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1. The Effect of Social Isolation on Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic in France

Author

Pedro R. Olivares, Philippe Masson, Linda Lombi, Thierry Peze, Alessandro Porrovecchio, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 (URePSSS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Universidad de Huelva, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Université de Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 [URePSSS], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] [Unicatt], and Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille

Subjects
Adult, Male, Social distancing, Cross-sectional study, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Lifestyles, Sample (statistics), Computer-assisted web interviewing, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Logistic regression, Article, Settore SPS/07 - SOCIOLOGIA GENERALE, lockdown, 03 medical and health sciences, sedentarity, 0302 clinical medicine, Pandemic, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Social isolation, Exercise, Pandemics, education, Descriptive statistics, SARS-CoV-2, Social distance, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 3. Good health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Social Isolation, covid-19, Communicable Disease Control, Medicine, COVID-19, Female, France, lifestyles, social distancing, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Demography
Abstract

International audience; Introduction: Mandated restrictions on outdoor physical activity (PA) during the coronavirus pandemic disrupted the lifeworld of millions of people and led to a contradictory situation. On the one hand, PA was perceived as risky behaviour, as it might facilitate transmission of the virus. On the other hand, while taking precautions, regular PA was an important tool to promote the population's health during the lockdown.Methods: This paper examines the differences in government restrictions on PA in France, Germany, and Italy during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. We draw on techniques of qualitative content analysis and apply a critical theoretical framework to assess the countries' restrictions on PA.Results: Our analysis shows that the restrictions on PA varied in the three countries, in all three countries. This variance is attributed both to differences in the timing and severity of the pandemic in the countries analysed, as well as to the divergence in the relationships between the countries' sport and health systems.Conclusion: At the national level, the variance in restrictions on PA reflect the differences in the spread of the coronavirus and in the health systems' understanding of and approach to PA. The global scientific discourse on the pandemic represents a further key influencing factor. The management of the coronavirus pandemic has demonstrated that the extreme complexity of societies in terms of public health, politics, and the economy pose challenges and unsolvable contradictions.

Published
2021

2. Digital Twins and Healthcare: Quick Overview and Human-Centric Perspectives

Author

Barresi, Giacinto, Gaggioli, Andrea, Sternini, Federico, Ravizza, Alice, Pacchierotti, Claudio, de Michieli, Lorenzo, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS Ospedale San Luca [Milan, Italy] (IAI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele [Milan, Italy], Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), Sensor-based and interactive robotics (RAINBOW), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-RÉALITÉ VIRTUELLE, HUMAINS VIRTUELS, INTERACTIONS ET ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
Digital Twin, mHealth, precision medicine, Digital Health, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], simulation, Phygital Twin, human-centric technology
Abstract

Digital Twins constitute a class of innovative data-intensive network-based computing solutions based on real-time interactive simulations of physical systems-Physical Twins-in multiple domains, representing and predicting the states of complex systems (from bacteria to cities). However, the variety of Digital Twins proposed in literature makes difficult to shape a general definition for this class of computational tools (possibly merging with phygital systems). On the other hand, this is a sign of the versatility of Digital Twins, in both their own capability to solve heterogeneous problems in real world and to inspire novel approaches to handle the uncertainty in complex systems. Such advantages are also explored in fields like healthcare, especially considering domains of Digital Health and mHealth. Indeed, major efforts in research are pushing the methodological and technological boundaries of biomedical sciences, translational research, and precision medicine. Such efforts should be pursued for implementing Digital Twins helping, for instance, the humancentric optimization of the resources allocation in healthcare settings (hospitals, homes, and cities). This chapter will present the opportunity and the ethical issues of using these systems for foreseeing the future states of a person or a population (a need that certainly was highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic) or a system including a medical device and its user.

Published
2023

3. The impact of gender-role-orientations on subjective career success

Author

Jane Terpstra-Tong, David A. Ralston, Len Treviño, Charlotte Karam, Olivier Furrer, Fabian Froese, Brian Tjemkes, Fidel León Darder, Malika Richards, Marina Dabic, Yongjuan Li, Pingping Fu, Mario Molteni, Ian Palmer, Zuzana Tučková, Erna Szabo, Gabrielle Poeschl, Martin Hemmert, Arif Butt, Teresa de la Garza, Dalia Susniene, Satoko Suzuki, Narasimhan Srinivasan, Jamie Ruiz Gutierrez, Antonin Ricard, Zoltán Buzády, Luis Sigala Paparella, Oswaldo Morales, Vik Naidoo, Maria Kangasniemi-Haapala, Tevfik Dalgic, Ruth Alas, Vojko Potocan, Ajantha S. Dharmasiri, Yongqing Fang, Calvin Burns, Marian Crowley-Henry, Monash university, University Fellows International Research Consortium, Florida Atlantic University [Boca Raton], University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Université de Fribourg = University of Fribourg (UNIFR), Université de Goettingen, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitat de València (UV), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, University of Zagreb, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Nottingham Ningbo [China], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University (RMIT University), Tomas Bata University in Zlin (UTB), Johannes Kepler University Linz [Linz] (JKU), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Korea University [Seoul], Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Tecnológico Nacional de México (TecNM), Kaunas University of Technology (KTU), Hitotsubashi University, University of Connecticut (UCONN), Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille (CERGAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Aix-en-Provence (AMU IAE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Corvinus University of Budapest, Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado [Venezuela] (UCLA), The University of Sydney, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences (Xamk), University of Texas at Dallas [Richardson] (UT Dallas), University of Maribor, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, University of Canberra, University of Strathclyde [Glasgow], National University of Ireland Maynooth (Maynooth University), Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Management and Organisation, Amsterdam Business Research Institute, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz - Johannes Kepler University Linz [Autriche] (JKU), and University of Eastern Finland

Subjects
Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Gender-role-orientation, BEM sex role inventory (BSRI), Subject career success, SDG 5 - Gender Equality, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Conservation of resources, Life-span and Life-course Studies, Applied Psychology, Psychological androgyny, Education
Abstract

International audience; We investigate the relationships between gender-role-orientation (i.e., androgynous, masculine, feminine and undifferentiated) and subjective career success among business professionals from 36 societies. Drawing on the resource management perspective, we predict that androgynous individuals will report the highest subjective career success, followed by masculine, feminine, and undifferentiated individuals. We also postulate that meso-organizational culture and macro-societal values will have moderating effects on gender role's impact on subjective career success. The results of our hierarchical linear models support the hypothesized hierarchy of the relationships between gender-role-orientations and subjective career success. However, we found that ethical achievement values at the societal culture level was the only variable that had a positive moderating impact on the relationship between feminine orientation and subjective career success. Thus, our findings of minimal moderation effect suggest that meso- and macro-level environments may not play a significant role in determining an individual's perception of career success.

Published
2022

4. Model Order Reduction for Deforming Domain Problems in a Time-Continuous Space-Time Setting

Author

Key, Fabian, von Danwitz, Max, Ballarin, Francesco, Rozza, Gianluigi, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), and European Project: 872442,ARIA(2019)

Subjects
FOS: Mathematics, Numerical Analysis (math.NA), Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract

In the context of simulation-based methods, multiple challenges arise, two of which are considered in this work. As a first challenge, problems including time-dependent phenomena with complex domain deformations, potentially even with changes in the domain topology, need to be tackled appropriately. The second challenge arises when computational resources and the time for evaluating the model become critical in so-called many query scenarios for parametric problems. For example, these problems occur in optimization, uncertainty quantification (UQ), or automatic control and using highly resolved full-order models (FOMs) may become impractical. To address both types of complexity, we present a novel projection-based model order reduction (MOR) approach for deforming domain problems that takes advantage of the time-continuous space-time formulation. We apply it to two examples that are relevant for engineering or biomedical applications and conduct an error and performance analysis. In both cases, we are able to drastically reduce the computational expense for a model evaluation and, at the same time, to maintain an adequate accuracy level. All in all, this work indicates the effectiveness of the presented MOR approach for deforming domain problems taking advantage of a time-continuous space-time setting.

Published
2023

5. New Feedback Control and Adaptive Evolve-Filter-Relax Regularization for the Navier-Stokes Equations in the Convection-Dominated Regime

Author

Strazzullo, Maria, Ballarin, Francesco, Iliescu, Traian, Canuto, Claudio, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], and European Project: 872442,ARIA(2019)

Subjects
FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Numerical Analysis (math.NA), [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract

We propose, analyze, and investigate numerically a novel feedback control strategy for high Reynolds number flows. For both the continuous and the discrete (finite element) settings, we prove that the new strategy yields accurate results for high Reynolds numbers that were not covered by current results. We also show that the new feedback control yields more accurate results than the current control approaches in marginally-resolved numerical simulations of a two-dimensional flow past a circular cylinder at Reynolds numbers $Re=1000$. We note, however, that for realistic control parameters, the stabilizing effect of the new feedback control strategy is not sufficient in the convection-dominated regime. Our second contribution is the development of an adaptive evolve-filter-relax (aEFR) regularization that stabilizes marginally-resolved simulations in the convection-dominated regime and increases the accuracy of the new feedback control in realistic parameter settings. For the finite element setting, we prove that the novel feedback control equipped with the new aEFR method yields accurate results for high Reynolds numbers. Furthermore, our numerical investigation shows that the new strategy yields accurate results for reduced order models that dramatically decrease the size of the feedback control problem.

Published
2023
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6. HbA1c trajectories over 3 years in people with type 2 diabetes starting second-line glucose-lowering therapy: The prospective global DISCOVER study

Author

Brenda Bongaerts, Oliver Kuss, Fabrice Bonnet, Hungta Chen, Andrew Cooper, Peter Fenici, Marilia B. Gomes, Niklas Hammar, Linong Ji, Kamlesh Khunti, Jesús Medina, Antonio Nicolucci, Marina V. Shestakova, Hirotaka Watada, Wolfgang Rathmann, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], Université de Rennes (UR), AstraZeneca [Cambridge, UK], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UERJ), AstraZeneca, People's Hospital of Peking University (PKUPH), University of Leicester, Juntendo University Hospital [Tokyo], and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, USAOpen Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.

Subjects
Endocrinology, glycaemic control, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, observational study, type 2 diabetes, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, glucose-lowering drug
Abstract

International audience; Aim: To identify distinct HbA1c trajectories in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) starting second-line glucose-lowering therapy.Materials and Methods: DISCOVER was a 3-year observational study of individuals with T2D beginning second-line glucose-lowering therapy. Data were collected at initiation of second-line treatment (baseline) and at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. Latent class growth modelling was used to identify groups with distinct HbA1c trajectories.Results: After exclusions, 9295 participants were assessed. Four distinct HbA1c trajectories were identified. Mean HbA1c levels decreased between baseline and 6 months in all groups; 72.4% of participants showed stable good levels of glycaemic control over the remainder of follow-up, 18.0% showed stable moderate levels of glycaemic control and 2.9% showed stable poor levels of glycaemic control. Only 6.7% of participants showed highly improved glycaemic control at month 6 and stable control over the rest of follow-up. For all groups, dual oral therapy use decreased over time, compensated for by the increasing use of other treatment regimens. Use of injectable agents increased over time in groups with moderate and poor glycaemic control. Logistic regression models suggested that participants from high-income countries were more probable to be in the stable good trajectory group.Conclusions: Most people receiving second-line glucose-lowering treatment in this global cohort achieved stable good or highly improved long-term glycaemic control. One-fifth of participants showed moderate or poor glycaemic control during follow-up. Further large-scale studies are required to characterize possible factors associated with patterns of glycaemic control to inform personalized diabetes treatment.

Published
2023

7. An unprecedented case of cranial surgery in Longobard Italy (6th–8th century) using a cruciform incision

Author

Ileana Micarelli, Flavia Strani, Samuel Bedecarrats, Sara Bernardini, Robert R. Paine, Lawrence Bliquez, Caterina Giostra, Valentina Gazzaniga, Mary Anne Tafuri, Giorgio Manzi, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Centre Michel de Boüard - Centre de recherches archéologiques et historiques anciennes et médiévales (CRAHAM), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), University of Washington [Seattle], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Bedecarrats, Samuel [0000-0001-6016-577X], Tafuri, Mary Anne [0000-0002-2913-7225], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
CT scan, Archeology, paleopathology, bioarchaeology, Anthropology, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, SEM analysis, skull defect, Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

The Longobard necropolis of Castel Trosino dates from the 6th to the 8th century CE. Among the tombs excavated, the skull of an older female shows the first evidence of a cross-shaped bone modification on a living subject. Macroscopic, microscopic, and CT scan analyses revealed signs of at least two sets of scraping marks. Specifically, SEM analysis shows that perimortem bone-scraping traces are present on the skull. Both healed and non-healed defects suggest that the woman has received at least twice intentional bone modifications to address her condition. This is the first evidence of a cross-shaped therapeutic intervention on a living subject.

Published
2023

8. How to 'Trump' the energy market: evidence from the WTI-Brent spread

Author

Dragomirescu-Gaina, Catalin, Philippas, Dionisis, Goutte, Stéphane, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), ESSCA Research Lab, Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Commerciales d'Angers (ESSCA), SOUtenabilité et RésilienCE (SOURCE), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord])

Subjects
JEL: D - Microeconomics/D.D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty/D.D8.D80 - General, [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], WTI-Brent spread, speculation, [QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin], [QFIN.PR]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Pricing of Securities [q-fin.PR], Twitter, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [QFIN.ST]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Statistical Finance [q-fin.ST], [QFIN.CP]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Computational Finance [q-fin.CP], JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q4 - Energy/Q.Q4.Q48 - Government Policy, JEL: G - Financial Economics/G.G1 - General Financial Markets/G.G1.G14 - Information and Market Efficiency • Event Studies • Insider Trading, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract

Donald Trump's use of Twitter was unprecedented. Despite his erratic communication style, some of Trump's strong statements were made in reference to the U.S. oil & gas industry, in line with his domestic policy agenda aimed at supporting re-industrialization and local investment. Did his Twitter messages actually reach domestic oil producers, refiners and transport operators or rather speculators willing to financially gamble on new information sources? To address this question, we model the WTI-Brent spread, which commonly reflects supply bottlenecks in the U.S. crude oil sector, using a nonlinear approach that reveals the perverse influence of some of Trump's tweets particularly on market speculative dynamics. Finally, we outline policy recommendations to counteract the market consequences of speculative behaviour driven by political noise.

Published
2022

9. Online consultations in mental healthcare: Modelling determinants of use and experience based on an international survey study at the onset of the pandemic

Author

Tom Van Daele, Kim Mathiasen, Per Carlbring, Sylvie Bernaerts, Agostino Brugnera, Angelo Compare, Aranzazu Duque, Jonas Eimontas, David Gosar, Lise Haddouk, Maria Karekla, Pia Larsen, Gianluca Lo Coco, Tine Nordgreen, João Salgado, Andreas R. Schwerdtfeger, Eva Van Assche, Sam Willems, Nele A.J. De Witte, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of Bergamo, Centro Diagnostico Italiano (CDI), CB - Centre Borelli - UMR 9010 (CB), Service de Santé des Armées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Cyprus [Nicosia] (UCY), Department of Psychology, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Van Daele, Tom, Mathiasen, Kim, Carlbring, Per, Bernaerts, Sylvie, Brugnera, Agostino, Compare, Angelo, Duque, Aranzazu, Eimontas, Jona, Gosar, David, Haddouk, Lise, Karekla, Maria, Larsen, Pia, Lo Coco, Gianluca, Nordgreen, Tine, Salgado, João, Schwerdtfeger, Andreas R, Van Assche, Eva, Willems, Sam, and De Witte, Nele A J

Subjects
Psychiatry, Science & Technology, Psychology, Clinical, Social Sciences, COVID-19, Health Informatics, Digital mental health, digital mental health, online consultations, telepresence, TELEPSYCHOLOGY, CLINICS, Health Care Sciences & Services, Online consultations, Telepresence, Settore M-PSI/08 - Psicologia Clinica, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, PSYCHOTHERAPY, Psychology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Medical Informatics
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: While online consultations have shown promise to be a means for the effective delivery of high-quality mental healthcare and the first implementations of these digital therapeutic contacts go back nearly two decades, uptake has remained limited over the years. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically altered this relative standstill and created a unique turning point, with a massive amount of both professionals and clients having first hands-on experiences with technology in mental healthcare. OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to document the uptake of online consultations and explore if specific characteristics of mental health professionals across and beyond Europe could predict this. METHODS: An international survey was designed to assess mental health professionals' (initial) experiences with online consultations at the onset of the pandemic: their willingness to make use of them and their prior and current experiences, alongside several personal characteristics. Logistic mixed-effects models were used to identify predictors of the use of online consultations, personal experience with this modality, and the sense of telepresence. RESULTS: A total of 9115 healthcare professionals from 73 countries participated of which about two-thirds used online consultations during the initial COVID-19 outbreak. The current study identifies multiple determinants relating to the use and experience of online consultations, including the professionals' age, experience with the technology before the outbreak, the professional context, and training. CONCLUSIONS: Despite strong evidence supporting the relevance of training in digital mental health, this is clearly still lacking. Nevertheless, the COVID-19 pandemic presented a first, and potentially transformative, experience with online consultations for many healthcare professionals. The insights from this study can help support professionals and, importantly, (mental) healthcare organisations to create optimal circumstances for selective and high-quality continued use of online consultations. ispartof: INTERNET INTERVENTIONS-THE APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN MENTAL AND BEHAVIOURAL HEALTH vol:30 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published

Published
2022

10. Simulation of potential epidemics of downy mildew of grapevine in different scenarios of disease conduciveness

Author

Laetitia Willocquet, Vittorio Rossi, Serge Savary, Federica Bove, Department of Sustainable Crop Production - DI.PRO.VE.S., Facoltà di Scienze agrarie, alimentari e ambientali, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore within the CRUI-CARE Agreement

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Secondary infection, Climate change, Plant Science, Horticulture, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Plasmopara viticola, 03 medical and health sciences, Pathosystem, Model parameterisation, Scenario analysis, Host resistance, Mildew, Simulation modelling, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Potential epidemic analysis, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, Vitis vinifera, Model testing, Downy mildew, Settore AGR/12 - PATOLOGIA VEGETALE, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The parameterisation process of a previously developed modelling structure of the grapevine-downy mildew pathosystem is described. The model incorporates primary and secondary infections, host crop growth and development, along with a linkage between disease on foliage and disease on clusters. This process-based model was developed with a main objective of understanding the behaviour of the pathosystem under different, variable, environmental conditions, or under climate change. Six scenarios of disease conduciveness were developed in order to capture the range of environmental conditions under which potential downy mildew of grapevine epidemics can develop. These climate scenarios were based on moisture and temperature factors. The scenarios were translated into vectors of parameters for primary and secondary infections in the model. Model testing was performed in three steps: (i) an analysis of potential epidemics was conducted from the literature on grapevine downy mildew in order to delineate the behaviour of the pathosystem under different scenarios; (ii) a simulation experiment was conducted to investigate the response of the model to different patterns of environmental conditions, corresponding to six scenarios of disease conduciveness; and (iii) expected and simulated epidemics under these scenarios were compared. In scenarios, the model mobilised existing quantitative information on downy mildew of grapevine and generated outputs that are congruent with expected patterns of potential epidemic. This study indicates that the model is a reliable tool for simulating accurate and robust potential epidemics of downy mildew of grapevine in a scenario analysis. This can have many applications, such as the understanding of the behaviour of the pathosystem under climate change or when partial host resistance is involved.

