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1. Searching for cosmic ray anisotropy using the calorimeter in the PAMELA experiment

Author

A. V. Karelin, Nicola Mori, W. Menn, Y. Wu, Andrea Vacchi, S. V. Borisov, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Giovanna Jerse, M. F. Runtso, A. M. Galper, R. Belotti, S. A. Voronov, A. N. Kvashnin, A. G. Mayorov, P. Picozza, C. Pizzolotto, Mirko Boezio, G. I. Vasilyev, R. Carbone, P. Spillantini, A. Bruno, L. Consiglio, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, C. De Santis, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Alfonso Monaco, N. De Simone, Laura Rossetto, Yu. T. Yurkin, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, G. Castellini, Yu. I. Stozhkov, Giuseppe Osteria, Gianluigi Zampa, S. Bottai, V. V. Malakhov, V. G. Zverev, M. P. De Pascale, S. Yu. Krutkov, M. Bongi, E. A. Bogomolov, N. Zampa, Roberta Sparvoli, A. A. Leonov, Lorenzo Bonechi, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, L. Marcelli, O. Adriani, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, F. Cafagna, I. A. Danilchenko, S. V. Koldashov, Marco Ricci, E. Mocchiutti, M. Simon, V. Di Felice, V. Malvezzi, V. Bonvicini, A., Karelin, O., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R., Belotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S. h., Borisov, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, Y., Wu, A., Galper, I., Danilchenko, M. D., Pascale, C. D., Santi, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, G., Jerse, V., Zverev, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R. h., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, A., Kvashnin, S., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, Consiglio, Lucia, S., Krutkov, A., Leonov, V., Malvezzi, L., Marcelli, A., Mayorov, V., Malakhov, W., Menn, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Osteria, Giuseppe, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, M., Runtso, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, and Y., Yurkin

Subjects
Physics, Range (particle radiation), Scintillation, genetic structures, Calorimeter (particle physics), PAMELA detector, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Electron, Radiation, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Calorimeters, law, A-particles, Cosmic ray anisotropy, Cosmic ray spectra, Electron component, Experiment study, Nuclear components, Position sensitive, Secondary particle, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Anisotropy, Cosmic rays, Experiment, Anisotropy
Abstract

The satellite-borne PAMELA experiment studies cosmic ray spectra over a wide range of energies. The instrument was placed in orbit in June 2006 and remains there to the present day. A position-sensitive calorimeter is one of the main parts of the PAMELA instrument. The calorimeter data are used to determine the energy of particles that interact within it, separate the electron component of the detected radiation from the nuclear component, and reconstruct the tracks of particles passing through the instrument. The special calorimeter and S4 scintillation shower detector triggers enables us to expand our statistics considerably. Using the calorimeter data in generating these triggers means we can study the anisotropy of cosmic rays with energies in excess of tens of GeV. This method of anisotropy detection is based on reconstructing the direction of a particle's arrival from the axis of the secondary particle cascade in the calorimeter. ?????? 2013 Allerton Press, Inc.

Published
2013

2. The PAMELA Mission: Heralding a new era in precision cosmic ray physics

Author

D. Campana, Marco Casolino, M. P. De Pascale, A. M. Galper, N. De Simone, M. Bongi, Mirko Boezio, A. V. Karelin, G. Castellini, R. Carbone, O. Adriani, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, V. V. Malakhov, N. Zampa, S. Bottai, W. Menn, A. Bruno, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Valerio Formato, Roberta Sparvoli, Sergey Koldashov, G. Zampa, Roberto Bellotti, Alfonso Monaco, Ugo Giaccari, A. N. Kvashnin, P. Picozza, Riccardo Munini, Ritabrata Sarkar, Andrea Vacchi, P. Spillantini, Y. T. Yurkin, M. D. Kheymits, V. G. Zverev, L. Marcelli, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, Laura Rossetto, V. Di Felice, E. Mocchiutti, V. Bonvicini, S.Yu. Krut‘kov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Matteo Martucci, Juan Wu, Y. I. Stozhkov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, C. Pizzolotto, A. G. Mayorov, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, Marco Ricci, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, F. Cafagna, G. Osteria, Nicola Mori, C. De Santis, G. I. Vasilyev, N. N. Nikonov, Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Pascale, M. P., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Giaccari, U., Karelin, A. V., Kheymits, M. D., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, Riccardo, Nikonov, N., Osteria, G., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Piccozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Sarkar, R., Simon, M., Sparsoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Wu, J., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V. G., O. b., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R. g., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, M. b., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A. g., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R. h., Carbone, P. k., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, M. n., De, C. n., De, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, V. o., Formato, A., Galper, U., Giaccari, A., Karelin, M., Kheymit, S., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S., Krut'Kov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M. q., Martucci, A., Mayorov, W., Menn, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A. g., Monaco, N. b., Mori, R. j. k, N. l. n, Osteria, Giuseppe, P., Papini, M. k., Pearce, P. n., Picozza, C. s., T., M., Ricci, S. m., Ricciarini, L. k., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, M., Simon, R. n., Sparvoli, P. b., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, J. k., U., Y., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Light nucleus, Antimatter, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Particle detectors, Cosmic rays, Earth's magnetosphere, Heliosphere, Physics and Astronomy (all), Computer Science::Robotics, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Payload, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Physics::Space Physics, Earth’s magnetosphere, Satellite, Particle detector
Abstract

On the 15th of June 2006, the PAMELA (Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics) satellite-borne experiment was launched onboard the Russian Resurs-DK1 satellite by a Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur space centre. The satellite was placed in a quasi-polar 70°inclination orbit at an altitude varying between 350 km and 600 km.New results on the antiparticle component of the cosmic radiation were obtained. The positron energy spectrum and positron fraction were measured from 400 MeV up to 200 GeV revealing a positron excess over the predictions of commonly used propagation models. This can be interpreted either as evidence that the propagation models should be revised or in terms of dark matter annihilation or a pulsar contribution. The antiproton spectrum was measured over the energy range from 60 MeV to 350 GeV. The antiproton spectrum is consistent with secondary production and significantly constrains dark matter models.The energy spectra of protons and helium nuclei were measured up to 1.2 TV. The spectral shapes of these two species are different and cannot be described well by a single power law. For the first time the electron spectrum was measured up to 600 GeV complementing the information obtained from the positron data. Nuclear and isotopic composition was obtained with unprecedented precision.The variation of the low energy proton, electron and positron energy spectra was measured from July 2006 until December 2009 accurately sampling the unusual conditions of the most recent solar minimum activity period (2006-2009). Low energy particle spectra were accurately measured also for various solar events that occurred during the PAMELA mission.The Earth's magnetosphere was studied measuring the particle radiation in different regions of the magnetosphere. Energy spectra and composition of sub-cutoff and trapped particles were obtained. For the first time a belt of trapped antiprotons was detected in the South Atlantic Anomaly region. The flux was found to exceed that for galactic cosmic-ray antiprotons by three order of magnitude. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.

