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Approximate computing stands out in systems in which the simplicity must be above the demand for high precision and processing speed. It is the case of DNA systems, especially those based on the DNA strand displacement technique, which is naturally in a complex and noise-filled environment. In this sense, proposals for approximate DNA circuits implemented with an analog approach promise future disease diagnosis applications, for example. In this paper, we adapted a multiplication gate presented in the literature in order to reduce the influence of leak reactions. For this, we insert drain species after some time at the beginning of the process. Next, we built a DNA analog circuit using the multiplication gate with the extended addition and subtraction gates, proposed earlier, to solve a simple expression. The results showed that our modification significantly reduced the effects of leaks and the implemented circuit has an adequate accuracy with an acceptable error when their inputs species present median concentrations.

Este artigo apresenta o conceito da partilha do sensível, do livro homônimodo filósofo contemporâneo Jacques Rancière, com o intuito de produzir novas formas devisibilidade e enunciação da moda contemporânea a partir dos seus aspectos estéticos epolíticos. Mais do que um sistema comportamental, a moda aqui será tratada como umamanifestação da linguagem comunitária, passível de ser lida mediante seus modos de sociabilidadee os efeitos que produz. Iniciamos nossa discussão abordando os principaisconceitos que aproximam a moda da arte, principalmente no que diz respeito à sua superfícieimagética. Depois, guiamo-nos pela noção de estilo, para entender como certosprocessos criativos da moda foram aprisionados pela ideia da homogeneização dos corpospor meio da linguagem. Aqui, mostramos a campanha I speak my truth, lançada em2019, pela marca de roupas Calvin Klein. Finalmente, colocamos a moda no plural e juntoda proposição da filosofia estética, lançamo-nos para uma conceituação das imagens emrelação aos seus processos de identificação, mediante os regimes ético, representativo eestético, em uma aproximação entre arte, moda e filosofia.

Cattle are animals that stay in the herd for a large period of the day in the open air pasture. This daily routine leaves them exposed and susceptible to infectious diseases. One of them is the Bovine Parasitic Sadness which is considered one of the greatest cattle health problems due its high rate of mortality and morbidity. In this work preliminary results are presented from calf inoculated with anaplasmosis. Blood samples were collected and analyzed through Fourier Transform Near Infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR). The animal was monitored for 60 days until its recovery. This exploratory work shows the potentiality of the FT-NIR in the detection, follow-up and recovery of the anaplasmosis. The possibility of prevention of this disease in the herd via a fast optical analysis may bring a great breakthrough in disease control in dairy and beef cattle.

HIV-1 infection is a global epidemic whose treatment is limited majorly by viral resistance and adverse effects. Natural products from algae have been studied for many years, including antiviral, being an alternative to anti-HIV drug design. Since the isolation of natural products can be a hurdle, molecular modeling is an important tool to study these compounds. Herein, structure-activity relationship, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic studies were performed to direct the studies of ten marine natural products with anti-HIV activity. In the structure-activity relationship, descriptors were identified associating the anti-HIV activity of five diterpenes with possible action on the reverse transcriptase allosteric site. These diterpenes were evaluated by molecular docking, and it was identified that only dolabelladienetriol interacted in the allosteric site. Molecular dynamics suggested that the dolabelladienetriol might interfere with the viral RNA binding to HIV-1 RT by inducing a conformational change of the enzyme. Also, in silico ADMET simulations predicts that the dolabelladienetriol present a high potential to be successfully developed as a drug. Thus, applying in silico approaches was possible to suggest potential anti-HIV compounds derived from marine natural products.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

O uso indiscriminado de anti-helmínticos tem acarratado o aumento de relatos de resistência a esses fármacos. Sendo assim, existe uma busca promissora de alternativas para o controle de parasitas e redução do uso de antiparasitários, como por exemplo, a seleção de animais resistentes. A resistência aos parasitas é a habilidade de suprimir o estabelecimento e/ou subsequente o desenvolvimento da infecção causada pelos vermes, e resiliência, quando o animal suporta a verminose, porém sem comprometimentos na produtividade. A quantificação da carga parasitária é a forma mais precisa de se avaliar a resposta do hospedeiro frente à fonte de infecção, sendo que o método determinado para a identificação da resistência, dependerá de sua relação com a carga parasitária e de sua repetibilidade no estudo do genoma. Dessa forma, essa revisão bibliográfica abordará como a seleção dos animais resistentes é um método alternativo ao uso do genoma do hospedeiro que tem sido implantada para reduzir os prejuízos ocasionados pelos parasitas e assim, procriar animais naturalmente resistentes a endo e ectoparasitas.

