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Culinary arts are an important part of every nation’s culture. The goal of our text is to converge the linguistic-cultural view of Slovene culinary arts from a hetero-stereotypical point of view of Polish people. For our analysis, we used operational categories of an ethnolinguistic school from Lublin and its continuators from all over Poland. The article is based on academic surveys. We differentiated and wrote about two thematic circles, which reconstruct Slovene culinary arts: 1) the general characteristics of Slovene cuisine, 2) specific dishes, ingredients, drinks etc. The linguistic worldview captured in the discourse on culinary identity are one of the main factors influencing the cultural identity of a given community. The vocabulary, especially culturally conditioned, regarding the culinary arts should find its place in the glottodidactic process. Kulinaria są ważnym składnikiem każdej kultury narodowej. Tekst ma na celu przybliżenie językowo-kulturowego obrazu słoweńskich kulinariów w perspektywie heterostereotypowej, widzianego oczyma Polaków. W analizie wykorzystano kategorie operacyjne wypracowane przez lubelską szkołę etnolingwistyczną i jej kontynuatorów z całej Polski. Bazę materiałową artykułu stanowią dane ankietowe. Wyróżniono i opisano dwa kręgi tematyczne, które współtworzą rekonstruowany obraz słoweńskich kulinariów: 1) ogólna charakterystyka kuchni w Słowenii, 2) konkretne dania, składniki, napoje itp. Tak ujęte badania językowego obrazu świata włączają się w dyskurs o tożsamości kulinarnej, będącej jednym z istotnych czynników wpływających na odrębność kulturową danej wspólnoty. Słownictwo z zakresu kulinariów, zwłaszcza uwarunkowane kulturowo, powinno więc znaleźć swoje miejsce w procesie glottodydaktycznym.

El paso del tiempo ha dejado clara la tendencia a la descentralización. Las Distributed Ledger Technologies, como el Blockchain han aportado un abanico completo de nuevas posibilidades para mejorar, en este caso, la gestión de la confianza y la identidad en Internet, como lo hace la Self Sovereign Identity (SSI) . Esta tesis ha analizado el impacto del Blockchain para IoT con el proyecto Linux Foundation llamado Hyperledger, concretamente, con su solución Identity Stack. Aunque es un proyecto realmente sin madurar, tiene algunas herramientas útiles para empezar a entender y probar las capacidades de esta tecnología. Para aclarar las cosas, el proyecto consiste en una simulación de escenario práctico de comunicación y de envío credenciales verificadas entre una Raspberry Pi con un sensor RFID, que realizará el seguimiento del estado de entrega de un objeto, y una aplicación gráfica Java. Todo a través del Hyperledger SSI Stack, formado por una instancia pública de Indy Ledger y agentes Aries. El pas del temps ha deixat clara la tendència a la descentralització. Les Distributed Ledger Technologies, com el Blockchain han aportat un ventall complet de noves possibilitats per millorar, en aquest cas, la gestió de la confiança i la identitat a Internet, com ho fa la Self Sovereign Identity (SSI). Aquesta tesi ha analitzat l'impacte del Blockchain per a IoT amb el projecte Linux Foundation anomenat Hyperledger, concretament, amb la seva solució Identity Stack. Tot i que és un projecte realment sense madurar, té algunes eines útils per començar a entendre i provar les capacitats d'aquesta tecnologia. Per aclarir les coses, el projecte consisteix en una simulació d'escenari pràctic de communicació i d'enviament credencials verificades entre una Raspberry Pi amb un sensor RFID, que farà el seguiment de l'estat de lliurament d'un objecte, i una aplicació gràfica Java. Tot a través de l'Hyperledger SSI Stack, format per una instància pública d'Indy Ledger i agents Aries. The passing of time has made clear the trend of decentralization. Distributed ledger technologies like Blockchain have brought a full range of new possibilities to improve, in this case, trust and identity management on the internet as Self Sovereign Identity (SSI) does. This thesis has analyzed the Blockchain impact for IoT with the Linux Foundation Project called Hyperledger, concretely, with its Identity Stack solution. Even though it is a really unmatured project, it has some useful tools to start understanding and testing the capabilities of this technology. To make things clear, the project consists in a practical scenario simulation of communication and verified credentials sending between a Raspberry Pi with an RFID sensor, which will be tracking an object's state of delivery, and a graphical Java Application. Everything through the Hyperledger SSI Stack, formed by a public Indy network instance and Aries agents.

The calculation of the inertia constant in systems with a large number of synchronous machines is a complex process. That is why, in the event of a disturbance, it is interesting to take into account only those machines that are affected. For this purpose, it is necessary to analyse the dynamic response of the system to a permanent disturbance at a network node. From this, it would be possible to define a radius of affectation that would allow to know which are the machines that must be taken into account when calculating the inertia constant of the system as a whole. This master thesis demonstrates how it is possible to predict the dynamic response of the sys- tem in order to avoid performing dynamic simulations. This is achieved using Synchronizing Power Coefficients, and all analyses are performed using MATLAB and Simulink Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::7 - Energia Assequible i No Contaminant::7.b - Per a 2030, ampliar la infraestructura i millorar la tecnologia per tal d’oferir serveis d’energia moderns i sos­tenibles per a tots els països en desenvolupament, en particular els països menys avançats, els petits estats insulars en desenvolupament i els països en desenvolupament sense litoral, d’acord amb els programes de suport respectius

Solar energy is a renewable source with the greatest potential for sustainable energy production. Among modern energy societies, the use of heat and electricity predominates. Both energy carriers can be produced with relatively high efficiency with solar energy utilization. However, the conversion efficiency is higher if heat and electricity is produced simultaneously. In the master's thesis, the research and technological trends in the field of combined solar heat and electricity generators (PV/T) is presented and the design of a solar PV/T generator is built on the basis of a commercial vacuum two-pipe solar collector was proposed. An algorithm for the calculation of solar radiation on the circular surface of the receiver was developed and a combined model of heat transfer and electricity production was built for determining the efficiency of solar energy utilization for heat and electricity. The model enables the determination of energy flows for PV/T generators with opaque and translucent solar cells. The model was validated with in-situ measurements of the stagnation temperature of the absorber. A validated model was then used to optimize the PV/T design with respect to the size of the photovoltaic module and its transmittance. Energy production was analyzed for different climatic conditions. Is found out that the optimum size angle of PV cells is 90° since increasing the size angle to 180°only provides 30% more electricity. In both cases PV cell does not affect significantly to heat production as it is reduced by approximately 5%.