Published
2014

3. New measurements of the energy spectra of high-energy cosmic-ray protons and helium nuclei with the calorimeter in the PAMELA experiment

Author

V. Bonvicini, P. Spillantini, S. Bottai, S. Yu. Krutkov, V. G. Zverev, N. De Simone, Alfonso Monaco, N. Zampa, R. Sarkar, C. Pizzolotto, Nicola Mori, M. Simon, Yu. T. Yurkin, A. A. Leonov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Roberta Sparvoli, O. Adriani, P. Papini, W. Menn, V. Di Felice, E. Vannuccini, S. A. Voronov, Per Carlson, V. Malvezzi, P. Picozza, A. M. Galper, F. Cafagna, Mirko Boezio, Marco Ricci, G. I. Vasilyev, M. Merge, M. Bongi, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Carbone, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, C. De Santis, A. Bruno, Matteo Martucci, C. De Donato, F. Palma, Gianluigi Zampa, V. V. Mikhailov, Andrea Vacchi, Yu. I. Stozhkov, L. Marcelli, Giuseppe Osteria, A. G. Mayorov, E. Mocchiutti, G. Castellini, V. V. Malakhov, L. Boneci, E. A. Bogomolov, Roberto Bellotti, A. N. Kvashnin, Sergey Koldashov, D. Campana, A. V. Karelin, Marco Casolino, A., Karelin, O., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, L., Boneci, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, A., Galper, C. D., Donato, C. D., Santi, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, V., Zverev, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R. h., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, A., Kvashnin, S., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, A., Leonov, V., Malvezzi, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A., Mayorov, V., Malakhov, W., Menn, M., Merge, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Osteria, Giuseppe, F., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, and Y., Yurkin

Subjects
Physics, PAMELA detector, Solid-state physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Alpha particle, respiratory system, Spectral line, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), chemistry, Energy spectra, Event selection, Helium nuclei, Measurements of, Position sensitive, Satellite-borne experiment, law, Protons, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment, Helium, Calorimeters, Cosmic rays, Experiments, Helium, Spectroscopy
Abstract

New measurements of the energy spectra of cosmic-ray protons and helium nuclei with significantly increased statistics owing to an improvement of the event selection technique and the involvement of all data over the period 2006?????????2013 in the analysis have been made at energies above 0.8 TeV/nucleon with a position-sensitive calorimeter based on data from the PAMELA satellite-borne experiment.

Published
2014

4. PRECISE COSMIC RAYS MEASUREMENTS WITH PAMELA

Author

S. V. Borisov, G. Zampa, S. A. Voronov, N. De Simone, P. Spillantini, E. A. Bogomolov, A. V. Karelin, C. De Santis, William Gillard, Giovanna Jerse, L. Marcelli, A. G. Mayorov, A. Vacchi, Laura Rossetto, V. V. Mikhailov, V. G. Zverev, G. C. Barbarino, G. Osteria, F. Palma, O. Adriani, R. Carbone, S. Bottai, V. Di Felice, N. N. Nikonov, W. Menn, L. Consiglio, Alfonso Monaco, Juan Wu, Roberta Sparvoli, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, S. Y. Krutkov, M. D. Kheymits, L. A. Grishantseva, M. Bongi, V. V. Malakhov, C. Pizzolotto, M. P. De Pascale, Nicola Mori, V. Bonvicini, Y. T. Yurkin, D. Campana, F. Cafagna, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, Maria Teresa Ricci, P. Picozza, Roberto Bellotti, Per Carlson, Mirko Boezio, Marco Casolino, E. Mocchiutti, G. I. Vasilyev, A. N. Kvashnin, M. Simon, S. V. Koldashov, A. A. Leonov, A. M. Galper, Ritabrata Sarkar, G. Castellini, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, A., Bruno, O. c., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R. g., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S. k., L., S., Bottai, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R. k., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, Consiglio, Lucia, M. k., De, C. k., De, N. k., De, V. D., Felice, A., Galper, W., Gillard, L., Grishantseva, G. o., Jerse, A., Karelin, M., Kheymit, S., Koldashov, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, A., Mayorov, W., Menn, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A. c., Monaco, N. c., Mori, N. j., K., Osteria, Giuseppe, F. k., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P. k., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, M., Simon, R. k., Sparvoli, P. c., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, Y., Yurkin, J., Wu, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, Antimatter, Cosmic rays, Dark matter, Solar modulation, Trapped radiation, Engineering (all), PAMELA detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Engineering, Astronomy, Magnetosphere, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxy, law.invention, Positron, Antiproton, law, lcsh:TA1-2040, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Abstract

The PAMELA experiment was launched on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite on June 15th 2006. The apparatus was designed to conduct precision studies of charged cosmic radiation over a wide energy range, from tens of MeV up to several hundred GeV, with unprecedented statistics. In five years of continuous data taking in space, PAMELA accurately measured the energy spectra of cosmic ray antiprotons and positrons, as well as protons, electrons and light nuclei, sometimes providing data in unexplored energetic regions. These important results have shed new light in several astrophysical fields like: an indirect search for Dark Matter, a search for cosmological antimatter (anti-Helium), and the validation of acceleration, transport and secondary production models of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. Some of the most important items of Solar and Magnetospheric physics were also investigated. Here we present the most recent results obtained by the PAMELA experiment. �� Czech Technical University in Prague, 2013.