Essential oils are a promising alternative to insecticides. We investigated the LD50 of oils extracted from Piper corcovadensis, P. marginatum, and P. arboreum after 48 h topical contact with Spodo...

O presente artigo apresenta uma análise das relações entre a literatura e o retrato a partir da obra de Sophie Calle, considerando como a artista aponta para a potência a moda na criação do sujeito que se dá mediante a construção do corpo e de toda a sua extensão material. A obra Histórias reais, de Calle, será tomada como objeto de estudo com o objetivo de se pensar as questões relativas ao tempo, ao espaço e à imagem, destacando, sobretudo, os signos da moda que ali aparecem. Tais signos são realçados por peças do vestuário que apontam para esse potente plano de significação e de construção temporal, sempre mediado pelos objetos que dão vida ao corpo.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether pre-weaning heifer calves divergent for residual feed intake (RFI) or residual feed intake and body weight gain (RIG) exhibit differences in thermography, blood, and ruminal parameters. Thirty-two Gyr heifer calves were enrolled in a 63-d trial and classified into 2 feed efficiency (FE) groups based on RFI and RIG (mean ± 0.5 SD). The groups were classified as high efficiency (HE) RFI (HE RFI, n = 9), HE RIG (HE RIG, n = 10), low efficiency (LE) RFI (LE RFI, n = 10), and LE RIG (LE RIG, n = 11). The amount of whole milk provided for each calf was calculated based on their metabolic weight at birth (42% x BW0.75). The liquid diet was divided into two meals at 0700 and 1400 h. The total solid diet (TSD) was composed of 92% concentrate and 8% of Tifton 85 hay chopped in 5-cm lengths, as fed. Intake was measured daily. Blood concentrations of insulin, beta hydroxybutyrate, urea, and glucose, and ruminal pH, N-NH3, and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were evaluated at 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70 days of age. Thermal images of the calves were taken with an infrared camera (FLIR T420, FLIR Systems Inc., Wilsonville, OR) on d 56 (±3) at 0600 h, before the morning feeding. Total VFA concentration and propionate as % of total VFA were 24.2% and 22.2% lower in HE RFI compared to LE RFI calves, respectively. On the other hand, acetate as % of total VFA was 10.6% greater in HE RFI than LE RFI calves. Blood urea concentration tended to be greater in LE RFI than HE RFI calves. High efficiency HE RIG tended to have 6.8% greater acetate and 15.4% lower propionate as % of total VFA than LE RIG. Blood insulin concentration was greater and blood glucose tended to be greater for LE RIG than HE RIG group. Low efficiency RIG group had greater left rib, left flank, and anus surface temperature measured by infrared thermography than the HE RIG group. Differences in ruminal fermentation do not seem to be associated with pre-weaning calves efficiency, while differences in protein metabolism seem to affect RFI during this phase. Infrared thermography appears to be correlated to RIG in pre-weaning heifer calves.

The production of active principles by medicinal plants can be influenced by the cultivation environment. The study of these conditions is essential to produce a better quality plant material. Thus, this paper aimed to evaluate the effect of the use of organic fertilization on the growth, on biomass production and on the essential oil content and composition of citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) under the edaphoclimatic conditions of Juiz de Fora-MG. The extraction of the essential oil was carried out through hydrodistillation using an adapted Clevenger equipment and the identification of the chemical compounds by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The plants presented in the treatment with organic fertilizing, at 174 days of transplant, a production of fresh biomass of 1071.75 g plant-1, estimating a productivity of 21.44 t ha-1. The content of essential oil was of 1.06% in the treatment without fertilizing and 0.82% in the treatment with fertilizing. The technique of GC-MS allowed the identification of 14 chemical compounds in the citronella grass essential oil. The majority compounds of the oil were trans-β-geraniol, citronellal and β-citronellol. The results allow to estimate a productivity of volatile oil of 79.20 kg ha-1 for the treatment with fertilizing and 64.45 kg ha-1 for the treatment without fertilizing. In the first treatment a lower oil content and a higher production of biomass were obtained resulting in a higher production of essential oil for hectare.

RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e classificar a pododermatite em frangos de corte, comparando as lesões microscópicas com os aspectos macroscópicos utilizados pela inspeção sanitária. Foi realizada coleta de pés de frangos de corte, em matadouro de aves sob inspeção sanitária, após classificação utilizada nos padrões para exportação. Foram coletados 30 pés tipo A, 30 pés tipo B e 33 pés tipo C, escolhidos aleatoriamente dentro de cada grupo. Para análise histopatológica, foram desenvolvidos escores de acordo com a gravidade das lesões, variando de 0 a 2. Foi observada associação (qui-quadrado, P

Essential oils are a promising alternative to insecticides. We investigated the LD

Diterpenes have been identified as active compounds in several medicinal plants showing remarkable biological activities, and some isolated diterpenes are produced at commercial scale to be used as medicines, food additives, in the synthesis of fragrances, or in agriculture. There is great interest in developing methods to obtain derivatives of these compounds, and biotransformation processes are interesting tools for the structural modification of natural products with complex chemical structures. Biotransformation processes also have a crucial role in drug development and/or optimization. The understanding of the metabolic pathways for both phase I and II biotransformation of new drug candidates is mandatory for toxicity and efficacy evaluation and part of preclinical studies. This review presents an overview of biotransformation processes of diterpenes carried out by microorganisms, plant cell cultures, animal and human liver microsomes, and rats, chickens, and swine in vivo and highlights the main enzymatic reactions involved in these processes and the role of diterpenes that may be effectively exploited by other fields.

The reduction of nitroaromatic compounds is an important transformation that be used in the synthesis of amines which are interesting intermediates of pharmaceuticals and other derivatives. Linseed, Linum usitatissimum L., were used to catalyze biotransformations of nitrobenzene, ortho-nitroacetophenone, meta- nitroacetophenone and para-nitroacetophenone. Ortho-aminoacetophenone, and para- aminoacetophenone were obtained with excellent chemoselectivity (92.1 to  99%).

The objective was to evaluate reproductive characteristics of crossbred Girolando (Gyr x Holstein) bulls from two breed compositions and correlate these results with infrared thermography data. Evaluations were performed considering sperm motility, vigor and morphology; scrotal circumference; body morphology and temperament. Infrared thermography was performed to determine surface temperatures of ocular and scrotal areas. Thermoregulation capacity was assessed by differences between air and rectal temperatures, air and maximum temperatures in ocular and scrotal areas, and dorsal and ventral lines of the scrotum. Data analysis was performed using a linear mixed model (breed composition as fixed effect and year of evaluation as random effect). Spearman correlation coefficient was used to associate thermography and reproductive data. Girolando 3/4 Holstein bulls had higher (P ≤ 0.001) scrotal circumference and higher average body morphology and temperament, whereas 5/8 Holstein bulls had a higher (P 0.001) percentage of major-type and total sperm defects. Girolando 3/4 Holstein bulls had scrotal temperatures 0.8 °C higher (P 0.001) and 5/8 Holstein bulls had 9.8% and 10.6% higher differences on "rectal - scrotal area" and "ocular area - scrotal area" temperatures, respectively. Ocular area temperatures had negative correlations (P ≤ 0.1) with sperm motility and vigor, and positive correlations (P 0.001) with minor-type and total sperm defects. Ventral line scrotal temperatures had positive correlations (P 0.001) with minor-type and total sperm defects. Girolando 3/4 Holstein bulls were found to be superior to 5/8 Holstein bulls for reproductive characteristics. Under non-stressing climatic conditions, semen characteristics of Girolando bulls were more influenced by breed composition than by the capacity for scrotal thermoregulation. Correlations between semen quality and scrotal temperatures can aid in the identification of bulls for breeding, particularly when a large number of animals are in the tests.

Poster presentada en el 50th ERA-EDTA Congress (European Renal Association - European Dialysis Transplant Association), celebrado del 18 al 21 de mayo de 2013 en Estambul (Turquia)

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of a six-month exercise program on neuropsychiatric disorders and on the performance of instrumental activities in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: The study included 20 patients with AD in the mild to moderate stages of the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) divided into two groups: the experimental group, composed of 10 women who participated in the six-month exercise program, and the control group, composed of the 10 remaining AD patients who did not take part in an exercise program during the same period. All participants were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Exam for global cognitive function, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire for neuropsychiatric disorders, and the Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire for the degree of functional impairment. RESULTS: The control group showed functional and neuropsychiatric deterioration in the comparisons between pre- and post-intervention times and between groups. CONCLUSION: The experimental group showed a propensity for less deterioration in neuropsychiatric disorders and performance of instrumental activities compared to the sedentary group.OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos de seis meses de intervenção de um programa de atividade física sobre os distúrbios neuropsiquiátricos e o desempenho nas atividades instrumentais da vida diária de idosos com Doença de Alzheimer (DA). MÉTODOS: Foram recrutados 20 pacientes nos estágios entre leve e moderado da DA. Segundo o escore clínico de demência (CDR), foram distribuídos em dois grupos: o grupo treinamento (GT), composto por dez mulheres que participaram de um program de exercícios físicos por um período de seis meses, e o grupo controle (GC), composto por dez outras participantes que não realizaram nenhum tipo de intervenção motora estruturada durante o mesmo período. Todas as participantes foram avaliadas por meio do Miniexame do Estado Mental, para obtenção da caracterização cognitiva; Inventário Neuropsiquiátrico, para identificação dos distúrbios neuropsiquiátricos mais prevalentes e Questionário de Atividades Instrumentais de Pfeffer, para verificação do grau de comprometimento funcional. RESULTADOS: Os participantes do GC mostraram uma deterioração tanto no desempenho das atividades instrumentais quanto na intensificação dos distúrbios neuropsiquiátricos, quando comparados os momentos pré e pós-intervenção. CONCLUSÃO: O GT demonstrou uma atenuação da intensificação dos distúrbios neuropsiquiátricos e do desempenho funcional em relação ao grupo sedentário.