Published
2020

11. Comparing governments’ efficiency at supplying income redistribution

Author

Fabio Padovano, Francesco Scervini, Gilberto Turati, Centre de recherche en économie et management (CREM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Padovano, F., Scervini, F., Turati, G., Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi Roma Tre = Roma Tre University (ROMA TRE), and Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV)

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, Sociology and Political Science, media_common.quotation_subject, Supply side, Politics, JEL: D - Microeconomics/D.D7 - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making/D.D7.D78 - Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation and Implementation, 0502 economics and business, 050602 political science & public administration, Settore SECS-P/03 - SCIENZA DELLE FINANZE, Political and economic institutions, 050207 economics, Empirical evidence, Rent-seeking, media_common, Demand side, Public economics, 05 social sciences, 1. No poverty, Institutional economics, JEL: I - Health, Education, and Welfare/I.I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty/I.I3.I38 - Government Policy • Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs, Ex ante and ex post Gini coefficients, Redistribution (cultural anthropology), [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, JEL: H - Public Economics/H.H1 - Structure and Scope of Government/H.H1.H11 - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government, 0506 political science, Philosophy, Ex ante and ex post Gini coefficient, Redistribution, 8. Economic growth, Political and economic institution, JEL: H - Public Economics/H.H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies/H.H5.H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs, Redistribution of income and wealth, Law
Abstract

International audience; We examine whether and to what extent political institutions explain different performances in income redistribution across countries. After reviewing the available data sources, the measures of income redistribution and the traditional demand side explanations of redistribution, we focus our analysis on supply side factors, like political and economic institutions, rent seeking processes and the resources and instruments available for redistribution. We provide robust empirical evidence on the association between these different factors and the observed degree of redistribution. Our analysis supports the view that-for a given demand of redistribution-political and economic institutions contribute to explain differences across countries in the observed degree of redistribution.

Published
2020

12. The role of eosinophil morphology in distinguishing between reactive eosinophilia and eosinophilia as a feature of a myeloid neoplasm

Author

Maria-Teresa Vallespi, Jean E. Goasguen, Barbara J. Bain, Clara Locher, Gina Zini, John M. Bennett, Masao Tomonaga, Richard D. Brunning, Institut Català de la Salut, [Goasguen JE] University of Rennes, Rennes, France. [Bennett JM] University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. [Bain BJ] St Mary’s Hospital Campus of Imperial College, London, UK. [Brunning R] University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. [Zini G] Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. [Vallespi MT] Department of Haematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), University of Rochester [USA], University of Minnesota [Crookston], University of Minnesota System, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Nagasaki University, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
eosinophilic leukaemia, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, BASOPHILIC GRANULES, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Leucèmia mieloide, reactive eosinophilia, Immunology, Myeloid Neoplasm, neoplasias::neoplasias por tipo histológico::leucemia::leucemia mieloide [ENFERMEDADES], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, morphology, medicine, Eosinophilia, eosinophil, In patient, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Eosinofília, International Working Group on Morphology of MDS, enfermedades hematológicas y linfáticas::enfermedades hematológicas::trastornos leucocitarios::eosinofilia [ENFERMEDADES], Science & Technology, business.industry, Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Histologic Type::Leukemia::Leukemia, Myeloid [DISEASES], Hematology, respiratory system, Eosinophil, Myeloid neoplasia, eosinophil dysplasia, Haematopoiesis, Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/pathology [Other subheadings], medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases::Hematologic Diseases::Leukocyte Disorders::Eosinophilia [DISEASES], Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, myeloid neoplasia, medicine.symptom, Myeloid leukaemia, Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/patología [Otros calificadores], business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, eosinophilia, Research Paper, 030215 immunology
Abstract

Eosinófilos; Morfología; Neoplasia mieloide Eosinòfils; Morfologia; Neoplàsia mieloide Eosinophil; Morphology; Myeloid neoplasia Morphological features of eosinophils in patients with reactive eosinophilia (28 patients) and clonal eosinophilia (26 patients) have been compared with each other and with the eosinophil characteristics of healthy volunteers (three subjects) and of patients with the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (three patients). Morphological features, assessed in isolation from other haematological abnormalities, were found to have poor specificity for a myeloid neoplasm. The most useful feature was the presence of basophilic granules in mature eosinophils, which was associated particularly with acute myeloid leukaemia with inv(16). Marked reduction in granules occurred more often in some subsets of the myeloid neoplasm group but nevertheless was lacking in specificity since it was not infrequently seen in reactive eosinophilia. Although experienced morphologists more often considered that a myeloid neoplasm was likely in patients in whom this was the diagnosis (69%), myeloid neoplasia was also considered likely in a considerable proportion (39%) of patients with reactive eosinophilia. Morphological abnormalities of eosinophils therefore cannot be assessed in isolation in seeking to make a diagnosis of a myeloid neoplasm. Morphology is, however, needed and should be integrated with the results of other investigations.

Published
2020

13. Drivers of growth in Tunisia: young firms vs incumbents

Author

Marco Vivarelli, Hassan Arouri, Adel Ben Youssef, Francesco Quatraro, National Institute of Statistics, Tunis, Tunisia, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Torino, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), and Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO)

Subjects
Young firms, GIBRATS LAW, Economics and Econometrics, Entrepreneurship, Tunisia, Gibrat's law, o12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development, INNOVATION, Developing country, Settore SECS-P/02 - POLITICA ECONOMICA, Gibrat’s law, UNITED-STATES, Context (language use), Firm's growth, AGE, Extant taxon, Firm’s growth, 0502 economics and business, KNOWLEDGE, TECHNOLOGY, 050207 economics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, ENTREPRENEURIAL FIRMS, RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT, 05 social sciences, PERFORMANCE, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, General Business, Management and Accounting, Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development, l26 - Entrepreneurship, SIZE, 8. Economic growth, Demographic economics, Business, 050203 business & management
Abstract

The aim of this paper is to investigate the growth dynamics of young small firms (in contrast with larger and older incumbents) in a developing country context, using a unique and comprehensive dataset of non-agricultural Tunisian companies. Our results suggest that significant differences between young and mature firms can be found as far as the drivers of their growth are concerned. The key finding being that-while consistently with the extant literature Gibrat's law is overall rejected-the negative impact of the initial size is significantly larger for young than mature firms. This result has interesting policy implications: since smaller young firms are particularly conducive to employment generation, they can be considered good candidate for targeted accompanying policies addressed to sustain their post-entry growth.

Published
2020

14. Patient-centered management of actinic keratosis. Results of a multi-center clinical consensus analyzing non-melanoma skin cancer patient profiles and field-treatment strategies

Author

Kai Martin Thoms, Wolfgang G. Philipp-Dormston, Maxime Battistella, Lise Boussemart, Paolo Broganelli, Alessandro Di Stefani, Universität Witten Herdecke, Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, City of Health and Science University Hospital [Turin, Italy], University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), LEO Pharma A/S, Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione 'Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli' [Rome], and Jonchère, Laurent

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Dermatology, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Patient-Centered Care, Health care, medicine, Humans, Intensive care medicine, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Actinic keratosis, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Keratosis, Actinic, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Treatment strategy, Skin cancer, business, Psychosocial, management, Dermatologists, Non melanoma, Patient centered
Abstract

International audience; Actinic keratosis (AK) is a chronic skin condition that can be a precursor to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. AK can recur and patients are likely to undergo multiple treatments. It is important that AK lesions are managed appropriately, and that patients are involved in treatment decisions. Materials and methods The Supporting Professional Expertise in AK (SPEAK) program aims to facilitate this patient-centered care by identifying patient needs and aiding healthcare practitioners (HCPs) in selecting optimal treatment and communication strategies for different types of patients. Twenty-two dermato-oncologists with established expertise in the treatment of AK collaborated to describe commonly encountered psychosocial patient profiles, and to develop respective communication and treatment strategies. Results and conclusion Six patient profiles were defined based on different psychosocial characteristics and were used to develop appropriate management approaches. We provide a systematic way of identifying these patient profiles in clinical practice and we outline communication strategies tailored to the primary needs of each type of patient. In addition, we provide recommendations for potential field-treatments that may be best suited for each profile. The recommendations provided here may help improve the communication and relationship between patients and HCPs, resulting in higher treatment adherence and improved patient outcomes.

Published
2019

15. Global patterns in genomic diversity underpinning the evolution of insecticide resistance in the aphid crop pest Myzus persicae

Author

Jean-Christophe Simon, Adam Pym, Joanna Mackisack, Alexander Hayward, Pablo Bielza, Kamel Charaabi, John Vontas, Hannah J. Burrack, Chris Bass, Ralf Nauen, Young-Nam Youn, Ilona Stepanyan, Ana Duarte, Fabrice Legeai, Gao Xiwu, Richard H. ffrench-Constant, Christoph T. Zimmer, Kumar Saurabh Singh, Bartlomiej J. Troczka, Guangwei Ren, Alex C.C. Wilson, Stéphanie Robin, Thomas C. Mathers, Christian C. Figueroa, Claudio C. Ramírez, Erick M. G. Cordeiro, Georg Jander, Martin S. Williamson, Ian Denholm, Emanuele Mazzoni, John T. Margaritopoulos, Paul A Umina, Nina V. Voronova, University of Exeter, Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz' (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), John Innes Centre [Norwich], Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Scalable, Optimized and Parallel Algorithms for Genomics (GenScale), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Technical University of Cartagena (UPTC), North Carolina State University [Raleigh] (NC State), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Université de la Manouba [Tunisie] (UMA), University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), Universidad de Talca, Boyce Thompson Institute [Ithaca], Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter (HAO Demeter), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Bayer Pharma AG [Berlin], Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia [Yerevan] (NAS RA), School of BioSciences [Melbourne], Faculty of Science [Melbourne], University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, Belarusian State University, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Agricultural University of Athens, Rothamsted Research, University of Miami [Coral Gables], China Agricultural University (CAU), Chungnam National University (CNU), This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 646625), and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) (grant number: BB/S006060/1). Illumina sequencing of clone 126 was funded by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) agreement HR0011-17-2-0053 to G.J. A.C.C.W. was supported by National Science Foundation Award IOS-1354154. A.H. is supported by a BBSRC David Phillips Fellowship (BB/N020146/1), and T.C.M. by a BBSRC Future Leaders Fellowship (BB/R01227X/1)., European Project: 646625,H2020,ERC-2014-CoG,P450RESIST(2016), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena / Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)

Subjects
Insecticides, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genome, Insect, Myzus persicae, Medicine (miscellaneous), Sequence assembly, Insect, Insecticide Resistance, RESISTÊNCIA GENÉTICA ANIMAL, 0302 clinical medicine, Host races association, Biology (General), Pyrethroid insecticides, Phylogeny, media_common, 0303 health sciences, Aphid, biology, Geography, Sodium channel, food and beverages, Genomics, Plants, Peach-potato aphid, Settore AGR/11 - ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALE E APPLICATA, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Agricultural genetics, QH301-705.5, media_common.quotation_subject, Locus (genetics), Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Evolutionary genetics, Host-Parasite Interactions, Evolution, Molecular, Hemiptera, 03 medical and health sciences, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Animals, Genetic variation, genome, 030304 developmental biology, Resistance (ecology), Base Sequence, Genetic Variation, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Evolutionary biology, Aphids, Mutation, Adaptation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diversity (politics)
Abstract

The aphid Myzus persicae is a destructive agricultural pest that displays an exceptional ability to develop resistance to both natural and synthetic insecticides. To investigate the evolution of resistance in this species we generated a chromosome-scale genome assembly and living panel of >110 fully sequenced globally sampled clonal lines. Our analyses reveal a remarkable diversity of resistance mutations segregating in global populations of M. persicae. We show that the emergence and spread of these mechanisms is influenced by host–plant associations, uncovering the widespread co‐option of a host-plant adaptation that also offers resistance against synthetic insecticides. We identify both the repeated evolution of independent resistance mutations at the same locus, and multiple instances of the evolution of novel resistance mechanisms against key insecticides. Our findings provide fundamental insights into the genomic responses of global insect populations to strong selective forces, and hold practical relevance for the control of pests and parasites., Singh, Bass and colleagues generate new genomic resources for the aphid crop pest, Myzus persicae, comprising a chromosome-scale genome assembly and resequenced genomes of >100 globally sampled clonal lines. Using this dataset, they uncover both mechanisms underpinning the evolution of insecticide resistance and ecological factors that influence its emergence and spread.

Published
2021

16. Unveiling the Complexity of Japanese Metallic Threads

Author

Cristina Corti, Laura Rampazzi, Ludovico Geminiani, Francesco Paolo Campione, Moira Luraschi, Sandro Recchia, Sila Motella, Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria, and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt)

Subjects
Archeology, Engineering, Materials Science (miscellaneous), japanese armor, 02 engineering and technology, Conservation, 01 natural sciences, kinran, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, SEM-EDX, urushi, metallic threads, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Animal glue, [SHS.ART]Humanities and Social Sciences/Art and art history, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Engineering physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Characterization (materials science), Archaeology, Settore GEO/01 - PALEONTOLOGIA E PALEOECOLOGIA, ATR-FTIR, Japanese armor, Kinran, Metallic threads, Urushi, 0210 nano-technology, business, CC1-960, Digital microscopy
Abstract

In the framework of an extensive survey campaign on a collection of Japanese samurai armors, metallic threads from different parts of the traditional equipment were studied by several analytical techniques. The collection of armors belongs to Museo delle Culture (Lugano, Switzerland) and it is composed of ten elements, which date back from the 15th to 20th century. Metallic threads under study come from six of ten elements of the collection and represent a complex and unique multimaterial, which shows specific characteristics in Japanese tradition (kinran). The multianalytical approach based on ATR-FTIR (Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy and SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-Ray) analysis, together with a careful observation with optical and digital microscopy, permitted to obtain a complete characterization of materials, which have shown a great variability in metal foils and in organic adhesives (urushi, animal glue, starch). Gold and silver turned out to be not so largely used as scholars thought, while aluminum showed a great diffusion. Within the collection of analyzed armors, the obtained results allowed us for the first time to get a complete comprehension of materials and techniques used by Japanese craftsmen, and to observe differences in the quality of the materials and in manufacture technology over the centuries.