Published
2013

5. The PAMELA experiment: light-nuclei selection with stand-alone detectors

Author

V. Malvezzi, C. Pizzolotto, P. Spillantini, E. Mocchiutti, C. De Santis, S. Y. Krutkov, V. Di Felice, Matteo Martucci, Ugo Giaccari, Juan Wu, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, V. Bonvicini, P. Picozza, Y. I. Stozhkov, S. V. Koldashov, A. G. Mayorov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Alfonso Monaco, G. Castellini, G. I. Vasilyev, Lorenzo Bonechi, V. V. Malakhov, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, Riccardo Munini, L. A. Grishantseva, O. Adriani, Ritabrata Sarkar, W. Menn, M. P. De Pascale, Nicola Mori, Giovanna Jerse, A. Bianco, Maria Teresa Ricci, S. A. Voronov, Valerio Formato, A. M. Galper, D. Campana, M. Bongi, N. N. Nikonov, F. Cafagna, N. De Simone, Marco Casolino, E. A. Bogomolov, V. V. Mikhailov, Laura Rossetto, Y. T. Yurkin, S. V. Borisov, A. V. Karelin, Mirko Boezio, R. Carbone, G. C. Barbarino, G. Osteria, Per Carlson, Roberto Bellotti, A. N. Kvashnin, F. Palma, Andrea Vacchi, L. Marcelli, A. Bruno, V. G. Zverev, S. Bottai, Roberta Sparvoli, M. D. Kheymits, G. Zampa, A D Erlykin, R P Kokoulin, A S Lidvansky, L I Meroshnichenko, M I Panasyuk, A D Panov A W Wolfendale, R., Carbone, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, A., Bianco, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Borisov, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, M. P., De Pascale, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, Formato, Valerio, A. M., Galper, U., Giaccari, L., Grishantseva, Jerse, Giovanna, A. V., Karelin, M. D., Kheymit, S. V., Koldashov, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, V., Malvezzi, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, V. V., Mikhailov, Mocchiutti, Emiliano, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, N., Nikonov, G., Osteria, F., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, Vacchi, Andrea, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, J., Wu, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, V. G., Zverev, O. c., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R. h., Bellotti, A. i., Bianco, E., Bogomolov, S. l., M, A. h., Bruno, M. l., De, C. D., Santi, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, V. i., Formato, A., Galper, G. i., Jerse, A., Karelin, M., Kheymit, S., Koldashov, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, M. p., Martucci, A., Mayorov, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A. h., Monaco, R. i. n, N. k. l, Osteria, Giuseppe, F. l., Palma, P. l., Picozza, C. r., S, S., Ricciarini, R. l., Sparvoli, P. c., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, S., Voronov, Y., Yurkin, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, History, Analysis strategies, Dark matter, Energy ranges, Light nuclei, Magnetic spectrometers, Measurements of, Precise measurements, Propagation models, Space experiments, Time-of-flight system, COSMIC cancer database, Spectrometer, PAMELA detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Cosmic Rays, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Computer Science Applications, Education, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Cosmic ray measurement, Positron, Antiproton, law, Nuclear Experiment, Cosmic rays, Detectors, Experiments, Galaxies, Isotope
Abstract

Launched on the 15th of June 2006, the space experiment PAMELA is providing data showing interesting features in cosmic rays that might change our basic vision of the mechanisms of production, acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays in the galaxy. In addition, PAMELA measurements of cosmic antiproton and positron fluxes are setting strong constraints to the nature of Dark Matter. PAMELA is also testing cosmic rays acceleration and propagation models through precise measurements of light nuclei and their isotopes. The determination of fluxes and secondary-to-primary ratios is possible for nuclei up to Oxygen in the energy range 200MeV/n – 150 GeV/n. To investigate this important item, PAMELA can use measurements from three main detectors: the magnetic spectrometer, the calorimeter and the Time-of-Flight system. Analysis strategy and performance for nuclei studies using the detectors in stand-alone configuration will be discussed in this work.

Published
2013

6. Measurements of cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra with the PAMELA calorimeter

Author

S. V. Borisov, S. Bottai, C. De Santis, G. C. Barbarino, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, F. Palma, V. Di Felice, P. Spillantini, Alfonso Monaco, C. Pizzolotto, Per Carlson, Mirko Boezio, Giovanna Jerse, Y. T. Yurkin, M. Bongi, E. Mocchiutti, G. Zampa, V. V. Mikhailov, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, Juan Wu, V. V. Malakhov, A. N. Kvashnin, S. Y. Krutkov, A. G. Mayorov, M. P. De Pascale, A. V. Karelin, F. Cafagna, L. A. Grishantseva, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, P. Picozza, S. V. Koldashov, O. Adriani, N. De Simone, R. Carbone, Lorenzo Bonechi, D. Campana, Roberta Sparvoli, Marco Casolino, A. M. Galper, V. G. Zverev, William Gillard, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, Laura Rossetto, Ritabrata Sarkar, G. Castellini, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, G. Osteria, Nicola Mori, G. I. Vasilyev, O., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Borisov, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, M. D., Pascale, C. D., Santi, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, A., Galper, W., Gillard, L., Grishantseva, G., Jerse, A., Karelin, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, A., Mayorov, S., Koldashov, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Osteria, Giuseppe, F., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, S., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, Y., Yurkin, J., Wu, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, Atmospheric Science, Range (particle radiation), Calorimeter, Spectrometer, Proton, Calorimeter (particle physics), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, chemistry.chemical_element, Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Spectral line, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Nuclear physics, Geophysics, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Protons and helium, Helium
Abstract

We present a new measurement of the cosmic ray proton and helium spectra by the PAMELA experiment performed using the "thin" (in terms of nuclei interactions) sampling electromagnetic calorimeter. The described method, optimized by using Monte Carlo simulation, beam test and experimental data, allows the spectra to be measured up to 10 TeV, thus extending the PAMELA observational range based on the magnetic spectrometer measurement. © 2011 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2013

7. Cosmic ray electron and positron spectra measured with PAMELA

Author

Alfonso Monaco, S. A. Voronov, Maria Teresa Ricci, V. Bonvicini, G. I. Vasiliev, Y. I. Stozhkov, Roberta Sparvoli, E. A. Bogomolov, P. Picozza, Per Carlson, Laura Rossetto, Giovanna Jerse, L. Consiglio, Ritabrata Sarkar, P. Spillantini, S. V. Borisov, V. V. Malakhov, C. Pizzolotto, V. Di Felice, S. Bottai, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, V. Malvezzi, V. G. Zverev, Lorenzo Bonechi, R. Carbone, C. De Santis, M. P. De Pascale, S. Yu. Krutkov, G. C. Barbarino, F. Cafagna, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, A. G. Mayorov, G. Zampa, D. Campana, N. De Simone, P. Papini, A. Bruno, Marco Casolino, E. Vannuccini, V. V. Mikhailov, G. Castellini, Juan Wu, Y. T. Yurkin, A. V. Karelin, Giuseppe Osteria, F. Palma, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, M. Bongi, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, A. N. Kvashnin, O. Adriani, W. Menn, S. A. Koldobsky, Mirko Boezio, Nicola Mori, S. V. Koldashov, E. Mocchiutti, V., Mikhailov, O., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Borisov, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, Consiglio, Lucia, M. m., De, C. D., Santi, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, A., Galper, G., Jerse, A., Karelin, S., Koldashov, S., Koldobsky, S. Y., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, V., Malvezzi, L., Marcelli, A., Mayorov, W., Menn, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Osteria, Giuseppe, P., Papini, F. m., Palma, M., Pearce, P. m., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, M., Simon, R. m., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasiliev, S., Voronov, J., Wu, Y., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, History, Antiparticle, PAMELA detector, Spectrometer, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Polar orbit, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Electrons, Positrons, Tungsten, Particle detector, Cosmic ray electrons, Electromagnetic calorimeter, Magnetic spectrometers, Polar orbit, Propagation models, Wide energy range, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Computer Science Applications, Education, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Positron, law, Antimatter, Cosmic rays
Abstract

