227 results on '"Veronika Somoza"'
Search Results
2. Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) mediates fatty acid uptake inhibition by glucose via TAS1R3 and GLUT-2 in Caco-2 enterocytes
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Verena Preinfalk, Isabella Kimmeswenger, Veronika Somoza, and Barbara Lieder
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Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Both high glucose intake with a high-fat meal and inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) have been associated with plasma lipid-lowering effects, but mechanistic understanding linking glucose and fat absorption is lacking. We here hypothesized that glucose ameliorates intestinal fatty acid uptake via a pathway involving DPP4. A concentration of 50 mM glucose reduced mean DPP4 activity in differentiated Caco-2 enterocytes by 42.5 % and fatty acid uptake by 66.0 % via nutrient sensing by the sweet taste receptor subunit TAS1R3 and glucose transporter GLUT-2. No effect of the DPP4 substrates GLP-1 and GIP or of the cellular energy status on the reduced uptake of fatty acids was seen, but a direct interaction between DPP4 and fatty acid transporters is suggested. Conclusively we identified DPP4 as a regulator of fatty acid absorption in Caco-2 enterocytes that mediates the inhibition of intestinal fatty acid uptake by glucose via an interplay of GLUT-2 and TAS1R3.
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- 2024
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3. Activation of the TRPML1 Ion Channel Induces Proton Secretion in the Human Gastric Parietal Cell Line HGT-1
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Alina Ulrike Mueller, Gaby Andersen, Phil Richter, and Veronika Somoza
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TRPML1 ,Mucolipin1 ,MCOLN1 ,calcium ,Lamp1 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The lysosomal Ca2+ channel TRPML1 was found to be responsible for gastric acid secretion in murine gastric parietal cells by inducing the trafficking of H+/K+-ATPase containing tubulovesicles to the apical membrane. Therefore, we hypothesized a similar role of TRPML1 in regulating proton secretion in the immortalized human parietal cell line HGT-1. The primary focus was to investigate the involvement of TRPML1 in proton secretion using the known synthetic agonists ML-SA1 and ML-SA5 and the antagonist ML-SI3 and, furthermore, to identify food-derived compounds that target the channel. Proton secretion stimulated by ML-SA1 was reduced by 122.2 ± 22.7% by the antagonist ML-SI3. The steroid hormone 17β-estradiol, present in animal-derived foods, diminished the proton secretory effect of ML-SA1 by 63.4 ± 14.5%. We also demonstrated a reduction in the proton secretory effects of ML-SA1 and ML-SA5 on TRPML1 knock-down cells. The food-derived compounds sulforaphane and trehalose promoted proton secretion in HGT-1 cells but may act independently of TRPML1. Also, histamine- and caffeine-induced proton secretion were affected by neither the TRPML1 antagonist ML-SI3 nor the TRPML1 knock-down. In summary, the results obtained suggest that the activation of TRPML1 promotes proton secretion in HGT-1 cells, but the channel may not participate in canonical signaling pathways.
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- 2024
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4. Extracellular Vesicles and Particles Modulate Proton Secretion in a Model of Human Parietal Cells
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Agnes Mistlberger-Reiner, Sonja Sterneder, Siegfried Reipert, Sara Wolske, and Veronika Somoza
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2023
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5. Lithium isotopes differentially modify mitochondrial amorphous calcium phosphate cluster size distribution and calcium capacity
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Marshall L. Deline, Joshua Straub, Manisha Patel, Pratigya Subba, Martin Grashei, Frits H. A. van Heijster, Philip Pirkwieser, Veronika Somoza, James D. Livingstone, Michael Beazely, Brian Kendall, Michel J. P. Gingras, Zoya Leonenko, Carmen Höschen, Gertraud Harrington, Katharina Kuellmer, Wangqing Bian, Franz Schilling, Matthew P. A. Fisher, Matthew E. Helgeson, and Tobias Fromme
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mitochondria ,calcium ,mitochondrial calcium ,lithium ,lithium bioactivity ,amorphous calcium phosphate ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Lithium is commonly prescribed as a mood stabilizer in a variety of mental health conditions, yet its molecular mode of action is incompletely understood. Many cellular events associated with lithium appear tied to mitochondrial function. Further, recent evidence suggests that lithium bioactivities are isotope specific. Here we focus on lithium effects related to mitochondrial calcium handling. Lithium protected against calcium-induced permeability transition and decreased the calcium capacity of liver mitochondria at a clinically relevant concentration. In contrast, brain mitochondrial calcium capacity was increased by lithium. Surprisingly, 7Li acted more potently than 6Li on calcium capacity, yet 6Li was more effective at delaying permeability transition. The size distribution of amorphous calcium phosphate colloids formed in vitro was differentially affected by lithium isotopes, providing a mechanistic basis for the observed isotope specific effects on mitochondrial calcium handling. This work highlights a need to better understand how mitochondrial calcium stores are structurally regulated and provides key considerations for future formulations of lithium-based therapeutics.
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- 2023
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6. Ketogenic diets composed of long-chain and medium-chain fatty acids induce cardiac fibrosis in mice
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Felix Sternberg, Christina Sternberg, Andreas Dunkel, Taraneh Beikbaghban, András Gregor, Aleksander Szarzynski, Veronika Somoza, Ingrid Walter, Kalina Duszka, Barbara Kofler, and Elena E. Pohl
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Collagen deposition ,Uncoupling protein 3 ,Dietary therapeutics ,Heart diseases ,Low carbohydrate diets ,4-HNE ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 - Abstract
Purpose: Heart diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Metabolic interventions via ketogenic diets (KDs) have been used for decades to treat epilepsy, and more recently, also diabetes and obesity, as common comorbidities of heart diseases. However, recent reports linked KDs, based on long-chain triglycerides (LCTs), to cardiac fibrosis and a reduction of heart function in rodents. As intervention using medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) was recently shown to be beneficial in murine cardiac reperfusion injury, the question arises as to what extent the fatty acid (FA)-composition in a KD alters molecular markers of FA-oxidation (FAO) and modulates cardiac fibrotic outcome. Methods: The effects of LCT-KD as well as an LCT/MCT mix (8:1 ketogenic ratio) on cardiac tissue integrity and the plasma metabolome were assessed in adult male C57/BL6NRJ mice after eight weeks on the respective diet. Results: Both KDs resulted in increased amount of collagen fibers and cardiac tissue was immunologically indistinguishable between groups. MCT supplementation resulted in i) profound changes in plasma metabolome, ii) reduced hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase upregulation, and mitofusin 2 downregulation, iii) abrogation of LCT-induced mitochondrial enlargement, and iv) enhanced FAO profile. Contrary to literature, mitochondrial biogenesis was unaffected by KDs. We propose that the observed tissue remodeling is caused by the accumulation of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal protein adducts, despite an inconspicuous nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 pathway. Conclusion: We conclude that regardless of the generally favorable effects of MCTs, they cannot inhibit 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal adduct formation and fibrotic tissue formation in this setting. Furthermore, we support the burgeoning concern about the effect of KDs on the cardiac safety profile.
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- 2023
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7. Evaluation of spray-dried eggs as a micronutrient-rich nutritional supplement
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Philip Pirkwieser, Silke Grosshagauer, Andreas Dunkel, Marc Pignitter, Bernard Schneppe, Klaus Kraemer, and Veronika Somoza
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food quality and safety ,nutritional supplement ,nutrient adequacy ,chicken egg ,spray-drying ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Regular consumption of hen eggs can help to prevent deficiencies of essential nutrients, such as essential amino acids, vitamin A and E or trace elements zinc and selenium, for vulnerable populations. This study focused on assessing the nutritional value of spray-dried eggs, favored by their manufacturability, storability and ease of addition to (complementary) foods. Using a wide range of analytical techniques, we recorded and compared the nutrient profiles of commercially produced pasteurized whole eggs and their respective powder samples spray-dried at 160°C. Important nutrients that were not significantly affected by spray-drying include total fat content, several amino acids, α- and δ-tocopherol, lutein, zeaxanthin, essential trace elements and cobalamin. The most notable mean losses were found for unsaturated fatty acids, e.g., linoleic (by −38.7%, from 4.11 ± 0.45 to 2.52 ± 0.75 g/100 g DM) and linolenic acid (by −60.8%, from 0.76 ± 0.05 to 0.30 ± 0.04 g/100 g DM). Despite recording significant retinol losses in two out of three batches, the overall low reduction of −14% recommend spray-dried eggs as a valuable source of vitamin A. A daily intake of spray-dried egg powder corresponding to one medium sized egg meets dietary reference values for children, e.g., by 100% for vitamin E, by 24% for retinol, by 61% for selenium and by 22% for zinc. In conclusion, even though a dry weight comparison favors supplementation with pasteurized whole eggs, our results demonstrate a high potential for spray-dried eggs as nutritional supplement. However, the spray-drying process should be optimized toward higher retentions of unsaturated fatty acids and retinol.
