472 results on '"Vaccaro R"'
Search Results
2. Designing an Innovative Intergenerational Educational Program to Bridge the Digital Divide: The Cyber School for Grandparents Initiative
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Gao, Q, Zhou, J, Rolandi, E, Sala, E, Colombo, M, Vaccaro, R, Guaita, A, Colombo M, Vaccaro R, Guaita A, Gao, Q, Zhou, J, Rolandi, E, Sala, E, Colombo, M, Vaccaro, R, Guaita, A, Colombo M, Vaccaro R, and Guaita A
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The digitalisation of society may pose major challenges for active ageing promotion, representing a source of social exclusion for many older people lacking the basic digital skills. Older Italians are amongst the least digitally savvy in Europe. In this context, there is an urgent need for accessible and inclusive digital educational programs, targeting specifically the frailest group of the old age population. The Cyber School for Grandparents initiative is an innovative intergenerational educational program aimed at training secondary school students to become cyber tutors for their grandparents. The aim of this work is to present all the steps performed to design and implement the intervention in the school context and to perform a feasibility study on this educational experience, assessing pre-post changes on older adults’ digital skills, use and attitudes as well as monitoring students’ participation and learning outcomes. The study is ongoing and will provide useful information for the implementation of similar initiative in other contexts.
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- 2022
3. A new national survey of centers for cognitive disorders and dementias in Italy
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Bacigalupo, I, Giaquinto, F, Salvi, E, Carnevale, G, Vaccaro, R, Matascioli, F, Remoli, G, Vanacore, N, Lorenzini, P, Appollonio, I, Bellelli, G, Bacigalupo, Ilaria, Giaquinto, Francesco, Salvi, Emanuela, Carnevale, Giulia, Vaccaro, Roberta, Matascioli, Fabio, Remoli, Giulia, Vanacore, Nicola, Lorenzini, Patrizia, Appollonio, Ildebrando, Bellelli, Giuseppe, Bacigalupo, I, Giaquinto, F, Salvi, E, Carnevale, G, Vaccaro, R, Matascioli, F, Remoli, G, Vanacore, N, Lorenzini, P, Appollonio, I, Bellelli, G, Bacigalupo, Ilaria, Giaquinto, Francesco, Salvi, Emanuela, Carnevale, Giulia, Vaccaro, Roberta, Matascioli, Fabio, Remoli, Giulia, Vanacore, Nicola, Lorenzini, Patrizia, Appollonio, Ildebrando, and Bellelli, Giuseppe
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IntroductionA new national survey has been carried out by the Italian Centers for Cognitive Disorders and Dementias (CCDDs). The aim of this new national survey is to provide a comprehensive description of the characteristics, organizational aspects of the CCDDs, and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA list of all national CCDDs was requested from the delegates of each Italian region. The online questionnaire is divided in two main sections: a profile section, containing information on location and accessibility, and a data collection form covering organization, services, treatments, activities, and any service interruptions caused by the COVID-19 outbreak.ResultsIn total, 511 out of 534 (96%) facilities completed the profile section, while 450 out of 534 (84%) CCDDs also completed the data collection form. Almost half of the CCDDs (55.1%) operated for 3 or fewer days a week. About one-third of the facilities had at least two professional figures among neurologists, geriatricians and psychiatrists. In 2020, only a third of facilities were open all the time, but in 2021, two-thirds of the facilities were open.ConclusionThis paper provides an update on the current status of CCDDs in Italy, which still shows considerable heterogeneity. The survey revealed a modest improvement in the functioning of CCDDs, although substantial efforts are still required to ensure the diagnosis and care of patients with dementia.
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- 2023
4. Doll Therapy Intervention Reduces Challenging Behaviours of Women with Dementia Living in Nursing Homes: Results from a Randomized Single-Blind Controlled Trial
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Molteni, V, Vaccaro, R, Ballabio, R, Ceppi, L, Cantù, M, Ardito, R, Adenzato, M, Poletti, B, Guaita, A, Pezzati, R, Molteni, Valentina, Vaccaro, Roberta, Ballabio, Roberta, Ceppi, Laura, Cantù, Marco, Ardito, Rita B, Adenzato, Mauro, Poletti, Barbara, Guaita, Antonio, Pezzati, Rita, Molteni, V, Vaccaro, R, Ballabio, R, Ceppi, L, Cantù, M, Ardito, R, Adenzato, M, Poletti, B, Guaita, A, Pezzati, R, Molteni, Valentina, Vaccaro, Roberta, Ballabio, Roberta, Ceppi, Laura, Cantù, Marco, Ardito, Rita B, Adenzato, Mauro, Poletti, Barbara, Guaita, Antonio, and Pezzati, Rita
- Abstract
Background: Doll therapy (DT) is a non-pharmacological intervention for the treatment of the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). We designed a single-blind randomized controlled trial of the 30-day efficacy of DT in reducing the BPSD, professional caregivers' distress and patients' biomarkers of stress, and in improving the exploration and caregiving behaviours. Methods: We randomly assigned 134 women with moderate-to-severe dementia living in nursing homes (NHs) to a DT intervention (DTI, 67) or a sham intervention with a cube (SI, 67). Results: From the first to the 30th session, the DTI group showed a significant decrease in the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-NH (NPI-NH) total score and in the NPI-NH-Distress score compared to the SI group (both p < 0.001). We observed a greater interest in the doll than in the cube, a greater acceptance of a separation from the nurse among DTI participants, and caregiving and exploratory behaviours towards the doll. There were no differences between the groups in the stress biomarkers. Conclusions: Consistent with attachment theory, our findings support the 30-day efficacy of DT, as this non-pharmacological intervention promotes perceptions of security by creating a situation in which patients feel confident and engaged in a caregiving relationship with the doll and reduces the challenging behaviours that are stressful for professional caregivers.
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- 2022
5. The Italian fund for Alzheimer's and other dementias: strategies and objectives to face the dementia challenge
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Ancidoni, A., Sciancalepore, F., Bacigalupo, I., Bellomo, G., Canevelli, M., Lacorte, E., Lombardo, F. L., Lorenzini, P., Palazzesi, I., Piscopo, P., Salvi, E., Bianchi, C. B. N. A., Landoni, F., La Sala, L., Di Fiandra, T., Vanacore, N., Basso, C., Bonino, P., Bruni, A. C., Caci, A., Fabbo, A., Giordano, M., Greco, A., Lidonnici, E., Lombardi, A., Lovaldi, F., March, A., Madrigali, S., Palummeri, E., Perratone, P., Scalmana, S., Caffarra, P., Mazzoleni, F., Pirani, A., Trabucchi, M., Belardinelli, M., Possenti, M., Spadin, P., Bargagli, A. M., Bartorelli, L., Biagini, C., Capasso, A., Cozzari, M. P., Gainotti, S., Di Palma, A., Gabelli, C., Gambina, G., Gasparini, M. M., Guaita, A., Izzicupo, F., Notarelli, A., Petrini, C., Riva, L., Secreto, P., Stracciari, A., Losito, G., Ciampa, A., Camilli, F. -M., Carnevale, G., Coclite, D., Crestini, A., Della Gatta, F., Distaso, E., Druda, Y., Esposito, S., Fabrizi, E., Fauci, A., Fumagalli, G., Gasparini, M., Giaquinto, F., Locuratolo, N., Lombardo, F., Martelli, G., Matascioli, F., Mennini, S., Milanese, A., Morelli, S., Napoletano, A., Porrello, M. C., Remoli, G., Rivabene, R., Sagliocca, L., Sciattella, P., Vaccaro, R., Valletta, M., Veronese, N., Vignatelli, L., and Zaccaria, V.
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Caregivers ,Financial Management ,Alzheimer Disease ,public health ,Humans ,Dementia ,dementia national plan ,Public Health ,dementia ,caregivers ,humans ,alzheimer disease ,financial management - Abstract
The Italian Fund for Alzheimer's and other dementias was approved and signed in December 2021. The Fund is financed with 15 million euros in three years. The main goal is to provide new strategies in the field of dementia with a Public Health perspective. The Fund includes eight main activities that will be monitored and supervised by the Italian National Institute of Health: 1) development of a guideline for the assessment, management and support for people with dementia and their families/carers; 2) updating of the Dementia National Plan (DNP); 3) implementation of the documents of the DNP; 4) conducting surveys dedicated to the Italian Dementia Services; 5) promotion of dementia prevention strategies; 6) training strategies for healthcare professionals, families and caregivers; 7) creation of a National Electronic Record for Dementia; 8) evaluation and monitoring of activities promoted by Regions and Autonomous Provinces in the field of dementia, together with the dementia National Permanent Table. These activities are outlined in detail in the present paper.
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- 2022
6. Mapping Parallel Genetic Algorithms on WK-Recursive Topologies
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De Falco, I., Del Balio, R., Tarantino, E., Vaccaro, R., Albrecht, Rudolf F., editor, Reeves, Colin R., editor, and Steele, Nigel C., editor
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- 1993
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7. The Dynamics of a Diatom Bloom
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Ryther, J. H., Yentsch, C. S., Hulburt, E. M., and Vaccaro, R. F.
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- 1958
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8. Diurnal Variations in Some Chemical and Biological Properties of the Sargasso Sea
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Ryther, J. H., Menzel, D. W., and Vaccaro, R. F.
