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The theme of the enhancement of terraced landscapes includes numerous technical and administrative factors that intersect geological, hydro-geological, geotechnical, material, architectural, landscape and natural skills. The convergence of all instances in a project solution requires the development of complex bureaucratic procedures for the granting of authorizations by each of the institutions involved in the management of the territory. To elaborate "new proposals" for the valorization of the terraces implies the elaboration of procedures clear and shared with all the involved Institutions. The paper aims to identify the essential elements on which the development of guidelines for the recovery and enhancement of terraced landscapes can be structured. The study analyses the structure of the documents adopted in some Italian territories and, subsequently, focuses on the elements necessary for the elaboration of new operational instruments.

The sensitivity of the copepods Acartia tonsa, commonly used in standardized tests for environmental risk assessment and A. clausi, the dominant autochthonous congener species in the Mediterranean Sea, was assessed using sediment-derived elutriates from the industrial area of Bagnoli-Coroglio and nickel chloride as referent toxicant. Acute A. clausi naupliar immobilization test showed EC50 for elutriates E25, E56 and E84 of 23.3%, 80.5% and >100%, respectively, compared to 59.5%, 66.6% and >100% in A. tonsa. In the 7 day sublethal test, a reduction in A. clausi egg production rates was observed in all elutriates, but only in E56 for A. tonsa. Elutriate 56, which contained the highest amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, also induced 70% mortality in A. clausi females. Although A. clausi was more sensitive than A. tonsa, the two species had convergent responses to the three elutriates, thus opening the venue for a potential use of A. clausi in standardized ecotoxicity tests.

The strong urbanization of the modern city causes a great increase in air and water pollution levels. There are several strategies that allow to limit the production of gases in the atmosphere and to reduce energy consumptions in buildings by adopting Passivehaus criteria or using energies from renewable sources. The most recent application concerns the use of Construction and Demolition Waste (C&DW) or waste from industrial processes. The paper presents the results of an experimental study assessing the benefits of replacing expanded clay with tire residues within compounds for the construction of roads and city pavements. The use of this material improves the performance of urban areas and has an important role in recycling industrial waste, increasing their lifecycle and reducing the use of raw materials. As a result, it improves the final product sustainability.

Cryopreservation is a valuable tool for aquaculture as it provides continuous seed production, regardless of the spawning season of the brood stock. The selection of a suitable cryoprotectant with low toxicity and high water solubility is important to avoid membrane injuries and intracellular ice crystallization. This study has been aimed at the assessment of the toxic effects of two usually applied cryoprotectants, 1-2 propylene glycol (PG) and methanol (MetOH), on spermatozoa of the of lion-paw scallop Nodipecten nodosus, by evaluating the sperm motility and the development of D larvae after fertilization procedure. Sperm was exposed at room temperature (22 degrees C) for 10, 20 and 30min to different concentration ranges of two cryoprotectants. Regarding the sperm motility, PG5%, PG7%, MetOH4% and MetOH6% did not show differences compared to control (semen incubated in seawater) (P

To analyze the yogurt amino acid profile starting from marketing through the whole shelf-life. The evaluation of the proteolytic activity of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus, allows to deduce their vitality during the shelf-life period and within 45 days.Three types of full fats yogurts have been analyzed (a) natural white (b) sweet white and (c) whole fruit - in two stages: t0 (first day of shelf-life) and t1 (end of shelf-life). The proteins have been analyzed by the Kjeldahl method and the amino acid profile by HPLC.In natural yogurt a significant increase of the amount of free amino acids has been observed during the period of shelf-life (97%). In the sweetened full fats and fruit yogurt, instead, there is a lower increase of respectively 33% and 39%In whole milk natural yogurt, based on our data, the proteolytic activity seems to persist during the entire period of the shelf-life and this can be considered an index of bacterial survival, especially of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus during the marketing process.

There is a long history to the representation of the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid which may be seen as a form of cultural--culinary evolution as each country applies the foods best suited to its national diet. Different Mediterranean Diet pyramids have been designed for the population of Greece, Spain and Italy, tailored for their different food habits. These refer variously to portion sizes and frequency of consumption--daily, weekly and monthly and are not standardized. The 3rd CIISCAM Conference held in Parma, Italy was devoted to highlight the overall biodiversity and nutritional well being values and the sustainable benefits of the Mediterranean diet, recognised as one of the healthiest dietary pattern, and to reduce the rapid erosion of "lifestyle and food habits. It is necessary, therefore, to refer more to a Mediterranean Lifestyle of which diet is only a part. It should include physical and social activity, recreation and rest. It may be possible to construct a Mediterranean food lifestyle index both to assess such a holistic aspect and to correlate with improved morbiditymortality.

During 2008 nine italian laboratories participating to Unichim working group performed five intercalibration ring tests considering embryotoxicity test with Mytilus galloprovincialis LMK. All research group worked with mussels from the same population (Gulf of Taranto). Results from four ring tests were statistically acceptable, determining the repeteability within laboratory and the reproducibility between laboratories.

Ecotoxicological tests were performed using fresh and cryopreserved semen of sea bream (S.aurata, L. 1758, Perciformes, Sparidae). Sperm motility after 1h of incubation in metals (Cd, Cr, Pb) and pesticides (Azinphos-methyl, Chlorpyrifos-methyl, Pentachlorophenol) was evaluated. Cryopreserved semen showed sensitivity levels comparable or higher than the fresh one.

The motility evaluation provides a rapid assessment of the sperm quality. The motility parameters of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L. 1758, Perciformes, Sparidae) spermatozoa have been analyzed by visual evaluation and by the SCA (Sperm Class Analyzer) system in order to evaluate its usefulness to assess the sperm quality after cryopreservation.

Goal of this work is to promote via on-line applications the knowledge of the Italian Weekly Pyramid, which is based on the concept of WI (Well Being Index) as a unit for a correct lifestyle. On the website www.piramideitaliana.it the user can verify his/her weekly lifestyle by participating in a "game" based on the introduction, for seven consecutive days, of food and beverages consumption and time assigned to physical activity. At the end of the seven days it is possible to access the page with an evaluation of dietary habits together with the possible suggestions for a correct lifestyle. On the basis of the data collected through this web game, a statistical analysis has been developed to evaluate the food habits and the level of physical activity. In the period between September 2005-January 2010 16,546 participants have completed the game. The data collected compare actual WI consumption for each food group with the one suggested by the Pyramid. The sample eating pattern appears almost varied; all the food groups were consumed daily, albeit in much lower quantities with regard to the suggested portions. It is pointed out that some differences in the nutritional habits are related to differences in age groups and in the school degree of the sample analyzed. This work highlights the importance of web-based tailored interventions on population food habits: many people can be reached to promote the knowledge of the guidelines leading to a healthy lifestyle.

With the growing environmental awareness occurring worldwide, many industries, such as the construction sector, are setting their own measures to reduce their environmental impact. In addition, governments are forced to reduce emission and waste. For this reason, in the building sector, many efforts are being made to reduce the consumption of natural resources and energy in buildings and the materials manufacturers are introducing sustainable initiatives to achieve these objectives. In this sense, the current trend of the construction sector towards environmental impact reduction and protection involves the design and the manufacture of more sustainable and regenerative construction materials. In this context, many research works have been carried out on the mechanical characterization of new composites, specifically gypsum, aiming to improve the environmental performance of traditional materials used in building construction. Accordingly, it is essential to review previous works to understand the mechanical performance of these new gypsums so that they can be applied in building construction. This paper gives an overview of the mechanical characterization of gypsums containing waste and explores the effect of adding different waste categories in different percentages. Previous experimental studies on the mechanical characterization of recycled gypsum composites are presented as well as further suggestions for future works.

The restoration of Archaeological Heritage gives a remarkable importance to the features of formal and material preservation of elements in their context pursuing the enhancement of its value as historical document. The diagnosis phases must be structured in a complete and complex way to find correct methods of digging, considering that the archaeological digs provide a sudden alteration of the equilibrium condition that the underground structures have reached with the filling layers over the centuries, causing degradation phenomena or accelerated deterioration of the unearthed parts. Some studies have shown a pushed aging for stones subjected to saturation and rapid drying cycles, both in terms of lowering mechanical resistance and activation of pathogenic dynamics. Starting from these studies, a laboratory survey has been carried out on samples of Neapolitan yellow tuff aimed at reproducing, at the small scale, the alteration due by digging phases on natural stones. The paper shows the first results of this survey and proposes intervention strategies to ensure preservation criteria during the archeological digging phases, starting from indirect geometric relief of underground structures, including a thermo-igrometric characterization of the soil-artifact system and developing an intervention method for digging and protecting the Archeological Heritage.

The recent pandemic from Covid-19 has spread throughout the planet with a speed and propagation that have highlighted the deficiencies of the infrastructure system in terms of lack of logistics, space and functional organization even of those buildings that, for destination and public management, should represent strategic containers to build a rapid and resilient response to this type of events. As a result of the many sectors affected and for which the country has been called to find rapid operational solutions, the elaboration of these provisions has not succeeded in following the rapid evolution of the henomenon, often configuring “frozen” conditions. Following the evaluation of what has been done for the school system in just a year, the need to rethink and adapt school buildings emerges, for a new methodological approach aimed at building an attitude from active to proactive towards the emergency, in this case health. The paper presents the first results of a research in progress at the DICEA of the University of Naples Federico II, aimed at defining a methodology for determining the parameters of new design and adaptation of school buildings in emergency conditions. The study is based on an indepth bibliographical review and regulatory provisions adopted by the affected countries, still in a dynamic evolution, with respect to the modification of teaching and the adaptation of school buildings in conditions that, considering the impossibility of building new schools in a short time, can be divided in: “organizational”, if they concern measures directly applicable to the user; “distributive-functional” if they are obtained by acting on space; “environmental” if they have a impact on the air quality. The critical analysis identifies some of the design parameters for the construction of new high-performance schools also compared to health emergencies and for the redevelopment of existing school buildings in the same perspective.

The semantic juxtaposition of the terms "archeology" and "industrial" requires a in-depth study of the "signs left by the process of industrialization in daily life, culture and society" (Treccani definition). The key to this study is time that changes its rhythm towards industrial archaeologies: the careful approach of reality strongly recognizable by the conformation of the built spaces and volumes, often frozen in time, sometimes distracted by the ferment with which those urban changes were reached. It is instead in the fast and incessant dynamics of adaptation of settlement values that the signs of transformation are found, the fracture with the past and the propensity to a renewed seam, that succession of alterations which is at the origin of the diachronic process of formation of "urban interiors". The projection towards urban and social renewal characterizes the great changes designed for the western area of Naples in the 80s and 90s, sometimes betrayed by partial implementation. Among the tangible signs on the territory there is the work of Professor Architect Massimo Pica Ciamarra who, in the urban redevelopment projects for Fuorigrotta and Bagnoli, offers a process of seaming fractures and integration of contrasts aimed at interpreting the modern need for transformation and strengthening connections with the context. The logic that generated the interventions of Pica Ciamarra in this area and the architectural vision that led the reconversion project of the former industrial area of Coroglio in Città della Scienza (Science Center), have been analysed in the contribution through the texts of authoritative critics of architecture that have highlighted the main characteristics of his work and through the words of the same Professor who, with the usual approach to the dissemination, granted the authors an interview in the form of a pleasant and intimate lectio magistralis.

The text draws the lines of an education ontology, according to progressive levels of in-depth analysis of the experience. The first one is proper of the fundamental pedagogy and sets up its central category: the educative relationship is consignment of a meaning heritage to self-realization. The second one is proper of the philosophy of education, whose purpose is justifying a more original consignment, beyond its ethos, to the history and the being. As a matter of fact, both the immanence in the history and the conscience of a correlated transcendence are constitutive of the consignment. This is a further level and the task becomes foundational: what is not explained within the experience and the spontaneous and scientific knowledge is cleared, so that you can reach certainties that are founded in a profound way. If you do not justify rationally, ideas and ideals tend to deteriorate into ideologies.

Il saggio esplora la posizione di Ch. M. Wieland all'interno del dibattito filosofico-pedagogico del 700 di lingua tedesca, sia per quanto attiene alla conoscenza sia per quanto attiene alla possibilità di crescita e di formazione dell'individuo. Ci si propone di evidenziare come l'autore nel corso del tempoo rimanga sostanzialmente fedele alla convinzione che ci si debba aprire al confronto con gli altri, e che socraticamente si debba partire dalla conoscenza di sé per intraprendere qualsiasi percorso formativo

The article aims to show the critique of domination and power by means of some texts by Blaise Pascal. The topic focuses on cognitive activity and the faculty of knowledge.

I siti archeologici sono da secoli palcoscenico di storia, architettura e ingegneria, e forniscono numerosi spunti per la ricerca e la progettazione in ambito compositivo, strutturale e tecnologico. La mancanza di risorse economiche e umane ha comportato l’assenza di manutenzione e, in alcuni casi, l’abbandono incondizionato di questi complessi. Tuttavia, il valore simbolico, culturale ed ingegneristico, impone lo sviluppo di strategie per il recupero, la valorizzazione e la gestione di questo Patrimonio, finalizzate a ricucire la connessione tra l’antico e il moderno che coesistono all’interno degli ambiti territoriali complessi. In quest’ottica, il presente contributo analizza la strategia progettuale sviluppata per la valorizzazione dell’Anfiteatro Flavio di Pozzuoli, terzo anfiteatro per dimensioni ed importanza dopo il Colosseo e l’Anfiteatro di Santa Maria Capua Vetere.

The essay shows, between autobiography and theoretical reflection, the link between metaphysics and poetry in the reflection of the philosopher Leonardo Samonà. The author uses the concept of "retraction" to cross both the vision of Samonà's metaphysics and the vision of poetry.

Buildings are responsible for 40% of the overall final energy consumption in the European Union. On the other hand, the construction, energy, and industry sectors generate around 50% of the waste produced in Europe, out of which a third part is construction and demolition waste (CDW). In recent years, many research works have been carried out to analyze the viability of incorporating waste, especially CDW, as a substitute for traditional raw materials with great environmental impact. However, most of the studies found cover only the mechanical characterization of the compound, and there are very few that analyze these materials in specific building applications. This research work evaluates the energy efficiency potential of recycled materials with CDW. After an exhaustive analysis of the main existing recycled materials, an energetic evaluation of several construction solutions is carried out, as well as a comparison with traditional solutions. The findings show that the incorporation of recycled materials in several building construction elements is a success, since it not only reduces the consumption of raw materials, but also reduces the energy consumption of the building. Energy savings using recycled materials can range from 8% in a warm region (such as Seville) up to 13% in cold regions (such as Soria), which are greater in heating than in cooling. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.