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- 2022
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8. Individual Sweet Taste Perception Influences Salivary Characteristics After Orosensory Stimulation With Sucrose and Noncaloric Sweeteners
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Corinna M. Karl, Ana Vidakovic, Petra Pjevac, Bela Hausmann, Gerhard Schleining, Jakob P. Ley, David Berry, Joachim Hans, Martin Wendelin, Jürgen König, Veronika Somoza, and Barbara Lieder
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sweet taste ,saliva ,mouthfeel ,sucrose ,rebaudioside M ,neohesperidin dihydrochalcone ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Emerging evidence points to a major role of salivary flow and viscoelastic properties in taste perception and mouthfeel. It has been proposed that sweet-tasting compounds influence salivary characteristics. However, whether perceived differences in the sensory properties of structurally diverse sweet-tasting compounds contribute to salivary flow and saliva viscoelasticity as part of mouthfeel and overall sweet taste perception remains to be clarified. In this study, we hypothesized that the sensory diversity of sweeteners would differentially change salivary characteristics in response to oral sweet taste stimulation. Therefore, we investigated salivary flow and saliva viscoelasticity from 21 healthy test subjects after orosensory stimulation with sucrose, rebaudioside M (RebM), sucralose, and neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC) in a crossover design and considered the basal level of selected influencing factors, including the basal oral microbiome. All test compounds enhanced the salivary flow rate by up to 1.51 ± 0.12 g/min for RebM compared to 1.10 ± 0.09 g/min for water within the 1st min after stimulation. The increase in flow rate was moderately correlated with the individually perceived sweet taste (r = 0.3, p < 0.01) but did not differ between the test compounds. The complex viscosity of saliva was not affected by the test compounds, but the analysis of covariance showed that it was associated (p < 0.05) with mucin 5B (Muc5B) concentration. The oral microbiome was of typical composition and diversity but was strongly individual-dependent (permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA): R2 = 0.76, p < 0.001) and was not associated with changes in salivary characteristics. In conclusion, this study indicates an impact of individual sweet taste impressions on the flow rate without measurable changes in the complex viscosity of saliva, which may contribute to the overall taste perception and mouthfeel of sweet-tasting compounds.
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- 2022
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9. TRPA1 Agonist Cinnamaldehyde Decreases Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells More Potently than the Non-agonist Structural Analog Cinnamyl Isobutyrate
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Julia K. Hoi, Barbara Lieder, Beatrix Liebisch, Christiane Czech, Joachim Hans, Jakob P. Ley, and Veronika Somoza
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2020
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10. The Future of Moringa Foods: A Food Chemistry Perspective
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Silke Grosshagauer, Philip Pirkwieser, Klaus Kraemer, and Veronika Somoza
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Moringa oleifera ,food supplements ,food safety ,safety assessment ,nutrient profile ,anti-nutrients ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
The tree Moringa oleifera Lam. provides its leaves, pods, flowers and seeds for human nutrition. The chemical profile of all these Moringa products varies substantially, not only among the different parts of the plants used. Cultivating, processing as well as storage conditions chiefly determine the contents of nutrients and anti-nutritive constituents. Anti-nutrients, e.g., phytic acid or tannins, are present in notable amounts and may affect micronutrient bioavailability. Although Moringa oleifera products have been promoted for several health benefits and are discussed as an alternative treatment in various diseases, risk assessment studies evaluating contamination levels are scarce. Recent investigations have demonstrated alarming contents of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and mycotoxins in Moringa oleifera products, indicating the need for a comprehensive risk assessment and contingent legal regulation of these products. In this mini review, we briefly outline pivotal, food chemistry and nutrition related data on Moringa preparations in order to stimulate in-depth research to close the presented knowledge gaps.
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- 2021
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11. A Comparison of the Impact of Restrictive Diets on the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice
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András Gregor, Laura Huber, Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier, Felix Sternberg, Magdalena Billerhart, Andreas Dunkel, Veronika Somoza, Manfred Ogris, Barbara Kofler, Valter D. Longo, Jürgen König, and Kalina Duszka
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gastrointestinal tract ,caloric restriction ,fasting ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
The rate of gut inflammatory diseases is growing in modern society. Previously, we showed that caloric restriction (CR) shapes gut microbiota composition and diminishes the expression of inflammatory factors along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The current project aimed to assess whether prominent dietary restrictive approaches, including intermittent fasting (IF), fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), and ketogenic diet (KD) have a similar effect as CR. We sought to verify which of the restrictive dietary approaches is the most potent and if the molecular pathways responsible for the impact of the diets overlap. We characterized the impact of the diets in the context of several dietary restriction-related parameters, including immune status in the GI tract; microbiota and its metabolites; bile acids (BAs); gut morphology; as well as autophagy-, mitochondria-, and energy restriction-related parameters. The effects of the various diets are very similar, particularly between CR, IF, and FMD. The occurrence of a 50 kDa truncated form of occludin, the composition of the microbiota, and BAs distinguished KD from the other diets. Based on the results, we were able to provide a comprehensive picture of the impact of restrictive diets on the gut, indicating that restrictive protocols aimed at improving gut health may be interchangeable.
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- 2022
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12. Daily consumption of a dark-roast coffee for eight weeks improved plasma oxidized LDL and alpha-tocopherol status: A randomized, controlled human intervention study
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Christina M. Hochkogler, Kerstin Schweiger, Petra Rust, Marc Pignitter, Johanna Rathmayr, Sebastian Bayer, Christina Chmelirsch, Leonie Hüller, Doris Marko, Roman Lang, Thomas Hofmann, Andrea Christina Kurz, Gerhard Bytof, Ingo Lantz, Dorothea Schipp, and Veronika Somoza
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Dark-roast coffee ,Alpha-tocopherol ,Oxidized LDL ,Lipolysis ,Coffee antioxidants ,N-methylpyridinium ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Scope: Coffee consumption is widely recognized to improve the antioxidant status. We hypothesized a dark-roast coffee to reduce plasma oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and to improve alpha-tocopherol concentrations. Methods and results: After a 4 week, coffee-free run-in period, 86 healthy, randomized volunteers completed either a control (CTRL) or coffee (COFF) intervention in which either 750 mL water (CTRL) or coffee (COFF) were consumed daily for 8 weeks. Blood samples were taken at the begin and after the intervention. Mean changes in oxidized LDL concentrations after coffee consumption (−0.47 ± 15.4 U/L) differed from those of the CTRL-G (5.69 ± 18.8 U/L, p
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- 2019
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13. Dark coffee consumption protects human blood cells from spontaneous DNA damage
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Gudrun Pahlke, Eva Attakpah, Georg Aichinger, Katarina Ahlberg, Christina Maria Hochkogler, Kerstin Schweiger, Dorothea Schipp, Veronika Somoza, and Doris Marko
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Coffee ,DNA integrity ,Nrf2 ,Keap1 ,human PBLs ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Coffee increasingly attracts notice with respect to beneficial health effects. Our objective was to investigate DNA protective effects of a special roast coffee blend of pure Arabica (Coffea arabica L.) in healthy volunteers (n = 96), following a prospective, randomized, controlled study with parallel design (coffee versus water). Potential modulation of Nrf2 signaling was evaluated by focusing on its two master regulators, Nrf2 and Keap1, as well as on Nrf2 translocation in the volunteers’ lymphocytes (PBLs). In this context a newly established fluorescence imaging method for Nrf2 translocation analysis in PBLs turned out as feasible and eligible tool applicable for future studies.After chronical coffee consumption (8 weeks) spontaneous DNA strand breaks were significantly lower in the coffee group compared to water control, suggesting a protective effect of the coffee blend. Nrf2 signaling was remotely affected, indicating that additional mechanisms of protection from DNA damage need to be considered.
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- 2019
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14. Microbial contribution to the caloric restriction-triggered regulation of the intestinal levels of glutathione transferases, taurine, and bile acid
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András Gregor, Marc Pignitter, Slave Trajanoski, Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier, Veronika Somoza, Jürgen König, and Kalina Duszka
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caloric restriction ,microbiota ,bile acids ,taurine ,glutathione ,intestine ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Recently we showed that caloric restriction (CR) triggers an increase in the levels of free taurine, taurine-conjugated bile acids (BA), and other taurine conjugates in intestinal mucosa while decreasing glutathione (GSH) levels in wild-type male mice. In the current project, we decided to investigate whether the microbiota is involved in the response to CR by depleting gut bacteria. The antibiotics treatment diminished CR-specific increase in the levels of free taurine and its conjugates as well as upregulated expression and activity of GSH transferases (GST) in the intestinal mucosa. Further, it diminished a CR-related increase in BAs levels in the liver, plasma, and intestinal mucosa. Transplant of microbiota from CR mice to ad libitum fed mice triggered CR-like changes in MGST1 expression, levels of taurine and taurine conjugates in the mucosa of the ileum. We show for the first time, that microbiota contributes to the intestinal response to CR-triggered changes in BA, taurine, and GST levels.