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- 1961
9. Education and the moderating roles of age, sex, ethnicity and apolipoprotein epsilon 4 on the risk of cognitive impairment
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Makkar, S.R., Lipnicki, D.M., Crawford, J.D., Kochan, N.A., Castro-Costa, E., Lima-Costa, M.F., Diniz, B.S., Brayne, C., Stephan, B., Matthews, F., Llibre-Rodriguez, J.J., Llibre-Guerra, J.J., Valhuerdi-Cepero, A.J., Lipton, R.B., Katz, M.J., Zammit, A., Ritchie, K., Carles, S., Carriere, I., Scarmeas, N., Yannakoulia, M., Kosmidis, M., Lam, L., Fung, A., Chan, W.C., Guaita, A., Vaccaro, R., Davin, A., Kim, K.W., Han, J.W., Suh, S.W., Riedel-Heller, S.G., Roehr, S., Pabst, A., Ganguli, M., Hughes, T.F., Jacobsen, E.P., Anstey, K.J., Cherbuin, N., Haan, M.N., Aiello, A.E., Dang, K., Kumagai, S., Narazaki, K., Chen, S., Ng, T.P., Gao, Q., Nyunt, M.S.Z., Meguro, K., Yamaguchi, S., Ishii, H., Lobo, A., Lobo Escolar, E., De la Cámara, C., Brodaty, H., Trollor, J.N., Leung, Y., Lo, J.W., Sachdev, P., for, Cohort, Studies, of, Memory, in, an, International, Consortium, (COSMIC), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Fiocruz Minas - René Rachou Research Center / Instituto René Rachou [Belo Horizonte, Brésil], Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), University of Toronto, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Newcastle University [Newcastle], University of Havana (Universidad de la Habana) (UH), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, Universidad de Matanzas, Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York], Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), University of Edinburgh, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hôpital de la Colombière, Columbia University [New York], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Harokopio University of Athens, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Golgi Cenci Foundation, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Youngstown State University (YSU), Australian National University (ANU), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Fukuoka Institute of Technology (FIT), National Center for Global Health and Medicine [Japan] (NCGM), National University of Singapore (NUS), Tohoku University [Sendai], and University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza]
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Apolipoprotein E ,Male ,Aging ,Health (social science) ,Apolipoprotein B ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Apolipoprotein E4 ,Ethnic group ,Cognitive decline ,MESH: Cognitive Dysfunction ,0302 clinical medicine ,MESH: Aged, 80 and over ,MESH: Risk Factors ,Risk Factors ,80 and over ,Ethnicity ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Longitudinal Studies ,MESH: Apolipoprotein E4 ,Cognitive impairment ,MESH: Longitudinal Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,MESH: Aged ,biology ,Hazard ratio ,Educational Status ,MESH: Ethnic Groups ,Female ,Sex ,Clinical Sciences ,Article ,Education ,03 medical and health sciences ,Age ,Clinical Research ,Acquired Cognitive Impairment ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Aged ,MESH: Humans ,030214 geriatrics ,business.industry ,Prevention ,Neurosciences ,Educational attainment ,MESH: Male ,Brain Disorders ,Quality Education ,Ageing ,for Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium ,Geriatrics ,biology.protein ,Dementia ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,MESH: Educational Status ,Gerontology ,MESH: Female ,Demography - Abstract
International audience; Background: We examined how the relationship between education and latelife cognitive impairment (defined as a Mini Mental State Examination score below 24) is influenced by age, sex, ethnicity, and Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (APOE*4).Methods: Participants were 30,785 dementia-free individuals aged 55-103 years, from 18 longitudinal cohort studies, with an average follow-up ranging between 2 and 10 years. Pooled hazard ratios were obtained from multilevel parametric survival analyses predicting cognitive impairment (CI) from education and its interactions with baseline age, sex, APOE*4 and ethnicity. In separate models, education was treated as continuous (years) and categorical, with participants assigned to one of four education completion levels: Incomplete Elementary; Elementary; Middle; and High School.Results: Compared to Elementary, Middle (HR = 0.645, P = 0.004) and High School (HR = 0.472, P < 0.001) education were related to reduced CI risk. The decreased risk of CI associated with Middle education weakened with older baseline age (HR = 1.029, P = 0.056) and was stronger in women than men (HR = 1.309, P = 0.001). The association between High School and lowered CI risk, however, was not moderated by sex or baseline age, but was stronger in Asians than Whites (HR = 1.047, P = 0.044), and significant among Asian (HR = 0.34, P < 0.001) and Black (HR = 0.382, P = 0.016), but not White, APOE*4 carriers.Conclusion: High School completion may reduce risk of CI associated with advancing age and APOE*4. The observed ethnoregional differences in this effect are potentially due to variations in social, economic, and political outcomes associated with educational attainment, in combination with neurobiological and genetic differences, and warrant further study.
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- 2020
10. APOE ε4 and the influence of sex, age, vascular risk factors, and ethnicity on cognitive decline
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Makkar, S.R. Lipnicki, D.M. Crawford, J.D. Kochan, N.A. Castro-Costa, E. Lima-Costa, M.F. Diniz, B.S. Brayne, C. Stephan, B. Matthews, F. Llibre-Rodriguez, J.J. Llibre-Guerra, J.J. Valhuerdi-Cepero, A.J. Lipton, R.B. Katz, M.J. CuilingWang Ritchie, K. Carles, S. Carriere, I. Scarmeas, N. Yannakoulia, M. Kosmidis, M. Lam, L. Chan, W.C. Fung, A. Guaita, A. Vaccaro, R. Davin, A. Kim, K.W. Han, J.W. Suh, S.W. Riedel-Heller, S.G. Roehr, S. Pabst, A. Ganguli, M. Hughes, T.F. Snitz, B. Anstey, K.J. Cherbuin, N. Easteal, S. Haan, M.N. Aiello, A.E. Dang, K. Ng, T.P. Gao, Q. Nyunt, M.S.Z. Brodaty, H. Trollor, J.N. Leung, Y. Lo, J.W. Sachdev, P.
- Abstract
We aimed to examine the relationship between Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE*4) carriage on cognitive decline, and whether these associations were moderated by sex, baseline age, ethnicity, and vascular risk factors. Participants were 19,225 individuals aged 54–103 years from 15 longitudinal cohort studies with a mean follow-up duration ranging between 1.2 and 10.7 years. Two-step individual participant data meta-analysis was used to pool results of study-wise analyses predicting memory and general cognitive decline from carriage of one or two APOE*4 alleles, and moderation of these associations by age, sex, vascular risk factors, and ethnicity. Separate pooled estimates were calculated in both men and women who were younger (ie, 62 years) and older (ie, 80 years) at baseline. Results showed that APOE*4 carriage was related to faster general cognitive decline in women, and faster memory decline in men. A stronger dose-dependent effect was observed in older men, with faster general cognitive and memory decline in those carrying two versus one APOE*4 allele. Vascular risk factors were related to an increased effect of APOE*4 on memory decline in younger women, but a weaker effect of APOE*4 on general cognitive decline in older men. The relationship between APOE*4 carriage and memory decline was larger in older-aged Asians than Whites. In sum, APOE*4 is related to cognitive decline in men and women, although these effects are enhanced by age and carriage of two APOE*4 alleles in men, a higher numbers of vascular risk factors during the early stages of late adulthood in women, and Asian ethnicity. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved.
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- 2020
11. Education and the moderating roles of age, sex, ethnicity and apolipoprotein epsilon 4 on the risk of cognitive impairment
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Makkar, S.R. Lipnicki, D.M. Crawford, J.D. Kochan, N.A. Castro-Costa, E. Lima-Costa, M.F. Diniz, B.S. Brayne, C. Stephan, B. Matthews, F. Llibre-Rodriguez, J.J. Llibre-Guerra, J.J. Valhuerdi-Cepero, A.J. Lipton, R.B. Katz, M.J. Zammit, A. Ritchie, K. Carles, S. Carriere, I. Scarmeas, N. Yannakoulia, M. Kosmidis, M. Lam, L. Fung, A. Chan, W.C. Guaita, A. Vaccaro, R. Davin, A. Kim, K.W. Han, J.W. Suh, S.W. Riedel-Heller, S.G. Roehr, S. Pabst, A. Ganguli, M. Hughes, T.F. Jacobsen, E.P. Anstey, K.J. Cherbuin, N. Haan, M.N. Aiello, A.E. Dang, K. Kumagai, S. Narazaki, K. Chen, S. Ng, T.P. Gao, Q. Nyunt, M.S.Z. Meguro, K. Yamaguchi, S. Ishii, H. Lobo, A. Lobo Escolar, E. De la Cámara, C. Brodaty, H. Trollor, J.N. Leung, Y. Lo, J.W. Sachdev, P. for Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (COSMIC)
- Abstract
Background: We examined how the relationship between education and latelife cognitive impairment (defined as a Mini Mental State Examination score below 24) is influenced by age, sex, ethnicity, and Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (APOE*4). Methods: Participants were 30,785 dementia-free individuals aged 55–103 years, from 18 longitudinal cohort studies, with an average follow-up ranging between 2 and 10 years. Pooled hazard ratios were obtained from multilevel parametric survival analyses predicting cognitive impairment (CI) from education and its interactions with baseline age, sex, APOE*4 and ethnicity. In separate models, education was treated as continuous (years) and categorical, with participants assigned to one of four education completion levels: Incomplete Elementary; Elementary; Middle; and High School. Results: Compared to Elementary, Middle (HR = 0.645, P = 0.004) and High School (HR = 0.472, P < 0.001) education were related to reduced CI risk. The decreased risk of CI associated with Middle education weakened with older baseline age (HR = 1.029, P = 0.056) and was stronger in women than men (HR = 1.309, P = 0.001). The association between High School and lowered CI risk, however, was not moderated by sex or baseline age, but was stronger in Asians than Whites (HR = 1.047, P = 0.044), and significant among Asian (HR = 0.34, P < 0.001) and Black (HR = 0.382, P = 0.016), but not White, APOE*4 carriers. Conclusion: High School completion may reduce risk of CI associated with advancing age and APOE*4. The observed ethnoregional differences in this effect are potentially due to variations in social, economic, and political outcomes associated with educational attainment, in combination with neurobiological and genetic differences, and warrant further study. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
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- 2020
12. Early development of chick embryo respiratory nervous system: an immunohistochemical study
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Vaccaro, R., Parisi Salvi, E., and Renda, T.
