Search

Resumo As experiências adversas na infância (do inglês adverse childhood experiences – ACEs) implicam prejuízos no desenvolvimento psicossocial, afetando a aquisição de competências socioemocionais. Este estudo verificou a associação entre ACEs e competências socioemocionais (indicadas pelos níveis nas habilidades de empatia e autocontrole), considerando o gênero como variável moderadora. Foram coletados dados com 1.302 adolescentes, estudantes de escolas públicas em territórios socialmente vulneráveis. Verificou-se maior prevalência de ACEs para o gênero feminino. Os níveis de empatia e autocontrole oscilaram de formas distintas entre os gêneros, conforme o histórico de determinados tipos de ACEs. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de mais investigações acerca da influência dos estereótipos de gênero no desenvolvimento psicossocial de adolescentes.

Neste artigo, eu discuto a falta de narrativas centradas na perspectiva indígena na virada histórica no direito internacional. Considerando-se que um dos principais usos políticos desta virada histórica visa desfazer os danos dos encontros coloniais (como nas Abordagens Terceiro-Mundistas de Direito Internacional, por exemplo), é um tanto quanto consternante que frequentemente, e particularmente em contextos indígenas, estes encontros ainda são contados a partir da perspectiva do colonizador. Assim, a existência indígena é concebida unicamente da perspectiva de vitimização, que é inevitavelmente articulada de uma forma que nega agência às pessoas e povos indígenas como atores históricos. Este paradoxo demonstra a resiliência do eurocentrismo na nossa articulação de projetos jurídicos internacionais, e a resiliência da identidade e resistência indígenas apesar de seu apagamento estrutural ainda em andamento. Este artigo portanto pergunta o que pode significar, epistemologicamente e metodologicamente, centralizar o indigenato na virada histórica do direito internacional, argumentando-se pela recuperação e alavancamento da agência indígena na virada histórica no direito internacional. Eu, pessoalmente, não sou indígena, portanto eu não viso oferecer uma “visão indígena da história do direito internacional”, mas sim simplesmente criar e explorar cunhas na produção acadêmica voltada à virada histórica. Estas cunhas podem tornar o campo mais receptivo a atender à resiliência do subalterno, abrir o campo para metodologias históricas alternativas e questionar fundamentalmente se nós podemos aprender sobre a resiliência face aos desafios externos ao ordenamento jurídico internacional a partir da resiliência já existente no direito internacional.

This study aims to analyze the effect of victimization suffered during the COVID-19 lockdown on psychological trauma in early and late adolescents. The sample of this study comprised of 933 Peruvian adolescents, 45.5% (n= 423) were males and (54.5%) (n= 506) were females. 44.5% (n=415) were in early adolescence (12 to 13 years) and 55.5 % (n=518) were in late adolescence (14 to 17 years). Data was collected online during the COVID-19 lockdown. Results show that early adolescents who have suffered victimization have higher probabilities of suffering psychological trauma than late adolescents compared to non-victims. In addition, loneliness is observed to play a significant role as a mediator in the relationship between victimization and psychological trauma in Early Adolescents (B = .69, SE = 0.08, CI [ .53, .86]) and late adolescents (B = .66, SE = 0.07, CI [.51, .81]). Results suggests that the cost-benefit of COVID 19 lockdown should be reconsidered. Social distance could had made difficult for adolescents to stablish interpersonal relationships and solve conflicts associated with victimization. Loneliness could be an expression of these difficulties and therefore explain symptoms of psychological trauma. Finally, results are discussed in order to prevent the harmful effects of the pandemic and the measures taken on adolescent mental health, especially in middle- and low-income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Este artigo investigou a violência escolar a partir de um survey longitudinal realizado com adolescentes de São Paulo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa que analisou a relação entre a experiência e a prática de violências pelos adolescentes e suas percepções sobre o clima escolar e sobre a autoridade dos(as) professores(as) por meio de um modelo de equação estrutural. Os resultados demonstraram que a vitimização escolar e a agressão relacional estão relacionadas entre si e influenciam negativamente a avaliação do clima escolar e da legitimidade dos(as) professores(as). Por sua vez, quando os(as) professores(as) exercem seu poder pautados em valores como respeito e imparcialidade, há um efeito positivo sobre a percepção dos alunos, o que pode ser uma chave para evitar os conflitos.

