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1. Lifetime ovulatory years and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: a multinational pooled analysis

Author: Fu, Z, Brooks, MM, Irvin, S, Jordan, S, Aben, KKH, Anton-Culver, H, Bandera, E, Beckmann, MW, Berchuck, A, Brooks-Wilson, A, Chang-Claude, J, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cushing-Haugen, KL, Doherty, JA, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fortner, RT, Gayther, SA, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Goode, EL, Goodman, MT, Harris, HR, Hein, A, Kaaks, R, Kiemeney, LA, Koebel, M, Kotsopoulos, J, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, Menon, U, Milne, RL, Moysich, KB, Pearce, CL, Pike, MC, Qin, B, Ramus, SJ, Riggan, MJ, Rothstein, JH, Schildkraut, JM, Sieh, W, Sutphen, R, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Titus, L, van Altena, AM, White, E, Whittemore, AS, Wu, AH, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Taylor, SE, Tang, L, Songer, T, Wentzensen, N, Webb, PM, Risch, HA, Modugno, F, Fu, Z, Brooks, MM, Irvin, S, Jordan, S, Aben, KKH, Anton-Culver, H, Bandera, E, Beckmann, MW, Berchuck, A, Brooks-Wilson, A, Chang-Claude, J, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cushing-Haugen, KL, Doherty, JA, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fortner, RT, Gayther, SA, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Goode, EL, Goodman, MT, Harris, HR, Hein, A, Kaaks, R, Kiemeney, LA, Koebel, M, Kotsopoulos, J, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, Menon, U, Milne, RL, Moysich, KB, Pearce, CL, Pike, MC, Qin, B, Ramus, SJ, Riggan, MJ, Rothstein, JH, Schildkraut, JM, Sieh, W, Sutphen, R, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Titus, L, van Altena, AM, White, E, Whittemore, AS, Wu, AH, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Taylor, SE, Tang, L, Songer, T, Wentzensen, N, Webb, PM, Risch, HA, and Modugno, F
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of ovulation in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is supported by the consistent protective effects of parity and oral contraceptive use. Whether these factors protect through anovulation alone remains unclear. We explored the association between lifetime ovulatory years (LOY) and EOC. METHODS: LOY was calculated using 12 algorithms. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated the association between LOY or LOY components and EOC among 26 204 control participants and 21 267 case patients from 25 studies. To assess whether LOY components act through ovulation suppression alone, we compared beta coefficients obtained from regression models with expected estimates assuming 1 year of ovulation suppression has the same effect regardless of source. RESULTS: LOY was associated with increased EOC risk (OR per year increase = 1.014, 95% CI = 1.009 to 1.020 to OR per year increase = 1.044, 95% CI = 1.041 to 1.048). Individual LOY components, except age at menarche, also associated with EOC. The estimated model coefficient for oral contraceptive use and pregnancies were 4.45 times and 12- to 15-fold greater than expected, respectively. LOY was associated with high-grade serous, low-grade serous, endometrioid, and clear cell histotypes (ORs per year increase = 1.054, 1.040, 1.065, and 1.098, respectively) but not mucinous tumors. Estimated coefficients of LOY components were close to expected estimates for high-grade serous but larger than expected for low-grade serous, endometrioid, and clear cell histotypes. CONCLUSIONS: LOY is positively associated with nonmucinous EOC. Differences between estimated and expected model coefficients for LOY components suggest factors beyond ovulation underlie the associations between LOY components and EOC in general and for non-HGSOC.
Published: 2023

2. Correction: Polygenic risk modeling for prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer risk.

Author: Dareng, EO, Tyrer, JP, Barnes, DR, Jones, MR, Yang, X, Aben, KKH, Adank, MA, Agata, S, Andrulis, IL, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, NN, Aravantinos, G, Arun, BK, Augustinsson, A, Balmaña, J, Bandera, EV, Barkardottir, RB, Barrowdale, D, Beckmann, MW, Beeghly-Fadiel, A, Benitez, J, Bermisheva, M, Bernardini, MQ, Bjorge, L, Black, A, Bogdanova, NV, Bonanni, B, Borg, A, Brenton, JD, Budzilowska, A, Butzow, R, Buys, SS, Cai, H, Caligo, MA, Campbell, I, Cannioto, R, Cassingham, H, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Chen, K, Chiew, Y-E, Chung, WK, Claes, KBM, Colonna, S, GEMO Study Collaborators, GC-HBOC Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, Cook, LS, Couch, FJ, Daly, MB, Dao, F, Davies, E, de la Hoya, M, de Putter, R, Dennis, J, DePersia, A, Devilee, P, Diez, O, Ding, YC, Doherty, JA, Domchek, SM, Dörk, T, du Bois, A, Dürst, M, Eccles, DM, Eliassen, HA, Engel, C, Evans, GD, Fasching, PA, Flanagan, JM, Fortner, RT, Machackova, E, Friedman, E, Ganz, PA, Garber, J, Gensini, F, Giles, GG, Glendon, G, Godwin, AK, Goodman, MT, Greene, MH, Gronwald, J, OPAL Study Group, AOCS Group, Hahnen, E, Haiman, CA, Håkansson, N, Hamann, U, Hansen, TVO, Harris, HR, Hartman, M, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Høgdall, E, Høgdall, CK, Hopper, JL, Huang, R-Y, Huff, C, Hulick, PJ, Huntsman, DG, Imyanitov, EN, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, Isaacs, C, Jakubowska, A, James, PA, Janavicius, R, Jensen, A, Johannsson, OT, John, EM, Jones, ME, Kang, D, Karlan, BY, Karnezis, A, Kelemen, LE, Khusnutdinova, E, Kiemeney, LA, Kim, B-G, Kjaer, SK, Komenaka, I, Kupryjanczyk, J, Kurian, AW, Kwong, A, Lambrechts, D, Larson, MC, Lazaro, C, Le, ND, Leslie, G, Lester, J, Lesueur, F, Levine, DA, Li, L, Li, J, Loud, JT, Lu, KH, Lubiński, J, Mai, PL, Manoukian, S, Marks, JR, Matsuno, RK, Matsuo, K, May, T, McGuffog, L, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, IA, Mebirouk, N, Menon, U, Miller, A, Milne, RL, Minlikeeva, A, Modugno, F, Montagna, M, Moysich, KB, Munro, E, Nathanson, KL, Neuhausen, SL, Nevanlinna, H, Yie, JNY, Nielsen, HR, Nielsen, FC, Nikitina-Zake, L, Odunsi, K, Offit, K, Olah, E, Olbrecht, S, Olopade, OI, Olson, SH, Olsson, H, Osorio, A, Papi, L, Park, SK, Parsons, MT, Pathak, H, Pedersen, IS, Peixoto, A, Pejovic, T, Perez-Segura, P, Permuth, JB, Peshkin, B, Peterlongo, P, Piskorz, A, Prokofyeva, D, Radice, P, Rantala, J, Riggan, MJ, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Antona, C, Ross, E, Rossing, MA, Runnebaum, I, Sandler, DP, Santamariña, M, Soucy, P, Schmutzler, RK, Setiawan, VW, Shan, K, Sieh, W, Simard, J, Singer, CF, Sokolenko, AP, Song, H, Southey, MC, Steed, H, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Sutphen, R, Swerdlow, AJ, Tan, YY, Teixeira, MR, Teo, SH, Terry, KL, Terry, MB, OCAC Consortium, CIMBA Consortium, Thomassen, M, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, LCV, Thull, DL, Tischkowitz, M, Titus, L, Toland, AE, Torres, D, Trabert, B, Travis, R, Tung, N, Tworoger, SS, Valen, E, van Altena, AM, van der Hout, AH, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, van Rensburg, EJ, Vega, A, Edwards, DV, Vierkant, RA, Wang, F, Wappenschmidt, B, Webb, PM, Weinberg, CR, Weitzel, JN, Wentzensen, N, White, E, Whittemore, AS, Winham, SJ, Wolk, A, Woo, Y-L, Wu, AH, Yan, L, Yannoukakos, D, Zavaglia, KM, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zorn, KK, Kleibl, Z, Easton, D, Lawrenson, K, DeFazio, A, Sellers, TA, Ramus, SJ, Pearce, CL, Monteiro, AN, Cunningham, J, Goode, EL, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Gayther, SA, Antoniou, AC, Pharoah, PDP, Dareng, EO, Tyrer, JP, Barnes, DR, Jones, MR, Yang, X, Aben, KKH, Adank, MA, Agata, S, Andrulis, IL, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, NN, Aravantinos, G, Arun, BK, Augustinsson, A, Balmaña, J, Bandera, EV, Barkardottir, RB, Barrowdale, D, Beckmann, MW, Beeghly-Fadiel, A, Benitez, J, Bermisheva, M, Bernardini, MQ, Bjorge, L, Black, A, Bogdanova, NV, Bonanni, B, Borg, A, Brenton, JD, Budzilowska, A, Butzow, R, Buys, SS, Cai, H, Caligo, MA, Campbell, I, Cannioto, R, Cassingham, H, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Chen, K, Chiew, Y-E, Chung, WK, Claes, KBM, Colonna, S, GEMO Study Collaborators, GC-HBOC Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, Cook, LS, Couch, FJ, Daly, MB, Dao, F, Davies, E, de la Hoya, M, de Putter, R, Dennis, J, DePersia, A, Devilee, P, Diez, O, Ding, YC, Doherty, JA, Domchek, SM, Dörk, T, du Bois, A, Dürst, M, Eccles, DM, Eliassen, HA, Engel, C, Evans, GD, Fasching, PA, Flanagan, JM, Fortner, RT, Machackova, E, Friedman, E, Ganz, PA, Garber, J, Gensini, F, Giles, GG, Glendon, G, Godwin, AK, Goodman, MT, Greene, MH, Gronwald, J, OPAL Study Group, AOCS Group, Hahnen, E, Haiman, CA, Håkansson, N, Hamann, U, Hansen, TVO, Harris, HR, Hartman, M, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Høgdall, E, Høgdall, CK, Hopper, JL, Huang, R-Y, Huff, C, Hulick, PJ, Huntsman, DG, Imyanitov, EN, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, Isaacs, C, Jakubowska, A, James, PA, Janavicius, R, Jensen, A, Johannsson, OT, John, EM, Jones, ME, Kang, D, Karlan, BY, Karnezis, A, Kelemen, LE, Khusnutdinova, E, Kiemeney, LA, Kim, B-G, Kjaer, SK, Komenaka, I, Kupryjanczyk, J, Kurian, AW, Kwong, A, Lambrechts, D, Larson, MC, Lazaro, C, Le, ND, Leslie, G, Lester, J, Lesueur, F, Levine, DA, Li, L, Li, J, Loud, JT, Lu, KH, Lubiński, J, Mai, PL, Manoukian, S, Marks, JR, Matsuno, RK, Matsuo, K, May, T, McGuffog, L, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, IA, Mebirouk, N, Menon, U, Miller, A, Milne, RL, Minlikeeva, A, Modugno, F, Montagna, M, Moysich, KB, Munro, E, Nathanson, KL, Neuhausen, SL, Nevanlinna, H, Yie, JNY, Nielsen, HR, Nielsen, FC, Nikitina-Zake, L, Odunsi, K, Offit, K, Olah, E, Olbrecht, S, Olopade, OI, Olson, SH, Olsson, H, Osorio, A, Papi, L, Park, SK, Parsons, MT, Pathak, H, Pedersen, IS, Peixoto, A, Pejovic, T, Perez-Segura, P, Permuth, JB, Peshkin, B, Peterlongo, P, Piskorz, A, Prokofyeva, D, Radice, P, Rantala, J, Riggan, MJ, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Antona, C, Ross, E, Rossing, MA, Runnebaum, I, Sandler, DP, Santamariña, M, Soucy, P, Schmutzler, RK, Setiawan, VW, Shan, K, Sieh, W, Simard, J, Singer, CF, Sokolenko, AP, Song, H, Southey, MC, Steed, H, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Sutphen, R, Swerdlow, AJ, Tan, YY, Teixeira, MR, Teo, SH, Terry, KL, Terry, MB, OCAC Consortium, CIMBA Consortium, Thomassen, M, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, LCV, Thull, DL, Tischkowitz, M, Titus, L, Toland, AE, Torres, D, Trabert, B, Travis, R, Tung, N, Tworoger, SS, Valen, E, van Altena, AM, van der Hout, AH, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, van Rensburg, EJ, Vega, A, Edwards, DV, Vierkant, RA, Wang, F, Wappenschmidt, B, Webb, PM, Weinberg, CR, Weitzel, JN, Wentzensen, N, White, E, Whittemore, AS, Winham, SJ, Wolk, A, Woo, Y-L, Wu, AH, Yan, L, Yannoukakos, D, Zavaglia, KM, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zorn, KK, Kleibl, Z, Easton, D, Lawrenson, K, DeFazio, A, Sellers, TA, Ramus, SJ, Pearce, CL, Monteiro, AN, Cunningham, J, Goode, EL, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Gayther, SA, Antoniou, AC, and Pharoah, PDP
Published: 2022

3. Polygenic risk modeling for prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer risk

Author: Dareng, EO, Tyrer, JP, Barnes, DR, Jones, MR, Yang, X, Aben, KKH, Adank, MA, Agata, S, Andrulis, IL, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, NN, Aravantinos, G, Arun, BK, Augustinsson, A, Balmana, J, Bandera, E, Barkardottir, RB, Barrowdale, D, Beckmann, MW, Beeghly-Fadiel, A, Benitez, J, Bermisheva, M, Bernardini, MQ, Bjorge, L, Black, A, Bogdanova, N, Bonanni, B, Borg, A, Brenton, JD, Budzilowska, A, Butzow, R, Buys, SS, Cai, H, Caligo, MA, Campbell, I, Cannioto, R, Cassingham, H, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Chen, K, Chiew, Y-E, Chung, WK, Claes, KBM, Colonna, S, Cook, LS, Couch, FJ, Daly, MB, Dao, F, Davies, E, de la Hoya, M, de Putter, R, Dennis, J, DePersia, A, Devilee, P, Diez, O, Ding, YC, Doherty, JA, Domchek, SM, Dork, T, du Bois, A, Durst, M, Eccles, DM, Eliassen, HA, Engel, C, Evans, GD, Fasching, PA, Flanagan, JM, Fortner, R, Machackova, E, Friedman, E, Ganz, PA, Garber, J, Gensini, F, Giles, GG, Glendon, G, Godwin, AK, Goodman, MT, Greene, MH, Gronwald, J, Group, OS, AOCSGroup, Hahnen, E, Haiman, CA, Hakansson, N, Hamann, U, Hansen, TVO, Harris, HR, Hartman, M, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, CK, Hopper, JL, Huang, R-Y, Huff, C, Hulick, PJ, Huntsman, DG, Imyanitov, EN, Isaacs, C, Jakubowska, A, James, PA, Janavicius, R, Jensen, A, Johannsson, OT, John, EM, Jones, ME, Kang, D, Karlan, BY, Karnezis, A, Kelemen, LE, Khusnutdinova, E, Kiemeney, LA, Kim, B-G, Kjaer, SK, Komenaka, I, Kupryjanczyk, J, Kurian, AW, Kwong, A, Lambrechts, D, Larson, MC, Lazaro, C, Le, ND, Leslie, G, Lester, J, Lesueur, F, Levine, DA, Li, L, Li, J, Loud, JT, Lu, KH, Mai, PL, Manoukian, S, Marks, JR, KimMatsuno, R, Matsuo, K, May, T, McGuffog, L, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, IA, Mebirouk, N, Menon, U, Miller, A, Milne, RL, Minlikeeva, A, Modugno, F, Montagna, M, Moysich, KB, Munro, E, Nathanson, KL, Neuhausen, SL, Nevanlinna, H, Yie, JNY, Nielsen, HR, Nielsen, FC, Nikitina-Zake, L, Odunsi, K, Offit, K, Olah, E, Olbrecht, S, Olopade, O, Olson, SH, Olsson, H, Osorio, A, Papi, L, Park, SK, Parsons, MT, Pathak, H, Pedersen, IS, Peixoto, A, Pejovic, T, Perez-Segura, P, Permuth, JB, Peshkin, B, Peterlongo, P, Piskorz, A, Prokofyeva, D, Radice, P, Rantala, J, Riggan, MJ, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Antona, C, Ross, E, Rossing, MA, Runnebaum, I, Sandler, DP, Santamarina, M, Soucy, P, Schmutzler, RK, Setiawan, VW, Shan, K, Sieh, W, Simard, J, Singer, CF, Sokolenko, AP, Song, H, Southey, MC, Steed, H, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Sutphen, R, Swerdlow, AJ, Tan, YY, Teixeira, MR, Teo, SH, Terry, KL, BethTerry, M, Thomassen, M, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, LCV, Thull, DL, Tischkowitz, M, Titus, L, Toland, AE, Torres, D, Trabert, B, Travis, R, Tung, N, Tworoger, SS, Valen, E, van Altena, AM, van der Hout, AH, Nieuwenhuysen, E, van Rensburg, EJ, Vega, A, Edwards, DV, Vierkant, RA, Wang, F, Wappenschmidt, B, Webb, PM, Weinberg, CR, Weitzel, JN, Wentzensen, N, White, E, Whittemore, AS, Winham, SJ, Wolk, A, Woo, Y-L, Wu, AH, Yan, L, Yannoukakos, D, Zavaglia, KM, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zorn, KK, Kleibl, Z, Easton, D, Lawrenson, K, DeFazio, A, Sellers, TA, Ramus, SJ, Pearce, CL, Monteiro, AN, Cunningham, J, Goode, EL, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Gayther, SA, Antoniou, AC, Pharoah, PDP, Dareng, EO, Tyrer, JP, Barnes, DR, Jones, MR, Yang, X, Aben, KKH, Adank, MA, Agata, S, Andrulis, IL, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, NN, Aravantinos, G, Arun, BK, Augustinsson, A, Balmana, J, Bandera, E, Barkardottir, RB, Barrowdale, D, Beckmann, MW, Beeghly-Fadiel, A, Benitez, J, Bermisheva, M, Bernardini, MQ, Bjorge, L, Black, A, Bogdanova, N, Bonanni, B, Borg, A, Brenton, JD, Budzilowska, A, Butzow, R, Buys, SS, Cai, H, Caligo, MA, Campbell, I, Cannioto, R, Cassingham, H, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Chen, K, Chiew, Y-E, Chung, WK, Claes, KBM, Colonna, S, Cook, LS, Couch, FJ, Daly, MB, Dao, F, Davies, E, de la Hoya, M, de Putter, R, Dennis, J, DePersia, A, Devilee, P, Diez, O, Ding, YC, Doherty, JA, Domchek, SM, Dork, T, du Bois, A, Durst, M, Eccles, DM, Eliassen, HA, Engel, C, Evans, GD, Fasching, PA, Flanagan, JM, Fortner, R, Machackova, E, Friedman, E, Ganz, PA, Garber, J, Gensini, F, Giles, GG, Glendon, G, Godwin, AK, Goodman, MT, Greene, MH, Gronwald, J, Group, OS, AOCSGroup, Hahnen, E, Haiman, CA, Hakansson, N, Hamann, U, Hansen, TVO, Harris, HR, Hartman, M, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, CK, Hopper, JL, Huang, R-Y, Huff, C, Hulick, PJ, Huntsman, DG, Imyanitov, EN, Isaacs, C, Jakubowska, A, James, PA, Janavicius, R, Jensen, A, Johannsson, OT, John, EM, Jones, ME, Kang, D, Karlan, BY, Karnezis, A, Kelemen, LE, Khusnutdinova, E, Kiemeney, LA, Kim, B-G, Kjaer, SK, Komenaka, I, Kupryjanczyk, J, Kurian, AW, Kwong, A, Lambrechts, D, Larson, MC, Lazaro, C, Le, ND, Leslie, G, Lester, J, Lesueur, F, Levine, DA, Li, L, Li, J, Loud, JT, Lu, KH, Mai, PL, Manoukian, S, Marks, JR, KimMatsuno, R, Matsuo, K, May, T, McGuffog, L, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, IA, Mebirouk, N, Menon, U, Miller, A, Milne, RL, Minlikeeva, A, Modugno, F, Montagna, M, Moysich, KB, Munro, E, Nathanson, KL, Neuhausen, SL, Nevanlinna, H, Yie, JNY, Nielsen, HR, Nielsen, FC, Nikitina-Zake, L, Odunsi, K, Offit, K, Olah, E, Olbrecht, S, Olopade, O, Olson, SH, Olsson, H, Osorio, A, Papi, L, Park, SK, Parsons, MT, Pathak, H, Pedersen, IS, Peixoto, A, Pejovic, T, Perez-Segura, P, Permuth, JB, Peshkin, B, Peterlongo, P, Piskorz, A, Prokofyeva, D, Radice, P, Rantala, J, Riggan, MJ, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Antona, C, Ross, E, Rossing, MA, Runnebaum, I, Sandler, DP, Santamarina, M, Soucy, P, Schmutzler, RK, Setiawan, VW, Shan, K, Sieh, W, Simard, J, Singer, CF, Sokolenko, AP, Song, H, Southey, MC, Steed, H, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Sutphen, R, Swerdlow, AJ, Tan, YY, Teixeira, MR, Teo, SH, Terry, KL, BethTerry, M, Thomassen, M, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, LCV, Thull, DL, Tischkowitz, M, Titus, L, Toland, AE, Torres, D, Trabert, B, Travis, R, Tung, N, Tworoger, SS, Valen, E, van Altena, AM, van der Hout, AH, Nieuwenhuysen, E, van Rensburg, EJ, Vega, A, Edwards, DV, Vierkant, RA, Wang, F, Wappenschmidt, B, Webb, PM, Weinberg, CR, Weitzel, JN, Wentzensen, N, White, E, Whittemore, AS, Winham, SJ, Wolk, A, Woo, Y-L, Wu, AH, Yan, L, Yannoukakos, D, Zavaglia, KM, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zorn, KK, Kleibl, Z, Easton, D, Lawrenson, K, DeFazio, A, Sellers, TA, Ramus, SJ, Pearce, CL, Monteiro, AN, Cunningham, J, Goode, EL, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Gayther, SA, Antoniou, AC, and Pharoah, PDP
Abstract: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have the potential to improve risk stratification. Joint estimation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) effects in models could improve predictive performance over standard approaches of PRS construction. Here, we implemented computationally efficient, penalized, logistic regression models (lasso, elastic net, stepwise) to individual level genotype data and a Bayesian framework with continuous shrinkage, "select and shrink for summary statistics" (S4), to summary level data for epithelial non-mucinous ovarian cancer risk prediction. We developed the models in a dataset consisting of 23,564 non-mucinous EOC cases and 40,138 controls participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) and validated the best models in three populations of different ancestries: prospective data from 198,101 women of European ancestries; 7,669 women of East Asian ancestries; 1,072 women of African ancestries, and in 18,915 BRCA1 and 12,337 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestries. In the external validation data, the model with the strongest association for non-mucinous EOC risk derived from the OCAC model development data was the S4 model (27,240 SNPs) with odds ratios (OR) of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.28-1.48, AUC: 0.588) per unit standard deviation, in women of European ancestries; 1.14 (95% CI: 1.08-1.19, AUC: 0.538) in women of East Asian ancestries; 1.38 (95% CI: 1.21-1.58, AUC: 0.593) in women of African ancestries; hazard ratios of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.29-1.43, AUC: 0.592) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.35-1.64, AUC: 0.624) in BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. Incorporation of the S4 PRS in risk prediction models for ovarian cancer may have clinical utility in ovarian cancer prevention programs.
Published: 2022

4. 42 Clinicopathologic predictors of early relapse in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer; development of prediction models using nationwide data

Author: Said, S, primary, Bretveld, R, additional, Koffijberg, H, additional, Sonke, G, additional, Kruitwagen, RFPM, additional, de Hullu, JA, additional, van Altena, AM, additional, Siesling, S, additional, and van der Aa, MA, additional
Published: 2020
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5. EP829 The need for and the development of a decision aid for primary treatment of advanced stage ovarian cancer patients