Published
2021

17. Method comparison of indirect assessments of understory leaf area index (LAIu): A case study across the extended network of ICOS forest ecosystem sites in Europe

Author

Wei Yang, Jan Pisek, Corinna Rebmann, Jan-Peter George, Andreas Ibrom, Silvano Fares, Francisco Ramón López Serrano, Caroline Vincke, Giacomo Gerosa, Michael Heliasz, Thomas Grünwald, Holger Lange, Jean-Marc Limousin, Meelis Mölder, Bart Kruijt, Johannes Neirynck, A. Carrara, Hideki Kobayashi, Matthias Cuntz, Matthias Peichl, Kamel Soudani, Denis Loustau, Leonardo Montagnani, Marius Schmidt, Niklas Hase, Petr Lukes, Edoardo Cremonese, Riccardo Marzuoli, Tobias Biermann, Alexander Knohl, Tartu Observatory, Chiba University, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Lund University [Lund], Fundacion CEAM, Universidad de Alicante, Aosta Valley Regional Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA), SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Brescia] (Unicatt), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, ETSIAM Campus Rabanales, Universidad de Cordoba, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), This study was supported from Estonian Research Council Grant PUT1355 and Mobilitas Pluss MOBERC11. Field campaign at Brasschaat site was funded by the Transnational Access scheme of eLTER (Horizon 2020 project grant agreement no. 654359)., UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe), Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], University of Tartu, ARPA VALLE D'AOSTA SAINT CHRISTOPHE ITA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), CNR – National Research Council, Rome, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Université de Goettingen, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague, Czech Republic] (MBU / CAS), and Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Evolution, NDVI, General Decision Sciences, Understory layer, 010501 environmental sciences, Fjernmåling, Atmospheric sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Behavior and Systematics, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA, Forest ecology, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Simple ratio, ddc:630, Ecosystem, Leaf area index, Settore FIS/06 - FISICA PER IL SISTEMA TERRA E IL MEZZO CIRCUMTERRESTRE, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, QH540-549.5, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Diversity, WIMEK, Ecology, Fractional vegetation cover, Earth-monitoring satellites, Biosphere, Understory, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Remote sensing, Ecological indicator, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Water Systems and Global Change, Jordobservasjon fra satellitter, Forest background reflectivity
Abstract

Leaf area index (LAI) is a key ecological indicator for describing the structure of canopies and for modelling energy exchange between atmosphere and biosphere. While LAI of the forest overstory can be accurately assessed over large spatial scales via remote sensing, LAI of the forest understory (LAIu) is still largely ignored in ecological studies and ecosystem modelling due to the fact that it is often too complex to be destructively sampled or approximated by other site parameters. Additionally, so far only few attempts have been made to retrieve understory LAI via remote sensing, because dense canopies with high LAI are often hindering retrieval algorithms to produce meaningful estimates for understory LAI. Consequently, the forest understory still constitutes a poorly investigated research realm impeding ecological studies to properly account for its contribution to the energy absorption capacity of forest stands. This study aims to compare three conceptually different indirect retrieval methodologies for LAIu over a diverse panel of forest understory types distributed across Europe. For this we carried out near-to-surface measurements of understory reflectance spectra as well as digital surface photography over the extended network of Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) forest ecosystem sites. LAIu was assessed by exploiting the empirical relationship between vegetation cover and light absorption (Beer-Lambert- Bouguer law) as well as by utilizing proposed relationships with two prominent vegetation indices: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and simple ratio (SR). Retrievals from the three methods were significantly correlated with each other (r = 0.63–0.99, RMSE = 0.53–0.72), but exhibited also significant bias depending on the LAI scale. The NDVI based retrieval approach most likely overestimates LAI at productive sites when LAIu > 2, while the simple ratio algorithm overestimates LAIu at sites with sparse understory vegetation and presence of litter or bare soil. The purely empirical method based on the Beer-Lambert law of light absorption seems to offer a good compromise, since it provides reasonable LAIu values at both low and higher LAI ranges. Surprisingly, LAIu variation among sites seems to be largely decoupled from differences in climate and light permeability of the overstory, but significantly increased with vegetation diversity (expressed as species richness) and hence proposes new applications of LAIu in ecological modelling.

Published
2021

18. Implicit and Explicit Attitudes toward Hearing Aids: The Role of Media Language

Author

Efisio Manunta, Fabio Montermini, Maja Becker, Valeria Milano, Patrizia Steca, Roberta Adorni, Claudia Manzi, Gabriele Di Cicco, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Manzi, C, Adorni, R, Di Cicco, G, Milano, V, Manunta, E, Montermini, F, Becker, M, and Steca, P

Subjects
Linguistics and Language, Sociology and Political Science, Social Psychology, Stigma (botany), 050109 social psychology, hearing aid, brief IAT, 050105 experimental psychology, Language and Linguistics, Education, Developmental psychology, explicit attitudes, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Hearing problems, medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 10. No inequality, hearing loss, language, 05 social sciences, explicit attitude, aging, medicine.disease, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, hearing aids, implicit attitude, implicit attitudes, stigma, Anthropology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Implicit attitude, Psychology
Abstract

International audience; Despite widespread hearing problems among older adults, only a minority uses hearing aids. The stigma associated with such aids represents a key factor modulated by language. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of different forms of media communication on both implicit and explicit attitudes toward hearing aids. A preliminary analysis highlighted an over-representation of “technical” and “medical” terms in the corpus linguistic commonly used by the press. These results were used to design an online experimental study. The results suggested that the exposure to a language that includes informal words—as opposed to the technical terms commonly used by the press—favors positive implicit and explicit attitudes toward hearing aids, particularly among people who have direct contact with older adults. Overall, the use of an informal language in the press could generate a style of communication that positively influences people’s attitudes toward hearing aids.

Published
2021

19. Incidence, Predictors, and Outcome Associations of Dyskalemia in Heart Failure With Preserved, Mid-Range, and Reduced Ejection Fraction

Author

Marco Trevisan, Bertram Pitt, Gianluigi Savarese, Juan Jesus Carrero, Patrick Rossignol, Hong Xu, Ulf Dahlström, Lars H. Lund, Department of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]-Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Eastern Cereal Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), Istituto di Chimica Agraria ed Ambientale sez Chimica Vegetale, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, IMPACT GEENAGE, ANR-15-IDEX-0004,LUE,Isite LUE(2015), ANR-15-RHUS-0004,FIGHT-HF,Combattre l'insuffisance cardiaque(2015), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, CIC-Nancy, Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu [Nancy]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), ANR-15-IDEX-04-LUE,LUE,Lorraine Université d'Excellence(2016), and ANR: ANR-15-RHU-0004,Programme Investissement d'Avenir ANR-15-RHU-0004

Subjects
Male, Hyperkalemia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], heart failure, Comorbidity, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Severity of Illness Index, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Cause of Death, Medicine, Renal Insufficiency, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, 80 and over, Ejection fraction, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Anemia, Middle Aged, dyskalemia, preserved ejection fraction, Hypokalemia, 3. Good health, Hospitalization, mid-range ejection fraction, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Female, reduced ejection fraction, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Glomerular Filtration Rate, medicine.medical_specialty, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Internal medicine, hypokalemia, Humans, Mortality, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Sweden, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Stroke Volume, hyperkalemia, medicine.disease, SwedeHF, Heart failure, SCREAM, business, Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVES:This study investigated 1-year incidence and predictors of dyskalemia (dysK) and its outcome associations in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), HF with mid-range EF (HFmrEF), and HF with reduced EF (HFrEF).BACKGROUND:DysK in real-world HF is insufficiently characterized. Fear of dyskalemia may lead to underuse or underdosing of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors.METHODS:Patients enrolled in the SwedeHF (Swedish Heart Failure) Registry from 2006 to 2011 in Stockholm, Sweden were included in the analyses. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified independent predictors of dysK within 1 year. Time-dependent Cox models assessed outcomes associated with incident dysK (all-cause death, HF, and other cardiovascular disease [CVD] hospitalizations) within 1 year from baseline.RESULTS:Of 5,848 patients, 24.4% experienced hyperkalemia (hyperK [K >5.0 mmol/l]) at least once, and 10.2% had moderate or severe hyperK (K >5.5 mmol/l). Adjusted risk of moderate or severe hyperK was highest in HFpEF and HFmrEF. Similarly, 20.3% of patients had at least one episode of hypokalemia (hypoK [

Published
2019

20. Risk-benefit in food safety and nutrition - outcome of the 2019 Parma Summer School

Author

Sofie Theresa Thomsen, Stefano Lorenzetti, Morten Poulsen, Andreas Kouroumalis, Hans Verhagen, Ricardo Assunção, Véronique Sirot, Maarten Nauta, Marco Trevisan, Alfonso Siani, Jeljer Hoekstra, Giulia Spaggiari, Josep Rubert, Alberto Mantovani, Hanna Eneroth, Pietro Cozzini, Stylianos Koulouris, Cristina Alonso-Andicoberry, Davide Menozzi, Francesca Cavaliere, University of Ulster, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Instituto Nacional de Saùde Dr Ricardo Jorge [Portugal] (INSA), Centro de Estudos do Ambiante e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Swedish Food Agency, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), European Medicines Agency [Amsterdam, Pays-Bas] (EMA), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento (CIBIO), University of Trento [Trento], Facultat de Fisica [València] (UV), Universitat de València (UV), Institute of Food Sciences of National Research Council [Avellino] (ISA-CNR), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt)

Subjects
Risk analysis, Food Safety, MESH: Schools, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Risk-Benefit, As is, Nutritional Status, EFSA, MESH: Food Safety, MESH: Risk Assessment, Outcome (game theory), Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Risks and benefits, Settore CHIM/10 - CHIMICA DEGLI ALIMENTI, Nutrition, 0303 health sciences, Schools, business.industry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Tiered approach, Food safety, MESH: Nutritional Status, 040401 food science, Composição dos Alimentos, Segurança Alimentar, Risk analysis (engineering), Food, Parma Summer School, Avaliação do Risco, Psychology, business, Risk assessment, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Common currency, MESH: Food, Food Science
Abstract

Risk-benefit assessment is the comparison of the risk of a situation to its related benefits, i.e. a comparison of scenarios estimating the overall health impact. The risk–benefit analysis paradigm mirrors the classical risk analysis one: risk–benefit assessment goes hand-in-hand with risk–benefit management and risk–benefit communication. The various health effects associated with food consumption, together with the increasing demand for advice on healthy and safe diets, have led to the development of different research disciplines in food safety and nutrition. In this sense, there is a clear need for a holistic approach, including and comparing all of the relevant health risks and benefits. The risk–benefit assessment of foods is a valuable approach to estimate the overall impact of food on health. It aims to assess together the negative and positive health effects associated with food intake by integrating chemical and microbiological risk assessment with risk and benefit assessment in food safety and nutrition. The 2019 Parma Summer School on risk–benefit in food safety and nutrition had the objective was to provide an opportunity to learn from experts in the field of risk–benefit approach in food safety and nutrition, including theory, case studies, and communication of risk–benefit assessments plus identify challenges for the future. It was evident that whereas tools and approaches have been developed, more and more case studies have been performed which can form an inherent validation of the risk–benefit approach. Executed risk–benefit assessment case studies apply the steps and characteristics developed: a problem formulation (with at least 2 scenarios), a tiered approach until a decision can be made, one common currency to describe both beneficial and adverse effects (DALYs in most instances). It was concluded that risk–benefit assessment in food safety and nutrition is gaining more and more momentum, while also many challenges remain for the future. Risk-benefit is on the verge of really enrolling into the risk assessment and risk analysis paradigm. The interaction between risk–benefit assessors and risk–benefit managers is pivotal in this, as is the interaction with risk–benefit communicators. Highlights: - Risk-benefit assessment goes hand-in-hand with RB-management and RB-communication; - Holistic approach in food safety and nutrition, comparing health risks and benefits; - Risk-benefit assessment estimates the overall impact of food on health; - Risk-benefit characteristics: problem formulation, tiered approach, common currency. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2021

21. An agent-based model of intra-day financial markets dynamics

Author

Jacopo Staccioli, Mauro Napoletano, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion (GREDEG), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) (OFCE), Sciences Po (Sciences Po), SKEMA Business School, HCC, European Project: 640772,H2020,H2020-FETPROACT-2014,DOLFINS(2015), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (OFCE)

Subjects
Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Economics and Econometrics, Market microstructure, Settore SECS-P/02 - POLITICA ECONOMICA, Settore SECS-P/06 - ECONOMIA APPLICATA, Settore SECS-P/01 - ECONOMIA POLITICA, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 0502 economics and business, Intra-day financial dynamics, Economics, Econometrics, Stylised facts, High-Frequency Trading, 050207 economics, High-frequency trading, Cluster analysis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Agent-based model, Volatility clustering, 050208 finance, 05 social sciences, Financial market, Rational agent, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Agent-based artificial stock markets, Volatility (finance)
Abstract

We develop an agent-based model of a financial market which is able to jointly reproduce many of the stylised facts at different time scales. These include properties related to returns (leptokurtosis, absence of linear autocorrelation, volatility clustering), trading volumes (volume clustering, correlation between volume and volatility), and timing of trades (number of price changes, autocorrelation of durations between subsequent trades, heavy tails in their distribution, order-side clustering). Our model combines heterogeneous boundedly rational agents, endogenously activating on the basis of market events, with realistic assumptions on market microstructure. In particular, we introduce a strict event scheduling borrowed from the Euronext exchange. We study the model in a bottom-up fashion under alternative scenarios regarding the sophistication of agents’ strategies. These scenarios allow us to disentangle the role of microstructure characteristics from trading behaviour in the emergence of market statistical properties. Our results reveal that traders’ endogenous activation is crucial to jointly reproduce most of these properties. The ability of the model to replicate the main stylised facts of financial markets proves that it can be fruitfully used by policymakers as a test-bed for regulatory experiments aimed at improving market outcomes at different time-scales.

Published
2021

22. VarGoats project : a dataset of 1159 whole-genome sequences to dissect Capra hircus global diversity

Author

Denoyelle, L., Talouarn, E., Bardou, P., Colli, L., Alberti, A., Danchin, C., Del Corvo, M., Engelen, S., Orvain, C., Palhiere, I., Rupp, R., Sarry, J., Salavati, M., Amills, M., Clark, E., Crepaldi, P., Faraut, T., Masiga, C. W., Pompanon, F., Rosen, B. D., Stella, A., Van Tassell, C. P., Tosser-Klopp, G., Kijas, J., Guldbrandtsen, B., Kantanen, J., Duby, D., Martin, P., Duclos, D., Allain, D., Arquet, R., Mandonnet, N., Naves, M., Carolan, S., Foran, M., Crisa, A., Marletta, D., Ottino, M., Randi, E., Benjelloun, B., Lenstra, H., Moaeen-ud-Din, M., Reecy, J., Goyache, F., Alvarez, I., Capote, J., Jordana, J., Pons, A., Martinez, A., Molina, A., Rosen, B., Drogemuller, C., Luikart, G., Mruttu, H. A., Gondwe, T., Sikosana, J., Taela, M. D. G., Nash, O., Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Région Occitanie / Pyrénées-Méditerranée, Ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (France), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Department for International Development (UK), Center for Tropical Studies and Conservation (US), University of Edinburgh, Scottish Government's Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Système d'Information des GENomes des Animaux d'Elevage (SIGENAE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), The Roslin Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health [Edimburgh] (CTLGH), Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Tropical Institute of Development Innovations (TRIDI), USDA Agricultural Research Service [Beltsville, Maryland], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Milano] (CNR), CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), Unité de Recherches Zootechniques (URZ), APIS-GENE, Occitanie region, Ministere de l'Enseignement superieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), CGIAR:OPP1127286, ACTIVEGOAT & CAPRISNP projects, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) : BBS/OS/GC/000012F, ANR-10-INBS-0009,France-Génomique,Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique(2010), ANR-11-INBS-0003,CRB-Anim,Réseau de Centres de Ressources Biologiques pour les animaux domestiques(2011), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), University of Milan, and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)

Subjects
[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Short Communication, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, 610 Medicine & health, Biology, QH426-470, Genome, SF1-1100, Domestication, Animals, Domestication, Genetic Variation, Genomics, Goats, Genome, Genome-Wide Association Study, 03 medical and health sciences, Capra hircus, Genetics, Animals, Indel, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Settore AGR/17 - ZOOTECNICA GENERALE E MIGLIORAMENTO GENETICO, 630 Agriculture, Goats, 0402 animal and dairy science, Genetic Variation, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Genomics, 15. Life on land, 040201 dairy & animal science, Animal culture, Evolutionary biology, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology), Animal Science and Zoology, Reference genome, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

[Background]: Since their domestication 10,500 years ago, goat populations with distinctive genetic backgrounds have adapted to a broad variety of environments and breeding conditions. The VarGoats project is an international 1000-genome resequencing program designed to understand the consequences of domestication and breeding on the genetic diversity of domestic goats and to elucidate how speciation and hybridization have modeled the genomes of a set of species representative of the genus Capra., [Findings]: A dataset comprising 652 sequenced goats and 507 public goat sequences, including 35 animals representing eight wild species, has been collected worldwide. We identified 74,274,427 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 13,607,850 insertion-deletions (InDels) by aligning these sequences to the latest version of the goat reference genome (ARS1). A Neighbor-joining tree based on Reynolds genetic distances showed that goats from Africa, Asia and Europe tend to group into independent clusters. Because goat breeds from Oceania and Caribbean (Creole) all derive from imported animals, they are distributed along the tree according to their ancestral geographic origin., [Conclusions]: We report on an unprecedented international effort to characterize the genome-wide diversity of domestic goats. This large range of sequenced individuals represents a unique opportunity to ascertain how the demographic and selection processes associated with post-domestication history have shaped the diversity of this species. Data generated for the project will also be extremely useful to identify deleterious mutations and polymorphisms with causal effects on complex traits, and thus will contribute to new knowledge that could be used in genomic prediction and genome-wide association studies., We are grateful to France Génomique “Call for high impact projects” (ANR‐10‐INBS‐09‐08) for selecting our project and providing us the resources to sequence 400 goats. We would like to mention that APIS-GENE funded some WGS sequences through ACTIVEGOAT & CAPRISNP projects. We thank the Occitanie region and the Animal Genetics Division of the French National Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE-GA) for financing the PhD of ET. We thank the Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation for financing LD. We thank André Eggen (Illumina) for providing chips to genotype 192 animals. We thank the Animal Genetics Division of the French National Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE-GA) for funding VarGoats2 grant, which allowed DNA extraction and genotyping of 384 animals and CRB-Anim, Grant Agreement ANR-11-INBS-0003, (https://crb-anim.fr/) for funding French local breeds sampling. We thank the Italian Goat and Sheep Breeders Association (AssoNaPa) for supporting in sampling. Whole-genome sequencing libraries for the African goats were prepared and sequenced by Edinburgh Genomics and funded via Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council research grant (BBS/OS/GC/000012F) ‘Reference genome and population sequencing of African goats’ awarded to The Roslin Institute. USDA-ARS with funding from USAID funded the collection of samples from Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. EC and MS were partially supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and with UK aid from the UK Government’s Department for International Development (Grant Agreement OPP1127286) under the auspices of the Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), established jointly by the University of Edinburgh, SRUC (Scotland’s Rural College), and the International Livestock Research Institute. The findings and conclusions contained within are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect positions or policies of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation nor the UK Government.