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- 2021
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15. Reducing the Bitter Taste of Pharmaceuticals Using Cell-Based Identification of Bitter-Masking Compounds
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Leopoldo Raul Beltrán, Sonja Sterneder, Ayse Hasural, Susanne Paetz, Joachim Hans, Jakob Peter Ley, and Veronika Somoza
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bitter taste ,bitter-masking ,cell assay ,sensory analysis ,palatability of pharmaceuticals ,Medicine ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
The palatability of a pharmaceutical preparation is a significant obstacle in developing a patient-friendly dosage form. Bitter taste is an important factor for patients in (i) selecting a certain drug from generic products available in the market and (ii) adhering to a therapeutic regimen. The various methods developed for identification of bitter tasting and bitter-taste modulating compounds present a number of limitations, ranging from limited sensitivity to lack of close correlations with sensory data. In this study, we demonstrate a fluorescence-based assay, analyzing the bitter receptor TAS2R-linked intracellular pH (pHi) of human gastric parietal (HGT-1) cells as a suitable tool for the identification of bitter tasting and bitter-taste modulating pharmaceutical compounds and preparations, which resembles bitter taste perception. Among the fluorometric protocols established to analyze pHi changes, one of the most commonly employed assays is based on the use of the pH-sensitive dye SNARF-1 AM. This methodology presents some limitations; over time, the assay shows a relatively low signal amplitude and sensitivity. Here, the SNARF-1 AM methodology was optimized. The identified bicarbonate extrusion mechanisms were partially inhibited, and measurements were carried out in a medium with lower intrinsic fluorescence, with no need for controlling external CO2 levels. We applied the assay for the screening of flavonoids as potential bitter-masking compounds for guaifenesin, a bitter-tasting antitussive drug. Our findings revealed that eriodictyol, hesperitin and phyllodulcin were the most potent suitable candidates for bitter-masking activity, verified in a human sensory trial.
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- 2022
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16. Long-Term Consumption of a Sugar-Sweetened Soft Drink in Combination with a Western-Type Diet Is Associated with Morphological and Molecular Changes of Taste Markers Independent of Body Weight Development in Mice
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Barbara Lieder, Jozef Čonka, Agnes T. Reiner, Victoria Zabel, Dominik Ameur, Mark M. Somoza, Katarína Šebeková, Peter Celec, and Veronika Somoza
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taste dysfunction ,diet ,mice ,sugar-sweetened beverage ,Western diet ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
We investigated whether the long-term intake of a typical sugar-sweetened soft drink (sugar-sweetened beverage, SSB) alters markers for taste function when combined with a standard diet (chow) or a model chow mimicking a Western diet (WD). Adult male CD1 mice had ad libitum access to tap water or SSB in combination with either the chow or the WD for 24 weeks. Energy intake from fluid and food was monitored three times a week. Cardiometabolic markers (body weight and composition, waist circumference, glucose and lipid profile, and blood pressure) were analyzed at the end of the intervention, as was the number and size of the fungiform papillae as well as mRNA levels of genes associated with the different cell types of taste buds and taste receptors in the circumvallate papillae using a cDNA microarray and qPCR. Although the overall energy intake was higher in the WD groups, there was no difference in body weight or other cardiometabolic markers between the SSB and water groups. The chemosensory surface from the fungiform papillae was reduced by 36 ± 19% (p < 0.05) in the WD group after SSB compared to water intake. In conclusion, the consumption of the SSB reduced the chemosensory surface of the fungiform papillae of CD1 mice when applied in combination with a WD independent of body weight. The data suggest synergistic effects of a high sugar-high fat diet on taste dysfunction, which could further influence food intake and promote a vicious cycle of overeating and taste dysfunction.
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- 2022
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17. Melanoidins from coffee and bread differently influence energy intake: A randomized controlled trial of food intake and gut-brain axis response
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Joel M. Walker, Ilario Mennella, Rosalia Ferracane, Silvia Tagliamonte, Ann-Katrin Holik, Kathrin Hölz, Mark M. Somoza, Veronika Somoza, Vincenzo Fogliano, and Paola Vitaglione
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Obesity ,Dietary fibre ,Diabetes ,Processed foods ,Clinical trial ,Maillard reaction ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Melanoidins are Maillard reaction products similar to dietary fiber but their effect on food intake was under-investigated. A randomized, crossover study of 14 healthy subjects investigated whether melanoidins modulated energy intake and affected the postprandial dynamics of 21 gut-brain modulators of appetite including gastrointestinal peptides, endocannabinoids, N-acylethanolamines and neuropeptides. At breakfast the subjects consumed a bread enriched with either 3 g coffee melanoidins (CM), 3 g bread melanoidins (BM), or a conventional bread (CT). Energy intakes at lunch and throughout the day were measured, while appetite sensations and blood samples were collected before and 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after breakfast. Compared to CT, CM significantly reduced daily energy intake by 26%. CM lowered blood glucose peak, insulin, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone, orexin-A, β-endorphin, and blunted the response of three N-acylethanolamines versus BM. Coffee melanoidins at breakfast reduces daily energy intake and modulates postprandial glycemia and other biomarkers.
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- 2020
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18. Corrigendum to 'Dark coffee consumption protects human blood cells from spontaneous DNA damage' [J. Funct. Foods 55 (2019) 285–295]
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Gudrun Pahlke, Eva Attakpah, Georg Aichinger, Katarina Ahlberg, Christina Maria Hochkogler, Kerstin Schweiger, Dorothea Schipp, Veronika Somoza, and Doris Marko
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Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Published
- 2020
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19. The Role of Bitter Taste Receptors in Cancer: A Systematic Review
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Sofie Zehentner, Agnes T. Reiner, Christoph Grimm, and Veronika Somoza
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bitter taste ,bitter taste receptors ,TAS2Rs ,genetic variability ,cancer risk ,carcinogenesis ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Background: Since it is known that bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are expressed and functionally active in various extra-oral cells, their genetic variability and functional response initiated by their activation have become of broader interest, including in the context of cancer. Methods: A systematic research was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar to identify relevant publications concerning the role of TAS2Rs in cancer. Results: While the findings on variations of TAS2R genotypes and phenotypes and their association to the risk of developing cancer are still inconclusive, gene expression analyses revealed that TAS2Rs are expressed and some of them are predominately downregulated in cancerous compared to non-cancerous cell lines and tissue samples. Additionally, receptor-specific, agonist-mediated activation induced various anti-cancer effects, such as decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as increased apoptosis. Furthermore, the overexpression of TAS2Rs resulted in a decreased tumour incidence in an in vivo study and TAS2R activation could even enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapeutics in vitro. Finally, higher expression levels of TAS2Rs in primary cancerous cells and tissues were associated with an improved prognosis in humans. Conclusion: Since current evidence demonstrates a functional role of TAS2Rs in carcinogenesis, further studies should exploit their potential as (co-)targets of chemotherapeutics.
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- 2021
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20. Gastric Serotonin Biosynthesis and Its Functional Role in L-Arginine-Induced Gastric Proton Secretion
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Ann-Katrin Holik, Kerstin Schweiger, Verena Stoeger, Barbara Lieder, Angelika Reiner, Muhammet Zopun, Julia K. Hoi, Nicole Kretschy, Mark M. Somoza, Stephan Kriwanek, Marc Pignitter, and Veronika Somoza
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human gastric tumor cells ,gastric serotonin release ,immunofluorescence ,proton secretion ,energy metabolism ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Among mammals, serotonin is predominantly found in the gastrointestinal tract, where it has been shown to participate in pathway-regulating satiation. For the stomach, vascular serotonin release induced by gastric distension is thought to chiefly contribute to satiation after food intake. However, little information is available on the capability of gastric cells to synthesize, release and respond to serotonin by functional changes of mechanisms regulating gastric acid secretion. We investigated whether human gastric cells are capable of serotonin synthesis and release. First, HGT-1 cells, derived from a human adenocarcinoma of the stomach, and human stomach specimens were immunostained positive for serotonin. In HGT-1 cells, incubation with the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor p-chlorophenylalanine reduced the mean serotonin-induced fluorescence signal intensity by 27%. Serotonin release of 147 ± 18%, compared to control HGT-1 cells (set to 100%) was demonstrated after treatment with 30 mM of the satiating amino acid L-Arg. Granisetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, reduced this L-Arg-induced serotonin release, as well as L-Arg-induced proton secretion. Similarly to the in vitro experiment, human antrum samples released serotonin upon incubation with 10 mM L-Arg. Overall, our data suggest that human parietal cells in culture, as well as from the gastric antrum, synthesize serotonin and release it after treatment with L-Arg via an HTR3-related mechanism. Moreover, we suggest not only gastric distension but also gastric acid secretion to result in peripheral serotonin release.
