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The soil-borne wheat mosaic disease (SBWMD) significantly impacts wheat crops. In Brazil, this disease is caused by the wheat stripe mosaic virus (WhSMV). Typical symptoms of SBWMD were observed in a commercial wheat field in Campos Novos, Santa Catarina, Brazil. This study aimed to elucidate the etiological agent of SBWMD in wheat crop in the state of Santa Catarina. Total RNA was extracted from symptomatic sample using TRIzol, following subsequent RT-PCR. Specific primer pairs were used to amplify genomic regions of 641 bp and 872 bp, corresponding to the coat protein (CP) and partial replicase genes, respectively. Amplicons were sequenced and the resulting nucleotide sequences were compared with WhSMV sequences from GenBank using a BLASTn search. The SDT program was used to determine nucleotide identity, and phylogenetic relationships were established using the MEGA11 software. Analyses were performed on a global dataset that included sequences obtained in this study and sequences previously characterized in South Africa, Paraguay and Brazil. The nucleotide sequences showed an identity ranging from 94% to 100% for the two analyzed regions when subjected to paired analysis. Based on specific primers amplification and aminoacid sequence of CP identity higher than 90% when compared to other isolates, the viral isolate characterized in this study is WhSMV. Phylogenetic analyses revealed two distinct clades. Notably no demarcation was observed between the WhSMV isolate characterized in this study and Brazilian isolates previously characterized, indicating a close relationship between them. This is the first report of WhSMV associated with wheat mosaic disease in Santa Catarina, Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A partir do surgimento da pandemia do novo coronavírus (Covid-19), houve a necessidade de realizar o diagnóstico molecular por meio da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase antecedida de transcrição reversa (RT-qPCR) em tempo real, padrão ouro para sua identificação. A Extensão Universitária remete ao desenvolvimento de ações para uma relação transformadora entre Universidade e Sociedade. Este trabalho objetiva realizar um relato de experiência acerca da criação do Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular da Covid-19 (LabCoV), doença causada pelo SARS-CoV-2, ampliando o acesso ao diagnóstico e contribuindo para a saúde coletiva. O LabCoV integra a rede baiana de vigilância molecular das viroses emergentes e reemergentes, e está habilitado pelo LACEN/BA a receber amostras clínicas utilizando o sistema Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial (GAL) do Sistema Único de Saúde, de profissionais de saúde dos municípios e trabalhadores da saúde em geral, suspeitos ou contactantes. Nesse sentido, um grupo multiprofissional, buscando assumir seu compromisso e responsabilidade social, viabilizou a implantação do LabCoV, por meio de editais públicos. O LabCoV proporcionou o atendimento a alguns municípios dos territórios do Recôncavo, Portal do Sertão e Vale do Jiquiriçá da Bahia, e auxiliou os gestores municipais por meio do diagnóstico precoce, minimizando os surtos no ambiente de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde. Além disso, foram realizadas ações que pudessem contribuir para a troca de conhecimentos, por meio da realização de atividades formativas/educativas sobre a temática, estabelecendo uma rede de compartilhamento de saberes e experiências com cientistas e membros da sociedade. Palavras-chave: Saúde Coletiva; Pandemia; Viroses Covid-19 prevention through molecular diagnosis of Sars-CoV-2: an experience report Abstract: With the emergence of the new coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic, there was a need to carry out molecular diagnostics using real-time polymerase chain reaction preceded by reverse transcription (RT-qPCR), the gold standard for its identification. University Extension involves the development of actions for a transformative relationship between University and Society. The aim of this work is to report on the experience of setting up the Laboratory for the Molecular Diagnosis of Covid-19 (LabCoV), a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, expanding access to diagnosis and contributing to public health. LabCoV is part of the Bahian network for the molecular surveillance of emerging and re-emerging viruses, and is authorized by LACEN/BA to receive clinical samples using the Unified Health System's Laboratory Environment Manager (GAL) system, from health professionals in the municipalities and health workers in general, whether suspected or in contact. In this sense, a multi-professional group, seeking to assume its commitment and social responsibility, made the implementation of LabCoV possible through public calls for proposals. The LabCoV provided services to some municipalities in the Recôncavo, Portal do Sertão and Vale do Jiquiriçá territories of Bahia, and helped municipal managers through early diagnosis, minimizing outbreaks in the work environment of health professionals. In addition, actions were carried out that could contribute to the exchange of knowledge, by carrying out training/educational activities on the subject, establishing a network for sharing knowledge and experiences with scientists and members of society. Keywords: Public Health; Pandemic; Viruses