Published
2021

23. Psychometric properties of measures of sociocultural influence and internalization of appearance ideals across eight countries

Author

Antonio Granero-Gallegos, Marie Eve Blackburns, Jacinthe Dion, Marita P. McCabe, Álvaro Sicilia, Marie L. Caltabiano, Esben Strodl, Christophe Maïano, Naomi Hayami-Chisuwa, Rachel F. Rodgers, Catherine Begin, S Gullo, Giada Pietrabissa, Qiqiang He, David Mellor, Gianluca Castelnuovo, Charlotte H. Markey, Manuel Alcaraz-Ibáñez, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Gianmauro Manzoni, Gianluca Lo Coco, Michel Probst, Annie Aimé, Deakin University [Burwood], Department of Psychology, University of Colorado [Boulder], James Cook University (JCU), Osaka City University (OCU), School of Psychology and Counselling [QUT], Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Rodgers, Rachel F, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew, Markey, Charlotte, Granero-Gallegos, Antonio, Sicilia, Alvaro, Caltabiano, Marie, Blackburns, Marie-Eve, Hayami-Chisuwa, Naomi, Strodl, Esben, Aimé, Annie, Dion, Jacinthe, Lo Coco, Gianluca, Gullo, Salvatore, McCabe, Marita, Mellor, David, Castelnuovo, Gianluca, Probst, Michel, Manzoni, Gianmauro, Begin, Catherine, Pietrabissa, Giada, Alcaraz-Ibánez, Manuel, He, Qiqiang, and Maïano, Christophe

Subjects
Adult, Male, 050103 clinical psychology, Canada, China, Social Psychology, Adolescent, Psychometrics, media_common.quotation_subject, Mothers, 050109 social psychology, Settore M-PSI/08 - PSICOLOGIA CLINICA, Peer Group, Developmental psychology, Body Mass Index, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Young Adult, Sex Factors, Belgium, Japan, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 10. No inequality, Sociocultural evolution, Internalization, Group level, Socioeconomic status, General Psychology, Applied Psychology, media_common, Ideal (set theory), 05 social sciences, Body Weight, Age Factors, Australia, United States, Sociocultural influence, Body image, Italy, Spain, Female, Psychology, Body mass index, Pressures
Abstract

The aim of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of two well-established measures of sociocultural influence and internalization of the thin/low body fat ideal and muscular ideal. Data from 6272 emerging adults (68.9 % female), aged 18-30 years from Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Italy, Japan, Spain, and the U.S. were included in this study. Participants completed measures of pressure from mother, fathers, peers, and media, to both increase muscles and lose weight, as well as internalization of the thin/low body fat ideal and muscular ideal. Overall, support for partial invariance was found across the scales. In addition, group level differences were found between countries as well as along demographic factors including gender, age, body mass index, and socioeconomic status. These findings make an important contribution by identifying these scales as useful tools that will support future cross-country and cross-cultural examinations of explanatory models of the development of body image and eating concerns grounded within sociocultural theories.

Published
2020

24. Optical and mechanical properties of streptavidin-conjugated gold nanospheres through data mining techniques

Author

Gabriele Ferrini, Claudio Giannetti, Giada Bianchetti, Simone Peli, Francesco Banfi, Francesco Rossella, Pasqualantonio Pingue, Andrea Ronchi, Marcella Chiari, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Brescia] (Unicatt), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Fondazione 'Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli' [Rome], Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (SNS), Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), FemtoNanoOptics (FemtoNanoOptics), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon

Subjects
Streptavidin, DYNAMICS, spectroscopy, pump probe spectroscopy, Science, Nanotechnology, RELAXATION, 02 engineering and technology, Conjugated system, METAL NANOPARTICLES, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Settore FIS/03 - FISICA DELLA MATERIA, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Microscopy, EXCITATION, PARTICLES, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Spectroscopy, chemistry.chemical_classification, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Multidisciplinary, nanospheres, drug delivery applications, Near-infrared spectroscopy, Polymer, Photothermal therapy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, gold nanospheres, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, thermo-mechanical properties, NANOCRYSTALS, chemistry, Drug delivery, Medicine, AU, 0210 nano-technology, unsupervised learning techniques
Abstract

The thermo-mechanical properties of streptavidin-conjugated gold nanospheres, adhered to a surface via complex molecular chains, are investigated by two-color infrared asynchronous optical sampling pump-probe spectroscopy. Nanospheres with different surface densities have been deposited and exposed to a plasma treatment to modify their polymer binding chains. The aim is to monitor their optical response in complex chemical environments that may be experienced in, e.g., photothermal therapy or drug delivery applications. By applying unsupervised learning techniques to the spectroscopic traces, we identify their thermo-mechanical response variation. This variation discriminates nanospheres in different chemical environments or different surface densities. Such discrimination is not evident based on a standard analysis of the spectroscopic traces. This kind of analysis is important, given the widespread application of conjugated gold nanospheres in medicine and biology.

Published
2020

25. Home-based shared book reading interventions and children’s language skills: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Author

Carlo Barone, Giulia Assirelli, Emilio Chambuleyron, Reka Vonnak, Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) (OSC), Sciences Po (Sciences Po)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Glasgow, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), and Observatoire sociologique du changement (OSC)

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, education, Psychological intervention, literacy, Literacy, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, 030225 pediatrics, Intervention (counseling), Socioeconomic status, media_common, childhood, Medical education, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, social inequalities, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, Language acquisition, Home based, Meta-analysis, Psychology, 0503 education, randomised controlled trial
Abstract

Over the past 2 decades, a growing number of randomised controlled trials have assessed the impact on children’s language skills of interventions encouraging parents to read books to their offspring. We present the results of a meta-analysis of the impact of 30 such interventions. Results indicate that they are often ineffective, and that only one specific methodology (dialogic reading) displays systematically positive impacts. Moreover, effective interventions display weaker impacts on low-socioeconomic groups, thus raising equity issues. Our systematic analysis of the research designs of these studies points at three major weaknesses. First, only short-term outcomes are measured, and, even within such a narrow time window, we find indications that treatment impacts fade out. A second limitation concerns the limited range of outcomes measured (receptive or expressive vocabulary). Finally, these studies display low external validity (ad hoc sampling, small sample sizes, lack of multi-site experiments, scant evidence outside Anglo-Saxon countries).

Published
2020

26. Association of baseline white blood cell counts with tuberculosis treatment outcome: a prospective multicentered cohort study

Author

Mohamad Bachar Ismail, Crisca Razafimahatratra, Jean-Luc Berland, Mohammad Khaja Mafij Uddin, Monzer Hamze, Niaina Rakotosamimanana, Nestani Tukvadze, Florence Ader, Samanta Biswas, Chyntia Carolina Díaz Acosta, Rossana Arenas, Jonathan Hoffmann, Sayera Banu, Rim Bayaa, Delia Goletti, Giovanni Delogu, Carole Chedid, Perlinot Herindrainy, Eka Kokhreidze, Graciela Russomando, Paulo Ranaivomanana, Hubert P. Endtz, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondation Mérieux, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (IICS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Hospital de Clinicas, San Lorenzo, Paraguay, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CCSD, Accord Elsevier, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Multivariate analysis, Leukocytosis, Lymphocyte, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Monocytes, Cohort Studies, Leukocyte Count, 0302 clinical medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Lymphocytes, Prospective Studies, Treatment Failure, Lebanon, Prospective cohort study, Cause of death, Bangladesh, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Medicine, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, White blood cells, Female, Cohort study, Microbiology (medical), Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Georgia, 030106 microbiology, Sputum culture, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Treatment monitoring, Internal medicine, White blood cell, Lymphopenia, medicine, Madagascar, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, business.industry, Sputum, medicine.disease, Multi-drug resistance, Immunomonitoring, Paraguay, business
Abstract

International audience; Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious cause of death in the world. Cheaper and more accessible TB treatment monitoring methods are needed. Here, we evaluated white blood cell (WBC) absolute counts, lymphocyte, and monocyte proportions during TB treatment, and characterized their association with treatment failure.Methods: This multicentered prospective cohort study was based in Bangladesh, Georgia, Lebanon, Madagascar, and Paraguay. Adult, non-immunocompromised patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary TB were included and followed up after two months of treatment and at the end of therapy. Blood counts were compared to treatment outcome using descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses.Results: Between December 2017 and August 2020, 198 participants were enrolled, and 152 completed treatment, including 28 (18.5%) drug-resistant patients. The rate of cure at the end of treatment was 90.8% (138/152). WBC absolute counts decreased, and lymphocyte proportions increased throughout treatment. In multivariate analyses, baseline high WBC counts and low lymphocyte proportions were associated with positive sputum culture results at the end of treatment (WBC > 11,450 cells/mm3: p = 0.048; lymphocytes 11,450 cells/mm3 and lymphocytes

Published
2020

27. Consideration of latent infections improves the prediction of Botrytis bunch rot severity in vineyards

Author

Vittorio Rossi, Giorgia Fedele, Ana María Díez-Navajas, Elisa González-Domínguez, Laurent Delière, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Horta Srl, Santé et agroécologie du vignoble (UMR SAVE), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario [Derio] (NEIKER)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Vine, Farms, food.ingredient, Plant Science, Infections, 01 natural sciences, Vineyard, Botrytis cinerea, food, Disease severity, Validation, Humans, Vitis, Plant Diseases, Botrytis, biology, biology.organism_classification, 010602 entomology, Horticulture, Italy, Spain, Weather data, Latency, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Mechanistic model, France, Settore AGR/12 - PATOLOGIA VEGETALE, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The current study validated a mechanistic model for Botrytis cinerea on grapevine with data from 23 independent Botrytis bunch rot (BBR) epidemics (combinations of vineyards × year) that occurred between 1997 and 2018 in Italy, France, and Spain. The model was operated for each vineyard by using weather data and vine growth stages to anticipate, at any day of the vine-growing season, the disease severity (DS) at harvest (severe, DS $ 15%; intermediate, 5 < DS < 15%; and mild, DS # 5%). To determine the ability of the model to account for latent infections, postharvest incubation assays were also conducted using mature berries without symptoms or signs of BBR. The model correctly classified the severity of 15 of 23 epidemics (65% of epidemics) when the classification was based on field assessments of BBR severity; when the model was operated to include BBR severity after incubation assays, its ability to correctly predict BBR severity increased from 65% to >87%. This result showed that the model correctly accounts for latent infections, which is important because latent infections can substantially increase DS. The model was sensitive and specific, with the false-positive and false-negative proportion of model predictions equal to 0.24 and 0, respectively. Therefore, the model may be considered a reliable tool for decision-making for BBR control in vineyards. © 2020 The American Phytopathological Society &nbsp

Published
2020

28. Soybean aphid biotype 1 genome: Insights into the invasive biology and adaptive evolution of a major agricultural pest

Author

Nick Miller, Richard Hall, Jose A.P. Marcelino, Chiun-Cheng Ko, Deirdre Prischmann-Voldseth, Michela Panini, Ravi Kiran Donthu, Giulia Melchiori, Christina D. DiFonzo, Minh Nguyen, Everett Weber, Curt B. Hill, Brian W. Diers, Anthony Bretaudeau, Alejandra Flores, George E. Heimpel, Toni Gabaldon, John F. Tooker, Jonathan H. Badger, Andrew Aschwanden, Ana Micijevic, Anitha Chirumamilla, Tugrul Giray, Peter Desborough, Rosanna Giordano, Massimo Pessino, Brad S. Coates, Fabrice Legeai, Janet Knodel, David J. Voegtlin, Matthew E. O'Neal, Manuella van Munster, Bruce D Potter, Glen L. Hartman, Christopher J. Fields, Doris Lagos-Kutz, Brian A. Nault, Joon-Ho Lee, Hojun Song, Giuseppe E. Massimino Cocuzza, Aleksey V. Zimin, Felipe N. Soto-Adames, Olga Chiesa, Hugh M. Robertson, Genevieve Labrie, Sijun Liu, Arian Avalos, Eileen Cullen, Bryony C. Bonning, Seunghwan Lee, Mauro Mandrioli, Emanuele Mazzoni, Mark Band, Yongping Huanga, Irene Consuelo Julca Chavez, Kelley J. Tilmon, Kongming Wu, Theresa K. Herman, Lawrence Hon, Andi Nasuddin, Tatsiana Akraiko, Gian Carlo Manicardi, Shuai Zhan, Puerto Rico Science, Know Your Bee Inc, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG-UPF), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute for Research in Biomedicine [Barcelona, Spain] (IRB), University of Barcelona-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Plant Health Institute of Montpellier (UMR PHIM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Color Genomics, Pacific Biosciences [Menlo Park], Pacific Biosciences of California, National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Southwest Research and Outreach Center [Lamberton], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, University of Puerto Rico (UPR), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Agricen Sciences, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Piacenza e Cremona] (Unicatt), North Dakota State University (NDSU), Iowa State University (ISU), University of Catania [Italy], University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries (NSW DPI), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, University of Minnesota [Morris], University of Minnesota System, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Centre de Recherche sur les Grains [Québec] (CEROM), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), University of Haifa [Haifa], Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), South Dakota State University (SDSTATE), Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Hasanuddin University (Unhas), Cornell AgriTech, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences [Cornell University] (CALS), Cornell University [New York]-Cornell University [New York], Department of Entomology [CALS], Texas A&M University [College Station], Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), United Soybean Board, Agricultural Research Service, 432114, Integrated Management of Soybean Pathogens and Pests, 2018-67015-28199, USDA NIFA, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Scalable, Optimized and Parallel Algorithms for Genomics (GenScale), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, and Cornell University [New York]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Pesticide resistance, Population genetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genome, Insect, Adaptation, Biological, Zoology, SNP, Phylome, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, Animals, Polymorphism, Adaptation, Soybean aphid, Biotype 1, Molecular Biology, Rhamnus cathartica, Aphid, Alleles, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Ecotype, 0303 health sciences, Genome, biology, food and beverages, Aphididae, Single Nucleotide, Biological, biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, Hemiptera, United States, 010602 entomology, Settore AGR/11 - ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALE E APPLICATA, Aphids, Insect Science, PEST analysis, Aphis glycines, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Introduced Species, Insect
Abstract

International audience; The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a serious pest of the soybean plant, Glycine max, a major world-wide agricultural crop. We assembled a de novo genome sequence of Ap. glycines Biotype 1, from a culture established shortly after this species invaded North America. 20.4% of the Ap. glycines proteome is duplicated. These in-paralogs are enriched with Gene Ontology (GO) categories mostly related to apoptosis, a possible adaptation to plant chemistry and other environmental stressors. Approximately one-third of these genes show parallel duplication in other aphids. But Ap. gossypii, its closest related species, has the lowest number of these duplicated genes. An Illumina GoldenGate assay of 2380 SNPs was used to determine the world-wide population structure of Ap. Glycines. China and South Korean aphids are the closest to those in North America. China is the likely origin of other Asian aphid populations. The most distantly related aphids to those in North America are from Australia. The diversity of Ap. glycines in North America has decreased over time since its arrival. The genetic diversity of Ap. glycines North American population sampled shortly after its first detection in 2001 up to 2012 does not appear to correlate with geography. However, aphids collected on soybean Rag experimental varieties in Minnesota (MN), Iowa (IA), and Wisconsin (WI), closer to high density Rhamnus cathartica stands, appear to have higher capacity to colonize resistant soybean plants than aphids sampled in Ohio (OH), North Dakota (ND), and South Dakota (SD). Samples from the former states have SNP alleles with high FST values and frequencies, that overlap with genes involved in iron metabolism, a crucial metabolic pathway that may be affected by the Rag-associated soybean plant response. The Ap. glycines Biotype 1 genome will provide needed information for future analyses of mechanisms of aphid virulence and pesticide resistance as well as facilitate comparative analyses between aphids with differing natural history and host plant range.