In recent years the public lighting systems in Brazil have received investments to expand the access of the population to this service and raise its quality, with appropriate lighting levels and providing more comfort and safety to users of the public places. In addition, another motivation for these investments is in need of the use of increasingly efficient systems, providing a reduction in energy consumption when compared to old equipment installed. In this article were analyzed the Light Emitting Diode (LED) technology in various aspects in a way that it could be applied to street lighting installations replacing the use of the prevailing technology in use.

Inadequate voltage control occurs when the controlling variable and controlled voltage of a control device are inversely related (i.e., not related in the usual way), potentially adversely affecting the system voltage level. This special situation can be identified by analyzing the elements of a sensitivity matrix constructed to show the relationship between the system control variables. Analysis of these elements not only allows the adequacy or otherwise of voltage control actions to be determined, but also helps to identify any conflict between controls that could, if not addressed, limit the possibilities for voltage control in the system. Furthermore, once the problem of the inadequacy of voltage control actions for a particular operating point has been identified, its impact on voltage stability conditions can be determined by calculating assessment indexes.

A convenient one‐pot synthesis of eight pyrazole‐5(3)‐carboxyamides from the reaction of the 5(3)‐trichloromethylpyrazoles with amines, in good yield, is reported. These reactions show that the trichloromethyl group is a convenient precursor to carboxyamide groups.

One-pot condensation of ethyl trichloroacetoacetate 1 with p -substituted aromatic aldehydes (Ph, 4-Me–C 6 H 4 , 4-Cl–C 6 H 4 , 4-MeO–C 6 H 4 ) or furfural, and urea or thiourea catalyzed by indium(III) bromide affords eight trichloromethylated tetrahydropyrimidinones, in high yields.

Time-resolved broad-band CCD photometry of Trans-Neptunian Object 50000 Quaoar carried out using the 1.5 m telescope at Sierra Nevada Observatory is presented. The lightcurve reveals short-term variability due to rotation of the body. The periodogram analysis shows a peak at 8.8394 ± 0.0002 h with a confidence level above 99.9%. The lightcurve seems to be double-peaked, and therefore the rotation period would be 17.6788 ± 0.0004 h. The amplitude of the oscillation is 0.133 ± 0.028 mag. Under the assumption that the rotational variation is induced by an irregular shape, the minimum axial ratio of Quaoar would then be 1.133 ± 0.028.

The present study examined intestinal dopaminergic activity and its response to high salt (HS, 1% NaCl over a period of 24 hours) intake in obese (OZR) and lean Zucker rats (LZR). The basal Na+,K+-ATPase activity (nmol Pi/mg protein/min) in the jejunum of OZR was higher than in LZR on normal salt (NS) (OZR-NS = 111.3 +/- 6.0 vs. LZR-NS = 88.0 +/- 8.3). With the increase in salt intake, the basal Na+,K+-ATPase activity significantly increased in both animals (OZR-HS = 145.9 +/- 11.8; LZR-HS = 108.8 +/- 6.7). SKF 38393 (10 nM), a specific D1-like dopamine receptor agonist, inhibited the jejunal Na+,K+-ATPase activity in OZR on HS intake, but failed to inhibit enzyme activity in OZR on NS intake and LZR on NS and HS intakes. The aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) activity in OZR was lower than in LZR on NS intake. The HS intake increased AADC activity in OZR, but not in LZR. During the NS intake the jejunal monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in OZR was similar to that in LZR. The HS intake significantly decreased MAO activity in both OZR and LZR. The jejunal COMT activity in OZR was higher than in LZR on NS intake. The HS intake reduced COMT activity in OZR but not LZR. It is concluded that inhibition of jejunal Na+,K+-ATPase activity through D1 dopamine receptors is dependent on salt intake in OZR, whereas in LZR, the enzyme failed to respond to the activation of D1 dopamine receptors irrespective of their salt intake.