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- 2021
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21. Sweet Taste Antagonist Lactisole Administered in Combination with Sucrose, But Not Glucose, Increases Energy Intake and Decreases Peripheral Serotonin in Male Subjects
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Kerstin Schweiger, Verena Grüneis, Julia Treml, Claudia Galassi, Corinna M. Karl, Jakob P. Ley, Gerhard E. Krammer, Barbara Lieder, and Veronika Somoza
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energy intake ,sweet taste ,peripheral serotonin ,sucrose ,glucose ,lactisole ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Knowledge regarding the involvement of sweetness perception on energy intake is scarce. Here, the impact of glucose and sucrose sweetness, beyond their caloric load, on subsequent food intake and biomarkers of satiation was evaluated by co-administration of the sweet taste receptor inhibitor lactisole. A total of 27 healthy, male subjects received solutions of either 10% glucose w/o 60 ppm lactisole or 10% sucrose w/o 60 ppm lactisole. Subsequent food intake from a standardized breakfast was evaluated 2 h after receiving the respective test solution. Changes in postprandial plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin, ghrelin, and serotonin were determined over a period of 120 min, as was the body temperature. Administration of lactisole to the sucrose solution increased the energy intake from the subsequent standardized breakfast by 12.9 ± 5.8% (p = 0.04), led to a decreased Δ AUC of the body core temperature by 46 ± 20% (p = 0.01), and time-dependently reduced Δ serotonin plasma concentrations (−16.9 ± 6.06 ng/mL vs. −0.56 ± 3.7 ng/mL after sucrose administration, p = 0.03). The present study shows that lactisole increases energy intake and decreases plasma serotonin concentrations as well as body core temperature induced by sucrose, but not glucose. This finding may be associated with the different binding affinities of sucrose and glucose to the sweet taste receptor.
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- 2020
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22. In Vitro Digestion of Grape Seed Oil Inhibits Phospholipid-Regulating Effects of Oxidized Lipids
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Sarah Fruehwirth, Sofie Zehentner, Mohammed Salim, Sonja Sterneder, Johanna Tiroch, Barbara Lieder, Martin Zehl, Veronika Somoza, and Marc Pignitter
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grape seed oil ,in vitro digestion ,LC-MS ,lipid oxidation ,phospholipids ,gastric cells ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The intake of dietary lipids is known to affect the composition of phospholipids in gastrointestinal cells, thereby influencing passive lipid absorption. However, dietary lipids rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as vegetable oils, are prone to oxidation. Studies investigating the phospholipid-regulating effect of oxidized lipids are lacking. We aimed at identifying the effects of oxidized lipids from moderately (18.8 ± 0.39 meq O2/kg oil) and highly (28.2 ± 0.39 meq O2/kg oil) oxidized and in vitro digested cold-pressed grape seed oils on phospholipids in human gastric tumor cells (HGT-1). The oils were analyzed for their antioxidant constituents as well as their oxidized triacylglycerol profile by LC-MS/MS before and after a simulated digestion. The HGT-1 cells were treated with polar oil fractions containing epoxidized and hydroperoxidized triacylglycerols for up to six hours. Oxidized triacylglycerols from grape seed oil were shown to decrease during the in vitro digestion up to 40% in moderately and highly oxidized oil. The incubation of HGT-1 cells with oxidized lipids from non-digested oils induced the formation of cellular phospholipids consisting of unsaturated fatty acids, such as phosphocholines PC (18:1/22:6), PC (18:2/0:0), phosphoserine PS (42:8) and phosphoinositol PI (20:4/0:0), by about 40%–60%, whereas the incubation with the in vitro digested oils did not affect the phospholipid metabolism. Hence, the gastric conditions inhibited the phospholipid-regulating effect of oxidized triacylglycerols (oxTAGs), with potential implications in lipid absorption.
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- 2020
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23. Identification of Interleukin-8-Reducing Lead Compounds Based on SAR Studies on Dihydrochalcone-Related Compounds in Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGF-1 cells) In Vitro
- Author
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Katharina Schueller, Joachim Hans, Stefanie Pfeiffer, Jessica Walker, Jakob P. Ley, and Veronika Somoza
- Subjects
structure–activity relationship ,inflammation ,dihydrochalcones ,il-8 ,hgf-1 cells ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Background: In order to identify potential activities against periodontal diseases, eighteen dihydrochalcones and structurally related compounds were tested in an established biological in vitro cell model of periodontal inflammation using human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1 cells). Methods: Subsequently to co-incubation of HGF-1 cells with a bacterial endotoxin (Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide, pgLPS) and each individual dihydrochalcone in a concentration range of 1 µM to 100 µM, gene expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) was determined by qPCR and cellular interleukin-8 (IL-8) release by ELISA. Results: Structure−activity analysis based on the dihydrochalcone backbone and various substitution patterns at its aromatic ring revealed moieties 2′,4,4′,6′-tetrahydroxy 3-methoxydihydrochalcone (7) to be the most effective anti-inflammatory compound, reducing the pgLPS-induced IL-8 release concentration between 1 µM and 100 µM up to 94%. In general, a 2,4,6-trihydroxy substitution at the A-ring and concomitant vanilloyl (4-hydroxy-3-methoxy) pattern at the B-ring revealed to be preferable for IL-8 release inhibition. Furthermore, the introduction of an electronegative atom in the A,B-linker chain led to an increased anti-inflammatory activity, shown by the potency of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid N-vanillylamide (13). Conclusions: Our data may be feasible to be used for further lead structure designs for the development of potent anti-inflammatory additives in oral care products.
- Published
- 2020
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24. Supporting Third Mission activities at Universities: Deans' opinions and recommendations
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Laura Brandt, Barbara Schober, Marie-Therese Schultes, Veronika Somoza, and Christiane Spiel
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Education - Abstract
Universities are increasingly required to address societal challenges in teaching and research as their third mission (TM). We took an educational-psychological approach to assessing parameters which support university members in setting goals and taking action for TM activities. For that purpose, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with the deans of all 19 faculties at the University of Vienna assessing opinions and recommendations related to the TM. In addition, we conducted interviews with 23 TM actors and a university-wide online survey to capture current TM activities. Key requirements for implementing the TM were improved visibility and explicit appreciation of related activities.
- Published
- 2018
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25. Exploring Fingerprints of the Extreme Thermoacidophile Metallosphaera sedula Grown on Synthetic Martian Regolith Materials as the Sole Energy Sources
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Denise Kölbl, Marc Pignitter, Veronika Somoza, Mario P. Schimak, Oliver Strbak, Amir Blazevic, and Tetyana Milojevic
- Subjects
Metallosphaera sedula ,Martian regolith simulants ,EPR spectroscopy ,microbe–mineral interactions ,biosignatures ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The biology of metal transforming microorganisms is of a fundamental and applied importance for our understanding of past and present biogeochemical processes on Earth and in the Universe. The extreme thermoacidophile Metallosphaera sedula is a metal mobilizing archaeon, which thrives in hot acid environments (optimal growth at 74°C and pH 2.0) and utilizes energy from the oxidation of reduced metal inorganic sources. These characteristics of M. sedula make it an ideal organism to further our knowledge of the biogeochemical processes of possible life on extraterrestrial planetary bodies. Exploring the viability and metal extraction capacity of M. sedula living on and interacting with synthetic extraterrestrial minerals, we show that M. sedula utilizes metals trapped in the Martian regolith simulants (JSC Mars 1A; P-MRS; S-MRS; MRS07/52) as the sole energy sources. The obtained set of microbiological and mineralogical data suggests that M. sedula actively colonizes synthetic Martian regolith materials and releases free soluble metals. The surface of bioprocessed Martian regolith simulants is analyzed for specific mineralogical fingerprints left upon M. sedula growth. The obtained results provide insights of biomining of extraterrestrial material as well as of the detection of biosignatures implementing in life search missions.
- Published
- 2017
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26. Impact of Trans-Resveratrol-Sulfates and -Glucuronides on Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity, Nitric Oxide Release and Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species
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Angela Ladurner, Daniel Schachner, Katharina Schueller, Marc Pignitter, Elke H. Heiss, Veronika Somoza, and Verena M. Dirsch
- Subjects
resveratrol metabolites ,eNOS ,NO ,intracellular ROS levels ,endothelial cells ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a polyphenolic natural product mainly present in grape skin, berries and peanuts. In the vasculature resveratrol is thought to boost endothelial function by increasing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression, by enhancing eNOS activity, and by reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Recent studies show that dietary resveratrol is metabolized in the liver and intestine into resveratrol-sulfate and -glucuronide derivatives questioning the relevance of multiple reported mechanistic in vitro data on resveratrol. In this study, we compare side by side different physiologically relevant resveratrol metabolites (resveratrol sulfates- and -glucuronides) and their parent compound in their influence on eNOS enzyme activity, endothelial NO release, and intracellular ROS levels. In contrast to resveratrol, none of the tested resveratrol metabolites elevated eNOS enzyme activity and endothelial NO release or affected intracellular ROS levels, leaving the possibility that not tested metabolites are active and able to explain in vivo findings.