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- 2006
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13. APOE ε4 and the influence of sex, age, vascular risk factors, and ethnicity on cognitive decline
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Makkar, SR, Lipnicki, DM, Crawford, JD, Kochan, NA, Castro-Costa, E, Lima-Costa, MF, Diniz, BS, Brayne, C, Stephan, B, Matthews, F, Llibre-Rodriguez, JJ, Llibre-Guerra, JJ, Valhuerdi-Cepero, AJ, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, CuilingWang, Ritchie, K, Carles, S, Carriere, I, Scarmeas, N, Yannakoulia, M, Kosmidis, M, Lam, L, Chan, WC, Fung, A, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Suh, SW, Riedel-Heller, SG, Roehr, S, Pabst, A, Ganguli, M, Hughes, TF, Snitz, B, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Easteal, S, Haan, MN, Aiello, AE, Dang, K, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Nyunt, MSZ, Brodaty, H, Trollor, JN, Leung, Y, Lo, JW, Sachdev, P, Makkar, SR, Lipnicki, DM, Crawford, JD, Kochan, NA, Castro-Costa, E, Lima-Costa, MF, Diniz, BS, Brayne, C, Stephan, B, Matthews, F, Llibre-Rodriguez, JJ, Llibre-Guerra, JJ, Valhuerdi-Cepero, AJ, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, CuilingWang, Ritchie, K, Carles, S, Carriere, I, Scarmeas, N, Yannakoulia, M, Kosmidis, M, Lam, L, Chan, WC, Fung, A, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Suh, SW, Riedel-Heller, SG, Roehr, S, Pabst, A, Ganguli, M, Hughes, TF, Snitz, B, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Easteal, S, Haan, MN, Aiello, AE, Dang, K, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Nyunt, MSZ, Brodaty, H, Trollor, JN, Leung, Y, Lo, JW, and Sachdev, P
- Abstract
We aimed to examine the relationship between Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE*4) carriage on cognitive decline, and whether these associations were moderated by sex, baseline age, ethnicity, and vascular risk factors. Participants were 19,225 individuals aged 54–103 years from 15 longitudinal cohort studies with a mean follow-up duration ranging between 1.2 and 10.7 years. Two-step individual participant data meta-analysis was used to pool results of study-wise analyses predicting memory and general cognitive decline from carriage of one or two APOE*4 alleles, and moderation of these associations by age, sex, vascular risk factors, and ethnicity. Separate pooled estimates were calculated in both men and women who were younger (ie, 62 years) and older (ie, 80 years) at baseline. Results showed that APOE*4 carriage was related to faster general cognitive decline in women, and faster memory decline in men. A stronger dose-dependent effect was observed in older men, with faster general cognitive and memory decline in those carrying two versus one APOE*4 allele. Vascular risk factors were related to an increased effect of APOE*4 on memory decline in younger women, but a weaker effect of APOE*4 on general cognitive decline in older men. The relationship between APOE*4 carriage and memory decline was larger in older-aged Asians than Whites. In sum, APOE*4 is related to cognitive decline in men and women, although these effects are enhanced by age and carriage of two APOE*4 alleles in men, a higher numbers of vascular risk factors during the early stages of late adulthood in women, and Asian ethnicity.
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- 2020
14. Investigation of antihypertensive class, dementia, and cognitive decline: A meta-analysis
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Peters, R, Yasar, S., Anderson, C.S, Andrews, S., Antikainen, R., Arima, H., Beckett, N., Beer, J.C., Bertens, A.S., Booth, A., Boxtel, M. van, Brayne, C., Brodaty, H., Carlson, M.C., Chalmers, J., Corrada, M., DeKosky, S., Derby, C., Dixon, R.A., Forette, F., Ganguli, M., Gool, W.A. van, Guaita, A., Hever, A.M., Hogan, D.B., Jagger, C., Katz, M., Kawas, C., Kehoe, P.G., Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Kenny, R.A., Kohler, S., Kunutsor, S.K., Laukkanen, J., Maxwell, C., McFall, G.P., Middelaar, T. van, Charante, E.P.M. van, Ng, T.P., Peters, Jean, Rawtaer, I., Richard, E., Rockwood, K., Ryden, L., Sachdev, P.S., Skoog, I., Skoog, J., Staessen, J.A., Stephan, B.C., Sebert, S., Thijs, L., Trompet, S., Tully, P.J., Tzourio, C., Vaccaro, R., Vaaramo, E., Walsh, E., Warwick, J., Anstey, K.J., Peters, R, Yasar, S., Anderson, C.S, Andrews, S., Antikainen, R., Arima, H., Beckett, N., Beer, J.C., Bertens, A.S., Booth, A., Boxtel, M. van, Brayne, C., Brodaty, H., Carlson, M.C., Chalmers, J., Corrada, M., DeKosky, S., Derby, C., Dixon, R.A., Forette, F., Ganguli, M., Gool, W.A. van, Guaita, A., Hever, A.M., Hogan, D.B., Jagger, C., Katz, M., Kawas, C., Kehoe, P.G., Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Kenny, R.A., Kohler, S., Kunutsor, S.K., Laukkanen, J., Maxwell, C., McFall, G.P., Middelaar, T. van, Charante, E.P.M. van, Ng, T.P., Peters, Jean, Rawtaer, I., Richard, E., Rockwood, K., Ryden, L., Sachdev, P.S., Skoog, I., Skoog, J., Staessen, J.A., Stephan, B.C., Sebert, S., Thijs, L., Trompet, S., Tully, P.J., Tzourio, C., Vaccaro, R., Vaaramo, E., Walsh, E., Warwick, J., and Anstey, K.J.
- Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext, OBJECTIVE: High blood pressure is one of the main modifiable risk factors for dementia. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the best antihypertensive class for optimizing cognition. Our objective was to determine whether any particular antihypertensive class was associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline or dementia using comprehensive meta-analysis including reanalysis of original participant data. METHODS: To identify suitable studies, MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO and preexisting study consortia were searched from inception to December 2017. Authors of prospective longitudinal human studies or trials of antihypertensives were contacted for data sharing and collaboration. Outcome measures were incident dementia or incident cognitive decline (classified using the reliable change index method). Data were separated into mid and late-life (>65 years) and each antihypertensive class was compared to no treatment and to treatment with other antihypertensives. Meta-analysis was used to synthesize data. RESULTS: Over 50,000 participants from 27 studies were included. Among those aged >65 years, with the exception of diuretics, we found no relationship by class with incident cognitive decline or dementia. Diuretic use was suggestive of benefit in some analyses but results were not consistent across follow-up time, comparator group, and outcome. Limited data precluded meaningful analyses in those =65 years of age. CONCLUSION: Our findings, drawn from the current evidence base, support clinical freedom in the selection of antihypertensive regimens to achieve blood pressure goals. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: The review was registered with the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), registration number CRD42016045454.
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- 2020
15. Estimating prevalence of subjective cognitive decline in and across international cohort studies of aging: a COSMIC study
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Röhr, S, Pabst, A, Riedel-Heller, SG, Jessen, F, Turana, Y, Handajani, YS, Brayne, C, Matthews, FE, Stephan, BCM, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Wang, C, Guerchet, M, Preux, PM, Mbelesso, P, Ritchie, K, Ancelin, ML, Carrière, I, Guaita, A, Davin, A, Vaccaro, R, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Suh, SW, Shahar, S, Din, NC, Vanoh, D, van Boxtel, M, Köhler, S, Ganguli, M, Jacobsen, EP, Snitz, BE, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Kumagai, S, Chen, S, Narazaki, K, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Gwee, X, Brodaty, H, Kochan, NA, Trollor, J, Lobo, A, López-Antón, R, Santabárbara, J, Crawford, JD, Lipnicki, DM, Sachdev, PS, Röhr, S, Pabst, A, Riedel-Heller, SG, Jessen, F, Turana, Y, Handajani, YS, Brayne, C, Matthews, FE, Stephan, BCM, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Wang, C, Guerchet, M, Preux, PM, Mbelesso, P, Ritchie, K, Ancelin, ML, Carrière, I, Guaita, A, Davin, A, Vaccaro, R, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Suh, SW, Shahar, S, Din, NC, Vanoh, D, van Boxtel, M, Köhler, S, Ganguli, M, Jacobsen, EP, Snitz, BE, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Kumagai, S, Chen, S, Narazaki, K, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Gwee, X, Brodaty, H, Kochan, NA, Trollor, J, Lobo, A, López-Antón, R, Santabárbara, J, Crawford, JD, Lipnicki, DM, and Sachdev, PS
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Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is recognized as a risk stage for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias, but its prevalence is not well known. We aimed to use uniform criteria to better estimate SCD prevalence across international cohorts. Methods: We combined individual participant data for 16 cohorts from 15 countries (members of the COSMIC consortium) and used qualitative and quantitative (Item Response Theory/IRT) harmonization techniques to estimate SCD prevalence. Results: The sample comprised 39,387 cognitively unimpaired individuals above age 60. The prevalence of SCD across studies was around one quarter with both qualitative harmonization/QH (23.8%, 95%CI = 23.3–24.4%) and IRT (25.6%, 95%CI = 25.1–26.1%); however, prevalence estimates varied largely between studies (QH 6.1%, 95%CI = 5.1–7.0%, to 52.7%, 95%CI = 47.4–58.0%; IRT: 7.8%, 95%CI = 6.8–8.9%, to 52.7%, 95%CI = 47.4–58.0%). Across studies, SCD prevalence was higher in men than women, in lower levels of education, in Asian and Black African people compared to White people, in lower- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries, and in studies conducted in later decades. Conclusions: SCD is frequent in old age. Having a quarter of older individuals with SCD warrants further investigation of its significance, as a risk stage for AD and other dementias, and of ways to help individuals with SCD who seek medical advice. Moreover, a standardized instrument to measure SCD is needed to overcome the measurement variability currently dominant in the field.
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- 2020
16. Education and the moderating roles of age, sex, ethnicity and apolipoprotein epsilon 4 on the risk of cognitive impairment
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Makkar, SR, Lipnicki, DM, Crawford, JD, Kochan, NA, Castro-Costa, E, Lima-Costa, MF, Diniz, BS, Brayne, C, Stephan, B, Matthews, F, Llibre-Rodriguez, JJ, Llibre-Guerra, JJ, Valhuerdi-Cepero, AJ, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Zammit, A, Ritchie, K, Carles, S, Carriere, I, Scarmeas, N, Yannakoulia, M, Kosmidis, M, Lam, L, Fung, A, Chan, WC, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Suh, SW, Riedel-Heller, SG, Roehr, S, Pabst, A, Ganguli, M, Hughes, TF, Jacobsen, EP, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Haan, MN, Aiello, AE, Dang, K, Kumagai, S, Narazaki, K, Chen, S, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Nyunt, MSZ, Meguro, K, Yamaguchi, S, Ishii, H, Lobo, A, Lobo Escolar, E, De la Cámara, C, Brodaty, H, Trollor, JN, Leung, Y, Lo, JW, Sachdev, P, Makkar, SR, Lipnicki, DM, Crawford, JD, Kochan, NA, Castro-Costa, E, Lima-Costa, MF, Diniz, BS, Brayne, C, Stephan, B, Matthews, F, Llibre-Rodriguez, JJ, Llibre-Guerra, JJ, Valhuerdi-Cepero, AJ, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Zammit, A, Ritchie, K, Carles, S, Carriere, I, Scarmeas, N, Yannakoulia, M, Kosmidis, M, Lam, L, Fung, A, Chan, WC, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Suh, SW, Riedel-Heller, SG, Roehr, S, Pabst, A, Ganguli, M, Hughes, TF, Jacobsen, EP, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Haan, MN, Aiello, AE, Dang, K, Kumagai, S, Narazaki, K, Chen, S, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Nyunt, MSZ, Meguro, K, Yamaguchi, S, Ishii, H, Lobo, A, Lobo Escolar, E, De la Cámara, C, Brodaty, H, Trollor, JN, Leung, Y, Lo, JW, and Sachdev, P
- Abstract
Background: We examined how the relationship between education and latelife cognitive impairment (defined as a Mini Mental State Examination score below 24) is influenced by age, sex, ethnicity, and Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (APOE*4). Methods: Participants were 30,785 dementia-free individuals aged 55–103 years, from 18 longitudinal cohort studies, with an average follow-up ranging between 2 and 10 years. Pooled hazard ratios were obtained from multilevel parametric survival analyses predicting cognitive impairment (CI) from education and its interactions with baseline age, sex, APOE*4 and ethnicity. In separate models, education was treated as continuous (years) and categorical, with participants assigned to one of four education completion levels: Incomplete Elementary; Elementary; Middle; and High School. Results: Compared to Elementary, Middle (HR = 0.645, P = 0.004) and High School (HR = 0.472, P < 0.001) education were related to reduced CI risk. The decreased risk of CI associated with Middle education weakened with older baseline age (HR = 1.029, P = 0.056) and was stronger in women than men (HR = 1.309, P = 0.001). The association between High School and lowered CI risk, however, was not moderated by sex or baseline age, but was stronger in Asians than Whites (HR = 1.047, P = 0.044), and significant among Asian (HR = 0.34, P < 0.001) and Black (HR = 0.382, P = 0.016), but not White, APOE*4 carriers. Conclusion: High School completion may reduce risk of CI associated with advancing age and APOE*4. The observed ethnoregional differences in this effect are potentially due to variations in social, economic, and political outcomes associated with educational attainment, in combination with neurobiological and genetic differences, and warrant further study.