Author: den Ouden, JE, primary, The, R, additional, Myren, BJ, additional, Boll, D, additional, van Driel, WJ, additional, Lalisang, RI, additional, Kruitwagen, RFPM, additional, and van Altena, AM, additional
Published: 2019
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6. EP1013 Overview of non-epithelial ovarian tumours: incidence and survival in the netherlands

Author: van der Hel, OL, primary, Timmermans, M, additional, van Altena, AM, additional, Kruitwagen, RFPM, additional, Slangen, BFM, additional, Sonke, GS, additional, van de Vijver, KK, additional, and van der Aa, MA, additional
Published: 2019
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7. rs495139 in the TYMS-ENOSF1 Region and Risk of Ovarian Carcinoma of Mucinous Histology

Author: Kelemen, LE, Earp, M, Fridley, BL, Chenevix-Trench, G, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Ekici, AB, Hein, A, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Rossing, MA, Doherty, JA, Chang-Claude, J, Behrens, S, Moysich, KB, Cannioto, R, Lele, S, Odunsi, K, Goodman, MT, Shvetsov, YB, Thompson, PJ, Wilkens, LR, Doerk, T, Antonenkova, N, Bogdanova, N, Hillemanns, P, Runnebaum, IB, du Bois, A, Harter, P, Heitz, F, Schwaab, I, Butzow, R, Pelttari, LM, Nevanlinna, H, Modugno, F, Edwards, RP, Kelley, JL, Ness, RB, Karlan, BY, Lester, J, Orsulic, S, Walsh, C, Kjaer, SK, Jensen, A, Cunningham, JM, Vierkant, RA, Giles, GG, Bruinsma, F, Southey, MC, Hildebrandt, MAT, Liang, D, Lu, K, Wu, X, Sellers, TA, Levine, DA, Schildkraut, JM, Iversen, ES, Terry, KL, Cramer, DW, Tworoger, SS, Poole, EM, Bandera, EV, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Thomsen, LCV, Bjorge, L, Krakstad, C, Tangen, IL, Kiemeney, LA, Aben, KKH, Massuger, LFAG, van Altena, AM, Pejovic, T, Bean, Y, Kellar, M, Cook, LS, Le, ND, Brooks-Wilson, A, Gronwald, J, Cybulski, C, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Wentzensen, N, Brinton, LA, Lissowska, J, Hogdall, E, Engelholm, SA, Hogdall, C, Lundvall, L, Nedergaard, L, Pharoah, PDP, Dicks, E, Song, H, Tyrer, JP, McNeish, I, Siddiqui, N, Carty, K, Glasspool, R, Paul, J, Campbell, IG, Eccles, D, Whittemore, AS, McGuire, V, Rothstein, JH, Sieh, W, Narod, SA, Phelan, CM, McLaughlin, JR, Risch, HA, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Menon, U, Gayther, SA, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Ramus, SJ, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Lee, AW, Pike, MC, Kupryjanczyk, J, Podgorska, A, Plisiecka-Halasa, J, Sawicki, W, Goode, EL, Berchuck, A, Kelemen, LE, Earp, M, Fridley, BL, Chenevix-Trench, G, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Ekici, AB, Hein, A, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Rossing, MA, Doherty, JA, Chang-Claude, J, Behrens, S, Moysich, KB, Cannioto, R, Lele, S, Odunsi, K, Goodman, MT, Shvetsov, YB, Thompson, PJ, Wilkens, LR, Doerk, T, Antonenkova, N, Bogdanova, N, Hillemanns, P, Runnebaum, IB, du Bois, A, Harter, P, Heitz, F, Schwaab, I, Butzow, R, Pelttari, LM, Nevanlinna, H, Modugno, F, Edwards, RP, Kelley, JL, Ness, RB, Karlan, BY, Lester, J, Orsulic, S, Walsh, C, Kjaer, SK, Jensen, A, Cunningham, JM, Vierkant, RA, Giles, GG, Bruinsma, F, Southey, MC, Hildebrandt, MAT, Liang, D, Lu, K, Wu, X, Sellers, TA, Levine, DA, Schildkraut, JM, Iversen, ES, Terry, KL, Cramer, DW, Tworoger, SS, Poole, EM, Bandera, EV, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Thomsen, LCV, Bjorge, L, Krakstad, C, Tangen, IL, Kiemeney, LA, Aben, KKH, Massuger, LFAG, van Altena, AM, Pejovic, T, Bean, Y, Kellar, M, Cook, LS, Le, ND, Brooks-Wilson, A, Gronwald, J, Cybulski, C, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Wentzensen, N, Brinton, LA, Lissowska, J, Hogdall, E, Engelholm, SA, Hogdall, C, Lundvall, L, Nedergaard, L, Pharoah, PDP, Dicks, E, Song, H, Tyrer, JP, McNeish, I, Siddiqui, N, Carty, K, Glasspool, R, Paul, J, Campbell, IG, Eccles, D, Whittemore, AS, McGuire, V, Rothstein, JH, Sieh, W, Narod, SA, Phelan, CM, McLaughlin, JR, Risch, HA, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Menon, U, Gayther, SA, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Ramus, SJ, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Lee, AW, Pike, MC, Kupryjanczyk, J, Podgorska, A, Plisiecka-Halasa, J, Sawicki, W, Goode, EL, and Berchuck, A
Abstract: Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) is a crucial enzyme for DNA synthesis. TYMS expression is regulated by its antisense mRNA, ENOSF1. Disrupted regulation may promote uncontrolled DNA synthesis and tumor growth. We sought to replicate our previously reported association between rs495139 in the TYMS-ENOSF1 3' gene region and increased risk of mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) in an independent sample. Genotypes from 24,351 controls to 15,000 women with invasive OC, including 665 MOC, were available. We estimated per-allele odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using unconditional logistic regression, and meta-analysis when combining these data with our previous report. The association between rs495139 and MOC was not significant in the independent sample (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 0.97⁻1.22; p = 0.15; N = 665 cases). Meta-analysis suggested a weak association (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.03⁻1.24; p = 0.01; N = 1019 cases). No significant association with risk of other OC histologic types was observed (p = 0.05 for tumor heterogeneity). In expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis, the rs495139 allele was positively associated with ENOSF1 mRNA expression in normal tissues of the gastrointestinal system, particularly esophageal mucosa (r = 0.51, p = 1.7 × 10-28), and nonsignificantly in five MOC tumors. The association results, along with inconclusive tumor eQTL findings, suggest that a true effect of rs495139 might be small.
Published: 2018

8. Corrigendum: Common variants at 19p13 are associated with susceptibility to ovarian cancer

Author: Bolton, KL, Tyrer, J, Song, H, Ramus, SJ, Notaridou, M, Jones, C, Sher, T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Wozniak, E, Tsai, Y-Y, Weidhaas, J, Paik, D, Van Den Berg, DJ, Stram, DO, Pearce, CL, Wu, AH, Brewster, W, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Narod, SA, Levine, DA, Kaye, SB, Brown, R, Paul, J, Flanagan, J, Sieh, W, McGuire, V, Whittemore, AS, Campbell, I, Gore, ME, Lissowska, J, Yang, HP, Medrek, K, Gronwald, J, Lubinski, J, Jakubowska, A, Le, ND, Cook, LS, Kelemen, LE, Brooks-Wilson, A, Massuger, LFAG, Kiemeney, LA, Aben, KKH, van Altena, AM, Houlston, R, Tomlinson, I, Palmieri, RT, Moorman, PG, Schildkraut, J, Iversen, ES, Phelan, C, Vierkant, RA, Cunningham, JM, Goode, EL, Fridley, BL, Kruger-Kjaer, S, Blaeker, J, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, C, Gross, J, Karlan, BY, Ness, RB, Edwards, RP, Odunsi, K, Moyisch, KB, Baker, JA, Modugno, F, Heikkinenen, T, Butzow, R, Nevanlinna, H, Leminen, A, Bogdanova, N, Antonenkova, N, Doerk, T, Hillemanns, P, Dürst, M, Runnebaum, I, Thompson, PJ, Carney, ME, Goodman, MT, Lurie, G, Wang-Gohrke, S, Hein, R, Chang-Claude, J, Rossing, MA, Cushing-Haugen, KL, Doherty, J, Chen, C, Rafnar, T, Besenbacher, S, Sulem, P, Stefansson, K, Birrer, MJ, Terry, KL, Hernandez, D, Cramer, DW, Vergote, I, Amant, F, Lambrechts, D, Despierre, E, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Thiel, FC, Ekici, AB, Chen, X, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Johnatty, SE, Webb, PM, Beesley, J, Chanock, S, Garcia-Closas, M, Sellers, T, Easton, DF, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Pharoah, PDP, and Gayther, SA
Subjects: Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group
Published: 2016

9. Assessment of variation in immunosuppressive pathway genes reveals TGFBR2 to be associated with risk of clear cell ovarian cancer

Author: Hampras, SS, Sucheston-Campbell, LE, Cannioto, R, Chang-Claude, J, Modugno, F, Doerk, T, Hillemanns, P, Preus, L, Knutson, KL, Wallace, PK, Hong, C-C, Friel, G, Davis, W, Nesline, M, Pearce, CL, Kelemen, LE, Goodman, MT, Bandera, EV, Terry, KL, Schoof, N, Eng, KH, Clay, A, Singh, PK, Joseph, JM, Aben, KKH, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Baker, H, Bean, Y, Beckmann, MW, Bisogna, M, Bjorge, L, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bruinsma, F, Butzow, R, Campbell, IG, Carty, K, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Dennis, J, Despierre, E, Dicks, E, Doherty, JA, du Bois, A, Duerst, M, Easton, D, Eccles, D, Edwards, RP, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fridley, BL, Gao, Y-T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Gronwald, J, Harrington, P, Harter, P, Hasmad, HN, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hogdall, C, Hogdall, E, Hosono, S, Iversen, ES, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Ji, B-T, Karlan, BY, Kellar, M, Kelley, JL, Kiemeney, LA, Klapdor, R, Kolomeyevskaya, N, Krakstad, C, Kjaer, SK, Kruszka, B, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Lele, S, Leminen, A, Lester, J, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lissowska, J, Liu, S, Lu, K, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, I, Menon, U, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Narod, SA, Nedergaard, L, Nevanlinna, H, Nickels, S, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Weber, RP, Paul, J, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Perkins, B, Permuth-Wey, J, Pike, MC, Plisiecka-Halasa, J, Poole, EM, Risch, HA, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schernhammer, E, Schmitt, K, Schwaab, I, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Siddiqui, N, Sieh, W, Song, H, Southey, MC, Tangen, IL, Teo, S-H, Thompson, PJ, Timorek, A, Tsai, Y-Y, Tworoger, SS, Tyrer, J, van Altena, AM, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Walsh, C, Wang-Gohrke, S, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wicklund, KG, Wilkens, LR, Wu, AH, Wu, X, Woo, Y-L, Yang, H, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Gayther, SA, Ramus, SJ, Sellers, TA, Schildkraut, JM, Phelan, CM, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Cunningham, JM, Pharoah, PP, Ness, RB, Odunsi, K, Goode, EL, Moysich, KB, Hampras, SS, Sucheston-Campbell, LE, Cannioto, R, Chang-Claude, J, Modugno, F, Doerk, T, Hillemanns, P, Preus, L, Knutson, KL, Wallace, PK, Hong, C-C, Friel, G, Davis, W, Nesline, M, Pearce, CL, Kelemen, LE, Goodman, MT, Bandera, EV, Terry, KL, Schoof, N, Eng, KH, Clay, A, Singh, PK, Joseph, JM, Aben, KKH, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Baker, H, Bean, Y, Beckmann, MW, Bisogna, M, Bjorge, L, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bruinsma, F, Butzow, R, Campbell, IG, Carty, K, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Dennis, J, Despierre, E, Dicks, E, Doherty, JA, du Bois, A, Duerst, M, Easton, D, Eccles, D, Edwards, RP, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fridley, BL, Gao, Y-T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Gronwald, J, Harrington, P, Harter, P, Hasmad, HN, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hogdall, C, Hogdall, E, Hosono, S, Iversen, ES, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Ji, B-T, Karlan, BY, Kellar, M, Kelley, JL, Kiemeney, LA, Klapdor, R, Kolomeyevskaya, N, Krakstad, C, Kjaer, SK, Kruszka, B, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Lele, S, Leminen, A, Lester, J, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lissowska, J, Liu, S, Lu, K, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, I, Menon, U, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Narod, SA, Nedergaard, L, Nevanlinna, H, Nickels, S, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Weber, RP, Paul, J, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Perkins, B, Permuth-Wey, J, Pike, MC, Plisiecka-Halasa, J, Poole, EM, Risch, HA, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schernhammer, E, Schmitt, K, Schwaab, I, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Siddiqui, N, Sieh, W, Song, H, Southey, MC, Tangen, IL, Teo, S-H, Thompson, PJ, Timorek, A, Tsai, Y-Y, Tworoger, SS, Tyrer, J, van Altena, AM, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Walsh, C, Wang-Gohrke, S, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wicklund, KG, Wilkens, LR, Wu, AH, Wu, X, Woo, Y-L, Yang, H, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Gayther, SA, Ramus, SJ, Sellers, TA, Schildkraut, JM, Phelan, CM, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Cunningham, JM, Pharoah, PP, Ness, RB, Odunsi, K, Goode, EL, and Moysich, KB
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Regulatory T (Treg) cells, a subset of CD4+ T lymphocytes, are mediators of immunosuppression in cancer, and, thus, variants in genes encoding Treg cell immune molecules could be associated with ovarian cancer. METHODS: In a population of 15,596 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cases and 23,236 controls, we measured genetic associations of 1,351 SNPs in Treg cell pathway genes with odds of ovarian cancer and tested pathway and gene-level associations, overall and by histotype, for the 25 genes, using the admixture likelihood (AML) method. The most significant single SNP associations were tested for correlation with expression levels in 44 ovarian cancer patients. RESULTS: The most significant global associations for all genes in the pathway were seen in endometrioid ( p = 0.082) and clear cell ( p = 0.083), with the most significant gene level association seen with TGFBR2 ( p = 0.001) and clear cell EOC. Gene associations with histotypes at p < 0.05 included: IL12 ( p = 0.005 and p = 0.008, serous and high-grade serous, respectively), IL8RA ( p = 0.035, endometrioid and mucinous), LGALS1 ( p = 0.03, mucinous), STAT5B ( p = 0.022, clear cell), TGFBR1 ( p = 0.021 endometrioid) and TGFBR2 ( p = 0.017 and p = 0.025, endometrioid and mucinous, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Common inherited gene variation in Treg cell pathways shows some evidence of germline genetic contribution to odds of EOC that varies by histologic subtype and may be associated with mRNA expression of immune-complex receptor in EOC patients.
Published: 2016

10. PALB2, CHEK2 and ATM rare variants and cancer risk: data from COGS

Author: Southey, MC, Goldgar, DE, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Couch, F, Tischkowitz, M, Foulkes, WD, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, van Rensburg, EJ, Heikkinen, T, Nevanlinna, H, Hopper, JL, Doerk, T, Claes, KBM, Reis-Filho, J, Teo, ZL, Radice, P, Catucci, I, Peterlongo, P, Tsimiklis, H, Odefrey, FA, Dowty, JG, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FB, Verhoef, S, Carpenter, J, Clarke, C, Scott, RJ, Fasching, PA, Haeberle, L, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Bolla, MK, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Marme, F, Burwinkel, B, Yang, R, Guenel, P, Therese, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Bojesen, S, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Benitez, J, Pilar Zamora, M, Arias Perez, JI, Menendez, P, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, S, Ziogas, A, Clarke, CA, Brenner, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Ko, Y-D, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Spurdle, AB, Wauters, E, Smeets, D, Beuselinck, B, Floris, G, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Pankratz, VS, McLean, C, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Kristensen, V, Alnaes, GG, Zheng, W, Hunter, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Hankinson, SE, Kraft, P, Andrulis, I, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Kauppila, S, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Hollestelle, A, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Eccles, DM, Rafiq, S, Tapper, WJ, Gerty, SM, Hooning, MJ, Martens, JWM, Collee, JM, Tilanus-Linthorst, M, Hall, P, Li, J, Brand, JS, Humphreys, K, Cox, A, Reed, MWR, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Dunning, AM, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Ulmer, HU, Ruediger, T, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Rosario Alonso, M, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Simard, J, Dumont, M, Soucy, P, Eeles, R, Muir, K, Wiklund, F, Gronberg, H, Schleutker, J, Nordestgaard, BG, Weischer, M, Travis, RC, Neal, D, Donovan, JL, Hamdy, FC, Khaw, K-T, Stanford, JL, Blot, WJ, Thibodeau, S, Schaid, DJ, Kelley, JL, Maier, C, Kibel, AS, Cybulski, C, Cannon-Albright, L, Butterbach, K, Park, J, Kaneva, R, Batra, J, Teixeira, MR, Kote-Jarai, Z, Al Olama, AA, Benlloch, S, Renner, SP, Hartmann, A, Hein, A, Ruebner, M, Lambrechts, D, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Lambretchs, S, Doherty, JA, Rossing, MA, Nickels, S, Eilber, U, Wang-Gohrke, S, Odunsi, K, Sucheston-Campbell, LE, Friel, G, Lurie, G, Killeen, JL, Wilkens, LR, Goodman, MT, Runnebaum, I, Hillemanns, PA, Pelttari, LM, Butzow, R, Modugno, F, Edwards, RP, Ness, RB, Moysich, KB, du Bois, A, Heitz, F, Harter, P, Kommoss, S, Karlan, BY, Walsh, C, Lester, J, Jensen, A, Kjaer, SK, Hogdall, E, Peissel, B, Bonanni, B, Bernard, L, Goode, EL, Fridley, BL, Vierkant, RA, Cunningham, JM, Larson, MC, Fogarty, ZC, Kalli, KR, Liang, D, Lu, KH, Hildebrandt, MAT, Wu, X, Levine, DA, Dao, F, Bisogna, M, Berchuck, A, Iversen, ES, Marks, JR, Akushevich, L, Cramer, DW, Schildkraut, J, Terry, KL, Poole, EM, Stampfer, M, Tworoger, SS, Bandera, EV, Orlow, I, Olson, SH, Bjorge, L, Salvesen, HB, van Altena, AM, Aben, KKH, Kiemeney, LA, Massuger, LFAG, Pejovic, T, Bean, Y, Brooks-Wilson, A, Kelemen, LE, Cook, LS, Le, ND, Grski, B, Gronwald, J, Menkiszak, J, Hogdall, CK, Lundvall, L, Nedergaard, L, Engelholm, SA, Dicks, E, Tyrer, J, Campbell, I, McNeish, I, Paul, J, Siddiqui, N, Glasspool, R, Whittemore, AS, Rothstein, JH, McGuire, V, Sieh, W, Cai, H, Shu, X-O, Teten, RT, Sutphen, R, McLaughlin, JR, Narod, SA, Phelan, CM, Monteiro, AN, Fenstermacher, D, Lin, H-Y, Permuth, JB, Sellers, TA, Chen, YA, Tsai, Y-Y, Chen, Z, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Gayther, SA, Ramus, SJ, Menon, U, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Van den Berg, D, Pike, MC, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Plisiecka-Halasa, J, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Kupryjanczyk, J, Pharoah, PDP, Song, H, Winship, I, Chenevix-Trench, G, Giles, GG, Tavtigian, SV, Easton, DF, Milne, RL, Southey, MC, Goldgar, DE, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Couch, F, Tischkowitz, M, Foulkes, WD, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, van Rensburg, EJ, Heikkinen, T, Nevanlinna, H, Hopper, JL, Doerk, T, Claes, KBM, Reis-Filho, J, Teo, ZL, Radice, P, Catucci, I, Peterlongo, P, Tsimiklis, H, Odefrey, FA, Dowty, JG, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FB, Verhoef, S, Carpenter, J, Clarke, C, Scott, RJ, Fasching, PA, Haeberle, L, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Bolla, MK, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Marme, F, Burwinkel, B, Yang, R, Guenel, P, Therese, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Bojesen, S, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Benitez, J, Pilar Zamora, M, Arias Perez, JI, Menendez, P, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, S, Ziogas, A, Clarke, CA, Brenner, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Ko, Y-D, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Spurdle, AB, Wauters, E, Smeets, D, Beuselinck, B, Floris, G, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Pankratz, VS, McLean, C, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Kristensen, V, Alnaes, GG, Zheng, W, Hunter, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Hankinson, SE, Kraft, P, Andrulis, I, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Kauppila, S, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Hollestelle, A, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Eccles, DM, Rafiq, S, Tapper, WJ, Gerty, SM, Hooning, MJ, Martens, JWM, Collee, JM, Tilanus-Linthorst, M, Hall, P, Li, J, Brand, JS, Humphreys, K, Cox, A, Reed, MWR, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Dunning, AM, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Ulmer, HU, Ruediger, T, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Rosario Alonso, M, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Simard, J, Dumont, M, Soucy, P, Eeles, R, Muir, K, Wiklund, F, Gronberg, H, Schleutker, J, Nordestgaard, BG, Weischer, M, Travis, RC, Neal, D, Donovan, JL, Hamdy, FC, Khaw, K-T, Stanford, JL, Blot, WJ, Thibodeau, S, Schaid, DJ, Kelley, JL, Maier, C, Kibel, AS, Cybulski, C, Cannon-Albright, L, Butterbach, K, Park, J, Kaneva, R, Batra, J, Teixeira, MR, Kote-Jarai, Z, Al Olama, AA, Benlloch, S, Renner, SP, Hartmann, A, Hein, A, Ruebner, M, Lambrechts, D, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Lambretchs, S, Doherty, JA, Rossing, MA, Nickels, S, Eilber, U, Wang-Gohrke, S, Odunsi, K, Sucheston-Campbell, LE, Friel, G, Lurie, G, Killeen, JL, Wilkens, LR, Goodman, MT, Runnebaum, I, Hillemanns, PA, Pelttari, LM, Butzow, R, Modugno, F, Edwards, RP, Ness, RB, Moysich, KB, du Bois, A, Heitz, F, Harter, P, Kommoss, S, Karlan, BY, Walsh, C, Lester, J, Jensen, A, Kjaer, SK, Hogdall, E, Peissel, B, Bonanni, B, Bernard, L, Goode, EL, Fridley, BL, Vierkant, RA, Cunningham, JM, Larson, MC, Fogarty, ZC, Kalli, KR, Liang, D, Lu, KH, Hildebrandt, MAT, Wu, X, Levine, DA, Dao, F, Bisogna, M, Berchuck, A, Iversen, ES, Marks, JR, Akushevich, L, Cramer, DW, Schildkraut, J, Terry, KL, Poole, EM, Stampfer, M, Tworoger, SS, Bandera, EV, Orlow, I, Olson, SH, Bjorge, L, Salvesen, HB, van Altena, AM, Aben, KKH, Kiemeney, LA, Massuger, LFAG, Pejovic, T, Bean, Y, Brooks-Wilson, A, Kelemen, LE, Cook, LS, Le, ND, Grski, B, Gronwald, J, Menkiszak, J, Hogdall, CK, Lundvall, L, Nedergaard, L, Engelholm, SA, Dicks, E, Tyrer, J, Campbell, I, McNeish, I, Paul, J, Siddiqui, N, Glasspool, R, Whittemore, AS, Rothstein, JH, McGuire, V, Sieh, W, Cai, H, Shu, X-O, Teten, RT, Sutphen, R, McLaughlin, JR, Narod, SA, Phelan, CM, Monteiro, AN, Fenstermacher, D, Lin, H-Y, Permuth, JB, Sellers, TA, Chen, YA, Tsai, Y-Y, Chen, Z, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Gayther, SA, Ramus, SJ, Menon, U, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Van den Berg, D, Pike, MC, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Plisiecka-Halasa, J, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Kupryjanczyk, J, Pharoah, PDP, Song, H, Winship, I, Chenevix-Trench, G, Giles, GG, Tavtigian, SV, Easton, DF, and Milne, RL
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The rarity of mutations in PALB2, CHEK2 and ATM make it difficult to estimate precisely associated cancer risks. Population-based family studies have provided evidence that at least some of these mutations are associated with breast cancer risk as high as those associated with rare BRCA2 mutations. We aimed to estimate the relative risks associated with specific rare variants in PALB2, CHEK2 and ATM via a multicentre case-control study. METHODS: We genotyped 10 rare mutations using the custom iCOGS array: PALB2 c.1592delT, c.2816T>G and c.3113G>A, CHEK2 c.349A>G, c.538C>T, c.715G>A, c.1036C>T, c.1312G>T, and c.1343T>G and ATM c.7271T>G. We assessed associations with breast cancer risk (42 671 cases and 42 164 controls), as well as prostate (22 301 cases and 22 320 controls) and ovarian (14 542 cases and 23 491 controls) cancer risk, for each variant. RESULTS: For European women, strong evidence of association with breast cancer risk was observed for PALB2 c.1592delT OR 3.44 (95% CI 1.39 to 8.52, p=7.1×10-5), PALB2 c.3113G>A OR 4.21 (95% CI 1.84 to 9.60, p=6.9×10-8) and ATM c.7271T>G OR 11.0 (95% CI 1.42 to 85.7, p=0.0012). We also found evidence of association with breast cancer risk for three variants in CHEK2, c.349A>G OR 2.26 (95% CI 1.29 to 3.95), c.1036C>T OR 5.06 (95% CI 1.09 to 23.5) and c.538C>T OR 1.33 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.67) (p≤0.017). Evidence for prostate cancer risk was observed for CHEK2 c.1343T>G OR 3.03 (95% CI 1.53 to 6.03, p=0.0006) for African men and CHEK2 c.1312G>T OR 2.21 (95% CI 1.06 to 4.63, p=0.030) for European men. No evidence of association with ovarian cancer was found for any of these variants. CONCLUSIONS: This report adds to accumulating evidence that at least some variants in these genes are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer that is clinically important.
Published: 2016