- Published
- 2014
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27. The Alkamide trans-Pellitorine Targets PPARγ via TRPV1 and TRPA1 to Reduce Lipid Accumulation in Developing 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
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Barbara Lieder, Mathias Zaunschirm, Ann-Katrin Holik, Jakob P. Ley, Joachim Hans, Gerhard E. Krammer, and Veronika Somoza
- Subjects
adipogenesis ,miRNA ,fatty acid synthase ,Piper nigrum ,fatty acid uptake ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Adipose tissue is an important endocrine organ in the human body. However, pathological overgrowth is associated with chronic illness. Regulation of adipogenesis and maturation of adipocytes via bioactive compounds in our daily diet has been in focus of research in the past years and showed promising results for agonists of the ion channels transient receptor potential channel (TRP) V1 and A1. Here, we investigated the anti-adipogenic potential and underlying mechanisms of the alkamide trans-pellitorine present in Piper nigrum via TRPV1 and TRPA1 in 3T3-L1 cells. trans-pellitorine was found to suppress mean lipid accumulation, when applied during differentiation and maturation, but also during maturation phase solely of 3T3-L1 cells in a concentration range between 1 nM and 1 μM by up to 8.84 ± 4.97 or 7.49 ± 5.08%, respectively. Blockage of TRPV1 using the specific inhibitor trans-tert-butyl-cyclohexanol demonstrated that the anti-adipogenic activity of trans-pellitorine depends on TRPV1. In addition, blockage of the TRPA1 channel using the antagonist AP-18 showed a TRPA1-dependent signaling in the early to intermediate stages of adipogenesis. On a mechanistic level, treatment with trans-pellitorine during adipogenesis led to reduced PPARγ expression on gene and protein level via activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1, and increased expression of the microRNA mmu-let-7b, which has been associated with reduced PPARγ levels. In addition, cells treated with trans-pellitorine showed decreased expression of the gene encoding for fatty acid synthase, increased expression of microRNA-103 and a decreased short-term fatty acid uptake on the functional level. In summary, these data point to an involvement of the TRPV1 and TRPA1 cation channels in the anti-adipogenic activity of trans-pellitorine via microRNA-let7b and PPARγ. Since trans-pellitorine does not directly activate TRPV1 or TRPA1, an indirect modulation of the channel activity is assumed and warrants further investigation.
- Published
- 2017
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28. The flavanone homoeriodictyol increases SGLT-1-mediated glucose uptake but decreases serotonin release in differentiated Caco-2 cells.
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Barbara Lieder, Julia Katharina Hoi, Ann-Katrin Holik, Katrin Geissler, Joachim Hans, Barbara Friedl, Kathrin Liszt, Gerhard E Krammer, Jakob P Ley, and Veronika Somoza
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Flavanoids and related polyphenols, among them hesperitin, have been shown to modulate cellular glucose transport by targeting SGLT-1 and GLUT-2 transport proteins. We aimed to investigate whether homoeriodictyol, which is structurally related to hesperitin, affects glucose uptake in differentiated Caco-2 cells as a model for the intestinal barrier. The results revealed that, in contrast to other polyphenols, the flavanon homoeriodictyol promotes glucose uptake by 29.0 ± 3.83% at a concentration of 100 μM. The glucose uptake stimulating effect was sensitive to phloridzin, but not to phloretin, indicating an involvement of the sodium-coupled glucose transporter SGLT-1, but not of sodium-independent glucose transporters (GLUT). In addition, in contrast to the increased extracellular serotonin levels by stimulation with 500 mM D-(+)-glucose, treatment with 100 μM homoeriodictyol decreased serotonin release by -48.8 ± 7.57% in Caco-2 cells via a phloridzin-sensitive signaling pathway. Extracellular serotonin levels were also reduced by -57.1 ± 5.43% after application of 0.01 μM homoeriodictyol to human neural SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate that homoeriodictyol affects both the glucose metabolism and the serotonin system in Caco-2 cells via a SGLT-1-meditated pathway. Furthermore, the results presented here support the usage of Caco-2 cells as a model for peripheral serotonin release. Further investigations may address the value of homoeriodictyol in the treatment of anorexia and malnutrition through the targeting of SGLT-1.
- Published
- 2017
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29. Contribution of the Ratio of Tocopherol Homologs to the Oxidative Stability of Commercial Vegetable Oils
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Mathias Zaunschirm, Marc Pignitter, Julia Kienesberger, Natalie Hernler, Christoph Riegger, Manfred Eggersdorfer, and Veronika Somoza
- Subjects
vegetable oils ,oxidative stability ,lipid oxidation ,hexanal ,tocopherol ratio ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
The antioxidant activity of tocopherols in vegetable oils was shown to chiefly depend on the amount and the tocopherol homolog present. However, the most effective ratio of tocopherol homologs with regard to the antioxidant capacity has not been elucidated so far. The present study analyzed the effect of different tocopherol concentrations, homologs and ratios of homologs on markers of lipid oxidation in the most commonly consumed vegetable oils (canola, sunflower, soybean oil) stored in a 12 h light/dark cycle at 22 ± 2 °C for 56 days under retail/household conditions. After 56 days of storage, the α-tocopherol-rich canola and sunflower oil showed the strongest rise in lipid peroxides, yielding 25.1 ± 0.03 meq O2/kg (+25.3-fold) and 24.7 ± 0.05 meq O2/kg (+25.0-fold), respectively. ESR experiments, excluding effects of the oils’ matrices and other minor constituents, confirmed that a food representative tocopherol ratio of (γ + δ)/α = 4.77, as represented in soybean oil, led to a more pronounced delay of lipid oxidation than a lower ratio in canola (1.39) and sunflower oil (0.06). An optimum (γ + δ)/α -tocopherol ratio contributing to the oxidative quality of vegetable oils extending their shelf life has to be investigated.
- Published
- 2018
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30. Identification and Quantification of Oxidoselina-1,3,7(11)-Trien-8-One and Cyanidin-3-Glucoside as One of the Major Volatile and Non-Volatile Low-Molecular-Weight Constituents in Pitanga Pulp.
- Author
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Denise Josino Soares, Marc Pignitter, Miriam Margit Ehrnhöfer-Ressler, Jessica Walker, Isabella Montenegro Brasil, and Veronika Somoza
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The pulp of pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) is used to prepare pitanga juice. However, there are no reports on the identification and quantification of the main constituents in pitanga pulp. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify the major volatile and non-volatile low-molecular-weight constituents of the pulp. Isolation of volatile compounds was performed by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation technique. Characterization of the main volatile and non-volatile constituents was performed by GC-MS, LC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. For quantitative measurements, the main volatile compound needed to be isolated from pitanga pulp to obtain a commercially not available reference standard. Cyanidin-3-glucoside was determined as one of the most abundant non-volatile pulp compound yielding 53.8% of the sum of the intensities of all ions detected by LC-MS. Quantification of cyanidin-3-glucoside in pitanga pulp resulted in a concentration of 344 ± 66.4 μg/mL corresponding to 688 ± 133 μg/g dried pulp and 530 ± 102 μg/g fruit. For the volatile fraction, oxidoselina-1,3,7(11)-trien-8-one was identified as the main volatile pulp constituent (27.7% of the sum of the intensities of all ions detected by GC-MS), reaching a concentration of 89.0 ± 16.9 μg/mL corresponding to 1.34 ± 0.25 μg/g fresh pulp and 1.03 ± 0.19 μg/g fruit. The results provide quantitative evidence for the occurrence of an anthocyanin and an oxygenated sesquiterpene as one of the major volatile and non-volatile low-molecular-weight compounds in pitanga pulp.
- Published
- 2015
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31. Biscuits with No Added Sugar Containing Stevia, Coffee Fibre and Fructooligosaccharides Modifies α-Glucosidase Activity and the Release of GLP-1 from HuTu-80 Cells and Serotonin from Caco-2 Cells after In Vitro Digestion
- Author
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Nuria Martinez-Saez, Christina Maria Hochkogler, Veronika Somoza, and Maria Dolores del Castillo
- Subjects
α-glucosidase ,biscuits ,coffee fibre ,fructoologosaccharides ,GLP-1 ,serotonin ,stevia ,non-nutritive sweeteners ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
This study assessed the in vitro effects of the bioaccessible food components released during the simulated human digestion of a coffee fibre-containing biscuit (CFB) on α-glucosidase activity, antioxidant capacity and satiety hormones. Digest of CFB presented a significantly (p < 0.05) lower amount of sugar (68.6 mg/g) and a higher antioxidant capacity (15.1 mg chlorogenic acid eq./g) than that of a sucrose-containing biscuit (SCB). The CFB significantly reduced (p < 0.05) α-glucosidase activity (IC50 = 3.3 mg/mL) compared to the SCB (IC50 = 6.2 mg/mL). Serotonin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) release by differentiated Caco-2 and HuTu-80 cells, respectively, was stimulated by the CFB (355% at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL and 278% at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL) to the same order of magnitude as those of the SCB. To summarize, the CFB was demonstrated to reduce monosaccharide bioaccessibility, to inhibit a diabetes-related digestive enzyme, and to improve the release of satiety hormones.