Resumo A América Latina concentra elevadas taxas de homicídio, o que coloca uma série de adversidades para as democracias em consolidação e pode fomentar retrocessos na legitimidade democrática. Neste sentido, o artigo dedica-se a aprofundar, na literatura internacional, os temas vitimização, medo do crime e legitimidade democrática na América Latina. Deste modo, o artigo está organizado em quatro seções: primeiramente, são destacadas as características gerais da literatura sobre medo do crime e a relação com a democracia. Na sequência, são abordados os estudos que conectam diretamente a vitimização e o medo do crime com aspectos políticos e, de modo específico, com a legitimidade democrática. A terceira seção aborda os mecanismos causais que podem favorecer os efeitos da violência na legitimidade democrática. Por fim, são apresentadas considerações gerais sobre a literatura pesquisada, bem como são levantadas questões para a agenda de pesquisa no contexto latino-americano.

Copyright of Psocial is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Psicologia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to show how police killings in the State of Rio de Janeiro are politically mobilized by different sectors. According to the contextual situations in which the agents are involved, they can be classified as either heroes or victims. The research was developed from the analysis of cases of violence against policemen that generated mobilizations and repercussions in the social networks of politicians, public security institutions, and sympathizers of police organizations. This way it is shown the problems found in the corporation and in the public security policies of the state that affect not only the population but also the agents and the political divergences of the parties as to their resolution. I analyze the different positions and justifications mobilized, trying to corroborate with the theoretical references, a way of doing politics from the publicizing of suffering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sociedade e Estado is the property of Sociedade e Estado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article addresses the judicialization of domestic violence in East-Timor, discussing the victimization and individualization of these conflicts which emerge in relational contexts. On an ethnographical approach of institutional care practices with women sheltered, I reflect on their trajectories facing the discourses and practices of a local NGO, resorting to the literature of Brazilian anthropology. My argument is that domestic violence can be better understood both critically and analytically if we consider the communicational aspect of physical power in the (re)production of engendered representations of subjects and their social fantasies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bullying escolar é um grave problema de saúde pública e séries dramáticas podem contribuir para iluminar suas diversas facetas. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os discursos e práticas de adultos ao tomarem conhecimento ou testemunharem situações de bullying na série Thirteen reasons why. Trata-se de estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa fundamentado na Teoria Bioecológica de Bronfenbrenner. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram: análise e seleção de episódios; identificação de cenas que continham bullying; classificação das perspectivas e ações dos adultos; análise dos dados. Notou-se uma compreensão insuficiente dos adultos frente às situações de bullying presenciadas ou conhecidas. Comportamentos de coerção, punições e transferência de responsabilidade entre os contextos foram as ações mais identificadas. O estudo contribui para sensibilização de gestores e sociedade civil sobre o papel dos adultos no gerenciamento e prevenção de casos de bullying nas escolas.

Resumo Para descrever a ocorrência de situações de violência contra adolescentes na família e na comunidade, foi conduzido estudo transversal em escolas públicas de municípios do Brasil. O Questionário da Juventude Brasileira Versão Fase II foi utilizado. Participaram 2.860 adolescentes, sendo 58,5% do sexo feminino. Cerca de um terço dos participantes sofreram violência física na família. Na comunidade, 32,7% dos adolescentes reportaram ter sofrido situações de violência psicológica. Situações de violência física ocorreram mais entre meninos, em participantes de 15 a 19 anos e nos que experimentaram álcool ou drogas ilícitas. Considera-se como importante que ações preventivas contra violência de naturezas distintas sejam contínuas e abrangentes, incluam diferentes subgrupos e garantam o suporte necessário.