11. Consortium analysis of gene and gene-folate interactions in purine and pyrimidine metabolism pathways with ovarian carcinoma risk

Author: Kelemen, LE, Terry, KL, Goodman, MT, Webb, PM, Bandera, EV, McGuire, V, Anne Rossing, M, Wang, Q, Dicks, E, Tyrer, JP, Song, H, Kupryjanczyk, J, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Plisiecka-Halasa, J, Timorek, A, Menon, U, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Gayther, SA, Ramus, SJ, Narod, SA, Risch, HA, McLaughlin, JR, Siddiqui, N, Glasspool, R, Paul, J, Carty, K, Gronwald, J, Lubiński, J, Jakubowska, A, Cybulski, C, Kiemeney, LA, Massuger, LFAG, van Altena, AM, Aben, KKH, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Cramer, DW, Levine, DA, Bisogna, M, Giles, GG, Southey, MC, Bruinsma, F, Kjær, SK, Høgdall, E, Jensen, A, Høgdall, CK, Lundvall, L, Engelholm, SA, Heitz, F, du Bois, A, Harter, P, Schwaab, I, Butzow, R, Nevanlinna, H, Pelttari, LM, Leminen, A, Thompson, PJ, Lurie, G, Wilkens, LR, Lambrechts, D, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Lambrechts, S, Vergote, I, Beesley, J, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Doherty, JA, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Pike, MC, Stram, D, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Dörk, T, Dürst, M, Hillemanns, P, Runnebaum, IB, and Bogdanova, N
Subjects: Folate, Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 (soluble), Case-control, Polymorphism, Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
Abstract: © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. Scope: We reevaluated previously reported associations between variants in pathways of onecarbon (1-C) (folate) transfer genes and ovarian carcinoma (OC) risk, and in related pathways of purine and pyrimidine metabolism, and assessed interactions with folate intake. Methods and results: Odds ratios (OR) for 446 genetic variants were estimated among 13 410 OC cases and 22 635 controls, and among 2281 cases and 3444 controls with folate information. Following multiple testing correction, the most significant main effect associations were for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) variants rs11587873 (OR = 0.92; p = 6 × 10-5) and rs828054 (OR = 1.06; p = 1 × 10-4). Thirteen variants in the pyrimidine metabolism genes, DPYD, DPYS, PPAT, and TYMS, also interacted significantly with folate in a multivariant analysis (corrected p = 9.9 × 10-6) but collectively explained only 0.2% of OC risk. Although no other associations were significant after multiple testing correction, variants in SHMT1 in 1-C transfer, previously reported with OC, suggested lower risk at higher folate (pinteraction= 0.03-0.006). Conclusion: Variation in pyrimidine metabolism genes, particularly DPYD, which was previously reported to be associated with OC, may influence risk; however, stratification by folate intake is unlikely to modify disease risk appreciably in these women. SHMT1 SNP-by-folate interactions are plausible but require further validation. Polymorphisms in selected genes in purine metabolism were not associated with OC.
Published: 2014

12. Common Genetic Variation In Cellular Transport Genes and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) Risk

Author: Agoulnik, IU, Chornokur, G, Lin, H-Y, Tyrer, JP, Lawrenson, K, Dennis, J, Amankwah, EK, Qu, X, Tsai, Y-Y, Jim, HSL, Chen, Z, Chen, AY, Permuth-Wey, J, Aben, KKH, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Bruinsma, F, Bandera, EV, Bean, YT, Beckmann, MW, Bisogna, M, Bjorge, L, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bunker, CH, Butzow, R, Campbell, IG, Carty, K, Chang-Claude, J, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, du Bois, A, Despierre, E, Dicks, E, Doherty, JA, Dork, T, Durst, M, Easton, DF, Eccles, DM, Edwards, RP, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fridley, BL, Gao, Y-T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Goodman, MT, Gronwald, J, Harrington, P, Harter, P, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hillemanns, P, Hogdall, CK, Hogdall, E, Hosono, S, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Ji, B-T, Karlan, BY, Kelemen, LE, Kellar, M, Kiemeney, LA, Krakstad, C, Kjaer, SK, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Lele, S, Leminen, A, Lester, J, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lim, BK, Lissowska, J, Lu, K, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, I, Menon, U, Milne, RL, Modugno, F, Moysich, KB, Ness, RB, Nevanlinna, H, Eilber, U, Odunsi, K, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Orsulic, S, Weber, RP, Paul, J, Pearce, CL, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Risch, HA, Rosen, B, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schernhammer, E, Schwaab, I, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Siddiqui, N, Sieh, W, Song, H, Southey, MC, Spiewankiewicz, B, Sucheston, L, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, L, Tangen, IL, Tworoger, SS, van Altena, AM, Vierkant, RA, Vergote, I, Walsh, CS, Wang-Gohrke, S, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wicklund, KG, Wilkens, LR, Wu, AH, Wu, X, Woo, Y-L, Yang, H, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Hasmad, HN, Berchuck, A, Iversen, ES, Schildkraut, JM, Ramus, SJ, Goode, EL, Monteiro, ANA, Gayther, SA, Narod, SA, Pharoah, PP, Sellers, TA, Phelan, CM, Agoulnik, IU, Chornokur, G, Lin, H-Y, Tyrer, JP, Lawrenson, K, Dennis, J, Amankwah, EK, Qu, X, Tsai, Y-Y, Jim, HSL, Chen, Z, Chen, AY, Permuth-Wey, J, Aben, KKH, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Bruinsma, F, Bandera, EV, Bean, YT, Beckmann, MW, Bisogna, M, Bjorge, L, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bunker, CH, Butzow, R, Campbell, IG, Carty, K, Chang-Claude, J, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, du Bois, A, Despierre, E, Dicks, E, Doherty, JA, Dork, T, Durst, M, Easton, DF, Eccles, DM, Edwards, RP, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fridley, BL, Gao, Y-T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Goodman, MT, Gronwald, J, Harrington, P, Harter, P, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hillemanns, P, Hogdall, CK, Hogdall, E, Hosono, S, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Ji, B-T, Karlan, BY, Kelemen, LE, Kellar, M, Kiemeney, LA, Krakstad, C, Kjaer, SK, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Lele, S, Leminen, A, Lester, J, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lim, BK, Lissowska, J, Lu, K, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, I, Menon, U, Milne, RL, Modugno, F, Moysich, KB, Ness, RB, Nevanlinna, H, Eilber, U, Odunsi, K, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Orsulic, S, Weber, RP, Paul, J, Pearce, CL, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Risch, HA, Rosen, B, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schernhammer, E, Schwaab, I, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Siddiqui, N, Sieh, W, Song, H, Southey, MC, Spiewankiewicz, B, Sucheston, L, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, L, Tangen, IL, Tworoger, SS, van Altena, AM, Vierkant, RA, Vergote, I, Walsh, CS, Wang-Gohrke, S, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wicklund, KG, Wilkens, LR, Wu, AH, Wu, X, Woo, Y-L, Yang, H, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Hasmad, HN, Berchuck, A, Iversen, ES, Schildkraut, JM, Ramus, SJ, Goode, EL, Monteiro, ANA, Gayther, SA, Narod, SA, Pharoah, PP, Sellers, TA, and Phelan, CM
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Defective cellular transport processes can lead to aberrant accumulation of trace elements, iron, small molecules and hormones in the cell, which in turn may promote the formation of reactive oxygen species, promoting DNA damage and aberrant expression of key regulatory cancer genes. As DNA damage and uncontrolled proliferation are hallmarks of cancer, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), we hypothesized that inherited variation in the cellular transport genes contributes to EOC risk. METHODS: In total, DNA samples were obtained from 14,525 case subjects with invasive EOC and from 23,447 controls from 43 sites in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC). Two hundred seventy nine SNPs, representing 131 genes, were genotyped using an Illumina Infinium iSelect BeadChip as part of the Collaborative Oncological Gene-environment Study (COGS). SNP analyses were conducted using unconditional logistic regression under a log-additive model, and the FDR q<0.2 was applied to adjust for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: The most significant evidence of an association for all invasive cancers combined and for the serous subtype was observed for SNP rs17216603 in the iron transporter gene HEPH (invasive: OR = 0.85, P = 0.00026; serous: OR = 0.81, P = 0.00020); this SNP was also associated with the borderline/low malignant potential (LMP) tumors (P = 0.021). Other genes significantly associated with EOC histological subtypes (p<0.05) included the UGT1A (endometrioid), SLC25A45 (mucinous), SLC39A11 (low malignant potential), and SERPINA7 (clear cell carcinoma). In addition, 1785 SNPs in six genes (HEPH, MGST1, SERPINA, SLC25A45, SLC39A11 and UGT1A) were imputed from the 1000 Genomes Project and examined for association with INV EOC in white-European subjects. The most significant imputed SNP was rs117729793 in SLC39A11 (per allele, OR = 2.55, 95% CI = 1.5-4.35, p = 5.66x10-4). CONCLUSION: These results, generated on a large cohort of women, revealed associatio
Published: 2015

13. Common Genetic Variation in Circadian Rhythm Genes and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC).

Author: Jim, HSL, Lin, H-Y, Tyrer, JP, Lawrenson, K, Dennis, J, Chornokur, G, Chen, Z, Chen, AY, Permuth-Wey, J, Aben, KK, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Bruinsma, F, Bandera, EV, Bean, YT, Beckmann, MW, Bisogna, M, Bjorge, L, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bunker, CH, Butzow, R, Campbell, IG, Carty, K, Chang-Claude, J, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, du Bois, A, Despierre, E, Sieh, W, Doherty, JA, Dörk, T, Dürst, M, Easton, DF, Eccles, DM, Edwards, RP, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fridley, BL, Gao, Y-T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Goodman, MT, Gronwald, J, Harter, P, Hasmad, HN, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hillemanns, P, Hogdall, CK, Hogdall, E, Hosono, S, Iversen, ES, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Ji, B-T, Karlan, BY, Kellar, M, Kiemeney, LA, Krakstad, C, Kjaer, SK, Kupryjanczyk, J, Vierkant, RA, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Lele, S, Leminen, A, Lester, J, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lim, BK, Lissowska, J, Lu, K, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, I, Menon, U, Milne, RL, Modugno, F, Thomsen, L, Moysich, KB, Ness, RB, Nevanlinna, H, Eilber, U, Odunsi, K, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Orsulic, S, Palmieri Weber, R, Paul, J, Pearce, CL, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Schernhammer, E, Risch, HA, Rosen, B, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schwaab, I, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Siddiqui, N, Song, H, Southey, MC, Spiewankiewicz, B, Sucheston-Campbell, L, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Tangen, IL, Tworoger, SS, van Altena, AM, Vergote, I, Walsh, CS, Wang-Gohrke, S, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wicklund, KG, Wilkens, LR, Wu, AH, Wu, X, Woo, Y-L, Yang, H, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Amankwah, E, Berchuck, A, Georgia Chenevix-Trench on behalf of the AOCS management group 95,96, Schildkraut, JM, Kelemen, LE, Ramus, SJ, Monteiro, ANA, Goode, EL, Narod, SA, Gayther, SA, Pharoah, PDP, Sellers, TA, Phelan, CM, Jim, HSL, Lin, H-Y, Tyrer, JP, Lawrenson, K, Dennis, J, Chornokur, G, Chen, Z, Chen, AY, Permuth-Wey, J, Aben, KK, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Bruinsma, F, Bandera, EV, Bean, YT, Beckmann, MW, Bisogna, M, Bjorge, L, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bunker, CH, Butzow, R, Campbell, IG, Carty, K, Chang-Claude, J, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, du Bois, A, Despierre, E, Sieh, W, Doherty, JA, Dörk, T, Dürst, M, Easton, DF, Eccles, DM, Edwards, RP, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fridley, BL, Gao, Y-T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Goodman, MT, Gronwald, J, Harter, P, Hasmad, HN, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hillemanns, P, Hogdall, CK, Hogdall, E, Hosono, S, Iversen, ES, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Ji, B-T, Karlan, BY, Kellar, M, Kiemeney, LA, Krakstad, C, Kjaer, SK, Kupryjanczyk, J, Vierkant, RA, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Lele, S, Leminen, A, Lester, J, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lim, BK, Lissowska, J, Lu, K, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, I, Menon, U, Milne, RL, Modugno, F, Thomsen, L, Moysich, KB, Ness, RB, Nevanlinna, H, Eilber, U, Odunsi, K, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Orsulic, S, Palmieri Weber, R, Paul, J, Pearce, CL, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Schernhammer, E, Risch, HA, Rosen, B, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schwaab, I, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Siddiqui, N, Song, H, Southey, MC, Spiewankiewicz, B, Sucheston-Campbell, L, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Tangen, IL, Tworoger, SS, van Altena, AM, Vergote, I, Walsh, CS, Wang-Gohrke, S, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wicklund, KG, Wilkens, LR, Wu, AH, Wu, X, Woo, Y-L, Yang, H, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Amankwah, E, Berchuck, A, Georgia Chenevix-Trench on behalf of the AOCS management group 95,96, Schildkraut, JM, Kelemen, LE, Ramus, SJ, Monteiro, ANA, Goode, EL, Narod, SA, Gayther, SA, Pharoah, PDP, Sellers, TA, and Phelan, CM
Abstract: Disruption in circadian gene expression, whether due to genetic variation or environmental factors (e.g., light at night, shiftwork), is associated with increased incidence of breast, prostate, gastrointestinal and hematologic cancers and gliomas. Circadian genes are highly expressed in the ovaries where they regulate ovulation; circadian disruption is associated with several ovarian cancer risk factors (e.g., endometriosis). However, no studies have examined variation in germline circadian genes as predictors of ovarian cancer risk and invasiveness. The goal of the current study was to examine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in circadian genes BMAL1, CRY2, CSNK1E, NPAS2, PER3, REV1 and TIMELESS and downstream transcription factors KLF10 and SENP3 as predictors of risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and histopathologic subtypes. The study included a test set of 3,761 EOC cases and 2,722 controls and a validation set of 44,308 samples including 18,174 (10,316 serous) cases and 26,134 controls from 43 studies participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC). Analysis of genotype data from 36 genotyped SNPs and 4600 imputed SNPs indicated that the most significant association was rs117104877 in BMAL1 (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.68-0.90, p = 5.59 × 10-4]. Functional analysis revealed a significant down regulation of BMAL1 expression following cMYC overexpression and increasing transformation in ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells as well as alternative splicing of BMAL1 exons in ovarian and granulosa cells. These results suggest that variation in circadian genes, and specifically BMAL1, may be associated with risk of ovarian cancer, likely through disruption of hormonal pathways.
Published: 2015

14. Identification of six new susceptibility loci for invasive epithelial ovarian cancer

Author: Kuchenbaecker, KB, Ramus, SJ, Tyrer, J, Lee, A, Shen, HC, Beesley, J, Lawrenson, K, McGuffog, L, Healey, S, Lee, JM, Spindler, TJ, Lin, YG, Pejovic, T, Bean, Y, Li, Q, Coetzee, S, Hazelett, D, Miron, A, Southey, M, Terry, MB, Goldgar, DE, Buys, SS, Janavicius, R, Dorfling, CM, van Rensburg, EJ, Neuhausen, SL, Ding, YC, Hansen, TVO, Jonson, L, Gerdes, A-M, Ejlertsen, B, Barrowdale, D, Dennis, J, Benitez, J, Osorio, A, Garcia, MJ, Komenaka, I, Weitzel, JN, Ganschow, P, Peterlongo, P, Bernard, L, Viel, A, Bonanni, B, Peissel, B, Manoukian, S, Radice, P, Papi, L, Ottini, L, Fostira, F, Konstantopoulou, I, Garber, J, Frost, D, Perkins, J, Platte, R, Ellis, S, Godwin, AK, Schmutzler, RK, Meindl, A, Engel, C, Sutter, C, Sinilnikova, OM, Damiola, F, Mazoyer, S, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Claes, K, De Leeneer, K, Kirk, J, Rodriguez, GC, Piedmonte, M, O'Malley, DM, de la Hoya, M, Caldes, T, Aittomaeki, K, Nevanlinna, H, Collee, JM, Rookus, MA, Oosterwijk, JC, Tihomirova, L, Tung, N, Hamann, U, Isaccs, C, Tischkowitz, M, Imyanitov, EN, Caligo, MA, Campbell, IG, Hogervorst, FBL, Olah, E, Diez, O, Blanco, I, Brunet, J, Lazaroso, C, Angel Pujana, M, Jakubowska, A, Gronwald, J, Lubinski, J, Sukiennicki, G, Barkardottir, RB, Plante, M, Simard, J, Soucy, P, Montagna, M, Tognazzo, S, Teixeira, MR, Pankratz, VS, Wang, X, Lindor, N, Szabo, CI, Kauff, N, Vijai, J, Aghajanian, CA, Pfeiler, G, Berger, A, Singer, CF, Tea, M-K, Phelan, CM, Greene, MH, Mai, PL, Rennert, G, Mulligan, AM, Tchatchou, S, Andrulis, IL, Glendon, G, Toland, AE, Jensen, UB, Kruse, TA, Thomassen, M, Bojesen, A, Zidan, J, Friedman, E, Laitman, Y, Soller, M, Liljegren, A, Arver, B, Einbeigi, Z, Stenmark-Askmalm, M, Olopade, OI, Nussbaum, RL, Rebbeck, TR, Nathanson, KL, Domchek, SM, Lu, KH, Karlan, BY, Walsh, C, Lester, J, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Fasching, PA, Lambrechts, D, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Lambrechts, S, Dicks, E, Doherty, JA, Wicklund, KG, Rossing, MA, Rudolph, A, Chang-Claude, J, Wang-Gohrke, S, Eilber, U, Moysich, KB, Odunsi, K, Sucheston, L, Lele, S, Wilkens, LR, Goodman, MT, Thompson, PJ, Shvetsov, YB, Runnebaum, IB, Duerst, M, Hillemanns, P, Doerk, T, Antonenkova, N, Bogdanova, N, Leminen, A, Pelttari, LM, Butzow, R, Modugno, F, Kelley, JL, Edwards, RP, Ness, RB, du Bois, A, Heitz, F, Schwaab, I, Harter, P, Matsuo, K, Hosono, S, Orsulic, S, Jensen, A, Kjaer, SK, Hogdall, E, Hasmad, HN, Azmi, MAN, Teo, S-H, Woo, Y-L, Fridley, BL, Goode, EL, Cunningham, JM, Vierkant, RA, Bruinsma, F, Giles, GG, Liang, D, Hildebrandt, MAT, Wu, X, Levine, DA, Bisogna, M, Berchuck, A, Iversen, ES, Schildkraut, JM, Concannon, P, Weber, RP, Cramer, DW, Terry, KL, Poole, EM, Tworoger, SS, Bandera, EV, Orlow, I, Olson, SH, Krakstad, C, Salvesen, HB, Tangen, IL, Bjorge, L, van Altena, AM, Aben, KKH, Kiemeney, LA, Massuger, LFAG, Kellar, M, Brooks-Wilson, A, Kelemen, LE, Cook, LS, Le, ND, Cybulski, C, Yang, H, Lissowska, J, Brinton, LA, Wentzensen, N, Hogdall, C, Lundvall, L, Nedergaard, L, Baker, H, Song, H, Eccles, D, McNeish, I, Paul, J, Carty, K, Siddiqui, N, Glasspool, R, Whittemore, AS, Rothstein, JH, McGuire, V, Sieh, W, Ji, B-T, Zheng, W, Shu, X-O, Gao, Y-T, Rosen, B, Risch, HA, McLaughlin, JR, Narod, SA, Monteiro, AN, Chen, A, Lin, H-Y, Permuth-Wey, J, Sellers, TA, Tsai, Y-Y, Chen, Z, Ziogas, A, Anton-Culver, H, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Menon, U, Harrington, P, Lee, AW, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Coetzee, G, Pike, MC, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Timorek, A, Rzepecka, IK, Kupryjanczyk, J, Freedman, M, Noushmehr, H, Easton, DF, Offit, K, Couch, FJ, Gayther, S, Pharoah, PP, Antoniou, AC, Chenevix-Trench, G, Kuchenbaecker, KB, Ramus, SJ, Tyrer, J, Lee, A, Shen, HC, Beesley, J, Lawrenson, K, McGuffog, L, Healey, S, Lee, JM, Spindler, TJ, Lin, YG, Pejovic, T, Bean, Y, Li, Q, Coetzee, S, Hazelett, D, Miron, A, Southey, M, Terry, MB, Goldgar, DE, Buys, SS, Janavicius, R, Dorfling, CM, van Rensburg, EJ, Neuhausen, SL, Ding, YC, Hansen, TVO, Jonson, L, Gerdes, A-M, Ejlertsen, B, Barrowdale, D, Dennis, J, Benitez, J, Osorio, A, Garcia, MJ, Komenaka, I, Weitzel, JN, Ganschow, P, Peterlongo, P, Bernard, L, Viel, A, Bonanni, B, Peissel, B, Manoukian, S, Radice, P, Papi, L, Ottini, L, Fostira, F, Konstantopoulou, I, Garber, J, Frost, D, Perkins, J, Platte, R, Ellis, S, Godwin, AK, Schmutzler, RK, Meindl, A, Engel, C, Sutter, C, Sinilnikova, OM, Damiola, F, Mazoyer, S, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Claes, K, De Leeneer, K, Kirk, J, Rodriguez, GC, Piedmonte, M, O'Malley, DM, de la Hoya, M, Caldes, T, Aittomaeki, K, Nevanlinna, H, Collee, JM, Rookus, MA, Oosterwijk, JC, Tihomirova, L, Tung, N, Hamann, U, Isaccs, C, Tischkowitz, M, Imyanitov, EN, Caligo, MA, Campbell, IG, Hogervorst, FBL, Olah, E, Diez, O, Blanco, I, Brunet, J, Lazaroso, C, Angel Pujana, M, Jakubowska, A, Gronwald, J, Lubinski, J, Sukiennicki, G, Barkardottir, RB, Plante, M, Simard, J, Soucy, P, Montagna, M, Tognazzo, S, Teixeira, MR, Pankratz, VS, Wang, X, Lindor, N, Szabo, CI, Kauff, N, Vijai, J, Aghajanian, CA, Pfeiler, G, Berger, A, Singer, CF, Tea, M-K, Phelan, CM, Greene, MH, Mai, PL, Rennert, G, Mulligan, AM, Tchatchou, S, Andrulis, IL, Glendon, G, Toland, AE, Jensen, UB, Kruse, TA, Thomassen, M, Bojesen, A, Zidan, J, Friedman, E, Laitman, Y, Soller, M, Liljegren, A, Arver, B, Einbeigi, Z, Stenmark-Askmalm, M, Olopade, OI, Nussbaum, RL, Rebbeck, TR, Nathanson, KL, Domchek, SM, Lu, KH, Karlan, BY, Walsh, C, Lester, J, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Fasching, PA, Lambrechts, D, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Lambrechts, S, Dicks, E, Doherty, JA, Wicklund, KG, Rossing, MA, Rudolph, A, Chang-Claude, J, Wang-Gohrke, S, Eilber, U, Moysich, KB, Odunsi, K, Sucheston, L, Lele, S, Wilkens, LR, Goodman, MT, Thompson, PJ, Shvetsov, YB, Runnebaum, IB, Duerst, M, Hillemanns, P, Doerk, T, Antonenkova, N, Bogdanova, N, Leminen, A, Pelttari, LM, Butzow, R, Modugno, F, Kelley, JL, Edwards, RP, Ness, RB, du Bois, A, Heitz, F, Schwaab, I, Harter, P, Matsuo, K, Hosono, S, Orsulic, S, Jensen, A, Kjaer, SK, Hogdall, E, Hasmad, HN, Azmi, MAN, Teo, S-H, Woo, Y-L, Fridley, BL, Goode, EL, Cunningham, JM, Vierkant, RA, Bruinsma, F, Giles, GG, Liang, D, Hildebrandt, MAT, Wu, X, Levine, DA, Bisogna, M, Berchuck, A, Iversen, ES, Schildkraut, JM, Concannon, P, Weber, RP, Cramer, DW, Terry, KL, Poole, EM, Tworoger, SS, Bandera, EV, Orlow, I, Olson, SH, Krakstad, C, Salvesen, HB, Tangen, IL, Bjorge, L, van Altena, AM, Aben, KKH, Kiemeney, LA, Massuger, LFAG, Kellar, M, Brooks-Wilson, A, Kelemen, LE, Cook, LS, Le, ND, Cybulski, C, Yang, H, Lissowska, J, Brinton, LA, Wentzensen, N, Hogdall, C, Lundvall, L, Nedergaard, L, Baker, H, Song, H, Eccles, D, McNeish, I, Paul, J, Carty, K, Siddiqui, N, Glasspool, R, Whittemore, AS, Rothstein, JH, McGuire, V, Sieh, W, Ji, B-T, Zheng, W, Shu, X-O, Gao, Y-T, Rosen, B, Risch, HA, McLaughlin, JR, Narod, SA, Monteiro, AN, Chen, A, Lin, H-Y, Permuth-Wey, J, Sellers, TA, Tsai, Y-Y, Chen, Z, Ziogas, A, Anton-Culver, H, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Menon, U, Harrington, P, Lee, AW, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Coetzee, G, Pike, MC, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Timorek, A, Rzepecka, IK, Kupryjanczyk, J, Freedman, M, Noushmehr, H, Easton, DF, Offit, K, Couch, FJ, Gayther, S, Pharoah, PP, Antoniou, AC, and Chenevix-Trench, G
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 12 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) susceptibility alleles. The pattern of association at these loci is consistent in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers who are at high risk of EOC. After imputation to 1000 Genomes Project data, we assessed associations of 11 million genetic variants with EOC risk from 15,437 cases unselected for family history and 30,845 controls and from 15,252 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 8,211 BRCA2 mutation carriers (3,096 with ovarian cancer), and we combined the results in a meta-analysis. This new study design yielded increased statistical power, leading to the discovery of six new EOC susceptibility loci. Variants at 1p36 (nearest gene, WNT4), 4q26 (SYNPO2), 9q34.2 (ABO) and 17q11.2 (ATAD5) were associated with EOC risk, and at 1p34.3 (RSPO1) and 6p22.1 (GPX6) variants were specifically associated with the serous EOC subtype, all with P < 5 × 10(-8). Incorporating these variants into risk assessment tools will improve clinical risk predictions for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
Published: 2015