Embracing the social-constructivist concept of the past, this research takes an interdisciplinary approach to nostalgia, bringing together political science and cultural memory studies. In order to answer the main research question: What does Yugonostalgia mean for politically active last pioneers and how does it dialogue with their political identities?, I have taken up, as my primary object of research, the narratives of the generation of the last pioneers (born between 1974 and 1982), in three (post)Yugoslav countries: Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia. Analyzing within the Constructivist Grounded Theory approach 62 interviews of political actors, conducted over the course of 2017 and 2018, I investigated how nostalgic memories turn into political reflections within one single narrative and how the cognitive dissonances translate into ambivalent nostalgic memory narratives and political conceptualizations of the Yugoslav past. On one hand, Yugoslavism develops as a counter-memory narrative, an anti-nationalist stance, but also a meta-national layer of multiple identities. On the other hand, Yugonostalgia, is primarily used as a discursive strategy of obscuring the Yugoslav past and any Yugoslav future. As a political intervention, Yugonostalgia gives voice to the silenced left-wing political articulations. While generational positionality strengthens Yugoslavism, and political positionality determines the use of Yugonostalgia for private or political purposes, this thesis explains the transformation of the Yugonostalgic memory narratives into resistance strategies of the last pioneers.; A partir d’une approche social-constructiviste du passé, cette thèse propose une recherche interdisciplinaire, entre sciences politiques et études sur la mémoire culturelle. Afin de répondre à la question de recherche : Que signifie la Yougonostalgie pour les derniers pionniers politiquement actifs, et comment dialogue-t-elle avec leurs identités politiques?, mon objet de recherche se construit sur les récits de la génération née entre 1974 et 1982, les « derniers pionniers », dans trois pays (post)Yougoslaves : la Slovénie, la Croatie et la Serbie. En utilisant la Constructivist Grounded Theory, j’ai conduit 62 entretiens d’acteurs politiques, entre 2017 et 2018. La thèse dévoile la manière dont les mémoires nostalgiques se transforment en réflexions politiques au sein d’un seul récit, et dont les dissonances cognitives se traduisent en récits mémoriels nostalgiques et ambivalents et en conceptualisations politiques du passé yougoslave. D’un côté, le Yougoslavisme se développe comme un contre-récit, un positionnement antinationaliste, mais aussi une couche d’identité méta-nationale. De l’autre, la Yougonostalgie s’utilise principalement comme une stratégie discursive pour obscurcir le passé et le futur yougoslave. En tant qu’intervention politique, la Yougonostalgie apporte une voix aux articulations politiques de la gauche. Si la positionnalité générationnelle renforce le Yougoslavisme, et la positionnalité politique détermine l’emploi de la Yougonostalgie à des fins privées ou politiques, cette thèse explique comment les récits mémoriels yougonostalgiques se transforment en stratégies de résistances des derniers pionniers.

As Bosnia and Herzegovina remains a country institutionally-divided on an ethno-national basis between its three consitutuent peoples – Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs, top-down memory politics encourage these divisions. Using the still divided city of Mostar as an example, Dr. Monika Palmberger gives insight into the discursive tactics opposing hegemonic memory narratives, through a generational approach and focusing on the generation of the Last Yugoslavs, thus underlining the importance of studying the integrative potential of positive memories of the pre-war period.

Since the 2000s, the Republic of Serbia has been marked by a surge in revisionist memory politics. Encouraged by EU memory narratives, which equate fascism and communism, revisionist memory politics in Serbia entails a rehabilitation of the Chetnik movement. In this interview, historian Dr Jelena Đureinović debunks the myths surrounding the memory battles in the public space in Serbia and analyzes the diverging memory narratives in the country and in the wider (post)Yugoslav region. Đureinović explains how the ethnicization and revisionism of memory and history have been reflected in the newly adopted legal frameworks, judicial processes, mainstream political discourses and in the overall memory efforts of the political elites, including the Serbian Orthodox Church. While memory battles involving heterogeneous voices in Serbia remain focused on World War Two, seemingly more pertinent issues, namely, the reconciliation with the war past of the 1990s, are effectively obfuscated.

As the Republic of Croatia is considered today to be the stronghold of anti-Yugoslav sentiments among (post)Yugoslav states, we look into the complexities and nuances of memory politics in this newest EU member state. Mainstream narratives are embedded in the national reconciliation policies and anti-communism emanating from Franjo Tudjman’s politics in the 1990s and the Homeland war. Through historical revisionism of World War Two and the role of Ustasha movement, they profoundly influence Croatian approaches to socialist heritage. Dr Sanja Horvatinčić further elucidates the key mnemonic actors in Croatia and how the destruction and the dereliction of the monuments from the socialist Yugoslavia have been an important element in Croatian nation-building, encouraged by “anti-totalitarian” European memory activism.

There are many possible faults that can be found by mechanical vibration analysis in rotating equipment, such as imbalance and misalignment. This thesis will focus on dynamic models that follow the behavior of an unbalanced rigid rotor and will design a 3D print to build a softly mounted test bench. Finally, analyzing the data obtained from the sensors with a program developed in Python, various tests are carried out that demonstrate the effectiveness and correct operation of the designed device Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructura

Treball realitzat en el marc d'un programa de mobilitat amb la University of Ljubljana. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering The use of the additive manufacturing revolutionizes the way to develop prototypes and final parts, because it allows shapes and structures not possible in traditional manufacturing processes. These technologies have been introduced to the market to satisfy the demand of personalized parts with high geometry complexity and small series, high valued products. In this thesis the focused will be put on the Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) additive manufacturing technology. The objective of this M.Sc. thesis is to develop a core of a sandwich panel that is useful for application in different structures, which are exposed to bending loads. The candidate should first acquire knowledge on the Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) by studying the relevant literature. Then the state-of­the-art theoretical and practical topics related to the design of sandwich panels should be reviewed. This should be followed by a design of the most suitable panels that can be used for supporting the bending loads of planar structures. For each case of the panel three kind of static tests should be made, i.e. a compression, a shear and a three-point bending test. The experimental results should be comparedto the numerical simulations. For the most promising design(s) the pulsating fatigue tests should finallybe carried out to assess the fatigue resistance of such structures. Outgoing

In the period 2012-2017 we investigated the occurrence of indigenous species of predatory mites in different cultivated plants in Slovenia. In a comprehensive study we confirmed the occurrence of the following predatory mites: Amblyseius andersoni (Chant, 1957), Euseius finlandicus (Oudemans, 1915), Euseius gallicus (Kreiter & Tixier, 2009), Euseius stipulatus (Athias-Henriot, 1960), Kampimodromus abberans (Oudemans, 1930), Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor, 1954), Paraseiulus triporus (Chant & Shaul, 1982) and Phytoseius horridus (Ribaga, 1904). In the paper all seven species are presented, but for the field of biological control A. andersoni, E. gallicus and N. californicus are the most interesting species. The first two of them are already on the List of indigenous organisms for the purpose of biological control, while the third will be placed into it in the near future. All three of them have a great potential in biological control, since they can be found in different host plants.