Published
2020

29. « Scolpitele nel vostro cuore ». Primo Levi a cento anni dalla sua nascita, Rome, Edizioni Ensemble (Coll.« Galathea »)

Author

Antonietta, Maria, Rigo, Paolo, Toppan, Laura, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Littératures, Imaginaire, Sociétés (LIS), and Université de Lorraine (UL)

Subjects
[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

30. Landscape of in vivo Fitness-Associated Genes of Enterobacter cloacae Complex

Author

François Guérin, Claire Lallement, Benoit Goudergues, Christophe Isnard, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Margherita Cacaci, Riccardo Torelli, Vincent Cattoir, Jean-Christophe Giard, Unité de Recherche Risques Microbiens (U2RM), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Jonchère, Laurent, and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Transposable element, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hypothetical protein, Mutant, lcsh:QR1-502, Virulence, E. cloacae, Biology, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, pathogenicity, Gene, Pathogen, Original Research, 030304 developmental biology, Type VI secretion system, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, Tn-seq, fitness, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], virulence, Dehydratase
Abstract

Species of the Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) represent an increasing cause of hospital-acquired infections and commonly exhibit multiple antibiotic resistances. In order to identify genes that may play a role in its ability to colonize the host, we used the transposon-sequencing (Tn-seq) approach. To this end, a high-density random transposon insertion library was obtained from E. cloacae subsp. cloacae ATCC 13047, which was used to analyze the fitness of ca. 300,000 mutants in Galleria mellonella colonization model. Following massively parallel sequencing, we identified 624 genes that seemed essential for the optimal growth and/or the fitness within the host. Moreover, 63 genes where mutations resulted in positive selection were found, while 576 genes potentially involved in the in vivo fitness were observed. These findings pointed out the role of some transcriptional regulators, type VI secretion system, and surface-associated proteins in the in vivo fitness of E. cloacae ATCC 13047. We then selected eight genes based on their high positive or negative fold changes (FCs) and tested the corresponding deletion mutants for their virulence and ability to cope with stresses. Thereby, we showed that ECL_02247 (encoding the NAD-dependent epimerase/dehydratase) and ECL_04444 (coding for a surface antigen-like protein) may correspond to new virulence factors, and that the regulator ECL_00056 was involved in in vivo fitness. In addition, bacterial cells lacking the flagellum-specific ATP synthase FliI (ECL_03223) and the hypothetical protein ECL_01421 were affected for mobility and resistance to H2O2, respectively. All these results yield valuable information regarding genes important for infection process and stress response of E. cloacae ATCC 13047 and participate to a better understanding of the opportunistic traits in this bacterial pathogen.

Published
2020

31. Financial constraints and public funding of eco-innovation: empirical evidence from European SMEs

Author

Grazia Cecere, Nicoletta Corrocher, Maria Luisa Mancusi, Département Droit, Economie et Finances (DEFI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Ecole de Management (TEM)-Institut Mines-Télécom Business School (IMT-BS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire en Innovation, Technologies, Economie et Management (EA 7363) (LITEM), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut Mines-Télécom Business School (IMT-BS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Center for Research on Innovation, Organization and Strategy (University of Bocconi) (CRIOS), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), LITEM-IMO, Département Droit, Economie et Finances (IMT-BS - DEFI), and Télécom Ecole de Management (TEM)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Business School (IMT-BS)

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, Entrepreneurship, Exploit, L26, Psychological intervention, Settore SECS-P/02 - POLITICA ECONOMICA, Settore SECS-P/06 - ECONOMIA APPLICATA, Sample (statistics), SMEs, Settore SECS-P/01 - ECONOMIA POLITICA, Eco-innovations, Financial constraints, G38, O31, Public funding, Q55, 0502 economics and business, Eco-innovation, 050207 economics, Empirical evidence, Finance, Fund of funds, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Global assets under management, General Business, Management and Accounting, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Business, 050203 business & management
Abstract

CNRS 2, FNEGE 2, HCERES A; International audience; Financial constraints have an important impact on the development of eco-innovations but their effect varies according to the type of funding. This article studies the interaction between public funding on the one hand, and internal and external lack of funding on the other. The empirical analysis is based on a sample of European small- and medium-sized enterprises, and exploits information on firms’ involvement in eco-innovation activities, their drivers, and obstacles. Our results show that, even accounting for demand-pull effects and regulatory interventions, access to public funds and fiscal incentives is effective for improving the firm’s ability to introduce eco-innovations, particularly if the company has ample funds from either internal or external sources. Our findings suggest also that public funding is perceived by firms as complementary to other external finance.

Published
2020

32. Safety evaluation of the food enzyme α‐amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain BANSC

Author

EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP), Vittorio Silano, José Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Rivière, Inger‐Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Boet Glandorf, Lieve Herman, Magdalena Andryszkiewicz, Davide Arcella, Ana Gomes, Yi Liu, Andrew Chesson, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Istituto di Microbiologia, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), and Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)

Subjects
1,4‐α‐d‐glucan glucanohydrolase, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 040301 veterinary sciences, Starch, Veterinary (miscellaneous), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Allergic sensitisation, TP1-1185, Plant Science, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, EC 3.2.1.1, 4‐α‐d‐glucan glucanohydrolase, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, Hydrolysate, 0403 veterinary science, chemistry.chemical_compound, α‐amylase, TX341-641, Amylase, Food science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Strain (chemistry), Nutrition. Foods and food supply, business.industry, Chemical technology, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, food enzyme, Enzyme, chemistry, biology.protein, Brewing, Animal Science and Zoology, Parasitology, business, Food Science
Abstract

The food enzyme α‐amylase (4‐α‐d‐glucan glucanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.1) is produced with the non‐genetically modified B. amyloliquefaciens strain BANSC by Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd. The α‐amylase is intended to be used in brewing and baking processes and in starch processing for glucose syrups production and other starch hydrolysates. Since residual amounts of the food enzyme are removed during the starch processing for glucose syrups production, it is excluded from the dietary exposure estimation. Based on the maximum recommended use levels for brewing and baking processes, and individual data from the EFSA Comprehensive European Food Database, dietary exposure to the food enzyme–Total Organic Solids (TOS) was estimated to be up to 0.468 mg TOS/kg body weight (bw) per day. The parental strain meets the required qualifications to be considered as a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) organism and is therefore presumed to be safe. The conclusions on safety of the food enzyme are made following the QPS approach in relation to the production strain, with additional consideration of the conditions of manufacture. Consequently, the Panel considers no toxicological studies other than assessment of allergenicity necessary. Similarity of the amino acid sequence to those of known allergens was searched and one match was found. The Panel considered that, under the intended conditions of use, the risk of allergic sensitisation and elicitation reactions upon dietary exposure to this food enzyme cannot be excluded, but the likelihood is considered low. Based on the QPS status of the production strain and the data provided, the Panel concluded that this food enzyme does not give rise to safety concerns under the intended conditions of use.

Published
2020

33. Safety evaluation of the food enzyme β‐galactosidase from the genetically modified Escherichia coli NCIMB 30325

Author

EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP), Vittorio Silano, José Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Rivière, Inger‐Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Boet Glandorf, Lieve Herman, Magdalena Andryszkiewicz, Ana Gomes, Natália Kovalkovičová, Yi Liu, Sandra Rainieri, Claudia Roncancio Peña, Andrew Chesson, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Istituto di Microbiologia, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), and Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)

Subjects
EC 3.2.1.23, 040301 veterinary sciences, Veterinary (miscellaneous), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, TP1-1185, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, 0403 veterinary science, medicine, Escherichia coli, TX341-641, genetically modified microorganism, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, β‐galactosidase, Chemistry, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Chemical technology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, food enzyme, Genetically modified organism, Enzyme, Biochemistry, Animal Science and Zoology, Parasitology, β‐D‐galactoside galactohydrolase, Food Science
Abstract

The food enzyme is a β‐galactosidase (β‐D‐galactoside galactohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.23) produced with the genetically modified Escherichia coli strain NCIMB 30325 by Clasado Ingredients Ltd. The β‐galactosidase encoding gene is introduced into the recipient strain of E. coli using a self‐replicating plasmid which also contains a gene, which confers resistance to an antibiotic listed as a critically important antimicrobial. This gene was detected in the food enzyme. The absence of viable cells of the production strain in the food enzyme was not demonstrated. The food enzyme is intended to be used only for the production of a mixture of galacto‐oligosaccharides (GOS). Genotoxicity tests did not raise a safety concern. Subchronic toxicity was assessed by means of a repeated dose 90‐day oral toxicity study in rats. The Panel identified a no observed adverse effect level at the highest dose tested of 900 mg total organic solids (TOS)/kg body weight (bw) per day. Similarity of the amino acid sequence to those of known allergens was searched and no match was found. The Panel considered that under the intended conditions of use the risk for allergic sensitisation and elicitation reactions by dietary exposure cannot be excluded, but the likelihood is considered low. Given the risk associated with the presence of antibiotic resistance gene in the food enzyme and the lack of data showing the absence of viable cells, the Panel concludes that the use of β‐galactosidase produced with the genetically modified E. coli NCIMB 30325 cannot be considered safe.

Published
2020

34. Safety evaluation of the food enzyme endo‐1,4‐β‐xylanase and β‐glucanase from Disporotrichum dimorphosporum strain DXL

Author

EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP), Vittorio Silano, José Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Rivière, Inger‐Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Boet Glandorf, Lieve Herman, Francesca Marcon, André Penninks, Andrew Smith, Margarita Aguilera‐Gomez, Magdalena Andryszkiewicz, Davide Arcella, Ana Gomes, Natália Kovalkovičová, Yi Liu, Joaquim Maia, Claudia Roncancio Peña, Andrew Chesson, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Istituto di Microbiologia, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), and Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)

Subjects
No-observed-adverse-effect level, EC 3.2.1.8, 040301 veterinary sciences, Veterinary (miscellaneous), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], TP1-1185, Plant Science, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, 0403 veterinary science, medicine, TX341-641, Food science, Disporotrichum dimorphosporum, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, Inhalation, Strain (chemistry), Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Chemical technology, Endo 1 4 β xylanase, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Glucanase, biology.organism_classification, β‐glucanases, food enzyme, 4‐β‐d‐xylan xylanohydrolase, Disporotrichum, Enzyme, chemistry, Animal Science and Zoology, Parasitology, Genotoxicity, Food Science
Abstract

The food enzyme with xylanases (4‐β‐d‐xylan xylanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.8) and glucanases active against β‐1,4 linkages is produced with the non‐genetically modified fungus Disporotrichum dimorphosporum strain DXL by DSM Food Specialities B.V. The food enzyme is intended to be used in brewing processes. Based on the maximum use level and individual data from the EFSA Comprehensive European Food Database, dietary exposure to the food enzyme–Total Organic Solids (TOS) was estimated to be up to 0.167 mg TOS/kg body weight (bw) per day. Genotoxicity tests did not raise a safety concern. The systemic toxicity was assessed by means of a repeated dose 90‐day oral toxicity study in rats. The Panel identified a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) at the highest dose of 199 mg TOS/kg bw per day that, compared with the estimated dietary exposure, results in a high Margin of Exposure of at least 1,100. Similarity of amino acid sequences of the identified xylanases and β‐glucanases to those of known allergens was searched. No matches were found for two endo‐1,4‐β‐glucanases and two endo‐1,4‐β‐xylanases. However, for a third endo‐β‐1,4‐glucanase the search resulted in matches with three mite protein sequences. While incidental cases of allergic reactions to endo‐1,4‐β‐xylanases and β‐glucanases have been reported after inhalation in respiratory sensitised individuals in the workplace, no allergic reactions to xylanases or β‐glucanases have been reported in the literature after oral exposure. The Panel considered that, the risk of allergic sensitisation and elicitation reactions by dietary exposure cannot be excluded, but the likelihood for this to occur is considered to be low. Based on the data provided, the Panel concluded that this food enzyme does not give rise to safety concerns under the intended conditions of use.

Published
2020

35. « Scolpitele nel vostro cuore »: Primo Levi a cento anni dalla sua nascita

Author

Antonietta Garullo, Maria, Rigo, Paolo, Toppan, Laura, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Littératures, Imaginaire, Sociétés (LIS), and Université de Lorraine (UL)

Subjects
[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature
Abstract

International audience; Primo Levi è stato uno degli autori più complessi della letteratura italiana del Novecento. La sua produzione, spesso associata solamente all’esperienza della Shoah e all’epica della testimonianza, consta, in realtà, di opere di diverso genere e registro. I contributi di questo volume concorrono a mettere in luce aspetti peculiari di questa poetica, indicando al contempo ulteriori itinerari d’indagine al fine di esortare una riflessione costante intorno a un autore che, forse più di ogni altro, necessita di essere sempre conosciuto e riconosciuto.

Published
2020

36. Epidemiology of intra-abdominal infection and sepsis in critically ill patients: 'AbSeS', a multinational observational cohort study and ESICM Trials Group Project