Objectives: Identify the levels of perception of insecurity and community victimization (direct, indirect and contextual); compare the levels of perception of insecurity according to elements of structural vulnerability (gender, educational level and social class); to analyze the association between types of community victimization with gender, educational level, social class and level of perception of insecurity. Methodology: A comparative and correlational study was carried out with a non-probability sample made up of 310 students (55,8% women and 44,2% men), with an age range of 13 to 24 years, belonging to different educational levels (junior-high school, high-school and college). Results: Moderate levels of perception of insecurity (M=17,2; SD=5.2) were found, and a predominance of indirect and direct victimization for crimes such as robbery (47,7% indirect; 27,1% direct) and assault (34,8% indirect; 15,2% direct). Contextual victimization is linked to high impact crimes such as homicide (31,9%) and disappearance (21,3%). Women experience a greater perception of insecurity [t(308) = 4,27; p <0,001], direct sexual harassment [x² (1) = 40,61; p <0,001], and more frequently report sexual violence [x² (1) = 30,03; p <0,001] and disappearance [x² (1) = 13,53; p <0,001] in their community. College level is closer to direct and contextual sexual violence [x²(18) = 21,53; p = 0,253]. Belonging to a higher class was closer with direct and indirect victimization for robbery, as well as reporting disappearances in the community [x²(27) = 19,87; p = 0,836]. Conclusions: Gender was the element of structural vulnerability that was most associated with community victimization and the perception of insecurity. A high perception of insecurity is linked to direct victimization, as well as the occurrence of high impact crimes in the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enquadramento: A violência no namoro é um problema grave, pelas consequências físicas e mentais, pelo impacto nos padrões de relacionamento amoroso futuro e enquanto problema de saúde pública. São objetivos identificar as variáveis sociodemográficas, académicas e afetivas que influenciam a violência no namoro. Tratase de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo-correlacional e transversal, com uma amostra constituída por 429 estudantes, com uma média de idade de 22.11 anos (dp=4.55). Para recolha de dados, utilizou-se o questionário que permitiu fazer a caracterização sociodemográfica, académica e afetiva. Foi ainda incluída a Escala de práticas e comportamentos de vitimização na relação de namoro de Dixe, Rodrigues, Freire, Rodrigues, Fernandes e Dias (2010). Apurou-se que 11.9% é vitima de violência na atual relação de namoro. Os estudantes do sexo masculino, do curso de humanidades e os que já reprovaram, manifestam práticas e comportamentos de vitimização mais frequentes, com diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p

O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a probabilidade de vitimização da violência cometida por policiais no Brasil. Para tal, utiliza-se um modelo Probit para estabelecer relações de probabilidade de os indivíduos serem vítimas mediante alguns fatores socioeconômicos, tais como sexo, raça, escolaridade, idade, renda e local de moradia. Os principais resultados denotam que indivíduos do sexo masculino, pretos ou pardos, que moram em áreas urbanas e possuem baixo nível de escolaridade têm maior probabilidade de serem vítimas da violência policial, enquanto o nível de renda e a região federativa de moradia não foram fatores significativos.

The revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (rBVQ) is an internationally used instrument to identify bullying, but due to Brazilian students' low proficiency in reading and writing, it had to be adapted for audio-guided use through smartphones. We investigated construct validity, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), under a two-correlated factor solution. Participated 1,742 fifth graders and 2,316 seventh graders from 30 public schools in the city of São Paulo. We found excellent fit indices models for both grades (fifth grade: CFI=0.985, RMSEA=0.020; seventh grade: CFI=0.990, RMSEA=0.015), as well as factor loading higher than 0.4 for all items, indicating their relevance to the construct. The rBVQ demonstrated excellent psychometric properties and may help future studies that aim to investigate bullying in populations with similar profiles. In addition, this study innovates by evaluating an audio-guided instrument and using mobile technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crime against property in rural areas can jeopardize farmer's development conditions given to the losses of assets that are fundamental either for their livelihoods or for agricultural production. This study aims to describe and compare the crimes of robbery and theft in Cristalina; quantify, classify and describe the property losses of assets stolen; and describe the circumstances in which crime occurred and their impact on farmers. The research was based on police records (report of occurrences) of crimes of robbery and theft against rural properties in the municipality of Cristalina in the years 2017 and 2018. The results show that: in robbery, the subtraction of specific goods, such as vehicles, firearms and cell phones occurred in greater numbers, while in thefts, goods such as energy transformers and assets directly linked to agricultural production are in greater quantity. Patrimonial losses are greater in thefts. The conditions and circumstances of the robbery are characterized by aggressiveness and by tshe number of perpetrators (average of 3); in theft, the subtraction of energy transformers is representative. The property loss is relatively high for the farmers, potentially jeopardizing their livelihoods as well as their farming activity, both in robbery and theft crimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Describing the occurrence of violence situations against adolescents, in the family and community, was conducted a cross-sectional study in public schools of municipalities in Brazil. Brazilian Youth Questionnaire Phase II Version was used. Participated 2860 adolescents, being 58.5% female. About a third have already suffered some form of physical violence in the family. In the community, 32.7% of the adolescents reported have already suffered some form of psychological violence. Situations of physical violence were more common amongst boys, 15 to 19 years old participants, and who have already tried alcohol or illegal drugs. It is important that preventive actions against violence of different natures are continuous and comprehensive, including different subgroups and providing the necessary support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (0797-5538) is the property of Universidad de la Republica, Faculdad de Ciencias Sociales, Departmento de Sociologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sexualidad, Salud y Sociedad: Revista Latinoamericana is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To identify the differences between the prevalence and factors associated with involvement in bullying among schoolchildren from Recife, in the role of victim and perpetrator. Method: This is an epidemiological, cross‐sectional, analytical study, with a probabilistic cluster sample of 1,402 students enrolled in high schools in Recife. Data analysis consisted of a descriptive analysis, followed by the application of Pearson's chi‐squared test with statistical significance of 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. For the association analysis, multilevel modeling was used to control the cluster effect. Results: It was observed that adolescents who feel different from other peers were associated with bullying, regardless of the role played. Being a victim was associated with being female, having low self‐esteem, and using tranquilizers; being a transgressor was a protective factor. As for the role of perpetrator, being male, excessive alcohol consumption, having poor school performance, being a transgressor, and accepting peer violence were the associated variables; in turn, not defending their ideas when among friends showed to be a protective factor for bullying. Conclusion: The differences between the adolescents, whether in the role of victim or perpetrator, indicate that the advocacy and prevention actions should focus on these aspects, mainly in the school environment. Resumo: Objetivo: Identificar as diferenças entre prevalências e os fatores associados ao envolvimento em bullying entre adolescentes escolares do Recife no papel de vítima e agressor. Método: Estudo epidemiológico de corte transversal analítico, com amostra probabilística por conglomerados de 1.402 estudantes matriculados no ensino médio de escolas do Recife. A análise dos dados foi constituída de uma análise descritiva, seguida da aplicação do teste de Qui‐Quadrado de Pearson com significância estatística de 0,05 e Intervalo de Confiança de 95%. Para a análise de associações foi empregada a modelagem multinível para controle do efeito do conglomerado. Resultados: Observou‐se que o adolescente que se sente diferente dos outros colegas apresentou associação com o bullying independente do papel desempenhado. A condição de ser vítima mostrou associação com ser do sexo feminino, ter baixa autoestima e utilizar tranquilizantes, além disso, ser transgressor mostrou ser fator de proteção. No papel de agressor de bullying ser do sexo masculino, fazer uso de álcool em excesso, ter um ruim desempenho escolar, ser transgressor e aceitar violência entre pares foram as variáveis associadas; por sua vez, não defender suas ideias com amigos revelou ser fator de proteção para prática do bullying. Conclusão: As diferenças apresentadas entre os adolescentes, seja no papel de vítima ou de agressor, apontam que condutas de promoção e prevenção tenham enfoque que considerem tais aspectos principalmente no ambiente escolar.