With the emergence of the new coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic, there was a need to carry out molecular diagnostics using real-time polymerase chain reaction preceded by reverse transcription (RT-qPCR), the gold standard for its identification. University Extension involves the development of actions for a transformative relationship between University and Society. The aim of this work is to report on the experience of setting up the Laboratory for the Molecular Diagnosis of Covid-19 (LabCoV), a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, expanding access to diagnosis and contributing to public health. LabCoV is part of the Bahian network for the molecular surveillance of emerging and re-emerging viruses, and is authorized by LACEN/BA to receive clinical samples using the Unified Health System's Laboratory Environment Manager (GAL) system, from health professionals in the municipalities and health workers in general, whether suspected or in contact. In this sense, a multi-professional group, seeking to assume its commitment and social responsibility, made the implementation of LabCoV possible through public calls for proposals. The LabCoV provided services to some municipalities in the Recôncavo, Portal do Sertão and Vale do Jiquiriçá territories of Bahia, and helped municipal managers through early diagnosis, minimizing outbreaks in the work environment of health professionals. In addition, actions were carried out that could contribute to the exchange of knowledge, by carrying out training/educational activities on the subject, establishing a network for sharing knowledge and experiences with scientists and members of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology / Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT: The occurrence of antibodies against canine distemper virus (CDV), parvovirus and Ehrlichia spp. in wild captive carnivores was evaluated in a zoological park in midwestern Brazil. Serum samples were collected between 2007 and 2014 from 45 carnivores. Antibodies were evaluated by virus neutralization assay for CDV, hemagglutination inhibition test for parvovirus, indirect immunofluorescent and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Ehrlichia spp. Antibodies against CDV and parvovirus were detected in 75% of Canidae and Felidae. Procyonidae were negative for CDV, although one Mustelidae was positive. TwoCanidae presented antibodies reactive to E. canis antigens. The high antibodies rates to CDV and parvovirus suggest the contact with both pathogens, however since no clinical history of disease are registered in the Zoo-UFMT, we can presume that carnivores have responded satisfactorily against the antigens. The low serological rates observed against Ehrlichia spp. may be resulted to the low occurrence of ticks among carnivores.

The World Health Organization (WHO) was informed on December 2019 about a coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei province (China). Subsequently, on March 12, 2020, 125,048 cases and 4,614 deaths were reported. Coronavirus is an enveloped RNA virus, from the genus Betacoronavirus, that is distributed in birds, humans, and other mammals. WHO has named the novel coronavirus disease as COVID-19. More than 80 clinical trials have been launched to test coronavirus treatment, including some drug repurposing or repositioning for COVID-19. Hence, we performed a search in March 2020 of the clinicaltrials.gov database. The eligibility criteria for the retrieved studies were: contain a clinicaltrials.gov base identifier number; describe the number of participants and the period for the study; describe the participants' clinical conditions; and utilize interventions with medicines already studied or approved for any other disease in patients infected with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV). It is essential to emphasize that this article only captured trials listed in the clinicaltrials.gov database. We identified 24 clinical trials, involving more than 20 medicines, such as human immunoglobulin, interferons, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, arbidol, remdesivir, favipiravir, lopinavir, ritonavir, oseltamivir, methylprednisolone, bevacizumab, and traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). Although drug repurposing has some limitations, repositioning clinical trials may represent an attractive strategy because they facilitate the discovery of new classes of medicines; they have lower costs and take less time to reach the market; and there are existing pharmaceutical supply chains for formulation and distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A rapid systematic review was carried out to evaluate the current evidence related to the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in breast milk from pregnant women with COVID-19. Eight studies analyzing the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the breast milk of 24 pregnant women with COVID-19 during the third trimester of pregnancy were found. All patients had fever and/or symptoms of acute respiratory illness and chest computed tomography images indicative of COVID-19 pneumonia. Most pregnant women had cesarean delivery (91.7%) and two neonates had low birthweight (< 2 500 g). Biological samples collected immediately after birth from upper respiratory tract (throat or nasopharyngeal) of neonates and placental tissues showed negative results for the