According to René Girard’s anthropological interpretation of the Event of the cross of Jesus Christ, the cross represents the historical moment when the unjust nature of the scapegoat mechanism that held sway of primitive society was exposed. In his Mimetic Theory, mimetic desire is the unconscious, involuntary, uncontrollable driving force of human acts. He proffered the Imitation of Christ i.e. a reversal of the will to violence, as the solution to scapegoating. Unfortunately, the imitation of Christ involves a mental reflection that is inconsistent with the mimetic theory. This Christological solution i.e. the Imitation of Christ, to an anthropological crisis as proposed by Girard does not make for a rational understanding of the action of the cross. On the contrary, a reflective mimesis informed by the action of the cross, is supportive of a rational understanding of the cross as such, unaided by any appeal to religious faith. This thesis argues for reflective mimesis as an ethical disposition, a paradigm and a point of reference of social integration. Según la interpretación antropológica de René Girard del acontecimiento de la cruz de Jesucristo, la cruz representa el momento histórico en el que se puso de manifiesto la naturaleza injusta del mecanismo de chivo expiatorio que dominaba la sociedad primitiva. En su teoría mimética, el deseo mimético es la fuerza motriz inconsciente, involuntaria e incontrolable de los actos humanos. Propuso la imitación de Cristo, es decir, la inversión de la voluntad de violencia, como solución al chivo expiatorio. Desgraciadamente, la imitación de Cristo implica una reflexión mental que es incoherente con la teoría mimética. Esta solución cristológica, es decir, la imitación de Cristo, a una crisis antropológica, tal como la propone Girard, no permite una comprensión racional de la acción de la cruz. Por el contrario, una mimesis reflexiva informada por la acción de la cruz, apoya una comprensión racional de la cruz como tal, sin ayuda de ninguna apelación a la fe religiosa. Esta tesis defiende la mimesis reflexiva como una disposición ética, un paradigma y un punto de referencia de la integración social. post-print 279 p.

Motivated by recent progress in quantum information theory, this article aims at optimizing trace polynomials, i.e., polynomials in noncommuting variables and traces of their products. A novel Positivstellensatz certifying positivity of trace polynomials subject to trace constraints is presented, and a hierarchy of semidefinite relaxations converging monotonically to the optimum of a trace polynomial subject to tracial constraints is provided. This hierarchy can be seen as a tracial analog of the Pironio, Navascu\'es and Ac\'in scheme [New J. Phys., 2008] for optimization of noncommutative polynomials. The Gelfand-Naimark-Segal (GNS) construction is applied to extract optimizers of the trace optimization problem if flatness and extremality conditions are satisfied. These conditions are sufficient to obtain finite convergence of our hierarchy. The results obtained are applied to violations of polynomial Bell inequalities in quantum information theory. The main techniques used in this paper are inspired by real algebraic geometry, operator theory, and noncommutative algebra., Comment: 32 pages

Novo Mesto is a small town in the Slovenian countryside which is undergoing a new project of road safety. New traffic signals are to be placed in bus stops to give drivers awareness of children standing waiting for the bus. Our mission is to use an eye tracker (the Dikablis device by Ergoneers) to study the reaction of three test drivers against these new signals; if they do detect them or not and if they modify their driving behavior once noticed them. The methodology is to do a first test before the signal placements and another one after, and afterwards compare both situations. Results are satisfying, with high values of reliability, and make us think the new signals will be useful and will contribute to make the road a safer place for children. Outgoing

In order to improve our knowledge of the behaviour of Rivers Mountains and the risk associated to them, this TFM propose to study experimentally the morphodynamic behaviour of these rivers under avenue situation. The consequences of floods in High Mountain rivers are complex because the high slopes and the scour of the banks. Those processes studied superficially until today. The aim of the present work is to understand deeply those processes understanding the threshold of motion in high slopes rivers and the influence of it in the study of floods. Incoming

Prototyping or materialisation is an expensive stage of Product Design. In a lot of cases, the same technology is both used for the final product and test models; this makes the prototype units very expensive. The use of Additive Manufacturing to build prototypes and small lot parts might be incredibly useful in the future, reducing costs drastically. On the other hand, a large number of units should be build using ordinary methods, being more efficient when it comes to Mass Production. In this thesis, the limitations of Additive Manufacturing are faced creating a method that allows the production of semi-hollow parts. Depending on the AM Technology used and its own limitations, different geometries and parameters may change, allowing the part to be more or less hollow. However, the AM method designed would be the same. The current method has been tested using Fused Deposition Modelling Technology on PLA plastic. The bending beams were successfully printed and tested, giving good results and repeatability. Moreover, having determined that it works on FDM, the same method could be used for Powder Bed Fusion Technology and other AM Technologies.