The PAMELA experiment is carried out on board of the satellite Resurs DK1 launched on June 15th 2006 on polar orbit (the inclination is 70, the altitude is 350-600 km). The instrument which consists of magnetic spectrometer, silicon-tungsten imaging electromagnetic calorimeter gives a possibility to measure electron and positron fluxes over wide energy range from hundreds MeVs to hundreds GeVs. Measurements made in June 2006- January 2010 are presented and compared with other results and models. Positron spectrum appears to be harder than standard diffusive propagation models predict.

Published
2013

8. Search for cosmic ray electron-positron anisotropies with the Pamela data

Author

Riccardo Munini, S. Y. Krutkov, A. V. Karelin, G. Osteria, D. Campana, V. Malvezzi, Marco Casolino, A. Bianco, Alfonso Monaco, A. M. Galper, V. G. Zverev, M. P. De Pascale, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, S. V. Koldashov, P. Picozza, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, Roberta Sparvoli, L. Marcelli, A. Bruno, Y. T. Yurkin, Roberto Bellotti, A. N. Kvashnin, Maria Teresa Ricci, P. Spillantini, V. Di Felice, F. Cafagna, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, Matteo Martucci, Lorenzo Bonechi, Juan Wu, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, F. Palma, E. Mocchiutti, V. V. Malakhov, Ugo Giaccari, C. De Santis, S. Bottai, M. D. Kheymits, N. Zampa, C. Pizzolotto, G. A. Bazilevskaya, V. V. Mikhailov, N. N. Nikonov, Andrea Vacchi, Mirko Boezio, Giovanna Jerse, A. G. Mayorov, M. Bongi, R. Carbone, G. C. Barbarino, G. Zampa, L. A. Grishantseva, O. Adriani, W. Menn, G. I. Vasilyev, Nicola Mori, S. V. Borisov, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, Laura Rossetto, Ritabrata Sarkar, Valerio Formato, G. Castellini, Per Carlson, N. De Simone, D., Campana, U., Giaccari, O. c., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R. g., Bellotti, A. i., Bianco, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S. l., M, S., Bottai, A. g., Bruno, F., Cafagna, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, M. l., De, C. D., Santi, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, V. i., Formato, A., Galper, L., Grishantseva, G. i., Jerse, A., Karelin, M., Kheymit, S., Koldashov, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, V., Malvezzi, L., Marcelli, M. p., Martucci, A., Mayorov, W., Menn, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A. g., Monaco, N., Mori, R. i. n, N. k. l, Osteria, Giuseppe, F. l., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P. l., Picozza, C. r., S, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, M., Simon, R. l., Sparvoli, P. c., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, J., Wu, Y., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, V., Zverev, A D Erlykin, R P Kokoulin, A S Lidvansky, L I Meroshnichenko, M I Panasyuk, A D Panov and A W Wolfendale, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, A., Bianco, E. A., Bogomolov, S., Borisov, A., Bruno, M. P., De Pascale, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, Formato, Valerio, A. M., Galper, Jerse, Giovanna, A. V., Karelin, M. D., Kheymit, S. V., Koldashov, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, V. V., Mikhailov, Mocchiutti, Emiliano, A., Monaco, Munini, Riccardo, N., Nikonov, G., Osteria, F., Palma, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, S. B., Ricciarini, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, Vacchi, Andrea, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, and V. G., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, History, Angular distribution, Anisotropy, Positron, PAMELA detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Isotropy, Flux, Cosmic ray, Electron, Astrophysics, Cosmic Rays, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Computer Science Applications, Education, law.invention, Angular scale, Arrival direction, Cosmic ray electrons, Directional Analysis, Strong anisotropy, Nuclear physics, Positron, law, Anisotropy, Directional analysis
Abstract

Using data taken by the Pamela experiment during 5 years of operation we studied the anisotropy in the arrival direction of cosmic ray electrons and positrons with energy above 40 GeV. We report on a study of anisotropy in the e�� flux at different angular scales extending from 30��up to 90��, furthermore a directional analysis has been performed around the Sun direction. The observed distribution of arrival directions is consistent with the isotropic expectation at any angular scale used in this study and no significant evidence of strong anisotropies has been observed, also the analysis around the Sun direction did not show any significant excess.

Published
2013

9. Galactic deuteron spectrum measured in PAMELA experiment

Author

Maria Teresa Ricci, S. V. Borisov, Roberta Sparvoli, A. G. Mayorov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Juan Wu, Y V Mikhailov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, S. Y. Krutkov, S. A. Voronov, Per Carlson, Y. T. Yurkin, Mirko Boezio, Alfonso Monaco, E. A. Bogomolov, L. Consiglio, N. Zampa, Roberto Bellotti, Ritabrata Sarkar, Nicola Mori, Laura Rossetto, C. Pizzolotto, G. A. Bazilevskaya, N. N. Nikonov, V. G. Zverev, M. Simon, Giovanna Jerse, N. De Simone, William Gillard, M. Bongi, A. A. Leonov, M. D. Kheymits, R. Carbone, C. De Santis, V. Bonvicini, A. N. Kvashnin, Lorenzo Bonechi, A. V. Karelin, V. V. Malakhov, A. M. Galper, G. Castellini, S. V. Koldashov, D. Campana, G. Zampa, Y. I. Stozhkov, G. Osteria, L. Marcelli, Marco Casolino, A. Vacchi, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, P. Picozza, P. Spillantini, M. P. De Pascale, S. Bottai, F. Cafagna, O. Adriani, F. Palma, A. Bruno, E. Mocchiutti, W. Menn, G. I. Vasilyev, V. Di Felice, S., Koldobskiy, O. b., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R. g., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, L. b., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S. k., L., S., Bottai, A. g., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R. k., Carbone, P., Carlson, M. r., Casolino, G., Castellini, Consiglio, Lucia, M. k., De, C. k., De, N. k., De, V. D., Felice, A., Galper, W., Gillard, G. o., Jerse, A., Karelin, M., Kheymit, S., Koldashov, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, A., Mayorov, W., Menn, Y., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N. b., Mori, N. j., K., Osteria, Giuseppe, F. k., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P. k., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, L., Rossetto, M., Simon, R. k., Sparvoli, P. b., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, J., Wu, Y., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, Spectrum measurement, Wide energy range, History, Range (particle radiation), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Spectrum (functional analysis), Cosmic rays, Deuterium, Experiment, Nuclear physics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Electron, Spectral line, Computer Science Applications, Education, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Physics and Astronomy (all), Positron, Deuterium, Antimatter, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Results of galactic deuteron spectrum measurement by means of PAMELA apparatus are described. PAMELA is an international experiment developed for antimatter search and measurement of p,He, electron and positron spectra in wide energy range. In addition, PAMELA allows to identify and measure deuteron spectrum at low energies. In this paper deuteron-to-proton ratio and deuteron spectrum are presented.