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a vitimização em autores de violência sexual (AVS) contra crianças e adolescentes, assim como sua relação com traços de psicopatia. Participaram 30 reeducandos cumprindo pena em regime fechado por crimes sexuais contra crianças e adolescentes, que foram divididos em dois grupos: G1, AVS considerados psicopatas (PCL-R ≥ 30); G2, AVS não psicopatas (PCL-R < 30). Os instrumentos utilizados no estudo foram: Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R) e Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ). Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada estatística descritiva e comparativa por meio do Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Os resultados apontaram que participantes do G1 sofreram mais vitimizações durante a vida do que os participantes do G2.

Com objetivo de analisar a violência sofrida por profissionais de segurança pública, em especial, policiais militares do Rio Grande do Norte, este trabalho buscou desvelar suas causas e consequências. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica em publicações científicas, pesquisas e notas técnicas, bem como de uma pesquisa empírica que utilizou um questionário on-line respondido por 62 policiais militares da região metropolitana de Natal/RN, delineou-se um perfil destes profissionais, sendo investigadas as suas percepções acerca da vitimização policial. Os resultados constataram que, mesmo não se sentindo seguros para exercer a profissão e reconhecendo a necessidade de (re)capacitação, os policiais, em sua maioria, não participam de treinamento técnico-profissional para esse enfrentamento. Foram analisados os fatores que mais contribuíram para o aumento dessa vitimização concluindo-se que, a partir da relação entre teoria e pesquisa empírica, evidencia-se a ausência de formação/(re)capacitação, bem como de protocolos institucionais que visam aumentar a capacidade técnico-profissional para minimizar a vitimização policial.

This study aimed to understand the impact of victimization caused by bullying on the mental health of adolescents. It is a qualitative investigation conducted with 55 students from 11 public schools in a city of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and reviewed according to content analysis using Atlas TI software. A total of 19 students participating in the study reported having already suffered bullying at school. It was verified in the narratives that the victimization by bullying represents a threat to the health and mental well-being of the students, characterizing itself as a painful, daily and lasting experience in the school trajectory. Four thematic categories were identified: 1) Mental illness attributed to the aggressions suffered; 2) Negative emotions associated with school and peer relationships; 3) Impotence and passivity; and 4) distrust of weak institutional responses. The results can support interventions to promote mental health at school with victimized students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neste relato de experiência como terapeuta em programa governamental na periferia da cidade de São Paulo, o objetivo foi compreender, com enfoque na metodologia socionômica, como técnicos e usuários de um serviço assistencial lidaram com seus desafios do dia a dia no contexto comunitário. Foram identificadas duas sociodinâmicas dos papéis observados: o denominado Sistema Vincular Vitimizado (SVV), que atribui grande parte da responsabilidade dos acontecimentos a terceiros, envolvendo expectativa, culpa, busca de bodes expiatórios e consequente exclusão social; e o denominado Sistema Vincular Cidadão (SVC), que atribui corresponsabilidade, envolvendo diálogo e negociação na procura de soluções viáveis e gerando inclusão social. O SVV se mostrou menos eficiente na superação de desafios e a intervenção socionômica facilitou uma transição do SVV para o SVC.

While some studies suggest that the nature of one's interactions with the community influences one's perceived risk of criminal victimization, only a few pieces of research have tested this association in Brazil. Using four previously existing Brazilian victimization surveys, we conducted logistic models to examine whether social ties and social cohesion are associated with perceived risk and fear of crime. The results showed that only in some contexts did social cohesion manifest an association with fear of crime. Specifically, two components of social cohesion may be relevant for this purpose: trusting neighbours and getting help; and the ability to distinguish neighbours from strangers in the street. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In last few decades, bullying has been considered a widespread transcultural problem across schools around the world. This phenomenon has a strong negative effect upon school climate and students’ well-being. In the present study we have employed a longitudinal approach, with assessment throughout two consecutive school years to analyze if middle school transition (which, in Portugal, takes place one or two years earlier than in previous published studies) influences bullying and victimization prevalence and behaviors, as well as fear of being bullied. The study also analyzes if boys and girls are equally affected by the transition. Results indicate that, after middle school transition, 5th grade students report a higher prevalence of victimization, higher levels of victimization and bullying behaviors, as well as higher levels of fear of being bullied than before the transition (i.e., 4th grade). The results also indicate that only boys report more often being bullies after the transition. Thus, it is possible to conclude that middle school transition in Portugal is accompanied by an increase in bullying victimization and perpetration, particularly for boys. Therefore, the earlier timing of middle school transition in Portugal seems to enhance its negative effective upon bullying prevalence.