The thesis studies: the methods for failure analysis of solids and structures, and the embedded strong discontinuity finite elements for modelling material failures in quasi brittle 2d solids. As for the failure analysis, the consistently linearized path-following method with quadratic constraint equation is first presented and studied in detail. The derived path-following method can be applied in the nonlinear finite element analysis of solids and structures in order to compute a highly nonlinear solution path. However, when analysing the nonlinear problems with the localized material failures (i.e. materialsoftening), standard path-following methods can fail. For this reason we derived new versions of the pathfollowing method, with other constraint functions, more suited for problems that take into account localized material failures. One version is based on adaptive one-degree-of-freedom constraint equation, which proved to be relatively successful in analysing problems with the material softening that are modelled by the embedded-discontinuity finite elements. The other versions are based on controlling incremental plastic dissipation or plastic work in an inelastic structure. The dissipation due to crack opening and propagation, computed by e.g. embedded discontinuity finite elements, is taken into account. The advantages and disadvantages of the presented path-following methods with different constraint equations are discussed and illustrated on a set of numerical examples. As for the modelling material failures in quasi brittle 2d solids (e.g. concrete), several embedded strong discontinuity finite element formulations are derived and studied. The considered formulations are based either on: (a) classical displacement-based isoparametric quadrilateral finite element or (b) on quadrilateral finite element enhanced with incompatible displacements. In order to describe a crack formation and opening, the element kinematics is enhanced by four basic separation modes and related kinematic parameters. The interpolation functions that describe enhanced kinematics have a jump in displacements along the crack. Two possibilities were studied for deriving the operators in the local equilibrium equations that are responsible for relating the bulk stresses with the tractions in the crack. For the crack embedment, the major-principle-stress criterion was used, which is suitable for the quasi brittle materials. The normal and tangential cohesion tractions in the crack are described by two uncoupled, nonassociative damage-softening constitutive relations. A new crack tracing algorithm is proposed for computation of crack propagation through the mesh. It allows for crack formation in several elements in a single solution increment. Results of a set of numerical examples are provided in order to assess the performance of derived embedded strong discontinuity quadrilateral finite element formulations, the crack tracing algorithm, and the solution methods.; Objectifs de la thèse : l’analyse à rupture de structure de type solides et membranes et la modélisation de la rupture quasi-fragile par la méthode des éléments finis à forte discontinuité en cas de solide 2D. Dans ce travail, la méthode de continuation avec une équation de contrainte quadratique est présentée sous sa forme linéarisée. En présence de ruptures locales, la méthode de continuation standard peut échouer. Afin d’améliorer la performance de cette méthode, nous proposons de nouvelles versions plus sophistiquées qui prennent en compte les ruptures locales des matériaux. D’une part, une version est basée sur une équation supplémentaire adaptative imposant une limitation. Cette version est considérée relativement satisfaisante pour les matériaux adoucissants. D’autres versions sont basées sur le contrôle de la dissipation incrémentale pour les matériaux inélastiques. Plusieurs formulations d’éléments finis à forte discontinuité sont présentées en détails pour l’analyse de rupture quasi-fragile. Les approximations discrètes du champ de déplacement sont basées sur des éléments quadrilatéraux isoparamétriques ou des éléments quadrilatéraux enrichis par la méthode des modes incompatibles. Afin de décrire la formation d’une fissure ainsi que son ouverture, la cinématique de l’élément est enrichie par quatre modes de séparation et des paramètres cinématiques. On a également proposé un nouvel algorithme de repérage de fissure pour l’évaluation de la propagation de la fissure à travers le maillage. Plusieurs exemples numériques sont réalisés afin de montrer la performance de l’élément quadrilatéral à forte discontinuité ainsi que l’algorithme de repérage de fissure proposé.; Doktorska disertacija obravnava: (i) metode za porušno analizo trdnih teles in konstrukcij, ter (ii) končne elemente z vgrajeno močno nezveznostjo za modeliranje materialne porušitve v kvazi krhkih 2d trdnih telesih. Za porušno analizo smo najprej preučili konsistentno linearizirano metodo sledenja ravnotežne poti skvadratno vezno enačbo (metoda krožnega loka). Metoda omogoča izračun analize nelinearnih modelov, ki imajo izrazito nelinearno ravnotežno pot. Kljub temu standardne metode sledenja poti lahko odpovedo,kadar analiziramo nelinearne probleme z lokalizirano materialno porušitvijo (mehčanje materiala). Zatosmo izpeljali nove različice metode sledenja poti z drugimi veznimi enačbami, ki so bolj primerne zaprobleme z lokalizirano porušitvijo materiala. Ena različica temelji na adaptivni vezni enačbi, pri katerivodimo izbrano prostostno stopnjo. Izkazalo se je, da je metoda relativno uspešna pri analizi problemov zmaterialnim mehčanjem, ki so modelirani s končnimi elementi z vgrajeno nezveznostjo. Druge različicetemeljijo na kontroli plastične disipacije ali plastičnega dela v neelastičnem trdnem telesu ali konstrukciji.Upoštevana je tudi disipacija zaradi širjenja razpok v elementih z vgrajeno nezveznostjo. Prednosti inslabosti predstavljenih metod sledenja ravnotežnih poti z različnimi veznimi enačbami so predstavljeni naštevilnih numeričnih primerih. Za modeliranje porušitve materiala v kvazi krhkih 2d trdnih telesih (npr. betonskih) smo izpeljali različne formulacije končnih elementov z vgrajeno močno nezveznostjo v pomikih. Obravnavane formulacije temeljijo bodisi (a) na klasičnem izoparametričnem štirikotnem končnem elementu bodisi (b) na štirikotnem končnem elementu, ki je izboljšan z nekompatibilnimi oblikami za pomike. Nastanek in širjenje razpoke opišemo tako, da kinematiko v elementu dopolnimo s štirimi osnovnimi oblikami širjenja razpoke in pripadajočimi kinematičnimi parametri. Interpolacijske funkcije, ki opisujejo izboljšano kinematiko, zajemajo skoke v pomikih vzdolž razpoke. Obravnavali smo dva načina izpeljave operatorjev, ki nastopajo v lokalni ravnotežni enačbi in povezujejo napetosti v končnem elementu z napetostmi na vgrajeni nezveznosti. Kriterij za vstavitev nezveznosti (razpoke) temelji na kriteriju največje glavne napetosti in je primeren za krhke materiale. Normalne in tangentne kohezijske napetosti v razpoki opišemo z dvema nepovezanima, poškodbenima konstitutivnima zakonoma za mehčanje. Predlagamo novi algoritem za sledenje razpoki za izračun širjenja razpoke v mreži končnih elementov. Algoritem omogoča formacijo razpok v več končnih elementih v enem obtežnem koraku. Izračunali smo številne numerične primere, da bi ocenili delovanje izpeljanih formulacij štirikotnih končnih elementov z vgrajeno nezveznostjo in algoritma za sledenje razpoki kot tudi delovanje metod sledenja ravnotežnih poti.

This paper presents a 3D mesh adaptivity strategy on unstructured tetrahedral meshes by a posteriori error estimates based on metrics derived from the Hessian of a solution. The study is made on the case of a nonlinear finite element minimization scheme for the Landau-de Gennes free energy functional of nematic liquid crystals. Newton's iteration for tensor fields is employed with steepest descent method possibly stepping in.Aspects relating the driving of mesh adaptivity within the nonlinear scheme are considered. The algorithmic performance is found to depend on at least two factors: when to trigger each single mesh adaptation, and the precision of the correlated remeshing. Each factor is represented by a parameter, with its values possibly varying for every new mesh adaptation. We empirically show that the time of the overall algorithm convergence can vary considerably when different sequences of parameters are used, thus posing a question about optimality.The extensive testings and debugging done within this work on the simulation of systems of nematic colloids substantially contributed to the upgrade of an open source finite element-oriented programming language to its 3D meshing possibilities, as also to an outer 3D remeshing module.