Published
2013

10. Measurement of antiproton flux in primary cosmic radiation with PAMELA experiment

Author

S. Bottai, C. Pizzolotto, S. V. Borisov, S. A. Voronov, Sergey Koldobskiy, D. Campana, Roberto Bellotti, G. C. Barbarino, S. Y. Krutkov, V. G. Zverev, Marco Casolino, G. Castellini, E. A. Bogomolov, A. N. Kvashnin, E. Mocchiutti, Roberta Sparvoli, Laura Rossetto, V. Di Felice, M. Simon, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Alfonso Monaco, P. Picozza, A. A. Leonov, N. N. Nikonov, Ritabrata Sarkar, O. Adriani, P. Spillantini, P. Papini, R. Carbone, Lorenzo Bonechi, V. V. Malakhov, W. Menn, Per Carlson, E. Vannuccini, Giovanna Jerse, V. V. Mikhailov, N. De Simone, M. Bongi, S. V. Koldashov, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, Maria Teresa Ricci, M. P. De Pascale, Y. T. Yurkin, A. V. Karelin, F. Cafagna, G. Osteria, A. G. Mayorov, L. Consiglio, William Gillard, A. M. Galper, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, M. D. Kheymits, A. Bruno, G. Zampa, G. I. Vasilyev, Juan Wu, Nicola Mori, C. De Santis, F. Palma, Mirko Boezio, A., Mayorov, O. b., Adriani, G, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, R. g., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, L. b., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S. k., L., S., Bottai, A. g., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R. k., Carbone, P., Carlson, M. r., Casolino, G., Castellini, L., Consiglio, M. k., De, C. k., De, N. k., De, V. D., Felice, A., Galper, W., Gillard, G. o., Jerse, A., Karelin, M., Kheymit, S., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, W., Menn, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N. b., Mori, N. j., K., Osteria, Giuseppe, F. k., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P. k., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, L., Rossetto, M., Simon, R. k., Sparvoli, P. b., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, J., Wu, Y., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, History, Antiparticle, Experiments, Intelligent systems, Proton, Calorimeter (particle physics), PAMELA detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Antiproton flux, Classification algorithm, Energy ranges, Galactic cosmic radiations, Monte Carlo Simulation, Training sample, Cosmic ray, Particle detector, Particle identification, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Computer Science Applications, Education, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), law, Antiproton, Antimatter, Nuclear Experiment, Cosmic rays
Abstract

The new method based on the classification algorithms was developed to separate antiprotons and electrons in the PAMELA experiment. Training samples based on Monte-Carlo simulation of particle's interactions in the PAMELA imaging Si/W calorimeter were used to achieve rejection factor and to keep high antiproton efficiency. With comparison to the previous publication the number of events was increased 1.5 times. Information collected from the mission start in 2006 till January 2010 was used in the analysis. 2800 events were found in the energy range from 60 MeV to 350 GeV. The flux of antiprotons in galactic cosmic radiation obtained with new method is presented.

Published
2013

11. Cosmic ray study with the PAMELA experiment

Author

N. De Simone, P. Spillantini, M. D. Kheymits, Nicola Mori, S. Bottai, Alfonso Monaco, Giovanna Jerse, A. G. Mayorov, Roberto Bellotti, G. Zampa, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, A. M. Galper, R. Carbone, S. A. Voronov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, O. Adriani, D. Campana, W. Menn, G. C. Barbarino, A. N. Kvashnin, V. V. Malakhov, E. A. Bogomolov, A. V. Karelin, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, S. V. Borisov, G. I. Vasilyev, S. Y. Krutkov, C. Pizzolotto, F. Palma, E. Mocchiutti, Laura Rossetto, M. Bongi, N. N. Nikonov, Roberta Sparvoli, Marco Casolino, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, G. Osteria, Juan Wu, C. De Santis, S. V. Koldashov, V. Di Felice, V. Bonvicini, G. Castellini, Y. I. Stozhkov, L. A. Grishantseva, Mirko Boezio, F. Cafagna, M. P. De Pascale, Y. T. Yurkin, P. Picozza, Ritabrata Sarkar, V. G. Zverev, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Maria Teresa Ricci, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, P. b., Picozza, L., Marcelli, O. d., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R. i., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S. b., L, S., Bottai, A. i., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M. b., N, G., Castellini, M. b., De, C. b., De, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, A., Galper, L., Grishantseva, G. q., Jerse, A., Karelin, M., Kheymit, S., Koldashov, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, A., Mayorov, W., Menn, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A. i., Monaco, N., Mori, N. b., K, Osteria, Giuseppe, F. b., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, L., Rossetto, M., Simon, R. b., Sparvoli, P. d., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, Y., Yurkin, J., Wu, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
History, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Education, law.invention, symbols.namesake, Physics and Astronomy (all), Positron, law, Experiments, Galaxies, Protons, Radiation belts, Solar energy, Cosmic rays, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, PAMELA detector, Astronomy, Computer Science Applications, Dark matter, Data collection, Heliospheres, Measurements of, Particle detection, Radiation environments, Solar activity, Solar modulation, Antiproton, Van Allen radiation belt, Physics::Space Physics, symbols, Heliosphere
Abstract

In six years of data collection years in space, the experiment PAMELA has discovered very interesting features in cosmic rays, namely in the fluxes of protons, helium, electrons, that might change our basic vision of the mechanisms of production, acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. In addition, PAMELA measurements of cosmic antiproton and positron fluxes are setting strong constraints to the nature of Dark Matter. The continuous particle detection is allowing a constant monitoring of the solar activity and detailed study of the solar modulation for a long period, giving important improvements to the comprehension of the heliosphere mechanisms. PAMELA is also measuring the radiation environment around the Earth, and has recently discovered an antiproton radiation belt.