- Published
- 2017
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32. Advanced glycation end products in infant formulas do not contribute to insulin resistance associated with their consumption.
- Author
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Kristína Simon Klenovics, Peter Boor, Veronika Somoza, Peter Celec, Vincenzo Fogliano, and Katarína Sebeková
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
IntroductionInfant formula-feeding is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity. In rodents and healthy humans, advanced glycation end product (AGE)-rich diets exert diabetogenic effects. In comparison with human breast-milk, infant formulas contain high amounts of AGEs. We assessed the role of AGEs in infant-formula-consumption-associated insulin resistance.MethodsTotal plasma levels of N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), AGEs-associated fluorescence (λ(ex) = 370 nm/λ(em) = 445 nm), soluble adhesion molecules, markers of micro- binflammation (hsCRP), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostanes) and leptinemia were determined, and correlated with insulin sensitivity in a cross-sectional study in 166 healthy term infants aged 3-to-14 months, subdivided according to feeding regimen (breast-milk- vs. infant formula-fed) and age (3-to-6-month-olds, 7-to-10-month-olds, and 11-to-14-month-old infants). Effects of the consumption of low- vs. high-CML-containing formulas were assessed. 36 infants aged 5.8 ± 0.3 months were followed-up 7.5 ± 0.3 months later.ResultsCross-sectional study: 3-to-6-month-olds and 7-to-10-month-old formula-fed infants presented higher total plasma CML levels and AGEs-associated fluorescence (pConclusionsIn healthy term infants, high dietary load with CML does not play a pathophysiological role in the induction of infant formula-associated insulin resistance. Whether a high load of AGEs in early childhood affects postnatal programming remains to be elucidated.
- Published
- 2013
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33. Evaluation of Palm Oil as a Suitable Vegetable Oil for Vitamin A Fortification Programs
- Author
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Marc Pignitter, Natalie Hernler, Mathias Zaunschirm, Julia Kienesberger, Mark Manuel Somoza, Klaus Kraemer, and Veronika Somoza
- Subjects
palm oil ,lipid oxidation ,vitamin A ,vitamin E ,hexanal ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Fortification programs are considered to be an effective strategy to mitigate vitamin A deficiency in populations at risk. Fortified vegetable oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids were shown to be prone to oxidation, leading to limited vitamin A stability. Thus, it was hypothesized that fortified oils consisting of mainly saturated fatty acids might enhance the stability of vitamin A. Mildly (peroxide value: 1.0 meq O2/kg) and highly (peroxide value: 7.5 meq O2/kg) oxidized palm oil was stored, after fortification with 60 International Units/g retinyl palmitate, in 0.5 L transparent polyethylene terephthalate bottles under cold fluorescent lighting (12 h/day) at 32 °C for 57 days. An increase of the peroxide value by 15 meq O2/kg, which was also reflected by a decrease of α-tocopherol congener by 15%–18%, was determined independent of the initial rancidity. The oxidative deterioration of the highly oxidized palm oil during storage was correlated with a significant 46% decline of the vitamin A content. However, household storage of mildly oxidized palm oil for two months did not induce any losses of vitamin A. Thus, mildly oxidized palm oil may be recommended for vitamin A fortification programs, when other sources of essential fatty acids are available.
- Published
- 2016
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34. Human Gingival Fibroblasts as a Novel Cell Model Describing the Association between Bitter Taste Thresholds and Interleukin-6 Release
- Author
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Johanna Tiroch, Andreas Dunkel, Sonja Sterneder, Sofie Zehentner, Maik Behrens, Antonella Di Pizio, Jakob P. Ley, Barbara Lieder, and Veronika Somoza
- Subjects
General Chemistry ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Published
- 2023
35. Bitter Peptides YFYPEL, VAPFPEVF, and YQEPVLGPVRGPFPIIV, Released during Gastric Digestion of Casein, Stimulate Mechanisms of Gastric Acid Secretion via Bitter Taste Receptors TAS2R16 and TAS2R38
- Author
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Phil Richter, Karin Sebald, Konrad Fischer, Maik Behrens, Angelika Schnieke, and Veronika Somoza
- Subjects
General Chemistry ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Published
- 2022
36. Nahrungsinhaltsstoffe: Chemorezeptor-vermitteltes pharmakonutritives Potenzial
- Author
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Gisela Olias, Maik Behrens, Gaby Andersen, and Veronika Somoza
- Abstract
Auch Zellen und Gewebe außerhalb des Mundraumes verfügen über Chemorezeptoren, die normalerweise mit bitter, süß oder scharf schmeckenden Lebensmittelinhaltsstoffen interagieren. Da wir aber weder mit Organen wie dem Magen oder Darm im eigentlichen Sinne „schmecken“, stellt sich die Frage, welche Aufgaben Chemorezeptoren dort erfüllen.
- Published
- 2022
37. Bos d 13, a novel heat‐stable beef allergen
- Author
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Patricia Román‐Carrasco, Christoph Klug, Wolfgang Hemmer, Margarete Focke‐Tejkl, Marianne Raith, Isabella Grosinger, Peter Stoll, Santiago Quirce, Marta Sanchez‐Jareño, Mónica Martínez‐Blanco, Elena Molina, Veronika Somoza, Barbara Lieder, Zana Marin, Katharina Nöbauer, Karin Hummel, Ebrahim Razzazi‐Fazeli, and Ines Swoboda
- Subjects
Food Science ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2023
38. Sensoproteomic Discovery of Taste-Modulating Peptides and Taste Re-engineering of Soy Sauce
- Author
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Manon Jünger, Verena Karolin Mittermeier-Kleßinger, Anastasia Farrenkopf, Andreas Dunkel, Timo Stark, Sonja Fröhlich, Veronika Somoza, Corinna Dawid, and Thomas Hofmann
- Subjects
Taste ,Fermentation ,Soy Foods ,General Chemistry ,Fermented Foods ,Sodium Chloride, Dietary ,Peptides ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Abstract
Soy sauce, one of the most common Asian fermented foods, exhibits a distinctive savory taste profile. In the present study, targeted quantitation of literature-known taste compounds, calculation of dose-over-threshold factors, and taste re-engineering experiments enabled the identification of 34 key tastants. Following the sensoproteomics approach, 14 umami-, kokumi-, and salt-enhancing peptides were identified for the first time, with intrinsic taste threshold concentrations in the range of 166-939 μmol/L and taste-modulating threshold concentrations ranging from 42 to 420 μmol/L. The lowest taste-modulating threshold concentrations were found for the leucyl peptide LDYY with an umami- and salt-enhancing threshold of 42 μmol/L. Addition of the 14 newly identified peptides to the taste recombinate (aRec
- Published
- 2022
39. [6]-Gingerol Facilitates CXCL8 Secretion and ROS Production in Primary Human Neutrophils by Targeting the TRPV1 Channel
- Author
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Gaby Andersen, Kristin Kahlenberg, Dietmar Krautwurst, and Veronika Somoza
- Subjects
Research Article ,Research Articles ,food ,ginger ,immune system ,immunomodulation ,polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) ,Food Science ,Biotechnology ,ddc - Abstract
Clarifying the function of sensory active TRP channels in non-sensory tissue is of growing interest, especially with regard to food ingredients in nutritionally relevant concentrations. The study hypothesized the TRPV1 agonist [6]-gingerol to facilitate cellular immune responses of primary human neutrophils, after treatment with 50 nM, a concentration that can be reached in the circulation after habitual dietary intake.qRT-PCR analyses revealed a high abundancy of TRP channel RNA expression in the types of primary leukocytes investigated, namely neutrophils, monocytes, NK cells, T cells, and B cells. Incubation of neutrophils with 50 nM of the known TRPV1 ligand [6]-gingerol led to increased surface expression of CD11b, CD66b, and the fMLF receptor FPR1, as shown by flow cytometry. Upon subsequent stimulation with fMLF, the neutrophils displayed an about 30 % (p0.05) increase in CXCL8 secretion as well as in ROS production. Pharmacological inhibition of TRPV1 by trans-tert-butylcyclohexanol abolished the [6]-gingerol induced effects.The TRPV1 channel is functionally expressed in human neutrophils. Activation of the channel with [6]-gingerol as a food-derived ligand in nutritionally relevant concentrations leads to an enhanced responsiveness in the cells towards activating stimuli, thereby facilitating a canonical cellular immune response in human neutrophils. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2022
40. The <scp>SLC26A9</scp> inhibitor <scp>S9‐A13</scp> provides no evidence for a role of <scp>SLC26A9</scp> in airway chloride secretion but suggests a contribution to regulation of <scp>ASL pH</scp> and gastric proton secretion
- Author
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Sungwoo Jo, Raquel Centeio, Jinhong Park, Jiraporn Ousingsawat, Dong‐kyu Jeon, Khaoula Talbi, Rainer Schreiber, Kunhi Ryu, Kristin Kahlenberg, Veronika Somoza, Livia Delpiano, Michael A. Gray, Margarida D. Amaral, Violeta Railean, Jeffrey M. Beekman, Lisa W. Rodenburg, Wan Namkung, and Karl Kunzelmann
- Subjects
Genetics ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2022
41. The SLC26A9 inhibitor S9-A13 provides no evidence for a role of SLC26A9 in airway chloride secretion but suggests a contribution to regulation of ASL pH and gastric proton secretion
- Author