15. Genome-wide significant risk associations for mucinous ovarian carcinoma

Author: Kelemen, LE, Lawrenson, K, Tyrer, J, Li, Q, Lee, JM, Seo, J-H, Phelan, CM, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Spindler, TJ, Aben, KKH, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Baker, H, Bandera, EV, Bean, Y, Beckmann, MW, Bisogna, M, Bjorge, L, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bruinsma, F, Butzow, R, Campbell, IG, Carty, K, Chang-Claude, J, Chen, YA, Chen, Z, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Dennis, J, Dicks, E, Doherty, JA, Doerk, T, du Bois, A, Duerst, M, Eccles, D, Easton, DT, Edwards, RP, Eilber, U, Ekici, AB, Engelholm, SA, Fasching, PA, Fridley, BL, Gao, Y-T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Goode, EL, Goodman, MT, Grownwald, J, Harrington, P, Harter, P, Hasmad, HN, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hillemanns, P, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, C, Hosono, S, Iversen, ES, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Ji, B-T, Karlan, BY, Kellar, M, Kelley, JL, Kiemeney, LA, Krakstad, C, Kjaer, SK, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Lele, S, Leminen, A, Lester, J, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lissowska, J, Lu, K, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, I, Menon, U, Modugno, F, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Moysich, KB, Narod, SA, Nedergaard, L, Ness, RB, Nevanlinna, H, Adenan, NAM, Odunsi, K, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Orsulic, S, Weber, RP, Paul, J, Pearce, CL, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Permuth-Wey, J, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Ramus, SJ, Risch, HA, Rosen, B, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schildkraut, JM, Schwaab, I, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Siddiqui, N, Sieh, W, Song, H, Southey, MC, Sucheston, L, Tangen, IL, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Tworoger, SS, van Altena, AM, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Wang-Gohrke, S, Walsh, C, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wicklund, KG, Wilkens, LR, Sawicki, W, Woo, Y-L, Wu, X, Wu, AH, Yang, H, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Sellers, TA, Freedman, ML, Chenevix-Trench, G, Pharoah, PDP, Gayther, SA, Berchuck, A, Kelemen, LE, Lawrenson, K, Tyrer, J, Li, Q, Lee, JM, Seo, J-H, Phelan, CM, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Spindler, TJ, Aben, KKH, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Baker, H, Bandera, EV, Bean, Y, Beckmann, MW, Bisogna, M, Bjorge, L, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bruinsma, F, Butzow, R, Campbell, IG, Carty, K, Chang-Claude, J, Chen, YA, Chen, Z, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Dennis, J, Dicks, E, Doherty, JA, Doerk, T, du Bois, A, Duerst, M, Eccles, D, Easton, DT, Edwards, RP, Eilber, U, Ekici, AB, Engelholm, SA, Fasching, PA, Fridley, BL, Gao, Y-T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Goode, EL, Goodman, MT, Grownwald, J, Harrington, P, Harter, P, Hasmad, HN, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hillemanns, P, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, C, Hosono, S, Iversen, ES, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Ji, B-T, Karlan, BY, Kellar, M, Kelley, JL, Kiemeney, LA, Krakstad, C, Kjaer, SK, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Lele, S, Leminen, A, Lester, J, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lissowska, J, Lu, K, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, I, Menon, U, Modugno, F, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Moysich, KB, Narod, SA, Nedergaard, L, Ness, RB, Nevanlinna, H, Adenan, NAM, Odunsi, K, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Orsulic, S, Weber, RP, Paul, J, Pearce, CL, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Permuth-Wey, J, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Ramus, SJ, Risch, HA, Rosen, B, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schildkraut, JM, Schwaab, I, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Siddiqui, N, Sieh, W, Song, H, Southey, MC, Sucheston, L, Tangen, IL, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Tworoger, SS, van Altena, AM, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Wang-Gohrke, S, Walsh, C, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wicklund, KG, Wilkens, LR, Sawicki, W, Woo, Y-L, Wu, X, Wu, AH, Yang, H, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Sellers, TA, Freedman, ML, Chenevix-Trench, G, Pharoah, PDP, Gayther, SA, and Berchuck, A
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies have identified several risk associations for ovarian carcinomas but not for mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOCs). Our analysis of 1,644 MOC cases and 21,693 controls with imputation identified 3 new risk associations: rs752590 at 2q13 (P = 3.3 × 10(-8)), rs711830 at 2q31.1 (P = 7.5 × 10(-12)) and rs688187 at 19q13.2 (P = 6.8 × 10(-13)). We identified significant expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) associations for HOXD9 at 2q31.1 in ovarian (P = 4.95 × 10(-4), false discovery rate (FDR) = 0.003) and colorectal (P = 0.01, FDR = 0.09) tumors and for PAX8 at 2q13 in colorectal tumors (P = 0.03, FDR = 0.09). Chromosome conformation capture analysis identified interactions between the HOXD9 promoter and risk-associated SNPs at 2q31.1. Overexpressing HOXD9 in MOC cells augmented the neoplastic phenotype. These findings provide the first evidence for MOC susceptibility variants and insights into the underlying biology of the disease.
Published: 2015

16. Cis-eQTL analysis and functional validation of candidate susceptibility genes for high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Author: Lawrenson, K, Li, Q, Kar, S, Seo, J-H, Tyrer, J, Spindler, TJ, Lee, J, Chen, Y, Karst, A, Drapkin, R, Aben, KKH, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Baker, H, Bandera, EV, Bean, Y, Beckmann, MW, Berchuck, A, Bisogna, M, Bjorge, L, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bruinsma, F, Butzow, R, Campbell, IG, Carty, K, Chang-Claude, J, Chenevix-Trench, G, Chen, A, Chen, Z, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Dennis, J, Dicks, E, Doherty, JA, Doerk, T, Du Bois, A, Duerst, M, Eccles, D, Easton, DT, Edwards, RP, Eilber, U, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fridley, BL, Gao, Y-T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Goode, EL, Goodman, MT, Grownwald, J, Harrington, P, Harter, P, Hasmad, HN, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hillemanns, P, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, C, Hosono, S, Iversen, ES, Jakubowska, A, James, P, Jensen, A, Ji, B-T, Karlan, BY, Kjaer, SK, Kelemen, LE, Kellar, M, Kelley, JL, Kiemeney, LA, Krakstad, C, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Lele, S, Leminen, A, Lester, J, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lissowska, J, Lu, K, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, Nevanlinna, H, McNeish, I, Menon, U, Modugno, F, Moysich, KB, Narod, SA, Nedergaard, L, Ness, RB, Azmi, MAN, Odunsi, K, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Orsulic, S, Weber, RP, Pearce, CL, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Permuth-Wey, J, Phelan, CM, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Ramus, SJ, Risch, HA, Rosen, B, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schildkraut, JM, Schwaab, I, Sellers, TA, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Siddiqui, N, Sieh, W, Song, H, Southey, MC, Sucheston, L, Tangen, IL, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Timorek, A, Tsai, Y-Y, Tworoger, SS, Van Altena, AM, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Wang-Gohrke, S, Walsh, C, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wicklund, KG, Wilkens, LR, Woo, Y-L, Wu, X, Wu, AH, Yang, H, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Monteiro, A, Pharoah, PD, Gayther, SA, Freedman, ML, Grp, AOCS, Bowtell, D, Webb, PM, Defazio, A, Lawrenson, K, Li, Q, Kar, S, Seo, J-H, Tyrer, J, Spindler, TJ, Lee, J, Chen, Y, Karst, A, Drapkin, R, Aben, KKH, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Baker, H, Bandera, EV, Bean, Y, Beckmann, MW, Berchuck, A, Bisogna, M, Bjorge, L, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bruinsma, F, Butzow, R, Campbell, IG, Carty, K, Chang-Claude, J, Chenevix-Trench, G, Chen, A, Chen, Z, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Dennis, J, Dicks, E, Doherty, JA, Doerk, T, Du Bois, A, Duerst, M, Eccles, D, Easton, DT, Edwards, RP, Eilber, U, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fridley, BL, Gao, Y-T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Goode, EL, Goodman, MT, Grownwald, J, Harrington, P, Harter, P, Hasmad, HN, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hillemanns, P, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, C, Hosono, S, Iversen, ES, Jakubowska, A, James, P, Jensen, A, Ji, B-T, Karlan, BY, Kjaer, SK, Kelemen, LE, Kellar, M, Kelley, JL, Kiemeney, LA, Krakstad, C, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, AW, Lele, S, Leminen, A, Lester, J, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lissowska, J, Lu, K, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, Nevanlinna, H, McNeish, I, Menon, U, Modugno, F, Moysich, KB, Narod, SA, Nedergaard, L, Ness, RB, Azmi, MAN, Odunsi, K, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Orsulic, S, Weber, RP, Pearce, CL, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Permuth-Wey, J, Phelan, CM, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Ramus, SJ, Risch, HA, Rosen, B, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schildkraut, JM, Schwaab, I, Sellers, TA, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Siddiqui, N, Sieh, W, Song, H, Southey, MC, Sucheston, L, Tangen, IL, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Timorek, A, Tsai, Y-Y, Tworoger, SS, Van Altena, AM, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Wang-Gohrke, S, Walsh, C, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wicklund, KG, Wilkens, LR, Woo, Y-L, Wu, X, Wu, AH, Yang, H, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Monteiro, A, Pharoah, PD, Gayther, SA, Freedman, ML, Grp, AOCS, Bowtell, D, Webb, PM, and Defazio, A
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies have reported 11 regions conferring risk of high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analyses can identify candidate susceptibility genes at risk loci. Here we evaluate cis-eQTL associations at 47 regions associated with HGSOC risk (P≤10(-5)). For three cis-eQTL associations (P<1.4 × 10(-3), FDR<0.05) at 1p36 (CDC42), 1p34 (CDCA8) and 2q31 (HOXD9), we evaluate the functional role of each candidate by perturbing expression of each gene in HGSOC precursor cells. Overexpression of HOXD9 increases anchorage-independent growth, shortens population-doubling time and reduces contact inhibition. Chromosome conformation capture identifies an interaction between rs2857532 and the HOXD9 promoter, suggesting this SNP is a leading causal variant. Transcriptomic profiling after HOXD9 overexpression reveals enrichment of HGSOC risk variants within HOXD9 target genes (P=6 × 10(-10) for risk variants (P<10(-4)) within 10 kb of a HOXD9 target gene in ovarian cells), suggesting a broader role for this network in genetic susceptibility to HGSOC.
Published: 2015

17. Mutations in BRIP1 confer high risk of ovarian cancer

Author: Rafnar T, Gudbjartsson DF, Sulem P, Jonasdottir A, Sigurdsson A, Besenbacher S, Lundin P, Stacey SN, Gudmundsson J, Magnusson OT, le Roux L, Orlygsdottir G, Helgadottir H, Johannsdottir H, Gylfason A, Tryggvadottir L, Jonasson JG, De Juan A, Ortega E, Ramon-Cajal JM, Garcxeda-Prats MD, Mayordomo C, Panadero A, Rivera F, Aben KKH, van Altena AM, Massuger LFAG, Aavikko M, Kujala PM, Staff S, Aaltonen LA, Olafsdottir K, Bjornsson J, Kong A, Salvarsdottir A, Saemundsson H, Olafsson K, and Benediktsdott
Published: 2011

18. Common variants at 19p13 are associated with susceptibility to ovarian cancer

Author: Bolton, KL, Tyrer, J, Song, H, Ramus, SJ, Notaridou, M, Jones, C, Sher, T, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Wozniak, E, Tsai, YY, Weidhaas, J, Paik, D, Van Den Berg, DJ, Stram, DO, Pearce, CL, Wu, AH, Brewster, W, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Narod, SA, Levine, DA, Kaye, SB, Brown, R, Paul, J, Flanagan, J, Sieh, W, McGuire, V, Whittemore, AS, Campbell, I, Gore, ME, Lissowska, J, Yang, HP, Medrek, K, Gronwald, J, Lubinski, J, Jakubowska, A, Le, ND, Cook, LS, Kelemen, LE, Brook-Wilson, A, Massuger, LFAG, Kiemeney, LA, Aben, KKH, Van Altena, AM, Houlston, R, Tomlinson, I, Palmieri, RT, Moorman, PG, Schildkraut, J, Iversen, ES, Phelan, C, Vierkant, RA, Cunningham, JM, Goode, EL, Fridley, BL, Kruger-Kjaer, S, Blaeker, J, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, C, Gross, J, Karlan, BY, Ness, RB, Edwards, RP, Odunsi, K, Moyisch, KB, Baker, JA, Modugno, F, Heikkinenen, T, Butzow, R, Nevanlinna, H, Leminen, A, Bogdanova, N, Antonenkova, N, Doerk, T, Hillemanns, P, Dürst, M, Runnebaum, I, Thompson, PJ, Carney, ME, Goodman, MT, Lurie, G, Wang-Gohrke, S, Hein, R, Chang-Claude, J, Rossing, MA, Cushing-Haugen, KL, Doherty, J, Chen, C, Rafnar, T, Besenbacher, S, Sulem, P, Stefansson, K, Birrer, MJ, Terry, KL, Hernandez, D, Cramer, DW, and Vergote, I
Subjects: endocrine system diseases, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications
Abstract: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy in the developed world, accounting for 4% of the deaths from cancer in women. We performed a three-phase genome-wide association study of EOC survival in 8,951 individuals with EOC (cases) with available survival time data and a parallel association analysis of EOC susceptibility. Two SNPs at 19p13.11, rs8170 and rs2363956, showed evidence of association with survival (overall P = 5×10-4and P = 6×10-4, respectively), but they did not replicate in phase 3. However, the same two SNPs demonstrated genome-wide significance for risk of serous EOC (P = 3×10-9and P = 4×10-11, respectively). Expression analysis of candidate genes at this locus in ovarian tumors supported a role for the BRCA1-interacting gene C19orf62, also known as MERIT40, which contains rs8170, in EOC development. © 2010 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published: 2010

19. Genome-wide association study of subtype-specific epithelial ovarian cancer risk alleles using pooled DNA

Author: Earp, MA, Kelemen, LE, Magliocco, AM, Swenerton, KD, Chenevix-Trench, G, Lu, Y, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Fasching, PA, Lambrechts, D, Despierre, E, Vergote, I, Lambrechts, S, Doherty, JA, Rossing, MA, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Friel, G, Moysich, KB, Odunsi, K, Sucheston-Campbell, L, Lurie, G, Goodman, MT, Carney, ME, Thompson, PJ, Runnebaum, IB, Duerst, M, Hillemanns, P, Doerk, T, Antonenkova, N, Bogdanova, N, Leminen, A, Nevanlinna, H, Pelttari, LM, Butzow, R, Bunker, CH, Modugno, F, Edwards, RP, Ness, RB, du Bois, A, Heitz, F, Schwaab, I, Harter, P, Karlan, BY, Walsh, C, Lester, J, Jensen, A, Kjaer, SK, Hogdall, CK, Hogdall, E, Lundvall, L, Sellers, TA, Fridley, BL, Goode, EL, Cunningham, JM, Vierkant, RA, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, Severi, G, Southey, MC, Liang, D, Wu, X, Lu, K, Hildebrandt, MAT, Levine, DA, Bisogna, M, Schildkraut, JM, Iversen, ES, Weber, RP, Berchuck, A, Cramer, DW, Terry, KL, Poole, EM, Tworoger, SS, Bandera, EV, Chandran, U, Orlow, I, Olson, SH, Wik, E, Salvesen, HB, Bjorge, L, Halle, MK, van Altena, AM, Aben, KKH, Kiemeney, LA, Massuger, LFAG, Pejovic, T, Bean, YT, Cybulski, C, Gronwald, J, Lubinski, J, Wentzensen, N, Brinton, LA, Lissowska, J, Garcia-Closas, M, Dicks, E, Dennis, J, Easton, DF, Song, H, Tyrer, JP, Pharoah, PDP, Eccles, D, Campbell, IG, Whittemore, AS, McGuire, V, Sieh, W, Rothstein, JH, Flanagan, JM, Paul, J, Brown, R, Phelan, CM, Risch, HA, McLaughlin, JR, Narod, SA, Ziogas, A, Anton-Culver, H, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Menon, U, Gayther, SA, Ramus, SJ, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Pike, MC, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Rzepecka, IK, Szafron, LM, Kupryjanczyk, J, Cook, LS, Le, ND, Brooks-Wilson, A, Earp, MA, Kelemen, LE, Magliocco, AM, Swenerton, KD, Chenevix-Trench, G, Lu, Y, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Fasching, PA, Lambrechts, D, Despierre, E, Vergote, I, Lambrechts, S, Doherty, JA, Rossing, MA, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Friel, G, Moysich, KB, Odunsi, K, Sucheston-Campbell, L, Lurie, G, Goodman, MT, Carney, ME, Thompson, PJ, Runnebaum, IB, Duerst, M, Hillemanns, P, Doerk, T, Antonenkova, N, Bogdanova, N, Leminen, A, Nevanlinna, H, Pelttari, LM, Butzow, R, Bunker, CH, Modugno, F, Edwards, RP, Ness, RB, du Bois, A, Heitz, F, Schwaab, I, Harter, P, Karlan, BY, Walsh, C, Lester, J, Jensen, A, Kjaer, SK, Hogdall, CK, Hogdall, E, Lundvall, L, Sellers, TA, Fridley, BL, Goode, EL, Cunningham, JM, Vierkant, RA, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, Severi, G, Southey, MC, Liang, D, Wu, X, Lu, K, Hildebrandt, MAT, Levine, DA, Bisogna, M, Schildkraut, JM, Iversen, ES, Weber, RP, Berchuck, A, Cramer, DW, Terry, KL, Poole, EM, Tworoger, SS, Bandera, EV, Chandran, U, Orlow, I, Olson, SH, Wik, E, Salvesen, HB, Bjorge, L, Halle, MK, van Altena, AM, Aben, KKH, Kiemeney, LA, Massuger, LFAG, Pejovic, T, Bean, YT, Cybulski, C, Gronwald, J, Lubinski, J, Wentzensen, N, Brinton, LA, Lissowska, J, Garcia-Closas, M, Dicks, E, Dennis, J, Easton, DF, Song, H, Tyrer, JP, Pharoah, PDP, Eccles, D, Campbell, IG, Whittemore, AS, McGuire, V, Sieh, W, Rothstein, JH, Flanagan, JM, Paul, J, Brown, R, Phelan, CM, Risch, HA, McLaughlin, JR, Narod, SA, Ziogas, A, Anton-Culver, H, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Menon, U, Gayther, SA, Ramus, SJ, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Pike, MC, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Rzepecka, IK, Szafron, LM, Kupryjanczyk, J, Cook, LS, Le, ND, and Brooks-Wilson, A
Abstract: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a heterogeneous cancer with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Variants influencing the risk of developing the less-common EOC subtypes have not been fully investigated. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of EOC according to subtype by pooling genomic DNA from 545 cases and 398 controls of European descent, and testing for allelic associations. We evaluated for replication 188 variants from the GWAS [56 variants for mucinous, 55 for endometrioid and clear cell, 53 for low-malignant potential (LMP) serous, and 24 for invasive serous EOC], selected using pre-defined criteria. Genotypes from 13,188 cases and 23,164 controls of European descent were used to perform unconditional logistic regression under the log-additive genetic model; odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals are reported. Nine variants tagging six loci were associated with subtype-specific EOC risk at P < 0.05, and had an OR that agreed in direction of effect with the GWAS results. Several of these variants are in or near genes with a biological rationale for conferring EOC risk, including ZFP36L1 and RAD51B for mucinous EOC (rs17106154, OR = 1.17, P = 0.029, n = 1,483 cases), GRB10 for endometrioid and clear cell EOC (rs2190503, P = 0.014, n = 2,903 cases), and C22orf26/BPIL2 for LMP serous EOC (rs9609538, OR = 0.86, P = 0.0043, n = 892 cases). In analyses that included the 75 GWAS samples, the association between rs9609538 (OR = 0.84, P = 0.0007) and LMP serous EOC risk remained statistically significant at P < 0.0012 adjusted for multiple testing. Replication in additional samples will be important to verify these results for the less-common EOC subtypes.
Published: 2014