Published
2013

12. The PAMELA space experiment

Author

Yu. T. Yurkin, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, V. Bonvicini, R. Carbone, G. I. Vasilyev, V. Malvezzi, Y. I. Stozhkov, Juan Wu, M. Bongi, Giancarlo Barbarino, V. V. Malakhov, M. Simon, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, N. De Simone, V. Di Felice, C. Pizzolotto, F. Cafagna, P. Papini, Piero Spillantini, G. Zampa, E. Vannuccini, S. V. Borisov, Marco Ricci, V. G. Zverev, J. C. Stockton, G. Osteria, A. G. Mayorov, Andrea Vacchi, S. Y. Krutkov, G. Castellini, Nicola Mori, V. V. Mikhailov, L. Consiglio, A. V. Karelin, Roberta Sparvoli, O. Adriani, Alexey Leonov, C. De Santis, F. Palma, E. Mocchiutti, W. Menn, S. Bottai, M. P. De Pascale, P. Picozza, Alfonso Monaco, Per Carlson, Mirko Boezio, S. J. Stochaj, N. N. Nikonov, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, A. N. Kvashnin, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, Laura Rossetto, Giovanna Jerse, L. A. Grishantseva, Sergey Koldashov, Lorenzo Bonechi, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Ritabrata Sarkar, William Gillard, L. Marcelli, A. Bruno, W., Menn, O., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Borisov, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, Consiglio, Lucia, M. D., Pascale, C. D., Santi, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, A., Galper, W., Gillard, L., Grishantseva, G., Jerse, A., Karelin, S., Koldashov, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, V., Malvezzi, L., Marcelli, A., Mayorov, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, N., Nikonov, Osteria, Giuseppe, F., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, L., Rossetto, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, S., Stochaj, J., Stockton, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, J., Wu, Y., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, Atmospheric Science, Antimatter, Cosmic rays, Satellite-borne experiment, Aerospace Engineering, Space and Planetary Science, PAMELA detector, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Space experiment, Geophysics, law, General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract

On the 15th of June 2006, the PAMELA satellite-borne experiment was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome and it has been collecting data since July 2006. The apparatus is comprised of a time-of-flight system, a silicon-microstrip magnetic spectrometer, a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter, an anticoincidence system, a shower tail counter scintillator and a neutron detector. The combination of these devices allows precision studies of the charged cosmic radiation to be conducted over a wide energy range (100 MeV to 100's GeV) with high statistics. The primary scientific goal is the measurement of the antiproton and positron energy spectra in order to search for exotic sources, such as dark matter particle annihilations. PAMELA is also searching for primordial antinuclei (anti-helium), and testing cosmic-ray propagation models through precise measurements of the antiparticle energy spectrum and precision studies of light nuclei and their isotopes. Moreover, PAMELA is investigating phenomena connected with solar and earth physics. After 4 years of operation in flight, PAMELA is now delivering coherent results about spectra and chemical composition of the charged cosmic radiation, allowing scenarios of production and propagation of cosmic rays to be fully established and understood. © 2011 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2013
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13. The PAMELA space mission for antimatter and dark matter searches in space

Author

M. Simon, O. Adriani, A. A. Leonov, L. Consiglio, Mirko Boezio, W. Menn, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, V. G. Zverev, L. A. Grishantseva, A. V. Karelin, S. Bottai, P. Spillantini, Juan Wu, V. Di Felice, Alfonso Monaco, M. D. Kheymits, S. A. Voronov, V. Bonvicini, E. Mocchiutti, Roberta Sparvoli, M. Bongi, Y. I. Stozhkov, E. A. Bogomolov, C. Pizzolotto, D. Campana, Laura Rossetto, S. V. Koldashov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Giovanna Jerse, Marco Ricci, F. Cafagna, A. M. Galper, F. Palma, G. I. Vasilyev, Ritabrata Sarkar, A. G. Mayorov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, G. Zampa, S. Y. Krutkov, Marco Casolino, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, G. Osteria, N. De Simone, M. P. De Pascale, G. C. Barbarino, P. Picozza, S. V. Borisov, Nicola Mori, William Gillard, C. De Santis, N. N. Nikonov, G. Castellini, R. Carbone, V. V. Malakhov, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, Y. T. Yurkin, A. Bruno, Roberto Bellotti, A. N. Kvashnin, M., Boezio, A., Bruno, O., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, E., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Borisov, S., Bottai, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, Consiglio, Lucia, M. d., Pascale, C. d., Santi, N. d., Simone, V. D., Felice, A., Galper, W., Gillard, L., Grishantseva, G., Jerse, A., Karelin, M., Kheymit, S., Koldashov, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, A., Mayorov, W., Menn, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, N., Nikonov, Osteria, Giuseppe, F., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, Y., Yurkin, J., Wu, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Antiparticle, Antimatter, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, PAMELA detector, Spectrometer, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Astronomy, Cosmic rays, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Condensed Matter Physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Cosmic ray, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, law.invention, Pulsar, law, Antiproton, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

The PAMELA satellite-borne experiment has presented new results on cosmic-ray antiparticles that can be interpreted in terms of DM annihilation or pulsar contribution. The instrument was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome and it has been collecting data since July 2006. The combination of a permanent magnet silicon strip spectrometer and a silicon-tungsten imaging calorimeter allows precision studies of the charged cosmic radiation to be conducted over a wide energy range with high statistics. The primary scientific goal is the measurement of the antiproton and positron energy spectrum in order to search for exotic sources. PAMELA is also searching for primordial antinuclei (anti-helium), and testing cosmic-ray propagation models through precise measurements of the antiparticle energy spectrum and precision studies of light nuclei and their isotopes. This talk illustrates the most recent scientific results obtained by the PAMELA experiment.

