhibition pattern of Leu-Asn dipeptide was found to be competitive by Lineweaver-Burk plot and Dixon plot (Ki value = 4.24 µM). The 24 h treatment with Leu-Asn peptide in SH-SY5Y cells resulted in reducing the β-amyloid (Aβ) production in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Therefore, the results of this study suggest that β-secretase inhibitory peptides derived from marine organisms could be potential candidates to develop nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals as antidementia agents.
- Published
- 2019
10. 1536P Synthetic control arm (SCA) analysis of lurbinectedin compared to the standard of care (SoC) among patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy
- Author
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D.J. Boyne, H. Shakir, O. Joe-Uzuegbu, D. Dawe, A. Pabani, E. Farah, C. Baratta, W.Y. Cheung, and D. Brenner
- Subjects
Oncology ,Hematology - Published
- 2022
11. EP14.04-001 Treatment and Outcomes of Patients with Limited-Stage Small-cell Lung Cancer in the Canadian SCLC Database (CASCADE)
- Author
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S.M. Moore, L.J. Zhan, G. Liu, R. Rittberg, D. Patel, D. Chowdhury, B. Leung, S. Cheng, M. Mckinnon, K. Khan, S. Snow, A.S. Fung, D. Dawe, W.Y. Cheung, J. Agulnik, M. Yan, V. Cohen, P. Wheatley-Price, C. Ho, and B.H. Lok
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology - Published
- 2022
12. EP08.02-013 Prognostic Utility of the ALI (Advanced Lung Index) in Crizotinib-Treated ALK and ROS1Fusion-Positive NSCLC
- Author
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A. Gibson, M. Dean, A.J. Elegbede, A. Pabani, G.J. Bebb, and W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology - Published
- 2022
13. EP03.01-016 The Canadian Small Cell Lung Cancer Database (CASCADE): Results from a Multi-Institutional Real-World Evidence Collaboration
- Author
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S.M. Moore, L.J. Zhan, G. Liu, R. Rittberg, D. Patel, D. Chowdhury, B. Leung, S. Cheng, M. Mckinnon, K. Khan, J. Agulnik, A.S. Fung, W.Y. Cheung, S. Snow, D. Dawe, V. Cohen, M. Yan, C. Ho, B.H. Lok, and P. Wheatley-Price
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology - Published
- 2022
14. EP08.02-112 Precision Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Has a Profound Impact on Outcomes in a Canadian Province
- Author
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M.L. Dean, A.J.W. Gibson, A.A. Elegbede, R.A. Tudor, A. Box, C.R. Chambers, A. D'Silva, C. Ford-Sahibzada, W.Y. Cheung, and D.G. Bebb
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology - Published
- 2022
15. EP14.05-020 Population-based Outcomes for Patients with Extensive-Stage Small-cell Lung Cancer from the Canadian SCLC Database (CASCADE)
- Author
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S.M. Moore, L.J. Zhan, G. Liu, R. Rittberg, D. Patel, D. Chowdhury, B. Leung, S. Cheng, M. Mckinnon, K. Khan, J. Agulnik, W.Y. Cheung, D. Dawe, A.S. Fung, S. Snow, V. Cohen, M. Yan, B.H. Lok, P. Wheatley-Price, and C. Ho
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Oncology - Published
- 2022
16. 51P Testing patterns and outcomes of different EGFR-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in a Canadian real-world setting
- Author
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D.J. Boyne, T. Jarada, A. Yusuf, D.E. O'Sullivan, L.X.Y. Hu, D.R. Brenner, E. Abbie, J.B. Rose, K. Eaton, E.M. Ewara, and W.Y. Cheung
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Oncology ,Hematology - Published
- 2022
17. 45P Pembrolizumab versus best supportive care survival outcomes in ECOG performance status 2 NSCLC patients
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A. Elegbede, A. Pabani, A.J. Gibson, and W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
Oncology ,Hematology - Published
- 2022
18. 82P Exploring treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with advanced lung cancer (aLC) using artificial intelligence (AI)-extracted data
- Author
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W.Y. Cheung, C. Farrer, L. Darwish, C. Pettengell, and E.L. Stewart
- Subjects
Oncology ,Hematology - Published
- 2021
19. Facilitating Change in School Health: A Qualitative Study of Schools’ Experiences Using the School Health Index
- Author
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S. Bryn Austin, ScD, Teresa Fung, ScD, Adena Cohen-Bearak, MPH, Kacey Wardle, and Lilian W.Y. Cheung, ScD
- Subjects
public health ,chronic disease ,prevention ,school health ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
IntroductionAs school-based efforts increase to address the epidemic of childhood obesity, a priority for health professionals and educators will be to identify effective tools appropriate for use in schools to help guide health promotion programs and policies. This article describes the results of a qualitative research study examining school staff and community members’ experiences working with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s School Health Index, a self-assessment and planning tool that addresses nutrition and physical activity.MethodsIn-depth interviews were carried out with faculty, staff, and community collaborators in nine public schools that were using the School Health Index to develop nutrition and physical activity initiatives for students. Interviews were conducted twice: once after a school had completed the School Health Index and once approximately 1 year later. Transcript data from interviews with 34 participants were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsFindings indicated that school experiences differed markedly depending on whether they received help from an outside facilitator to work with the School Health Index. Unlike staff in schools working on their own, school staff working with outside facilitators described completing the School Health Index in a collaborative way, creating action plans, and working as a team to implement health promotion initiatives. In addition, the involvement of an outside facilitator supported schools in undertaking more complex tasks with a greater degree of collaboration across the school and local communities in order to achieve goals.ConclusionOutside facilitators may significantly enhance schools’ efforts to work with the School Health Index and influence the organizational strategies they use to implement health promotion initiatives.
- Published
- 2006
20. Enzymatic production of protein hydrolysates from steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) skin gelatin as inhibitors of dipeptidyl-peptidase IV and angiotensin-I converting enzyme
- Author
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Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan and Imelda W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
food.ingredient ,Ultrafiltration ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Gelatin ,Dipeptidyl peptidase ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,food ,Enzymatic hydrolysis ,Gelatin hydrolysate ,TX341-641 ,Angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory activity ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Proteolytic enzymes ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,040401 food science ,In vitro ,Ultrafiltration (renal) ,Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitory activity ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Rainbow trout ,Food Science - Abstract
The objective of this study was to generate protein hydrolysates with dual in vitro inhibitory activities against dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE), by proteolytic enzymes acting either individually or sequentially on steelhead skin gelatin. The results showed strong dual bioactivity in the low molecular weight (
- Published
- 2017
21. 1470P Urban-rural differences in outcomes of patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancers
- Author
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T. Abedin, W.Y. Cheung, Shiying Kong, and J. Peng
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Oncology ,business.industry ,Family medicine ,Medicine ,Hematology ,business - Published
- 2020
22. Do whey protein-derived peptides have dual dipeptidyl-peptidase IV and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activities?