presence SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR test. No breast milk samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 and, to date, there is no evidence on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in breast milk of pregnant women with COVID-19. However, data are still limited and breastfeeding of women with COVID-19 remains a controversial issue. There are no restrictions on the use of milk from a human breast milk bank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is transmitted mainly through droplets, sneezes and aerosols, there is a high risk of transmission during dental procedures. This report describes measures that can be adopted by oral healthcare personnel to minimize the risk of cross-contamination in clinical practice during the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To describe perinatal and neonatal outcomes in newborns exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Methods. A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed Central, LILACS, and Google Scholar using the keywords 'covid ' AND 'newborn' OR 'child' OR 'infant,' on 18 March 2020, and again on 17 April 2020. One researcher conducted the search and extracted data on demographics, maternal outcomes, diagnostic tests, imaging, and neonatal outcomes. Results. Of 256 publications identified, 20 met inclusion criteria and comprised neonatal outcome data for 222 newborns whose mothers were suspected or confirmed to be SARS-CoV-2 positive perinatally (17 studies) or of newborns referred to hospital with infection/pneumonia (3 studies). Most (12 studies) were case-series reports; all were from China, except three (Australia, Iran, and Spain). Of the 222 newborns, 13 were reported as positive for SARS-CoV-2; most of the studies reported no or mild symptoms and no adverse perinatal outcomes. Two papers among those from newborns who tested positive reported moderate or severe clinical characteristics. Five studies using data on umbilical cord blood, placenta, and/or amniotic fluid reported no positive results. Nine studies reported radiographic imaging, including 5 with images of pneumonia, increased lung marking, thickened texture, or high-density nodular shadow. Minor, non-specific changes in biochemical variables were reported. Studies that tested breast milk reported negative SARS-CoV-2 results. Conclusions. Given the paucity of studies at this time, vertical transmission cannot be confirmed or denied. Current literature does not support abstaining from breastfeeding nor separating mothers and newborns. Further evidence and data collection networks, particularly in the Americas, are needed for establishing definitive guidelines and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Italy and South Korea have two distinctly different healthcare systems, causing them to respond to public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic in markedly different ways. Differences exist in medical education for both countries, allowing South Korean medical graduates to have a more holistic education in comparison to their Italian counterparts, who specialize in medical education earlier on. Additionally, there are fewer South Korean physicians per 1000 people in South Korea compared to Italian physicians per 1000 people in Italy. However, both countries have a national healthcare system with universal healthcare coverage. Despite this underlying similarity, the two countries addressed COVID-19 in nearly opposite manners. South Korea employed technology and the holistic education of its physician community, despite having a smaller proportion of physicians in society, to its advantage by implementing efficacious drive-through centers that test suspected individuals rapidly and with little to no contact with healthcare staff, decreasing the possibility of transmission of COVID-19. Conversely, Italy is presently considered the epicenter of the outbreak in Europe and has recorded the highest death toll of any country outside of mainland China. This is partially due to the reactionary nature of Italy's public health measures compared to South Korea's proactive response. The different healthcare responses of South Korea and Italy can inform decisions made by public health bodies in other countries, especially in countries across the Americas, which can selectively adopt policies that have worked in curtailing the spread of COVID-19 and learn from mistakes made by both countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an integrative review on the effects of Slow and Prolonged Expiration (ELPr) associated with respiratory physiotherapy techniques in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis (BVA). BVA is a bronchiole injury caused by viral infection, which obstructs the small airways in infants. The integrative review used the databases PUBmed, LILACS, Scielo, and Cochrane, selecting clinical trials and reviews published between 2012 and 2024. Three clinical trials and one integrative review were included, which showed that ELPr associated with other techniques reduces the severity of BVA in infants, but the effectiveness in oxygen therapy and respiratory discomfort is uncertain. [Extracted from the article]