Published
2011

14. Precision studies of cosmic rays with the PAMELA satellite experiment

Author

Giovanna Jerse, L. Consiglio, William Gillard, S. V. Borisov, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, S. Bottai, A. Bruno, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, O. Adriani, S. A. Voronov, P. Spillantini, W. Menn, G. Zampa, V. Malvezzi, Roberta Sparvoli, Juan Wu, E. A. Bogomolov, Mirko Boezio, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, L. A. Grishantseva, V. V. Mikhailov, Laura Rossetto, P. Carlson, P. Papini, S. V. Koldashov, Marco Ricci, E. Vannuccini, Petter Hofverberg, C. De Santis, Y. T. Yurkin, R. Carbone, M. Bongi, Lorenzo Bonechi, S. Y. Krutkov, M. P. De Pascale, V. Di Felice, G. C. Barbarino, F. Cafagna, E. Mocchiutti, A. M. Galper, V. Bonvicini, Roberto Bellotti, V. G. Zverev, Y. I. Stozhkov, G. Castellini, A. N. Kvashnin, P. Picozza, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, G. Osteria, Nicola Mori, N. De Simone, G. I. Vasilyev, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, N. N. Nikonov, E., Mocchiutti, O., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Borisov, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, L., Consigio, M. P., De, C. D., Santi, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, A. M., Galper, W., Gillard, L., Grishantseva, P., Hofverberg, G., Jerse, S. V., Koldashov, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malvezzi, L., Marcelli, W., Menn, V. V., Mikhailov, N., Mori, N. N., Nikonov, G., Osteria, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, J., Wu, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V. G., Zverev

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, NINA, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, law.invention, ANTIPROTON FLUX, law, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, SOLAR MINIMUM ACTIVITY, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, CALORIMETER, Physics, Radiation, Spectrometer, Calorimeter (particle physics), PAMELA detector, POSITRONS, Astronomy, PERFORMANCE, ORBIT, ELECTRONS, Antiproton, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Radiology, MATTER
Abstract

The PAMELA satellite experiment was launched into low earth orbit on June 15(th) 2006. The combination of a permanent magnet silicon strip spectrometer, and a silicon-tungsten imaging calorimeter allows precision studies of the charged cosmic radiation to be conducted over a wide energy range (100 MeV - 200 GeV). A primary scientific goal is to search for dark matter particle annihilations by measuring the energy spectra of cosmic ray antiparticles. Latest results from the PAMELA experiment will be reviewed with a particular focus on cosmic ray antiprotons and positrons. The status of PAMELA measurements for other cosmic ray species will also be reviewed.

Published
2009

15. Dark Matter Research and the PAMELA Space Mission

Author

P. Picozza, L. Marcelli, O. Adriani, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Bellotti, M. Boezio, E. A. Bogomolov, L. Bonechi, M. Bongi, V. Bonvicini, S. Bottai, A. Bruno, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, P. Carlson, M. Casolino, G. Castellini, M. P. De Pascale, G. De Rosa, N. De Simone, V. Di Felice, A. M. Galper, L. Grishantseva, P. Hofverberg, A. Leonov, S. V. Koldashov, S. Y. Krutkov, A. N. Kvashnin, V. Malvezzi, W. Menn, V. V. Mikhailov, E. Mocchiutti, S. Orsi, G. Osteria, P. Papini, M. Pearce, M. Ricci, S. B. Ricciarini, M. Simon, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. Vacchi, E. Vannuccini, G. Vasilyev, S. A. Voronov, Y. T. Yurkin, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, V. G. Zverev, David B. Cline, P., Picozza, L., Marcelli, O., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, M. P., De, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, A. M., Galper, L., Grishantseva, P., Hofverberg, A., Leonov, S. V., Koldashov, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, V., Malvezzi, W., Menn, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, S., Orsi, G., Osteria, P., Papini, M., Pearce, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V. G., Zverev

Subjects
Antimatter, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Dark Matter, Space Experiments, Physics and Astronomy (all), law.invention, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, symbols.namesake, ANTIPROTON FLUX, law, SOLAR MINIMUM ACTIVITY, Neutron detection, Physics, Spectrometer, PAMELA detector, Astronomy, Galaxy, Antiproton, Van Allen radiation belt, symbols, COSMIC-RAY POSITRONS
Abstract

On the 15th of June 2006, the PAMELA satellite-borne experiment was launched from the Bajkonur cosmodrome and since July 2006 it has been collected data. The core of the apparatus is a silicon-microstrip magnetic spectrometer combined with a time-of-flight system, a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter, an anticoincidence system, a shower tail counter scintillator and a neutron detector. The overall devices allow precision studies of the charged cosmic radiation to be conducted over a wide energy range (100 MeV - 100's GeV) with high statistics. The primary scientific goal is the measurement of the antiproton and positron energy spectra in order to search for exotic sources, such as dark matter particle annihilation. PAMELA is also searching for primordial antinuclei ((He) over bar). Concomitant, but not secondary, goals are the measurements of light nuclei and their isotopes for studying the energy dependence of cosmic ray lifetimes in the Galaxy, the monitoring of the solar activity and the study of the radiation belts.

Published
2009

16. PAMELA: A payload for antimatter matter exploration and light-nuclei astrophysics - Status and first results

Author

Mirko Boezio, P. Spillantini, O. Maksumov, V. Bonvicini, L. Bongiorno, E. Mocchiutti, S. Misin, A. Vacchi, A. Morselli, M. Minori, Petter Hofverberg, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, S. V. Koldashov, M. P. De Pascale, G. Zampa, Marco Ricci, V. G. Zverev, S. Y. Krutkov, O. Adriani, W. Menn, G. Castellini, M. Ambriola, Giuseppe Osteria, Roberta Sparvoli, G. A. Bazilevskaja, M. F. Runtso, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, S. A. Voronov, F. Cafagna, P. Picozza, Lorenzo Bonechi, D. Fedele, P. Papini, Y. T. Yurkin, V. Malvezzi, E. Vannuccini, N. Zampa, D. Campana, Roberto Bellotti, E. A. Bogomolov, Marco Casolino, S. Russo, G. C. Barbarino, A. N. Kvashnin, G. I. Vasilyev, L. Marcelli, Massimo Bongi, A. Basili, V. Di Felice, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, A. M. Galper, G. De Rosa, N. N. Nikonov, J. Lundquist, E. Taddei, M. Simon, S. Orsi, M., Pearce, O., Adriani, M., Ambriola, Barbarino, Giancarlo, A., Basili, G. A., Bazilevskaja, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogornolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, L., Bongiorno, V., Bonvicini, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, M. P., De, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, V. D., Felice, D., Fedele, A. M., Galper, P., Hofverberg, S. V., Koldashov, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, J., Lundquist, O., Maksumov, V., Malvezzi, L., Marcelli, W., Menn, V. V., Mikhailov, M., Minori, S., Misin, E., Mocchiutti, A., Morselli, N. N., Nikonov, S., Orsi, G., Osteria, P., Papini, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, M. F., Runtso, S., Russo, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, E., Taddei, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V. G., Zverev