- Author
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Imelda W.Y. Cheung, Isabelle M. E. Lacroix, Guangtao Meng, and Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Whey protein ,animal structures ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,Hydrolysate ,Dipeptidyl peptidase ,03 medical and health sciences ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Renin–angiotensin system ,TX341-641 ,Bioactive peptides ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Chemistry ,Whey protein hydrolysates ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Angiotensin I converting enzyme ,Angiotensin I-converting enzyme ,040401 food science ,In vitro ,Dual inhibitors ,3. Good health ,Enzyme ,Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV ,Biochemistry ,Food Science - Abstract
Inhibition of dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) are useful strategies for managing, respectively, diabetes and hypertension, two conditions often occurring together. In this study, debittered and non-debittered whey protein hydrolysates (WPHs) were assessed for their in vitro inhibitory activity against ACE and DPP-IV and characterized for their constituent peptides. All WPHs and several fractions obtained from them had ACE and DPP-IV inhibitory activities, with ACE being generally more strongly inhibited than DPP-IV. Among the identified peptides tested, GYGGVSLPEW derived from α-lactalbumin and LKPTPEGDLE from β-lactoglobulin were, respectively, the most effective at inhibiting ACE (IC 50 = 2 µM) and DPP-IV (IC 50 = 42 µM). Although some identified peptides were able to inhibit both enzymes, the majority did not show a dual inhibitory effect. This research provides new insight on the active peptides responsible for the ACE and DPP-IV inhibitory activities of whey protein hydrolysates.
- Published
- 2016
23. Effect of ultrasound pre-treatment on formation of transglutaminase-catalysed soy protein hydrogel as a riboflavin vehicle for functional foods
- Author
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Siyi Pan, Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan, Tan Hu, Hao Hu, Xinrong Zhu, and Imelda W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Tissue transglutaminase ,Riboflavin ,Lysine ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,medicine ,Controlled release ,TX341-641 ,Food science ,Soy protein ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,High intensity ultrasound ,biology ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,040401 food science ,Transglutaminase ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Self-healing hydrogels ,biology.protein ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom ,Food Science - Abstract
High intensity ultrasound (HIU) treated soy protein isolate (SPI) and non-HIU-treated SPI were cross-linked by transglutaminase to form hydrogels. SDS-PAGE showed that HIU increased the amount of high molecular weight aggregates, likely due to the formation of e-(γ-glutamyl) lysine bonds. Moreover, HIU pretreatment increased the hydrophobic nature of transglutaminase gels as demonstrated by FT-Raman. HIU changed the 3D-network structure of transglutaminase induced SPI gel with riboflavin (TSGR). Furthermore, 40 min HIU increased gel yield, riboflavin encapsulation efficiency and gel strength of TSGR. HIU decreased swelling and protein erosion of TSGR in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. It also resulted in reduced riboflavin release rate and altered the release mechanism in simulated gastrointestinal fluids both in the absence and presence of digestive enzymes. In conclusion, HIU may facilitate covalent cross-linking, increase hydrophobicity and change the 3D network of TSGR, leading to differences in hydrogel stability, as well as riboflavin encapsulation and release profiles.
- Published
- 2015
24. PS1043 OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED OR REFRACTORY ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA: A POPULATION-BASED REAL-WORLD STUDY
- Author
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Kiersten Schwann, C. Westcott, Joseph Brandwein, Alkarim Billawala, Jessica A. Kurniawan, Dimas Yusuf, Michelle Geddes, F.F. Liu, Lalit Saini, and W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Refractory ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Myeloid leukemia ,Hematology ,Population based ,business - Published
- 2019
25. Effect of high intensity ultrasound on physicochemical and functional properties of aggregated soybean β-conglycinin and glycinin
- Author
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Siyi Pan, Imelda W.Y. Cheung, Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan, and Hao Hu
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,Chromatography ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Chemistry ,business.industry ,General Chemical Engineering ,High intensity ,Ultrasound ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Chemistry ,040401 food science ,03 medical and health sciences ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Emulsion ,Side chain ,Particle size ,Solubility ,business ,Protein secondary structure ,Food Science ,β conglycinin - Abstract
The effects of high intensity ultrasound treatment (HUS; 20 kHz at 400 W for 5, 20 or 40 min) on aggregated soybean β-conglycinin (7S) and glycinin (11S) fractions were investigated in this study. HUS decreased turbidity and particle size of 7S in 0.05 M Tris–HCl buffer at pH 7.0, while it increased surface hydrophobicity (H0), solubility, emulsifying activity (EAI) and emulsion stability (ESI). Similarly, HUS of soybean 11S decreased turbidity while increasing EAI but it had minimal effects on particle size and ESI. The SH groups of both 7S and 11S fractions decreased after HUS. HUS did not change 7S or 11S secondary structure, but it slightly increased the percentage of high molecular-weight aggregates under non-reducing SDS-PAGE, and changed the microenvironment of aromatic and aliphatic side chains as observed by Raman spectroscopy of freeze-dried samples. These findings on physicochemical changes of 11S and especially of 7S proteins induced by HUS treatment may contribute to improved applications of soy proteins in food products.
- Published
- 2015
26. Texture, rheology and meltability of processed cheese analogues prepared using rennet or acid casein with or without added whey proteins
- Author
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Bartosz Sołowiej, Imelda W.Y. Cheung, and Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan
- Subjects
Viscosity ,Whey protein ,Chromatography ,Rheology ,Chemistry ,Casein ,Rennet ,Food science ,Texture (crystalline) ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Protein concentration ,Food Science - Abstract
The objective of this work was to examine the texture, viscosity, rheological properties and meltability of processed cheese analogues prepared using only acid casein (AC) or rennet casein (RC) at 11, 12 or 13% concentration, or using 10% AC or RC plus 1, 2 or 3% whey protein concentrate 80 or isolate. Hardness, adhesiveness and viscosity generally increased while meltability decreased with protein concentration. RC samples were harder but less cohesive than AC samples, and adding whey proteins to RC samples caused greater adhesiveness compared with AC samples. The temperature of decreasing loss tangent and the transition temperature differed between AC and RC samples. All AC samples but only 11% RC samples exhibited good meltability. These distinct properties observed in the current study may provide an approach to control textural/rheological properties and meltability by using the appropriate casein and whey preparations at the proper concentration.