Recently Lieb and Seiringer showed that the Bessis-Moussa-Villani conjecture from quantum physics can be restated in the following purely algebraic way: The sum of all words in two positive semidefinite matrices where the number of each of the two letters is fixed is always a matrix with nonnegative trace. We show that this statement holds if the words are of length at most 13. This has previously been known only up to length 7. In our proof, we establish a connection to sums of hermitian squares of polynomials in noncommuting variables and to semidefinite programming. As a by-product we obtain an example of a real polynomial in two noncommuting variables having nonnegative trace on all symmetric matrices of the same size, yet not being a sum of hermitian squares and commutators., 21 pages; minor changes; a companion Mathematica notebook is now available in the source file

Recenzowany tom jest pokłosiem konferencji zorganizowanej w dniach 24–25 października przez Koło Naukowe Glottodydaktyków, działające przy Katedrze Lingwistyki Stosowanej i Kulturowej UŁ. Organizatorzy konferencji zaproponowali bardzo atrakcyjny i ważny temat, który zainspirował jej uczestników do przygotowania artykułów skupionych wokół trzech grup zagadnień: dydaktyki języka, lingwistyki kulturowej i dialektologii. Ogromnie cieszy zainteresowanie młodych naukowców tematyką dydaktyczną i glottodydaktyczną oraz kulturową. Zamieszczone w tomie artykuły pokazują poszukiwania nowych metod nauczania, przy znajomości dotychczasowych osiągnięć w tej dziedzinie, w oparciu o wiedzę językoznawczą i z wykorzystaniem technologii informacyjnych. Cykliczne organizowanie takich konferencji jest ważną i cenną inicjatywą młodych językoznawców, dydaktyków i kulturoznawców.

12 pages; International audience; Mountainous areas are characterized by substantial biodiversity and endemicity due to their complex geological history and habitat fragmentation. Hence, it can be assumed that particularly high species richness can be found in organisms with limited dispersal capabilities that inhabit mountain streams. A number of scientific papers focus on molecular phylogeography or traditional taxonomy of species or species groups inhabiting such habitats. However, there is a lack of studies that integrate morphological and molecular data to identify and delineate cryptic species. For practical reasons, uncovering cryptic diversity is crucial in taxa used in biomonitoring. Distinct species, hard to separate based on morphology only, may have different tolerance ranges towards a variety of factors. Thus, our goal is to combine the two approaches to reveal potential patterns of diversification within a species widely distributed across European mountains: the amphipod crustacean Gammarus balcanicus. The data were obtained from 13 populations spread across the range of the species. Individuals were initially ascribed to G. balcanicus based on conventional fauna key morpho-anatomical diagnostic features and were further analysed for 23 additional features to explore any putative diversification. Morphometric data were analysed with use of the multiple correspondence analysis and anova. Molecular distances were calculated for 551-bp-long COI sequences. Test for isolation by distance was performed for both morphological and molecular data. The morphometric studies showed that some of the analysed features differed significantly between populations, although there was only a weak correlation between the morphological divergence and the between-population geographical distances. Moreover, high morphological diversity was present within sites. A set of 42 COI haplotypes was identified among the 135 individuals sequenced. No haplotype was shared among populations. The molecular p-distances within the nine localities presenting more than one haplotype were either almost null (ca. 0.14), similar as between other well-defined species of the genus Gammarus. Surprisingly, G. balcanicus appears to be polyphyletic based on topology of the neighbour-joining tree. The level of genetic distance between localities was not correlated with their geographical proximity. Globally, combining spatial patterns of morphological versus molecular divergence indicates a high level of cryptic diversity within a species conventionally defined based upon fauna key morphological features. In this context, the name G. balcanicus should be applied only to the population from locus typicus, while the other populations represent a number of putative distinct species. We may expect that such phenomenon would apply also to other animal taxa with conserved morphology, which are widespread over different mountain ranges in Europe.

International audience; Two chromium(III) coordination compounds synthesized from a solution of the tridentate (NON) ligand bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid (HL' Hbdrnpza), namely [Cr(L)(2)](H(NO3)2) (1) and [Cr(HL)CI3] (2), are reported. The centrosymmetric central coordination sphere in compound I is fulfilled by two deprotonated ligands L- giving sterically closed coordination shell with pink-orange colored CrO2N4 chromophore. The coordination cation is accompanied by the dinitratohydrogenate(1-) counter anion. Contrary to compound 1, the compound 2 shows only one Hbdmpza ligand, which is protonated HI, though with the same three coordinate N,O,N atoms. Both title compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from the acetonitrile solution with the starting counter-anion remaining in the final product as a new counter anion H(NO3)(2-) in 1, or the coordinated chloride anions in 2 with green colored CrON2Cl3 chromophore. We were able to isolate the single crystals of I, while only polycrystalline material for 2. Nevertheless, the crystal structure of 2 containing two octahedral coordination molecules in the asymmetric unit was determined via the combination of DFF calculations and the powder XRD analysis. Though both compounds reveal a mononuclear octahedral coordination motif, the catalytic accessibility of the compound 2, due to only one tridentate ligand L (HL) per one Cr(III) centre clearly promises more to this aspect. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Namen projekta »Skupni geoinformacijski sistem za varovanje virov pitne vode v izrednih dogodkih (GEP)« je vzpostaviti enoten čezmejni sistem ukrepanja civilne zaščite v primeru ogroženosti virov pitne vode zaradi tehnološkega tveganja in naravnih nesreč na območju Gorenjske, Goriške in Obalno– kraške statistične regije v Sloveniji ter Avtonomne dežele Furlanije-Julijske krajine v Italiji. Za pripravo ustreznih načrtov ukrepanja je potrebno upoštevati hidrogeološke in hidrološke značilnosti območja v prispevnem zaledju vodnih virov. Od teh je namreč odvisno, na kakšen način in v kakšnem obsegu se bo morebitno onesnaženje širilo proti vodnim virom in v kolikšni meri bo ogrozilo njihovo kakovost. Pomembna pridobitev projekta je hidrogeološka nadgradnja GIS-a virov pitne vode na osnovi skupnih čezmejnih hidrogeoloških raziskav z metodami kartiranja ranljivosti in numeričnega modeliranja za kraški vodonosnik Trnovsko–Banjške planote in aluvialni vodonosnik Soške nižine, ki sta glavna skupna vira pitne vode. Zbrane podatke smo povezali v hidrogeološki model, ki povzema značilnosti pretakanja vode in širjenja onesnaženja ter ga vključili v obstoječi GIS. Ta omogoča, da lahko v primeru onesnaženja na določeni lokaciji takoj ocenimo, kateri vodni viri so ogroženi in kdaj najprej lahko pričakujemo pojav onesnaženja v njih. Da bi lahko onesnaženje pravočasno zaznali, je potrebno na ogroženih vodnih virih vzpostaviti monitoring kakovosti. Pri njegovem načrtovanju moramo upoštevati hidrogeološke značilnosti območja in izvajanje sproti prilagajati trenutnim hidrološkim razmeram. Podane so osnovne smernice za spremljanje kakovosti vodnih virov ob izrednih dogodkih. Izdelani GIS omogoča, da lahko tudi osebe, ki niso strokovnjaki na področju hidrogeologije, enostavno in hitro pridejo do prvih informacij o ogroženosti virov pitne vode ob izrednih dogodkih ter jih upoštevajo pri načrtovanju takojšnjega ukrepanja. V naslednjih fazah pa je za bolj podrobno analizo nastalih razmer in optimizacijo ukrepov zelo koristno sodelovanje hidrogeologov. V okviru projekta smo izvedli tudi prostorsko analizo, pri kateri smo upoštevali vse človekove dejavnosti, ki lahko vplivajo na kakovost vodnih virov. Analiza je privedla do poznavanja najpomembnejših onesnaževalcev in najbolj občutljivih območij v Soški nižini. Kot primer pravilnega upravljanja z okoljem smo pripravili alternativni scenarij, ki bi na podlagi ekonomsko in ekološko izvedljivih ukrepov lahko pripeljal do izboljšanja trenutnega stanja. Postavljen je bil geoinformacijski sistem (GIS) projekta GEP, ki vključuje zbrane podatke o vodnih virih na obravnavanem območju.