20. Identification and molecular characterization of a new ovarian cancer susceptibility locus at 17q21.31

Author: Permuth-Wey, J, Lawrenson, K, Shen, HC, Velkova, A, Tyrer, JP, Chen, Z, Lin, H-Y, Chen, YA, Tsai, Y-Y, Qu, X, Ramus, SJ, Karevan, R, Lee, J, Lee, N, Larson, MC, Aben, KK, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Antoniou, AC, Armasu, SM, Bacot, F, Baglietto, L, Bandera, EV, Barnholtz-Sloan, J, Beckmann, MW, Birrer, MJ, Bloom, G, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Brown, R, Butzow, R, Cai, Q, Campbell, I, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, S, Chenevix-Trench, G, Cheng, JQ, Cicek, MS, Coetzee, GA, Cook, LS, Couch, FJ, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Despierre, E, Doherty, JA, Doerk, T, du Bois, A, Duerst, M, Easton, DF, Eccles, D, Edwards, R, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fenstermacher, DA, Flanagan, JM, Garcia-Closas, M, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, RM, Gonzalez-Bosquet, J, Goodman, MT, Gore, M, Gorski, B, Gronwald, J, Hall, P, Halle, MK, Harter, P, Heitz, F, Hillemanns, P, Hoatlin, M, Hogdall, CK, Hogdall, E, Hosono, S, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Jim, H, Kalli, KR, Karlan, BY, Kaye, SB, Kelemen, LE, Kiemeney, LA, Kikkawa, F, Konecny, GE, Krakstad, C, Kjaer, SK, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Lancaster, JM, Le, ND, Leminen, A, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lim, BK, Lin, J, Lissowska, J, Lu, KH, Lubinski, J, Lurie, G, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, Menon, U, Modugno, F, Moysich, KB, Nakanishi, T, Narod, SA, Nedergaard, L, Ness, RB, Nevanlinna, H, Nickels, S, Noushmehr, H, Odunsi, K, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Paul, J, Pearce, CL, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Raska, P, Renner, SP, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, L, Rossing, MA, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schwaab, I, Severi, G, Shridhar, V, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Sieh, W, Song, H, Southey, MC, Spiewankiewicz, B, Stram, D, Sutphen, R, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Tessier, DC, Thompson, PJ, Tworoger, SS, van Altena, AM, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Vincent, D, Vitonis, AF, Wang-Gohrke, S, Weber, RP, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wik, E, Wilkens, LR, Winterhoff, B, Woo, YL, Wu, AH, Xiang, Y-B, Yang, HP, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zulkifli, F, Phelan, CM, Iversen, E, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Fridley, BL, Goode, EL, Pharoah, PDP, Monteiro, ANA, Sellers, TA, Gayther, SA, Permuth-Wey, J, Lawrenson, K, Shen, HC, Velkova, A, Tyrer, JP, Chen, Z, Lin, H-Y, Chen, YA, Tsai, Y-Y, Qu, X, Ramus, SJ, Karevan, R, Lee, J, Lee, N, Larson, MC, Aben, KK, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Antoniou, AC, Armasu, SM, Bacot, F, Baglietto, L, Bandera, EV, Barnholtz-Sloan, J, Beckmann, MW, Birrer, MJ, Bloom, G, Bogdanova, N, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Brown, R, Butzow, R, Cai, Q, Campbell, I, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, S, Chenevix-Trench, G, Cheng, JQ, Cicek, MS, Coetzee, GA, Cook, LS, Couch, FJ, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Despierre, E, Doherty, JA, Doerk, T, du Bois, A, Duerst, M, Easton, DF, Eccles, D, Edwards, R, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fenstermacher, DA, Flanagan, JM, Garcia-Closas, M, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, GG, Glasspool, RM, Gonzalez-Bosquet, J, Goodman, MT, Gore, M, Gorski, B, Gronwald, J, Hall, P, Halle, MK, Harter, P, Heitz, F, Hillemanns, P, Hoatlin, M, Hogdall, CK, Hogdall, E, Hosono, S, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Jim, H, Kalli, KR, Karlan, BY, Kaye, SB, Kelemen, LE, Kiemeney, LA, Kikkawa, F, Konecny, GE, Krakstad, C, Kjaer, SK, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Lancaster, JM, Le, ND, Leminen, A, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Lim, BK, Lin, J, Lissowska, J, Lu, KH, Lubinski, J, Lurie, G, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, Menon, U, Modugno, F, Moysich, KB, Nakanishi, T, Narod, SA, Nedergaard, L, Ness, RB, Nevanlinna, H, Nickels, S, Noushmehr, H, Odunsi, K, Olson, SH, Orlow, I, Paul, J, Pearce, CL, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Raska, P, Renner, SP, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, L, Rossing, MA, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schwaab, I, Severi, G, Shridhar, V, Shu, X-O, Shvetsov, YB, Sieh, W, Song, H, Southey, MC, Spiewankiewicz, B, Stram, D, Sutphen, R, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Tessier, DC, Thompson, PJ, Tworoger, SS, van Altena, AM, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Vincent, D, Vitonis, AF, Wang-Gohrke, S, Weber, RP, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wik, E, Wilkens, LR, Winterhoff, B, Woo, YL, Wu, AH, Xiang, Y-B, Yang, HP, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zulkifli, F, Phelan, CM, Iversen, E, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Fridley, BL, Goode, EL, Pharoah, PDP, Monteiro, ANA, Sellers, TA, and Gayther, SA
Abstract: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has a heritable component that remains to be fully characterized. Most identified common susceptibility variants lie in non-protein-coding sequences. We hypothesized that variants in the 3' untranslated region at putative microRNA (miRNA)-binding sites represent functional targets that influence EOC susceptibility. Here, we evaluate the association between 767 miRNA-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (miRSNPs) and EOC risk in 18,174 EOC cases and 26,134 controls from 43 studies genotyped through the Collaborative Oncological Gene-environment Study. We identify several miRSNPs associated with invasive serous EOC risk (odds ratio=1.12, P=10(-8)) mapping to an inversion polymorphism at 17q21.31. Additional genotyping of non-miRSNPs at 17q21.31 reveals stronger signals outside the inversion (P=10(-10)). Variation at 17q21.31 is associated with neurological diseases, and our collaboration is the first to report an association with EOC susceptibility. An integrated molecular analysis in this region provides evidence for ARHGAP27 and PLEKHM1 as candidate EOC susceptibility genes.
Published: 2013

21. GWAS meta-analysis and replication identifies three new susceptibility loci for ovarian cancer

Author: Pharoah, PDP, Tsai, Y-Y, Ramus, SJ, Phelan, CM, Goode, EL, Lawrenson, K, Buckley, M, Fridley, BL, Tyrer, JP, Shen, H, Weber, R, Karevan, R, Larson, MC, Song, H, Tessier, DC, Bacot, F, Vincent, D, Cunningham, JM, Dennis, J, Dicks, E, Aben, KK, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Armasu, SM, Baglietto, L, Bandera, EV, Beckmann, MW, Birrer, MJ, Bloom, G, Bogdanova, N, Brenton, JD, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Brown, R, Butzow, R, Campbell, I, Carney, ME, Carvalho, RS, Chang-Claude, J, Chen, YA, Chen, Z, Chow, W-H, Cicek, MS, Coetzee, G, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Despierre, E, Doherty, JA, Doerk, T, du Bois, A, Duerst, M, Eccles, D, Edwards, R, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fenstermacher, D, Flanagan, J, Gao, Y-T, Garcia-Closas, M, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, G, Gjyshi, A, Gore, M, Gronwald, J, Guo, Q, Halle, MK, Harter, P, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hillemanns, P, Hoatlin, M, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, CK, Hosono, S, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Kalli, KR, Karlan, BY, Kelemen, LE, Kiemeney, LA, Kjaer, SK, Konecny, GE, Krakstad, C, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, N, Lee, J, Leminen, A, Lim, BK, Lissowska, J, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Lurie, G, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, Menon, U, Modugno, F, Moysich, KB, Nakanishi, T, Narod, SA, Ness, RB, Nevanlinna, H, Nickels, S, Noushmehr, H, Odunsi, K, Olson, S, Orlow, I, Paul, J, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Permuth-Wey, J, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Qu, X, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, L, Rossing, MA, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, I, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schwaab, I, Severi, G, Shridhar, V, Shu, X-O, Sieh, W, Southey, MC, Spellman, P, Tajima, K, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Timorek, A, Tworoger, SS, van Altena, AM, van den Berg, D, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Vitonis, AF, Wang-Gohrke, S, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wik, E, Winterhoff, B, Woo, YL, Wu, AH, Yang, HP, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zulkifli, F, Goodman, MT, Hall, P, Easton, DF, Pearce, CL, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Iversen, E, Monteiro, ANA, Gayther, SA, Schildkraut, JM, Sellers, TA, Pharoah, PDP, Tsai, Y-Y, Ramus, SJ, Phelan, CM, Goode, EL, Lawrenson, K, Buckley, M, Fridley, BL, Tyrer, JP, Shen, H, Weber, R, Karevan, R, Larson, MC, Song, H, Tessier, DC, Bacot, F, Vincent, D, Cunningham, JM, Dennis, J, Dicks, E, Aben, KK, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, Armasu, SM, Baglietto, L, Bandera, EV, Beckmann, MW, Birrer, MJ, Bloom, G, Bogdanova, N, Brenton, JD, Brinton, LA, Brooks-Wilson, A, Brown, R, Butzow, R, Campbell, I, Carney, ME, Carvalho, RS, Chang-Claude, J, Chen, YA, Chen, Z, Chow, W-H, Cicek, MS, Coetzee, G, Cook, LS, Cramer, DW, Cybulski, C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Despierre, E, Doherty, JA, Doerk, T, du Bois, A, Duerst, M, Eccles, D, Edwards, R, Ekici, AB, Fasching, PA, Fenstermacher, D, Flanagan, J, Gao, Y-T, Garcia-Closas, M, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Giles, G, Gjyshi, A, Gore, M, Gronwald, J, Guo, Q, Halle, MK, Harter, P, Hein, A, Heitz, F, Hillemanns, P, Hoatlin, M, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, CK, Hosono, S, Jakubowska, A, Jensen, A, Kalli, KR, Karlan, BY, Kelemen, LE, Kiemeney, LA, Kjaer, SK, Konecny, GE, Krakstad, C, Kupryjanczyk, J, Lambrechts, D, Lambrechts, S, Le, ND, Lee, N, Lee, J, Leminen, A, Lim, BK, Lissowska, J, Lubinski, J, Lundvall, L, Lurie, G, Massuger, LFAG, Matsuo, K, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, JR, Menon, U, Modugno, F, Moysich, KB, Nakanishi, T, Narod, SA, Ness, RB, Nevanlinna, H, Nickels, S, Noushmehr, H, Odunsi, K, Olson, S, Orlow, I, Paul, J, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Permuth-Wey, J, Pike, MC, Poole, EM, Qu, X, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, L, Rossing, MA, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, I, Rzepecka, IK, Salvesen, HB, Schwaab, I, Severi, G, Shridhar, V, Shu, X-O, Sieh, W, Southey, MC, Spellman, P, Tajima, K, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Timorek, A, Tworoger, SS, van Altena, AM, van den Berg, D, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Vitonis, AF, Wang-Gohrke, S, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wik, E, Winterhoff, B, Woo, YL, Wu, AH, Yang, HP, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zulkifli, F, Goodman, MT, Hall, P, Easton, DF, Pearce, CL, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Iversen, E, Monteiro, ANA, Gayther, SA, Schildkraut, JM, and Sellers, TA
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified four susceptibility loci for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), with another two suggestive loci reaching near genome-wide significance. We pooled data from a GWAS conducted in North America with another GWAS from the UK. We selected the top 24,551 SNPs for inclusion on the iCOGS custom genotyping array. We performed follow-up genotyping in 18,174 individuals with EOC (cases) and 26,134 controls from 43 studies from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. We validated the two loci at 3q25 and 17q21 that were previously found to have associations close to genome-wide significance and identified three loci newly associated with risk: two loci associated with all EOC subtypes at 8q21 (rs11782652, P = 5.5 × 10(-9)) and 10p12 (rs1243180, P = 1.8 × 10(-8)) and another locus specific to the serous subtype at 17q12 (rs757210, P = 8.1 × 10(-10)). An integrated molecular analysis of genes and regulatory regions at these loci provided evidence for functional mechanisms underlying susceptibility and implicated CHMP4C in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.
Published: 2013

22. Epigenetic analysis leads to identification of HNF1B as a subtype-specific susceptibility gene for ovarian cancer

Author: Shen, H, Fridley, BL, Song, H, Lawrenson, K, Cunningham, JM, Ramus, SJ, Cicek, MS, Tyrer, J, Stram, D, Larson, MC, Koebel, M, Ziogas, A, Zheng, W, Yang, HP, Wu, AH, Wozniak, EL, Woo, YL, Winterhoff, B, Wik, E, Whittemore, AS, Wentzensen, N, Weber, RP, Vitonis, AF, Vincent, D, Vierkant, RA, Vergote, I, Van Den Berg, D, Van Altena, AM, Tworoger, SS, Thompson, PJ, Tessier, DC, Terry, KL, Teo, S-H, Templeman, C, Stram, DO, Southey, MC, Sieh, W, Siddiqui, N, Shvetsov, YB, Shu, X-O, Shridhar, V, Wang-Gohrke, S, Severi, G, Schwaab, I, Salvesen, HB, Rzepecka, IK, Runnebaum, IB, Rossing, MA, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, L, Risch, HA, Renner, SP, Poole, EM, Pike, MC, Phelan, CM, Pelttari, LM, Pejovic, T, Paul, J, Orlow, I, Omar, SZ, Olson, SH, Odunsi, K, Nickels, S, Nevanlinna, H, Ness, RB, Narod, SA, Nakanishi, T, Moysich, KB, Monteiro, ANA, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Modugno, F, Menon, U, McLaughlin, JR, McGuire, V, Matsuo, K, Adenan, NAM, Massuger, LFAG, Lurie, G, Lundvall, L, Lubinski, J, Lissowska, J, Levine, DA, Leminen, A, Lee, AW, Le, ND, Lambrechts, S, Lambrechts, D, Kupryjanczyk, J, Krakstad, C, Konecny, GE, Kjaer, SK, Kiemeney, LA, Kelemen, LE, Keeney, GL, Karlan, BY, Karevan, R, Kalli, KR, Kajiyama, H, Ji, B-T, Jensen, A, Jakubowska, A, Iversen, E, Hosono, S, Hogdall, CK, Hogdall, E, Hoatlin, M, Hillemanns, P, Heitz, F, Hein, R, Harter, P, Halle, MK, Hall, P, Gronwald, J, Gore, M, Goodman, MT, Giles, GG, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Garcia-Closas, M, Flanagan, JM, Fasching, PA, Ekici, AB, Edwards, R, Eccles, D, Easton, DF, Duerst, M, du Bois, A, Doerk, T, Doherty, JA, Despierre, E, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Cybulski, C, Cramer, DW, Cook, LS, Chen, X, Charbonneau, B, Chang-Claude, J, Campbell, I, Butzow, R, Bunker, CH, Brueggmann, D, Brown, R, Brooks-Wilson, A, Brinton, LA, Bogdanova, N, Block, MS, Benjamin, E, Beesley, J, Beckmann, MW, Bandera, EV, Baglietto, L, Bacot, F, Armasu, SM, Antonenkova, N, Anton-Culver, H, Aben, KK, Liang, D, Wu, X, Lu, K, Hildebrandt, MAT, Schildkraut, JM, Sellers, TA, Huntsman, D, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Gayther, SA, Pharoah, PDP, Laird, PW, Goode, EL, Pearce, CL, Shen, H, Fridley, BL, Song, H, Lawrenson, K, Cunningham, JM, Ramus, SJ, Cicek, MS, Tyrer, J, Stram, D, Larson, MC, Koebel, M, Ziogas, A, Zheng, W, Yang, HP, Wu, AH, Wozniak, EL, Woo, YL, Winterhoff, B, Wik, E, Whittemore, AS, Wentzensen, N, Weber, RP, Vitonis, AF, Vincent, D, Vierkant, RA, Vergote, I, Van Den Berg, D, Van Altena, AM, Tworoger, SS, Thompson, PJ, Tessier, DC, Terry, KL, Teo, S-H, Templeman, C, Stram, DO, Southey, MC, Sieh, W, Siddiqui, N, Shvetsov, YB, Shu, X-O, Shridhar, V, Wang-Gohrke, S, Severi, G, Schwaab, I, Salvesen, HB, Rzepecka, IK, Runnebaum, IB, Rossing, MA, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, L, Risch, HA, Renner, SP, Poole, EM, Pike, MC, Phelan, CM, Pelttari, LM, Pejovic, T, Paul, J, Orlow, I, Omar, SZ, Olson, SH, Odunsi, K, Nickels, S, Nevanlinna, H, Ness, RB, Narod, SA, Nakanishi, T, Moysich, KB, Monteiro, ANA, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Modugno, F, Menon, U, McLaughlin, JR, McGuire, V, Matsuo, K, Adenan, NAM, Massuger, LFAG, Lurie, G, Lundvall, L, Lubinski, J, Lissowska, J, Levine, DA, Leminen, A, Lee, AW, Le, ND, Lambrechts, S, Lambrechts, D, Kupryjanczyk, J, Krakstad, C, Konecny, GE, Kjaer, SK, Kiemeney, LA, Kelemen, LE, Keeney, GL, Karlan, BY, Karevan, R, Kalli, KR, Kajiyama, H, Ji, B-T, Jensen, A, Jakubowska, A, Iversen, E, Hosono, S, Hogdall, CK, Hogdall, E, Hoatlin, M, Hillemanns, P, Heitz, F, Hein, R, Harter, P, Halle, MK, Hall, P, Gronwald, J, Gore, M, Goodman, MT, Giles, GG, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Garcia-Closas, M, Flanagan, JM, Fasching, PA, Ekici, AB, Edwards, R, Eccles, D, Easton, DF, Duerst, M, du Bois, A, Doerk, T, Doherty, JA, Despierre, E, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Cybulski, C, Cramer, DW, Cook, LS, Chen, X, Charbonneau, B, Chang-Claude, J, Campbell, I, Butzow, R, Bunker, CH, Brueggmann, D, Brown, R, Brooks-Wilson, A, Brinton, LA, Bogdanova, N, Block, MS, Benjamin, E, Beesley, J, Beckmann, MW, Bandera, EV, Baglietto, L, Bacot, F, Armasu, SM, Antonenkova, N, Anton-Culver, H, Aben, KK, Liang, D, Wu, X, Lu, K, Hildebrandt, MAT, Schildkraut, JM, Sellers, TA, Huntsman, D, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Gayther, SA, Pharoah, PDP, Laird, PW, Goode, EL, and Pearce, CL
Abstract: HNF1B is overexpressed in clear cell epithelial ovarian cancer, and we observed epigenetic silencing in serous epithelial ovarian cancer, leading us to hypothesize that variation in this gene differentially associates with epithelial ovarian cancer risk according to histological subtype. Here we comprehensively map variation in HNF1B with respect to epithelial ovarian cancer risk and analyse DNA methylation and expression profiles across histological subtypes. Different single-nucleotide polymorphisms associate with invasive serous (rs7405776 odds ratio (OR)=1.13, P=3.1 × 10(-10)) and clear cell (rs11651755 OR=0.77, P=1.6 × 10(-8)) epithelial ovarian cancer. Risk alleles for the serous subtype associate with higher HNF1B-promoter methylation in these tumours. Unmethylated, expressed HNF1B, primarily present in clear cell tumours, coincides with a CpG island methylator phenotype affecting numerous other promoters throughout the genome. Different variants in HNF1B associate with risk of serous and clear cell epithelial ovarian cancer; DNA methylation and expression patterns are also notably distinct between these subtypes. These findings underscore distinct mechanisms driving different epithelial ovarian cancer histological subtypes.
Published: 2013

23. Polymorphisms in Stromal Genes and Susceptibility to Serous Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Report from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

Author: Minna, JD, Amankwah, EK, Wang, Q, Schildkraut, JM, Tsai, Y-Y, Ramus, SJ, Fridley, BL, Beesley, J, Johnatty, SE, Webb, PM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Dale, LC, Lambrechts, D, Amant, F, Despierre, E, Vergote, I, Gayther, SA, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Menon, U, Chang-Claude, J, Wang-Gohrke, S, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Doerk, T, Duerst, M, Antonenkova, N, Bogdanova, N, Brown, R, Flanagan, JM, Kaye, SB, Paul, J, Butzow, R, Nevanlinna, H, Campbell, I, Eccles, DM, Karlan, BY, Gross, J, Walsh, C, Pharoah, PDP, Song, H, Kjaer, SK, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, C, Lundvall, L, Nedergaard, L, Kiemeney, LALM, Massuger, LFAG, van Altena, AM, Vermeulen, SHHM, Le, ND, Brooks-Wilson, A, Cook, LS, Phelan, CM, Cunningham, JM, Vachon, CM, Vierkant, RA, Iversen, ES, Berchuck, A, Goode, EL, Sellers, TA, Kelemen, LE, Minna, JD, Amankwah, EK, Wang, Q, Schildkraut, JM, Tsai, Y-Y, Ramus, SJ, Fridley, BL, Beesley, J, Johnatty, SE, Webb, PM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Dale, LC, Lambrechts, D, Amant, F, Despierre, E, Vergote, I, Gayther, SA, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Menon, U, Chang-Claude, J, Wang-Gohrke, S, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Doerk, T, Duerst, M, Antonenkova, N, Bogdanova, N, Brown, R, Flanagan, JM, Kaye, SB, Paul, J, Butzow, R, Nevanlinna, H, Campbell, I, Eccles, DM, Karlan, BY, Gross, J, Walsh, C, Pharoah, PDP, Song, H, Kjaer, SK, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, C, Lundvall, L, Nedergaard, L, Kiemeney, LALM, Massuger, LFAG, van Altena, AM, Vermeulen, SHHM, Le, ND, Brooks-Wilson, A, Cook, LS, Phelan, CM, Cunningham, JM, Vachon, CM, Vierkant, RA, Iversen, ES, Berchuck, A, Goode, EL, Sellers, TA, and Kelemen, LE
Abstract: Alterations in stromal tissue components can inhibit or promote epithelial tumorigenesis. Decorin (DCN) and lumican (LUM) show reduced stromal expression in serous epithelial ovarian cancer (sEOC). We hypothesized that common variants in these genes associate with risk. Associations with sEOC among Caucasians were estimated with odds ratios (OR) among 397 cases and 920 controls in two U.S.-based studies (discovery set), 436 cases and 1,098 controls in Australia (replication set 1) and a consortium of 15 studies comprising 1,668 cases and 4,249 controls (replication set 2). The discovery set and replication set 1 (833 cases and 2,013 controls) showed statistically homogeneous (P(heterogeneity)≥0.48) decreased risks of sEOC at four variants: DCN rs3138165, rs13312816 and rs516115, and LUM rs17018765 (OR = 0.6 to 0.9; P(trend) = 0.001 to 0.03). Results from replication set 2 were statistically homogeneous (P(heterogeneity)≥0.13) and associated with increased risks at DCN rs3138165 and rs13312816, and LUM rs17018765: all ORs = 1.2; P(trend)≤0.02. The ORs at the four variants were statistically heterogeneous across all 18 studies (P(heterogeneity)≤0.03), which precluded combining. In post-hoc analyses, interactions were observed between each variant and recruitment period (P(interaction)≤0.003), age at diagnosis (P(interaction) = 0.04), and year of diagnosis (P(interaction) = 0.05) in the five studies with available information (1,044 cases, 2,469 controls). We conclude that variants in DCN and LUM are not directly associated with sEOC, and that confirmation of possible effect modification of the variants by non-genetic factors is required.
Published: 2011

24. Cancer antigen 125 level after a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy: what is the contribution of the ovary to the cancer antigen 125 level?