Author

Blot, S. aEmail Author, Antonelli M. b, c Arvaniti, K. d Blot, K. a Creagh-Brown, B. e f, de Lange, D. g, De Waele, J. h Deschepper, M. i Dikmen, Y. j Dimopoulos, G. k Eckmann, C. l Francois, G. m Girardis, M. n Koulenti, D. o p, Labeau S. a, q Lipman, J. r s, Lipovestky F. t, Maseda E. u, Montravers P. v, w Mikstacki, A. x y, Paiva, J. -A. z, Pereyra, C. aa, Rello, J. ab, Timsit, J. -F. ac, ad Vogelaers, D. ae, Lamrous A., Rezende-Neto J., Cardenas Y., Vymazal T., Fjeldsoee-Nielsen H., Kott M., Kostoula A., Javeri Y., Einav S., Makikado L. D. U., Tomescu D., Gritsan A., Jovanovic B., Venkatesan K., Mirkovic T., Creagh-Brown B., Emmerich M., Canale M., Dietz L. S., Ilutovich S., Miñope J. T. S., Silva R. B., Montenegro M. A., Martin P., Saul P., Chediack V., Sutton G., Couce R., Balasini C., Gonzalez S., Lascar F. M., Descotte E. J., Gumiela N. S., Pino C. A., Cesio C., Valgolio E., Cunto E., Dominguez C., Nelson N. F., Abegao E. M., Pozo N. C., Bianchi L., Correger E., Pastorino M. L., Miyazaki E. A., Grubissich N., Garcia M., Bonetto N., Quevedo N. E., Gomez C. D., Queti F., Estevarena L. G., Fernandez R., Santolaya I., Grangeat S. H., Doglia J., Zakalik G., Pellegrini C., Lloria M. M., Chacon M. E., Fumale M., Leguizamon M., Hidalgo I. B., Tiranti R. J., Capponi P., Tita A., Cardonnet L., Bettini L., Ramos A., Lovesio L., Miranda E. M., Farfan A. B., Tolosa C., Segura L., Bellocchio A., Alvarez B., Manzur A., Lujan R., Fernandez N., Scarone N., Zazu A., Groh C., Fletcher J., Smith J., Azad R., Chavan N., Wong H., Kol M., Campbell L., Starr T., Roberts B., Wibrow B., Warhurst T., Chinthamuneedi M., Ferney B. B., Simon M., De Backer, D. Wittebole, De Bels, D. Collin, V. Dams, K. Jorens, P. Dubois, J. Gunst, J. Haentjens, De Schryver, N. Dugernier, T. Rezende-Neto, J. Rizoli, S. Santillan, P. Han, Y. Biskup, E. Qu, C. Li, X. Yu, T. Weihua, L. Molano-Franco, D. Rojas, J. Oviedo, J. M. P. Pinilla, D. Cardenas, Y. Celis, E. Arias, M. Vukovic, A. Vudrag, M. Belavic, M. Zunic, J. Kuharic, J. Kricka, I. B. Filipovic-Grcic, I. Tomasevic, B. Obraz, M. Bodulica, B. Dohnal, M. Malaska, J. Kratochvil, M. Satinsky, I. Schwarz, P. Kos, Z. Blahut, L. Maca, J. Protus, M. Kieslichová, E. Nielsen, L. G. Krogh, B. M. Rivadeneira, F. Morales, F. Mora, J. Orozco, A. S. MorochoTutillo, D. R. Vargas, N. R. Yepez, E. S. Villamagua, B. Alsisi, A. Fahmy, A. Dupont, H. Lasocki, S. Paugam-Burtz, C. Foucrier, A. Nica, A. Barjon, G. Mallat, J. Marcotte, G. Leone, M. Duclos, G. Burtin, P. Atchade, E. Mahjoub, Y. Misset, B. Timsit, J. -F., Dupuis C., Veber B., Debarre M., Collange O., Pottecher J., Hecketsweiler S., Fromentin M., Tesnière A., Koch C., Sander M., Elke G., Wrigge H., Simon P., Chalkiadaki A., Tzanidakis C., Pneumatikos I., Sertaridou E., Mastora Z., Pantazopoulos I., Papanikolaou M., Papavasilopoulou T., Floros J., Kolonia V., Diakaki C., Rallis M., Paridou A., Kalogeromitros A., Romanou V., Nikolaou C., Kounougeri K., Tsigou E., Psallida V., Karampela N., Mandragos K., Kontoudaki E., Pentheroudaki A., Farazi-Chongouki C., Karakosta A., Chouris I., Radu V., Malliotakis P., Kokkini S., Charalambous E., Kyritsi A., Koulouras V., Papathanakos G., Nagky E., Lampiri C., Tsimpoukas F., Sarakatsanos I., Georgakopoulos P., Ravani I., Prekates A., Sakellaridis K., Christopoulos C., Vrettou E., Stokkos K., Pentari A., Marmanidou K., Kydona C., Tsoumaropoulos G., Bitzani M., Kontou P., Voudouris A., Elli-Nikki Flioni, Antypa E., Chasou E., Anisoglou S., Papageorgiou E., Paraforou T., Tsioka A., Karathanou A., Vakalos A., Shah B., Thakkar C., Jain N., Gurjar M., Baronia A., Sathe P., Kulkarni S., Paul C., Paul J., Masjedi M., Nikandish R., Zand F., Sabetian G., Mahmoodpoor A., Hashemian S. M., Bala M., Flocco R., Torrente S., Pota V., Spadaro S., Volta C., Serafini G., Boraso S., Tiberio I., Cortegiani A., Misseri G., Barbagallo M., Nicolotti D., Forfori F., Corradi F., De Pascale, G. Pelagalli, L. Brazzi, L. Vittone, F. G. Russo, A. Simion, D. Cotoia, A. Cinnella, G. Toppin, P. Johnson-Jackson, R. Hayashi, Y. Yamamoto, R. Yasuda, H. Kishihara, Y. Shiotsuka, J. Sanchez-Hurtado, L. A. Tejeda-Huezo, B. Gorordo, L. Ñamendys-Silva, S. A. Garcia-Guillen, F. J. Martinez, M. Romero-Meja, E. Colorado-Dominguez, van den Oever, H. Kalff, K. M. Vermeijden, W. Cornet, A. D. Beck, O. Cimic, N. Dormans, T. Bormans, L. Bakker, Van Duijn, D. Bosman, G. Vos, P. Haas, L. Henein, A. Miranda, A. M. Makikado, L. D. U. Malca, G. E. G. Arroyo-Sanchez, A. Misiewska-Kaczur, A. Akinyi, F. Czuczwar, M. Luczak, K. Sulkowski, W. Tamowicz, B. Swit, B. Baranowski, B. Smuszkiewicz, P. Trojanowska, I. Rzymski, S. Sawinski, M. Trosiak, M. Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, M. Alves, R. Leal, D. Krystopchuk, A. Mendonca, P. M. H. Pereira, R. A., de Carvalho, M. R. L. M. Candeias, C. Molinos, E. Ferreira, A. Castro, G. Pereira, J. -M., Santos L., Ferreira A., Pascoalinho D., Ribeiro R., Domingos G., Gomes P., Nora D., Costa R. P., Santos A., Alsheikhly A. S., Popescu M., Grigoras I., Patrascanu E., Zabolotskikh I., Musaeva T., Gaigolnik D., Kulabukhov V., Belskiy V., Zubareva N., Tribulev M., Abdelsalam A., Aldarsani A., Al-Khalid M., Almekhlafi G., Mandourah Y., Doklestic K., Velickovic J., Velickovic D., Jankovic R., Vukovic A., Skoric-Jokic S., Radovanovic D., Richards G., Alli A., del Carmen Cordoba Nielfa, M. Iniesta, R. S. Martínez, A. B. -C., Bernedo C. G., Gil S. A. P., Nuvials X., Garcia J. G., Peña J. M. G., Jimenez R., Herrera L., Barrachina L. G., Monzon I. C., Redondo F. J., Villazala R., Zapata D. F. M., Lopez I. M. V., Moreno-Gonzalez G., Lopez-Delgado J. C., Marin J. S., Sanchez-Zamora P., Vidal M. V., González J. F., Salinas I., Hermosa C., Martinez-Sagasti F., Domingo-Marín S., Victorino J. A., Garcia-Alvarez R., Calleja, P. L. -A., de la Torre-Prados, M. -V., Vidal-Cortes P., del Río-Carbajo, L. Izura, J. Minguez, V. Alvarez, J. T. Prous, A. P. Paz, D. Roche-Campo, F. Aguilar, G. Belda, J. Rico-Feijoo, J. Aldecoa, C. Zalba-Etayo, B. Lang, M. Dullenkopf, A. Trongtrakul, K. Chtsomkasem, A. Akbas, T. Unal, M. N. Ozcelik, M. Gumus, A. Ramazanoglu, A. Memis, D. Mehmet, I. Urkmez, S. Ozgultekin, A. Demirkiran, O. Aslan, N. A. Kizilaslan, D. Kahveci, F. Ünlü, N. Ozkan, Z. Kaye, C. Jansen, J. O’Neill, O. Nutt, C. Jha, R. Hooker, N. Grecu, I. Petridou, C. Shyamsundar, M. McNamee, L. Trinder, J. Hagan, S. Kelly, C. Silversides, J. Groba, C. B. Boyd, O. Bhowmick, K. Humphreys, S. Summers, C. Polgarova, P. Margarson, M. Dickens, J. Pearson, S. Chinery, E. Hemmings, N. O’Kane, S. Austin, P. Cole, S. Plowright, C. Box, R. Wright, C. Young, L. Montague, L. Parker, R. Morton, B. Ostermann, M. Bilinska, J. Rose, B. O. Reece-Anthony, R. Ryan, C. Hamilton, M. Hopkins, P. Wendon, J. Brescia, G. Ijaz, N. Wood, J. George, M. Toth-Tarsoly, P. Yates, B. Armstrong, M. Scott, C. Boyd, C. Szakmany, T. Rees, D. Pulak, P. Coggon, M. Saha, B. Kent, L. Gibson, B. Camsooksai, J. Reschreiter, H. Morgan, P. Sangaralingham, S. Lowe, A. Vondras, P. Jamadarkhana, S. Cruz, C. Bhandary, R. Hersey, P. Furneval, J. Innes, R. Doble, P. Attwood, B. Parsons, P. Page, V. Zhao, X. Grecu, I. Dalton, J. Hegazy, M. Awad, Y. Naylor, D. Naylor, A. Lee, S. Brevard, S. Davis, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), University Medical Center [Utrecht], Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João - Faculty of Medicine - University of Porto - Grupo de Infecção e Sepsis, Porto, Critical Care Department, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), UCL - SSS/IREC/MEDA - Pôle de médecine aiguë, UCL - (SLuc) Service de soins intensifs, European Soc Intensive Care Med, İÜC, Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü, [Blot S, Blot K] Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Campus UZ Gent, Ghent, Belgium. [Antonelli M] Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. [Arvaniti K] Intensive Care Unit, Papageorgiou University Affiliated Hospital, Thessaloníki, Greece. [Creagh-Brown, B] Surrey Perioperative Anaesthetic Critical Care Collaborative Research Group (SPACeR), Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. [de Lange D] Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Rello J] Centro de investigación en red de enfermedades respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain. Recerca clínica/Innovació en la pneumònia i sèpsia, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Ünlü, Nurdan, Kahveci, Ferda, CYR-2043-2022, CHB-0826-2022, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Blot S., Antonelli M., Arvaniti K., Blot K., Creagh-Brown B., de Lange D., De Waele J., Deschepper M., Dikmen Y., Dimopoulos G., Eckmann C., Francois G., Girardis M., Koulenti D., Labeau S., Lipman J., Lipovestky F., Maseda E., Montravers P., Mikstacki A., Paiva J.-A., Pereyra C., Rello J., Timsit J.-F., Vogelaers D., Lamrous A., Rezende-Neto J., Cardenas Y., Vymazal T., Fjeldsoee-Nielsen H., Kott M., Kostoula A., Javeri Y., Einav S., Makikado L.D.U., Tomescu D., Gritsan A., Jovanovic B., Venkatesan K., Mirkovic T., Emmerich M., Canale M., Dietz L.S., Ilutovich S., Minope J.T.S., Silva R.B., Montenegro M.A., Martin P., Saul P., Chediack V., Sutton G., Couce R., Balasini C., Gonzalez S., Lascar F.M., Descotte E.J., Gumiela N.S., Pino C.A., Cesio C., Valgolio E., Cunto E., Dominguez C., Nelson N.F., Abegao E.M., Pozo N.C., Bianchi L., Correger E., Pastorino M.L., Miyazaki E.A., Grubissich N., Garcia M., Bonetto N., Quevedo N.E., Gomez C.D., Queti F., Estevarena L.G., Fernandez R., Santolaya I., Grangeat S.H., Doglia J., Zakalik G., Pellegrini C., Lloria M.M., Chacon M.E., Fumale M., Leguizamon M., Hidalgo I.B., Tiranti R.J., Capponi P., Tita A., Cardonnet L., Bettini L., Ramos A., Lovesio L., Miranda E.M., Farfan A.B., Tolosa C., Segura L., Bellocchio A., Alvarez B., Manzur A., Lujan R., Fernandez N., Scarone N., Zazu A., Groh C., Fletcher J., Smith J., Azad R., Chavan N., Wong H., Kol M., Campbell L., Starr T., Roberts B., Wibrow B., Warhurst T., Chinthamuneedi M., Ferney B.B., Simon M., De Backer D., Wittebole X., De Bels D., Collin V., Dams K., Jorens P., Dubois J., Gunst J., Haentjens L., De Schryver N., Dugernier T., Rizoli S., Santillan P., Han Y., Biskup E., Qu C., Li X., Yu T., Weihua L., Molano-Franco D., Rojas J., Oviedo J.M.P., Pinilla D., Celis E., Arias M., Vukovic A., Vudrag M., Belavic M., Zunic J., Kuharic J., Kricka I.B., Filipovic-Grcic I., Tomasevic B., Obraz M., Bodulica B., Dohnal M., Malaska J., Kratochvil M., Satinsky I., Schwarz P., Kos Z., Blahut L., Maca J., Protus M., Kieslichova E., Nielsen L.G., Krogh B.M., Rivadeneira F., Morales F., Mora J., Orozco A.S., MorochoTutillo D.R., Vargas N.R., Yepez E.S., Villamagua B., Alsisi A., Fahmy A., Dupont H., Lasocki S., Paugam-Burtz C., Foucrier A., Nica A., Barjon G., Mallat J., Marcotte G., Leone M., Duclos G., Burtin P., Atchade E., Mahjoub Y., Misset B., Dupuis C., Veber B., Debarre M., Collange O., Pottecher J., Hecketsweiler S., Fromentin M., Tesniere A., Koch C., Sander M., Elke G., Wrigge H., Simon P., Chalkiadaki A., Tzanidakis C., Pneumatikos I., Sertaridou E., Mastora Z., Pantazopoulos I., Papanikolaou M., Papavasilopoulou T., Floros J., Kolonia V., Diakaki C., Rallis M., Paridou A., Kalogeromitros A., Romanou V., Nikolaou C., Kounougeri K., Tsigou E., Psallida V., Karampela N., Mandragos K., Kontoudaki E., Pentheroudaki A., Farazi-Chongouki C., Karakosta A., Chouris I., Radu V., Malliotakis P., Kokkini S., Charalambous E., Kyritsi A., Koulouras V., Papathanakos G., Nagky E., Lampiri C., Tsimpoukas F., Sarakatsanos I., Georgakopoulos P., Ravani I., Prekates A., Sakellaridis K., Christopoulos C., Vrettou E., Stokkos K., Pentari A., Marmanidou K., Kydona C., Tsoumaropoulos G., Bitzani M., Kontou P., Voudouris A., Elli-Nikki, Flioni, Antypa E., Chasou E., Anisoglou S., Papageorgiou E., Paraforou T., Tsioka A., Karathanou A., Vakalos A., Shah B., Thakkar C., Jain N., Gurjar M., Baronia A., Sathe P., Kulkarni S., Paul C., Paul J., Masjedi M., Nikandish R., Zand F., Sabetian G., Mahmoodpoor A., Hashemian S.M., Bala M., Flocco R., Torrente S., Pota V., Spadaro S., Volta C., Serafini G., Boraso S., Tiberio I., Cortegiani A., Misseri G., Barbagallo M., Nicolotti D., Forfori F., Corradi F., De Pascale G., Pelagalli L., Brazzi L., Vittone F.G., Russo A., Simion D., Cotoia A., Cinnella G., Toppin P., Johnson-Jackson R., Hayashi Y., Yamamoto R., Yasuda H., Kishihara Y., Shiotsuka J., Sanchez-Hurtado L.A., Tejeda-Huezo B., Gorordo L., Namendys-Silva S.A., Garcia-Guillen F.J., Martinez M., Romero-Meja E., Colorado-Dominguez E., van den Oever H., Kalff K.M., Vermeijden W., Cornet A.D., Beck O., Cimic N., Dormans T., Bormans L., Bakker J., Van Duijn D., Bosman G., Vos P., Haas L., Henein A., Miranda A.M., Malca G.E.G., Arroyo-Sanchez A., Misiewska-Kaczur A., Akinyi F., Czuczwar M., Luczak K., Sulkowski W., Tamowicz B., Swit B., Baranowski B., Smuszkiewicz P., Trojanowska I., Rzymski S., Sawinski M., Trosiak M., Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz M., Alves R., Leal D., Krystopchuk A., Mendonca P.M.H., Pereira R.A., de Carvalho M.R.L.M., Candeias C., Molinos E., Ferreira A., Castro G., Pereira J.-M., Santos L., Pascoalinho D., Ribeiro R., Domingos G., Gomes P., Nora D., Costa R.P., Santos 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S., Morochotutillo, D. R., Varga, N. R., Yepez, E. S., Villamagua, B., Alsisi, A., Fahmy, A., Dupont, H., Lasocki, S., Paugam-Burtz, C., Foucrier, A., Nica, A., Barjon, G., Mallat, J., Marcotte, G., Leone, M., Duclo, G., Burtin, P., Atchade, E., Mahjoub, Y., Misset, B., Timsit, J., -F., Dupuis, C., Veber, B., Debarre, M., Collange, O., Pottecher, J., Hecketsweiler, S., Fromentin, M., Tesnière, A., Koch, C., Sander, M., Elke, G., Wrigge, H., Simon, P., Chalkiadaki, A., Tzanidakis, C., Pneumatikos, I., Sertaridou, E., Mastora, Z., Pantazopoulos, I., Papanikolaou, M., Papavasilopoulou, T., Floros, J., Kolonia, V., Diakaki, C., Rallis, M., Paridou, A., Kalogeromitros, A., Romanou, V., Nikolaou, C., Kounougeri, K., Tsigou, E., Psallida, V., Karampela, N., Mandragos, K., Kontoudaki, E., Pentheroudaki, A., Farazi-Chongouki, C., Karakosta, A., Chouris, I., Radu, V., Malliotakis, P., Kokkini, S., Charalambous, E., Kyritsi, A., Koulouras, V., Papathanakos, G., Nagky, E., Lampiri, C., Tsimpoukas, F., Sarakatsanos, I., Georgakopoulos, P., Ravani, I., Prekates, A., Sakellaridis, K., Christopoulos, C., Vrettou, E., Stokkos, K., Pentari, A., Marmanidou, K., Kydona, C., Tsoumaropoulos, G., Bitzani, M., Kontou, P., Voudouris, A., Elli-Nikki, Flioni, Antypa, E., Chasou, E., Anisoglou, S., Papageorgiou, E., Paraforou, T., Tsioka, A., Karathanou, A., Vakalos, A., Shah, B., Thakkar, C., Jain, N., Gurjar, M., Baronia, A., Sathe, P., Kulkarni, S., Paul, C., Paul, J., Masjedi, M., Nikandish, R., Zand, F., Sabetian, G., Mahmoodpoor, A., Hashemian, S. M., Bala, M., Flocco, R., Torrente, S., Pota, V., Spadaro, S., Volta, C., Serafini, G., Boraso, S., Tiberio, I., Cortegiani, A., Misseri, G., Barbagallo, M., Nicolotti, D., Forfori, F., Corradi, F., De, Pascale, G., Pelagalli, L., Brazzi, L., Vittone, F. G., Russo, A., Simion, D., Cotoia, A., Cinnella, G., Toppin, P., Johnson-Jackson, R., Hayashi, Y., Yamamoto, R., Yasuda, H., Kishihara, Y., Shiotsuka, J., Sanchez-Hurtado, L. A., Tejeda-Huezo, B., Gorordo, L., Ñamendys-Silva, S. A., Garcia-Guillen, F. J., Martinez, M., Romero-Meja, E., Colorado-Dominguez, van den, Oever, H., Kalff, K. M., Vermeijden, W., Cornet, A. D., Beck, O., Cimic, N., Dorman, T., Borman, L., Bakker, Van, Duijn, D., Bosman, G., Vo, P., Haa, L., Henein, A., Miranda, A. M., Makikado, L. D. U., Malca, G. E. 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A. P., Nuvials, X., Garcia, J. G., Peña, J. M. G., Jimenez, R., Herrera, L., Barrachina, L. G., Monzon, I. C., Redondo, F. J., Villazala, R., Zapata, D. F. M., Lopez, I. M. V., Moreno-Gonzalez, G., Lopez-Delgado, J. C., Marin, J. S., Sanchez-Zamora, P., Vidal, M. V., González, J. F., Salinas, I., Hermosa, C., Martinez-Sagasti, F., Domingo-Marín, S., Victorino, J. A., Garcia-Alvarez, R., Calleja, P. L., -A., de la, Torre-Prado, M., -V., Vidal-Cortes, P., Del, Río-Carbajo, L., Izura, J., Minguez, V., Alvarez, J. T., Prou, A. P., Paz, D., Roche-Campo, F., Aguilar, G., Belda, J., Rico-Feijoo, J., Aldecoa, C., Zalba-Etayo, B., Lang, M., Dullenkopf, A., Trongtrakul, K., Chtsomkasem, A., Akba, T., Unal, M. N., Ozcelik, M., Gumu, A., Ramazanoglu, A., Memi, D., Mehmet, I., Urkmez, S., Ozgultekin, A., Demirkiran, O., Aslan, N. A., Kizilaslan, D., Kahveci, F., Ünlü, N., Ozkan, Z., Kaye, C., Jansen, J., O’Neill, O., Nutt, C., Jha, R., Hooker, N., Grecu, I., Petridou, C., Shyamsundar, M., Mcnamee, L., Trinder, J., Hagan, S., Kelly, C., Silverside, J., Groba, C. B., Boyd, O., Bhowmick, K., Humphrey, S., Summer, C., Polgarova, P., Margarson, M., Dicken, J., Pearson, S., Chinery, E., Hemming, N., O’Kane, S., Austin, P., Cole, S., Plowright, C., Box, R., Wright, C., Young, L., Montague, L., Parker, R., Morton, B., Ostermann, M., Bilinska, J., Rose, B. 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Subjects
Infection risk, Male, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Tracte gastrointestinal - Malalties, Definitions, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, THERAPY, DEFINITIONS, Infections::Intraabdominal Infections [DISEASES], 0302 clinical medicine, Intensive care, Intra-abdominal infection, Mortality, Multidrug resistance, Peritonitis, Sepsis, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Observational study, Septic shock, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Critical Illness/epidemiology, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti, Intraabdominal Infections/epidemiology, Abdominal infection, Multicenter study, 3. Good health, Management, Clinical trial, Cohort, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Cohort analysis, Community acquired infection, Cohort study, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Carbapenem resistance, Critical Illness, Peritoneal dialysis, Vancomycin resistant enterococcus, Major clinical study, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Settore MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA, Humans, Critical care medicine, Hospital infection, Aged, Science & Technology, Liver failure, Antibiotic therapy, medicine.disease, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Epidemiologic Studies, 030228 respiratory system, Intensive Care Unit, Sepsis (Diptera), Septic Shock, Risk factor, Human medicine, General & internal medicine, Congestive heart failure, Original, Cohort Studies, Risk Factors, Cause of Death, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdominal abscess, Sepsis/epidemiology, Middle aged, Antifungal therapy, 2. Zero hunger, Peritoniti, Antibiotic agent, Biliary tract infection, Middle Aged, infecciones bacterianas y micosis::infección::infecciones intraabdominales [ENFERMEDADES], PREVALENCE, Infections::Sepsis [DISEASES], técnicas de investigación::métodos epidemiológicos::características de los estudios epidemiológicos::estudios epidemiológicos::estudios de cohortes [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS], Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, Raonament basat en casos, Female, Critically ill patient, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Antifungal agent, Adult, Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT], Predictive value, infecciones bacterianas y micosis::infección::sepsis [ENFERMEDADES], NO, Critical Care Medicine, Internal medicine, General & Internal Medicine, medicine, MANAGEMENT, Journal Article, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Septicèmia, business.industry, Pancreas disease, Malnutrition, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Typhlitis, Toxic megacolon, Intraabdominal Infections, Therapy, Late onset disorder, business
Abstract