Copyright of Sur le Journalisme, About Journalism, Sobre Jornalismo is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental is the property of Revista Eletronica em Gestao, Educacao e Tecnologia Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar fatores escolares, sociodemográficos, nutricionais e de percepção corporal e comportamental associados à vitimização por bullying entre estudantes brasileiros com idade de 13 a 17 anos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com base nos dados da amostra 2 da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015. A amostra do presente estudo é composta de 10.699 adolescentes de escolas de cada grande região do país. Resultados: A prevalência de vitimização por bullying foi de 6,2%, com maiores chances de vitimização em adolescentes que praticam bullying (razão de chances - OR = 1,91, intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% 1,48 - 2,45), com idade de 13 anos (OR = 1,76, IC95% 1,04 - 2,97), que se consideram gordos (OR = 1,45, IC95% 1,06 - 1,98) e não são bem tratados na escola pelos colegas (OR = 2,78, IC95% 2,17 - 3,45). Conclusão: Esforços preventivos que incluam programas de incentivo ao maior suporte social entre os estudantes e a implementação de práticas que reforcem o respeito às diferenças e peculiaridades dos alunos podem contribuir para a redução da vitimização por bullying.

The current political situation in Brazil is characterized by a profound contrast between the propensity for authoritarianism and the desire for a more just and democratic society. This research examines the possible causes of this polarization by testing a model of structural equations. It has been hypothesized that participation in public life depends on the citizenry's reaction to the public and private insecurities (criminality, fear of crime and corruption) that affect Brazilian society. The results indicate that trust in institutions and the capacity for cognitive mobilization are two factors that shape the relationship between insecurities and two irreconcilable visions of political participation: one passive-aggressive and the other proactive and involving protest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to investigate psychopathy traits in offenders that committed sexual offences against children and adolescents, as well as their relationship with life experiences of victimization. The study consisted of 30 inmates serving prison sentences for sexual crimes against children and adolescents, who were divided into two groups: G1, composed of inmates considered psychopathic (PCL-R≥30); and G2, composed of inmates considered non-psychopathic (PCL-R<30). The results showed significant differences between the groups in relation to recidivism, escape and rebellion, showing that the psychopathic inmates were more undisciplined and more likely to reoffend than the non-psychopaths. In addition, there were indications that the G1 participants had suffered more victimization during their lives than those of the other group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to know to what extent to suffer bullying predicts depressive symptoms, besides verifying the moderating role of human values in this relation. A total of 455 children (Mage = 11.36, SD = 1.52, 53.5% girls) participated in this study. The results indicated that depressive symptoms were predicted by victimization of bullying, low scores in suprapersonal, normative and interactive values. Additionally, it was observed that the last two moderated the relation between depression and bullying, being these associations stronger among those participants that give little importance to social values. The results are discussed considering the literature, being suggest possibilities of intervention based on values, seeking to mitigate the negative effects of bullying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review aims to identify the risk factors for becoming a victim of cyberbullying in adolescence, the consequences of this aggression on mental health and the preventive measures mentioned in the literature. The vulnerability for this type of agression seems to be related to the existence of traditional bullying, intro)version profile and /or social anxiety, amount of time spent online and engaging in risky behaviors through electronic means. Adolescents who experience cyberbully)ing are at increased risk for several mental health conditions, such as anxiety and/or depressive disorders, sleeping disorders, eating problems, psychosomatic symptoms, substance use, concentration problems and school absenteeism. Psychologists, child and adolescent psychiatrists and primary care technicians play an important role in the prevention of cyberbullying in adolescents. They can provide information about the risks online, identifying early cases of victimization and thus avoiding the negative consequences on the youth mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Paideia (0103863X) is the property of Paideia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo As crenças no mundo justo (CMJ) têm permitido a compreensão de uma série de fenômenos sociais, o que tem levado ao desenvolvimento de medidas para sua mensuração. O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar evidências de validade de uma versão adaptada da Escala Pessoal de CMJ (CMJ-P). 146 participantes, em sua maioria mulheres (69%), com idades variando de 17 a 66 anos (M = 27,79, DP = 13,67) responderam ao instrumento de CMJ-P, a quatro escalas (CMJ-global, autoestima, bem-estar, religiosidade) para o teste de validade convergente e informaram dados sociodemográficos. Assim como no estudo original, foi encontrada uma solução unifatorial e consistência interna satisfatória (α = 0,83). Adicionalmente, como esperado, foram encontrados relacionamentos positivos da CMJ-P com CMJ-G, autoestima e bem-estar, mas apenas marginalmente significativo com a religiosidade. Verificou-se ainda relação positiva da CMJ-P com a renda e nível de escolaridade. Esta versão adaptada demonstra-se adequada para uso em pesquisas.