- Published
- 2014
27. Eat Well & Keep Moving : An Interdisciplinary Elementary Curriculum for Nutrition and Physical Activity
- Author
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Lilian W.Y. Cheung, Hank Dart, Sari Kalin, Brett Otis, Steven L. Gortmaker, Lilian W.Y. Cheung, Hank Dart, Sari Kalin, Brett Otis, and Steven L. Gortmaker
- Subjects
- Exercise--Study and teaching (Elementary), Nutrition--Study and teaching (Elementary)
- Abstract
In North America obesity continues to be a problem, one that extends throughout life as children move into adolescence and adulthood and choose progressively less physical activity and less healthy diets. This public health issue needs to be addressed early in childhood, when kids are adopting the behaviors that they will carry through life. Eat Well & Keep Moving, Third Edition, will help children learn physically active and nutritionally healthy lifestyles that significantly reduce the risk of obesity, heart disease, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, and other diseases. BENEFITS This award-winning evidence-based program has been implemented in all 50 states and in more than 20 countries. The program began as a joint research project between the Harvard School of Public Health (currently the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health) and Baltimore Public Schools. In extensive field tests among students and teachers using the program, children ate more fruits and vegetables, reduced their intake of saturated and total fat, watched less TV, and improved their knowledge of nutrition and physical activity. The program is also well liked by teachers and students. This new edition provides fourth- and fifth-grade teachers with the following: • Nutrition and activity guidelines updated according to the latest and best information available • 48 multidisciplinary lessons that supply students with the knowledge and skills they need when choosing healthy eating and activity behaviors • Lessons that address a range of learning outcomes and can be integrated across multiple subject areas, such as math, language arts, social studies, and visual arts • Two new core messages on water consumption and sleep and screen time along with two new related lessons • A new Kid's Healthy Eating Plate, created by nutrition experts at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, that offers children simple guidance in making healthy choices and enhances the USDA's MyPlate Eat Well & Keep Moving also offers a web resource that contains numerous reproducibles, many of which were included in the book or the CD-ROM in previous editions. A separate website, www.eatwellandkeepmoving.org, provides detailed information for food service managers interested in making healthful changes to their school menus; this information includes recipes, preparation tips, promotional materials, classroom tie-ins, and staff training. The web resource also details various approaches to getting parents and family members involved in Eat Well & Keep Moving. A Holistic ApproachEat Well & Keep Moving is popular because it teaches nutrition and physical activity while kids are moving. The program addresses both components of health simultaneously, reinforcing the link between the two. And it encompasses all aspects of a child's learning environment: classroom, gymnasium, cafeteria, hallways, out-of-school programs, home, and community centers. Further, the material is easily incorporated in various classroom subjects or in health education curricula. Eight Core Principles Central to its message are the eight core Principles of Healthy Living. Those principles—at least one of which is emphasized in each lesson—have been updated to reflect key targets as defined by the CDC-funded Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration partnership. These are the principles:
- Published
- 2016
28. Associations of Food Stamp Participation With Dietary Quality and Obesity in Children
- Author
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Walter C. Willett, Lilian W.Y. Cheung, Dariush Mozaffarian, Helen H. Jensen, Marion Nestle, Susan B. Foerster, Elena E. Hoffnagle, Susan J. Blumenthal, and Cindy W. Leung
- Subjects
Male ,Adolescent ,Cross-sectional study ,Saturated fat ,Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program ,Article ,Childhood obesity ,film.subject ,Young Adult ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Humans ,Obesity ,Child ,Poverty ,Food Stamp Program ,business.industry ,Odds ratio ,Nutrition Surveys ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,film ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Population study ,Female ,Food Assistance ,business ,Nutritive Value - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine if obesity and dietary quality in low-income children differed by participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly the Food Stamp Program. METHODS: The study population included 5193 children aged 4 to 19 with household incomes ≤130% of the federal poverty level from the 1999–2008 NHANES. Diet was measured by using 24-hour recalls. RESULTS: Among low-income US children, 28% resided in households currently receiving SNAP benefits. After adjusting for sociodemographic differences, SNAP participation was not associated with a higher rate of childhood obesity (odds ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71–1.74). Both SNAP participants and low-income nonparticipants were below national recommendations for whole grains, fruits, vegetables, fish, and potassium, while exceeding recommended limits for processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, saturated fat, and sodium. Zero percent of low-income children met at least 7 of 10 dietary recommendations. After multivariate adjustment, compared with nonparticipants, SNAP participants consumed 43% more sugar-sweetened beverages (95% CI: 8%–89%), 47% more high-fat dairy (95% CI: 7%, 101%), and 44% more processed meats (95% CI: 9%–91%), but 19% fewer nuts, seeds, and legumes (95% CI: –35% to 0%). In part due to these differences, intakes of calcium, iron, and folate were significantly higher among SNAP participants. Significant differences by SNAP participation were not evident in total energy, macronutrients, Healthy Eating Index 2005 scores, or Alternate Healthy Eating Index scores. CONCLUSIONS: The diets of low-income children are far from meeting national dietary recommendations. Policy changes should be considered to restructure SNAP to improve children’s health.
- Published
- 2013
29. Public support for policies to improve the nutritional impact of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
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Walter C. Willett, Susan J. Blumenthal, Lilian W.Y. Cheung, Michael W. Long, and Cindy W. Leung
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Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Decision Making ,MEDLINE ,Nutritional Status ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Federal spending ,Public opinion ,Choice Behavior ,Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program ,Article ,Nutrition Policy ,Food Preferences ,Young Adult ,Environmental health ,Humans ,Policy Making ,Poverty ,Aged ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Data Collection ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Food assistance ,Nutritional status ,Middle Aged ,United States ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Public Opinion ,Female ,Food Assistance ,Business ,Public support - Abstract
ObjectiveTo determine public attitudes towards federal spending on nutrition assistance programmes and support for policies to improve the nutritional impact of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).DesignParticipants answered survey questions by telephone assessing support for SNAP spending and proposed programme policy changes.SettingUSA.SubjectsSurvey of 3024 adults selected by random digit dialling conducted in April 2012, including 418 SNAP participants.ResultsA majority (77 %; 95 % CI 75, 79 %) of all respondents supported maintaining or increasing SNAP benefits, with higher support among Democrats (88 %; 95 % CI 86, 90 %) than Republicans (61 %; 95 % CI 58, 65 %). The public supported policies to improve the nutritional impact of SNAP. Eighty-two per cent (95 % CI 80, 84 %) of respondents supported providing additional benefits to programme participants that can only be used on healthful foods. Sixty-nine per cent (95 % CI 67, 71 %) of respondents supported removing SNAP benefits for sugary drinks. A majority of SNAP participants (54 %; 95 % CI 48, 60 %) supported removing SNAP benefits for sugary drinks. Of the 46 % (95 % CI 40, 52 %) of SNAP participants who initially opposed removing sugary drinks, 45 % (95 % CI 36, 54 %) supported removing SNAP benefits for sugary drinks if the policy also included additional benefits to purchase healthful foods.ConclusionsThe US public broadly supports increasing or maintaining spending on SNAP. The majority of respondents, including SNAP participants, supported policies to improve the nutritional impact of SNAP by restricting the purchase of sugary drinks and incentivizing purchase of healthful foods with SNAP benefits.