Author: van Altena AM, Holtsema H, Hendriks JC, Massuger LF, and de Hullu JA
Published: 2011
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25. Identification of 12 new susceptibility loci for different histotypes of epithelial ovarian cancer

Author: Phelan, CM, Kuchenbaecker, KB, Tyrer, JP, Kar, SP, Lawrenson, K, Winham, SJ, Dennis, J, Pirie, A, Riggan, MJ, Chornokur, G, Earp, MA, Lyra, PC, Lee, JM, Coetzee, S, Beesley, J, McGuffog, L, Soucy, P, Dicks, E, Lee, A, Barrowdale, D, Lecarpentier, J, Leslie, G, Aalfs, CM, Aben, KKH, Adams, M, Adlard, J, Andrulis, IL, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, N, AOCS Study Group, Aravantinos, G, Arnold, N, Arun, BK, Arver, B, Azzollini, J, Balmaña, J, Banerjee, SN, Barjhoux, L, Barkardottir, RB, Bean, Y, Beckmann, MW, Beeghly-Fadiel, A, Benitez, J, Bermisheva, M, Bernardini, MQ, Birrer, MJ, Bjorge, L, Black, A, Blankstein, K, Blok, MJ, Bodelon, C, Bogdanova, N, Bojesen, A, Bonanni, B, Borg, Å, Bradbury, AR, Brenton, JD, Brewer, C, Brinton, L, Broberg, P, Brooks-Wilson, A, Bruinsma, F, Brunet, J, Buecher, B, Butzow, R, Buys, SS, Caldes, T, Caligo, MA, Campbell, I, Cannioto, R, Carney, ME, Cescon, T, Chan, SB, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, S, Chen, XQ, Chiew, Y-E, Chiquette, J, Chung, WK, Claes, KBM, Conner, T, Cook, LS, Cook, J, Cramer, DW, Cunningham, JM, D'Aloisio, AA, Daly, MB, Damiola, F, Damirovna, SD, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Dao, F, Davidson, R, DeFazio, A, Delnatte, C, Doheny, KF, Diez, O, Ding, YC, Doherty, JA, Domchek, SM, Dorfling, CM, Dörk, T, Dossus, L, Duran, M, Dürst, M, Dworniczak, B, Eccles, D, Edwards, T, Eeles, R, Eilber, U, Ejlertsen, B, Ekici, AB, Ellis, S, Elvira, M, EMBRACE Study, Eng, KH, Engel, C, Evans, DG, Fasching, PA, Ferguson, S, Ferrer, SF, Flanagan, JM, Fogarty, ZC, Fortner, RT, Fostira, F, Foulkes, WD, Fountzilas, G, Fridley, BL, Friebel, TM, Friedman, E, Frost, D, Ganz, PA, Garber, J, García, MJ, Garcia-Barberan, V, Gehrig, A, GEMO Study Collaborators, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Gerdes, A-M, Giles, GG, Glasspool, R, Glendon, G, Godwin, AK, Goldgar, DE, Goranova, T, Gore, M, Greene, MH, Gronwald, J, Gruber, S, Hahnen, E, Haiman, CA, Håkansson, N, Hamann, U, Hansen, TVO, Harrington, PA, Harris, HR, Hauke, J, HEBON Study, Hein, A, Henderson, A, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hillemanns, P, Hodgson, S, Høgdall, CK, Høgdall, E, Hogervorst, FBL, Holland, H, Hooning, MJ, Hosking, K, Huang, R-Y, Hulick, PJ, Hung, J, Hunter, DJ, Huntsman, DG, Huzarski, T, Imyanitov, EN, Isaacs, C, Iversen, ES, Izatt, L, Izquierdo, A, Jakubowska, A, James, P, Janavicius, R, Jernetz, M, Jensen, A, Jensen, UB, John, EM, Johnatty, S, Jones, ME, Kannisto, P, Karlan, BY, Karnezis, A, Kast, K, KConFab Investigators, Kennedy, CJ, Khusnutdinova, E, Kiemeney, LA, Kiiski, JI, Kim, S-W, Kjaer, SK, Köbel, M, Kopperud, RK, Kruse, TA, Kupryjanczyk, J, Kwong, A, Laitman, Y, Lambrechts, D, Larrañaga, N, Larson, MC, Lazaro, C, Le, ND, Le Marchand, L, Lee, JW, Lele, SB, Leminen, A, Leroux, D, Lester, J, Lesueur, F, Levine, DA, Liang, D, Liebrich, C, Lilyquist, J, Lipworth, L, Lissowska, J, Lu, KH, Lubinński, J, Luccarini, C, Lundvall, L, Mai, PL, Mendoza-Fandiño, G, Manoukian, S, Massuger, LFAG, May, T, Mazoyer, S, McAlpine, JN, McGuire, V, McLaughlin, McNeish, I, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Meindl, A, Menon, U, Mensenkamp, AR, Merritt, MA, Milne, RL, Mitchell, G, Modugno, F, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Moffitt, M, Montagna, M, Moysich, KB, Mulligan, AM, Musinsky, J, Nathanson, KL, Nedergaard, L, Ness, RB, Neuhausen, SL, Nevanlinna, H, Niederacher, D, Nussbaum, RL, Odunsi, K, Olah, E, Olopade, OI, Olsson, H, Olswold, C, O'Malley, DM, Ong, K-R, Onland-Moret, NC, OPAL Study Group, Orr, N, Orsulic, S, Osorio, A, Palli, D, Papi, L, Park-Simon, T-W, Paul, J, Pearce, CL, Pedersen, IS, Peeters, PHM, Peissel, B, Peixoto, A, Pejovic, T, Pelttari, LM, Permuth, JB, Peterlongo, P, Pezzani, L, Pfeiler, G, Phillips, K-A, Piedmonte, M, Pike, MC, Piskorz, AM, Poblete, Pocza, T, Poole, EM, Poppe, B, Porteous, ME, Prieur, F, Prokofyeva, D, Pugh, E, Pujana, MA, Pujol, P, Radice, P, Rantala, J, Rappaport-Fuerhauser, C, Rennert, G, Rhiem, K, Rice, P, Richardson, A, Robson, M, Rodriguez, GC, Rodríguez-Antona, C, Romm, J, Rookus, MA, Rossing, MA, Rothstein, JH, Rudolph, A, Runnebaum, IB, Salvesen, HB, Sandler, DP, Schoemaker, MJ, Senter, L, Setiawan, VW, Severi, G, Sharma, P, Shelford, T, Siddiqui, N, Side, LE, Sieh, W, Singer, CF, Sobol, H, Song, H, Southey, MC, Spurdle, AB, Stadler, Z, Steinemann, D, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Sucheston-Campbell, LE, Sukiennicki, G, Sutphen, R, Sutter, C, Swerdlow, AJ, Szabo, CI, Szafron, L, Tan, YY, Taylor, JA, Tea, M-K, Teixeira, MR, Teo, S-H, Terry, KL, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, LCV, Thull, DL, Tihomirova, L, Tinker, AV, Tischkowitz, M, Tognazzo, S, Toland, AE, Tone, A, Trabert, B, Travis, RC, Trichopoulou, A, Tung, N, Tworoger, SS, Van Altena, AM, Van Den Berg, D, Van Der Hout, AH, Van Der Luijt, RB, Van Heetvelde, M, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Van Rensburg, EJ, Vanderstichele, A, Varon-Mateeva, R, Vega, A, Edwards, DV, Vergote, I, Vierkant, RA, Vijai, J, Vratimos, A, Walker, L, Walsh, C, Wand, D, Wang-Gohrke, S, Wappenschmidt, B, Webb, PM, Weinberg, CR, Weitzel, JN, Wentzensen, N, Whittemore, AS, Wijnen, JT, Wilkens, LR, Wolk, A, Woo, M, Wu, X, Wu, AH, Yang, H, Yannoukakos, D, Ziogas, A, Zorn, KK, Narod, SA, Easton, DF, Amos, CI, Schildkraut, JM, Ramus, SJ, Ottini, L, Goodman, MT, Park, SK, Kelemen, LE, Risch, HA, Thomassen, M, Offit, K, Simard, J, Schmutzler, RK, Hazelett, D, Monteiro, AN, Couch, FJ, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Goode, EL, Sellers, TA, Gayther, SA, Antoniou, AC, and Pharoah, PDP
Subjects: ovarian cancer, endocrine system diseases, genome-wide association studies, epidemiology, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, 3. Good health
Abstract: To identify common alleles associated with different histotypes of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), we pooled data from multiple genome-wide genotyping projects totaling 25,509 EOC cases and 40,941 controls. We identified nine new susceptibility loci for different EOC histotypes: six for serous EOC histotypes (3q28, 4q32.3, 8q21.11, 10q24.33, 18q11.2 and 22q12.1), two for mucinous EOC (3q22.3 and 9q31.1) and one for endometrioid EOC (5q12.3). We then performed meta-analysis on the results for high-grade serous ovarian cancer with the results from analysis of 31,448 $\textit{BRCA1}$ and $\textit{BRCA2}$ mutation carriers, including 3,887 mutation carriers with EOC. This identified three additional susceptibility loci at 2q13, 8q24.1 and 12q24.31. Integrated analyses of genes and regulatory biofeatures at each locus predicted candidate susceptibility genes, including OBFC1, a new candidate susceptibility gene for low-grade and borderline serous EOC.

26. Cervicovaginal specimen biomarkers for early detection of ovarian and endometrial cancer: A review.

Author: Kwinten KJJ, Lemain VA, de Hullu JA, Leenders WPJ, Steenbeek MP, van Altena AM, and Pijnenborg JMA
Subjects: Humans, Female, Vagina metabolism, Vagina microbiology, Cervix Uteri metabolism, Cervix Uteri pathology, Proteomics methods, Endometrial Neoplasms diagnosis, Endometrial Neoplasms genetics, Endometrial Neoplasms metabolism, DNA Methylation, Early Detection of Cancer methods, Ovarian Neoplasms diagnosis, Ovarian Neoplasms genetics, Biomarkers, Tumor genetics
Abstract: Background: In the last decade, technical innovations have resulted in the development of several minimally invasive diagnostic cancer tools. Within women at high risk of developing ovarian or endometrial cancer (EC) due to hereditary cancer syndrome, there is an urgent need for minimally invasive and patient-friendly methods to detect ovarian cancer and EC at an early stage., Materials and Methods: We performed a systematic search of studies using DNA methylation or mutation analysis, microbiome, or proteomics performed on cervicovaginal specimens (smear, swab, or tampon) intended to detect ovarian and EC published until January 2024., Results: Included studies (n = 36) showed high heterogeneity in terms of biomarkers used and outcomes, and only a few studies reported on the detection of biomarkers in high-risk subgroups., Conclusion: Based on the findings in this review, DNA methylation techniques seem to be the most promising for detecting ovarian and EC at early stages in the general population. Future validation of cervicovaginal DNA methylation techniques is needed to determine whether this technique might be beneficial in hereditary high-risk subgroups., (© 2024 The Author(s). Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2024
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27. Development and Internal Validation of Nomograms for Survival of Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Based on Established Prognostic Factors and Hematologic Parameters.

Author: Said SA, IntHout J, den Ouden JE, Walraven JEW, van der Aa MA, de Hullu JA, and van Altena AM
Abstract: Objective: To assess the association between pretreatment thrombocytosis, anemia, and leukocytosis and overall survival (OS) of advanced-stage EOC. Furthermore, to develop nomograms using established prognostic factors and pretreatment hematologic parameters to predict the OS of advanced EOC patients. Methods : Advanced-stage EOC patients treated between January 1996 and January 2010 in eastern Netherlands were included. Survival outcomes were compared between patients with and without pretreatment thrombocytosis (≥450,000 platelets/µL), anemia (hemoglobin level of <7.5 mmol/L), or leukocytosis (≥11.0 × 10 9 leukocytes/L). Three nomograms (for ≤3-, ≥5-, and ≥10-year OS) were developed. Candidate predictors were fitted into multivariable logistic regression models. Multiple imputation was conducted. Model performance was assessed on calibration, discrimination, and Brier scores. Bootstrap validation was used to correct for model optimism. Results : A total of 773 advanced-stage (i.e., FIGO stages IIB-IV) EOC patients were included. The median [interquartile range, IQR] OS was 2.3 [1.3-4.2] and 3.0 [1.4-7.0] years for patients with and without pretreatment thrombocytosis ( p < 0.01). The median OS was not notably different for patients with and without pretreatment leukocytosis ( p = 0.58) or patients with and without pretreatment anemia ( p = 0.07). The final nomograms comprised established predictors with either pretreatment leukocyte or platelet count. The ≥5- and ≥10-year OS models demonstrated good calibration and adequate discrimination with optimism-corrected c -indices [95%-CI] of 0.76 [0.72-0.80] and 0.78 [0.73-0.83], respectively. The ≤3-year OS model demonstrated suboptimal performance with an optimism-corrected c-index of 0.71 [0.66-0.75]. Conclusions : Pretreatment thrombocytosis is associated with poorer EOC survival. Two well-performing models predictive of ≥5-year and ≥10-year OS in advanced-stage EOC were developed and internally validated.
Published: 2024
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28. The Information Technology (IT) Infrastructure of the Multicenter Archipelago of Ovarian Cancer Research Biobank: A Potential Blueprint for Other Biobanks.

Author: Zelisse HS, de Ridder S, van Gent MDJM, Mom CH, Wisman GBA, Roes EM, Reyners AKL, Piek JM, Nieuwenhuyzen-de Boer GM, Lok CAR, de Kroon CD, Kooreman LFS, Janssen MJ, Jansen MP, Horlings HM, Collée M, Broeks A, Boere IA, Bart J, van Altena AM, Heeling M, Stoter IM, Voorham QJ, van de Vijver MJ, Dijk F, and Belien JAM
Abstract: Objective: Biobanks play a crucial role in fundamental and translational research by storing valuable biomaterials and data for future analyses. However, the design of their information technology (IT) infrastructures is often customized to specific requirements, thereby lacking the ability to be used for biobanks comprising other (types of) diseases. This results in substantial costs, time, and efforts for each new biobank project. The Dutch multicenter Archipelago of Ovarian Cancer Research (AOCR) biobank has developed an innovative, reusable IT infrastructure capable of adaptation to various biobanks, thereby enabling cost-effective and efficient implementation and management of biobank IT systems. Methods and Results: The AOCR IT infrastructure incorporates preexisting biobank software, mainly managed by Health-RI. The web-based registration tool Ldot is used for secure storage and pseudonymization of patient data. Clinicopathological data are retrieved from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Dutch nationwide pathology databank (Palga), both established repositories, reducing administrative workload and ensuring high data quality. Metadata of collected biomaterials are stored in the OpenSpecimen system. For digital pathology research, a hematoxylin and eosin-stained slide from each patient's tumor is digitized and uploaded to Slide Score. Furthermore, adhering to the Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) principles, genomic data derived from the AOCR samples are stored in cBioPortal. Conclusion: The IT infrastructure of the AOCR biobank represents a new standard for biobanks, offering flexibility to handle diverse diseases and types of biomaterials. This infrastructure bypasses the need for disease-specific, custom-built software, thereby being cost- and time-effective while ensuring data quality and legislative compliance. The adaptability of this infrastructure highlights its potential to serve as a blueprint for the development of IT infrastructures in both new and existing biobanks.
Published: 2024
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29. Impact of Sepsis on the Oncologic Outcomes of Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Author: Said SA, de Hullu JA, van der Aa MA, Walraven JEW, Bekkers RLM, Slangen BFM, Pickkers P, and van Altena AM
Abstract: Objective: The sepsis-induced inflammatory response may potentially affect malignant cells. Recently, a case of spontaneous regression of a histologically confirmed International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIIC epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) following sepsis was reported. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of sepsis on the oncologic outcomes of advanced-stage EOC patients., Methods: Gynecologic oncologic patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of three oncologic centers between 2006 and 2019 were identified and patients who experienced sepsis following advanced-stage EOC diagnosis were selected. Survival outcomes were compared with advanced-stage EOC patients from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR). To correct for case-mix differences, propensity score matching using 1:3 nearest neighbor matching was conducted after which survival analyses were repeated., Results: A total of 18 of 215 patients with advanced-stage EOC experienced sepsis. Sepsis patients had similar distributions of patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics to 3988 patients from the NCR cohort. A total of 3 of 18 patients died from the complications of sepsis. While the remaining patients initially responded to treatment, 14/15 patients relapsed. The median (IQR) overall survival was 31 (24-44) and 35 (20-60) months for the sepsis and unmatched NCR cohort ( p = 0.56), respectively. The median (IQR) progression-free survival was 16 (11-21) and 16 (11-27) months ( p = 0.90), respectively. Survival outcomes did not differ following propensity matching (overall survival of 31 (24-44) vs. 36 (20-56) months, p = 0.40; progression-free survival of 16 (11-21) and 16 (12-21) months, p = 0.72)., Conclusion: In this observational study, the occurrence of sepsis did not affect the oncologic and survival outcomes of advanced-stage EOC patients.
Published: 2023
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30. Yield of annual endometrial cancer surveillance in women with PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome.

Author: Kwinten KJJ, Drissen MMCM, de Hullu JA, Vos JR, Hoogerbrugge N, and van Altena AM
Subjects: Adult, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Hyperplasia, PTEN Phosphohydrolase genetics, Retrospective Studies, Uterine Hemorrhage, Endometrial Neoplasms genetics, Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple complications, Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple diagnosis, Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple genetics
Abstract: Objective: Expert-opinion based guidelines state that endometrial cancer surveillance (ECS) might be considered for patients with PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (PHTS) based on an elevated lifetime risk of endometrial cancer. We aimed to evaluate the yield of ECS by annual transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and endometrial biopsy (EMB) in PHTS patients., Methods: PHTS patients who visited our PHTS expert center between August 2012 and September 2020 and opted for annual ECS were included. Data on surveillance visits, diagnostics, reports of abnormal uterine bleeding and pathology results were retrospectively gathered and analyzed., Results: Surveillance was initiated in 25 women with a total of 93 gynecological surveillance visits during 76 surveillance years. The median age at first visit was 39 years (range 31-60) with a median follow-up duration of 38 months (range 6-96). Hyperplasia with and without atypia was detected six and three times, respectively, in seven (28%) women. The median age at hyperplasia detection was 40 years (range 31-50). In six asymptomatic women hyperplasia was detected during annual surveillance visits, while in one patient hyperplasia with atypia was detected during an additional visit due to abnormal uterine bleeding. In seven out of nine hyperplasias detected with EMB, TVUS beforehand showed no abnormalities. No (interval) carcinomas occurred., Conclusions: ECS in women with PHTS enables detection of a substantial number of asymptomatic premalignancies, such as hyperplasia with and without atypia, suggesting that ECS may be beneficial with regard to cancer prevention. The addition of EMB to TVUS likely improves the detection of premalignancies., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2023
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31. Clinical parameters affecting survival outcomes in patients with low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma: an international multicentre analysis.

Author: May T, Bernardini M, Lheureux S, Aben KKH, Bandera EV, Beckmann MW, Benitez J, Berchuck A, Bjørge L, Carney ME, Cramer DW, deFazio A, Dörk T, Eccles DM, Friedlander M, García MJ, Goode EL, Hein A, Høgdall CK, Jensen A, Johnatty S, Kennedy CJ, Kiemeney LA, Kjær SK, Kupryjańczyk J, Matsuo K, McGuire V, Modugno F, Paddock LE, Pejovic T, Phelan CM, Riggan MJ, Rodriguez-Antona C, Rothstein JH, Sieh W, Song H, Terry KL, van Altena AM, Vanderstichele A, Vergote I, Thomsen LCV, Webb PM, Wentzensen N, Wilkens LR, Ziogas A, Jiang H, and Tone A
Subjects: Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Neoplasm Staging, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Ovarian Neoplasms surgery, Ovarian Neoplasms drug therapy, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous surgery, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous drug therapy
Abstract: Background: Women with low-grade ovarian serous carcinoma (LGSC) benefit from surgical treatment; however, the role of chemotherapy is controversial. We examined an international database through the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium to identify factors that affect survival in LGSC., Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with LGSC who had had primary surgery and had overall survival data available. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses of progression-free survival and overall survival, and generated Kaplan-Meier survival curves., Results: Of the 707 patients with LGSC, 680 (96.2%) had available overall survival data. The patients' median age overall was 54 years. Of the 659 patients with International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology stage data, 156 (23.7%) had stage I disease, 64 (9.7%) had stage II, 395 (59.9%) had stage III, and 44 (6.7%) had stage IV. Of the 377 patients with surgical data, 200 (53.0%) had no visible residual disease. Of the 361 patients with chemotherapy data, 330 (91.4%) received first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. The median follow-up duration was 5.0 years. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 43.2 months and 110.4 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated a statistically significant impact of stage and residual disease on progression-free survival and overall survival. Platinum-based chemotherapy was not associated with a survival advantage., Conclusion: This multicentre analysis indicates that complete surgical cytoreduction to no visible residual disease has the most impact on improved survival in LGSC. This finding could immediately inform and change practice., Competing Interests: Competing interests: Stephanie Lheureux reports study grants from AstraZeneca, GSK and Roche, consulting fees from AstraZeneca, GSK, Roche, Novartis, Merck, Eisai Co. and Shattuck Labs, and speaker’s honororia from AstraZeneca, GSK, Eisai Co. and Merck. Line Bjørge is president of the Nordic Society of Gynaecological Oncology executive board. Anna deFazio sits on the Australia New Zealand Gynaecological Oncology Group (ANZGOG) Research Advisory Committee, the Clinical and Scientific Expert Advisory Panel of Ovarian Cancer Australia and the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Australian Gynaecological Cancer Foundation. She is chair of the Translational ANZGOG (TRANZGOG) Steering Committee, chair of the International Consortium for Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Steering Committee and chair of the ANZGOG Translational subcommittee. Michael Friedlander reports consulting fees from AstraZeneca, GSK, MSD, Eli Lilly and Company, Takeda and Novartis; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Astra-Zeneca, GSK and ACT Genomics; and support for attending meetings and/or travel from AstraZeneca. He sits on the Australasian Gastrointestinal Trial Group independent data monitoring committee and is a Steering Committee member for Abbvie’s VELIA trial. Catherine Kennedy is a member of the International Society for Biological and Environmental Repositories Science Policy Committee and of the Australasian Biospecimen Network (ABNA) Management Committee. She is past president and treasurer of ABNA. Liv Cecilie Vestrheim Thomsen reports grants from AstraZeneca, and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Bayer and AstraZeneca. She sits on an advisory board for Eisai Co. Ignace Vergote reports consulting fees from Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, Jazz Pharmaceuticals and Oncoinvent AS, and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Agenus, AkseBio, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, Eisai Co., F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Genmab, GSK, ImmunoGen, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Karyopharm Therapeutics, MSD, Novocure, Novartis, Oncoinvent AS, Seagen and Sotio Biotech. He sits on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Agenus, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, Eisai Co., F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Genmab, GSK, ImmunoGen, MSD, Novocure, Novartis, Seagen and Sotio Biotech. Penelope Webb reports a speaker’s honorarium from AstraZeneca. No other competing interests were declared., (© 2023 CMA Impact Inc. or its licensors.)
Published: 2023
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32. Lifetime ovulatory years and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: a multinational pooled analysis.