Pardo-Oviedo, Juan Mauricio/0000-0003-0084-3449; Lopez-Delgado, Juan Carlos/0000-0003-3324-1129; Corradi, Francesco/0000-0002-5588-2608; De Backer, Daniel/0000-0001-9841-5762; POTA, VINCENZO/0000-0001-9999-3388; Tomescu, Dana/0000-0001-9673-5754; Sabetian, Golnar/0000-0001-8764-2150; Girardis, Massimo/0000-0002-2453-0829; Brazzi, Luca/0000-0001-7059-0622; Leone, Marc/0000-0002-3097-758X; Zabolotskikh, Igor Borisovich/0000-0002-3623-2546; De Lange, Dylan/0000-0002-0191-7270; ALMEKHLAFI, GHALEB A./0000-0002-0323-7025; Elke, Gunnar/0000-0002-4948-1605; Grigoras, Ioana/0000-0001-9412-9574; Czuczwar, Miroslaw/0000-0002-9025-6717; Nora, David/0000-0002-1133-7368; Masjedi, Mansoor/0000-0001-6175-9289; Gunst, Jan/0000-0003-2470-6393; Vidal-Cortes, Pablo/0000-0003-0225-9975; Szakmany, Tamas/0000-0003-3632-8844; Dimopoulos, George/0000-0002-3784-3103; Rello, Jordi/0000-0003-0676-6210; U nal, Necmettin/0000-0002-9440-7893; Tiberio, Iolanda FLC/0000-0002-5662-7895; Cortegiani, Andrea/0000-0003-1416-9993; Morton, Ben/0000-0002-6164-2854; Labeau, Sonia/0000-0003-3863-612X; Velickovic, Dejan/0000-0002-7312-2880; Paul, John/0000-0002-9307-3465; Pereira, Rui/0000-0002-3010-8384; Silversides, Jon/0000-0002-9562-5462; Paiva, Jose-Artur/0000-0003-4323-0220; Smuszkiewicz, Piotr/0000-0003-3067-8229; Paul, Cherish/0000-0001-6133-0036; Santos, Lurdes/0000-0002-0622-6823; PANTAZOPOULOS, IOANNIS/0000-0002-8846-519X; Ostermann, Marlies/0000-0001-9500-9080; Blot, Stijn/0000-0003-2145-0345; Naylor, Amanda/0000-0002-6431-0230; Shyamsundar, Murali/0000-0003-3797-8080; Aldecoa, Cesar/0000-0001-8789-5959; Summers, Charlotte/0000-0002-7269-2873; biskup, ewelina/0000-0002-9871-927X; Cornet, Alexander/0000-0002-9917-5251; Trenado Alvarez, Jose/0000-0002-2930-0766; Volta, Carlo/0000-0003-3533-6121; Gritsan, Alexey/0000-0002-0500-2887; Urkmez, Seval/0000-0002-3412-4226 WOS:000493268200001 PubMed ID: 31664501 PurposeTo describe the epidemiology of intra-abdominal infection in an international cohort of ICU patients according to a new system that classifies cases according to setting of infection acquisition (community-acquired, early onset hospital-acquired, and late-onset hospital-acquired), anatomical disruption (absent or present with localized or diffuse peritonitis), and severity of disease expression (infection, sepsis, and septic shock).MethodsWe performed a multicenter (n=309), observational, epidemiological study including adult ICU patients diagnosed with intra-abdominal infection. Risk factors for mortality were assessed by logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe cohort included 2621 patients. Setting of infection acquisition was community-acquired in 31.6%, early onset hospital-acquired in 25%, and late-onset hospital-acquired in 43.4% of patients. Overall prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was 26.3% and difficult-to-treat resistant Gram-negative bacteria 4.3%, with great variation according to geographic region. No difference in prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was observed according to setting of infection acquisition. Overall mortality was 29.1%. Independent risk factors for mortality included late-onset hospital-acquired infection, diffuse peritonitis, sepsis, septic shock, older age, malnutrition, liver failure, congestive heart failure, antimicrobial resistance (either methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria, or carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria) and source control failure evidenced by either the need for surgical revision or persistent inflammation.ConclusionThis multinational, heterogeneous cohort of ICU patients with intra-abdominal infection revealed that setting of infection acquisition, anatomical disruption, and severity of disease expression are disease-specific phenotypic characteristics associated with outcome, irrespective of the type of infection. Antimicrobial resistance is equally common in community-acquired as in hospital-acquired infection. Pfizer investigator-initiated research grant AbSeS is a Trials Group Study of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. The study was supported by a Pfizer investigator-initiated research grant.

Published
2019

37. Immigration and voting for redistribution: Evidence from European elections

Author

Simone Moriconi, Giovanni Peri, Riccardo Turati, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche économique et sociale (IRES), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), and ANR-18-CE26-0002,MALYNES,Migration et offre de travail quand la culture compte(2018)

Subjects
Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Economics and Econometrics, Labour economics, media_common.quotation_subject, Immigration, Social Welfare, Elections, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Politics, Political agenda, Voting, Political science, 0502 economics and business, 050602 political science & public administration, 050207 economics, 10. No inequality, media_common, 05 social sciences, Welfare state, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Party platform, 0506 political science, Europe, Redistribution, Voting behavior
Abstract

International audience; In this paper we document the impact of immigration on political support for welfare state expansion, using national election data of twelve European countries between 2007 and 2016. We match individual information on party voting with a classification of the political agenda of 126 parties during 28 elections. We first investigate the impact of local immigration on individual voting behavior, keeping the political platform of parties fixed. We then shift focus from voters to political parties, and investigate how immigration affects the political agenda of European parties. To attenuate omitted variable and selection bias concerns, we implement an instrumental variable approach that exploits cross-regional variation of immigrant settlements in 2005, along with the skill and nationality composition of recent immigrant flows. We find that larger inflows of highly educated immigrants are associated with European citizens shifting their votes toward parties that favor expansion of the welfare state. On the other hand, inflows of less educated immigrants induce European parties to endorse platforms less favourable to social welfare.

Published
2019

38. Alcune considerazioni sulle origini del principato in Cassio Dione

Author

Urso, Gianpaolo and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt)

Subjects
Dion Cassius, [SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, [SHS.CLASS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Classical studies
Abstract

International audience; À propos de : Dion Cassius, Histoire romaine, Livre 53. – Texte établi par M. Bellissime, traduit et commenté par M. Bellissime et Fr. Hurlet. – Paris : Les Belles Lettres, 2018. – LXXXVIII+112 p. : index, cartes. – (CUF, ISSN : 0184.7155 : série grecque ; 537). – ISBN : 978.2.251.00621.5.; À propos de : Dion Cassius, Histoire romaine, Livre 53.-Texte établi par m. beLLissime, traduit et commenté par m. beLLissime et Fr. hurLet.-Paris : Les Belles Lettres, 2018.-LXXXVIII+112 p. : index, cartes.-(CUF, ISSN : 0184.7155 : série grecque ; 537).-ISBN : 978.2.251.00621.5. L'edizione critica della Storia romana di Cassio Dione nella Collection des Universités de France, finora limitata ai libri tardo-repubblicani (sono stati pubblicati i libri XXXVI-XLII e i libri XLV-LI), si arricchisce di un primo volume dedicato al periodo imperiale. Si tratta del libro LIII, la cui cura è stata affidata come di consueto a due studiosi di diversa formazione: una filologa (Marion Bellissime) e uno storico (Frédéric Hurlet). Questo libro è uno tra i più brevi dell'opera di Dione (solo 33 capitoli), ma è anche uno dei più densi: «Le livre LIII est celui de la naissance d'un régime» (p. VII). Esso tratta degli avvenimenti tra il 28 e il 23 a.C., e comprende l'abolizione delle leggi triumvirali (del 28), la riorganizzazione del governo delle provincie (del 27) e la riconfigurazione giuridica del principato (del 23). Il libro si apre e si chiude con due sezioni narrative (LIII 1-2; 22-33), dedicate ai principali avvenimenti a Roma (sul piano politico, istituzionale e dell'organizzazione urbanistica) e nelle provincie (sul piano amministrativo e militare). Il suo nucleo è però costituito dal lungo discorso del gennaio 27, in cui Ottaviano annuncia la sua intenzione di rinunciare al potere (LIII 3-10); dalla reazione dei senatori, che porta all'instaurazione (o piuttosto al consolidamento) della μοναρχία (LIII 11); da una lunga analisi di Dione sul nuovo ordinamento, sulle nuove pratiche del potere che esso determina e sulle implicazioni che ne derivano per lo storiografo (LIII 12-21).

Published
2019

39. Immune Parameters for Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring in Invasive Mold Infection

Author

Toine Mercier, Martin Hoenigl, Frank L. van de Veerdonk, Jeffrey D. Jenks, Carol Garcia-Vidal, Cornelia Lass-Flörl, Mihai G. Netea, Philipp Koehler, Juergen Prattes, Livio Pagano, Dieter Buchheidt, Agostinho Carvalho, Stephen A. Rawlings, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, M. Teresa Martin-Gomez, Universidade do Minho, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Medical University Graz, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], University of Minho [Braga], and University of California (UC)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Review, Plant Science, INTERLEUKIN (IL)-6, immune response, SERUM, High morbidity, invasive mold infections, GALACTOMANNAN, Aspergillus, Immune response, Interleukin 10, Interleukin 6, Interleukin 8, Invasive aspergillosis, Invasive mold infections, Mold-reactive T-cells, Mucormycosis, Prognosis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, biology, ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS, Response to treatment, 3. Good health, Predictive factor, Infectious Diseases, Infection, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Treatment monitoring, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, interleukin 6, Mycology, interleukin 8, TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, medicine, BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID, Intensive care medicine, POLYMORPHISMS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, invasive aspergillosis, Science & Technology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Prevention, Mold infection, PERFORMANCE, LATERAL-FLOW DEVICE, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, Settore MED/15 - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE, mold-reactive T-cells, Emerging Infectious Diseases, prognosis, interleukin 10, business
Abstract

Infections caused by invasive molds, including Aspergillus spp., can be difficult to diagnose and remain associated with high morbidity and mortality. Thus, early diagnosis and targeted systemic antifungal treatment remains the most important predictive factor for a successful outcome in immunocompromised individuals with invasive mold infections. Diagnosis remains difficult due to low sensitivities of diagnostic tests including culture and other mycological tests for mold pathogens, particularly in patients on mold-active antifungal prophylaxis. As a result, antifungal treatment is rarely targeted and reliable markers for treatment monitoring and outcome prediction are missing. Thus, there is a need for improved markers to diagnose invasive mold infections, monitor response to treatment, and assist in determining when antifungal therapy should be escalated, switched, or can be stopped. This review focuses on the role of immunologic markers and specifically cytokines in diagnosis and treatment monitoring of invasive mold infections., This research was supported in part by Gilead Sciences Grant IN-EU-131-5720.

Published
2019

40. Nudging gender desegregation: a field experiment on the causal effect of information barriers on gender inequalities in higher education

Author

Giulia Assirelli, Giovanni Abbiati, Carlo Barone, Antonio Schizzerotto, Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) (OSC), Sciences Po (Sciences Po)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Trento [Trento], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), and Observatoire sociologique du changement (OSC)

Subjects
Inequality, Higher education, Desegregation, Field experiment, Gender segregation, Higher Education, Information, Returns to education, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, 050109 social psychology, 5. Gender equality, Argument, 050602 political science & public administration, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 10. No inequality, Demography, media_common, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, business.industry, 4. Education, Field (Bourdieu), 05 social sciences, Causal effect, returns to education, gender segregation, 0506 political science, Test (assessment), Intervention (law), field experiment, higher education, Psychology, business, Social psychology
Abstract

In this article, we propose and test a novel explanation for gender segregation in Higher Education that focuses on the misperceptions of economic returns to fields of study. We frame this explanation within the literature emphasizing the role of gender-stereotypical preferences and occupational plans, and we argue that counselling activities in school can play a crucial role in either reinforcing or countering the weight of these expressive mechanisms relative to more instrumental considerations involving occupational prospects of different fields. In particular, we suggest that the availability of reliable, ready-to-use information on these prospects enhances the probability that students, particularly females, opt for more rewarding fields. To test this argument, we present the results of a field experiment conducted in Italy that confronted high school seniors with detailed information concerning returns to tertiary education and field of study differentials, and we assess how girls and boys reacted to this counselling intervention.

Published
2018

41. Impact of post-harvest ozone treatments on the skin phenolic extractability of red winegrapes cv Barbera and Nebbiolo ( Vitis vinifera L.)