During the last century there has been a growing concern about water pollution throughout the developed countries. Water has a major impact on the environment as it is used by all living being. This leads to leave the wastewater used with an acceptable quality for its next destination. Fortunately, national and international water quality agreements and laws have pushed development of wastewater treatment technology that nowadays allows us to return the used water to the environment in good conditions. Nevertheless, more modern and simpler technologies should be researched in order to make wastewater treatment a process reachable all around the world within the minimum environmental impact and minimizing waste. This thesis researches one of the technologies with more future in this field; the Fenton process, a reaction that belongs to the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs). The aim of this thesis is to optimise the Fenton reaction. This has been done by testing different catalysts, concentration of chemicals, and operational conditions. In this context, the experiments performed in the frame of this study have explored: - The feasibility of the iron/iron oxide catalyst. - The optimum reactive conditions for the heterogeneous Fenton process; the reaction pH, concentration of the H2O2 and temperature. - The optimal preparation of the catalyst in terms of its level of oxidation and Its potentials or limitations in applied Fenton process. Towards the checking of these parameters the experiments were conducted using propionic acid (PA) as a model of organic substance with nine different iron oxide catalysts in order to simulate a wastewater sample under the Fenton’s reaction and with a regular checking of the amount of total organic carbon (TOC) with time. Obtained results showed good process efficiency near to 50% of TOC removal, working at a smoothly acid pH and without remarkable iron leaching at 60 ºC and an excess of H2O2.

In this work, several beam finite element formulations are proposed for failure analysis of planar reinforced concrete beams and frames under monotonic static loading. The localized failure of material is modeled by the embedded strong discontinuity concept, which enhances standard interpolation of displacement (or rotation) with a discontinuous function, associated with an additional kinematic parameter representing jump in displacement (or rotation). The new parameters are local and are condensed on the element level. One stress resultant and two multi-layer beam finite elements are derived. The stress resultant Euler-Bernoulli beam element has embedded discontinuity in rotation. Bending response of the bulk of the element is described by elasto-plastic stress resultant material model. The cohesive relation between the moment and the rotational jump at the softening hinge is described by rigid-plastic model. Axial response is elastic. In the multi-layer beam finite elements, each layer is treated as a bar, made of either concrete or steel. Regular axial strain in a layer is computed according to Euler-Bernoulli or Timoshenko beam theory. Additional axial strain is produced by embedded discontinuity in axial displacement, introduced individually in each layer. Behavior of concrete bars is described by elastodamage model, while elasto-plasticity model is used for steel bars. The cohesive relation between the stress at the discontinuity and the axial displacement jump is described by rigid-damage softening model in concrete bars and by rigid-plastic softening model in steel bars. Shear response in the Timoshenko element is elastic. Finally, the multi-layer Timoshenko beam finite element is upgraded by including viscosity in the softening model. Computer code implementation is presented in detail for the derived elements. An operator split computational procedure is presented for each formulation. The expressions, required for the local computation of inelastic internal variables and for the global computation of the degrees of freedom, are provided. Performance of the derived elements is illustrated on a set of numerical examples, which show that the multi-layer Euler-Bernoulli beam finite element is not reliable, while the stress-resultant Euler-Bernoulli beam and the multi-layer Timoshenko beam finite elements deliver satisfying results.; Dans ce travail, différentes formulations d'éléments de poutres sont proposées pour l'analyse à rupture de structures de type poutres ou portiques en béton armé soumises à des chargements statiques monotones. La rupture localisée des matériaux est modélisée par la méthode à discontinuité forte, qui consiste à enrichir l'interpolation standard des déplacements (ou rotations) avec des fonctions discontinues associées à un paramètre cinématique supplémentaire interprété comme un saut de déplacement (ou rotation). Ces paramètres additionnels sont locaux et condensés au niveau élémentaire. Un élément fini écrit en efforts résultants et deux éléments finis multi-couches sont développés dans ce travail. L'élément de poutre d'Euler Bernouilli écrit en effort résultant présente une discontinuité en rotation. La réponse en flexion du matériau hors discontinuité est décrite par un modèle élastoplastique en effort résultant et la relation cohésive liant moment et saut de rotation sur la rotule plastique est, quant à elle, décrite par un modèle rigide plastique. La réponse axiale est suppposée élastique. Pour ce qui concerne l'approche multi-couche, chaque couche est considérée comme une barre constituée de béton ou d'acier. La partie régulière de la déformation de chaque couche est calculée en s'appuyant sur la cinématique associée à la théorie d'Euler Bernoulli ou de Timoshenko. Une déformation axiale additionnelle est considérée par l'introduction d'une discontinuité du déplacement axial, introduite indépendamment dans chaque couche. Le comportement du béton est pris en compte par un modèle élasto-endommageable alors que celui de l'acier est décrit par un modèle élastoplastique. La relation cohésive entre la traction sur la discontinuité et le saut de déplacement axial est décrit par un modèle rigide endommageable adoucissant pour les barres (couches) en béton et rigide plastique adoucissant pour les barres en acier. La réponse en cisaillement pour l'élement de Timoshenko est supposée élastique. Enfin, l'élément multi-couche de Timoshenko est enrichi en introduisant une partie visqueuse dans la réponse adoucissante. L'implantation numérique des différents éléments développés dans ce travail est présentée en détail. La résolution par une procédure d'«operator split» est décrite pour chaque type d'élément. Les différentes quantités nécessaires pour le calcul au niveau local des variables internes des modèles non linéaires ainsi que pour la construction du système global fournissant les valeurs des dégrés de liberté sont précisées. Les performances des éléments développés sont illustrées à travers des exemples numériques montrant que la formulation basée sur un élément multicouche d'Euler Bernouilli n'est pas robuste alors les simulations s'appuyant sur des éléments d'Euler Bernouilli en efforts résultants ou sur des éléments multicouche de Timoshenko fournissent des résultats très satisfaisants.; V disertaciji predlagamo nekaj formulacij končnih elementov za porušno analizo armiranobetonskih nosilcev in okvirjev pod monotono statično obteˇzbo. Lokalizirano porušitev materiala modeliramo z metodo vgrajene nezveznosti, pri kateri standardno interpolacijo pomikov (ali zasukov) nadgradimo z nezvezno interpolacijsko funkcijo in z dodatnim kinematičnim parametrom, ki predstavlja velikost nezveznosti v pomikih (ali zasukih). Dodatni parametri so lokalnega značaja in jih kondenziramo na nivoju elementa. Izpeljemo en rezultantni in dva večslojna končna elementa za nosilec. Rezultantni element za Euler-Bernoullijev nosilec ima vgrajeno nezveznost v zasukih. Njegov upogibni odziv opišemo z elasto-plastičnim rezultantnim materialnim modelom. Kohezivni zakon, ki povezuje moment v plastičnem členku s skokom v zasuku, opišemo s togo-plastičnim modelom mehčanja. Osni odziv je elastičen. V večslojnih končnih elementih vsak sloj obravnavamo kot betonsko ali jekleno palico. Standardno osno deformacijo v palici izračunamo v skladu z Euler-Bernoullijevo ali s Timošenkovo teorijo nosilcev. Vgrajena nezveznost v osnem pomiku povzroči dodatno osno deformacijo v posamezni palici. Obnašanje betonskega sloja opišemo z modelom elasto-poškodovanosti, za sloj armature pa uporabimo elasto-plastični model. Kohezivni zakon, ki povezuje napetost v nezveznosti s skokom v osnem pomiku, opišemo z modelom mehčanja v poškodovanosti za beton in s plastičnim modelom mehčanja za jeklo.Striˇzni odziv Timošenkovega nosilca je elastičen. Večslojni končni element za Timošenkov nosilec nadgradimo z viskoznim modelom mehčanja. Za vsak končni element predstavimo računski algoritem ter vse potrebne izraze za lokalni izračun neelastičnih notranjih spremenljivk in za globalni izračun prostostnih stopenj. Delovanje končnih elementov preizkusimo na več numeričnih primerih. Ugotovimo, da večslojni končni element za Euler-Bernoullijev nosilec ni zanesljiv, medtem ko rezultantni končni element za Euler-Bernoullijev nosilec in večslojni končni element za Timošenkov nosilec dajeta zadovoljive rezultate.