Surgical Site Infections (SSI) are infections related to surgical procedures in inpatients and outpatients, indicated with high prevalence in relation to infections linked to preventable health care. Thus, the objective of the study is to perform a review on bacterial, fungal and viral infections in surgical site in relation to clinical, diagnostic and epidemiological aspects. A bibliographic and exploratory research was carried out and the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Capes Periodicals and the Pubmed to search the articles were consulted. As for the clinical aspects, the phlogistic signs that allow to identify an inflammatory picture, being a response of the organism to some aggressive agent. Among the bacterial diagnostic methods, the most used ones are the color smear examination, cultural and biochemical characteristics, ELISA, PCR and SAR. As for the detection of fungi and yeasts are the production of the germ tube, micro-culture in agar-tween 80 agar, assimilation of carbohydrates or nitrogen and fermentation of carbohydrates. For viruses, virus isolation, cell culture, laboratory animals and embryonated eggs may be used. Although bacterial infections account for most surgical infections, fungal and viral infections can also be seen in hospital settings and their diagnosis needs to be performed as soon as possible for proper treatment, reducing costs for medical services and length of stay of the patient in the hospital environment, also reducing other risks of infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermagem Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Com o objetivo de pesquisar doenças virais em equinos de vaquejada foram coletadas amostras das raças Quarto de Milha e Paint Horse, machos e fêmeas, com idade variando entre 2 e 15 anos, criados nas zonas rural e urbana do município de Mossoró, Rio grande do Norte, Brasil. O número de amostras coletadas e testadas variaram durante a realização das técnicas: 132 amostras de soro foram testadas para estomatite vesicular (EV) e arterite viral equina (AVE), 118 para encefalomielite leste e oeste (EEL/EEO), 114 para herpesvírus tipo 1 (HVE-1) e 61 para influenza equina (IE). As técnicas utilizadas variaram de acordo com a enfermidade pesquisada: EV (cepas virais Ribeirão e Alagoas), AVE, HVE-1 e EEL/EEO foram pesquisados pela técnica de soroneutralização em culturas de células da linhagem Vero; enquanto a pesquisa para IE tipo-2 (H3N8) foi realizada pela técnica de inibição da hemaglutinação. Foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: 39 (29,55% cepa Alagoas) e 6 (4,54% cepa Ribeirão) de equinos positivos para EV (n=132), nenhum animal positivo para AVE (n=132), EEL/EEO (n=118) com positividade de 11,01% (n=13) e 0,84%(n=1) respectivamente; e 22 (19,29%) de equinos positivos para HVE-1 (n=114). Quanto às variáveis, histórico de doenças respiratórias e reprodutivas, as mesmas foram estatisticamente significativas (p=0.02) em relação à presença de anticorpos contra HVE-1. Este é a primeira descrição de soroprevalência de enfermidades virais em equinos de vaquejada no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil.

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Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Ry adg allele is widely used by breeders to confer extreme resistance to all strains of PVY. However, the necrotic strain has increased recombination resulting in recent considerable losses in productivity. Thus far, not all necrotic recombinant strains of PVY have been tested for their reaction to the Ry gene. The objective of this study was to identify potato clones carrying the resistant allele and to assess their reaction to the following recombinant strains: NTN (PVY NTN), Wilga (PVY N-Wi), and "curly top" (PVY E). Advanced clones from the potato breeding program at Universidade Federal de Lavras were evaluated through a specific molecular marker for the Ry adg allele. The clones carrying the resistance allele were grafted on tobacco plants infected with necrotic recombinant strains of PVY. The clones carrying the allele for resistance to PVY were not infected with any of the recombinants during the grafting test. These results confirm that resistance to necrotic recombinant strains has not yet been overcome and that the Ry adg allele also confers resistance to the three recombinant strains tested.

The expression Gumprecht shadows historically refers to lymphocyte lysates commonly observed in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). A literature review revealed that this term is restricted to CLL cases, and should not be applied to lymphocytosis-related conditions. Inappropriate use of this term can cause great anxiety in individuals receiving their blood count results, as well as in their families. In a web search engine commonly used to clear doubts on medical terms, there are countless pages where Gumprecht shadows are associated with CLL.

Rugose wood disease complex is one of the most important graft-transmissible grapevine diseases and it is considered to be a viral disease. With the aim to obtain more information about appearance of rugose wood disease observed on cultivar ‘Refošk’, ‘Refošk’ vines from collection vineyard in Komen were used for green grafting on SO4 rootstock and autografts for control were made as well. Rugose wood symptoms were observed on grafts of two ‘Refošk’ biotypes, which confirmed graft transmissibility. Appearance of rugose wood symptoms on autografts excluded the impact of incompatibility in rugose wood disease, but at the same time it could be proposed that stress caused by grafting has an important role.