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- 2020
17. An investigation of antihypertensive class, dementia, and cognitive decline
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Peters, R, Yasar, S, Anderson, CS, Andrews, S, Antikainen, R, Arima, H, Beckett, N, Beer, JC, Bertens, AS, Booth, A, van Boxtel, M, Brayne, C, Brodaty, H, Carlson, MC, Chalmers, J, Corrada, M, DeKosky, S, Derby, C, Dixon, RA, Forette, F, Ganguli, M, van Gool, WA, Guaita, A, Hever, AM, Hogan, DB, Jagger, C, Katz, M, Kawas, C, Kehoe, PG, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kenny, RA, Köhler, S, Kunutsor, SK, Laukkanen, J, Maxwell, C, McFall, GP, van Middelaar, T, Moll van Charante, EP, Ng, T-P, Peters, J, Rawtaer, I, Richard, E, Rockwood, K, Rydén, L, Sachdev, PS, Skoog, I, Skoog, J, Staessen, JA, Stephan, BCM, Sebert, S, Thijs, L, Trompet, S, Tully, PJ, Tzourio, C, Vaccaro, R, Vaaramo, E, Walsh, E, Warwick, J, Anstey, KJ, Peters, R, Yasar, S, Anderson, CS, Andrews, S, Antikainen, R, Arima, H, Beckett, N, Beer, JC, Bertens, AS, Booth, A, van Boxtel, M, Brayne, C, Brodaty, H, Carlson, MC, Chalmers, J, Corrada, M, DeKosky, S, Derby, C, Dixon, RA, Forette, F, Ganguli, M, van Gool, WA, Guaita, A, Hever, AM, Hogan, DB, Jagger, C, Katz, M, Kawas, C, Kehoe, PG, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kenny, RA, Köhler, S, Kunutsor, SK, Laukkanen, J, Maxwell, C, McFall, GP, van Middelaar, T, Moll van Charante, EP, Ng, T-P, Peters, J, Rawtaer, I, Richard, E, Rockwood, K, Rydén, L, Sachdev, PS, Skoog, I, Skoog, J, Staessen, JA, Stephan, BCM, Sebert, S, Thijs, L, Trompet, S, Tully, PJ, Tzourio, C, Vaccaro, R, Vaaramo, E, Walsh, E, Warwick, J, and Anstey, KJ
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- 2020
18. A cross-national study of depression in preclinical dementia: A COSMIC collaboration study
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Carles, S, Carrière, I, Reppermund, S, Davin, A, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Ganguli, M, Jacobsen, EP, Beer, JC, Riedel-Heller, SG, Roehr, S, Pabst, A, Haan, MN, Brodaty, H, Kochan, NA, Trollor, JN, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Suh, SW, Lobo, A, la Camara, CD, Lobo, E, Lipnicki, DM, Sachdev, PS, Ancelin, ML, Ritchie, K, Carles, S, Carrière, I, Reppermund, S, Davin, A, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Ganguli, M, Jacobsen, EP, Beer, JC, Riedel-Heller, SG, Roehr, S, Pabst, A, Haan, MN, Brodaty, H, Kochan, NA, Trollor, JN, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Suh, SW, Lobo, A, la Camara, CD, Lobo, E, Lipnicki, DM, Sachdev, PS, Ancelin, ML, and Ritchie, K
- Abstract
Introduction: Depression commonly accompanies Alzheimer's disease, but the nature of this association remains uncertain. Methods: Longitudinal data from the COSMIC consortium were harmonized for eight population-based cohorts from four continents. Incident dementia was diagnosed in 646 participants, with a median follow-up time of 5.6 years to diagnosis. The association between years to dementia diagnosis and successive depressive states was assessed using a mixed effect logistic regression model. A generic inverse variance method was used to group study results, construct forest plots, and generate heterogeneity statistics. Results: A common trajectory was observed showing an increase in the incidence of depression as the time to dementia diagnosis decreased despite cross-national variability in depression rates. Discussion: The results support the hypothesis that depression occurring in the preclinical phases of dementia is more likely to be attributable to dementia-related brain changes than environment or reverse causality.
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- 2020
19. Doll therapy intervention for women with dementia living in nursing homes: a randomized single-blind controlled trial protocol
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Vaccaro, R, Ballabio, R, Molteni, V, Ceppi, L, Ferrari, B, Cantù, M, Zaccaria, D, Vandoni, C, Ardito, R, Adenzato, M, Poletti, B, Guaita, A, Pezzati, R, Vaccaro, Roberta, Ballabio, Roberta, Molteni, Valentina, Ceppi, Laura, Ferrari, Benedetta, Cantù, Marco, Zaccaria, Daniele, Vandoni, Carla, Ardito, Rita Bianca, Adenzato, Mauro, Poletti, Barbara, Guaita, Antonio, Pezzati, Rita, Vaccaro, R, Ballabio, R, Molteni, V, Ceppi, L, Ferrari, B, Cantù, M, Zaccaria, D, Vandoni, C, Ardito, R, Adenzato, M, Poletti, B, Guaita, A, Pezzati, R, Vaccaro, Roberta, Ballabio, Roberta, Molteni, Valentina, Ceppi, Laura, Ferrari, Benedetta, Cantù, Marco, Zaccaria, Daniele, Vandoni, Carla, Ardito, Rita Bianca, Adenzato, Mauro, Poletti, Barbara, Guaita, Antonio, and Pezzati, Rita
- Abstract
Background: Doll therapy is a non-pharmacological intervention for people with dementia aimed to reduce distressing behaviours. Reliable results on the efficacy of Doll therapy for people with dementia are needed. The concept of attachment theorised by Bowlby has been proposed to explain the Doll therapy process, but it has not been proven to influence the response to doll presentation.Methods/design: This single-blind, randomised controlled trial will involve people with dementia living in nursing homes of the Canton Ticino (Switzerland). Participants will be randomised to one of two interventions: Doll Therapy Intervention or Sham Intervention with a non-anthropomorphic object, using a 1:1 allocation ratio. The two interventions will consist of 30 daily sessions lasting an hour at most, led by a trained nurse for an hour at most. We will enrol 64 participants per group, according to power analysis using an estimated medium effect size (f = 0.25), an alpha level of 0.05, and a power of 0.8. The primary goal is to test the efficacy of the Doll Therapy Intervention versus the Sham Intervention as the net change in the following measures from baseline to 30 days (blinded outcomes): the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home administered by a trained psychologist blinded to group assignment, the professional caregivers' perceived stress scale of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home, patients' physiological indices of stress (salivary cortisol, blood pressure and heart rate) and interactive behaviours. The secondary goal is to assess the relationship between attachment styles of people with dementia (detected by means of the Adult Attachment Interview to the patients' offspring) and their caregiving behaviours shown during the Doll Therapy Intervention.Discussion: This is the first single-blind, randomised controlled trial on the efficacy of Doll therapy for dementia and an explanatory model of the response of people with dementia to doll presentation.
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- 2020
20. Manuale di metodologia per le terapie non farmacologiche con le persone affette da demenza. L'esempio concreto della terapia della bambola empatica
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Pezzati, R, Molteni, V, Ballabio, R, Ceppi, L, Vaccaro, R, Pezzati, R, Molteni, V, Ballabio, R, Ceppi, L, and Vaccaro, R
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- 2020
21. Assessing the impact of Social Networking Site use on older people's loneliness and social isolation. A randomized controlled trial: The Aging in a Networked Society-Social Experiment Study (ANS-SE)
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Zaccaria, D, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Casanova, G, Abbondanza, S, Pettinato, L, Cerati, G, Rolandi, E, Sala, E, Zaccaria, Daniele, Guaita, Antonio, Vaccaro, Roberta, Casanova, Georgia, Abbondanza, Simona, Pettinato, Laura, Cerati, Gabriele, Rolandi, Elena, Sala, Emanuela, Zaccaria, D, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Casanova, G, Abbondanza, S, Pettinato, L, Cerati, G, Rolandi, E, Sala, E, Zaccaria, Daniele, Guaita, Antonio, Vaccaro, Roberta, Casanova, Georgia, Abbondanza, Simona, Pettinato, Laura, Cerati, Gabriele, Rolandi, Elena, and Sala, Emanuela
- Abstract
Introduction: An ageing society poses unprecedented challenges to societies. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), including Social Networking Sites (SNSs), may contribute to contrast loneliness and social isolation in old age. Despite of the potentialities of SNSs, there is only a handful of studies assessing the causal relationship of SNS use and older people's well-being. This paper aims to provide further evidence on the design of randomised controlled trials exploring the causal impact of SNS use on loneliness and social isolation in old age. Methods and analysis: The Aging in a Networked Society-Social Experiment Study (ANS-SE) is a randomised controlled trial conducted on people aged 75 and over residing in a town located in the Milan area (Italy) aiming to assess the impact of SNS use on loneliness and social isolation (i.e. the primary outcomes of this study). The study is constituted of two stages, i.e. the baseline and the follow up. The experiment is structured into one treatment group and two control groups; the interventions are the attendance to a course on SNS use (T1) and lifestyle education and brain functioning (C1). The inactive control group (C) is constituted of a waiting list. We will perform bivariate and regression analysis. Ethics and dissemination: The study has been approved by the Ethic Committee of the University of Milano Bicocca (prot. 431/2019) and was registered at Clinical Trials.gov (NCT04242628). Written consent was obtained from all respondents. Results from the study will be discussed with the local community and stakeholders, presented in national and international conferences and published in leading peer-review journals. The consent forms, the anonymised dataset, and the relevant statistical codes will be deposited with the Italian Unidata archive, also in charge of releasing the data to the public, upon a short embargo period.