Resumo: Objetivo: identificar os determinantes individuais da vitimização, por gênero, no Brasil, a partir de uma abordagem econométrica. Na análise dos determinantes da vitimização no Brasil foram utilizados dados de duas pesquisas realizadas pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE nas quais foram entrevistadas quase 800 mil pessoas de todo o país. Métodos: foram estimados modelos de regressão Probit para encontrar os determinantes da vitimização para homens e mulheres, e da propensão de uma vítima relatar às autoridades judiciárias a ocorrência da violência ou crime.

Copyright of Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais is the property of Centro de Estudos Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to adapt CyberVictimization Cybernetics (FCBVSs) to the Brazilian context, combining fatal evidence and internal consistency, as well as the invariable factorial by the measure in relation to the participants' sex. There were 315 students aged 13 to 20 years (M = 16.80, SD = 0,99), the majority of whom were female (54%), middle class (45.1%), of the third year (54.9%). These responded to (FCBVSs), Bullying Behavior Scale (ECB) and the sociodemographic Questionnaire. The factorial confirming the modeling with more parameters as the most appropriate, plus the corresponding references of Cronbach and McDonald gamma masses higher than 0.70. In this way, it verifies if a FCBVSs presents a valid and reliable measurement, and can be used in future studies to know the correlates of cyberbullying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the effects of crime victimization and the perception of safety on life satisfaction. We estimated an ordered probit model, and results suggest that crime victimization decreased by 1,1% life satisfaction. In addition, an increase in the perception of security for the city and neighborhoods, increase life satisfaction at 7,3% and 1,7% respectively. Further, other groups of variables are included; government satisfaction and the infrastructure of the neighborhood. All of them have a positive relationship with life satisfaction. Finally, results exhibit that the gender does not play an important role in satisfaction, and subjective poverty decreased by 3,8% life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Fear of Crime and Victimization in the Federal District: Analyzing the Vulnerabilities of Gender, Age, Race and Income we analyze the fear of crime and criminal victimization among residents of the Federal District. We will use data from the Distrital Victimization Survey, conducted between 2015 and 2016 by the Public Security Secretariat. We found that the fear only correlates with victimization by theft. As for the profile of people, income proved to be the main determinant of fear and perception of risk and, on the other hand, age is the main determinant of criminal victimization. Gender and race also have a significant impact on determining fear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a response to widespread conceptualizations of street childhood in the global South as a state of misery and marginalization, recent studies tend to portray street children as social agents. However, many refer to "tactical" or "thin" agency in order to point out the limited scope of those young people's practices. Yet, the problem of acknowledging a lower degree of agency is that it separates children and youth living in environments "outside the norm" from those who stay with their parents and attend school. This constellation is particularly inadequate in the realm of street childhood in the global South, as it constructs fixed entities of different life worlds that are indeed fluid since street children frequently move between the various domains of socialization. I propose that the social, spatial and temporal mobilities of street children can best be explored through children's biographical life stories, focusing here on street children in southern Ghana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Perspectiva Econômica is the property of Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of FORO: Revista de Ciencias Juridicas y Sociales Nueva Epoca is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)