- Published
- 2012
30. Enhanced detection of hydrogen sulfide generated in cell culture using an agar trap method
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Laurie B. Hovde, Jie Zhou, Henning Schröder, Reena V. Kartha, and Belinda W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
food.ingredient ,Hydrogen sulfide ,Sodium ,Biophysics ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,food ,Spectrophotometry ,Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ,medicine ,Humans ,Sulfites ,Agar ,Cysteine ,Hydrogen Sulfide ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,Molecular Biology ,Incubation ,Cells, Cultured ,Chromatography ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Cystathionine gamma-Lyase ,Cell Biology ,In vitro ,Acetylcysteine ,Cell culture ,Biological Assay ,Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ,Methylene blue - Abstract
Lack of reliable methods to accurately measure hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) produced in vitro has impeded research on the physiology of this gaseous mediator. Current in vitro methods involve measurement of H(2)S in cell culture media following incubation with H(2)S-releasing compounds. However, this method is inaccurate because H(2)S gas has a short life and thus evades detection. To overcome this, we have adapted a method that employs a modified agar layer to instantly trap H(2)S, allowing measurement of H(2)S accumulated with time. The amount of H(2)S trapped in the agar is quantified using an in situ methylene blue assay. We were able to detect H(2)S produced from sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS) added at concentrations as low as 10 μM. Following a 24-h incubation of endothelial-like or vascular smooth muscle cells with 50 μM NaHS, we were able to recover twice more H(2)S than conventional methods. When H(2)S-releasing compounds L-cysteine and N-acetylcysteine were added to the cell culture, the amount of H(2)S increased in a concentration-, time-, and cell line-dependent manner. In conclusion, we have developed an improved method to quantify H(2)S generated in vitro. This method could be used to screen compounds to identify potential H(2)S donors and inhibitors for therapeutic use.
- Published
- 2012
31. Torsional Mechanics of the Left Ventricle in Patients After Surgical Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
- Author
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Sophia J. Wong, Yiu-fai Cheung, Xue-cun Liang, and Eddie W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Heart Ventricles ,Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional ,Torsion, Mechanical ,Volume overload ,Diastole ,Speckle tracking echocardiography ,Cohort Studies ,Young Adult ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Postoperative Period ,Child ,Tetralogy of Fallot ,Ejection fraction ,business.industry ,Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures ,Torsion (mechanics) ,General Medicine ,Mechanics ,medicine.disease ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Ventricle ,Case-Control Studies ,Cardiology ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that alteration of left ventricular (LV) torsional mechanics occurs in patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and is associated with right ventricular (RV) volume overload and changes in LV configuration. Methods and Results: Fifty-five TOF patients aged 19.0±8.1 years and 27 age-matched healthy controls were studied. The LV and RV volumes were measured using 3-dimensional echocardiography while LV geometry was quantified by the diastolic eccentricity index (EI). The LV peak systolic torsion and systolic twisting and diastolic untwisting velocities were determined by speckle tracking. Compared with controls, patients had significantly greater RV end-systolic (P
- Published
- 2011
32. Influences of arc current on composition and properties of MgO thin films prepared by cathodic vacuum arc deposition
- Author
-
Changxi Zheng, Daoyun Zhu, Zhenhui He, Yi Liu, Lishi Wen, Mingdong Wang, W.Y. Cheung, and Dihu Chen
- Subjects
Arc (geometry) ,Materials science ,Cathodic arc deposition ,Analytical chemistry ,General Materials Science ,Atomic ratio ,Vacuum arc ,Current (fluid) ,Thin film ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Deposition (law) ,Cathodic protection - Abstract
MgO thin films with high optical transmittances (more than 90%) were prepared by cathodic vacuum arc deposition technique. With the increase of arc current from 40 to 80 A, the deposition pressure decreases and the film thickness increases; the atomic ratio of Mg/O in MgO thin films (obtained by RBS) increases from 0.97 to 1.17, giving that deposited at 50 A most close to the stoichiometric composition of the bulk MgO; the grains of MgO thin films grow gradually as shown in SEM images. XRD patterns show that MgO (1 1 0) orientation is predominant for films prepared at the arc currents ranged from 50 to 70 A. The MgO (1 0 0) orientation is much enhanced and comparable to that of MgO (1 1 0) for films prepared at the arc current of 80 A. The secondary electron emission coefficient of MgO thin film increases with arc current ranged from 50 to 70 A.