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Sungwoo, Jo, Raquel, Centeio, Jinhong, Park, Jiraporn, Ousingsawat, Dong-Kyu, Jeon, Khaoula, Talbi, Rainer, Schreiber, Kunhi, Ryu, Kristin, Kahlenberg, Veronika, Somoza, Livia, Delpiano, Michael A, Gray, Margarida D, Amaral, Violeta, Railean, Jeffrey M, Beekman, Lisa W, Rodenburg, Wan, Namkung, and Karl, Kunzelmann
- Subjects
Bicarbonates ,Mice ,Chlorides ,Sulfate Transporters ,Animals ,Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ,Humans ,Epithelial Cells ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Protons ,Antiporters - Abstract
The solute carrier 26 family member A9 (SLC26A9) is an epithelial anion transporter that is assumed to contribute to airway chloride secretion and surface hydration. Whether SLC26A9 or CFTR is responsible for airway Cl
- Published
- 2022
42. Bitter Sensing TAS2R50 Mediates the trans-Resveratrol-Induced Anti-inflammatory Effect on Interleukin 6 Release in HGF-1 Cells in Culture
- Author
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Kathrin Hoelz, Sonja Sterneder, Veronika Somoza, Barbara Lieder, Jakob Ley, Antonella Di Pizio, Ann-Katrin Holik, Maik Behrens, Marc Pignitter, Johanna Tiroch, and Mark M. Somoza
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Taste ,Lipopolysaccharide ,biology ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Cell ,Antagonist ,General Chemistry ,Pharmacology ,Resveratrol ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Secretion ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Receptor ,Interleukin 6 ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Recent data have shown anti-inflammatory effects for trans-resveratrol (RSV) and rosmarinic acid (RA) in various immune-competent cell models through reduction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin 6 (IL-6) release. Because both compounds have been reported to taste bitter, we hypothesized an involvement of human bitter taste sensing receptors (TAS2Rs) on IL-6 release in LPS-treated human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1). First, the bitter taste intensity of RSV and RA was compared in a sensory trial with 10 untrained panelists, of whom 90% rated a 50 ppm of RSV in water solution more bitter than 50 ppm of RA. A mean 19 ± 6% reduction of the RSV-induced bitter taste intensity was achieved by co-administration of 50 ppm of the bitter-masking, TAS2R43 antagonist homoeriodictyol (HED). Mechanistic experiments in a stably CRISPR-Cas9-edited TAS2R43ko gastric cell model revealed involvement of TAS2R43 in the HED-evoked effect on RSV-induced proton secretion, whereas the cellular response to RSV did not depend upon TAS2R43. Next, the IL-6 modulatory effect of 100 μM RSV was studied in LPS-treated immune-competent HGF-1 cells. After 6 h of treatment, RSV reduced the LPS-induced IL-6 gene expression and protein release by -46.2 ± 12.7 and -73.9 ± 2.99%, respectively. This RSV-evoked effect was abolished by co-administration of HED. Because real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed a regulation of TAS2R50 in RSV with or without HED-treated HGF-1 cells, an siRNA knockdown approach of TAS2R50 was applied to verify TAS2R50 involvement in the RSV-induced reduction of the LPS-evoked IL-6 release in HGT-1 cells.
- Published
- 2021
43. TRPA1 Agonist Cinnamaldehyde Decreases Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells More Potently than the Non-agonist Structural Analog Cinnamyl Isobutyrate
- Author
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Veronika Somoza, Barbara Lieder, Julia K Hoi, Jakob Ley, Christiane Czech, Beatrix Liebisch, and Joachim Hans
- Subjects
Agonist ,Ethanol ,medicine.drug_class ,General Chemical Engineering ,Phospholipid ,General Chemistry ,Lipids ,Molecular biology ,Cinnamaldehyde ,In vitro ,Article ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemistry ,chemistry ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Adipogenesis ,Differentiation ,Adipocyte ,Receptors ,Genetics ,medicine ,QD1-999 ,Structural analog - Abstract
The cinnamon-derived bioactive aroma compound cinnamaldehyde (CAL) has been identified as a promising antiobesity agent, inhibiting adipogenesis and decreasing lipid accumulation in vitro as well as in animal models. Here, we investigated the antiadipogenic effect of cinnamyl isobutyrate (CIB), another cinnamon-derived aroma compound, in comparison to CAL in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. In a concentration of 30 μM, CIB reduced triglyceride (TG) and phospholipid (PL) accumulation in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes by 21.4 ± 2.56 and 20.7 ± 2.05%, respectively. CAL (30 μM), in comparison, decreased TG accumulation by 37.5 ± 1.81% and PL accumulation by 28.7 ± 1.83%, revealing the aldehyde to be the more potent antiadipogenic compound. The CIB- and CAL-mediated inhibition of lipid accumulation was accompanied by downregulation of essential adipogenic transcription factors PPARγ, C/EBPα, and C/EBPβ on gene and protein levels, pointing to a compound-modulated effect on adipogenic signaling cascades. Coincubation experiments applying the TRPA-1 inhibitor AP-18 demonstrated TRPA1 dependency of the CAL, but not the CIB-induced antiadipogenic effect.
- Published
- 2020
44. Gastrointestinal taste receptors: could tastants become drugs?
- Author
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Maik Behrens and Veronika Somoza
- Subjects
Taste ,Cell signaling ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dietary interventions ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Gastrointestinal Agents ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,Taste receptor ,Internal Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Medicine ,business ,Neuroscience ,Diet Therapy ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Purpose of review Numerous studies have pointed to profound nongustatory roles of tastants and the corresponding taste receptors expressed in the alimentary canal in the modulation of digestive and metabolic functions. Already in early reports, the intriguing possibility to use tastants as drug-like effectors for the treatment of metabolic diseases was raised. With this review, focusing on the most recent literature, we intend to question how close we meanwhile came to the initial promise - the use of tastants as medicines. Recent findings Although the enormous complexity and experimental variability of studies investigating the effects of tastants on physiological functions still has not revealed a common fundament from which subsequent therapeutic measures could be designed, more and more evidence is mounting on an involvement of taste receptors and taste signaling molecules in the maintenance and fine regulation of gastrointestinal functions and immunity. Summary Although the initial goal - using tastants to treat metabolic disorders - has, by far, not been reached, numerous promising findings suggest that dietary interventions could be devised to support conventional therapies in the future.
- Published
- 2020
45. Structure-Dependent Effects of Cinnamaldehyde Derivatives on TRPA1-Induced Serotonin Release in Human Intestinal Cell Models
- Author
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Julia Katharina Hoi, Barbara Lieder, Leopoldo Raul Beltran Marquez, Hanns Hatt, Veronika Somoza, Nathalie Burian, Jakob Ley, Ann-Katrin Holik, and Joachim Hans
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,cinnamaldehyde ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Caco-2 ,Stimulation ,General Chemistry ,TRPA1 ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Cinnamaldehyde ,serotonin ,0104 chemical sciences ,Cell biology ,QGP-1 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Transient receptor potential channel ,chemistry ,Cell culture ,Enterochromaffin cell ,coniferylaldehyde ,Serotonin ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Neurotransmitter ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Activation of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel TRPA1 by cinnamaldehyde has been shown to stimulate serotonin release in enterochromaffin QGP-1 cells. However, the impact of cinnamaldehyde on serotonin release in enterocytes is less well understood. In addition, since the neurotransmitter serotonin plays a regulatory role in a large variety of gastrointestinal and metabolic functions, it is of interest to study which structural characteristics determine cinnamaldehyde-induced serotonin release by enterocytes. Thus, the present study analyzed serotonin release in differentiated Caco-2 cells as a model for enterocytes in comparison to enterochromaffin QGP-1 cells after stimulation with cinnamaldehyde and 17 naturally occurring structurally related compounds by means of a serotonin ELISA. Stimulation with cinnamaldehyde induced a dose-dependent increase in serotonin release starting from 0.5 mM in both cell lines, with a larger effect size in Caco-2 enterocytes compared to that in QGP-1 enterochromaffin cells. Serotonin release in Caco-2 cells induced by additional 17 structurally related compounds correlated with serotonin release in QGP-1 cells, showing the highest effects for coniferylaldehyde with a 15.84 ± 3.23-fold increase in Caco-2 cells, followed by the parent compound cinnamaldehyde (13.45 ± 2.15), cinnamyl alcohol (6.68 ± 1.08), and α-methyl-cinnamaldehyde (6.59 ± 0.93). Analysis of structural and molecular characteristics that modulate serotonin release in Caco-2 enterocytes revealed that the ability of a compound to activate TRPA1, demonstrated by means of HEK293 cells transiently expressing hTRPA1, is a decisive factor to stimulate serotonin release in Caco-2 enterocytes, preferring small, electrophilic compounds with a lower polar surface area. In addition, blocking of TRPA1 using 30 μM AP-18 significantly reduced the cinnamaldehyde-induced serotonin release by 30.0 ± 5.24%, confirming a TRPA1-dependent component in serotonin release by Caco-2 cells.