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- 2020
22. Nervous system development in normal and atresic chick embryo intestine: an immunohistochemical study
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Parisi Salvi, E., Vaccaro, R., Baglaj, S. M., and Renda, T.
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- 2004
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23. Ontogeny of guanylin-immunoreactive cells in rat salivary glands
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Vaccaro, R., Cetin, Y., and Renda, T. G.
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- 2004
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24. THE DYNAMICS OF A DIATOM BLOOM
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Ryther, J H, Yentsch, C S, Hulburt, E M, Vaccaro, R F, and BioStor
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- 1958
25. An Adaptive Routing Algorithm for WK-Recursive Topologies
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Verdoscia, L. and Vaccaro, R.
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- 1999
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26. Technology usage among elderly with self-reported hearing disability: Results from InveCe.Ab
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Colombo, M., primary, Vaccaro, R., additional, Abbondanza, S., additional, Rolandi, E., additional, Pettinato, L., additional, and Guaita, A., additional
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- 2020
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27. A High-Level Dataflow System
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Verdoscia, L. and Vaccaro, R.
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- 1998
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28. Determinants of cognitive performance and decline in 20 diverse ethno-regional groups: A COSMIC collaboration cohort study
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Lipnicki, D.M. Makkar, S.R. Crawford, J.D. Thalamuthu, A. Kochan, N.A. Lima-Costa, M.F. Castro-Costa, E. Ferri, C.P. Brayne, C. Stephan, B. Llibre-Rodriguez, J.J. Llibre-Guerra, J.J. Valhuerdi-Cepero, A.J. Lipton, R.B. Katz, M.J. Derby, C.A. Ritchie, K. Ancelin, M.-L. Carrière, I. Scarmeas, N. Yannakoulia, M. Hadjigeorgiou, G.M. Lam, L. Chan, W.-C. Fung, A. Guaita, A. Vaccaro, R. Davin, A. Kim, K.W. Han, J.W. Suh, S.W. Riedel-Heller, S.G. Roehr, S. Pabst, A. van Boxtel, M. Köhler, S. Deckers, K. Ganguli, M. Jacobsen, E.P. Hughes, T.F. Anstey, K.J. Cherbuin, N. Haan, M.N. Aiello, A.E. Dang, K. Kumagai, S. Chen, T. Narazaki, K. Ng, T.P. Gao, Q. Nyunt, M.S.Z. Scazufca, M. Brodaty, H. Numbers, K. Trollor, J.N. Meguro, K. Yamaguchi, S. Ishii, H. Lobo, A. Lopez-Anton, R. Santabárbara, J. Leung, Y. Lo, J.W. Popovic, G. Sachdev, P.S. Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (COSMIC)
- Abstract
Background: With no effective treatments for cognitive decline or dementia, improving the evidence base for modifiable risk factors is a research priority. This study investigated associations between risk factors and late-life cognitive decline on a global scale, including comparisons between ethno-regional groups. Methods and findings: We harmonized longitudinal data from 20 population-based cohorts from 15 countries over 5 continents, including 48,522 individuals (58.4% women) aged 54–105 (mean = 72.7) years and without dementia at baseline. Studies had 2–15 years of follow-up. The risk factors investigated were age, sex, education, alcohol consumption, anxiety, apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE*4) status, atrial fibrillation, blood pressure and pulse pressure, body mass index, cardiovascular disease, depression, diabetes, self-rated health, high cholesterol, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, physical activity, smoking, and history of stroke. Associations with risk factors were determined for a global cognitive composite outcome (memory, language, processing speed, and executive functioning tests) and Mini-Mental State Examination score. Individual participant data meta-analyses of multivariable linear mixed model results pooled across cohorts revealed that for at least 1 cognitive outcome, age (B = −0.1, SE = 0.01), APOE*4 carriage (B = −0.31, SE = 0.11), depression (B = −0.11, SE = 0.06), diabetes (B = −0.23, SE = 0.10), current smoking (B = −0.20, SE = 0.08), and history of stroke (B = −0.22, SE = 0.09) were independently associated with poorer cognitive performance (p < 0.05 for all), and higher levels of education (B = 0.12, SE = 0.02) and vigorous physical activity (B = 0.17, SE = 0.06) were associated with better performance (p < 0.01 for both). Age (B = −0.07, SE = 0.01), APOE*4 carriage (B = −0.41, SE = 0.18), and diabetes (B = −0.18, SE = 0.10) were independently associated with faster cognitive decline (p < 0.05 for all). Different effects between Asian people and white people included stronger associations for Asian people between ever smoking and poorer cognition (group by risk factor interaction: B = −0.24, SE = 0.12), and between diabetes and cognitive decline (B = −0.66, SE = 0.27; p < 0.05 for both). Limitations of our study include a loss or distortion of risk factor data with harmonization, and not investigating factors at midlife. Conclusions: These results suggest that education, smoking, physical activity, diabetes, and stroke are all modifiable factors associated with cognitive decline. If these factors are determined to be causal, controlling them could minimize worldwide levels of cognitive decline. However, any global prevention strategy may need to consider ethno-regional differences. © 2019 Lipnicki et al.
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- 2019
29. Determinants of cognitive performance and decline in 20 diverse ethno-regional groups: A COSMIC collaboration cohort study
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Leung, Y., Lo, J.W., Sachdev, P.S., Carrière, I., Ng, T.P., Numbers, K., van Boxtel, M., Lobo, A., Ishii, H., Jacobsen, E.P., Katz, M.J., Nyunt, M.S.Z., Hughes, T.F., Riedel-Heller, S.G., Trollor, J.N., Stephan, B., Makkar, S.R., Scazufca, M., Köhler, S., Fung, A., Thalamuthu, A., Roehr, S., Valhuerdi-Cepero, A.J., Lima-Costa, M.F., Narazaki, K., Kim, K.W., Lipton, R.B., Ritchie, K., Brayne, C., Chen, T., Ancelin, M.-L., Chan, W.-C., Davin, A., Brodaty, H., Pabst, A., Castro-Costa, E., Deckers, K., Guaita, A., Popovic, G., Lipnicki, D.M., Santabárbara, J., Ferri, C.P., Llibre-Guerra, J.J., Haan, M.N., Meguro, K., Han, J.W., Yannakoulia, M., Cherbuin, N., Kochan, N.A., Lam, L., Suh, S.W., Gao, Q., Anstey, K.J., Aiello, A.E., Vaccaro, R., Ganguli, M., Hadjigeorgiou, G.M., Dang, K., Crawford, J.D., Kumagai, S., Derby, C.A., Llibre-Rodriguez, J.J., Scarmeas, N., and Lopez-Anton, R.
- Abstract
Background: With no effective treatments for cognitive decline or dementia, improving the evidence base for modifiable risk factors is a research priority. This study investigated associations between risk factors and late-life cognitive decline on a global scale, including comparisons between ethno-regional groups. Methods and findings: We harmonized longitudinal data from 20 population-based cohorts from 15 countries over 5 continents, including 48,522 individuals (58.4% women) aged 54–105 (mean = 72.7) years and without dementia at baseline. Studies had 2–15 years of follow-up. The risk factors investigated were age, sex, education, alcohol consumption, anxiety, apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE*4) status, atrial fibrillation, blood pressure and pulse pressure, body mass index, cardiovascular disease, depression, diabetes, self-rated health, high cholesterol, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, physical activity, smoking, and history of stroke. Associations with risk factors were determined for a global cognitive composite outcome (memory, language, processing speed, and executive functioning tests) and Mini-Mental State Examination score. Individual participant data meta-analyses of multivariable linear mixed model results pooled across cohorts revealed that for at least 1 cognitive outcome, age (B = −0.1, SE = 0.01), APOE*4 carriage (B = −0.31, SE = 0.11), depression (B = −0.11, SE = 0.06), diabetes (B = −0.23, SE = 0.10), current smoking (B = −0.20, SE = 0.08), and history of stroke (B = −0.22, SE = 0.09) were independently associated with poorer cognitive performance (p < 0.05 for all), and higher levels of education (B = 0.12, SE = 0.02) and vigorous physical activity (B = 0.17, SE = 0.06) were associated with better performance (p < 0.01 for both). Age (B = −0.07, SE = 0.01), APOE*4 carriage (B = −0.41, SE = 0.18), and diabetes (B = −0.18, SE = 0.10) were independently associated with faster cognitive decline (p < 0.05 for all). Different effects between Asian people and white people included stronger associations for Asian people between ever smoking and poorer cognition (group by risk factor interaction: B = −0.24, SE = 0.12), and between diabetes and cognitive decline (B = −0.66, SE = 0.27; p < 0.05 for both). Limitations of our study include a loss or distortion of risk factor data with harmonization, and not investigating factors at midlife. Conclusions: These results suggest that education, smoking, physical activity, diabetes, and stroke are all modifiable factors associated with cognitive decline. If these factors are determined to be causal, controlling them could minimize worldwide levels of cognitive decline. However, any global prevention strategy may need to consider ethno-regional differences.