Copyright of Reanimation is the property of Lavoisier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJETIVO: A associação entre depressão e viroses é estudada há quase dois séculos, com resultados conflitantes. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma análise crítica dos estudos existentes na literatura sobre essa relação. MÉTODOS: A pesquisa bibliográfica utilizou as fontes eletrônicas de busca MEDLINE e LILACS (1966 a agosto 2005). As referências dos artigos foram utilizadas como fonte adicional de consulta. RESULTADOS: Foram abordados os trabalhos que trataram da associação entre depressão e os vírus HIV, HCV, EBV, influenza, HSV, HBV, HAV, BDV e HTLV. A relação entre HIV e depressão mostrou-se bem documentada na literatura. Existem indícios de que a prevalência desse transtorno nos indivíduos infectados pelo HIV seja maior que a encontrada nos soronegativos. Além disso, estudos constataram que a depressão está associada a pior prognóstico da infecção. Quanto à associação entre HCV e depressão, os trabalhos sugeriram maior prevalência desse transtorno psiquiátrico nos portadores do HCV comparados à população geral. Não existem evidências científicas suficientes para dar suporte à relação entre os demais vírus e depressão. CONCLUSÃO: As associações mais bem fundamentadas foram aquelas entre depressão e os vírus HIV e HCV. A relação entre as demais viroses e depressão precisa ser mais bem estudada, e trabalhos com delineamento adequado se fazem necessários.OBJECTIVE: The association between depression and viruses has been evaluated for almost two centuries now, with conflicting results. The objective of the present study is to perform a critical review of published studies in the literature about this relationship. METHODS: Databases MEDLINE and LILACS were searched between 1966 and 2005 (until August). The references of the articles were used as additional source of data. RESULTS: Studies about the link between depression and infection with viruses HIV, HCV, EBV, influenza, HSV, HBV, HAV, BDV and HTLV were analyzed. The association between HIV and depression was well documented in literature. There are evidences that the prevalence of this disorder in HIV-infected individuals is greater than that found in seronegatives. Moreover, studies concluded that depression is associated with a worse course of infection. Regarding the link between HCV and depression, studies suggested a greater prevalence of this psychiatric disorder in HCV-infected people compared with general population. There is not enough scientific evidence to support the association between other viruses and depression. CONCLUSION: The best-studied relationships were those between depression and viruses HIV and HCV. Regarding the association of other viruses with depression, more research is needed.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência de infecção viral em asma aguda em pacientes atendidos em setor de adultos de um serviço de emergência. MÉTODOS: Conduzimos um estudo de coorte de pacientes que se apresentaram com asma aguda no setor de adultos do Serviço de Emergência do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (idade > 12 anos). Um aspirado nasofaríngeo foi obtido para detecção de antígenos com a técnica de coloração de imunofluorescência indireta para os vírus sincicial respiratório, adenovírus, influenza e parainfluenza tipos 1, 2, 3 e 4. Foram coletados dados referentes a características demográficas, história médica pregressa, crise que levou à atual visita ao serviço de emergência e desfechos da crise. RESULTADOS: No período de março a julho de 2004, 49 pacientes foram examinados para infecção viral do trato respiratório. Foram identificados vírus respiratórios em 6 pacientes (3 com adenovírus, 2 com influenza A e 1 com parainfluenza tipo 1). Os pacientes com infecção viral do trato respiratório apresentaram média de idade de 61,7 ± 11,5 anos, enquanto que os pacientes sem infecção viral apresentaram média de idade de 41,7 ± 20,9 anos (p = 0,027). Não houve outras diferenças significativas quanto às características clínicas e desfechos. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo mostra uma incidência de 12,24% de infecção viral do trato respiratório na asma aguda em pacientes com idade igual ou maior que doze anos atendidos em sala de emergência, o que confirma a infecção viral como um desencadeante nessa faixa etária.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of viral infection in patients with acute asthma treated in the emergency room. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study of patients aged 12 and older presenting to the emergency room of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre with acute asthma. Nasopharyngeal aspirate was collected, and antigens were detected through indirect immunofluorescence staining for respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and influenza, as well as for parainfluenza types 1, 2, 3 and 4. Data were collected regarding demographic characteristics, medical history, the attack that led to the current emergency room visit, and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: From March to July of 2004, 49 patients were examined for viral infection of the respiratory tract. Respiratory viruses were identified in 6 patients (3 with adenovirus, 2 with influenza A, 1 with parainfluenza type 1). The mean age of the patients with viral infection of the respiratory tract was 61.7 ± 11.5 years, compared with 41.7 ± 20.9 years for the patients without such infection (p = 0.027). There were no other significant differences in clinical characteristics or outcomes. CONCLUSION: The incidence of viral infection of the respiratory tract in acute asthma patients 12 years and older treated in an emergency room was 12.2%, which confirms that viral infection is a significant precipitant of acute asthma for patients in this age bracket.