In this work, several beam finite element formulations are proposed for failure analysis of planar reinforced concrete beams and frames under monotonic static loading. The localized failure of material is modeled by the embedded strong discontinuity concept, which enhances standard interpolation of displacement (or rotation) with a discontinuous function, associated with an additional kinematic parameter representing jump in displacement (or rotation). The new parameters are local and are condensed on the element level. One stress resultant and two multi-layer beam finite elements are derived. The stress resultant Euler-Bernoulli beam element has embedded discontinuity in rotation. Bending response of the bulk of the element is described by elasto-plastic stress resultant material model. The cohesive relation between the moment and the rotational jump at the softening hinge is described by rigid-plastic model. Axial response is elastic. In the multi-layer beam finite elements, each layer is treated as a bar, made of either concrete or steel. Regular axial strain in a layer is computed according to Euler-Bernoulli or Timoshenko beam theory. Additional axial strain is produced by embedded discontinuity in axial displacement, introduced individually in each layer. Behavior of concrete bars is described by elastodamage model, while elasto-plasticity model is used for steel bars. The cohesive relation between the stress at the discontinuity and the axial displacement jump is described by rigid-damage softening model in concrete bars and by rigid-plastic softening model in steel bars. Shear response in the Timoshenko element is elastic. Finally, the multi-layer Timoshenko beam finite element is upgraded by including viscosity in the softening model. Computer code implementation is presented in detail for the derived elements. An operator split computational procedure is presented for each formulation. The expressions, required for the local computation of inelastic internal variables and for the global computation of the degrees of freedom, are provided. Performance of the derived elements is illustrated on a set of numerical examples, which show that the multi-layer Euler-Bernoulli beam finite element is not reliable, while the stress-resultant Euler-Bernoulli beam and the multi-layer Timoshenko beam finite elements deliver satisfying results.; Dans ce travail, différentes formulations d'éléments de poutres sont proposées pour l'analyse à rupture de structures de type poutres ou portiques en béton armé soumises à des chargements statiques monotones. La rupture localisée des matériaux est modélisée par la méthode à discontinuité forte, qui consiste à enrichir l'interpolation standard des déplacements (ou rotations) avec des fonctions discontinues associées à un paramètre cinématique supplémentaire interprété comme un saut de déplacement (ou rotation). Ces paramètres additionnels sont locaux et condensés au niveau élémentaire. Un élément fini écrit en efforts résultants et deux éléments finis multi-couches sont développés dans ce travail. L'élément de poutre d'Euler Bernouilli écrit en effort résultant présente une discontinuité en rotation. La réponse en flexion du matériau hors discontinuité est décrite par un modèle élastoplastique en effort résultant et la relation cohésive liant moment et saut de rotation sur la rotule plastique est, quant à elle, décrite par un modèle rigide plastique. La réponse axiale est suppposée élastique. Pour ce qui concerne l'approche multi-couche, chaque couche est considérée comme une barre constituée de béton ou d'acier. La partie régulière de la déformation de chaque couche est calculée en s'appuyant sur la cinématique associée à la théorie d'Euler Bernoulli ou de Timoshenko. Une déformation axiale additionnelle est considérée par l'introduction d'une discontinuité du déplacement axial, introduite indépendamment dans chaque couche. Le comportement du béton est pris en compte par un modèle élasto-endommageable alors que celui de l'acier est décrit par un modèle élastoplastique. La relation cohésive entre la traction sur la discontinuité et le saut de déplacement axial est décrit par un modèle rigide endommageable adoucissant pour les barres (couches) en béton et rigide plastique adoucissant pour les barres en acier. La réponse en cisaillement pour l'élement de Timoshenko est supposée élastique. Enfin, l'élément multi-couche de Timoshenko est enrichi en introduisant une partie visqueuse dans la réponse adoucissante. L'implantation numérique des différents éléments développés dans ce travail est présentée en détail. La résolution par une procédure d'«operator split» est décrite pour chaque type d'élément. Les différentes quantités nécessaires pour le calcul au niveau local des variables internes des modèles non linéaires ainsi que pour la construction du système global fournissant les valeurs des dégrés de liberté sont précisées. Les performances des éléments développés sont illustrées à travers des exemples numériques montrant que la formulation basée sur un élément multicouche d'Euler Bernouilli n'est pas robuste alors les simulations s'appuyant sur des éléments d'Euler Bernouilli en efforts résultants ou sur des éléments multicouche de Timoshenko fournissent des résultats très satisfaisants.; V disertaciji predlagamo nekaj formulacij končnih elementov za porušno analizo armiranobetonskih nosilcev in okvirjev pod monotono statično obteˇzbo. Lokalizirano porušitev materiala modeliramo z metodo vgrajene nezveznosti, pri kateri standardno interpolacijo pomikov (ali zasukov) nadgradimo z nezvezno interpolacijsko funkcijo in z dodatnim kinematičnim parametrom, ki predstavlja velikost nezveznosti v pomikih (ali zasukih). Dodatni parametri so lokalnega značaja in jih kondenziramo na nivoju elementa. Izpeljemo en rezultantni in dva večslojna končna elementa za nosilec. Rezultantni element za Euler-Bernoullijev nosilec ima vgrajeno nezveznost v zasukih. Njegov upogibni odziv opišemo z elasto-plastičnim rezultantnim materialnim modelom. Kohezivni zakon, ki povezuje moment v plastičnem členku s skokom v zasuku, opišemo s togo-plastičnim modelom mehčanja. Osni odziv je elastičen. V večslojnih končnih elementih vsak sloj obravnavamo kot betonsko ali jekleno palico. Standardno osno deformacijo v palici izračunamo v skladu z Euler-Bernoullijevo ali s Timošenkovo teorijo nosilcev. Vgrajena nezveznost v osnem pomiku povzroči dodatno osno deformacijo v posamezni palici. Obnašanje betonskega sloja opišemo z modelom elasto-poškodovanosti, za sloj armature pa uporabimo elasto-plastični model. Kohezivni zakon, ki povezuje napetost v nezveznosti s skokom v osnem pomiku, opišemo z modelom mehčanja v poškodovanosti za beton in s plastičnim modelom mehčanja za jeklo.Striˇzni odziv Timošenkovega nosilca je elastičen. Večslojni končni element za Timošenkov nosilec nadgradimo z viskoznim modelom mehčanja. Za vsak končni element predstavimo računski algoritem ter vse potrebne izraze za lokalni izračun neelastičnih notranjih spremenljivk in za globalni izračun prostostnih stopenj. Delovanje končnih elementov preizkusimo na več numeričnih primerih. Ugotovimo, da večslojni končni element za Euler-Bernoullijev nosilec ni zanesljiv, medtem ko rezultantni končni element za Euler-Bernoullijev nosilec in večslojni končni element za Timošenkov nosilec dajeta zadovoljive rezultate.