Subjects
Antiparticle, Satellite-borne experiment, Solar minimum, Inert gases, Orbits, Nuclear sciences, Astrophysics, Imaging techniques, Local sources, Helium, law.invention, Turbulent flow, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Time -of-flight, Positron, Isotopes, Solar energy, law, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Light nuclei, Charge determinations, Physics, Modulation, Solar physics, Radiation, PAMELA detector, Cosmology, Charge sign, ANTIPROTONS, Antimatter, Magnets, Precision studies, Precise measurements, Medical imaging, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Radiology, Ionizing radiation, Silicon, Solar modulation, Satellites, Low-energy particles, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, En ergy spectrum, Dark matter, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Trigger systems, Cosmic rays, Experiments, Nonmetals, Spectrum analysis, Tellurium compounds, Tungsten, Electron energy spectrum, Ray propagation, Nuclear physics, Antiproton
Abstract

PAMELA is a satellite-borne experiment designed for precision studies of the charged cosmic radiation. The primary scientific goal is the study of the antimatter component of the cosmic radiation (antiprotons, 80 MeV - 190 GeV; and positrons, 50 MeV - 270 GeV) in order to search for evidence of dark matter particle annihilations. PAMELA will also search for primordial antinuclei (in particular, anti-helium), and test cosmic-ray propagation models through precise measurements of the antiparticle energy spectrum and studies of light nuclei and their isotopes. Concomitant goals include a study of solar physics and solar modulation during the 24th solar minimum by investigating low energy particles in the cosmic radiation; and a reconstruction of the cosmic ray electron energy spectrum up to several TeV thereby allowing a possible contribution from local sources to be studied. PAMELA is housed on-board the Russian Resurs-DKl satellite, which was launched on June 15th 2006 in an elliptical (350-600 km altitude) orbit with an inclination of 70 degrees. PAMELA consists of a permanent magnet spectrometer, to provide rigidity and charge sign information; a Time-of-Flight and trigger system, for velocity and charge determination; a silicon-tungsten calorimeter, for lepton/hadron discrimination; and a neutron detector. An anticoincidence system is used offline to reject false triggers. In this article the PAMELA experiment and its status are reviewed. A preliminary discussion of data recorded in-orbit is also presented.

Published
2007

17. A search algorithm for finding Cosmic-Ray anisotropy with the PAMELA calorimeter

Author

S. V. Koldashov, S. Y. Krutkov, Maria Teresa Ricci, E. Mocchiutti, S. V. Borisov, S. Bottai, V. Bonvicini, V. V. Malakhov, L. Consiglio, P. Picozza, Y. I. Stozhkov, Ritabrata Sarkar, P. Spillantini, M. D. Kheymits, R. Carbone, Lorenzo Bonechi, Giovanna Jerse, C. Pizzolotto, G. Zampa, Roberta Sparvoli, S. A. Voronov, D. Campana, G. Castellini, Per Carlson, Alfonso Monaco, E. A. Bogomolov, Marco Casolino, V. Di Felice, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, M. P. De Pascale, A. V. Karelin, Laura Rossetto, N. N. Nikonov, V. G. Zverev, G. Osteria, William Gillard, L. Marcelli, Y. T. Yurkin, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, N. De Simone, Roberto Bellotti, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Mirko Boezio, A. N. Kvashnin, A. M. Galper, Juan Wu, A. G. Mayorov, F. Cafagna, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, V. V. Mikhailov, C. De Santis, F. Palma, Nicola Mori, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, O. Adriani, W. Menn, G. I. Vasilyev, M. Bongi, A., Karelin, O. b., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R. g., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, L. b., Bonechi, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S. k., L, S., Bottai, A. g., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R. k., Carbone, P., Carlson, M. r., Casolino, G., Castellini, Consiglio, Lucia, M. k., De, C. k., De, N. k., De, V. D., Felice, A., Galper, W., Gillard, G. o., Jerse, M., Kheymit, S., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, A., Mayorov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, W., Menn, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N. b., Mori, N. j., K, Osteria, Giuseppe, F. k., Palma, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P. k., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, L., Rossetto, M., Simon, R. k., Sparvoli, P. b., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, J., Wu, Y., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, History, Range (particle radiation), Spectrometer, Calorimeter (particle physics), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, Particle identification, Particle detector, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Computer Science Applications, Education, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Particle shower, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Satellite, Anisotropy, Calorimeters, Cosmic ray measurement, Cosmic rays, Cosmic ray energies, Energy ranges, In-orbit, Measurements of, Near-earth spaces, Search Algorithms, Secondary particles, Wide energy range
Abstract

The PAMELA project is the satellite experiment for measurements of the cosmic ray energy spectra in a wide energy range in near-Earth space. The PAMELA apparatus is in orbit from 2006 till today. The calorimeter is the main part of the instrument. It is able to measure energy, to distinguish between hadrons and electrons and to reconstruct the arriving particle direction. Using of special triggers for the calorimeter allows significant increasing of statistics. In consideration of these facts the technique of anisotropy searching in the energy range extending higher than 10 GeV has been developed. This technique is based on the calorimeter data and has as content the advanced method of the reconstruction of the secondary particle shower axis in the calorimeter.

Published
2013

18. The PAMELA space mission

Author

Adriani, O., Ambriola, M., Barbarino, G. C., Basili, A., Bazilevshja, G. A., Bellotti, R., Mirko Boezio, Bogomolov, E. A., Bonechi, L., Bongi, M., Bongiorno, L., Bonvicini, V., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Pascale, M. P., Rosa, G., Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Fedele, D., Galper, A. M., Hofverberg, P., Koldashov, S. V., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Lundquist, J., Maksumov, O., Malvezzi, V., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Minori, M., Misin, S., Mocchiutti, E., Morselli, A., Nikonov, N. N., Orsi, S., Osteria, G., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Russo, S., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Taddei, E., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V. G., O., Adriani, M., Ambriola, Barbarino, Giancarlo, A., Basili, G., Bazilevshja, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, L., Bonechi, M., Bongi, L., Bongiorno, V., Bonvicini, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, M. D., Pascale, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, D., Fedele, A., Galper, P., Hofverberg, S., Koldashov, S., Krutkov, A., Kvashnin, J., Lundquist, O., Maksumov, V., Malvezzi, L., Marcelli, W., Menn, V., Mikhailov, M., Minori, S., Misin, E., Mocchiutti, A., Morselli, N., Nikonov, S., Orsi, G., Osteria, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S., Ricciarini, M., Runtso, S., Russo, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, E., Taddei, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, Y., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev

Subjects
Physics, PAMELA detector, Spectrometer, Payload, law, Astronomy, Space (mathematics), law.invention
Abstract

The PAMELA (a Payload for Antimatter-Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics) experiment, is a satellite-borne particle spectrometer. It was launched on 15th June 2006 from the Baikonur co ...

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