- Published
- 2010
33. Real-world comparative effectiveness of nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (nab-P/G) vs FOLFIRINOX (FFX) in patients (pts) with advanced pancreatic cancer (aPC)
- Author
-
Elena G. Chiorean, S.-E. Al-Batran, George P. Kim, Guido Giordano, and W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,FOLFIRINOX ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Gemcitabine ,Internal medicine ,Pancreatic cancer ,medicine ,In patient ,business ,Nab-paclitaxel ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2018
34. PGI15 - HEALTHCARE RESOURCE UTILIZATION (HCRU) IN METASTATIC OR UNRESECTABLE GASTRIC OR GASTROESOPHAGEAL JUNCTION CANCER PATIENTS RECEIVING SECOND-LINE TREATMENT
- Author
-
David Gómez-Ulloa, W.Y. Cheung, L. Nuria, Alfredo Falcone, Ian Chau, Smita Kothari, Mayur Amonkar, and John Zalcberg
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Second line treatment ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Cancer ,Gastroesophageal Junction ,medicine.disease ,Internal medicine ,Health care ,medicine ,business ,Resource utilization - Published
- 2018
35. Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity and bitterness of enzymatically-produced hydrolysates of shrimp (Pandalopsis dispar) processing byproducts investigated by Taguchi design
- Author
-
Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan and Imelda W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Protease ,Chromatography ,biology ,Chemistry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Phenylalanine ,General Medicine ,Fractionation ,Enzyme assay ,Hydrolysate ,Analytical Chemistry ,Shrimp ,Enzyme ,stomatognathic system ,Enzymatic hydrolysis ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Food Science - Abstract
The importance of water-to-substrate ratio, protease type, percent enzyme and incubation time on hydrolysates produced from shrimp processing byproducts was investigated using Taguchi’s L 16 (4 5 ) experimental design. Protease type significantly ( p IC 50 = 100–200 μg/ml and 70 μg/ml, respectively), accompanied by high yield, high DH and strong bitterness. Furthermore, ACE inhibition was positively correlated ( r 2 = 0.87) with bitterness of the hydrolysates. Fractionation by size-exclusion chromatography revealed that the bitter substances, which also showed strong ACE inhibition, were
- Published
- 2010
36. Meta-Analysis of Pulmonary Valve Replacement After Operative Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
- Author
-
Eddie W.Y. Cheung, Wilfred Hang-Sang Wong, and Yiu-fai Cheung
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Ventricular Dysfunction, Right ,QRS complex ,Internal medicine ,Pulmonary Valve Replacement ,medicine ,Humans ,Postoperative Period ,Child ,Tetralogy of Fallot ,Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ,Pulmonary Valve ,Ejection fraction ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,Stroke Volume ,Stroke volume ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Treatment Outcome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pulmonary valve ,Anesthesia ,Ventricular Function, Right ,Cardiology ,sense organs ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
The present meta-analysis aimed to determine the outcomes and effect on right ventricular (RV) function of surgical pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. The reported outcomes of surgical PVR in children and adults after tetralogy of Fallot repair were from relatively small observational studies. The PubMed database was searched from its inception to April 2009. Observational studies reporting on the following outcomes measures after surgical PVR were reviewed: early and late all-cause mortalities, the redo-PVR rate, and changes in the indexed RV volumes, ejection fraction, and QRS duration after PVR. Of the 305 citations screened, 15 met the criteria and were analyzed. The pooled early mortality rate (n = 595) was 2.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1% to 4.0%). The late mortality rate was 0.5%/patient-year (95% CI 0.2% to 0.8%/patient-year), and the redo-PVR rate was 1.9%/patient-year (95% CI 1.3% to 2.5%/patient-year). Data on RV volumes and ejection fractions were available from 5 studies (n = 141). The pooled mean difference in the indexed RV end-diastolic and end-systolic volume was -63 ml/m(2) (95% CI -55 to -72) and -37 ml/m(2) (95% CI -30 to -45), respectively. No significant changes in the pooled mean difference of the RV ejection fraction (95% CI -1% to 3%) or QRS duration (95% CI -10 to 1 ms) were observed. In conclusion, surgical PVR in patients after tetralogy of Fallot repair has been associated with low early and late mortality and significant decreases in RV volumes but no changes in the RV ejection fraction or QRS duration.
- Published
- 2010
37. Impact of Right Ventricular Dilation on Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation in Patients After Surgical Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
- Author
-
Xue-cun Liang, Yiu-fai Cheung, Wendy W.M. Lam, and Eddie W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Systole ,Heart Ventricles ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine ,Right ventricular dilation ,Muscle hypertrophy ,Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ,Sex Factors ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,In patient ,Child ,Tetralogy of Fallot ,Surgical repair ,Exercise Tolerance ,Ejection fraction ,Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Stroke Volume ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,medicine.disease ,Echocardiography ,Case-Control Studies ,Circulatory system ,Exercise Test ,Cardiology ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is 1 of the major determinants of late adverse clinical outcomes in patients after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that LV myocardial deformation is impaired in patients after TOF repair and related to right ventricular (RV) dilation and exercise capacity. Longitudinal, radial, and circumferential LV myocardial deformation was determined using speckle-tracking echocardiography in 23 postoperative patients with TOF and compared to that of 23 age-matched controls. Relations between LV strain and strain rate (SR) and RV volumes and exercise parameters were determined in patients. Compared to controls, patients had reduced global LV longitudinal, radial, and circumferential strain (all p values0.05). Patients with significantly increased RV end-systolic volume (2 SDs higher than normal; n = 17) had reduced global LV circumferential strain (p = 0.048) and SR (p = 0.038), but similar longitudinal and radial speckle-tracking echocardiographic parameters, compared to those without (n = 6). RV end-systolic volume was correlated inversely with global LV circumferential strain and SR (r = -0.58, p = 0.004, and r = -0.58, p = 0.005, respectively), while RV end-diastolic volume was correlated only with global LV circumferential strain (r = -0.43, p = 0.047). In patients, the LV ejection fraction was correlated with global LV circumferential strain (r = 0.54, p = 0.01) and SR (r = 0.66, p = 0.001) but not with longitudinal or radial speckle-tracking echocardiographic parameters. Using multivariate analysis, global LV circumferential SR (beta = 0.66, p = 0.001) and male gender (beta = 0.46, p = 0.012) were identified as independent predictors of peak oxygen consumption. In conclusion, the negative impact of RV dilation on LV function relates to its influence on LV circumferential strain and SR in patients after TOF repair.
- Published
- 2009
38. Pacific Hake (Merluccius Productus) Hydrolysates as Cryoprotective Agents in Frozen Pacific Cod Fillet Mince
- Author
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Andrea M. Liceaga, Imelda W.Y. Cheung, and Eunice C.Y. Li-Chan
- Subjects
Quality Control ,Cryoprotectant ,Food Handling ,Protein Hydrolysates ,Hydrolysate ,Pacific hake ,Merluccius ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cryoprotective Agents ,Hake ,Dietary Sucrose ,Food Preservation ,Endopeptidases ,Fish Products ,Animals ,Sorbitol ,Cooking ,Subtilisins ,Food science ,Amino Acids ,Fish processing ,biology ,Chemistry ,Pacific cod ,Water ,Actomyosin ,biology.organism_classification ,Gadiformes ,Food Additives ,Oligopeptides ,Frozen Foods ,Food Science - Abstract
Fish protein hydrolysates produced by proteolysis of Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) with Alcalase® (FPH-A) or Flavourzyme® (FPH-F) were investigated as a potential alternative to the 1 : 1 blend of sucrose–sorbitol (SuSo) commonly used for cryoprotection of frozen fish mince. The physicochemical properties of cod mince samples in the absence (control) or presence of 8% FPH-A, FPH-F, or SuSo were evaluated before and after 6 freeze–thaw cycles, with differences noted at the 5% significance level. Freeze–thawing of control sample increased expressible moisture (from 22% to 33%) and cook loss (from 3% to 16%). These poor water retention properties were improved in samples containing FPH or SuSo. Differential scanning calorimetry showed higher proportion of unfrozen water in freeze–thawed samples containing FPH-F or FPH-A (0.36 g/g) compared to SuSo (0.33 g/g) and control (0.24 g/g) samples. Textural analysis of cooked mince from unfrozen samples indicated greater hardness for FPH than SuSo and control samples, while freeze–thawing resulted in decreased hardness for FPH and SuSo samples. Content and surface hydrophobicity of extractable natural actomyosin (NAM) were maintained after freeze–thawing of samples containing FPH-F or SuSo, compared to 50% decrease in extractable NAM and a significant increase in surface hydrophobicity for the control. The presence of oligopeptides in both hydrolysates and the high levels of free amino acids including Asp, Glu, Arg, and Lys in FPH-F might be responsible for their cryoprotective action. This study provides strong evidence to support development of FPH as a new generation cryoprotectant to maintain quality of frozen fish.