The main topic addressed in this paper is trace-optimization of polynomials in noncommuting (nc) variables: given an nc polynomial f, what is the smallest trace $${f(\underline {A})}$$ can attain for a tuple of matrices $${\underline {A}}$$ ? A relaxation using semidefinite programming (SDP) based on sums of hermitian squares and commutators is proposed. While this relaxation is not always exact, it gives effectively computable bounds on the optima. To test for exactness, the solution of the dual SDP is investigated. If it satisfies a certain condition called flatness, then the relaxation is exact. In this case it is shown how to extract global trace-optimizers with a procedure based on two ingredients. The first is the solution to the truncated tracial moment problem, and the other crucial component is the numerical implementation of the Artin-Wedderburn theorem for matrix *-algebras due to Murota, Kanno, Kojima, Kojima, and Maehara. Trace-optimization of nc polynomials is a nontrivial extension of polynomial optimization in commuting variables on one side and eigenvalue optimization of nc polynomials on the other side—two topics with many applications, the most prominent being to linear systems engineering and quantum physics. The optimization problems discussed here facilitate new possibilities for applications, e.g. in operator algebras and statistical physics.

Artykuł poświęcony jest frazeologii porównawczej. Porównano w nim związki frazeologiczne znajdujące się w podręczniku E. Rybickiej Nie taki diabeł straszny… Podręcznik frazeologii dla obcokrajowców ze związkami wyrazowymi występującymi w języku słoweńskim. Podstawą podziału materiału było kryterium formalno-znaczeniowe oraz kulturowe – zbadano, które z tych związków mają taką samą, podobną, czy inną strukturę, które znaczą to samo lub co innego i jaki jest ich zakres użycia w obu językach. The article deals with comparative phraseology. It compares phraseological units which can be found in the textbook Nie taki diabeł straszny… Podręcznik frazeologii dla obcokrajowców [The devil is not as black…Textbook of phraseology for foreigners] by E. Rybicka with the corresponding Slovene phraseological units. The main criterion for the division was that of formal and semantic correspondence, based on the semantics and the structural form of the phraseological equivalent. We examined which of the phraseological units have identical, similar or different structure, which carry the same or different meaning and what is the scope of their usage in both languages. The comparative analysis demonstrated three main types of equivalency – full, partial and substitutionary.

Within the master work the phenomenon of appearance of firecracks on the surface of the work rolls that occur during hot rolling of flat products in the case of regular rolling conditions and in the case of the rolling mill stalls was investigated. During hot rolling work rolls are subjected to successive heating and cooling conditions. Their surface is exposed to rapid temperature changes due to the contact with hot rolled material and due to cold water used for rolls cooling. These cyclic heating/cooling conditions cause thermal fatigue which is one of the most important factors affecting the rate of surface deterioration as well as mechanical fatigue and abrasion. Two different tests for the laboratory assessments of the thermal fatigue resistance of the high-chromium steel rolls were used. The first test enables a simulation of the work roll thermal fatigue in the case of regular rolling conditions. Furthermore, with the second test thermal fatigue of work rolls in the case of the rolling mill stalls was investigated. Both tests were implemented in a thermo-mechanical simulator of metallurgical states, the Gleeble 1500D. Finite elements method simulations were performed to determinate the temperature distribution in the work rolls by using NSC.SuperForm software. Evident dependence of the crack nucleation and their growth with the temperature and the cooling medium was found but no dependence due to the length of contact time was found. The influence of slab thickness and slab initial temperature to the temperature evolution in the surface layer of the work roll was estimated. The master work contributes to better understanding of crack nucleation and their growth during the usual hot rolling conditions, as well as for the case of rolling mill stalls. Outgoing

Projecte final de de carrera fet en col.laboració amb University of Ljubljana. Faculty of Electrical Engineering English: Analysis of the impact of traffic self-similarity on queues utilization of a telecommunication network's device through the software tool Opnet modeler. Castellano: Análisis del impacto del tráfico autosimilar en la utilización de una cola de un dispositivo de una red de telecomunicaciones mediante el simulador Opnet modeler. Català: Anàlisi de l'mpacte del tràfic autosimilar en la utilizació d'una cua d'un dispositiu que pertany a una xarxa de telecomunicacions mitjançant el software Opnet modeler.