Author: Fu Z, Brooks MM, Irvin S, Jordan S, Aben KKH, Anton-Culver H, Bandera EV, Beckmann MW, Berchuck A, Brooks-Wilson A, Chang-Claude J, Cook LS, Cramer DW, Cushing-Haugen KL, Doherty JA, Ekici AB, Fasching PA, Fortner RT, Gayther SA, Gentry-Maharaj A, Giles GG, Goode EL, Goodman MT, Harris HR, Hein A, Kaaks R, Kiemeney LA, Köbel M, Kotsopoulos J, Le ND, Lee AW, Matsuo K, McGuire V, McLaughlin JR, Menon U, Milne RL, Moysich KB, Pearce CL, Pike MC, Qin B, Ramus SJ, Riggan MJ, Rothstein JH, Schildkraut JM, Sieh W, Sutphen R, Terry KL, Thompson PJ, Titus L, van Altena AM, White E, Whittemore AS, Wu AH, Zheng W, Ziogas A, Taylor SE, Tang L, Songer T, Wentzensen N, Webb PM, Risch HA, and Modugno F
Subjects: Pregnancy, Humans, Female, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial epidemiology, Risk Factors, Parity, Contraceptives, Oral adverse effects, Case-Control Studies, Ovarian Neoplasms epidemiology, Ovarian Neoplasms etiology, Ovarian Neoplasms pathology
Abstract: Background: The role of ovulation in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is supported by the consistent protective effects of parity and oral contraceptive use. Whether these factors protect through anovulation alone remains unclear. We explored the association between lifetime ovulatory years (LOY) and EOC., Methods: LOY was calculated using 12 algorithms. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated the association between LOY or LOY components and EOC among 26 204 control participants and 21 267 case patients from 25 studies. To assess whether LOY components act through ovulation suppression alone, we compared beta coefficients obtained from regression models with expected estimates assuming 1 year of ovulation suppression has the same effect regardless of source., Results: LOY was associated with increased EOC risk (OR per year increase = 1.014, 95% CI = 1.009 to 1.020 to OR per year increase = 1.044, 95% CI = 1.041 to 1.048). Individual LOY components, except age at menarche, also associated with EOC. The estimated model coefficient for oral contraceptive use and pregnancies were 4.45 times and 12- to 15-fold greater than expected, respectively. LOY was associated with high-grade serous, low-grade serous, endometrioid, and clear cell histotypes (ORs per year increase = 1.054, 1.040, 1.065, and 1.098, respectively) but not mucinous tumors. Estimated coefficients of LOY components were close to expected estimates for high-grade serous but larger than expected for low-grade serous, endometrioid, and clear cell histotypes., Conclusions: LOY is positively associated with nonmucinous EOC. Differences between estimated and expected model coefficients for LOY components suggest factors beyond ovulation underlie the associations between LOY components and EOC in general and for non-HGSOC., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Published: 2023
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33. Contraceptives and cancer risks in BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: van Bommel MHD, IntHout J, Veldmate G, Kets CM, de Hullu JA, van Altena AM, and Harmsen MG
Subjects: Female, Humans, BRCA1 Protein genetics, Contraceptive Agents, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Mutation, Reproducibility of Results, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology, Breast Neoplasms genetics, Ovarian Neoplasms
Abstract: Background: Increasing numbers of BReast CAncer (BRCA) 1 or 2 pathogenic variant (PV) carriers, who have an inherited predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer, are being identified. Among these women, data regarding the effects of contraception on cancer risks are unclear and various guidelines provide various recommendations., Objective and Rationale: We aim to optimize counselling regarding contraception for BRCA1/2-PV carriers. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. We investigated the risk ratio for developing breast cancer or ovarian cancer in BRCA1/2-PV carriers who have used any form of contraception versus non-users. Second, we analysed breast and ovarian cancer risk among BRCA1/2-PV carriers as influenced by the duration of contraceptive use and by the time since last use. In addition, we provide an overview of all relevant international guidelines regarding contraceptive use for BRCA1/2-PV carriers., Search Methods: A systematic search in the Medline database and Cochrane library identified studies describing breast and/or ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1/2-PV carriers as modified by contraception until June 2021. The search included medical subject headings, keywords and synonyms related to BRCA and contraceptives (any kind). PRISMA guidance was followed. Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations assessments were performed. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to estimate pooled effects for breast and ovarian cancer risk separately. Subgroup analyses were conducted for BRCA1 versus BRCA2 and for the various contraceptive methods., Outcomes: Results of the breast cancer risk with oral contraceptive pill (OCP) analysis depended on the outcome measure. Meta-analyses of seven studies with 7525 women revealed a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.55 (95% CI: 1.36-1.76) and of four studies including 9106 women resulted in an odds ratio (OR) of 1.06 (95% CI: 0.90-1.25), heterogeneity (I2) 0% and 52%, respectively. Breast cancer risk was still increased in ever-users compared with never-users >10 years after last OCP use. In contrast, ovarian cancer risk was decreased among OCP users: HR 0.62 (95% CI: 0.52-0.74) based on two studies including 10 981 women (I2: 0%), and OR 0.49 (95% CI: 0.38-0.63) based on eight studies including 10 390 women (I2: 64%). The protective effect vanished after cessation of use. Tubal ligation also protects against ovarian cancer: one study including 3319 women (I2: 0%): HR: 0.44 (95% CI: 0.26-0.74) and three studies with 7691 women (I2: 44%): OR: 0.74 (95% CI: 0.53-1.03). Data regarding other contraceptives were unavailable. No differences were observed between BRCA1 and BRCA2-PV carriers. The quality of evidence was either low or very low., Wider Implications: The OCP potentially increases breast cancer risk, while ovarian cancer risk decreases with either the OCP and tubal ligation in BRCA1/2-PV carriers. Counselling of BRCA1/2-PV carriers should be personalized; the genetic and non-genetic factors (like prior risk-reducing surgeries, prior breast cancer and age) and patients' preferences (reversibility, ease of use, reliability and effect on menstrual cycle) should be balanced. To further optimize counselling for high-risk women, future research should focus on other (commonly used) contraceptive methods and cancer risks in this specific population, and on the potential impact of changing formulations over time., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology.)
Published: 2023
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34. Amino Acid-Metabolizing Enzymes in Advanced High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Patients: Value of Ascites as Biomarker Source and Role for IL4I1 and IDO1.

Author: Grobben Y, den Ouden JE, Aguado C, van Altena AM, Kraneveld AD, and Zaman GJR
Abstract: The molecular mechanisms contributing to immune suppression in ovarian cancer are not well understood, hampering the successful application of immunotherapy. Amino acid-metabolizing enzymes are known to contribute to the immune-hostile environment of various tumors through depletion of amino acids and production of immunosuppressive metabolites. We aimed to collectively evaluate the activity of these enzymes in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients by performing targeted metabolomics on plasma and ascites samples. Whereas no indication was found for enhanced l-arginine or l-glutamine metabolism by immunosuppressive enzymes in ovarian cancer patients, metabolism of l-tryptophan by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) was significantly elevated compared to healthy controls. Moreover, high levels of l-phenylalanine- and l-tyrosine-derived metabolites associated with interleukin 4 induced 1 (IL4I1) activity were found in ovarian cancer ascites samples. While l-tryptophan is a major substrate of both IDO1 and IL4I1, only its enhanced conversion into l-kynurenine by IDO1 could be detected, despite the observed activity of IL4I1 on its other substrates. In ascites of ovarian cancer patients, metabolite levels were higher compared to those in plasma, demonstrating the value of utilizing this fluid for biomarker identification. Finally, elevated metabolism of l-phenylalanine and l-tyrosine by IL4I1 correlated with disease stage, pointing towards a potential role for IL4I1 in ovarian cancer progression., Competing Interests: G.J.R. Zaman is managing director and founder of Oncolines B.V. The other authors have no potential conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.
Published: 2023
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35. Relevance of Molecular Profiling in Patients With Low-Grade Endometrial Cancer.

Author: Vrede SW, Kasius J, Bulten J, Teerenstra S, Huvila J, Colas E, Gil-Moreno A, Boll D, Vos MC, van Altena AM, Asberger J, Sweegers S, van Weelden WJ, van der Putten LJM, Amant F, Visser NCM, Snijders MPLM, Küsters-Vandevelde HVN, Kruitwagen R, Matias-Guiu X, Weinberger V, Reijnen C, and Pijnenborg JMA
Subjects: Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Retrospective Studies, Cohort Studies, Prognosis, Carcinoma, Endometrioid pathology, Endometrial Neoplasms
Abstract: Importance: Patients with low-grade (ie, grade 1-2) endometrial cancer (EC) are characterized by their favorable prognosis compared with patients with high-grade (ie, grade 3) EC. With the implementation of molecular profiling, the prognostic relevance of tumor grading might lose attention. As most patients present with low-grade EC and have an excellent outcome, the value of molecular profiling for these patients is unclear., Objective: To determine the association of molecular profiling with outcomes among patients with low-grade EC., Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study included a multicenter international European cohort of patients diagnosed with EC between 1994 and 2018, with a median follow-up of 5.9 years. Molecular subgroups were determined by next-generation sequencing using single-molecule molecular inversion probes and by immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, tumors were classified as polymerase epsilon (POLE)-altered, microsatellite instable (MSI), tumor protein p53 (TP53)-altered, or no specific molecular profile (NSMP). Patients diagnosed with any histological subtypes and FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stages of EC were included, but patients with early-stage EC (FIGO I-II) were only included if they had known lymph node status. Data were analyzed February 20 to June 16, 2022., Exposures: Molecular testing of the 4 molecular subgroups., Main Outcomes and Measures: The main outcome was disease-specific survival (DSS) within the molecular subgroups., Results: A total of 393 patients with EC were included, with a median (range) age of 64.0 (31.0-86.0) years and median (range) body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 29.1 (18.0-58.3). Most patients presented with early-stage (290 patients [73.8%]) and low-grade (209 patients [53.2%]) disease. Of all patients, 33 (8.4%) had POLE-altered EC, 78 (19.8%) had MSI EC, 72 (18.3%) had TP53-altered EC, and 210 (53.4%) had NSMP EC. Across all molecular subgroups, patients with low-grade EC had superior 5-year DSS compared with those with high-grade EC, varying between 90% to 100% vs 41% to 90% (P < .001). Multivariable analysis in the entire cohort including age, tumor grade, FIGO stage, lymphovascular space invasion, and the molecular subgroups as covariates found that only high-grade (hazard ratio [HR], 4.29; 95% CI, 2.15-8.53; P < .001), TP53-altered (HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.04-2.95; P = .03), and FIGO stage III or IV (HR, 4.26; 95% CI, 2.50-7.26; P < .001) disease were independently associated with reduced DSS., Conclusions and Relevance: This cohort study found that patients with low-grade EC had an excellent prognosis independent of molecular subgroup. These findings do not support routine molecular profiling in patients with low-grade EC, and they demonstrate the importance of primary diagnostic tumor grading and selective profiling in low-grade EC to increase cost-effectiveness.
Published: 2022
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36. Incidence of ovarian cancer after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in women with histologically proven endometriosis.

Author: Hermens M, van Altena AM, Bulten J, van Vliet HAAM, Siebers AG, and Bekkers RLM
Subjects: Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial diagnosis, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial epidemiology, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial surgery, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Incidence, Ovariectomy adverse effects, Retrospective Studies, Salpingo-oophorectomy, Endometriosis diagnosis, Endometriosis epidemiology, Endometriosis surgery, Nevus, Ovarian Neoplasms diagnosis, Ovarian Neoplasms epidemiology, Ovarian Neoplasms surgery
Abstract: Objective: To assess the incidence of ovarian cancer in women with histologically proven endometriosis after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO)., Design: Retrospective nationwide cohort study., Setting: Dutch pathology database., Patient(s): Women with histologically proven endometriosis who had undergone BSO between 1990 and 2015 (n = 7,984). This study consists of 2 control cohorts: women with histologically proven endometriosis without BSO (n = 42,633) and women with a benign dermal nevus (n = 132,535)., Intervention(s): Observational study., Main Outcome Measure(s): Number of histologic diagnoses of (extra-)ovarian cancers. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated for (extra-)ovarian cancer. The number needed to treat was calculated., Result(s): We identified 9 (0.1%) (extra-)ovarian cancers in the BSO cohort and 170 (0.4%) and 444 (0.3%) ovarian cancers in the endometriosis and nevus control cohorts, respectively. We found an age-adjusted IRR of 0.34 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15-0.76) when the BSO cohort was compared with the endometriosis cohort. Comparing the BSO cohort with the nevus control cohort resulted in an age-adjusted IRR of 0.38 (95% CI, 0.17-0.85). The number needed to treat when the BSO cohort was compared with the endometriosis control cohort was 351 (95% CI, 272-591)., Conclusion(s): In this nationwide study, we found that the (extra-)ovarian cancer incidence in women with histologically proven endometriosis decreased to less than the background population risk after BSO. Additionally, we found a significant reduction of the incidence of ovarian cancer when compared with women with histologically proven endometriosis without BSO. Endometriosis surgery could in the future be a preventive strategy in women with endometriosis and a high-risk profile for ovarian cancer., (Copyright © 2022 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2022
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37. Endometrial cancer prognosis in women with endometriosis and adenomyosis: A retrospective nationwide cohort study of 40 840 women.

Author: Hermens M, van Altena AM, van der Aa M, Bulten J, van Vliet HAAM, Siebers AG, and Bekkers RLM
Subjects: Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Adenomyosis pathology, Endometrial Neoplasms pathology, Endometriosis complications
Abstract: We aim to compare endometrial cancer survival in women with or without histological proven endometriosis or adenomyosis. We identified all women with endometrial cancer between 1990 and 2015 from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR). Data were linked to the Dutch pathology database (PALGA) to select all women with histological proven endometriosis/adenomyosis. Overall survival was compared between women with endometrial cancer with or without endometriosis/adenomyosis. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). We included 1701 women with endometrial cancer and endometriosis/adenomyosis, of whom 1236 (72.7%) women had adenomyosis, 320 (18.8%) had endometriosis and 145 (8.5%) had both. We compared these women to 39 139 women with endometrial cancer without endometriosis/adenomyosis. Women in the combined endometriosis/adenomyosis cohort were younger at endometrial cancer diagnosis, had earlier disease stage, more often had endometrioid endometrial cancer and low grade tumors. The 5-year survival rate in the combined endometriosis/adenomyosis cohort was 84.8% (95% CI 84.6-88.1) and 71.6% (95% CI 71.1-72.0) in the nonendometriosis/adenomyosis cohort. Univariable analysis resulted in a crude HR of 0.63 (95% CI 0.59-0.69). Significant confounding factors were age, stage, cancer subtype, histological grading, surgery and chemotherapy rate. Correction for these confounders resulted in a HR of 0.98 (95% CI 0.90-1.06). Including endometriosis/adenomyosis status as a categorical factor resulted in similar HRs. In conclusion, women with endometrial cancer and histologically proven endometriosis/adenomyosis have a better overall survival when compared to women with endometrial cancer without endometriosis/adenomyosis. This better survival was correlated to stage, grade, age and histological subtype, but not to the presence of endometriosis/adenomyosis., (© 2021 The Authors. International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of UICC.)
Published: 2022
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38. Correction: Polygenic risk modeling for prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer risk.

Author: Dareng EO, Tyrer JP, Barnes DR, Jones MR, Yang X, Aben KKH, Adank MA, Agata S, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Antonenkova NN, Aravantinos G, Arun BK, Augustinsson A, Balmaña J, Bandera EV, Barkardottir RB, Barrowdale D, Beckmann MW, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Benitez J, Bermisheva M, Bernardini MQ, Bjorge L, Black A, Bogdanova NV, Bonanni B, Borg A, Brenton JD, Budzilowska A, Butzow R, Buys SS, Cai H, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Cannioto R, Cassingham H, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Chen K, Chiew YE, Chung WK, Claes KBM, Colonna S, Cook LS, Couch FJ, Daly MB, Dao F, Davies E, de la Hoya M, de Putter R, Dennis J, DePersia A, Devilee P, Diez O, Ding YC, Doherty JA, Domchek SM, Dörk T, du Bois A, Dürst M, Eccles DM, Eliassen HA, Engel C, Evans GD, Fasching PA, Flanagan JM, Fortner RT, Machackova E, Friedman E, Ganz PA, Garber J, Gensini F, Giles GG, Glendon G, Godwin AK, Goodman MT, Greene MH, Gronwald J, Hahnen E, Haiman CA, Håkansson N, Hamann U, Hansen TVO, Harris HR, Hartman M, Heitz F, Hildebrandt MAT, Høgdall E, Høgdall CK, Hopper JL, Huang RY, Huff C, Hulick PJ, Huntsman DG, Imyanitov EN, Isaacs C, Jakubowska A, James PA, Janavicius R, Jensen A, Johannsson OT, John EM, Jones ME, Kang D, Karlan BY, Karnezis A, Kelemen LE, Khusnutdinova E, Kiemeney LA, Kim BG, Kjaer SK, Komenaka I, Kupryjanczyk J, Kurian AW, Kwong A, Lambrechts D, Larson MC, Lazaro C, Le ND, Leslie G, Lester J, Lesueur F, Levine DA, Li L, Li J, Loud JT, Lu KH, Lubiński J, Mai PL, Manoukian S, Marks JR, Matsuno RK, Matsuo K, May T, McGuffog L, McLaughlin JR, McNeish IA, Mebirouk N, Menon U, Miller A, Milne RL, Minlikeeva A, Modugno F, Montagna M, Moysich KB, Munro E, Nathanson KL, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Yie JNY, Nielsen HR, Nielsen FC, Nikitina-Zake L, Odunsi K, Offit K, Olah E, Olbrecht S, Olopade OI, Olson SH, Olsson H, Osorio A, Papi L, Park SK, Parsons MT, Pathak H, Pedersen IS, Peixoto A, Pejovic T, Perez-Segura P, Permuth JB, Peshkin B, Peterlongo P, Piskorz A, Prokofyeva D, Radice P, Rantala J, Riggan MJ, Risch HA, Rodriguez-Antona C, Ross E, Rossing MA, Runnebaum I, Sandler DP, Santamariña M, Soucy P, Schmutzler RK, Setiawan VW, Shan K, Sieh W, Simard J, Singer CF, Sokolenko AP, Song H, Southey MC, Steed H, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Sutphen R, Swerdlow AJ, Tan YY, Teixeira MR, Teo SH, Terry KL, Terry MB, Thomassen M, Thompson PJ, Thomsen LCV, Thull DL, Tischkowitz M, Titus L, Toland AE, Torres D, Trabert B, Travis R, Tung N, Tworoger SS, Valen E, van Altena AM, van der Hout AH, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, van Rensburg EJ, Vega A, Edwards DV, Vierkant RA, Wang F, Wappenschmidt B, Webb PM, Weinberg CR, Weitzel JN, Wentzensen N, White E, Whittemore AS, Winham SJ, Wolk A, Woo YL, Wu AH, Yan L, Yannoukakos D, Zavaglia KM, Zheng W, Ziogas A, Zorn KK, Kleibl Z, Easton D, Lawrenson K, DeFazio A, Sellers TA, Ramus SJ, Pearce CL, Monteiro AN, Cunningham J, Goode EL, Schildkraut JM, Berchuck A, Chenevix-Trench G, Gayther SA, Antoniou AC, and Pharoah PDP
Published: 2022
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39. Polygenic risk modeling for prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer risk.

Author: Dareng EO, Tyrer JP, Barnes DR, Jones MR, Yang X, Aben KKH, Adank MA, Agata S, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Antonenkova NN, Aravantinos G, Arun BK, Augustinsson A, Balmaña J, Bandera EV, Barkardottir RB, Barrowdale D, Beckmann MW, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Benitez J, Bermisheva M, Bernardini MQ, Bjorge L, Black A, Bogdanova NV, Bonanni B, Borg A, Brenton JD, Budzilowska A, Butzow R, Buys SS, Cai H, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Cannioto R, Cassingham H, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Chen K, Chiew YE, Chung WK, Claes KBM, Colonna S, Cook LS, Couch FJ, Daly MB, Dao F, Davies E, de la Hoya M, de Putter R, Dennis J, DePersia A, Devilee P, Diez O, Ding YC, Doherty JA, Domchek SM, Dörk T, du Bois A, Dürst M, Eccles DM, Eliassen HA, Engel C, Evans GD, Fasching PA, Flanagan JM, Fortner RT, Machackova E, Friedman E, Ganz PA, Garber J, Gensini F, Giles GG, Glendon G, Godwin AK, Goodman MT, Greene MH, Gronwald J, Hahnen E, Haiman CA, Håkansson N, Hamann U, Hansen TVO, Harris HR, Hartman M, Heitz F, Hildebrandt MAT, Høgdall E, Høgdall CK, Hopper JL, Huang RY, Huff C, Hulick PJ, Huntsman DG, Imyanitov EN, Isaacs C, Jakubowska A, James PA, Janavicius R, Jensen A, Johannsson OT, John EM, Jones ME, Kang D, Karlan BY, Karnezis A, Kelemen LE, Khusnutdinova E, Kiemeney LA, Kim BG, Kjaer SK, Komenaka I, Kupryjanczyk J, Kurian AW, Kwong A, Lambrechts D, Larson MC, Lazaro C, Le ND, Leslie G, Lester J, Lesueur F, Levine DA, Li L, Li J, Loud JT, Lu KH, Lubiński J, Mai PL, Manoukian S, Marks JR, Matsuno RK, Matsuo K, May T, McGuffog L, McLaughlin JR, McNeish IA, Mebirouk N, Menon U, Miller A, Milne RL, Minlikeeva A, Modugno F, Montagna M, Moysich KB, Munro E, Nathanson KL, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Yie JNY, Nielsen HR, Nielsen FC, Nikitina-Zake L, Odunsi K, Offit K, Olah E, Olbrecht S, Olopade OI, Olson SH, Olsson H, Osorio A, Papi L, Park SK, Parsons MT, Pathak H, Pedersen IS, Peixoto A, Pejovic T, Perez-Segura P, Permuth JB, Peshkin B, Peterlongo P, Piskorz A, Prokofyeva D, Radice P, Rantala J, Riggan MJ, Risch HA, Rodriguez-Antona C, Ross E, Rossing MA, Runnebaum I, Sandler DP, Santamariña M, Soucy P, Schmutzler RK, Setiawan VW, Shan K, Sieh W, Simard J, Singer CF, Sokolenko AP, Song H, Southey MC, Steed H, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Sutphen R, Swerdlow AJ, Tan YY, Teixeira MR, Teo SH, Terry KL, Terry MB, Thomassen M, Thompson PJ, Thomsen LCV, Thull DL, Tischkowitz M, Titus L, Toland AE, Torres D, Trabert B, Travis R, Tung N, Tworoger SS, Valen E, van Altena AM, van der Hout AH, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, van Rensburg EJ, Vega A, Edwards DV, Vierkant RA, Wang F, Wappenschmidt B, Webb PM, Weinberg CR, Weitzel JN, Wentzensen N, White E, Whittemore AS, Winham SJ, Wolk A, Woo YL, Wu AH, Yan L, Yannoukakos D, Zavaglia KM, Zheng W, Ziogas A, Zorn KK, Kleibl Z, Easton D, Lawrenson K, DeFazio A, Sellers TA, Ramus SJ, Pearce CL, Monteiro AN, Cunningham J, Goode EL, Schildkraut JM, Berchuck A, Chenevix-Trench G, Gayther SA, Antoniou AC, and Pharoah PDP
Subjects: Bayes Theorem, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial genetics, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Breast Neoplasms, Ovarian Neoplasms epidemiology, Ovarian Neoplasms genetics
Abstract: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have the potential to improve risk stratification. Joint estimation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) effects in models could improve predictive performance over standard approaches of PRS construction. Here, we implemented computationally efficient, penalized, logistic regression models (lasso, elastic net, stepwise) to individual level genotype data and a Bayesian framework with continuous shrinkage, "select and shrink for summary statistics" (S4), to summary level data for epithelial non-mucinous ovarian cancer risk prediction. We developed the models in a dataset consisting of 23,564 non-mucinous EOC cases and 40,138 controls participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) and validated the best models in three populations of different ancestries: prospective data from 198,101 women of European ancestries; 7,669 women of East Asian ancestries; 1,072 women of African ancestries, and in 18,915 BRCA1 and 12,337 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestries. In the external validation data, the model with the strongest association for non-mucinous EOC risk derived from the OCAC model development data was the S4 model (27,240 SNPs) with odds ratios (OR) of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.28-1.48, AUC: 0.588) per unit standard deviation, in women of European ancestries; 1.14 (95% CI: 1.08-1.19, AUC: 0.538) in women of East Asian ancestries; 1.38 (95% CI: 1.21-1.58, AUC: 0.593) in women of African ancestries; hazard ratios of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.29-1.43, AUC: 0.592) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.35-1.64, AUC: 0.624) in BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. Incorporation of the S4 PRS in risk prediction models for ovarian cancer may have clinical utility in ovarian cancer prevention programs., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
Published: 2022
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40. Oncologic outcomes after splenectomy during initial cytoreductive surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Author: Said SA, van der Aa MA, Veldmate G, de Hullu JA, and van Altena AM
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial mortality, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial pathology, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Netherlands, Ovarian Neoplasms mortality, Ovarian Neoplasms pathology, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial surgery, Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures adverse effects, Ovarian Neoplasms surgery, Splenectomy adverse effects
Abstract: Introduction: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients undergoing splenectomy during cytoreductive surgery represent a small subgroup of patients. Splenic metastases or technical reasons due to extensive upper abdominal disease may require a splenectomy. It has been hypothesized that as the spleen's antitumor immunologic functions may inhibit cancer growth, splenectomy may promote the growth of residual disease as observed in other cancer types of murine studies. The few studies assessing the impact of splenectomy on the oncologic outcomes of advanced stage EOC patients have reported inconsistent results. It remains unclear whether splenectomy during cytoreductive surgery is justified to achieve complete cytoreduction. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a splenectomy on perioperative outcomes and survival of advanced stage EOC patients., Material and Methods: In this nationwide population-based study, all consecutive patients diagnosed with FIGO stage IIIC and IV EOC between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2015 were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery combined with platinum-based chemotherapy as primary treatment were selected. Differences in clinicopathologic characteristics between splenectomy and non-splenectomy patients were assessed. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazards models were used to adjust for covariates that influence survival., Results: A total of 3911 patients were identified: 99 splenectomy and 3812 non-splenectomy patients. Splenectomy patients were more likely to undergo extensive surgery or surgical reintervention, to receive intraperitoneal chemotherapy, intraoperative and postoperative blood transfusion, to experience postoperative infections, and to be admitted to an intensive care unit (all p < 0.002). No significant differences in PFS or OS were observed between splenectomy vs non-splenectomy patients after adjusting for covariates., Conclusions: Although advanced stage EOC patients who undergo splenectomy during cytoreductive surgery have less favorable perioperative outcomes, no adverse impact of splenectomy on the survival of advanced stage EOC patients was observed. Splenectomy during cytoreductive surgery seems to be justified to achieve complete cytoreduction in advanced stage EOC patients., (© 2021 The Authors. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology (NFOG).)
Published: 2022
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41. Establishment of the Dutch Nationwide, Interdisciplinary Infrastructure and Biobank for Fundamental and Translational Ovarian Cancer Research: Archipelago of Ovarian Cancer Research.

Author: Zelisse HS, van Gent MDJM, de Ridder S, van der Aa MA, van Altena AM, Bart J, Belien JAM, Boere IA, Bosch SL, Broeks A, Bulten J, Collée M, Groenendijk FH, Horlings HM, Jansen MPHM, Jonges TGN, Kooreman LFS, de Kroon CD, Lambrechts S, Lok CAR, Piek JM, Reyners AKL, Roes EM, Simons M, Wisman GBA, Yigit R, Zweemer RP, Mom CH, van de Vijver MJ, and Dijk F
Subjects: Humans, Female, Translational Research, Biomedical, Prospective Studies, Biological Specimen Banks, Ovarian Neoplasms surgery
Abstract: Objectives: Ovarian cancer has the worst overall survival rate of all gynecologic malignancies. For the majority of patients, the 5-year overall survival rate of less than 50% has hardly improved over the last decades. To improve the outcome of patients with all subtypes of ovarian cancer, large-scale fundamental and translational research is needed. To accommodate these types of ovarian cancer research, we have established a Dutch nationwide, interdisciplinary infrastructure and biobank: the Archipelago of Ovarian Cancer Research (AOCR). The AOCR will facilitate fundamental and translational ovarian cancer research and enhance interdisciplinary, national, and international collaboration., Design: The AOCR biobank is a prospective ovarian cancer biobank in which biomaterials are collected, processed, and stored in a uniform matter for future (genetic) scientific research. All 19 Dutch hospitals in which ovarian cancer surgery is performed participate and collaborate in the AOCR biobank., Participants/materials, Setting, Methods: Patients of 16 years and older with suspected or diagnosed ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer are recruited for participation. Patients who agree to participate give written informed consent for collection, storage, and issue of their biomaterials for future studies. After inclusion, different blood samples are taken at various predefined time points both before and during treatment. In case of a diagnostic paracentesis or biopsy, the residual biomaterials of these procedures are stored in the biobank. During surgery, primary tumor tissue and, if applicable, tissue from metastatic sites are collected and stored. From each patient, a representative histological hematoxylin and eosin stained slide is digitalized for research purposes, including reassessment by a panel of gynecologic pathologists. Clinical and pathological data are obtained on a per-study basis from Dutch registries. Research proposals for the issue of biomaterials and data are evaluated by both the Archipelago Scientific Committee and the Steering Committee. Researchers using the biomaterials from the AOCR biobank are encouraged to enrich the biobank with data and materials resulting from their analyses and experiments., Limitations: The implementation and first 4 years of collection are financed by an infrastructural grant from the Dutch Cancer Society. Therefore, the main limitation is that the costs for sustaining the biobank after the funding period will have to be covered. This coverage will come from incorporation of budget for biobanking in future grant applications and from fees from external researchers and commercial parties using the biomaterials stored in the AOCR biobank. Moreover, we will apply for grants aimed at sustaining and improving research infrastructures and biobanks., Conclusions: With the establishment of the Dutch nationwide, interdisciplinary Archipelago of Ovarian Cancer Research infrastructure and biobank, fundamental and translational research on ovarian cancer can be greatly improved. The ultimate aim of this infrastructure is that it will lead to improved diagnostics, treatment, and survival of patients with ovarian cancer., (© 2022 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
Published: 2022
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42. Clinicopathologic predictors of early relapse in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: development of prediction models using nationwide data.

Author: Said SA, Bretveld RW, Koffijberg H, Sonke GS, Kruitwagen RFPM, de Hullu JA, van Altena AM, Siesling S, and van der Aa MA
Subjects: Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial epidemiology, Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures, Humans, Neoplasm Staging, Neoplasm, Residual, Recurrence, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial epidemiology, Ovarian Neoplasms epidemiology, Ovarian Neoplasms pathology
Abstract: Objective: To identify clinicopathologic factors predictive of early relapse (platinum-free interval (PFI) of ≤6 months) in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in first-line treatment, and to develop and internally validate risk prediction models for early relapse., Methods: All consecutive patients diagnosed with advanced stage EOC between 01-01-2008 and 31-12-2015 were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy as initial EOC treatment were selected. Two prediction models, i.e. pretreatment and postoperative, were developed. Candidate predictors of early relapse were fitted into multivariable logistic regression models. Model performance was assessed on calibration and discrimination. Internal validation was performed through bootstrapping to correct for model optimism., Results: A total of 4,557 advanced EOC patients were identified, including 1,302 early relapsers and 3,171 late or non-relapsers. Early relapsers were more likely to have FIGO stage IV, mucinous or clear cell type EOC, ascites, >1 cm residual disease, and to have undergone NACT-ICS. The final pretreatment model demonstrated subpar model performance (AUC = 0.64 [95 %-CI 0.62-0.66]). The final postoperative model based on age, FIGO stage, pretreatment CA-125 level, histologic subtype, presence of ascites, treatment approach, and residual disease after debulking, demonstrated adequate model performance (AUC = 0.72 [95 %-CI 0.71-0.74]). Bootstrap validation revealed minimal optimism of the final postoperative model., Conclusion: A (postoperative) discriminative model has been developed and presented online that predicts the risk of early relapse in advanced EOC patients. Although external validation is still required, this prediction model can support patient counselling in daily clinical practice., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2021
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43. Endometrial Cancer Incidence in Endometriosis and Adenomyosis.

Author: Hermens M, van Altena AM, Velthuis I, van de Laar DCM, Bulten J, van Vliet HAAM, Siebers AG, and Bekkers RLM
Abstract: Women with histologically proven endometriosis/adenomyosis have an increased risk of ovarian cancer. Small studies show conflicting results on the endometrial cancer risk in women with endometriosis/adenomyosis. Therefore, we assessed the incidence of endometrial cancer in women with histologically proven endometriosis or adenomyosis. We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study of 129,862 women with histologically proven endometriosis/adenomyosis, matched with 132,700 women with a nevus selected from the Dutch pathology registry between 1990 and 2015. Histology results for endometrial cancer were retrieved. Crude and age-adjusted odds ratios for endometrial cancer were estimated. In the endometriosis/adenomyosis group, 1827 (1.4%) women had a histological report on endometrial cancer, and in the nevus group, 771 (0.6%) women. The age-adjusted OR for endometrial cancer was 2.58 (95%CI 2.37-2.81). After excluding the first year of follow-up, the age-adjusted OR was 0.76 (95%CI 0.63-0.92), indicating that endometrial cancer is most often found at time of histological diagnosis of endometriosis/adenomyosis. In around 20% of the endometrial cancer cases, the endometrial cancer was not recognized until after hysterectomy. Of these women, 35% had no prior (micro)curettage or biopsy. This study shows an increased incidence of endometrial cancer in women with histologically proven endometriosis and adenomyosis.
Published: 2021
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44. Increased incidence of ovarian cancer in both endometriosis and adenomyosis.

Author: Hermens M, van Altena AM, Bulten J, van Vliet HAAM, Siebers AG, and Bekkers RLM
Subjects: Adult, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Incidence, Middle Aged, Netherlands epidemiology, Registries, Risk Assessment, Adenomyosis epidemiology, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial epidemiology, Endometriosis epidemiology, Ovarian Neoplasms epidemiology
Abstract: Objective: Assessing the association between endometriosis and/or adenomyosis and ovarian cancer., Methods: We identified all women with histological proven endometriosis (51,544 women) and/or adenomyosis (85,015 women) from the Dutch pathology database (1990-2015) and matched with women with a benign dermal nevus (132,654 women). Histology results for ovarian cancer were retrieved. We estimated crude and age-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) for ovarian cancer., Results: We found 1017 (2.0%), 1284 (1.5%) and 471 (0.4%) ovarian cancer cases in the endometriosis, adenomyosis and nevus cohort, respectively. The age-adjusted IRRs were 19.75 (95% CI 16.70-23.35) in the endometriosis cohort and 5.93 (95% CI 4.91-7.16) in the adenomyosis cohort. The highest IRRs were found for endometrioid and clear cell ovarian cancer subtypes. Excluding the first year of follow-up did not result in a significant IRR for ovarian cancer overall but resulted in a statistically significant age-adjusted IRR of 3.92 (95% CI 2.19-7.01) for clear cell ovarian cancer and 2.39 (95% CI 1.28-4.45) for endometrioid ovarian cancer in the endometriosis cohort. Additionally, we found a statistically significant age-adjusted IRR of 2.51 (95% CI 1.29-4.90) for endometrioid ovarian cancer in the adenomyosis cohort., Conclusion: We found an increased ovarian cancer incidence in both histological proven endometriosis and adenomyosis. This increased incidence was largest for endometriosis. Excluding the first year of follow-up resulted in an increased incidence for endometrioid ovarian cancer in both cohorts and clear cell ovarian cancer in the endometriosis cohort. This study shows that gynecologist should also be aware of an increased ovarian cancer incidence in women with adenomyosis., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors report no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2021
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45. Ovarian cancer prognosis in women with endometriosis: a retrospective nationwide cohort study of 32,419 women.

Author: Hermens M, van Altena AM, van der Aa M, Bulten J, van Vliet HAAM, Siebers AG, and Bekkers RLM
Subjects: Aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Survival Rate, Endometriosis complications, Endometriosis mortality, Ovarian Diseases complications, Ovarian Diseases mortality, Ovarian Neoplasms complications, Ovarian Neoplasms mortality
Abstract: Background: Contradicting results regarding ovarian cancer prognosis in women with endometriosis have been reported in the literature. Owing to the small sample size of previous studies, larger studies are required to elucidate the role of endometriosis in ovarian cancer prognosis., Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate in women with ovarian cancer with or without histologically proven endometriosis in a Dutch population-based cohort., Study Design: All women with ovarian cancer diagnosed between 1990 and 2015 were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. We linked these women with the Dutch nationwide registry of histopathology and cytopathology (Pathologisch-Anatomisch Landelijk Geautomatiseerd Archief) to identify all women with histologically proven endometriosis. We compared the prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer with and without histologically proven endometriosis. Primary outcome was the overall survival with subgroup analyses stratified by histologic ovarian cancer subtype and stage. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals., Results: We included 32,419 patients with ovarian cancer, of whom 1979 (6.1%) had histologically proven endometriosis. The median age of histologic endometriosis diagnosis was 53 years (interquartile range, 46-62). Of all women with ovarian cancer and endometriosis, 81.2% received a diagnosis of synchronous endometriosis and ovarian cancer. The endometriosis cohort was younger at ovarian cancer diagnosis, had more favorable tumor characteristics, and more often had surgical treatment for ovarian cancer than the women without endometriosis. These variables were included in the multivariable model as confounders. Women with histologically proven endometriosis had a significantly better prognosis in both crude and adjusted analyses (hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.43-0.49; P<.0005, and adjusted hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.95; P<.05, respectively)., Conclusion: Women with ovarian cancer and histologically proven endometriosis had longer overall survival than women with ovarian cancer without endometriosis, even after adjustment for confounders. Future studies on ovarian cancer treatment and prognosis should consider stratifying by endometriosis status to elucidate its role. Furthermore, women diagnosed as having ovarian cancer and concurrent endometriosis should be explained the role of endometriosis in ovarian cancer survival., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2021
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46. Targeting Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase in Cancer Models Using the Novel Small Molecule Inhibitor NTRC 3883-0.

Author: Grobben Y, de Man J, van Doornmalen AM, Muller M, Willemsen-Seegers N, Vu-Pham D, Mulder WR, Prinsen MBW, de Wit J, Sterrenburg JG, van Cauter F, den Ouden JE, van Altena AM, Massuger LF, Uitdehaag JCM, Buijsman RC, and Zaman GJR
Subjects: Animals, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes drug effects, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Humans, Kynurenine metabolism, Melanoma, Experimental metabolism, Mice, Tryptophan metabolism, Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase metabolism, Melanoma, Experimental drug therapy, Small Molecule Libraries pharmacology
Abstract: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) is a key regulator of immune suppression by catalyzing the oxidation of L-tryptophan. IDO1 expression has been related to poor prognosis in several cancers and to resistance to checkpoint immunotherapies. We describe the characterization of a novel small molecule IDO1 inhibitor, NTRC 3883-0, in a panel of biochemical and cell-based assays, and various cancer models. NTRC 3883-0 released the inhibitory effect of IDO1 on CD8-positive T cell proliferation in co-cultures of IDO1-overexpressing cells with healthy donor lymphocytes, demonstrating its immune modulatory activity. In a syngeneic mouse model using IDO1-overexpressing B16F10 melanoma cells, NTRC 3883-0 effectively counteracted the IDO1-induced modulation of L-tryptophan and L-kynurenine levels, demonstrating its in vivo target modulation. Finally, we studied the expression and activity of IDO1 in primary cell cultures established from the malignant ascites of ovarian cancer patients. In these cultures, IDO1 expression was induced upon stimulation with IFNγ, and its activity could be inhibited by NTRC 3883-0. Based on these results, we propose the use of ascites cell-based functional assays for future patient stratification. Our results are discussed in light of the recent discontinuation of clinical trials of more advanced IDO1 inhibitors and the reconsideration of IDO1 as a valid drug target., Competing Interests: RB and GZ are managing directors and shareholders of Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V. YG, JM, AD, MM, NW-S, DV-P, WM, MP, JW, JS, FC and JU were employed by Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Grobben, de Man, van Doornmalen, Muller, Willemsen-Seegers, Vu-Pham, Mulder, Prinsen, de Wit, Sterrenburg, van Cauter, den Ouden, van Altena, Massuger, Uitdehaag, Buijsman and Zaman.)
Published: 2021
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47. Multidisciplinary management of patients with pubic osteomyelitis, a rare but serious complication after surgery and radiation therapy for advanced gynaecological cancer.

Author: Haveman I, van Altena AM, Verschuren CP, and Aarts JW
Subjects: Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Arthrodesis, Bone Transplantation, Carcinoma pathology, Female, Humans, Leeching, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Middle Aged, Osteomyelitis diagnosis, Osteomyelitis etiology, Patient Care Team, Pubic Bone diagnostic imaging, Pubic Bone radiation effects, Pubic Bone surgery, Radiation Injuries diagnosis, Radiation Injuries etiology, Sacroiliac Joint diagnostic imaging, Sacroiliac Joint radiation effects, Sacroiliac Joint surgery, Skin Transplantation, Surgical Wound complications, Treatment Outcome, Vulva pathology, Vulva surgery, Vulvar Neoplasms pathology, Carcinoma therapy, Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant adverse effects, Osteomyelitis therapy, Radiation Injuries therapy, Surgical Wound therapy, Vulvar Neoplasms therapy
Abstract: Pubic osteomyelitis is a rare and often late-onset complication of radiation therapy and surgery for vulvar and vaginal carcinoma. It typically presents with vulvar pain, fever, vaginal discharge and/or gait disorders. Pubic osteomyelitis is often accompanied by fistulas or wound dehiscence in the pelvic area. Its accurate diagnosis and treatment are challenging and require a multidisciplinary team effort. In our patients, multiple combined surgical procedures, long-term antibiotic treatment and days to weeks of hospital admission were necessary to treat pubic osteomyelitis. We emphasise the importance of timely and adequate diagnosis and multidisciplinary approach resulting in a course of treatment that is as effective as possible, limiting the impact on quality of life, which is generally high in this group of patients., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Published: 2021
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48. Chemotherapy sensitivity testing on ovarian cancer cells isolated from malignant ascites.

Author: den Ouden JE, Zaman GJR, Dylus J, van Doornmalen AM, Mulder WR, Grobben Y, van Riel WE, de Hullu JA, Buijsman RC, and van Altena AM
Abstract: Background: In epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), 15-20% of the tumors do not respond to first-line chemotherapy (paclitaxel with platinum-based therapy), and in recurrences this number increases. Our aim is to determine the feasibility of cell proliferation assays of tumor cells isolated from malignant ascites to predict in vitro chemotherapy sensitivity, and to correlate these results with clinical outcome., Materials and Methods: Ascites was collected from twenty women with advanced EOC. Cell samples were enriched for tumor cells and EOC origin was confirmed by intracellular staining of CK7, surface staining of CA125 and EpCAM, and HE4 gene expression. In vitro sensitivity to chemotherapy was determined in cell proliferation assays using intracellular ATP content as an indirect measure of cell number. In vitro drug response was quantified by calculation of the drug concentration at which cell growth was inhibited with 50%. Clinical outcome was determined using post-treatment CA125 level., Results: Cell samples of twenty patients were collected, of which three samples that failed to proliferate were excluded in the analysis (15%). Three other samples were excluded, because clinical outcome could not be determined correctly. In twelve of the fourteen remaining cases (86%) in vitro drug sensitivity and clinical outcome corresponded, while in two samples (14%) there was no correspondence., Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the feasibility of drug sensitivity tests using tumor cells isolated from ascites of advanced EOC patients. Larger observational studies are required to confirm the correlation between the in vitro sensitivity and clinical outcome., Competing Interests: CONFLICTS OF INTEREST J.E. den Ouden partly received salary support from Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V. G.J.R. Zaman and R.C. Buijsman are shareholders and managing director of Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V., (Copyright: © 2020 den Ouden et al.)
Published: 2020
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49. Molecular profiling identifies synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancers as metastatic endometrial cancer with favorable clinical outcome.

Author: Reijnen C, Küsters-Vandevelde HVN, Ligtenberg MJL, Bulten J, Oosterwegel M, Snijders MPLM, Sweegers S, de Hullu JA, Vos MC, van der Wurff AAM, van Altena AM, Eijkelenboom A, and Pijnenborg JMA
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Clonal Evolution, DNA Mismatch Repair, DNA Polymerase II genetics, Databases, Genetic, Endometrial Neoplasms metabolism, Endometrial Neoplasms secondary, Female, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Humans, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary metabolism, Ovarian Neoplasms metabolism, Ovarian Neoplasms secondary, Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins genetics, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 metabolism, Endometrial Neoplasms genetics, Mutation, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary genetics, Ovarian Neoplasms genetics, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 genetics
Abstract: Synchronous primary endometrial and ovarian cancers (SEOs) represent 10% of all endometrial and ovarian cancers and are assumed to develop as independent entities. We investigated the clonal relationship between endometrial and ovarian carcinomas in a large cohort classified as SEOs or metastatic disease (MD). The molecular profiles were compared to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data to explore primary origin. Subsequently, the molecular profiles were correlated with clinical outcome. To this extent, a retrospective multicenter study was performed comparing patients with SEOs (n = 50), endometrial cancer with synchronous ovarian metastasis (n = 19) and ovarian cancer with synchronous endometrial metastasis (n = 20). Targeted next-generation sequencing was used, and a clonality index was calculated. Subsequently, cases were classified as POLE mutated, mismatch repair deficient (MMR-D), TP53-wild-type or TP53-mutated. In 92% of SEOs (46/50), the endometrial and concurrent ovarian carcinoma shared at least one somatic mutation, with a clonality index above 0.95, supporting a clonal origin. The SEO molecular profiles showed striking similarities with the TCGA endometrial carcinoma set. SEOs behaved distinctly different from metastatic disease, with a superior outcome compared to endometrial MD cases (p < 0.001) and ovarian MD cases (p < 0.001). Classification according to the TCGA identified four groups with different clinical outcomes. TP53 mutations and extra-utero-ovarian disease were independent predictors for poor clinical outcome. Concluding, SEOs were clonally related in an overwhelming majority of cases and showed a favorable prognosis. Their molecular profile implied a primary endometrial origin. TP53 mutation and extra-utero-ovarian disease were independent predictors for outcome, and may impact adjuvant systemic treatment planning., (© 2020 The Authors. International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of UICC.)
Published: 2020
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50. Incidence of endometrioid and clear-cell ovarian cancer in histological proven endometriosis: the ENOCA population-based cohort study.

Author: Hermens M, van Altena AM, Nieboer TE, Schoot BC, van Vliet HAAM, Siebers AG, and Bekkers RLM
Subjects: Aged, Cohort Studies, Endometriosis pathology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Middle Aged, Carcinoma, Endometrioid complications, Carcinoma, Endometrioid epidemiology, Endometriosis complications, Ovarian Neoplasms complications, Ovarian Neoplasms epidemiology
Abstract: Background: Several studies have suggested that endometriosis is associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer, especially for the clear-cell and endometrioid subtypes. However, previous studies lack sufficient power or diagnostic certainty., Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the association between histologically proven endometriosis and ovarian cancer in a large population-based cohort study., Study Design: We identified 131,450 women with a histological diagnosis of endometriosis between 1990 and 2015 from the Dutch nationwide registry of histopathology and cytopathology (PALGA). For the control cohort 132,654 women with a benign dermal nevus were matched on age and inclusion year with the endometriosis cases. Histological diagnoses of ovarian, fallopian tubes, and peritoneal cancers between January 1990 and July 2017 were retrieved. Incidence rate ratios were estimated for ovarian cancer and its subtypes for the whole follow-up period as well as for women with more than 1 person-year at risk., Results: We found a crude incidence rate ratio of 4.79 (95% confidence interval, 4.33-5.31) and an age-adjusted incidence rate ratio of 7.18 (95% confidence interval, 6.17-8.36) for ovarian cancer overall. Endometrioid and clear-cell ovarian cancer had the highest age-adjusted incidence rate ratio of 29.06 (95% confidence interval, 20.66-40.87) and 21.34 (95% confidence interval, 14.01-32.51), respectively. Median age at ovarian cancer diagnosis was 56 years (interquartile range, 49-63) for the endometriosis cohort and 60 years (interquartile range, 53-67) for the nevus cohort, (P < .05). After excluding women with less than 1 person-year at risk following an endometriosis diagnosis, we found a crude incidence rate ratio of 1.04 (95% confidence interval, 0.91-1.19) and an age-adjusted incidence rate ratio of 1.08 (95% confidence interval, 0.87-1.35) for ovarian cancer overall. However, statistically significant age-adjusted incidence rate ratios of 2.29 (95% confidence interval, 1.24-4.20) for clear-cell ovarian cancer and 2.56 (95% confidence interval, 1.47-4.47) for endometrioid ovarian cancer were found., Conclusion: A significantly higher incidence of clear-cell and endometrioid ovarian cancer was found in women with histologically proven endometriosis. Additionally, we found an increased incidence of all ovarian cancer subtypes in histologically proven endometriosis; however, in many of these women, endometriosis and ovarian cancer were diagnosed synchronously after the average menopausal age, which may suggest that the risk of ovarian cancer in endometriosis patients remains, even when clinical endometriosis symptoms are no longer present., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2020
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