- Published
- 2009
39. Prospective randomized study of selective neck dissection versus observation for N0 neck of early tongue carcinoma
- Author
-
Birgitta Yee-Hang Wong, Alfred King-Yin Lam, Nancy Wah-Fun Yuen, W.Y. Cheung, Kwok Shing Book, Nigel J. Trendell-Smith, Chi Kwan Kong, Tzy-Jyun Yao, Anthony Po Wing Yuen, Tam Lin Chow, Lap Chiu Tang, Yue Wai Chan, George K. H. Li, Wai-Kuen Ho, Chiu Ming Ho, Sau Yan Wong, Raymond W. M. Ng, Ambrose Chung-Wai Ho, William I. Wei, and Wai Cheung Yuen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Observation ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Risk Assessment ,Disease-Free Survival ,Reference Values ,Tongue ,Tongue Carcinoma ,Carcinoma ,Humans ,Medicine ,Prospective randomized study ,Prospective Studies ,Survival rate ,Aged ,Monitoring, Physiologic ,Neoplasm Staging ,Aged, 80 and over ,Chi-Square Distribution ,business.industry ,Patient Selection ,Cancer ,Neck dissection ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,Tongue Neoplasms ,Surgery ,Dissection ,Treatment Outcome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Neck Dissection ,Female ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background. There are controversies on the benefits of elective neck dissection (END) for oral tongue carcinoma. Method. This is a prospective randomized study of elective selective I, II, III neck dissection versus observation for N0 neck of stage I to II oral tongue carcinoma. There were 35 patients on the observation arm and 36 patients on the END arm. The main outcome assessment parameters are node-related mortality and disease-specific survival rate. Results. There were 11 patients in the observed arm and 2 patients in the END arm who developed nodal recurrence alone without associated local or distant recurrence. All 13 patients were salvaged, and no patient died of nodal recurrence. The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 87% for the observation arm and was 89% for the END arm; the 2% difference was not significant. Conclusion. Observation may be an acceptable alternative to END if strict adherence to a cancer surveillance protocol is followed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
- Published
- 2009
40. Electroluminescence from metal–oxide–silicon tunneling diode with ion-beam-synthesized β-FeSi2 precipitates embedded in the active region
- Author
-
Hon Ki Tsang, M. A. Lourenço, Kevin P. Homewood, W.Y. Cheung, Caiming Sun, N. Ke, and S.P. Wong
- Subjects
Thermal oxidation ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Materials science ,Ion beam ,Silicon ,business.industry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Substrate (electronics) ,Electroluminescence ,chemistry ,Optoelectronics ,Luminescence ,business ,Instrumentation ,Current density ,Diode - Abstract
A metal–oxide–silicon (MOS) tunneling light-emitting diode is fabricated with ion-beam-synthesized β-FeSi2 precipitates embedded in the active region. Fe ions were implanted into p−-100 silicon substrate at cryogenic temperature (∼−120 °C), followed by rapid thermal oxidation (RTO). Under constant voltage biased in accumulation and at temperatures down to 80 K, electroluminescence (EL) with wavelength peaking at ∼1.5 μm is observed at a current density of about 2.0 A/cm2. Light output increases linearly with current density. Temperature dependence of the EL shows that the luminescence is due to interband recombination in the crystalline precipitates. The strain in these isolated precipitates may contribute to the luminescence properties of β-FeSi2 in silicon.
- Published
- 2009
41. Brain natriuretic peptide as a biomarker of systemic right ventricular function in patients with transposition of great arteries after atrial switch operation
- Author
-
Pak-Cheong Chow, Chun Yin Chong, Kin-tak Wong, Tak-cheung Yung, Adolphus K.T Chau, Kin-Shing Lun, Yiu-fai Cheung, and Eddie W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Heart disease ,Systole ,medicine.drug_class ,Transposition of Great Vessels ,Ventricular Dysfunction, Right ,Diastole ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Statistics, Nonparametric ,Tissue Doppler echocardiography ,Internal medicine ,Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ,medicine ,Natriuretic peptide ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Cardiac Surgical Procedures ,business.industry ,Transposition of the great vessels ,medicine.disease ,Brain natriuretic peptide ,Echocardiography, Doppler ,Endocrinology ,ROC Curve ,Case-Control Studies ,Circulatory system ,cardiovascular system ,Cardiology ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Assessment of systemic right ventricular (RV) function is inherently difficult. In adults, plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level has been shown to reflect systemic ventricular dysfunction. We sought to test the hypothesis that plasma BNP is a biomarker of systemic RV function in patients after atrial switch operation.We determined the RV function in 44 patients, 35 after Senning and 9 after Mustard operation, aged 19.7+/-4.0 years, by tissue Doppler echocardiography and determination of myocardial performance index (MPI). The results were compared to the left ventricular function of 14 age-matched controls. Their plasma BNP levels were correlated with indices of systemic ventricular function.Compared with controls, the patients had greater MPI (p0.001), lower systemic ventricular free wall-annular early diastolic (p0.001), late diastolic (p0.001), and systolic velocities (p=0.001), lower septal-annular early diastolic (p0.001), late diastolic (p0.001), and systolic velocities (p0.001), and higher BNP levels (p=0.03). Plasma BNP levels correlated positively with MPI (r=0.43, p=0.001) and negatively with the free wall- and septal-annular myocardial velocities (r=-0.32 to -0.47, p0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for BNP to detect ventricular dysfunction (MPI0.45) in patients was 0.67 (p=0.04). A BNP level of 36 pg/ml had a sensitivity of 55%, specificity of 86%, positive predictive value 80%, negative predictive value of 64%, and an accuracy of 70% for detecting systemic ventricular dysfunction.Plasma BNP has modest accuracy in the detection of systemic RV dysfunction in patients after atrial switch operation.