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Determinants of cognitive performance and decline in 20 diverse ethno-regional groups: A COSMIC collaboration cohort study
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Lipnicki, DM, Makkar, SR, Crawford, JD, Thalamuthu, A, Kochan, NA, Lima-Costa, MF, Castro-Costa, E, Ferri, CP, Brayne, C, Stephan, B, Llibre-Rodriguez, JJ, Llibre-Guerra, JJ, Valhuerdi-Cepero, AJ, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Derby, CA, Ritchie, K, Ancelin, M-L, Carrière, I, Scarmeas, N, Yannakoulia, M, Hadjigeorgiou, GM, Lam, L, Chan, W-C, Fung, A, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Suh, SW, Riedel-Heller, SG, Roehr, S, Pabst, A, van Boxtel, M, Köhler, S, Deckers, K, Ganguli, M, Jacobsen, EP, Hughes, TF, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Haan, MN, Aiello, AE, Dang, K, Kumagai, S, Chen, T, Narazaki, K, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Nyunt, MSZ, Scazufca, M, Brodaty, H, Numbers, K, Trollor, JN, Meguro, K, Yamaguchi, S, Ishii, H, Lobo, A, Lopez-Anton, R, Santabárbara, J, Leung, Y, Lo, JW, Popovic, G, Sachdev, PS, Lipnicki, DM, Makkar, SR, Crawford, JD, Thalamuthu, A, Kochan, NA, Lima-Costa, MF, Castro-Costa, E, Ferri, CP, Brayne, C, Stephan, B, Llibre-Rodriguez, JJ, Llibre-Guerra, JJ, Valhuerdi-Cepero, AJ, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Derby, CA, Ritchie, K, Ancelin, M-L, Carrière, I, Scarmeas, N, Yannakoulia, M, Hadjigeorgiou, GM, Lam, L, Chan, W-C, Fung, A, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Suh, SW, Riedel-Heller, SG, Roehr, S, Pabst, A, van Boxtel, M, Köhler, S, Deckers, K, Ganguli, M, Jacobsen, EP, Hughes, TF, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Haan, MN, Aiello, AE, Dang, K, Kumagai, S, Chen, T, Narazaki, K, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Nyunt, MSZ, Scazufca, M, Brodaty, H, Numbers, K, Trollor, JN, Meguro, K, Yamaguchi, S, Ishii, H, Lobo, A, Lopez-Anton, R, Santabárbara, J, Leung, Y, Lo, JW, Popovic, G, and Sachdev, PS
- Published
- 2019
31. Visual memory tests enhance the identification of amnestic MCI cases at greater risk of Alzheimer's disease
- Author
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Oltra-Cucarella, J, Sánchez-Sansegundo, M, Lipnicki, DM, Crawford, JD, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Zammit, AR, Scarmeas, N, Dardiotis, E, Kosmidis, MH, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Kochan, NA, Brodaty, H, Pérez-Vicente, JA, Cabello-Rodríguez, L, Sachdev, PS, Ferrer-Cascales, R, Oltra-Cucarella, J, Sánchez-Sansegundo, M, Lipnicki, DM, Crawford, JD, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Zammit, AR, Scarmeas, N, Dardiotis, E, Kosmidis, MH, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Kochan, NA, Brodaty, H, Pérez-Vicente, JA, Cabello-Rodríguez, L, Sachdev, PS, and Ferrer-Cascales, R
- Abstract
Objectives: To investigate whether amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) identified with visual memory tests conveys an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (risk-AD) and if the risk-AD differs from that associated with aMCI based on verbal memory tests.Participants: 4,771 participants aged 70.76 (SD = 6.74, 45.4% females) from five community-based studies, each a member of the international COSMIC consortium and from a different country, were classified as having normal cognition (NC) or one of visual, verbal, or combined (visual and verbal) aMCI using international criteria and followed for an average of 2.48 years. Hazard ratios (HR) and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis analyzed the risk-AD with age, sex, education, single/multiple domain aMCI, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores as covariates.Results: All aMCI groups (n = 760) had a greater risk-AD than NC (n = 4,011; HR range = 3.66-9.25). The risk-AD was not different between visual (n = 208, 17 converters) and verbal aMCI (n = 449, 29 converters, HR = 1.70, 95%CI: 0.88, 3.27, p = 0.111). Combined aMCI (n = 103, 12 converters, HR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.13, 4.84, p = 0.023) had a higher risk-AD than verbal aMCI. Age and MMSE scores were related to the risk-AD. The IPD meta-analyses replicated these results, though with slightly lower HR estimates (HR range = 3.68, 7.43) for aMCI vs. NC.Conclusions: Although verbal aMCI was most common, a significant proportion of participants had visual-only or combined visual and verbal aMCI. Compared with verbal aMCI, the risk-AD was the same for visual aMCI and higher for combined aMCI. Our results highlight the importance of including both verbal and visual memory tests in neuropsychological assessments to more reliably identify aMCI.
- Published
- 2019
32. The Doll Therapy Study on Efficacy for People with Dementia Living in Nursing Homes: Preliminary Results from a Randomized Single-Blind Controlled Trial
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Vaccaro, R, Molteni, V, Ballabio, R, Ceppi, L, Tropea, E, Cantù, M, Bani, M, Zaccaria, D, Rolandi, E, Guaita, A, Pezzati, R, Vaccaro, Roberta, Molteni, Valentina, Ballabio, Roberta, Ceppi, Laura, Tropea, Erika, Cantù, Marco, Bani, Marco, Zaccaria, Daniele, Rolandi, Elena, Guaita, Antonio, Pezzati, Rita, Vaccaro, R, Molteni, V, Ballabio, R, Ceppi, L, Tropea, E, Cantù, M, Bani, M, Zaccaria, D, Rolandi, E, Guaita, A, Pezzati, R, Vaccaro, Roberta, Molteni, Valentina, Ballabio, Roberta, Ceppi, Laura, Tropea, Erika, Cantù, Marco, Bani, Marco, Zaccaria, Daniele, Rolandi, Elena, Guaita, Antonio, and Pezzati, Rita
- Published
- 2019
33. FULLY CONNECTED NEURAL NETWORKS: SIMULATION ON MASSIVELY PARALLEL COMPUTERS
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d'Acierno, A., primary, Del Balio, R., additional, and Vaccaro, R., additional
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. CD40 ligand expression on the surface of colostral T cells
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Bertotto, A., Castellucci, G., Radicioni, M., Bartolucci, M., and Vaccaro, R.
- Published
- 1996
35. Age-related cognitive decline and associations with sex, education and apolipoprotein E genotype across ethnocultural groups and geographic regions: a collaborative cohort study
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Lipnicki, D.M. Crawford, J.D. Dutta, R. Thalamuthu, A. Kochan, N.A. Andrews, G. Lima-Costa, M.F. Castro-Costa, E. Brayne, C. Matthews, F.E. Stephan, B.C.M. Lipton, R.B. Katz, M.J. Ritchie, K. Scali, J. Ancelin, M.-L. Scarmeas, N. Yannakoulia, M. Dardiotis, E. Lam, L.C.W. Wong, C.H.Y. Fung, A.W.T. Guaita, A. Vaccaro, R. Davin, A. Kim, K.W. Han, J.W. Kim, T.H. Anstey, K.J. Cherbuin, N. Butterworth, P. Scazufca, M. Kumagai, S. Chen, S. Narazaki, K. Ng, T.P. Gao, Q. Reppermund, S. Brodaty, H. Lobo, A. Lopez-Anton, R. Santabárbara, J. Sachdev, P.S. Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (COSMIC)
- Abstract
Background: The prevalence of dementia varies around the world, potentially contributed to by international differences in rates of age-related cognitive decline. Our primary goal was to investigate how rates of age-related decline in cognitive test performance varied among international cohort studies of cognitive aging. We also determined the extent to which sex, educational attainment, and apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE*4) carrier status were associated with decline. Methods and findings: We harmonized longitudinal data for 14 cohorts from 12 countries (Australia, Brazil, France, Greece, Hong Kong, Italy, Japan, Singapore, Spain, South Korea, United Kingdom, United States), for a total of 42,170 individuals aged 54–105 y (42% male), including 3.3% with dementia at baseline. The studies began between 1989 and 2011, with all but three ongoing, and each had 2–16 assessment waves (median = 3) and a follow-up duration of 2–15 y. We analyzed standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and memory, processing speed, language, and executive functioning test scores using linear mixed models, adjusted for sex and education, and meta-analytic techniques. Performance on all cognitive measures declined with age, with the most rapid rate of change pooled across cohorts a moderate -0.26 standard deviations per decade (SD/decade) (95% confidence interval [CI] [-0.35, -0.16], p < 0.001) for processing speed. Rates of decline accelerated slightly with age, with executive functioning showing the largest additional rate of decline with every further decade of age (-0.07 SD/decade, 95% CI [-0.10, -0.03], p = 0.002). There was a considerable degree of heterogeneity in the associations across cohorts, including a slightly faster decline (p = 0.021) on the MMSE for Asians (-0.20 SD/decade, 95% CI [-0.28, -0.12], p < 0.001) than for whites (-0.09 SD/decade, 95% CI [-0.16, -0.02], p = 0.009). Males declined on the MMSE at a slightly slower rate than females (difference = 0.023 SD/decade, 95% CI [0.011, 0.035], p < 0.001), and every additional year of education was associated with a rate of decline slightly slower for the MMSE (0.004 SD/decade less, 95% CI [0.002, 0.006], p = 0.001), but slightly faster for language (-0.007 SD/decade more, 95% CI [-0.011, -0.003], p = 0.001). APOE*4 carriers declined slightly more rapidly than non-carriers on most cognitive measures, with processing speed showing the greatest difference (-0.08 SD/decade, 95% CI [-0.15, -0.01], p = 0.019). The same overall pattern of results was found when analyses were repeated with baseline dementia cases excluded. We used only one test to represent cognitive domains, and though a prototypical one, we nevertheless urge caution in generalizing the results to domains rather than viewing them as test-specific associations. This study lacked cohorts from Africa, India, and mainland China. Conclusions: Cognitive performance declined with age, and more rapidly with increasing age, across samples from diverse ethnocultural groups and geographical regions. Associations varied across cohorts, suggesting that different rates of cognitive decline might contribute to the global variation in dementia prevalence. However, the many similarities and consistent associations with education and APOE genotype indicate a need to explore how international differences in associations with other risk factors such as genetics, cardiovascular health, and lifestyle are involved. Future studies should attempt to use multiple tests for each cognitive domain and feature populations from ethnocultural groups and geographical regions for which we lacked data. © 2017 Lipnicki et al.