- Published
- 2020
46. Bitter-Tasting Amino Acids <scp>l</scp>-Arginine and <scp>l</scp>-Isoleucine Differentially Regulate Proton Secretion via T2R1 Signaling in Human Parietal Cells in Culture
- Author
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Ann-Katrin Holik, Mark M. Somoza, Veronika Somoza, Joachim Hans, Kathrin Hölz, Verena Stoeger, Jakob Ley, Masha Y. Niv, Tamir Dingjan, and Gerhard Krammer
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Arginine ,Proton ,01 natural sciences ,Genome ,Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ,Humans ,Secretion ,Amino Acids ,Isoleucine ,Binding site ,Receptor ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Cell biology ,Amino acid ,Molecular Docking Simulation ,chemistry ,Taste ,Gastric acid ,Protons ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
This study aimed at identifying whether the bitter-tasting amino acids l-arginine (l-ARG) and l-isoleucine (l-ILE) differentially regulate mechanisms of gastric acid secretion in human parietal cells (HGT-1 cells) via activation of bitter taste sensing receptors (T2Rs). In a first set of experiments, involvement of T2Rs in l-ARG and l-ILE-modulated proton secretion was demonstrated by co-treatment of HGT-1 cells with T2R antagonists. Subsequent whole genome screenings by means of cDNA arrays revealed T2R1 as a prominent target for both amino acids. Next, the functional role of T2R1 was verified by means of a T2R1 CRISPR-Cas9 knock-out approach. Here, the effect of l-ARG on proton secretion decreased by 65.7 ± 21.9% and the effect of l-ILE increased by 93.2 ± 24.1% in HGT-1 T2R1 ko versus HGT-1 wt cells (p < 0.05). Overall, our results indicate differential effects of l-ARG and l-ILE on proton secretion in HGT-1 cells and our molecular docking studies predict distinct binding for these amino acids in the binding site of T2R1. Further studies will elucidate whether the mechanism of differential effects involves structure-specific ligand-biased signaling of T2R1 or additional cellular targets.
- Published
- 2019
47. A Comparison of the Impact of Restrictive Diets on the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice
- Author
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András Gregor, Laura Huber, Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier, Felix Sternberg, Magdalena Billerhart, Andreas Dunkel, Veronika Somoza, Manfred Ogris, Barbara Kofler, Valter D. Longo, Jürgen König, and Kalina Duszka
- Subjects
Mice ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,fasting ,Article ,gastrointestinal tract ,caloric restriction ,Animals ,Diet, Ketogenic ,Diet ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Food Science ,ddc - Abstract
The rate of gut inflammatory diseases is growing in modern society. Previously, we showed that caloric restriction (CR) shapes gut microbiota composition and diminishes the expression of inflammatory factors along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The current project aimed to assess whether prominent dietary restrictive approaches, including intermittent fasting (IF), fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), and ketogenic diet (KD) have a similar effect as CR. We sought to verify which of the restrictive dietary approaches is the most potent and if the molecular pathways responsible for the impact of the diets overlap. We characterized the impact of the diets in the context of several dietary restriction-related parameters, including immune status in the GI tract; microbiota and its metabolites; bile acids (BAs); gut morphology; as well as autophagy-, mitochondria-, and energy restriction-related parameters. The effects of the various diets are very similar, particularly between CR, IF, and FMD. The occurrence of a 50 kDa truncated form of occludin, the composition of the microbiota, and BAs distinguished KD from the other diets. Based on the results, we were able to provide a comprehensive picture of the impact of restrictive diets on the gut, indicating that restrictive protocols aimed at improving gut health may be interchangeable.
- Published
- 2021
48. Dietary Oxidized Lipids Affect Phospholipid Profile and Fatty Acid Uptake in Gastrointestinal Cells
- Author
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Sarah Fruehwirth, Veronika Somoza, Mohammed Salim, Marc Pitnitter, Immanuel Stricker, Yifan Bao, and Sofie Zehentner
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Phospholipid ,Fatty acid ,Affect (psychology) - Published
- 2021
49. Gastric Serotonin Biosynthesis and Its Functional Role in L-Arginine-Induced Gastric Proton Secretion
- Author
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Verena Stoeger, Nicole Kretschy, Barbara Lieder, Kerstin Schweiger, Angelika Reiner, Julia K Hoi, Ann-Katrin Holik, Muhammet Zopun, Mark M. Somoza, Marc Pignitter, Veronika Somoza, and Stephan Kriwanek
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Arginine ,Gene Expression ,Tryptophan Hydroxylase ,human gastric tumor cells ,proton secretion ,Tissue Culture Techniques ,0302 clinical medicine ,energy metabolism ,Biology (General) ,Antrum ,Spectroscopy ,Chemistry ,Stomach ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Fenclonine ,General Medicine ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,ddc ,Computer Science Applications ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Serotonin Antagonists ,medicine.symptom ,Protons ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Serotonin ,gastric serotonin release ,QH301-705.5 ,Catalysis ,Article ,Granisetron ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Gastric Acid ,03 medical and health sciences ,Parietal Cells, Gastric ,Internal medicine ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Secretion ,Protease Inhibitors ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,immunofluorescence ,QD1-999 ,Molecular Biology ,Gastric distension ,Organic Chemistry ,Tryptophan hydroxylase ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Gastric acid ,Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 - Abstract
Among mammals, serotonin is predominantly found in the gastrointestinal tract, where it has been shown to participate in pathway-regulating satiation. For the stomach, vascular serotonin release induced by gastric distension is thought to chiefly contribute to satiation after food intake. However, little information is available on the capability of gastric cells to synthesize, release and respond to serotonin by functional changes of mechanisms regulating gastric acid secretion. We investigated whether human gastric cells are capable of serotonin synthesis and release. First, HGT-1 cells, derived from a human adenocarcinoma of the stomach, and human stomach specimens were immunostained positive for serotonin. In HGT-1 cells, incubation with the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor p-chlorophenylalanine reduced the mean serotonin-induced fluorescence signal intensity by 27%. Serotonin release of 147 ± 18%, compared to control HGT-1 cells (set to 100%) was demonstrated after treatment with 30 mM of the satiating amino acid L-Arg. Granisetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, reduced this L-Arg-induced serotonin release, as well as L-Arg-induced proton secretion. Similarly to the in vitro experiment, human antrum samples released serotonin upon incubation with 10 mM L-Arg. Overall, our data suggest that human parietal cells in culture, as well as from the gastric antrum, synthesize serotonin and release it after treatment with L-Arg via an HTR3-related mechanism. Moreover, we suggest not only gastric distension but also gastric acid secretion to result in peripheral serotonin release.
- Published
- 2021
50. Daily consumption of a dark-roast coffee for eight weeks improved plasma oxidized LDL and alpha-tocopherol status: A randomized, controlled human intervention study
- Author
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Leonie Hüller, Ingo Lantz, Andrea Christina Kurz, Dorothea Schipp, Christina Maria Hochkogler, Thomas Hofmann, Veronika Somoza, Doris Marko, Christina Chmelirsch, Gerhard Bytof, Marc Pignitter, Johanna Rathmayr, Kerstin Schweiger, Sebastian Bayer, Roman Lang, and Petra Rust
- Subjects
Oxidized LDL ,0301 basic medicine ,Antioxidant ,Lipolysis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Coffee consumption ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Animal science ,Coffee antioxidants ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,medicine ,TX341-641 ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,business.industry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,040401 food science ,Intervention studies ,N-methylpyridinium ,Dark-roast coffee ,chemistry ,Alpha-tocopherol ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,alpha-Tocopherol ,business ,Oxidized ldl ,Food Science - Abstract
Scope: Coffee consumption is widely recognized to improve the antioxidant status. We hypothesized a dark-roast coffee to reduce plasma oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and to improve alpha-tocopherol concentrations. Methods and results: After a 4 week, coffee-free run-in period, 86 healthy, randomized volunteers completed either a control (CTRL) or coffee (COFF) intervention in which either 750 mL water (CTRL) or coffee (COFF) were consumed daily for 8 weeks. Blood samples were taken at the begin and after the intervention. Mean changes in oxidized LDL concentrations after coffee consumption (−0.47 ± 15.4 U/L) differed from those of the CTRL-G (5.69 ± 18.8 U/L, p
- Published
- 2019
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