- Published
- 2008
42. Functional implications of the right ventricular myocardial performance index in patients after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot
- Author
-
Yiu-fai Cheung, Eddie W.Y. Cheung, Stephen C. W. Cheung, and Wendy W. M. Lam
- Subjects
Male ,Pulmonary Circulation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine ,Doppler echocardiography ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Ventricular Function, Left ,Young Adult ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Cardiac Surgical Procedures ,Myocardial Performance Index ,Child ,Tetralogy of Fallot ,Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed ,Exercise Tolerance ,Ejection fraction ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,VO2 max ,Stroke Volume ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,medicine.disease ,Cardiac surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,ROC Curve ,Regurgitant fraction ,Exercise Test ,Ventricular Function, Right ,Cardiology ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
The myocardial performance index (MPI) has been proposed to be a simple echocardiographic index of right ventricular (RV) function in patients after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). However, its functional status remains to be clarified. The functional implications of RV MPI were determined by exploring its relationships with parameters of RV function as derived from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), and exercise capacity of postoperative TOF patients Thirty patients (11 males), aged 15.6 +/- 3.1 years, who have undergone surgical repair of TOF at 4.0 +/- 1.8 years, were studied. The RV and left ventricular (LV) MPIs determined using pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography were related to CMR-derived RV and LV ejection fractions, and pulmonary regurgitant fraction and treadmill exercise testing parameters. Log RV MPI correlated positively with log LV MPI (r = 0.38, P = 0.037) and negatively with CMR-derived RV ejection fraction (r = -0.4, P = 0.028) and pulmonary regurgitant fraction (r = -0.4, P = 0.031). No significant correlations were found between LV MPI and any of the CMR parameters. Using receiver operated characteristics analysis, a cutoff value of 0.30 for RV MPI was found to have a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 74% in predicting a RV ejection fraction35%. Right ventricular, but not LV, MPI correlated inversely with exercise duration (r = -0.45, P = 0.013) and peak oxygen consumption (VO2 max) (r = -0.56, P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified RV MPI (beta = -0.6, P0.001), male sex (beta = 0.44, P = 0.01), and duration from surgery (beta = -0.30, P = 0.019) as significant determinants of VO2 max. Increased MPI is a reflection of reduced RV ejection fraction and exercise capacity in patients after TOF repair.
- Published
- 2008
43. Mechanical Right Ventricular Dyssynchrony in Patients After Atrial Switch Operation for Transposition of the Great Arteries
- Author
-
Xue-cun Liang, Pak-Cheong Chow, Yiu-fai Cheung, Kin-tak Wong, Eddie W.Y. Cheung, and Wendy W.M. Lam
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Transposition of Great Vessels ,Ventricular Dysfunction, Right ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cardiac resynchronization therapy ,QRS complex ,Tissue Doppler echocardiography ,Internal medicine ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,Heart Atria ,Cardiac Surgical Procedures ,Ventricular dyssynchrony ,Ejection fraction ,business.industry ,Stroke Volume ,Stroke volume ,Transposition of the great vessels ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Myocardial Contraction ,Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ,Great arteries ,Cardiology ,Hong Kong ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Recent data suggest potential benefits of cardiac resynchronization therapy in the management of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in congenital heart disease. The aim of this study was to determine the nature, prevalence, and functional implications of mechanical RV dyssynchrony in patients after Senning or Mustard procedures for transposition of the great arteries. Twenty-eight patients (mean age 21.1 +/- 3.5 years) at 19.9 +/- 3.2 years after atrial switch operations and 29 healthy controls were studied. The times from the onset of QRS to peak systolic strain (T epsilon) at the base of and the mid RV free wall, the ventricular septum (VS), and the left ventricular (LV) free wall were determined using tissue Doppler echocardiography. Intraventricular mechanical delay was defined as Delta T epsilon(RV-VS) and interventricular mechanical delay as Delta T epsilon(RV-LV). In patients, the magnitude of RV intra- and interventricular mechanical delay was correlated with cardiac magnetic resonance-derived RV volumes and ejection fractions (n = 26) and treadmill exercise testing parameters (n = 20). Compared with controls, patients had significantly longer Delta T epsilon(RV-VS) (48.1 +/- 50.9 vs 17.0 +/- 16.1 ms, p0.001) and Delta T epsilon(RV-LV) (63.1 +/- 49.5 vs 19.0 +/- 12.9, p0.001). Nine patients (32%) exhibited RV dyssynchrony (Delta T epsilon(RV-VS)49 ms, control mean +/- 2SD), and 16 patients (57%) showed interventricular dyssynchrony (Delta T epsilon(RV-LV)45 ms). In patients, RV intra- and interventricular mechanical delay was correlated negatively with the RV ejection fraction (both r = -0.42, p = 0.03) and percentage predicted maximum oxygen consumption (r = -0.50, p = 0.03, and r = -0.52, p = 0.02, respectively) and positively with minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope (r = 0.49, p = 0.03, and r = 0.56, p = 0.01, respectively). In conclusion, RV dyssynchrony is common in young adults after atrial switch operations and is associated with RV systolic dysfunction and impaired exercise performance.
- Published
- 2008
44. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels, right ventricular volume overload and exercise capacity in adolescents after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot
- Author
-
Wendy W.M. Lam, Eddie W.Y. Cheung, Yiu-fai Cheung, Clement S.W. Chiu, Adolphus K.T Chau, and Stephen C. W. Cheung
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.drug_class ,Ventricular Dysfunction, Right ,Volume overload ,Physical exercise ,Cohort Studies ,Internal medicine ,Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ,Natriuretic peptide ,medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Child ,Tetralogy of Fallot ,Ejection fraction ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Brain natriuretic peptide ,Regurgitant fraction ,Exercise Test ,Ventricular Function, Right ,Cardiology ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Respiratory minute volume - Abstract
Right ventricular (RV) volume overload secondary to pulmonary regurgitation contributes to long-term morbidities in patients after tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair. We tested the hypothesis that plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels relate to RV volume overload, pulmonary regurgitation, and exercise capacity in adolescents after TOF repair.We assessed the RV function echocardiographically and plasma BNP levels in 32 postoperative TOF patients aged 14.7+/-3.1 years and 20 age-matched controls. Eighteen patients further underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and 26 had exercise testing.Compared with controls, patients had significantly higher BNP levels (p=0.027), greater indexed RV end-diastolic dimension (p0.001), increased RV myocardial performance index (p=0.005), and reduced tricuspid annular systolic velocity (p=0.008). Multivariate analysis identified indexed RV end-diastolic dimension as the only significant determinant of plasma BNP levels (beta=0.69, p0.001). Plasma BNP levels correlated positively with indexed RV end-diastolic volume (r=0.6, p=0.009) and pulmonary regurgitant fraction (r=0.54, p=0.026), and negatively with exercise duration (r=-0.45, p=0.021), peak oxygen consumption (r=-0.43, p=0.03), and minute ventilation at maximal exercise (r=-0.52, p=0.006). Multivariate analysis demonstrated BNP levels (beta=-0.43, p=0.034) and body mass index (beta=-0.40, p=0.036) to be independent predictors of peak oxygen consumption. No relations were found between BNP levels and RV myocardial performance index, tricuspid annular velocities and RV ejection fraction.In adolescent patients after TOF repair, plasma BNP levels relate to RV volume overload, pulmonary regurgitation and exercise capacity.