Author

Francesco Cravero, Maria Alessandra Paissoni, Vincenzo Gerbi, Fabrizio Torchio, Cristian Carboni, Luca Giorgio Carlo Rolle, Pierre-Louis Teissedre, Vasileios Englezos, Kalliopi Rantsiou, Susana Río Segade, Simone Giacosa, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Unité de Recherche Oenologie [Villenave d'Ornon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Istituto di Enologia e Ingegneria Agro-Alimentare, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Industrie De Nora SpA, USC 1366 Oenologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, and Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Mycobiota, qualité du vin, Food Handling, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Wine, Anthocyanins, Extractability, Flavanols, Grape post-harvest treatment, Ozone, Berry, extractability, 01 natural sciences, baie de raisin, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Phenols, anthocyanine, Botany, Maceration (wine), Humans, Proanthocyanidins, Vitis, Cultivar, grape post-harvest treatment, Winemaking, Flavonoids, Vanillin, 010401 analytical chemistry, Polyphenols, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, anthocyanins, 040401 food science, 0104 chemical sciences, ozone, Horticulture, Settore AGR/15 - SCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE ALIMENTARI, chemistry, Proanthocyanidin, Fruit, Anthocyanin, flavanols, Food Science
Abstract

Recently the use of ozone as sanitizing agent has been proposed on winegrapes in order to control mycobiota after harvest. The aim of this work was to investigate possible indirect physico-chemical effects of ozone treatment on berry skin phenolic composition and extractability. Vitis vinifera L. cv Nebbiolo and Barbera, chosen for their different anthocyanin profiles, were post-harvest treated for 24 and 72 h with gaseous ozone (30 μL/L). Skin anthocyanin and flavanol extractability was assessed during maceration (6, 24, 48, 96, 168 and 240 h) using a wine-like solution. In our experimental conditions, ozone did not affect significantly the final extraction yield of anthocyanins (TA), proanthocyanidins (PRO), and flavanols reactive to vanillin (FRV) in Barbera, although TA and FRV extractabilities were higher in control samples than in ozone-treated samples during the first stages of maceration. In Nebbiolo, the final TA extraction yield was positively influenced by the ozone treatment (68.6, 64.2, and 59.9% for 24 h ozone-treated berries, 72 h ozone-treated berries and control samples, respectively). Final PRO and FRV extractability also increased in both ozone-treated samples compared to the control (+ 8.6–9.1% for PRO and + 7.3–11.7% for FRV). No significant differences were found among treatments for individual anthocyanins in both cultivars at the end of maceration. Therefore, the use of ozone as sanitizing agent in red varieties prior to winemaking process can be considered because it did not negatively affect the extractability of skin anthocyanins and flavanols.

Published
2017

42. Dovitinib in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumour refractory and/or intolerant to imatinib

Author

Stefania Crippa, Javier Martin-Broto, Axel Le Cesne, Claudia Weiss, Sebastian Bauer, Elena Fumagalli, Olivier Bouché, Alessandro Comandone, Jean-Yves Blay, Antoine Adenis, M. Camozzi, Carlo Barone, Xavier Garcia del Muro, Antoine Italiano, Giovanni Grignani, Ramon Castellana, Claudia Valverde, Heikki Joensuu, Antonio López Pousa, University of Helsinki, Département cancer environnement (Centre Léon Bérard - Lyon), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Gradenigo Hospital, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío [Sevilla], Medical Genetics Service, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy., Candiolo Cancer Institute (IRCCS), Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, 08907 L’Hospitalet (Barcelona) and Universitat de, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le Cancer Oscar Lambret [Lille] (UNICANCER/Lille), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-UNICANCER, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Hôpital Robert Debré, Hôpital Robert Debré-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], UNICANCER, Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Observatoire sociologique du changement (OSC), Sciences Po (Sciences Po)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics [Siena], Novartis Farmacéutica SA, Sarcome, Département de médecine oncologique [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Université de Lille-UNICANCER, Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Clinicum, Heikki Joensuu / Principal Investigator, and Department of Oncology

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Male, Cancer Research, MULTICENTER, Medizin, Salvage therapy, RESISTANT, Quinolones, gastrointestinal stromal tumour, 0302 clinical medicine, Clinical endpoint, FAILURE, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, KIT MUTATIONS, GiST, Sunitinib, Middle Aged, Prognosis, 3. Good health, Tolerability, SAFETY, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, PHASE-II, Imatinib Mesylate, Female, TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR, medicine.drug, GIST, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, 3122 Cancers, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, SUNITINIB, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, MESH: Benzimidazoles/pharmacology, Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism, Drug resistance, Neoplasm/drug therapy, Adverse effect, neoplasms, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Salvage Therapy, business.industry, Imatinib, EFFICACY, refractory, 030104 developmental biology, Imatinib mesylate, imatinib, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Clinical Study, Benzimidazoles, dovitinib, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background: This multicentre phase II trial (DOVIGIST) evaluated the antitumour activity of dovitinib as second-line treatment of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) refractory to imatinib or who do not tolerate imatinib. Methods: Patients received oral dovitinib 500 mg day(-1), 5 days on/2 days off, until GIST progression or unacceptable toxicity, with an objective to evaluate efficacy, assessed as the disease control rate (DCR) at 12 weeks. Tumour assessment and response to dovitinib therapy were evaluated by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumours (RECIST v1.1) and the Choi criteria. Secondary objectives included assessment of progression-free survival (PFS), safety and tolerability, and DCR at the end of treatment. Results: Thirty-eight of the 39 patients enrolled had histologically confirmed GIST. The DCR at 12 weeks was 52.6% (90% confidence interval (CI), 38.2-66.7%) meeting the preset efficacy criterion for the primary end point. The objective response rate (complete response+partial response) was 2.6% (1 of 38; 90% CI, 0.1-11.9%), and 5.3% (n = 2; 90% CI, 0.9-15.7%) at the end of the study. The median PFS was 4.6 months (90% CI, 2.8-7.4 months). Dose interruption was required in 26 patients (66.7%), of which 18 (69.2%) were due to adverse events. The most frequently observed grade 3 adverse events included hypertension (n = 7), fatigue (n = 5), vomiting (n = 4), hypertriglyceridaemia (n = 4), and gamma-glutamyltransferase increase (n = 4). Conclusions: Dovitinib is an active treatment for patients with GIST who are intolerant to imatinib or whose GIST progresses on imatinib.

Published
2017

43. Being oneself through time: Bases of self-continuity across 55 cultures

Author

Ellinor Owe, Diego Carrasco, Selinay Çağlar, Seth J. Schwartz, Gabriella Campara, Matthew J. Easterbrook, Camillo Regalia, Masaki Yuki, Kassahun Habtamu Mekonnen, Ronald Fischer, Silvia Helena Koller, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Jianxin Zhang, Siugmin Lay, Agustín Espinosa, Pelin Kesebir, David Bourguignon, Juan A. Villamar, Xiao Zhang, Nicolás Didier, Immo Fritsche, Charles Harb, Said Aldhafri, Robert Kreuzbauer, Taciano L. Milfont, Peter Baguma, Maja Becker, Tom Pyszczynski, George Nizharadze, Michael Harris Bond, Ma. Elizabeth J. Macapagal, Martina Zinkeng, Roberto González, Benjamin Amponsah, Vivian L. Vignoles, Ana Raquel Rosas Torres, Rupert Brown, Peter B. Smith, Sami Abuhamdeh, Nicolay Gausel, Claudia Manzi, Marie Courtois, Raquel Lorente Clemares, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Maria Brambilla, Ersin Kusdil, Bettina Möller, Leoncio Camino, Baland Jalal, Sabrina E. Des Rosiers, Ginette Herman, Alexander Tatarko, Boris Cendales Ayala, Shaobo Lv, Paula Prieto Gil, Ragna B. Garðarsdóttir, Márta Fülöp, Mariana Martin, Alin Gavreliuc, Inge Schweiger Gallo, Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE-LTC), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Sussex, Istanbul Sehir University, Universidad de Los Andes [Venezuela] (ULA), Universidade Federal da Paraiba (UFPB), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), Free University of Tbilisi, University of Ghana, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Uludağ Üniversitesi = Uludag University, Ankara University, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Psychologie Ergonomique et Sociale pour l'Expérience utilisateurs (PErSEUs), Université de Lorraine (UL), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Ateneo de Manila University, University of Colorado [Colorado Springs] (UCCS), Thammasat University (TU), University of Agder (UIA), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Arc Centre of Excellence for Quantum-Atom Optics (ACQAO), Australian National University (ANU), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Vysšaja škola èkonomiki = National Research University Higher School of Economics [Moscow] (HSE), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Addis Ababa University (AAU), Victoria University of Wellington, University of Malaya [Kuala Lumpur, Malaisie], Makerere University [Kampala, Ouganda] (MAK), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Wuhan Branch], West University of Timișoara [Roumanie] (WUT), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [Madrid] (UC3M), Laboratoire de physique et modélisation des milieux condensés (LPM2C), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi/Psikoloji Bölümü., Kuşdil, Muharrem Ersin, and National Research University Higher School of Economics

Subjects
Beliefs, Personhood, media_common.quotation_subject, Culture, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Identity (social science), 050109 social psychology, Mindset, Psychology, social, Implicit theories, 050105 experimental psychology, Personhood beliefs, Identity, Mutability, Perception, Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Narrative, Future, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Psychology, Associative property, media_common, Self-continuity, Essentialism, 05 social sciences, Cultural group selection, Individualism, Self-Construal, Emotion, Individualism/Collectivism, Motives, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Personal identity, Social psychology
Abstract

Çalışmada 60 yazar bulunmaktadır. Bu yazarlardan sadece Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi mensuplarının girişleri yapılmıştır. Self-continuity - the sense that one's past, present, and future are meaningfully connected - is considered a defining feature of personal identity. However, bases of self-continuity may depend on cultural beliefs about personhood. In multilevel analyses of data from 7287 adults from 55 cultural groups in 33 nations, we tested a new tripartite theoretical model of bases of self-continuity. As expected, perceptions of stability, sense of narrative, and associative links to one's past each contributed to predicting the extent to which people derived a sense of self-continuity from different aspects of their identities. Ways of constructing self-continuity were moderated by cultural and individual differences in mutable (vs. immutable) personhood beliefs - the belief that human attributes are malleable. Individuals with lower mutability beliefs based self-continuity more on stability; members of cultures where mutability beliefs were higher based self-continuity more on narrative. Bases of self-continuity were also moderated by cultural variation in contextualized (vs. decontextualized) personhood beliefs, indicating a link to cultural individualism-collectivism. Our results illustrate the cultural flexibility of the motive for self-continuity. UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) (RES-062-23-1300) Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (CIIR) (FONDAP/15110006) Centre for Social Conflict and Cohesion Studies (FONDAP/15130009) UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) (ES/F04223X/1) Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDECYT (FONDECYT/1161371)

Published
2017

44. Gender segregation in higher education: an empirical test of seven explanations

Author

Carlo Barone, Giulia Assirelli, Observatoire sociologique du changement (OSC), Sciences Po (Sciences Po)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), and Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) (OSC)

Subjects
Inequality, Higher education, media_common.quotation_subject, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Education, Empirical research, 5. Gender equality, 0502 economics and business, 10. No inequality, media_common, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, business.industry, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, Gender, Social segregation, Educational attainment, Test (assessment), Italy, Engineering education, Information and Communications Technology, Demographic economics, Psychology, business, Explanatory power, 0503 education, 050203 business & management, Track choice
Abstract

Gender segregation in higher education (GSHE) is recognized as a key factor to explain the persistence of gender inequalities in the labor market despite the reversal of gender gap in educational attainment. Women are systematically overrepresented in fields of study, such as social sciences and the humanities, which offer relatively poor labor market prospects; at the same time, they are underrepresented in fields that perform above the average, as engineering and ICT. Several explanations for GSHE have been proposed in the literature, but their explanatory power has to be assessed yet. Using a rich longitudinal dataset on a recent cohort of Italian upper secondary school leavers, in this paper we jointly test seven potential mechanisms for GSHE. Our results show that rational choice explanations—such as skill-based explanations and gender differences in career preferences—fail to account for GSHE. On the contrary, expressive motivations related to preferences for school subjects and for specific occupations are found to mediate to a significant extent GSHE. However, our most important result concerns the key role of curricular track choice at upper secondary level which, alone, mediates two third of the gender difference in access to the humanities and social sciences and one third of the gender difference in access to engineering and ICT.

Published
2019

45. Détournement de la procédure parlementaire et contrôle de la Cour constitutionnelle

Author

Giudicelli, Julien, Massa, Michele, Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre Aquitain d'Histoire du Droit-Université de Bordeaux (CAHD), Droits international, comparé et européen / Centre de droit et de politique comparés Jean-Claude Escarras (DICE / CDPC), Droits International, Comparé et Européen (DICE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law
Published
2019

46. Optimizing design of research to evaluate antibiotic stewardship interventions: consensus recommendations of a multinational working group

Author

J. Islam, Céline Pulcini, Marlies E J L Hulscher, Paul Little, Martin Wolkewitz, Benedikt Huttner, M. van Smeden, Stéphan Juergen Harbarth, Evelina Tacconelli, J. F. Timsit, Anne-Sophie Walker, Marc J. M. Bonten, J Rodríguez Baño, M J Llewelyn, Valentijn A. Schweitzer, C.H. van Werkhoven, Alessia Savoldi, Julia Bielicki, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (UK), University of Oxford, Public Health England, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Unit of Infectious Diseases, Clinical Microbiology and Preventive Medicine [Seville, Spain] (Department of Medicine), Universidad de Sevilla-Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena [Seville, Spain]-Biomedicine Institute of Sevilla [Seville, Spain], Paediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group [London, UK], St George‘s, University of London-Institute for Infection and Immunity [London, UK], Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control [Geneva, Switzerland] (Faculty of Medicine), Geneva University Hospitals - HUG [Switzerland], Scientific Center for Quality of Healthcare [Nijmegen, The Netherlands], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Nijmegen, the Netherlands], Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control [Geneva, Switzerland], Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Department of Global Health and Infection [Falmer, U.K.], Brighton and Sussex Medical School (BSMS), Department of Primary Care Research [Southampton, U.K.], University of Southampton, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), Infectious Diseases [Verona, Italy], Department of Diagnostic and Public Health [Verona, Italy], Internal Medicine [Tuebingen, Germany], Tuebingen University [Germany], Department of Infectious Diseases, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Services de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Bichat], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Department of Clinical Epidemiology [Leiden, The Netherlands], Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics [Freiburg, Germany], University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Department of Medical Microbiology [Utrecht, The Netherlands], Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit (MRC CTU), University College of London [London] (UCL), Nuffield Department of Medicine [Oxford, UK] (Big Data Institute), University of Oxford [Oxford], The presented work was supported by a grant (JPIAMRWG-010) from the Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance. ASW is supported by the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) [HPRU-2012-10041], and is an NIHR Senior Investigator., Biomedicine Institute of Sevilla [Seville, Spain]-Universidad de Sevilla-Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena [Seville, Spain], St George's, University of London-Institute for Infection and Immunity [London, UK], Department of Diagnostics and Public Health [Verona] (UNIVR | DDSP), University of Verona (UNIVR)-University of Verona (UNIVR), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford, Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Public Health England (PHE), Vialaron, Sylvie, Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla-Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena [Séville]-Biomedicine Institute of Sevilla [Seville, Spain], Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR)-Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), and Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Research design, Internationality, Appropriate antimicrobial use, Psychological intervention, Antimicrobial stewardship, Antimicrobial resistance, Antimicrobial Stewardship, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, ddc:616, Clinical Trials as Topic, General Medicine, Quality, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Europe, Methodology, Infectious Diseases, restrict, R852, Research Design, Psychology, Microbiology (medical), Statement of work, Consensus, media_common.quotation_subject, 030106 microbiology, antibiotic stewardship, 03 medical and health sciences, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Humans, Quality (business), Antimicrobial Stewardship/organization & administration/standards, Medical education, Bacteria, Clinical study design, R1, Intervention (law), Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Bacteria/drug effects, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract

Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance (JPIAMR) Working Group on Design of Antimicrobial Stewardship Evaluations., [Background] Antimicrobial stewardship interventions and programmes aim to ensure effective treatment while minimizing antimicrobial-associated harms including resistance. Practice in this vital area is undermined by the poor quality of research addressing both what specific antimicrobial use interventions are effective and how antimicrobial use improvement strategies can be implemented into practice. In 2016 we established a working party to identify the key design features that limit translation of existing research into practice and then to make recommendations for how future studies in this field should be optimally designed. The first part of this work has been published as a systematic review. Here we present the working group's final recommendations., [Methods] An international working group for design of antimicrobial stewardship intervention evaluations was convened in response to the fourth call for leading expert network proposals by the Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance (JPIAMR). The group comprised clinical and academic specialists in antimicrobial stewardship and clinical trial design from six European countries. Group members completed a structured questionnaire to establish the scope of work and key issues to develop ahead of a first face-to-face meeting that (a) identified the need for a comprehensive systematic review of study designs in the literature and (b) prioritized key areas where research design considerations restrict translation of findings into practice. The working group's initial outputs were reviewed by independent advisors and additional expertise was sought in specific clinical areas. At a second face-to-face meeting the working group developed a theoretical framework and specific recommendations to support optimal study design. These were finalized by the working group co-ordinators and agreed by all working group members., [Results] We propose a theoretical framework in which consideration of the intervention rationale the intervention setting, intervention features and the intervention aims inform selection and prioritization of outcome measures, whether the research sets out to determine superiority or non-inferiority of the intervention measured by its primary outcome(s), the most appropriate study design (e.g. experimental or quasi- experimental) and the detailed design features. We make 18 specific recommendation in three domains: outcomes, objectives and study design., [Conclusions] Researchers, funders and practitioners will be able to draw on our recommendations to most efficiently evaluate antimicrobial stewardship interventions., The presented work was supported by a grant (JPIAMRWG-010) from the Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance. A.S.W. is supported by the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) [HPRU-2012-10041], and is an NIHR Senior Investigator.

Published
2019

47. 'You Better Move On'

Author

Assirelli, Giulia, Barone, Carlo, Recchi, Ettore, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Observatoire sociologique du changement (OSC), Sciences Po (Sciences Po)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) (OSC)

Subjects
Graduate migration, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, Italy, