Author: "Vienna University of Technology" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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4,407 results on '"Vienna University of Technology"'

1. Heartrate Variability During Conventional and Variable Pressure Support Mechanical Ventilation

Author: Vienna University of Technology and Maximilian Schnetzinger BSc, Principal Investigator
Published: 2020

2. Perioperative Heart Rate Variability Analysis in Realtime (PHERVR)

Author: Vienna University of Technology and Adam Joel Bukaty, Dr. Adam Joel Bukaty
Published: 2018

3. Pilot Study - Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Effects on Cardiovascular Parameters

Author: Vienna University of Technology and Dr. Jozsef Constantin Széles, Dr.med.
Published: 2017

4. Pilot Study on Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Effects in Chronic Diabetic Wounds

Author: Vienna University of Technology and Dr. Jozsef Constantin Széles, Dr.med.
Published: 2017

5. How to verify the precision of density-functional-theory implementations via reproducible and universal workflows

Author: European Commission, Swiss National Science Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Vienna University of Technology, Jülich Research Centre, Helmholtz Platform for Research Software Engineering, Commissariat à l'Ènergie Atomique et aux Ènergies Alternatives (France), Fonds de La Recherche Scientifique (Belgique), Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Villum Fonden, Technical University of Denmark, Ghent University, Research Foundation - Flanders, Flemish Government, Bosoni, Emanuele [0000-0003-4585-5478], Blaha, Peter [0000-0001-5849-5788], Blügel, Stefan [0000-0001-9987-4733], Bröder, Jens [0000-0001-7939-226X], Cottenier, Stefaan [0000-0003-2541-8043], Eimre, Kristjan [0000-0002-3444-3286], Fornari, Marco [0000-0001-6527-8511], García Arribas, Alberto [0000-0001-5138-9579], Giantomassi, Matteo [0000-0002-7007-9813], Huber, Sebastiaan P. [0000-0001-5845-8880], Janssen, Henning [0000-0003-3558-9487], Kastlunger, Georg [0000-0002-3767-8734], Krack, Matthias [0000-0002-2082-7027], Kresse, Georg [0000-0001-9102-4259], Kühne, Thomas D. [0000-0001-5471-2407], Lejaeghere, Kurt [0000-0002-4462-8209], Marzari, Nicola [0000-0002-9764-0199], Michalicek, Gregor [0000-0003-4719-188X], Müller, Tiziano M.A. [0000-0002-1387-5717], Pickard, Chris J. [0000-0002-9684-5432], Rignanese, Gian Marco [0000-0002-1422-1205], Ruh, Thomas [0000-0001-7577-0198], Vanpoucke, Danny E.P. [0000-0001-5919-7336], Wolloch, Michael [0000-0002-3419-5526], Wortmann, Daniel [0000-0002-2248-1904], Yu, Jusong [0000-0001-9246-6067], Zhu, Bonan [0000-0001-5601-6130], Pizzi, Giovanni [0000-0002-3583-4377], Bosoni, Emanuele, Beal, Louis, Bercx, Marnik, Blaha, Peter, Blügel, Stefan, Bröder, Jens, Callsen, Martin, Cottenier, Stefaan, Degomme, Augustin, Dikan, Vladimir, Eimre, Kristjan, Flage-Larsen, Espen, Fornari, Marco, García Arribas, Alberto, Genovese, Luigi, Giantomassi, Matteo, Huber, Sebastiaan P., Janssen, Henning, Kastlunger, Georg, Krack, Matthias, Kresse, Georg, Kühne, Thomas D., Lejaeghere, Kurt, Madsen, Georg K.H., Marsman, Martijn, Marzari, Nicola, Michalicek, Gregor, Mirhosseini, Hossein, Müller, Tiziano M.A., Petretto, Guido, Pickard, Chris J., Poncé, Samuel, Rignanese, Gian Marco, Rubel, Oleg, Ruh, Thomas, Sluydts, Michael, Vanpoucke, Danny E.P., Vijay, Sudarshan, Wolloch, Michael, Wortmann, Daniel, Yakutovich, Aliaksandr V., Yu, Jusong, Zadoks, Austin, Zhu, Bonan, Pizzi, Giovanni, European Commission, Swiss National Science Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Vienna University of Technology, Jülich Research Centre, Helmholtz Platform for Research Software Engineering, Commissariat à l'Ènergie Atomique et aux Ènergies Alternatives (France), Fonds de La Recherche Scientifique (Belgique), Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Villum Fonden, Technical University of Denmark, Ghent University, Research Foundation - Flanders, Flemish Government, Bosoni, Emanuele [0000-0003-4585-5478], Blaha, Peter [0000-0001-5849-5788], Blügel, Stefan [0000-0001-9987-4733], Bröder, Jens [0000-0001-7939-226X], Cottenier, Stefaan [0000-0003-2541-8043], Eimre, Kristjan [0000-0002-3444-3286], Fornari, Marco [0000-0001-6527-8511], García Arribas, Alberto [0000-0001-5138-9579], Giantomassi, Matteo [0000-0002-7007-9813], Huber, Sebastiaan P. [0000-0001-5845-8880], Janssen, Henning [0000-0003-3558-9487], Kastlunger, Georg [0000-0002-3767-8734], Krack, Matthias [0000-0002-2082-7027], Kresse, Georg [0000-0001-9102-4259], Kühne, Thomas D. [0000-0001-5471-2407], Lejaeghere, Kurt [0000-0002-4462-8209], Marzari, Nicola [0000-0002-9764-0199], Michalicek, Gregor [0000-0003-4719-188X], Müller, Tiziano M.A. [0000-0002-1387-5717], Pickard, Chris J. [0000-0002-9684-5432], Rignanese, Gian Marco [0000-0002-1422-1205], Ruh, Thomas [0000-0001-7577-0198], Vanpoucke, Danny E.P. [0000-0001-5919-7336], Wolloch, Michael [0000-0002-3419-5526], Wortmann, Daniel [0000-0002-2248-1904], Yu, Jusong [0000-0001-9246-6067], Zhu, Bonan [0000-0001-5601-6130], Pizzi, Giovanni [0000-0002-3583-4377], Bosoni, Emanuele, Beal, Louis, Bercx, Marnik, Blaha, Peter, Blügel, Stefan, Bröder, Jens, Callsen, Martin, Cottenier, Stefaan, Degomme, Augustin, Dikan, Vladimir, Eimre, Kristjan, Flage-Larsen, Espen, Fornari, Marco, García Arribas, Alberto, Genovese, Luigi, Giantomassi, Matteo, Huber, Sebastiaan P., Janssen, Henning, Kastlunger, Georg, Krack, Matthias, Kresse, Georg, Kühne, Thomas D., Lejaeghere, Kurt, Madsen, Georg K.H., Marsman, Martijn, Marzari, Nicola, Michalicek, Gregor, Mirhosseini, Hossein, Müller, Tiziano M.A., Petretto, Guido, Pickard, Chris J., Poncé, Samuel, Rignanese, Gian Marco, Rubel, Oleg, Ruh, Thomas, Sluydts, Michael, Vanpoucke, Danny E.P., Vijay, Sudarshan, Wolloch, Michael, Wortmann, Daniel, Yakutovich, Aliaksandr V., Yu, Jusong, Zadoks, Austin, Zhu, Bonan, and Pizzi, Giovanni
Abstract: Density-functional theory methods and codes adopting periodic boundary conditions are extensively used in condensed matter physics and materials science research. In 2016, their precision (how well properties computed with different codes agree among each other) was systematically assessed on elemental crystals: a first crucial step to evaluate the reliability of such computations. In this Expert Recommendation, we discuss recommendations for verification studies aiming at further testing precision and transferability of density-functional-theory computational approaches and codes. We illustrate such recommendations using a greatly expanded protocol covering the whole periodic table from Z = 1 to 96 and characterizing 10 prototypical cubic compounds for each element: four unaries and six oxides, spanning a wide range of coordination numbers and oxidation states. The primary outcome is a reference dataset of 960 equations of state cross-checked between two all-electron codes, then used to verify and improve nine pseudopotential-based approaches. Finally, we discuss the extent to which the current results for total energies can be reused for different goals.
Published: 2023

6. Agricultural intensification vs. climate change: what drives long-term changes in sediment load?

Author: European Commission, Austrian Science Fund, Vienna University of Technology, Wang, Shengping, Szeles, Borbala, Krammer, Carmen, Schmaltz, Elmar, Song, Kepeng, Li, Yifan, Zhang, Zhiqiang, Blöschl, Günter, Strauss, Peter, European Commission, Austrian Science Fund, Vienna University of Technology, Wang, Shengping, Szeles, Borbala, Krammer, Carmen, Schmaltz, Elmar, Song, Kepeng, Li, Yifan, Zhang, Zhiqiang, Blöschl, Günter, and Strauss, Peter
Abstract: Climate change and agricultural intensification are expected to increase soil erosion and sediment production from arable land in many regions. However, to date, most studies have been based on short-term monitoring and/or modeling, making it difficult to assess their reliability in terms of estimating long-term changes. We present the results of a unique data set consisting of measurements of sediment loads from a 60 ha catchment – the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory (HOAL) – in Petzenkirchen, Austria, which was observed periodically over a time period spanning 72 years. Specifically, we compare Period I (1946–1954) and Period II (2002–2017) by fitting sediment rating curves (SRCs) for the growth and dormant seasons for each of the periods. The results suggest a significant increase in sediment loads from Period I to Period II, with an average of 5.8 ± 3.8 to 60.0 ± 140.0 t yr−1. The sediment flux changed mainly due to a shift in the SRCs, given that the mean daily discharge significantly decreased from 5.0 ± 14.5 L s−1 for Period I to 3.8 ± 6.6 L s−1 for Period II. The slopes of the SRCs for the growing season and the dormant season of Period I were 0.3 and 0.8, respectively, whereas they were 1.6 and 1.7 for Period II, respectively. Climate change, considered in terms of rainfall erosivity, was not responsible for this shift, because erosivity decreased by 30.4 % from the dormant season of Period I to that of Period II, and no significant difference was found between the growing seasons of periods I and II. However, the change in sediment flux can be explained by land use and land cover change (LUCC) and the change in land structure (i.e., the organization of land parcels). Under low- and median-streamflow conditions, the land structure in Period II (i.e., the parcel effect) had no apparent influence on sediment yield. With increasing streamflow, it became more important in controlling sediment yield, as a result of an enhanced sediment connectivity in the lands
Published: 2022

7. Anderson localization of ultrasound in disordered anisotropic media

Author: Rotter, Stefan (Vienna University of Technology) Burgess, Jacob (Physics and Astronomy) Sirker, Jesko (Physics and Astronomy) Bridges, Gregory (Electrical and Computer Engineering), Page, John H. (Physics and Astronomy), Goïcoechea, Antton, Rotter, Stefan (Vienna University of Technology) Burgess, Jacob (Physics and Astronomy) Sirker, Jesko (Physics and Astronomy) Bridges, Gregory (Electrical and Computer Engineering), Page, John H. (Physics and Astronomy), and Goïcoechea, Antton
Abstract: Wave transport in disordered anisotropic media is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Multiple scattering theory is reviewed, with a focus on the self-consistent theory of localization (SCT). To treat anisotropy, a new version of this theory is adapted to classical waves and extended to finite media. By obtaining analytical results, the two versions of the SCT have been compared in the infinite medium case and found to be in good agreement. Experimentally, the transport is studied via ultrasonic techniques on samples made of brazed elongated aluminium particles oriented in a certain direction. In the diffusive regime, the effect of the anisotropy is to make directions of propagation inside the sample inequivalent. Instead of a single diffusion coefficient, components of a diffusion tensor can be measured in the anisotropic case. Experimental results show good agreement with diffusion theory for two different orientations of the particles. The frequency-independence of the transport anisotropy is demonstrated experimentally for the first time. Using a novel technique to increase the scattering inside the samples, transport regimes for which the diffusion approximation breaks down are reached. In particular, the effect of the anisotropy on the Anderson localization regime is studied. Using transverse confinement experiments, the first experimental observation of the reduction of the transport anisotropy close to the mobility edge is reported for both orientations of the anisotropy. The samples made of these irregular elongated particles also display a slow approach to the localization regime, motivating further experimental work. A theoretical framework based on random matrix theory is used to study the effects of anisotropy on the transport of scalar waves. Introducing correlations such as grouping scatterers by pairs or surrounding scatterers by a spherical exclusion volume results in exotic behaviour compared to the independent scatterers case. The pair
Published: 2020

8. Lanchester Model for Three-Way Combat

Author: Operations Research and Control Systems, Institute of Statistics and Mathematical Methods in Economics Vienna University of Technology, Operations Research (OR), Grass, Dieter, Kress, Moshe, Caulkins, Jonathan P., Feichtinger, Gustav, Seidl, Andrea, Operations Research and Control Systems, Institute of Statistics and Mathematical Methods in Economics Vienna University of Technology, Operations Research (OR), Grass, Dieter, Kress, Moshe, Caulkins, Jonathan P., Feichtinger, Gustav, and Seidl, Andrea
Abstract: Lanchester (1916) modeled combat situations between two opponents, where mutual attrition occurs continuously in time, by a pair of simple ordinary (linear) differential equations. The aim of the present paper is to extend the model to a conflict consisting of three parties. In particular, Lanchester's main result, i.e. his square law, is adapted to a triple fight. However, here a central factor besides the initial strengths of the forces determining the long run outcome is the allocation of each opponent's efforts between the other two parties. De- pending on initial strengths, (the) solution paths are calculated and visualized in appropriate phase portraits. We are able identify regions in the state space where, independent of the force allocation of the opponents, always the same combatant wins, regions, where a combatant can win if its force allocation is wisely chosen, and regions where a combatant cannot win itself but determine the winner by its forces allocation. As such, the present model can be seen as a forerunner of a dynamic game between three opponents.
Published: 2017

9. Production and Transfers through Unpaid Work by Age and Gender: A Comparative Analysis of Austria, Italy and Slovenia

Author: Joze, Sambt, University of Ljubljana Bernhard Hammer, Zannella, Marina, Vienna Institute of Demography Alexia Fürnkranz Prskawetz, and Vienna University of Technology
Subjects: Genere, Cilco di vita, Trasferimenti Intergenerazionali, Uso del Tempo, Lavoro domestico
Published: 2014

10. XPS on mixed conducting perovskites at elevated temperatures and close-to-ambient gas pressure

Author: MPI for Solid State Research, Vienna University of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Institut der MPG, Universität Leipzig, Joo, Jong-Hoon, Merkle, Rotraut, Maier, Joachim, Kubicek, Markus, Januschewsky, Judith, Fleig, Jürgen, Oestereich, Andreas, Hlavathy, Zoltan, Hävecker, Michael, Knop-Gericke, Axel, Schlögl, Robert, MPI for Solid State Research, Vienna University of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Institut der MPG, Universität Leipzig, Joo, Jong-Hoon, Merkle, Rotraut, Maier, Joachim, Kubicek, Markus, Januschewsky, Judith, Fleig, Jürgen, Oestereich, Andreas, Hlavathy, Zoltan, Hävecker, Michael, Knop-Gericke, Axel, and Schlögl, Robert
Published: 2015

11. A discrete/continuous numerical approach to multi-physics

Author: Automation and Control Institute (ACIN);et al.;Federation of European Societies on Modelling and Simulation (EUROSIM);Institute of Analysis and Scientific Computing Mathematical Modelling and Simulation Group (ASC);International Federation for Automatic Control (IFAC);Vienna University of Technology (TUWIEN) [sponsor], Peters, Bernhard, Besseron, Xavier, Estupinan Donoso, Alvaro Antonio, Mahmoudi, Amir Houshang, Mohseni, Seyedmohammad, Automation and Control Institute (ACIN);et al.;Federation of European Societies on Modelling and Simulation (EUROSIM);Institute of Analysis and Scientific Computing Mathematical Modelling and Simulation Group (ASC);International Federation for Automatic Control (IFAC);Vienna University of Technology (TUWIEN) [sponsor], Peters, Bernhard, Besseron, Xavier, Estupinan Donoso, Alvaro Antonio, Mahmoudi, Amir Houshang, and Mohseni, Seyedmohammad
Abstract: A variety of technical applications are not only the physics of a single domain, but include several physical phenomena, and therefore are referred to as multi-physics. As long as the phenomena being taken into account is either continuous or discrete i.e. Euler or Lagrangian a homogeneous solution concept can be employed. However, numerous challenges in engineering include continuous and discrete phase simultaneously, and therefore cannot be solved only by continuous or discrete approaches. Problems include both a continuous and a discrete phase are important in applications of the pharmaceutical Industry e.g. drug production, agriculture and food processing industry, mining, construction and Agricultural machinery, metal production, power generation and systems biology. The Extended Discrete Element Method (XDEM) is a novel technique, which provides a significant advance for the coupled discrete and continuous numerical simulation concepts. It expands the dynamics of particles as described by the classical discrete element method (DEM) by a thermodynamic state or stress/strain coupled as fluid flow or structures for each particle in a continuum phase. XDEM additionally estimates properties such as the interior temperature and/or species distribution. These predictive capabilities are extended to fluid flow through an interaction by heat, mass and momentum transfer important for process engineering. © 2015, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2015

12. A cartesian ensemble of feature subspace classifiers for music categorization

Author: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos, Vienna University of Technology. Department of Software Technology and Interactive Systems, Lidy, Thomas, Mayer, Rudolf, Rauber, Andy, Ponce de León Amador, Pedro José, Pertusa, Antonio, Iñesta, José M., Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos, Vienna University of Technology. Department of Software Technology and Interactive Systems, Lidy, Thomas, Mayer, Rudolf, Rauber, Andy, Ponce de León Amador, Pedro José, Pertusa, Antonio, and Iñesta, José M.
Abstract: We present a cartesian ensemble classification system that is based on the principle of late fusion and feature subspaces. These feature subspaces describe different aspects of the same data set. The framework is built on the Weka machine learning toolkit and able to combine arbitrary feature sets and learning schemes. In our scenario, we use it for the ensemble classification of multiple feature sets from the audio and symbolic domains. We present an extensive set of experiments in the context of music genre classification, based on numerous Music IR benchmark datasets, and evaluate a set of combination/voting rules. The results show that the approach is superior to the best choice of a single algorithm on a single feature set. Moreover, it also releases the user from making this choice explicitly.
Published: 2010

13. Audio music classification using a combination of spectral, timbral, rhythmic, temporal and symbolic features

Author: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos, Vienna University of Technology. Department of Software Technology and Interactive Systems, Lidy, Thomas, Rauber, Andreas, Pertusa, Antonio, Ponce de León Amador, Pedro José, Iñesta, José M., Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos, Vienna University of Technology. Department of Software Technology and Interactive Systems, Lidy, Thomas, Rauber, Andreas, Pertusa, Antonio, Ponce de León Amador, Pedro José, and Iñesta, José M.
Abstract: The novel approach of combining audio and symbolic features for music classification from audio enhanced previous audio-only based results in MIREX 2007. We extended the approach by including temporal audio features, enhancing the polyphonic audio to MIDI transcription system and including an extended set of symbolic features. Recent research in music genre classification hints at a glass ceiling being reached using timbral audio features.
Published: 2008

14. The exponentially small terms underlying the bifurcation diagram of localized structures

Author: Equadiff 2007 (August 5-11, 2007: Vienna University of Technology), Kozyreff, Gregory, Equadiff 2007 (August 5-11, 2007: Vienna University of Technology), and Kozyreff, Gregory
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2007

15. Service Research Challenges and Solutions for the Future Internet

Author: MYRIADS (INRIA - IRISA) ; Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - INRIA - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - CNRS, European Research Institute in Service Science (ERISS) ; Tilburg University, TRISKELL (INRIA - IRISA) ; CNRS - INRIA - Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione (DEI) ; Politecnico di Milano, Computer Science Department [Heraklion] (CSD-UOC) ; Institute of Computer Science - University of Crete, Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2) - École Centrale de Lyon (ECL) - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) - CNRS, Distributed Systems Group [Vienne] ; Vienna University of Technology, Service Oriented Applications Research Unit [Trento] (SOA) ; Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Istituto di Cibernetica "Eduardo Caianiello" ; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - CNR (ITALY), Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione ; Politecnico di Milano, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación [Madrid] (ETSI) ; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Technical University of Vienna [Vienna] (TU WIEN), Facultad de Informatica ; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, The Irish Software Engineering Research Centre ; LERO, School of industrial Engineering [Eindhoven] ; Eindhoven University of Technology, Institut für Architektur von Anwendungssystemen (IAAS) ; Universität Stuttgart, Department of Computer Science [Amsterdam] ; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Computer and Automation Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA SZTAKI) ; Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH-ICS) ; University of Crete, Transformation Services Lab ; University of Crete, Arbeitsbereich Verteilte Systeme und Informationssysteme (VSIS) ; Universität Hamburg, PALUNO - The Ruhr Institute for Software Technology (PALUNO) ; Universität Duisburg-Essen, Institut für Informationssysteme [Wien] ; Technische Universität Wien, Labor für multimediale Systeme (LMS) ; Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, CSIRO Information and Commuciation Technologies (CSIRO ICT Centre) ; CSIRO, Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione “A. Faedo" (ISTI) ; CNR, Mike Papazoglou and Klaus Pohl and Michael Parkin and Andreas Metzger, European Project : 215483, ICT, FP7-ICT-2007-1, S-CUBE(2008), André, Françoise, Andrikopoulos, Vasilios, Barais, Olivier, Baresi, Luciano, Baryannis, George, Benbernou, Salima, Brandic, Ivona, Bucchiarone, Antonio, Cappiello, Cinzia, Di Napoli, Claudia, Di Nitto, Elisabetta, Driss, Maha, Carlos Dueñas, Juan, Dustdar, Schahram, Gauvrit, Guillaume, Carro, Manuel, Carroll, Noel, Comuzzi, Marco, Cuadrado, Félix, Danylevych, Olha, Daubert, Erwan, Giordano, Maurizio, Gu, Qing, Hacid, Mohand-Said, Hantry, François, Haque, Rafiq, Van Den Heuvel, Willem-Jan, Karastoyanova, Dimka, Kazhamiakin, Raman, Kertész, Attila, Kritikos, Kyriakos, Mocci, Andrea, Németh, Zsolt, Nikolau, Christos, Papazoglou, Mike, Parkin, Michael, Pazat, Jean-Louis, Lane, Stephen, Lamersdorf, Winfried, Leymann, Frank, Leitner, Philipp, Mazza, Valentina, Metzger, Andreas, Pernici, Barbara, Plebani, Pierluigi, Pohl, Klaus, Psaier, Harald, Renz, Wolfgang, Richardson, Ita, Rosenberg, Florian, Silvestri, Fabrizio, Sudeikat, Jan, Uhlig, Maike, Wetzstein, Branimir, Whelan, Eoin, MYRIADS (INRIA - IRISA) ; Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - INRIA - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - CNRS, European Research Institute in Service Science (ERISS) ; Tilburg University, TRISKELL (INRIA - IRISA) ; CNRS - INRIA - Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione (DEI) ; Politecnico di Milano, Computer Science Department [Heraklion] (CSD-UOC) ; Institute of Computer Science - University of Crete, Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2) - École Centrale de Lyon (ECL) - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) - CNRS, Distributed Systems Group [Vienne] ; Vienna University of Technology, Service Oriented Applications Research Unit [Trento] (SOA) ; Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Istituto di Cibernetica "Eduardo Caianiello" ; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - CNR (ITALY), Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione ; Politecnico di Milano, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación [Madrid] (ETSI) ; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Technical University of Vienna [Vienna] (TU WIEN), Facultad de Informatica ; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, The Irish Software Engineering Research Centre ; LERO, School of industrial Engineering [Eindhoven] ; Eindhoven University of Technology, Institut für Architektur von Anwendungssystemen (IAAS) ; Universität Stuttgart, Department of Computer Science [Amsterdam] ; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Computer and Automation Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA SZTAKI) ; Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH-ICS) ; University of Crete, Transformation Services Lab ; University of Crete, Arbeitsbereich Verteilte Systeme und Informationssysteme (VSIS) ; Universität Hamburg, PALUNO - The Ruhr Institute for Software Technology (PALUNO) ; Universität Duisburg-Essen, Institut für Informationssysteme [Wien] ; Technische Universität Wien, Labor für multimediale Systeme (LMS) ; Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, CSIRO Information and Commuciation Technologies (CSIRO ICT Centre) ; CSIRO, Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione “A. Faedo" (ISTI) ; CNR, Mike Papazoglou and Klaus Pohl and Michael Parkin and Andreas Metzger, European Project : 215483, ICT, FP7-ICT-2007-1, S-CUBE(2008), André, Françoise, Andrikopoulos, Vasilios, Barais, Olivier, Baresi, Luciano, Baryannis, George, Benbernou, Salima, Brandic, Ivona, Bucchiarone, Antonio, Cappiello, Cinzia, Di Napoli, Claudia, Di Nitto, Elisabetta, Driss, Maha, Carlos Dueñas, Juan, Dustdar, Schahram, Gauvrit, Guillaume, Carro, Manuel, Carroll, Noel, Comuzzi, Marco, Cuadrado, Félix, Danylevych, Olha, Daubert, Erwan, Giordano, Maurizio, Gu, Qing, Hacid, Mohand-Said, Hantry, François, Haque, Rafiq, Van Den Heuvel, Willem-Jan, Karastoyanova, Dimka, Kazhamiakin, Raman, Kertész, Attila, Kritikos, Kyriakos, Mocci, Andrea, Németh, Zsolt, Nikolau, Christos, Papazoglou, Mike, Parkin, Michael, Pazat, Jean-Louis, Lane, Stephen, Lamersdorf, Winfried, Leymann, Frank, Leitner, Philipp, Mazza, Valentina, Metzger, Andreas, Pernici, Barbara, Plebani, Pierluigi, Pohl, Klaus, Psaier, Harald, Renz, Wolfgang, Richardson, Ita, Rosenberg, Florian, Silvestri, Fabrizio, Sudeikat, Jan, Uhlig, Maike, Wetzstein, Branimir, and Whelan, Eoin
Abstract: International audience

16. Error probability bounds for decode‐and‐forward relaying with two correlated sources

Author: Institute for Telecommunications, Vienna University of Technology ; Vienna University, telecom Bretagne / Lab_STICC_TB_CACS_COM ; Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC) ; CNRS - Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Télécom Bretagne - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) - Institut Mines-Télécom - PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - CNRS - Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Télécom Bretagne - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) - Institut Mines-Télécom - PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - CIRTA'COM ; Ecole Supérieure des Communications de Tunis - Ecole Supérieure des Communications de Tunis - Département Electronique (ELEC) ; Télécom Bretagne - Institut Mines-Télécom - PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC) ; CNRS - Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Télécom Bretagne - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) - ENSTA Bretagne - Institut Mines-Télécom - PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest - CNRS - ENSTA Bretagne - Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest, Department of Signals and Systems ; Chalmers University of Technology, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC) ; CNRS - Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Télécom Bretagne - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) - ENSTA Bretagne - Institut Mines-Télécom - PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest, Schwandter, Stefan, Fares Jridi, Haifa, Graell I Amat, Alexandre, MATZ, Gerald, Institute for Telecommunications, Vienna University of Technology ; Vienna University, telecom Bretagne / Lab_STICC_TB_CACS_COM ; Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC) ; CNRS - Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Télécom Bretagne - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) - Institut Mines-Télécom - PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - CNRS - Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Télécom Bretagne - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) - Institut Mines-Télécom - PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - CIRTA'COM ; Ecole Supérieure des Communications de Tunis - Ecole Supérieure des Communications de Tunis - Département Electronique (ELEC) ; Télécom Bretagne - Institut Mines-Télécom - PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC) ; CNRS - Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Télécom Bretagne - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) - ENSTA Bretagne - Institut Mines-Télécom - PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest - CNRS - ENSTA Bretagne - Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest, Department of Signals and Systems ; Chalmers University of Technology, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC) ; CNRS - Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO) - Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS) - Télécom Bretagne - Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) - ENSTA Bretagne - Institut Mines-Télécom - PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest, Schwandter, Stefan, Fares Jridi, Haifa, Graell I Amat, Alexandre, and MATZ, Gerald
Abstract: International audience, We derive bounds on the error probability of optimal and sub-optimal detectors in an uncoded decode-and-forward relay system with two correlated information sources. This setup is relevant to wireless sensor networks where nearby sensors collect spatially correlated data. We show that taking into account the source correlation at the relay and at the destination leads to signiﬁcant performance gains. Simulation results corroborate the tightness of our analytical bounds.

17. ESA Climate Change Initiative Root Zone Soil Moisture Product: Deliverable D7.1 Study Report

Author: Buechi, Piet Emanuel, de Lannoy, Gabriëlle, Heyvaert, Zdenko, Calvet, Jean-Christophe, Xu, Yiwen, Dorigo, Wouter, Geophysics Department [Vienna] (TU Wien), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Technologie campus Gent - KU Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESA-CCI, and Vienna University of Technology
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: This document forms the deliverable D7.1, version 2.0, ESA CCI R&D CCN 1; Study Report, Task 1 Root Zone Soil Moisture Product (RZSM) and was compiled for the ESA Climate Change Initiative Plus Soil Moisture Project (ESRIN Contract No: 4000126684/19/I-NB: ”ESA CCI+ Phase 1 New R&D on CCI ECVS Soil Moisture”) under Contract Change Notice 1 (CCN 1). For more information on the CCI programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) see https://climate.esa.int/en/.
Published: 2022

18. Sociohydrology: Scientific Challenges in Addressing the Sustainable Development Goals

Author: Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Sivapalan, Murugesu, Rusca, Maria, Cudennec, Christophe, Garcia, Margaret, Kreibich, Heidi, Konar, Megan, Mondino, Elena, Mård, Johanna, Pande, Saket, Sanderson, Matthew R., Tian, Fuqiang, Viglione, Alberto, Wei, Jing, Wei, Yongping, Yu, David J., Srinivasan, Veena, Blöschl, Günter, Department of Earth Sciences [ Uppsala], Uppsala University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), China University of Geosciences [Beijing], Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Technical University of Vienna [Vienna] (TU WIEN), Department of Hydraulic Engineering [Tianjin] (DHE), Tianjin Agricultural University (TJAU), Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Dept Earth Sci, Center National Hazards and Disaster Science (CNDS), Center National Hazards and Disaster Science, Uppsala University Hospital, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, Dept Water Management, Dept Hydraul Engn, Tsinghua University, Inst Hydraul Engn & Water Resources Management, Vienna University of Technology, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, University of Adelaide, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, Purdue University, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Vienna Institute of Biotechnology (VIBT), Department of Earth Sciences [Uppsala], AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: coupled human, Water Management, coupled human, flood risk, socio-hydrology, water-resources, tarim river-basin, energy-food nexus, environmental-health, political ecology, natural disasters, systems-analysis, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Marine & Freshwater Biology, Water, Resources, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Grand Challenges in the Earth and Space Sciences, Sustainable Development Goals, energy-food nexus, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, flood risk, Oceanografi, hydrologi och vattenresurser, Debris Flow and Landslides, systems-analysis, Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources, Regional Planning, environmental-health, Hydrological, Human Impacts, Marine & Freshwater Biology, socio-hydrology, political ecology, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, precautionary principle, Drought, Resilience, Feature Article, Water, Policy Sciences, Sustainable Development, tarim river-basin, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Floods, Resources, Human Impact, water crises, natural disasters, Hydrology, sociohydrology, water-resources, Natural Hazards, legacy effects
Abstract: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations Agenda 2030 represent an ambitious blueprint to reduce inequalities globally and achieve a sustainable future for all mankind. Meeting the SDGs for water requires an integrated approach to managing and allocating water resources, by involving all actors and stakeholders, and considering how water resources link different sectors of society. To date, water management practice is dominated by technocratic, scenario‐based approaches that may work well in the short term but can result in unintended consequences in the long term due to limited accounting of dynamic feedbacks between the natural, technical, and social dimensions of human‐water systems. The discipline of sociohydrology has an important role to play in informing policy by developing a generalizable understanding of phenomena that arise from interactions between water and human systems. To explain these phenomena, sociohydrology must address several scientific challenges to strengthen the field and broaden its scope. These include engagement with social scientists to accommodate social heterogeneity, power relations, trust, cultural beliefs, and cognitive biases, which strongly influence the way in which people alter, and adapt to, changing hydrological regimes. It also requires development of new methods to formulate and test alternative hypotheses for the explanation of emergent phenomena generated by feedbacks between water and society. Advancing sociohydrology in these ways therefore represents a major contribution toward meeting the targets set by the SDGs, the societal grand challenge of our time., Key Points The crises that humanity faces over access to a clean water supply are increasingly connected and are growing in complexitySociohydrology researchers must address several scientific challenges to strengthen basic knowledge and broaden the range of solvable problemsAdvances in sociohydrology research are progress toward meeting the targets defined by the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals
Published: 2019

19. Design and Management of Interfirm Networks

Author: Windsperger, Josef, Cliquet, Gérard, Hendriksen, N. B., Sreckovic, Marijana, Department of Business Administration, University of Vienna [Vienna], Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Centre de recherche en économie et management (CREM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management |Rotterdam], KBS, Vienna University of Technology, Windsperger, J., Cliquet, G., Hendrikse, G., Srećković, M., Department of Organisation and Personnel Management, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: competitiveness, access to innovation, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, inter-organizational networks
Abstract: International audience; Offers an interdisciplinary understanding of the economics and management of interfirm networks Presents new research perspectives on the relationship between networks and innovation Highlights a network-centric view of the new digital economyInterfirm networks include franchising, retail and service chains, cooperatives, financial networks, joint ventures, strategic alliances, licensing, public-private partnerships and new network forms in the digital economy. This book gathers the latest research studies that approach these networks – and the creation of innovation under the conditions of a complex, dynamic, knowledge-intensive and digital economy – from an interdisciplinary perspective. The studies, all of which were written by respected experts, explore how firms can improve their competitiveness by securing access to innovation, knowledge, complementary resources and capabilities otherwise not available to them. In addition, they highlight how, driven by an unpredictable environment, firms embedded in inter-organizational networks are increasingly transforming from co-operators to collaborators and valuable co-creators of innovation.
Published: 2019

20. Massive lateral transfer of genes encoding plant cell wall-degrading enzymes to the mycoparasitic fungus Trichoderma from its plant-associated hosts

Author: Igor V. Grigoriev, Youzhi Miao, Alexey G. Kopchinskiy, Irina S. Druzhinina, Kurt LaButti, Shadi Pourmehdi, Asaf Salamov, Kamariah Abu Salim, Kerrie Barry, Jian Zhang, Lea Atanasova, Mohammad Javad Rahimi, Bernard Henrissat, Hope Hundley, Qirong Shen, Alan Kuo, Anna Lipzen, Komal Chenthamara, Feng Cai, Christian P. Kubicek, Marica Grujic, Andrea Aerts, Carina Pretzer, Dongqing Yang, Mei Wang, Research Area Biotechnology and Microbiology, Technical University of Vienna [Vienna] (TU WIEN)-Institute of Chemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien (TU Wien), Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (LLF UMR7110), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Nanjing Agricultural University, Fac Sci, Environm & Life Sci, University of Brunei Darussalam (Biology Department), Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, U.S Department of Energy, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)-U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Dept Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Joint Genome institute, United States Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute (DOE), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), ANR-17-CE34-0002,EMBRASE,Environnement MicroBiologique et Risque Allergique, Suivi des Enfants à 5 ans(2017), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien)-Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanjing Agricultural University (NAU), U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P 25613 B20], Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231], National Natural Science Foundation of China [31330069], Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (973 Program) [2015CB150500], IDEX Aix-Marseille (Grant Microbio-E), Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre [WWTF-LS13-048], Martin, Francis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Druzhinina, Irina S., and Shen, Qirong
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Gene Transfer, genome sequence, phylogenetic analysis, transplant recipient, multiple alignments, dna polymorphism, pythium-ultimum, life-style, web server, evolution, reesei, Fungal genetics, Cell Wall, Scanning, Fungal genomics, Genetics (clinical), Phylogeny, Data Management, 2. Zero hunger, Trichoderma, Fungal protein, Microscopy, Phylogenetic analysis, biology, Ascomycota, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Eukaryota, food and beverages, Basidiomycota, Genomics, Plants, Phylogenetics, Parasite evolution, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Hypocreales, Biotechnology, Research Article, Computer and Information Sciences, Hypha, lcsh:QH426-470, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Glycoside Hydrolases, Hyphae, Fungus, Mycology, Electron, complex mixtures, Horizontal, Fungal Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Genetics, Evolutionary Systematics, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Taxonomy, Evolutionary Biology, fungi, Organisms, technology, industry, and agriculture, Fungi, Biology and Life Sciences, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Ascomycetes, lcsh:Genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Parasitology, Fungal evolution, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Unlike most other fungi, molds of the genus Trichoderma (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) are aggressive parasites of other fungi and efficient decomposers of plant biomass. Although nutritional shifts are common among hypocrealean fungi, there are no examples of such broad substrate versatility as that observed in Trichoderma. A phylogenomic analysis of 23 hypocrealean fungi (including nine Trichoderma spp. and the related Escovopsis weberi) revealed that the genus Trichoderma has evolved from an ancestor with limited cellulolytic capability that fed on either fungi or arthropods. The evolutionary analysis of Trichoderma genes encoding plant cell wall-degrading carbohydrate-active enzymes and auxiliary proteins (pcwdCAZome, 122 gene families) based on a gene tree / species tree reconciliation demonstrated that the formation of the genus was accompanied by an unprecedented extent of lateral gene transfer (LGT). Nearly one-half of the genes in Trichoderma pcwdCAZome (41%) were obtained via LGT from plant-associated filamentous fungi belonging to different classes of Ascomycota, while no LGT was observed from other potential donors. In addition to the ability to feed on unrelated fungi (such as Basidiomycota), we also showed that Trichoderma is capable of endoparasitism on a broad range of Ascomycota, including extant LGT donors. This phenomenon was not observed in E. weberi and rarely in other mycoparasitic hypocrealean fungi. Thus, our study suggests that LGT is linked to the ability of Trichoderma to parasitize taxonomically related fungi (up to adelphoparasitism in strict sense). This may have allowed primarily mycotrophic Trichoderma fungi to evolve into decomposers of plant biomass., Author summary Individual fungi rely on particular host organisms or substrates for their nutrition. Therefore, the genomes of fungi feeding on plant biomass necessarily contain genes encoding plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, while animal parasites may depend on proteolytic activity. Molds in the genus Trichoderma (Ascomycota) display a unique nutritional versatility. They can feed on other fungi, attack animals, and degrade plant debris. The later property is so efficient that one species (T. reesei) is commercially used for the production of cellulolytic enzymes required for making biofuels and other industry. In this work, we have investigated the evolution of proteins required for plant cell wall degradation in nine Trichoderma genomes and found an unprecedented number of lateral gene transfer (LGT) events for genes encoding these enzymes. Interestingly, the transfers specifically occurred from Ascomycota molds that feed on plants. We detected no cases of LGT from other fungi (e.g., mushrooms or wood-rotting fungi from Basidiomycota) that are frequent hosts of Trichoderma. Therefore, we propose that LGT may be linked to the ability of Trichoderma to parasitize on related organisms. This is a characteristic ecological trait that distinguishes Trichoderma from other mycoparasitic fungi. In this report, we demonstrate that the lateral transfer of genes may result in a profound nutritional expansion and contribute to the emergence of a generalist capable of feeding on organic matter of any origin.
Published: 2018

21. Analysis of a finite-volume scheme for a single-species biofilm model

Author: Christoph Helmer, Ansgar Jüngel, Antoine Zurek, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées de Compiègne (LMAC), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing [Wien], Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), and Zurek, Antoine
Subjects: Numerical Analysis, finite-volume scheme, Biofilm growth, Applied Mathematics, Numerical Analysis (math.NA), [MATH.MATH-NA] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Quantitative Biology::Other, convergence of the scheme, 35K51, 35K65, 35K67, 35Q92, Computational Mathematics, entropy variable, two-point flux approximation, FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35K51, 35K65, 35K67, 35Q92, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: An implicit Euler finite-volume scheme for a parabolic reaction-diffusion system modeling biofilm growth is analyzed and implemented. The system consists of a degenerate-singular diffusion equation for the biomass fraction, which is coupled to a diffusion equation for the nutrient concentration, and it is solved in a bounded domain with Dirichlet boundary conditions. By transforming the biomass fraction to an entropy-type variable, it is shown that the numerical scheme preserves the lower and upper bounds of the biomass fraction. The existence and uniqueness of a discrete solution and the convergence of the scheme are proved. Numerical experiments in one and two space dimensions illustrate, respectively, the rate of convergence in space of our scheme and the temporal evolution of the biomass fraction and the nutrient concentration.
Published: 2023

22. Highly dispersed Rh single atoms over graphitic carbon nitride as a robust catalyst for the hydroformylation reaction

Author: Lole Jurado, Jerome Esvan, Ligia A. Luque-Álvarez, Luis F. Bobadilla, José A. Odriozola, Sergio Posada-Pérez, Albert Poater, Aleix Comas-Vives, M. Rosa Axet, Institut de chimie et procédés pour l'énergie, l'environnement et la santé (ICPEES), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMSE), Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona (IQCC), Universitat de Girona (UdG), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, Catalysis
Abstract: International audience; Rhodium-catalysed hydroformylation, effective tool in bulk and fine-chemical synthesis, predominantly uses soluble metal complexes. For that reason, the metal leaching and the catalyst recycling are still the major drawbacks of this process. Single-atom catalysts have emerged as a powerful tool to combine the advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Since using an appropriate support material is key to create stable, finely dispersed, single-atom catalysts, here we show that Rh atoms anchored on graphitic carbon nitride are robust catalysts for the hydroformylation reaction of styrene.
Published: 2023

23. The remarkable stability of social housing in Vienna and Helsinki: a multi-dimensional analysis

Author: Justin Kadi, Johanna Lilius, Vienna University of Technology, Department of Architecture, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: Urban Studies, Comparative housing research, Sociology and Political Science, Austria, residualization, urban housing systems, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), privatization, Finland
Abstract: Funding Information: We thank three anonymous reviewers and the editor for useful feeback and suggestions. The paper draws on data from the Eurostat, EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. The responsibility for all conclusions drawn from the data lies entirely with the authors. We acknowledge funding from the TU Wien Bibliothek Open Access Funding Programme. The research was supported by the The Swedish Cultural Foundation in Finland (Foundation´s Post Doc Pool). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. The supply of social housing has been marked by erosion and decline in most Western Europe countries since the 1990s, albeit with considerable variation in timing, speed and degree. Recently, it has been suggested that the sector has kept a more prominent position at the local level, at least in some cities. This paper scrutinizes this claim by comparing the development of social housing in two cities in two distinct national housing systems that have traditionally had a strong commitment to social housing: Vienna and Helsinki. To do so, we build a multi-dimensional framework that encompasses sector size, stock privatization, new housing production, and residualization. We empirically demonstrate a remarkable stability along these dimensions in both cases, albeit with some differences in degree. A number of factors need to be considered to explain this stability. They relate to aspects of institutional design of the social housing systems, as well as to continuity in policies at national and local levels.
Published: 2022

24. Converging on a Semantic Interoperability Framework for the European Data Space for Science, Research and Innovation (EOSC)

Author: David, Romain, Baumann, Kurt, Le Franc, Yann, Magagna, Barbara, Vogt, Lars, Widmann, Heinrich, Jouneau, Thomas, Koivula, Hanna, Madon, Bénédicte, Åkerström, Wolmar Nyberg, Ojsteršek, Milan, Scharnhorst, Andrea, Schubert, Chris, Shi, Zhengdong, Tanca, Letizia, Vancauwenbergh, Sadia, European Research Infrastructure on Highly Pathogenic Agents (ERINHA-AISBL), SWITCH, e-Science Data Factory [Paris] (e-SDF), GO FAIR Foundation, TIB Leibniz Information Centre For Science and Technology University Library, German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ), Université de Lorraine (UL), Life Science Center Keilaniemi, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University-Stockholm University-Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University-Stockholm University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Université Paris-Saclay, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Hasselt University (UHasselt), This research is a product of the Task Force 'Semantic Interoperability' of the EOSC Association,the legal entity established to govern the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). Complementary support and information were provided through European projects projects 'EOSC-Life'(Nº824087), 'EOSC-Future' (Nº101017536) and 'FAIR Impact' (Nº101057344)., Cassia Trojahn, Luiz Olavo Bonino da Silva Santos, Giancarlo Guizzardi, Clement Jonquet, FAIR Impact, EOSC Association, EOSC Future, EOSC Life, European Project: 824087,EOSC-Life, European Project: EOSC Association, European Project: 101057344,FAIR-IMPACT, and European Project: 101017536,EOSC Future
Subjects: FAIR Principles, Roadmap, definitions, Semantic interoperability, Interoperable, Semantic interoperability, European Open Science Cloud, Crosswalk, Roadmap, Interoperable, FAIR Principles, definitions, linked data, machine actionability, Semantic interoperability European Open Science Cloud Crosswalk Roadmap Interoperable FAIR Principles definitions linked data machine actionability, [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, machine actionability, linked data, [INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL], European Open Science Cloud, Crosswalk
Abstract: Semantic interoperability (SI) is at the heart of the FAIR principles and the design of large-scale cross-disciplinary infrastructures. The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) is a European-wide effort towards such an infrastructure, aiming to deepen regional research collaboration and realising a shared data space for science, research and innovation. In this context, the research community’s voice is represented by the EOSC Association (EOSC-A) and a number of advisory groups with a broad range of representatives from different stakeholder organisations. The advisory group on metadata and data quality has formed a task force focusing on developing and implementing recommendations for SI (EOSC SI Task Force) to converge on globally relevant and scalable SI solutions for EOSC. This paper provides context to SI in EOSC, the various components contributing to it, as well as some views on the socio-technical challenges to arriving at a consensus. In particular, the paper provides motivation for exploring the heterogeneity of SI solutions demonstrated across scientific communities and insight into the task force’s planned approach to conducting a survey to identify relevant components and structures. The paper is also an invitation to the global community to align and engage with the task force’s activities going forward., This research is a product of the Task Force "Semantic Interoperability" of the EOSC-Association European, the legal entity established to govern the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). Complementary support and information were provided through European projects "EOSC-Life" (No824087) and "FAIR Impact" (No101057344). This paper is linked to the Supplementary Material - Magagna, Barbara, Baumann, Kurt, David, Romain, Jouneau, Thomas, Le Franc, Yann, Koivula, Hanna, Madon, Bénédicte, Nyberg Åkerström, Wolmar, Ojsteršek, Milan, Scharnhorst, Andrea, Schubert, Chris, Shi, Zhengdong, Tanca, Letizia, Vancauwenbergh, Sadia, Vogt, Lars, & Widmann, Heinrich. (2023). Proposal for the EOSC Semantic Interoperability Questionnaire (1.0.2). 2nd Workshop on Ontologies for FAIR and FAIR Ontologies (Onto4FAIR), Sherbrooke, Québec (Canada). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028392 This Supplementary Material will be updated during the process of the survey-completion, {"references":["Magagna, Barbara, Baumann, Kurt, David, Romain, Jouneau, Thomas, Le Franc, Yann, Koivula, Hanna, Madon, Bénédicte, Nyberg Åkerström, Wolmar, Ojsteršek, Milan, Scharnhorst, Andrea, Schubert, Chris, Shi, Zhengdong, Tanca, Letizia, Vancauwenbergh, Sadia, Vogt, Lars, & Widmann, Heinrich. (2023). Proposal for the EOSC Semantic Interoperability Questionnaire (1.0.2). 2nd Workshop on Ontologies for FAIR and FAIR Ontologies (Onto4FAIR), Sherbrooke, Québec (Canada). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028392"]}
Published: 2023

25. Distributed information-theoretic biclustering

Author: Georg Pichler, Pablo Piantanida, Gerald Matz, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Telecommunications, Vienna University of Technology (Vienna University), and Piantanida, Pablo
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Statistics and Probability, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Theoretical computer science, Logarithm, Computer science, Computer Science - Information Theory, Binary number, Distributed source coding, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Machine Learning (cs.LG), 010305 fluids & plasmas, Set (abstract data type), Biclustering, [MATH.MATH-IT] Mathematics [math]/Information Theory [math.IT], [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Cardinality, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Redundancy (engineering), Special case, Cluster analysis, [MATH.MATH-ST] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Independence (probability theory), Statistical hypothesis testing, Discrete mathematics, Numerical Analysis, Information Theory (cs.IT), Applied Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-IT]Mathematics [math]/Information Theory [math.IT], Information bottleneck method, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Mutual information, Constraint (information theory), Computational Theory and Mathematics, [INFO.INFO-IT]Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], [INFO.INFO-IT] Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], Analysis
Abstract: We study a novel multi-terminal source coding setup motivated by the biclustering problem. Two separate encoders observe two i.i.d. sequences $X^n$ and $Y^n$, respectively. The goal is to find rate-limited encodings $f(x^n)$ and $g(z^n)$ that maximize the mutual information $I(f(X^n); g(Y^n))/n$. We discuss connections of this problem with hypothesis testing against independence, pattern recognition, and the information bottleneck method. Improving previous cardinality bounds for the inner and outer bounds allows us to thoroughly study the special case of a binary symmetric source and to quantify the gap between the inner and the outer bound in this special case. Furthermore, we investigate a multiple description (MD) extension of the Chief Operating Officer (CEO) problem with mutual information constraint. Surprisingly, this MD-CEO problem permits a tight single-letter characterization of the achievable region., Comment: 30 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; published in Information and Inference
Published: 2016

26. Should auld acquaintance be forgot? Comment on 'Farewell, HSJ!address from the retiring editor' by ZW Kundzewicz

Author: Mike Acreman, Hubert H. G. Savenije, Attilio Castellarin, G. Young, F. Watkins, Günter Blöschl, Christophe Cudennec, Demetris Koutsoyiannis, Alberto Montanari, Koutsoyiannis, D., Cliquet, Catherine, Edition, Hydrological Sciences Journal, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Présidence, International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Secretary General, Institute of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, President Elect, Wilfrid Laurier University (WLU), Past President, 'Panta Rhei' Coordinator [now retired] and President of the International Commission on Water Resources Systems, Technical Editor, Acreman, M., Castellarin, A., Savenije, H. H. G., Cudennec, C., Bloeschl, G., Young, G., Montanari, A., Watkins, F., Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), UNESCO IHE Inst Water Educ, Delft, Netherlands, Institute for Water Education (UNESCO–IHE), Department of Civil Engineering and Geosciences [Delft], Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Institute of Environmental Engineering (Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), and AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: History, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0208 environmental biotechnology, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Hydrology, Classics, 020801 environmental engineering, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: International audience; n his Farewell Editorial, Z.W. (Zbyszek) Kundzewicz (2015 Kundzewicz, Z. W. (2015) Farewell, HSJ!—address from the retiring editor. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 60 (9), 1463–1472, doi:10.1080/02626667.2015.1058627. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] ) provides a fascinating read, useful for older and younger hydrologists alike. It covers the history of Hydrological Sciences Journal (HSJ), official organ of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS), not only during his long-lasting (18 years) service as Editor, but also in earlier times since its first issue was published in 1956. It focuses on the evolution of journal publications and the community behaviours during the last decades and also envisages the future of the journal based on past experience and lessons learned...
Published: 2016

27. Sinusoidal Wave Estimation Using Photogrammetry and Short Video Sequences

Author: Ewelina Rupnik, Josef Jansa, Norbert Pfeifer, Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information Géographique (LaSTIG), École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Dept Geodesy & Geoinformat, and Vienna University of Technology
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), sinusoidal wave, Computer science, Acoustics, water, Phase (waves), Bundle adjustment, lcsh:Chemical technology, System of linear equations, photogrammetry, video, Biochemistry, Least squares, Article, Analytical Chemistry, 3D modeling, Sine wave, Parametric surface, lcsh:TP1-1185, Computer vision, specular, Specular reflection, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Dispersion (water waves), Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, dynamic, business.industry, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, non-rigid, bundle adjustment, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], Reflection (physics), Artificial intelligence, business
Abstract: The objective of the work is to model the shape of the sinusoidal shape of regular water waves generated in a laboratory flume. The waves are traveling in time and render a smooth surface, with no white caps or foam. Two methods are proposed, treating the water as a diffuse and specular surface, respectively. In either case, the water is presumed to take the shape of a traveling sine wave, reducing the task of the 3D reconstruction to resolve the wave parameters. The first conceived method performs the modeling part purely in 3D space. Having triangulated the points in a separate phase via bundle adjustment, a sine wave is fitted into the data in a least squares manner. The second method presents a more complete approach for the entire calculation workflow beginning in the image space. The water is perceived as a specular surface, and the traveling specularities are the only observations visible to the cameras, observations that are notably single image. The depth ambiguity is removed given additional constraints encoded within the law of reflection and the modeled parametric surface. The observation and constraint equations compose a single system of equations that is solved with the method of least squares adjustment. The devised approaches are validated against the data coming from a capacitive level sensor and on physical targets floating on the surface. The outcomes agree to a high degree.
Published: 2015
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28. DELMEP: a deep learning algorithm for automated annotation of motor evoked potential latencies

Author: Diego Milardovich, Victor H. Souza, Ivan Zubarev, Sergei Tugin, Jaakko O. Nieminen, Claudia Bigoni, Friedhelm C. Hummel, Juuso T. Korhonen, Dogu B. Aydogan, Pantelis Lioumis, Nima Taherinejad, Tibor Grasser, Risto J. Ilmoniemi, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Vienna University of Technology, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: Multidisciplinary
Abstract: Funding Information: This research has received funding from the Academy of Finland (Decision Nos. 255347, 265680, 294625, 306845, 348631, and 349985), the Finnish Cultural Foundation, Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Erasmus Mundus SMART2 (No. 552042-EM-1-2014-1-FR-ERA MUNDUSEMA2), the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq; grant number 140787/2014-3), the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ConnectToBrain, grant agreement No. 810377), Personalized Health and Related Technologies (PHRT #2017-205) of the ETH Domain, Defitech Foundation and the Wyss Center for Bio and Neuroengineering. | openaire: EC/H2020/810377/EU//ConnectToBrain The analysis of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is crucial in research and clinical medical practice. MEPs are characterized by their latency and the treatment of a single patient may require the characterization of thousands of MEPs. Given the difficulty of developing reliable and accurate algorithms, currently the assessment of MEPs is performed with visual inspection and manual annotation by a medical expert; making it a time-consuming, inaccurate, and error-prone process. In this study, we developed DELMEP, a deep learning-based algorithm to automate the estimation of MEP latency. Our algorithm resulted in a mean absolute error of about 0.5 ms and an accuracy that was practically independent of the MEP amplitude. The low computational cost of the DELMEP algorithm allows employing it in on-the-fly characterization of MEPs for brain-state-dependent and closed-loop brain stimulation protocols. Moreover, its learning ability makes it a particularly promisingoption for artificial-intelligence-based personalized clinical applications.
Published: 2023

29. Optical thermometry to characterize heat transport in permeable porous media

Author: Arwa Rashed, Maria Klepikova, Gauthier Rousseau, Francesco Gomez, Joris Heyman, Benoît Fond, Yves Méheust, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Meudon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, and European Geosciences Union
Subjects: [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology
Abstract: The study of heat transport in porous media has recently attracted a lot of attention due to the wide range of industrial and geological applications, yet the impact of the structural heterogeneity of naturally occurring aquifers on their hydraulic and thermal properties is often disregarded. In that regard, a novel application of phosphor thermometry to porous media is proposed with the aim of examining under which conditions the validity of existing thermal transfer models in complex natural saturated porous media can be questioned. This experimental technique relies on monitoring the temperature-dependent luminescence properties of solid phosphor particles seeded into the fluid as tracers, using light sources and cameras. It offers the possibility of characterizing quantitatively the interaction between flow and heat transport processes at the pore scale in transparent analog porous media, with minimal interference and from spatially-resolved measurements, hereby overcoming the technical limitations of current experimental techniques, which are constrained to point temperature measurements.Here, as proof of concept, we present a demonstration experiment performed on a slow-moving flow in a synthetic porous medium with a heterogenous size distribution, and using YAG:Cr3+, a thermographic phosphor with a temperature sensitivity exceeding 0.3%/K [1]. The measurements are performed using a modulated light source and are recorded at a sampling rate of 1 kHz during continuous injection of an aqueous solution which is initially at a constant temperature, different from that of the resident solution. The results show the dynamics of the spatial temperature distribution in the porous medium with a precision of ±0.3°C.[1] J. L. Bonilla and B. Fond, "Phosphor thermometry using the phase-shift method: optimization and comparison with decay time method," 2022.
Published: 2023

30. Continuity of Thresholded Mode-Switched ODEs and Digital Circuit Delay Models

Author: Arman Ferdowsi, Matthias Függer, Thomas Nowak, Ulrich Schmid, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Laboratoire Méthodes Formelles (LMF), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), Modeling and Exploitation of Interaction and Concurrency (MEXICO), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Méthodes Formelles (LMF), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), and ANR-21-CE48-0003,DREAMY,Algorithmes distribués pour les systèmes microbiologiques(2021)
Subjects: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Systems and Control (eess.SY), Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract: Thresholded mode-switched ODEs are restricted dynamical systems that switch ODEs depending on digital input signals only, and produce a digital output signal by thresholding some internal signal. Such systems arise in recent digital circuit delay models, where the analog signals within a gate are governed by ODEs that change depending on the digital inputs. We prove the continuity of the mapping from digital input signals to digital output signals for a large class of thresholded mode-switched ODEs. This continuity property is known to be instrumental for ensuring the faithfulness of the model w.r.t. propagating short pulses. We apply our result to several instances of such digital delay models, thereby proving them to be faithful.
Published: 2023

31. Soil moisture estimates at 1 km resolution making a synergistic use of Sentinel data

Author: Remi Madelon, Nemesio J. Rodríguez-Fernández, Hassan Bazzi, Nicolas Baghdadi, Clement Albergel, Wouter Dorigo, Mehrez Zribi, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Centre for Space Applications and Telecommunications (ECSAT), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Institute of Applied Physics [Vienna] (TU Wien), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), and European Space AgencyEuropean Commission
Subjects: Terrasar-x, Retrieval, Calibration, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Integral equation model, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, SAR data, Network, AMSR-E, C-band, Product, General Environmental Science, SMOS
Abstract: Very high-resolution (∼10–100 m) surface soil moisture (SM) observations are important for applications in agriculture, among other purposes. This is the original goal of the S2MP (Sentinel-1/Sentinel-2-Derived Soil Moisture Product) algorithm, which was designed to retrieve surface SM at the agricultural plot scale by simultaneously using Sentinel-1 (S1) backscatter coefficients and Sentinel-2 (S2) NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) as inputs to a neural network trained with Water Cloud Model simulations. However, for many applications, including hydrology and climate impact assessment at regional level, large maps with a high resolution (HR) of around 1 km are already a significant improvement with respect to most of the publicly available SM datasets, which have resolutions of about 25 km. In this study, the S2MP algorithm was adapted to work at 1 km resolution and extended from croplands to herbaceous vegetation types. A target resolution of 1 km also allows the evaluation of the interest in using NDVI derived from Sentinel-3 (S3) instead of S2. Two sets of SM maps at 1 km resolution were produced with S2MP over six regions of ∼104 km2 in Spain, Tunisia, North America, Australia, and the southwest and southeast regions of France for the whole year of 2019. The first set was derived from the combination of S1 and S2 data (S1 + S2 maps), while the second one was derived from the combination of S1 and S3 (S1 + S3 maps). S1 + S2 and S1 + S3 SM maps were compared to each other, to those of the 1 km resolution Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS) SM and Soil Water Index (SWI) datasets, and to those of the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) + S1 product. The S2MP S1 + S2 and S1 + S3 SM maps are in very good agreement in terms of correlation (R≥0.9), bias (≤0.04 m3 m−3), and standard deviation of the difference (SDD≤0.03 m3 m−3) over the six domains investigated in this study. In a second step, the S1 + S3 S2MP maps were compared to the other HR maps. S1 + S3 SM maps are well correlated to the CGLS SM maps (R∼0.7–0.8), but the correlations with respect to the other HR maps (CGLS SWI and SMAP + S1) drop significantly over many areas of the six domains investigated in this study. The highest correlations between the HR maps were found over croplands and when the 1 km pixels have a very homogeneous land cover. The bias among the different maps was found to be significant over some areas of the six domains, reaching values of ±0.1 m3 m−3. The S1 + S3 maps show a lower SDD with respect to CGLS maps (≤0.06 m3 m−3) than with respect to the SMAP + S1 maps (≤0.1 m3 m−3) for all the six domains. Finally, all the HR datasets (S1 + S2, S1 + S3, CGLS, and SMAP + S1) were also compared to in situ measurements from five networks across five countries, along with coarse-resolution (CR) SM products from SMAP, SMOS, and the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (CCI). While all the CR and HR products show different bias and SDD, the HR products show lower correlations than the CR ones with respect to in situ measurements. The discrepancies in between the different HR datasets, except for the more simple land cover conditions (homogeneous pixels with croplands) and the lower performances with respect to in situ measurement than coarse-resolution datasets, show the remaining challenges for large-scale HR SM mapping.
Published: 2023

32. Finite volumes for a generalized Poisson-Nernst-Planck system with cross-diffusion and size exclusion

Author: Cancès, Clément, Herda, Maxime, Massimini, Annamaria, Reliable numerical approximations of dissipative systems (RAPSODI ), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), French ministries of Europe and Foreign Affairs (MEAE) and Higher Education, Research and Innovation (MESRI) through PHC Amadeus 46397PA- Austrian Agency for International Co-operation in Education and Research (OeAD), grant FR 01/2021, ANR-11-LABX-0007,CEMPI,Centre Européen pour les Mathématiques, la Physique et leurs Interactions(2011), ANR-19-CE46-0002,COMODO,Systèmes de diffusion croisée sur des domaines en mouvement(2019), and European Project: 847593,EURAD(2019)
Subjects: convergence, free energy decay, [PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], cross-diffusion, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Drift-diffusion, exponential fitting, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: We present two finite volume approaches for modeling the diffusion of charged particles, specifically ions, in constrained geometries using a degenerate Poisson-Nernst-Planck system with cross-diffusion and volume filling. Both methods utilize a two-point flux approximation and are part of the exponentially fitted scheme framework. The only difference between the two is the selection of a Stolarsky mean for the drift term originating from a self-consistent electric potential. The first version of the scheme, referred to as (SQRA), uses a geometric mean and is an extension of the squareroot approximation scheme. The second scheme, (SG), utilizes an inverse logarithmic mean to create a generalized version of the Scharfetter-Gummel scheme. Both approaches ensure the decay of some discrete free energy. Classical numerical analysis results-existence of discrete solution, convergence of the scheme as the grid size and the time step go to 0-follow. Numerical simulations show that both schemes are effective for moderately small Debye lengths, with the (SG) scheme demonstrating greater robustness in the small Debye length regime.
Published: 2023

33. A discrete boundedness-by-entropy method for finite-volume approximations of cross-diffusion systems

Author: Ansgar Jüngel, Antoine Zurek, Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing [Wien], and Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien)
Subjects: positivity, Applied Mathematics, General Mathematics, discrete chain rule, Numerical Analysis (math.NA), finite-volume method, convergence of the scheme, Computational Mathematics, discrete entropy dissipation, FOS: Mathematics, Cross-diffusion system, 65M08, 65M12, 35K51, 35Q92, 92C37, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: An implicit Euler finite-volume scheme for general cross-diffusion systems with volume-filling constraints is proposed and analyzed. The diffusion matrix may be nonsymmetric and not positive semidefinite, but the diffusion system is assumed to possess a formal gradient-flow structure that yields $L^\infty$ bounds on the continuous level. Examples include the Maxwell-Stefan systems for gas mixtures, tumor-growth models, and systems for the fabrication of thin-film solar cells. The proposed numerical scheme preserves the structure of the continuous equations, namely the entropy dissipation inequality as well as the nonnegativity of the concentrations and the volume-filling constraints. The discrete entropy structure is a consequence of a new vector-valued discrete chain rule. The existence of discrete solutions, their positivity, and the convergence of the scheme is proved. The numerical scheme is implemented for a one-dimensional Maxwell-Stefan model and a two-dimensional thin-film solar cell system. It is illustrated that the convergence rate in space is of order two and the discrete relative entropy decays exponentially., arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2011.08731
Published: 2022

34. Novel ion imaging concept based on time-of-flight measurements with low gain avalanche detectors

Author: Ulrich-Pur, Felix, Bergauer, Thomas, Hirtl, Albert, Irmler, Christian, Kaser, Stefanie, Pitters, Florian, Rit, Simon, HEP, INSPIRE, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Image reconstruction in medical imaging, Physics - Medical Physics, [PHYS] Physics [physics], [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Instrumentation for hadron therapy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Accelerator applications, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Medical Physics (physics.med-ph), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], ddc:610, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract: Journal of Instrumentation 18(02), C02062 (2023). doi:10.1088/1748-0221/18/02/C02062, Published by Inst. of Physics, London
Published: 2023
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35. A P Systems Variant for Reasoning about Sequential Controllability of Boolean Networks

Author: Alhazov, Artiom, Ferrari-Dominguez, Vincent, Freund, Rudolf, Glade, Nicolas, Ivanov, Sergiu, Vladimir Andrunachievici Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Faculty of Informatics, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity / Recherche Translationnelle et Innovation en Médecine et Complexité - UMR 5525 (TIMC ), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Informatique, BioInformatique, Systèmes Complexes (IBISC), and Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL), [INFO.INFO-LO]Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], Computer Science - Formal Languages and Automata Theory, Complexity, Reachability, [INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL], Boolean networks, Boolean P systems
Abstract: A Boolean network is a discrete dynamical system operating on vectors of Boolean variables. The action of a Boolean network can be conveniently expressed as a system of Boolean update functions, computing the new values for each component of the Boolean vector as a function of the other components. Boolean networks are widely used in modelling biological systems that can be seen as consisting of entities which can be activated or deactivated, expressed or inhibited, on or off. P systems on the other hand are classically introduced as a model of hierarchical multiset rewriting. However, over the years the community has proposed a wide range of P system variants including diverse ingredients suited for various needs. In this work, we propose a new variant -- Boolean P systems -- specifically designed for reasoning about sequential controllability of Boolean networks, and use it to first establish a crisp formalization of the problem, and then to prove that the problem of sequential controllability is PSPACE-complete. We further claim that Boolean P systems are a demonstration of how P systems can be used to construct ad hoc formalisms, custom-tailored for reasoning about specific problems, and providing new advantageous points of view., Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2208.14723
Published: 2023
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36. LongEval: Longitudinal Evaluation of Model Performance at CLEF 2023

Author: Rabab Alkhalifa, Iman Bilal, Hsuvas Borkakoty, Jose Camacho-Collados, Romain Deveaud, Alaa El-Ebshihy, Luis Espinosa-Anke, Gabriela Gonzalez-Saez, Petra Galuščáková, Lorraine Goeuriot, Elena Kochkina, Maria Liakata, Daniel Loureiro, Harish Tayyar Madabushi, Philippe Mulhem, Florina Piroi, Martin Popel, Christophe Servan, Arkaitz Zubiaga, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), University of Dammam - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, University of Warwick [Coventry], Cardiff University, QWANT enterprise, Modélisation et Recherche d’Information Multimédia [Grenoble] (MRIM ), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), The Alan Turing Institute, University of Bath [Bath], Fakultät für Mathematik und Geoinformation [Wien] (TU Wien), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Research Studios Austria, QWANT, Sciences et Technologies des Langues (STL), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Numérique (LISN), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-19-CE23-0029,Kodicare,Variations de l'environnement d'évaluation : caractérisation du delta et impact sur l'évolution continue des systèmes de recherche d'information(2019)
Subjects: Temporal Generalisability, [INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR], Information Retrieval, Evaluation, Temporal Persistence, Text Classification
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we describe the plans for the first LongEval CLEF 2023 shared task dedicated to evaluating the temporal persistence of Information Retrieval (IR) systems and Text Classifiers. The task is motivated by recent research showing that the performance of these models drops as the test data becomes more distant, with respect to time, from the training data. LongEval differs from traditional shared IR and classification tasks by giving special consideration to evaluating models aiming to mitigate performance drop over time. We envisage that this task will draw attention from the IR community and NLP researchers to the problem of temporal persistence of models, what enables or prevents it, potential solutions and their limitations.
Published: 2023

37. Optimisation of the total population size for logistic diffusive equations: bang-bang property and fragmentation rate

Author: Idriss Mazari, Grégoire Nadin, Yannick Privat, Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing [Wien], Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL (UMR_7598)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée (IRMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), TOkamaks and NUmerical Simulations (TONUS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), I Mazari was partially supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) projects I4052-N32 and F65. I. Mazari, G. Nadin and Y. Privat were partially supported by the Project 'Analysis and simulation of optimal shapes - application to lifesciences' of the Paris City Hall., ANR-18-CE40-0013,SHAPO,Optimisation de forme(2018), CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision (CEREMADE), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), and Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, shape optimization, 010102 general mathematics, calculus of variations, bilinear optimal control, 01 natural sciences, 010101 applied mathematics, optimal control, 35Q92,49J99,34B15, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Optimization and Control (math.OC), FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], AMS: 35Q92,49J99,34B15, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], 0101 mathematics, diffusive logistic equation, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Analysis, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract: International audience; In this article, we give an in-depth analysis of the problem of optimising the total population size for a standard logistic-diffusive model. This optimisation problem stems from the study of spatial ecology and amounts to the following question: assuming a species evolves in a domain, what is the best way to spread resources in order to ensure a maximal population size at equilibrium? {In recent years, many authors contributed to this topic.} We settle here the proof of two fundamental properties of optimisers: the bang-bang one which had so far only been proved under several strong assumptions, and the other one is the fragmentation of maximisers. Here, we prove the bang-bang property in all generality using a new spectral method. The technique introduced to demonstrate the bang-bang character of optimizers can be adapted and generalized to many optimization problems with other classes of bilinear optimal control problems where the state equation is semilinear and elliptic. We comment on it in a conclusion section.Regarding the geometry of maximisers, we exhibit a blow-up rate for the $BV$-norm of maximisers as the diffusivity gets smaller: if $\Omega$ is an orthotope and if $m_\mu$ is an optimal control, then $\Vert m_\mu\Vert_{BV}\gtrsim \sqrt{\mu}$. The proof of this results relies on a very fine energy argument.
Published: 2021

38. Suitability of modelled and remotely sensed essential climate variables for monitoring Euro-Mediterranean droughts

Author: Jean-Christophe Calvet, Fabienne Maignan, Philippe Ciais, Camille Szczypta, Frédéric Baret, Wouter Dorigo, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation des Surfaces et Interfaces Continentales (MOSAIC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), European Commission 218795, French REMEMBER project within the HYMEX initiative, ANR 2012 SOCENV 001, Region Midi-Pyrenees, Meteo-France, GEOLAND2, ESA's Climate Change Initiative for Soil Moisture 4000104814/11/I-NB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technical University of Vienna [Vienna] (TU WIEN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Calvet, J-C
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, télédétection, 0207 environmental engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, zone méditerranéenne, climat méditerranéen, Ecosystem, variable climatique, Leaf area index, Predictability, Milieux et Changements globaux, 020701 environmental engineering, modélisation, sécheresse, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Climatology, Phenology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Biosphere, Growing degree-day, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, lcsh:Geology, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, surveillance, Environmental science, Climatologie
Abstract: Two new remotely sensed leaf area index (LAI) and surface soil moisture (SSM) satellite-derived products are compared with two sets of simulations of the ORganizing Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic EcosystEms (ORCHIDEE) and Interactions between Soil, Biosphere and Atmosphere, CO2-reactive (ISBA-A-gs) land surface models. We analyse the interannual variability over the period 1991–2008. The leaf onset and the length of the vegetation growing period (LGP) are derived from both the satellite-derived LAI and modelled LAI. The LGP values produced by the photosynthesis-driven phenology model of ISBA-A-gs are closer to the satellite-derived LAI and LGP than those produced by ORCHIDEE. In the latter, the phenology is based on a growing degree day model for leaf onset, and on both climatic conditions and leaf life span for senescence. Further, the interannual variability of LAI is better captured by ISBA-A-gs than by ORCHIDEE. In order to investigate how recent droughts affected vegetation over the Euro-Mediterranean area, a case study addressing the summer 2003 drought is presented. It shows a relatively good agreement of the modelled LAI anomalies with the observations, but the two models underestimate plant regrowth in the autumn. A better representation of the root-zone soil moisture profile could improve the simulations of both models. The satellite-derived SSM is compared with SSM simulations of ISBA-A-gs only, as ORCHIDEE has no explicit representation of SSM. Overall, the ISBA-A-gs simulations of SSM agree well with the satellite-derived SSM and are used to detect regions where the satellite-derived product could be improved. Finally, a correspondence is found between the interannual variability of detrended SSM and LAI. The predictability of LAI is less pronounced using remote sensing observations than using simulated variables. However, consistent results are found in July for the croplands of the Ukraine and southern Russia.
Published: 2014

39. Global-scale comparison of passive (SMOS) and active (ASCAT) satellite based microwave soil moisture retrievals with soil moisture simulations (MERRA-Land)

Author: Yann Kerr, Ahmad Al Bitar, Wouter Dorigo, G. De Lannoy, Rolf H. Reichle, Wolfgang Wagner, P. Richaume, Amen Al-Yaari, Agnès Ducharne, Arnaud Mialon, J. P. Wigneron, Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE - UR1263), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Vienna University of Technology, Technical University of Vienna [Vienna] (TU WIEN), Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Soil Science, 02 engineering and technology, Collocation (remote sensing), 01 natural sciences, Soil, MERRA-Land, Time series, Computers in Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, Moisture, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Vegetation, Geology, Global, 15. Life on land, Scatterometer, Arid, LAI, ASCAT, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Environmental science, Satellite, Scale (map), SMOS
Abstract: Global surface soil moisture (SSM) datasets are being produced based on active and passive microwave satellite observations and simulations from land surface models (LSM). This study investigates the consistency of two global satellite-based SSM datasets based on microwave remote sensing observations from the passive Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS; SMOSL3 version 2.5) and the active Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT; version TU-Wien-WARP 5.5) with respect to LSM SSM from the MERRA-Land data product. The relationship between the global-scale SSM products was studied during the 2010–2012 period using (1) a time series statistics (considering both original SSM data and anomalies), (2) a space–time analysis using Hovmöller diagrams, and (3) a triple collocation error model. The SMOSL3 and ASCAT retrievals are consistent with the temporal dynamics of modeled SSM (correlation R>0.70 for original SSM) in the transition zones between wet and dry climates, including the Sahel, the Indian subcontinent, the Great Plains of North America, eastern Australia, and south-eastern Brazil. Over relatively dense vegetation covers, a better consistency with MERRA-Land was obtained with ASCAT than with SMOSL3. However, it was found that ASCAT retrievals exhibit negative correlation versus MERRA-Land in some arid regions (e.g., the Sahara and the Arabian Peninsula). In terms of anomalies, SMOSL3 better captures the short term SSM variability of the reference dataset (MERRA-Land) than ASCAT over regions with limited radio frequency interference (RFI) effects (e.g., North America, South America, and Australia). The seasonal and latitudinal variations of SSM are relatively similar for the three products, although the MERRA-Land SSM values are generally higher and their seasonal amplitude is much lower than for SMOSL3 and ASCAT. Both SMOSL3 and ASCAT have relatively comparable triple collocation errors with similar spatial error patterns: (i) lowest errors in arid regions (e.g., Sahara and Arabian Peninsula), due to the very low natural variability of soil moisture in these areas, and Central America, and (ii) highest errors over most of the vegetated regions (e.g., northern Australia, India, central Asia, and South America). However, the ASCAT SSM product is prone to larger random errors in some regions (e.g., north-western Africa, Iran, and southern South Africa). Vegetation density was found to be a key factor to interpret the consistency with MERRA-Land between the two remotely sensed products (SMOSL3 and ASCAT) which provides complementary information on SSM. This study shows that both SMOS and ASCAT have thus a potential for data fusion into long-term data records. publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Global-scale comparison of passive (SMOS) and active (ASCAT) satellite based microwave soil moisture retrievals with soil moisture simulations (MERRA-Land) journaltitle: Remote Sensing of Environment articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.07.013 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. ispartof: Remote Sensing of Environment vol:152 pages:614-626 status: published
Published: 2014

40. Seasonality of the particle number concentration and size distribution: a global analysis retrieved from the network of Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) near-surface observatories

Author: C. Rose, M. Collaud Coen, E. Andrews, Y. Lin, I. Bossert, C. Lund Myhre, T. Tuch, A. Wiedensohler, M. Fiebig, P. Aalto, A. Alastuey, E. Alonso-Blanco, M. Andrade, B. Artíñano, T. Arsov, U. Baltensperger, S. Bastian, O. Bath, J. P. Beukes, B. T. Brem, N. Bukowiecki, J. A. Casquero-Vera, S. Conil, K. Eleftheriadis, O. Favez, H. Flentje, M. I. Gini, F. J. Gómez-Moreno, M. Gysel-Beer, A. G. Hallar, I. Kalapov, N. Kalivitis, A. Kasper-Giebl, M. Keywood, J. E. Kim, S.-W. Kim, A. Kristensson, M. Kulmala, H. Lihavainen, N.-H. Lin, H. Lyamani, A. Marinoni, S. Martins Dos Santos, O. L. Mayol-Bracero, F. Meinhardt, M. Merkel, J.-M. Metzger, N. Mihalopoulos, J. Ondracek, M. Pandolfi, N. Pérez, T. Petäjä, J.-E. Petit, D. Picard, J.-M. Pichon, V. Pont, J.-P. Putaud, F. Reisen, K. Sellegri, S. Sharma, G. Schauer, P. Sheridan, J. P. Sherman, A. Schwerin, R. Sohmer, M. Sorribas, J. Sun, P. Tulet, V. Vakkari, P. G. van Zyl, F. Velarde, P. Villani, S. Vratolis, Z. Wagner, S.-H. Wang, K. Weinhold, R. Weller, M. Yela, V. Zdimal, P. Laj, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology (CIEMAT), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Institute of Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology, German Federal Environmental Agency / Umweltbundesamt (UBA), North-West University [Potchefstroom] (NWU), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Agence Nationale pour la Gestion des Déchets Radioactifs (ANDRA), Environmental Radioactivity Lab, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR 'Demokritos' (NCSR 'Demokritos'), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Meteorological Observatory Hohenpeissenberg (MOHp), University of Utah, Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory [Heraklion] (ECPL), Department of Chemistry [Heraklion], University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC)-University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, CISRO Oceans and Atmosphere, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences (NIMS), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Division of Nuclear Physics, Lund University [Lund], Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras Campus (UPR-RP), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de La Réunion (OSU-Réunion), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the ASCR, Czech Republic, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Atmosphérique Expérimentale (CAE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (ZAMG), Appalachian State University, University of North Carolina System (UNC), Atmospheric Sounding Station 'El Arenosillo', Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China, Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, 4S Company, Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung (TROPOS), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), European Project: 654109,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,ACTRIS-2(2015), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Helsinki, University of Granada [Granada], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Planetary boundary layer, QC1-999, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, 010501 environmental sciences, Spatial distribution, Atmospheric sciences, 114 Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Atmosphere, medicine, Cloud condensation nuclei, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, QD1-999, Diel vertical migration, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Physics, Seasonality, medicine.disease, Aerosol, Chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Climate model, Trollobservatoriet
Abstract: This research was supported by the European Commission's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (ACTRIS2 (grant agreement no. 654109)), the University of Helsinki, the Finnish Meteorological Institute, the Department of Science and Innovation of South Africa, the Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence programme (project no. 272041), the Academy of Finland project Greenhouse gas, aerosol and albedo variations in the changing Arctic (project no. 269095), the Novel Assessment of Black Carbon in the Eurasian Arctic: From Historical Concentrations and Sources to Future Climate Impacts (NABCEA, project no. 296302), the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program "Development of Monitoring and Analysis Techniques for Atmospheric Composition in Korea" (grant no. KMA2018-00522), the National Research Foundation of Korea (grant no. 2017R1D1A1B06032548), the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program (grant no. KMI2018-01111), the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration, the China Meteorological Administration, the National Scientific Foundation of China (41675129, 41875147), the National Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (grant no. 2016YFC0203305 and 2018YFC0213204), the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sci-ences (2020KJ001), the Innovation Team for Haze-fog Observation and Forecasts of MOST and CMA, CNRS-INSU, the French Ministry for Research under the ACTRIS-FR national research infrastructure, the French Ministry of the Environment, MeteoSwiss (GAW-CH aerosol monitoring programme), the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI), the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of CR within National Sustainability Program I (NPU I, grant no. LO1415), ERDF "ACTRISCZ RI" (grant no. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001315), CRISOL (CGL2017-85344-R MINECO/AEI/FEDER, UE), TIGAS-CM (Madrid Regional Government Y2018/EMT-5177), AIRTECCM (Madrid Regional Government P2018/EMT4329), REDMAAS2020 (RED2018-102594-T CIENCIA), Red de Excelencia ACTRIS-ESPANA (CGL2017-90884-REDT), the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, FEDER funds (project HOUSE, grant no. CGL2016-78594-R), the Generalitat de Catalunya (AGAUR 2017 SGR41 and the DGQA), the National Institute for Aerospace Technology, the Ministerio Espanol de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (projects no. CGL2016-81092-R, CGL2017-90884-REDT, RTI2018-097864-BI00 and PGC2018-098770-B-I00), the Andalusia Regional Government (project no. P18-RT-3820), the PANhellenic infrastructure for Atmospheric Composition and climate change (MIS 5021516), Research and Innovation Infrastructure, Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation (grant no. NSRF 20142020), the Italian Ministry of Research and Education, the Norwegian Environment Agency, Swedish FORMAS, the Swedish Research Council (VR), the Magnus Bergvall foundation, the Marta och Erik Holmberg foundation, and the Swedish EPA., Aerosol particles are a complex component of the atmospheric system which influence climate directly by interacting with solar radiation, and indirectly by contributing to cloud formation. The variety of their sources, as well as the multiple transformations they may undergo during their transport (including wet and dry deposition), result in significant spatial and temporal variability of their properties. Documenting this variability is essential to provide a proper representation of aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in climate models. Using measurements conducted in 2016 or 2017 at 62 ground-based stations around the world, this study provides the most up-to-date picture of the spatial distribution of particle number concentration (N-tot) and number size distribution (PNSD, from 39 sites). A sensitivity study was first performed to assess the impact of data availability on N-tot's annual and seasonal statistics, as well as on the analysis of its diel cycle. Thresholds of 50% and 60% were set at the seasonal and annual scale, respectively, for the study of the corresponding statistics, and a slightly higher coverage (75 %) was required to document the diel cycle. Although some observations are common to a majority of sites, the variety of environments characterizing these stations made it possible to highlight contrasting findings, which, among other factors, seem to be significantly related to the level of anthropogenic influence. The concentrations measured at polar sites are the lowest (similar to 10(2) cm(-3)) and show a clear seasonality, which is also visible in the shape of the PNSD, while diel cycles are in general less evident, due notably to the absence of a regular day-night cycle in some seasons. In contrast, the concentrations characteristic of urban environments are the highest (similar to 10(3)-10(4) cm(-3)) and do not show pronounced seasonal variations, whereas diel cycles tend to be very regular over the year at these stations. The remaining sites, including mountain and non-urban continental and coastal stations, do not exhibit as obvious common behaviour as polar and urban sites and display, on average, intermediate N-tot (similar to 10(2)-10(3) cm(-3)). Particle concentrations measured at mountain sites, however, are generally lower compared to nearby lowland sites, and tend to exhibit somewhat more pronounced seasonal variations as a likely result of the strong impact of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) influence in connection with the topography of the sites. ABL dynamics also likely contribute to the diel cycle of N-tot observed at these stations. Based on available PNSD measurements, CCN-sized particles (considered here as either >50 nm or >100 nm) can represent from a few percent to almost all of N-tot, corresponding to seasonal medians on the order of similar to 10 to 1000 cm(-3), with seasonal patterns and a hierarchy of the site types broadly similar to those observed for N-tot. Overall, this work illustrates the importance of in situ measurements, in particular for the study of aerosol physical properties, and thus strongly supports the development of a broad global network of near surface observatories to increase and homogenize the spatial coverage of the measurements, and guarantee as well data availability and quality. The results of this study also provide a valuable, freely available and easy to use support for model comparison and validation, with the ultimate goal of contributing to improvement of the representation of aerosol-cloud interactions in models, and, therefore, of the evaluation of the impact of aerosol particles on climate., European Commission's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (ACTRIS2) 654109, University of Helsinki, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Department of Science and Innovation of South Africa, Academy of Finland 272041, Academy of Finland project Greenhouse gas, aerosol and albedo variations in the changing Arctic 269095, Novel Assessment of Black Carbon in the Eurasian Arctic: From Historical Concentrations and Sources to Future Climate Impacts (NABCEA) 296302, Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program "Development of Monitoring and Analysis Techniques for Atmospheric Composition in Korea" KMA2018-00522, National Research Foundation of Korea 2017R1D1A1B06032548, Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program KMI2018-01111, Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration, China Meteorological Administration, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 41675129 41875147, National Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China 2016YFC0203305 2018YFC0213204, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences 2020KJ001, Innovation Team for Haze-fog Observation and Forecast of MOST Innovation Team for Haze-fog Observation and Forecast of CMA Innovation Team for Haze-fog Observation and Forecast of CNRS-INSU, French Ministry for Research under the ACTRIS-FR national research infrastructure, French Ministry of the Environment, MeteoSwiss (GAW-CH aerosol monitoring programme), Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of CR within National Sustainability Program I (NPU I) LO1415, ERDF "ACTRISCZ RI" CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001315, CRISOL CGL2017-85344, TIGAS-CM (Madrid Regional Government) Y2018/EMT-5177, AIRTECCM (Madrid Regional Government) P2018/EMT4329, REDMAAS2020 RED2018-102594-T, Red de Excelencia ACTRIS-ESPANA CGL2017-90884-REDT, Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, FEDER funds CGL2016-78594-R, Generalitat de Catalunya, General Electric AGAUR 2017 SGR41, National Institute for Aerospace Technology, Ministerio Espanol de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO) Spanish Government CGL2017-90884-REDT CGL2016-81092-R RTI2018-097864-BI00 PGC2018-098770-B-I00, Andalusia Regional Government P18-RT-3820, PANhellenic infrastructure for Atmospheric Composition and climate change MIS 5021516, Research and Innovation Infrastructure, Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation NSRF 20142020, Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR), Norwegian Environment Agency, Swedish FORMAS, Swedish Research Council, Magnus Bergvall foundation, Marta och Erik Holmberg foundation, Swedish EPA
Published: 2021

41. Nanometer-Scale Ge-Based Adaptable Transistors Providing Programmable Negative Differential Resistance Enabling Multivalued Logic

Author: Raphael Böckle, Masiar Sistani, Walter M. Weber, Minh Anh Luong, Alois Lugstein, Martien Den Hertog, David Falkensteiner, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Laboratoire d'Etude des Matériaux par Microscopie Avancée (LEMMA ), Modélisation et Exploration des Matériaux (MEM), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Matériaux, Rayonnements, Structure (NEEL - MRS), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
Subjects: Operability, Computer science, Transistor, General Engineering, Nanowire, General Physics and Astronomy, law.invention, law, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Electronic engineering, General Materials Science, Charge carrier, Electronics, Differential (infinitesimal), Polarity (mutual inductance), Hardware_LOGICDESIGN, Electronic circuit
Abstract: The functional diversification and adaptability of the elementary switching units of computational circuits are disruptive approaches for advancing electronics beyond the static capabilities of conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor-based architectures. Thereto, in this work the one-dimensional nature of monocrystalline and monolithic Al-Ge-based nanowire heterostructures is exploited to deliver charge carrier polarity control and furthermore to enable distinct programmable negative differential resistance at runtime. The fusion of electron and hole conduction together with negative differential resistance in a universal adaptive transistor may enable energy-efficient reconfigurable circuits with multivalued operability that are inherent components of emerging artificial intelligence electronics.
Published: 2021

42. Optimisation of the total population size with respect to the initial condition for semilinear parabolic equations: two-scale expansions and symmetrisations

Author: Idriss Mazari, Grégoire Nadin, Ana Isis Toledo Marrero, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL (UMR_7598)), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: General Physics and Astronomy, Scale (descriptive set theory), shape optimisation, 01 natural sciences, optimal control, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35Q92, 49J99, 34B15, Reaction–diffusion system, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Applied mathematics, Initial value problem, Order (group theory), [MATH]Mathematics [math], 0101 mathematics, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematical Physics, Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Regular polygon, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics, Optimal control, Parabolic partial differential equation, 010101 applied mathematics, Reaction-diffusion equations, two-scale expansions, Optimization and Control (math.OC), [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Isoperimetric inequality, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract: In this article, we propose in-depth analysis and characterisation of the optimisers of the following optimisation problem: how to choose the initial condition u 0 in order to maximise the spatial integral at a given time of the solution of the semilinear equation u t −Δu = f(u), under L ∞ and L 1 constraints on u 0? Our contribution in the present paper is to give a characterisation of the behaviour of the optimiser u ¯ 0 when it does not saturate the L ∞ constraints, which is a key step in implementing efficient numerical algorithms. We give such a characterisation under mild regularity assumptions by proving that in that case u ¯ 0 can only take values in the ‘zone of concavity’ of f. This is done using two-scale asymptotic expansions. We then show how well-known isoperimetric inequalities yield a full characterisation of maximisers when f is convex. Finally, we provide several numerical simulations in one and two dimensions that illustrate and exemplify the fact that such characterisations significantly improve the computational time. All our theoretical results are in the one-dimensional case and we offer several comments about possible generalisations to other contexts, or obstructions that may prohibit doing so.
Published: 2021

43. Inexpensive polynomial-degree- and number-of-hanging-nodes-robust equilibrated flux a posteriori estimates for isogeometric analysis

Author: Gantner, Gregor, Vohralík, Martin, Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing [Wien], Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Simulation for the Environment: Reliable and Efficient Numerical Algorithms (SERENA), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Mathématiques et Calcul Scientifique (CERMICS), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC), and European Project: 647134,H2020 ERC,ERC-2014-CoG,GATIPOR(2015)
Subjects: [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: We consider isogeometric discretizations of the Poisson model problem, focusing on high polynomial degrees and strong hierarchical refinements. We derive a posteriori error estimates by equilibrated fluxes, i.e., vector-valued mapped piecewise polynomials lying in the H(div) space which appropriately approximate the desired divergence constraint. Our estimates are constant-free in the leading term, locally efficient, and robust with respect to the polynomial degree. They are also robust with respect to the number of hanging nodes arising in adaptive mesh refinement employing hierarchical B-splines. Two partitions of unity are designed, one with larger supports corresponding to the mapped splines, and one with small supports corresponding to mapped piecewise affine polynomials. The equilibration is only performed on the small supports, avoiding the higher computational price of equilibration on the large supports or even a global system solve. Thus, the derived estimates are also as inexpensive as possible. An abstract framework for such a setting is developed, whose application to a specific situation only requests a verification of a few clearly identified assumptions. Numerical experiments illustrate the theoretical developments.
Published: 2022

44. Linear-sized independent sets in random cographs and increasing subsequences in separable permutations

Author: Feray, Valentin, Bassino, Frédérique, Bouvel, Mathilde, Drmota, Michael, Gerin, Lucas, Maazoun, Mickaël, Pierrot, Adeline, Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord (LIPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Designing the Future of Computational Models (MOCQUA), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Formal Methods (LORIA - FM), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Discrete Mathematics and Geometry [Vienne] (TU Wien), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Institut Élie Cartan de Lorraine (IECL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées (UMPA-ENSL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Numérique (LISN), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Mathematics::Combinatorics, [MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO], Probability (math.PR), FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics, Combinatorics (math.CO), 60C05, 05A05, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract: This paper is interested in independent sets (or equivalently, cliques) in uniform random cographs. We also study their permutation analogs, namely, increasing subsequences in uniform random separable permutations. First, we prove that, with high probability as $n$ gets large, the largest independent set in a uniform random cograph with $n$ vertices has size $o(n)$. This answers a question of Kang, McDiarmid, Reed and Scott. Using the connection between graphs and permutations via inversion graphs, we also give a similar result for the longest increasing subsequence in separable permutations. These results are proved using the self-similarity of the Brownian limits of random cographs and random separable permutations, and actually apply more generally to all families of graphs and permutations with the same limit. Second, and unexpectedly given the above results, we show that for $\beta >0$ sufficiently small, the expected number of independent sets of size $\beta n$ in a uniform random cograph with $n$ vertices grows exponentially fast with $n$. We also prove a permutation analog of this result. This time the proofs rely on singularity analysis of the associated bivariate generating functions., Comment: 35 pages, 3 figures, attached python worksheet for the singularity analysis computation. v3: presentation improved, following referee's suggestions, use of journal layout
Published: 2022

45. Roadmap on wavefront shaping and deep imaging in complex media

Author: Gigan, Sylvain, Katz, Ori, De Aguiar, Hilton B., Andresen, Esben Ravn, Aubry, Alexandre, Bertolotti, Jacopo, Bossy, Emmanuel, Bouchet, Dorian, Brake, Joshua, Brasselet, Sophie, Bromberg, Yaron, Cao, Hui, Chaigne, Thomas, Cheng, Zhongtao, Choi, Wonshik, Čižmár, Tomáš, Cui, Meng, Curtis, Vincent R., Defienne, Hugo, Hofer, Matthias, Horisaki, Ryoichi, Horstmeyer, Roarke, Ji, Na, LaViolette, Aaron K., Mertz, Jerome, Moser, Christophe, Mosk, Allard P., Pégard, Nicolas C., Piestun, Rafael, Popoff, Sebastien, Phillips, David B., Psaltis, Demetri, Rahmani, Babak, Rigneault, Hervé, Rotter, Stefan, Tian, Lei, Vellekoop, Ivo M., Waller, Laura, Wang, Lihong, Weber, Timothy, Xiao, Sheng, Xu, Chris, Yamilov, Alexey, Yang, Changhuei, Yılmaz, Hasan, Afd Nanophotonics, Sub Nanophotonics, Nanophotonics, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Langevin - Ondes et Images (UMR7587) (IL), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), School of Physics and Astronomy [Exeter], University of Exeter, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères] (LIPhy ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Harvey Mudd College, Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Cornell University [New York], Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T), University of Missouri System, Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Yale University [New Haven], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Korea University [Seoul], Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Leibniz Association, Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Purdue University [West Lafayette], University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Glasgow], University of Glasgow, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Duke University [Durham], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Department of Biomedical Engineering [Boston], Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Utrecht University [Utrecht], University of Colorado [Boulder], Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Boston University] (ECE), University of Twente, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences (Berkeley EECS), Institute of Material Science and Nanotechnology and National Nanotechnology Research Center [Bilkent university] (UNAM), Bilkent University [Ankara], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), University of California [Berkeley], University of California, University of Twente [Netherlands], Yılmaz, Hasan, Afd Nanophotonics, Sub Nanophotonics, and Nanophotonics
Subjects: lensless endoscope, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, speckle-correlation, FOS: Physical sciences, real-time, wavefront shaping, Imaging, multimode fibers, adaptive optics, Scattering, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Electronic, Physics - Biological Physics, Optical and Magnetic Materials, mesoscopic physics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, focusing light, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Microscopy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], scattering, imaging, phase-conjugation, Multimode fibers, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph), thick tissue, Mesoscopic physics, field-of-view, Wavefront shaping, microscopy, learning approach, and Optics, Adaptive optics, scattering media, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract: The last decade has seen the development of a wide set of tools, such as wavefront shaping, computational or fundamental methods, that allow to understand and control light propagation in a complex medium, such as biological tissues or multimode fibers. A vibrant and diverse community is now working on this field, that has revolutionized the prospect of diffraction-limited imaging at depth in tissues. This roadmap highlights several key aspects of this fast developing field, and some of the challenges and opportunities ahead., submitted to J.Phys Photonics (IOP), 116 pages, 23 sections
Published: 2022

46. AUIT – the Adaptive User Interfaces Toolkit for Designing XR Applications

Author: João Marcelo Evangelista Belo, Mathias N. Lystbæk, Anna Maria Feit, Ken Pfeuffer, Peter Kán, Antti Oulasvirta, Kaj Grønbæk, Aarhus University, Saarland University, Vienna University of Technology, Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: adaptive user interfaces, multi-objective optimization, context-awareness, toolkit, extended reality
Abstract: Funding Information: This work was supported by the Innovation Fund Denmark (IFD grant no. 6151-00006B) as part of the Manufacturing Academy of Denmark (MADE) Digital project. Antti Oulasvirta was supported by the Finnish Center for Artifcial Intelligence (FCAI), and Academy of Finland grants ‘Human Automata’ and ‘BAD’. Special thanks to Aïna Linn Georges for the help with revisions and the anonymous reviewers for constructive feedback that helped improve the paper. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Owner/Author. Adaptive user interfaces can improve experiences in Extended Reality (XR) applications by adapting interface elements according to the user's context. Although extensive work explores different adaptation policies, XR creators often struggle with their implementation, which involves laborious manual scripting. The few available tools are underdeveloped for realistic XR settings where it is often necessary to consider conflicting aspects that affect an adaptation. We fill this gap by presenting AUIT, a toolkit that facilitates the design of optimization-based adaptation policies. AUIT allows creators to flexibly combine policies that address common objectives in XR applications, such as element reachability, visibility, and consistency. Instead of using rules or scripts, specifying adaptation policies via adaptation objectives simplifies the design process and enables creative exploration of adaptations. After creators decide which adaptation objectives to use, a multi-objective solver finds appropriate adaptations in real-time. A study showed that AUIT allowed creators of XR applications to quickly and easily create high-quality adaptations.
Published: 2022

47. Counting embeddings of rooted trees into families of rooted trees

Author: Gittenberger, Bernhard, Gołębiewski, Zbigniew, Larcher, Isabella, Sulkowska, Małgorzata, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Combinatorics, Optimization and Algorithms for Telecommunications (COATI), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-COMmunications, Réseaux, systèmes Embarqués et Distribués (Laboratoire I3S - COMRED), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM), Applied Mathematics, Probability (math.PR), [INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM], Theoretical Computer Science, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Computational Theory and Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO], FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Combinatorics (math.CO), Geometry and Topology, Mathematics - Probability, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics
Abstract: The number of embeddings of a partially ordered set $S$ in a partially ordered set $T$ is the number of subposets of $T$ isomorphic to $S$. If both, $S$ and $T$, have only one unique maximal element, we define good embeddings as those in which the maximal elements of $S$ and $T$ overlap. We investigate the number of good and all embeddings of a rooted poset $S$ in the family of all binary trees on $n$ elements considering two cases: plane (when the order of descendants matters) and non-plane. Furthermore, we study the number of embeddings of a rooted poset $S$ in the family of all planted plane trees of size $n$. We derive the asymptotic behaviour of good and all embeddings in all cases and we prove that the ratio of good embeddings to all is of the order $\Theta(1/\sqrt{n})$ in all cases, where we provide the exact constants. Furthermore, we show that this ratio is non-decreasing with $S$ in the plane binary case and asymptotically non-decreasing with $S$ in the non-plane binary case and in the planted plane case. Finally, we comment on the case when $S$ is disconnected., Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2022

48. Wavenumber-explicit stability and convergence analysis of hp finite element discretizations of Helmholtz problems in piecewise smooth media

Author: Bernkopf, M., Chaumont-Frelet, T., Melenk, J. M., Fakultät für Mathematik und Geoinformation [Wien] (TU Wien), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Modélisation et méthodes numériques pour le calcul d'interactions onde-matière nanostructurée (ATLANTIS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), and Chaumont-Frelet, Théophile
Subjects: Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Numerical Analysis (math.NA), Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, [MATH.MATH-NA] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], [MATH.MATH-AP] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract: We present a wavenumber-explicit convergence analysis of the hp finite element method applied to a class of heterogeneous Helmholtz problems with piecewise analytic coefficients at large wavenumber $k$. Our analysis covers the heterogeneous Helmholtz equation with Robin, exact Dirichlet-to-Neumann, and second order absorbing boundary conditions, as well as perfectly matched layers.
Published: 2022

49. Comparative transcriptomics reveals different strategies of Trichoderma mycoparasitism

Author: Atanasova, Lea, Crom, Stephane Le, Gruber, Sabine, Coulpier, Fanny, Seidl-Seiboth, Verena, Kubicek, Christian P, Druzhinina, Irina S, Research Area Biotechnology and Microbiology, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien)-Institute of Chemical Engineering, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (LBD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GenomiqueENS (Genomique ENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien)-GmBH c/o Institute of Chemical Engineering, This study was supported by Austrian Science Found (FWF): project number P21266 to CPK and 17895 to ISD. SLC and FC were supported by the Infrastrutures en Biologie Santé et Agronomie (IBISA)., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plateforme Génomique de l'IBENS, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), and BMC, Ed.
Subjects: Trichoderma, Gene Expression Profiling, Hypocrea, Genes, Fungal, Down-Regulation, food and beverages, Biocontrol, T. reesei, Rhizoctonia, Up-Regulation, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], T. virens, Genetics, [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Microbial Interactions, Mycoparasitism, Gene expression, Transcriptomics, Biotechnology, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Research Article, T. atroviride
Abstract: International audience; ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Trichoderma is a genus of mycotrophic filamentous fungi (teleomorph Hypocrea) which possess a bright variety of biotrophic and saprotrophic lifestyles. The ability to parasitize and/or kill other fungi (mycoparasitism) is used in plant protection against soil-borne fungal diseases (biological control, or biocontrol). To investigate mechanisms of mycoparasitism, we compared the transcriptional responses of cosmopolitan opportunistic species and powerful biocontrol agents Trichoderma atroviride and T. virens with tropical ecologically restricted species T. reesei during confrontations with a plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani. RESULTS: The three Trichoderma spp. exhibited a strikingly different transcriptomic response already before physical contact with alien hyphae. T. atroviride expressed an array of genes involved in production of secondary metabolites, GH16 Ss-glucanases, various proteases and small secreted cysteine rich proteins. T. virens, on the other hand, expressed mainly the genes for biosynthesis of gliotoxin, respective precursors and also glutathione, which is necessary for gliotoxin biosynthesis. In contrast, T. reesei increased the expression of genes encoding cellulases and hemicellulases, and of the genes involved in solute transport. The majority of differentially regulated genes were orthologues present in all three species or both in T. atroviride and T. virens, indicating that the regulation of expression of these genes is different in the three Trichoderma spp. The genes expressed in all three fungi exhibited a nonrandom genomic distribution, indicating a possibility for their regulation via chromatin modification. CONCLUSION: This genome-wide expression study demonstrates that the initial Trichoderma mycotrophy has differentiated into several alternative ecological strategies ranging from parasitism to predation and saprotrophy. It provides first insights into the mechanisms of interactions between Trichoderma and other fungi that may be exploited for further development of biofungicides.
Published: 2013

50. When catalytic P systems with one catalyst can be computationally complete

Author: Rudolf Freund, Artiom Alhazov, Sergiu Ivanov, Vladimir Andrunachievici Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Informatics, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Informatique, BioInformatique, Systèmes Complexes (IBISC), and Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-SC]Computer Science [cs]/Symbolic Computation [cs.SC], Catalytic rules, Computational complexity theory, Computer science, Applied Mathematics, P systems, Priority of catalytic rules, Derivation mode maxobjects, [INFO.INFO-LO]Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, Whole systems, Recursively enumerable language, Computational Theory and Mathematics, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Theory of computation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Completeness (statistics), Algorithm
Abstract: Catalytic P systems are among the first variants of membrane systems ever considered in this area. This variant of systems also features some prominent computational complexity questions, and in particular the problem of using only one catalyst in the whole system: is one catalyst enough to allow for generating all recursively enumerable sets of multisets? Several additional ingredients have been shown to be sufficient for obtaining computational completeness even with only one catalyst. In this paper, we show that one catalyst is sufficient for obtaining computational completeness if either catalytic rules have weak priority over non-catalytic rules or else instead of the standard maximally parallel derivation mode, we use the derivation mode maxobjects, i.e., we only take those multisets of rules which affect the maximal number of objects in the underlying configuration.
Published: 2021

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