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Many natural substances exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and considerable potential in prophylaxis and treatment of allergies. Knowing exact molecular targets, which is required for developing these as medicinal products, is often challenging for multicomponent compositions. In the present study we examined novel polyphenolic substance, a water-soluble fraction of wood lignin (laboratory code BP-Cx-1). In our previous study, a number of polyphenolic components of BP-Cx-1 (flavonoids, sapogenins, phenanthrenes etc.) were identified as the major carriers of biological activity of BP-Cx drug family, and several molecular targets involved in cancer and/or inflammation signaling pathways were proposed based on the results of the in vitro and in silico screening studies. In the present study, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BP-Cx-1 was established with a radioligand method and a range of IC50 values between 22.8 and 40.3 μg/ml were obtained for adenosine receptors A1, A2A and prostaglandin receptors EP2, IP (PGI2). IC50 for serotonin 5-HT1 and for glucocorticoid GR receptors were 3.0 μg/ml and 12.6 μg/ml, respectively, both being within the range of BP-Cx-1 concentrations achievable in in vivo models. Further, distribution of [3H] labelled BP-Cx-1 in NIH3T3 murine fibroblasts and MCF7/R carcinoma cells was studied with autoradiography. [3H]-BP-Cx-1 (visualized as silver grains produced by tritium beta particles) was mainly localized along the cell membrane, in the perinuclear region and in the nucleus, suggesting ability of BP-Cx-1 to enter cells and bind to membrane or cytosol receptors. In our experiment, we observed the effect of BP-Cx-1 on maturation of dendritic cells (DCs): downregulation of expression of the lipid-presentation molecule CD1a, co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD83 and CD 40, decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and TNF-α and increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. It is hypothesized that [3H]-BP-Cx-1 detectable in the nucleus is part of the activated GR complex, known to be involved in regulation of transcription of genes responsible for the anti-inflammatory response. Based on IC50, cell distribution data and results of the experiment with DCs it is suggested that the in vivo effects of BP-Cx-1 are mediated via GR and 5-HT1 receptors thus promoting development of tolerogenic effector function in dendritic cells.

The conference "Results and prospects of development of new polyphenolic drugs for cancer patients" took place at the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology (PNMRCO) on May 31, 2017, and gathered researchers involved in development and evaluation of medicinal products based on the novel lignin-derived soluble polyphenolic polymer BP-Cx-1. BP-Cx-1 is the platform for a portfolio of innovative pharmacological products such as BP-C1, BP-C2 and BP-C3.

There remains an unmet medical need for radioprotective and mitigative agents. BP-C2 is a novel lignin-derived polyphenolic composition with ammonium molybdate, developed as radioprotector/radiomitigator.The present study evaluated BP-C2 for the mitigation of acute radiation syndrome (ARS).A total-body irradiation mouse model (TBI, 4.0-8.0 Gy) was used in the study.In a 30-day survival study, performed in CBA mice, BP-C2, at a dosage of 81.0 mg/kg, improved survival (dose reduction factor (DRF) = 1.1) and increased the formation of endogenous spleen colony-forming units (CFU). In C57BL/6 mice, BP-C2, when administered daily for 7 days, starting 24 hours after TBI, also improved survival. In animals irradiated with 5.0 Gy, BP-C2 increased the number of CFUs (6.7 ± 5.1) compared to the 5.0 Gy placebo group (2.3 ± 2.3, p = .0245). The number of surviving intestinal crypts was maintained in the 5.0 Gy BP-C2 group (133.7 ± 13.9), in contrast to the 5.0 Gy placebo group (124.2 ± 10.5, p .0023). BP-C2 also increased the number of LGR5 + positive cells in intestinal crypts.BP-C2 mitigates radiation-induced damage in mid-lethal range of radiation doses. Effects are mediated by enhancement of extramedullar hematopoiesis in the spleen and a protective effect on the intestinal epithelium.

Justified practical implementation matrix radiometric systems (multibeam antennas and multichannel radiometric receivers), designed to create images of ground objects on board aircraft for various purposes. Formation of two-dimensional images in a short time exposure as possible due to the application of the matrix radiometric information sensors, and with the use of multi-channel radiometric sensors based multiplexing with separation in the form of signals using the Walsh function.