- Published
- 2017
36. La Carta dei Suoli irrigui della dominazione araba (827 – 1072 D.C. ) in agro di Castello Di Baida (Castellammare Del Golfo - TP)
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RAIMONDI, Salvatore, VACCARO, R., RAIMONDI S., VACCARO R., RAIMONDI, S, and VACCARO, R
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Settore AGR/14 - Pedologia ,Pedoarcheologia, Arabi in Sicilia, Castello di Baida (Castellammare del Golfo-Trapani), Irrigazione - Published
- 2013
37. Age-related cognitive decline and associations with sex, education and apolipoprotein E genotype across ethnocultural groups and geographic regions: a collaborative cohort study
- Author
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Lipnicki, DM, Crawford, JD, Dutta, R, Thalamuthu, A, Kochan, NA, Andrews, G, Lima-Costa, MF, Castro-Costa, E, Brayne, C, Matthews, FE, Stephan, BCM, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Ritchie, K, Scali, J, Ancelin, ML, Scarmeas, N, Yannakoulia, M, Dardiotis, E, Lam, LCW, Wong, CHY, Fung, AWT, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Kim, TH, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Butterworth, P, Scazufca, M, Kumagai, S, Chen, S, Narazaki, K, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Reppermund, S, Brodaty, H, Lobo, A, Lopez-Anton, R, Santabárbara, J, Sachdev, PS, Lipnicki, DM, Crawford, JD, Dutta, R, Thalamuthu, A, Kochan, NA, Andrews, G, Lima-Costa, MF, Castro-Costa, E, Brayne, C, Matthews, FE, Stephan, BCM, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Ritchie, K, Scali, J, Ancelin, ML, Scarmeas, N, Yannakoulia, M, Dardiotis, E, Lam, LCW, Wong, CHY, Fung, AWT, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Kim, KW, Han, JW, Kim, TH, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Butterworth, P, Scazufca, M, Kumagai, S, Chen, S, Narazaki, K, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Reppermund, S, Brodaty, H, Lobo, A, Lopez-Anton, R, Santabárbara, J, and Sachdev, PS
- Abstract
© 2017 Lipnicki et al. Background: The prevalence of dementia varies around the world, potentially contributed to by international differences in rates of age-related cognitive decline. Our primary goal was to investigate how rates of age-related decline in cognitive test performance varied among international cohort studies of cognitive aging. We also determined the extent to which sex, educational attainment, and apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE*4) carrier status were associated with decline. Methods and findings: We harmonized longitudinal data for 14 cohorts from 12 countries (Australia, Brazil, France, Greece, Hong Kong, Italy, Japan, Singapore, Spain, South Korea, United Kingdom, United States), for a total of 42,170 individuals aged 54–105 y (42% male), including 3.3% with dementia at baseline. The studies began between 1989 and 2011, with all but three ongoing, and each had 2–16 assessment waves (median = 3) and a follow-up duration of 2–15 y. We analyzed standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and memory, processing speed, language, and executive functioning test scores using linear mixed models, adjusted for sex and education, and meta-analytic techniques. Performance on all cognitive measures declined with age, with the most rapid rate of change pooled across cohorts a moderate -0.26 standard deviations per decade (SD/decade) (95% confidence interval [CI] [-0.35, -0.16], p < 0.001) for processing speed. Rates of decline accelerated slightly with age, with executive functioning showing the largest additional rate of decline with every further decade of age (-0.07 SD/decade, 95% CI [-0.10, -0.03], p = 0.002). There was a considerable degree of heterogeneity in the associations across cohorts, including a slightly faster decline (p = 0.021) on the MMSE for Asians (-0.20 SD/decade, 95% CI [-0.28, -0.12], p < 0.001) than for whites (-0.09 SD/decade, 95% CI [-0.16, -0.02], p = 0.009). Males declined on the MMSE at a slightly slower rate than females (
- Published
- 2017
38. Large-Scale Integration of Renewable Energy Sources: Technical and Economical Analysis for the Italian Case
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Prina, M.G., Garegnani, G., Kleinhans, D., Manzolini, G., Vaccaro, R., Weitemeyer, S., and Moser, D.
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Grid and Energy System Integration ,PV Applications and Integration - Abstract
32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2670-2674, The integration of high shares of variable renewable energy sources is an aspect that is acquiring importance as it can lead to integration problems. The three main options to achieve this task are the enlargement and reinforcement of the grid, the use of storage devices, and demand side management. A modelling approach is applied in this study to evaluate the maximum level of renewable energy integration for the Italian power system when adopting electric storage. Firstly, the integration trend has been investigated starting from the production profile of variable renewable energy sources. The results show that the optimal combination of wind and solar energy to maximize the integration of renewables is 55% and 45%, respectively. Afterward, the impact of storage systems has been evaluated in the case of high renewable energy penetration. An optimization approach is then applied to assess the best mix of solar and wind energy while minimizing the costs. Results show that the best share of renewable energies stabilizes on 60 - 70% of wind production and 40 - 30% of solar production due to higher costs of rooftop photovoltaic systems.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Diverse Geographical and Ethnocultural Regions: The COSMIC Collaboration
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Sachdev, P.S., Lipnicki, D.M., Kochan, N.A., Crawford, J.D., Thalamuthu, A., Andrews, G., Brayne, C., Matthews, F.E., Stephan, B.C.M., Lipton, R.B., Katz, M.J., Ritchie, K., Carrière, I., Ancelin, M.L, Lam, L.C.W., Wong, C.H.Y., Fung, A.W.T., Guaita, A., Vaccaro, R., Davin, A., Ganguli, M., Dodge, H., Hughes, T., Anstey, K.J., Cherbuin, N., Butterworth, P., Ng, T.P., Gao, Q., Reppermund, S., Brodaty, H., Schupf, N., Manly, J., Stern, Y., Lobo, A., Lopez-Anton, R., Santabárbara, J., Zimmerman, M., Derby, C., Leung, G.T.Y., Chan, W.C., Polito, L., Abbondanza, S., Valle, E., Colombo, M., Vitali, S.F., Fossi, S., Zaccaria, D., Forloni, G., Villani, S., Christensen, H., MacKinnon, A., Easteal, S., Jacomb, T., Maxwell, K., Bowman, A., Burns, K., Broe, A., Dekker, J., Dooley, L., De Permentier, M., Fairjones, S., Fletcher, J., French, T., Foster, C., Nugent-Cleary-Fox, E., Gooi, C., Harvey, E., Helyer, R., Hsieh, S., Hughes, L., Jacek, S., Johnston, M., McCade, D., Meeth, S., Milne, E., Moir, A., O'Grady, R., Pfaeffli, K., Pose, C., Reuser, L., Rose, A., Schofield, P., Shahnawaz, Z., Sharpley, A., Thompson, C., Queisser, W., Wong, S., Mayeux, R., Brickman, A., Luchsinger, J., Sanchez, D., Tang, M.X., Andrews, H., Marcos, G., De-La-Cámara, C., Saz, P., Ventura, T., Quintanilla, M.A., Lobo, E., University of South Wales (USW), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Newcastle University [Newcastle], Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York], Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Imperial College London, The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Tai Po Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University [Portland] (OHSU), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Australian National University (ANU), National University of Singapore (NUS), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Columbia University [New York], Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental [Madrid] (CIBER-SAM), University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
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Gerontology ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Asia ,Epidemiology ,Cross-sectional study ,Clinical Dementia Rating ,lcsh:Medicine ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Prevalence ,Medicine ,Dementia ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Longitudinal Studies ,Cooperative Behavior ,lcsh:Science ,Cognitive impairment ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,FOS: Clinical medicine ,lcsh:R ,Neurosciences ,Australia ,Mild cognitive impairment ,Cognition ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Europe ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Disease Progression ,lcsh:Q ,Mental health ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Female ,Cooperative behavior ,Alzheimer's disease ,business ,Demography - Abstract
International audience; BACKGROUND : Changes in criteria and differences in populations studied and methodology have produced a wide range of prevalence estimates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI).METHODS : Uniform criteria were applied to harmonized data from 11 studies from USA, Europe, Asia and Australia, and MCI prevalence estimates determined using three separate definitions of cognitive impairment.RESULTS : The published range of MCI prevalence estimates was 5.0%-36.7%. This was reduced with all cognitive impairment definitions: performance in the bottom 6.681% (3.2%-10.8%); Clinical Dementia Rating of 0.5 (1.8%-14.9%); Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24-27 (2.1%-20.7%). Prevalences using the first definition were 5.9% overall, and increased with age (P < .001) but were unaffected by sex or the main races/ethnicities investigated (Whites and Chinese). Not completing high school increased the likelihood of MCI (P ≤ .01).CONCLUSION : Applying uniform criteria to harmonized data greatly reduced the variation in MCI prevalence internationally.
- Published
- 2015
40. Rewable Energy High Penetration Scenarios Using Energyplan: a Case Study for Bressanone
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Prina, M.G., Garegnani, G., Moser, D., Vaccaro, R., and Sparber, W.
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PV as Part of the Energy System ,PV APPLICATIONS - Abstract
31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2784-2788, This paper analyzes the energy supply system of the municipality of Bressanone, province of Bolzano, studying renewable energy sources (RES) high penetration scenarios. Particularly, the benefits from the increase of photovoltaic installed power and high and low efficiency storage devices were evaluated. Firstly, the reference scenario was built using energyPLAN, system analysis tool based on energy consumption and production data for the year 2010. Three different scenarios were then produced and compared, with the reference system, on few parameters: renewable energy integration, carbon dioxide emissions and economic costs. The results show that an increase of photovoltaic capacity up to 20 MW (approximately 1 kW/person) produces an improvement of all the evaluating parameters: increases RES integration, reduces CO2 emissions and slightly decreases annual economic costs. The threshold of 50 MW of photovoltaic rooftop potential capacity in Bressanone – filtered for insolation level and historical city center - could be reached with an increase of annual economic costs. In order to further improve renewable energy integration and CO2 emissions, scenarios with different installed capacity of storage and different round-trip efficiency were thus investigated.
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- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Testo di Anatomia Funzionale del Sistema Nervoso
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Amenta F, Candiani S, Farina F, Pacini A, Quartu M, Vaccaro R, Zaccheo D., DE LUCA, Antonio, Amenta, F, Candiani, S, DE LUCA, Antonio, Farina, F, Pacini, A, Quartu, M, Vaccaro, R, and Zaccheo, D.
- Published
- 2011
42. Transient Signal Extraction in a Multipath Environment
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Vaccaro, R. J., primary, Maragakis, E., primary, and Field, R. L., primary
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- 1990
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43. A Plate–Rod Device for Treatment of Cervicothoracic Disorders: Comparison of Mechanical Testing with Established Cervical Spine In Vitro Load Testing Data
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Vaccaro R, Todd J. Albert, Alan S. Hilibrand, and Conant Rf
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Torsion Abnormality ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Bone Screws ,Bone Nails ,computer.software_genre ,Thoracic Vertebrae ,Weight-Bearing ,Fixation (surgical) ,Load testing ,Cadaver ,medicine ,Humans ,Internal fixation ,Osteosynthesis ,business.industry ,Biomechanics ,Anatomy ,Nail plate ,musculoskeletal system ,Cervical spine ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,Cervical Vertebrae ,Spinal Diseases ,Surgery ,sense organs ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Bone Plates ,computer - Abstract
Posterior cervical internal fixation has long been accomplished using wires, hooks, and rods. More recently, the cervical lateral mass screw and plate or rod systems have been used effectively in unstable lower cervical spine disorders. Each form of fixation has its advantages and disadvantages. Interspinous wiring and lateral mass screw placement obviate canal penetration in the cervical region but are associated with a potential neurologic risk as a result of canal encroachment. Minor canal intrusion by laminar hooks in the thoracic spine pose a lesser neurologic risk than in the cervical region. To exploit the benefits and safety features of spinal instrumentation, a combination plate rod construct (PRC) has been developed that obviates canal penetration in the cervical region by way of lateral mass and cervical pedicle screw fixation and hooks or wires in the thoracic spine. A biomechanical analysis of the PRC device was performed and compared with the in vivo maximal load data of the cervical spine and established maximal load data of the Roy-Camille posterior cervical fixation system. The PRC has greater strength and resistance to failure than is necessary to sustain maximal in vivo cervical spine loads, and it has also compared favorably with the parameters of the Roy-Camille system. The PRC device, or variations on it, is an excellent option for spinal fixation across the cervicothoracic junction because of its superior biomechanical qualities and versatility in stabilizing a complex anatomic junction of the spine.