- Published
- 2007
45. On temperature coefficient of resistance of boron-doped SiGe films deposited by sputtering
- Author
-
Emil V. Jelenković, G.K.H. Pang, K. Y. Tong, S. K. Jha, W.Y. Cheung, and Milan M. Jevtic
- Subjects
inorganic chemicals ,Materials science ,Annealing (metallurgy) ,Mechanical Engineering ,Doping ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Atmospheric temperature range ,Dopant Activation ,Sputter deposition ,Condensed Matter Physics ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Sputtering ,General Materials Science ,Boron ,Temperature coefficient - Abstract
Silicon–germanium films, doped with boron, were deposited on oxidised silicon substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. The post-deposition dopant activation and film crystallisation was done by annealing in the temperature range from 580 to 900 °C. The structural changes in the silicon–germanium films caused by the presence of boron and annealing were investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) was characterised in the temperature range from room temperature to 210 °C and correlated to the nano-structure of the films. The TCR values were explained by the contribution of different scattering mechanisms and confirmed by low-frequency noise measurement. Very low values of TCR can be obtained by selecting appropriate boron content and post-deposition annealing conditions.
- Published
- 2007
46. Fabrication of highly (1000) oriented textured zinc oxide films by metal cathodic arc and oxygen dual plasma deposition and their optical properties
- Author
-
Ricky K.Y. Fu, W. K. Ge, Yongfeng Mei, Paul K. Chu, Zhikai Tang, Z.M. Li, Chunlei Yang, W.Y. Cheung, S.P. Wong, and Gg G. Siu
- Subjects
Fabrication ,Materials science ,Silicon ,Band gap ,Inorganic chemistry ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,General Chemistry ,Zinc ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Cathodic protection ,Metal ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,Quartz - Abstract
Highly (1000) oriented ZnO films were successfully grown onto silicon substrates using a dual plasma deposition process incorporating a metal cathodic arc source and oxygen ambient. The optical properties of a series of ZnO films deposited on quartz using similar conditions were investigated using UV–visible spectrophotometry, and the effects on the band gap were investigated. The absorption of C-excitons resulting in a blue-shift of the band gap at room temperature is accentuated due to strong absorption at higher energy for light polarized ( E // c ) in the highly (1000) oriented ZnO film.
- Published
- 2007
47. The ‘Cell-See-Us’ cellular thermometer
- Author
-
Andy H. Hung, G. Ye, N. Yeung, N. Xu, C. Herriot, H. Sikder, S. Leung, A. Najmi, C. Yoon, M. Yeung, J. Lukovich, C. Lochovsky, Brian Ingalls, A. Tran, T. Zhu, J. Yang, S. Nagaraj, A. Mirrahimi, C.C.. Qu, T. Khiabani, L. Chen, K. Lam, HoKwon Kim, N. Ngai, E. Sales de Andrade, K. Savitsky, S. Davies, F. Mirrahimi, W.Y. Cheung, and R. Puri
- Subjects
Microelectromechanical systems ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Thermometer ,Optoelectronics ,Bioengineering ,Cell Biology ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Transcription factor ,Temperature measurement ,Microscale chemistry ,Biotechnology - Abstract
We report the design, construction, and characterisation of a five-component cellular fluorescence-based thermometer and its individual parts, built from the bottom up in Escherichia coli. The sensing mechanism is based on the temperature-sensitive regulatory activity of the mutated LacIts transcription factor. Such microscale temperature sensors have potential applications in the measurement of temperature gradients on 2D and 3D contours and in microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices.
- Published
- 2007
48. Crystal orientation dependence of ferromagnetism in Fe-implanted MgO single crystals
- Author
-
S.P. Wong, Dihu Chen, Zhongquan Mao, Zhenhui He, and W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
Magnetization ,Ion implantation ,Materials science ,Ferromagnetism ,Condensed matter physics ,Materials Chemistry ,Nanoparticle ,General Chemistry ,Vacuum arc ,Coercivity ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Rutherford backscattering spectrometry ,Ion source - Abstract
Single crystals of MgO with (100), (110) and (111) orientations were implanted with 64 keV Fe ions at a dose of 1.9×1017 ions/cm2 by using metal-vapor vacuum arc ion source (MEVVA). The magnetic properties were investigated by a superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) was used to analyze the Fe concentration and distribution. The presence of Fe nanoparticles in MgO matrix was verified by magnetization measurements. Results show that all the samples behave with ferromagnetism at 5 K and 300 K, and the coercive field, H C , follow well the relation: H C ( 110 ) H C ( 100 ) H C ( 111 ) at measured temperatures. The orientation dependence of the coercive field may result from the different distribution of Fe nanoparticle size.
- Published
- 2007
49. An Expanded Model for Mindful Eating for Health Promotion and Sustainability: Issues and Challenges for Dietetics Practice
- Author
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Teresa T. Fung, Pamela Hung, Michael W. Long, and Lilian W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Medical education ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Mindfulness ,Nutrition assessment ,Dietetics ,General Medicine ,Health Promotion ,Healthy diet ,Diet ,03 medical and health sciences ,Food Preferences ,Health promotion ,Nutrition Assessment ,Sustainability ,Humans ,Diet, Healthy ,Psychology ,Food Science - Published
- 2015
50. Effects of substrate temperature and annealing temperature on the formation and properties of erbium silicide layers synthesized by high current Er ion implantation
- Author
-
X.W. Zhang, S.P. Wong, and W.Y. Cheung
- Subjects
Annealing -- Influence ,Ion implantation -- Research ,Silicides -- Research ,Silicides -- Chemical properties ,Erbium -- Research ,Erbium -- Chemical properties ,Physics - Abstract
The effects of substrate temperature and annealing temperature on the formation and properties of the ErSi(sub 2-x) layers synthesized by IBS using a metal vapor vacuum arc (MEVVA) ion source are investigated. The results showed that ErSi(sub 2-x) phase was directly formed by MEVVA implantation.
- Published
- 2003
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