The design procedure of noise temperature of antenna - non-uniformly heated radome system, taking into account multiple reflections inside a radome wall is offered. The results of noise temperature calculations for each of partial directivity diagram of the multibeam antenna and influence of radiometric images distortions brought at it on position finding reliability of radiometric navigation systems are presented.

A class of the apodizating pupil neccessary functions (PF)s which affords non-negativity of the point spread function (PSF) or the line-spread function (LSF) has been proposed previously, and we also examine a class of the PFs which affords non-negativity and monotonic decrease of the PSF or LSF on both sides of the maximum. Such a behavior of the PSF or LSF makes it possible to suppress oscillations in the image of the extended object edge, but it increases the shift and spreading of the image edge, because these phenomena are mutually complementary.

Phase transformation occurs in thin films of metals after bombardment with He+, N+, and Ar+ ions at an energy of 30 keV in the dose range of 1015 up to 1018 ions/cm2. The transformation of b.c.c. to f.c.c. to h.c.p. takes place in Fe and Mo films; f.c.c. to h.c.p. in Ni films; h.c.p. to f.c.c. in Ti films. The results are explained considering the storage of radiation defects when bombarding with ions of medium energy. Es wird gezeigt, das in dunnen Metallschichten nach Bombardierung mit He+-, N+- und Ar+-Ionen einer Energie von 30 keV bei Bestrahlungsdosen von 1015 bis 1018 Ionen/cm2 eine Phasentransformation erfolgt. Es finden folgende Transformationen statt: k.r.z. nach k.f.z. nach hexagonal-dichtest-gepackt in Fe- und Mo-Schichten; k.f.z. nach hexagonal-dichtest-gepackt in Ni-Schichten, hexagonal-dichtest-gepackt nach k.f.z. in Ti-Schichten. Die Ergebnisse werden unter Berucksichtigung der Tatsache diskutiert, das bei Bombardierung mit Ionen mittlerer Energie Strahlungsdefekte gespeichert werden.

The crystallite growth and pore production in Ni films bombarded with He + and N + ions at a bombarding temperature T b of 720 K have been studied by transmission electron microscopy. The distribution of pore sizes was dependent on the subsequent annealing temperature. The rate of helium yield from the bombarded films during annealing depended on the bombardment temperature. Our results are discussed from the point of view of defect mobility changes as well as changes in the type of defect-impurity bond.

Mossbauer spectra for iron-57 are reported for alloys containing up to 27 at.% rhenium. The cobalt-57 was introduced by diffusion annealing as the parent isotope for the iron-57. Diffusion annealing at 1080°C for 16 hr causes the cobalt to diffuse mainly along lattice defects (dislocations and grain boundaries). These defects give rise to regions whose electronic structure differs from that of the matrix. The precise type of structure and the number of such regions are complex functions of the alloy composition and structural state. Results are given on the iron-57 spectra for tungsten, rhenium, the σ phase, and an alloy in the two-phase region.

An investigation was made of the diffusion of uranium in molybdenum, niobium, zirconium and titanium. The diffusion coefficients were established by measuring the integral activity of the residue of the sample, using the α-radiation of uranium enriched up to 90 per cent with 236U, at temperatures of 1500–2000°C (for molybdenum and niobium) and 915–1200°C (for zirconium and titanium). The temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients was presented as D Mo U = 7.60 × 10 3 exp(− 76400/RT)cm 2 /sec; D Nb U = 8.90 × 10 −2 exp(− 76800/RT)cm 2 /sec; D Zr U = 7.77 × 10 −5 exp(− 25800/RT)cm 2 /sec; D Ti U = 4.90 × 10 −4 exp(− 76400/RT)cm 2 /sec; The substantial differences between the diffusion mobility and activation energy values of molybdenum and niobium on the one hand and zirconium and titanium on the other are probably due to defects in the crystal lattice, such as excess vacancies in zirconium and titanium due to polymorphic transformation.