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- 2000
44. The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in diverse geographical and ethnocultural regions: The COSMIC Collaboration
- Author
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Sachdev, PS, Lipnicki, DM, Kochan, NA, Crawford, JD, Thalamuthu, A, Andrews, G, Brayne, C, Matthews, FE, Stephan, BCM, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Ritchie, K, Carrière, I, Ancelin, ML, Lam, LCW, Wong, CHY, Fung, AWT, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Ganguli, M, Dodge, H, Hughes, T, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Butterworth, P, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Reppermund, S, Brodaty, H, Schupf, N, Manly, J, Stern, Y, Lobo, A, Lopez-Anton, R, Santabárbara, J, Zimmerman, M, Derby, C, Leung, GTY, Chan, WC, Polito, L, Abbondanza, S, Valle, E, Colombo, M, Vitali, SF, Fossi, S, Zaccaria, D, Forloni, G, Villani, S, Christensen, H, MacKinnon, A, Easteal, S, Jacomb, T, Maxwell, K, Bowman, A, Burns, K, Broe, A, Dekker, J, Dooley, L, De Permentier, M, Fairjones, S, Fletcher, J, French, T, Foster, C, Nugent-Cleary-Fox, E, Gooi, C, Harvey, E, Helyer, R, Hsieh, S, Hughes, L, Jacek, S, Johnston, M, McCade, D, Meeth, S, Milne, E, Moir, A, O'Grady, R, Pfaeffli, K, Pose, C, Reuser, L, Rose, A, Schofield, P, Shahnawaz, Z, Sharpley, A, Thompson, C, Queisser, W, Wong, S, Mayeux, R, Brickman, A, Luchsinger, J, Sanchez, D, Tang, MX, Andrews, H, Marcos, G, De-La-Cámara, C, Saz, P, Ventura, T, Quintanilla, MA, Lobo, E, Sachdev, PS, Lipnicki, DM, Kochan, NA, Crawford, JD, Thalamuthu, A, Andrews, G, Brayne, C, Matthews, FE, Stephan, BCM, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Ritchie, K, Carrière, I, Ancelin, ML, Lam, LCW, Wong, CHY, Fung, AWT, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Ganguli, M, Dodge, H, Hughes, T, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Butterworth, P, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Reppermund, S, Brodaty, H, Schupf, N, Manly, J, Stern, Y, Lobo, A, Lopez-Anton, R, Santabárbara, J, Zimmerman, M, Derby, C, Leung, GTY, Chan, WC, Polito, L, Abbondanza, S, Valle, E, Colombo, M, Vitali, SF, Fossi, S, Zaccaria, D, Forloni, G, Villani, S, Christensen, H, MacKinnon, A, Easteal, S, Jacomb, T, Maxwell, K, Bowman, A, Burns, K, Broe, A, Dekker, J, Dooley, L, De Permentier, M, Fairjones, S, Fletcher, J, French, T, Foster, C, Nugent-Cleary-Fox, E, Gooi, C, Harvey, E, Helyer, R, Hsieh, S, Hughes, L, Jacek, S, Johnston, M, McCade, D, Meeth, S, Milne, E, Moir, A, O'Grady, R, Pfaeffli, K, Pose, C, Reuser, L, Rose, A, Schofield, P, Shahnawaz, Z, Sharpley, A, Thompson, C, Queisser, W, Wong, S, Mayeux, R, Brickman, A, Luchsinger, J, Sanchez, D, Tang, MX, Andrews, H, Marcos, G, De-La-Cámara, C, Saz, P, Ventura, T, Quintanilla, MA, and Lobo, E
- Abstract
Background Changes in criteria and differences in populations studied and methodology have produced a wide range of prevalence estimates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Uniform criteria were applied to harmonized data from 11 studies from USA, Europe, Asia and Australia, and MCI prevalence estimates determined using three separate definitions of cognitive impairment. Results The published range of MCI prevalence estimates was 5.0%-36.7%. This was reduced with all cognitive impairment definitions: performance in the bottom 6.681% (3.2%-10.8%); Clinical Dementia Rating of 0.5 (1.8%-14.9%); Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24-27 (2.1%-20.7%). Prevalences using the first definition were 5.9% overall, and increased with age (P < .001) but were unaffected by sex or the main races/ethnicities investigated (Whites and Chinese). Not completing high school increased the likelihood of MCI (P ≤ .01). Conclusion Applying uniform criteria to harmonized data greatly reduced the variation in MCI prevalence internationally.
- Published
- 2015
45. The Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Diverse Geographical and Ethnocultural Regions: The COSMIC Collaboration
- Author
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Arendt, T, Sachdev, PS, Lipnicki, DM, Kochan, NA, Crawford, JD, Thalamuthu, A, Andrews, G, Brayne, C, Matthews, FE, Stephan, BCM, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Ritchie, K, Carriere, I, Ancelin, M-L, Lam, LCW, Wong, CHY, Fung, AWT, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Ganguli, M, Dodge, H, Hughes, T, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Butterworth, P, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Reppermund, S, Brodaty, H, Schupf, N, Manly, J, Stern, Y, Lobo, A, Lopez-Anton, R, Santabarbara, J, Arendt, T, Sachdev, PS, Lipnicki, DM, Kochan, NA, Crawford, JD, Thalamuthu, A, Andrews, G, Brayne, C, Matthews, FE, Stephan, BCM, Lipton, RB, Katz, MJ, Ritchie, K, Carriere, I, Ancelin, M-L, Lam, LCW, Wong, CHY, Fung, AWT, Guaita, A, Vaccaro, R, Davin, A, Ganguli, M, Dodge, H, Hughes, T, Anstey, KJ, Cherbuin, N, Butterworth, P, Ng, TP, Gao, Q, Reppermund, S, Brodaty, H, Schupf, N, Manly, J, Stern, Y, Lobo, A, Lopez-Anton, R, and Santabarbara, J
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Changes in criteria and differences in populations studied and methodology have produced a wide range of prevalence estimates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS: Uniform criteria were applied to harmonized data from 11 studies from USA, Europe, Asia and Australia, and MCI prevalence estimates determined using three separate definitions of cognitive impairment. RESULTS: The published range of MCI prevalence estimates was 5.0%-36.7%. This was reduced with all cognitive impairment definitions: performance in the bottom 6.681% (3.2%-10.8%); Clinical Dementia Rating of 0.5 (1.8%-14.9%); Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24-27 (2.1%-20.7%). Prevalences using the first definition were 5.9% overall, and increased with age (P < .001) but were unaffected by sex or the main races/ethnicities investigated (Whites and Chinese). Not completing high school increased the likelihood of MCI (P ≤ .01). CONCLUSION: Applying uniform criteria to harmonized data greatly reduced the variation in MCI prevalence internationally.
- Published
- 2015
46. Human milk T lymphocytes are mostly HML-1-positive cells
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Bertotto, A., Castellucci, G., Scalise, F., and Vaccaro, R.
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- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Relation between arsenic in drinking water and skin cancer
- Author
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Astolfi, E., Maccagno, A., García Fernández, J. C., Vaccaro, R., and Stímola, R.
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A 45,X male with a Yp/18 translocation
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Maserati, Emanuela, Waibel, F., Weber, B., Fraccaro, M., Gal, A., Pasquali, F., Schempp, W., Scherer, G., Vaccaro, R., Weissenbach, J., and Wolf, U.
- Published
- 1986
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Clinical experience in detecting endotoxemia with the limulus test in typhoid fever and other salmonella infections
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Magliulo, E., Scevola, D., Burberi, S., Fumarola, D., Vaccaro, R., and Bertotto, A.
- Published
- 1976
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Alpha-synuclein in the central nervous system of the carp (Cyprinus carpio). Immunohistochemical study
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Vaccaro, R., Casini, A., Cioni, C., Toni, M., Yu, S., and D’Este, L.
- Subjects
nervous system ,animal diseases ,Synuclein ,central nervous system ,teleost ,immunohistochemistry ,heterocyclic compounds ,nervous system diseases - Abstract
Alpha Synuclein (α-Syn) is a 140 amino acid protein, highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) of different vertebrates and abnormally accumulated in Parkinson’s disease and other degenerative disorders, known as synucleinopathies. Although most physiological functions of α-Syn remain elusive, this protein possesses chaperone properties and it is involved in vesicular storage and docking, neurotransmitters release and synaptic plasticity. Although non mammalian synucleins have been relatively well-characterized, present knowledge about their cellular localization is still scarce. Ciprinids have been used as piscine models for Parkinson’s disease [1] and an α-Syn gene has been recently sequenced in Cyprinus carpio [2]. Through our previous study on α-Syn expression in non mammalian vertebrates [3], we have described the distribution of α-Syn immunoreactivity in the carp brain and spinal cord, by using a novel monoclonal antibody (3D5) against α-Syn [4]. 3D5 distribution was also compared with monoaminergic, cholinergic and serotoninergic pathways. Present results show that α-Syn immunoreactivity is mainly distributed in motor and reticular pathways, throughout the brainstem and the spinal cord. Moreover, α-Syn is also localized into small beaded fibers innervating the main forebrain regions including basal telencephalon, preoptic region and hypothalamus. In motor and reticular nuclei α-Syn is clearly co-distributed with ChAT. Therefore, the putative α-Syn positive neurons may represent a subpopulation of cholinergic neurons. The colocalization between α-Syn and ChAT in the same neurons needs to be verified by confocal microscopy. The knowledge of α-Syn cellular distribution in teleosts adds new prospectives to physiological roles of synucleins during evolution and neurological disorders., Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, Vol 117, No 2 (Supplement) 2012
- Published
- 2012
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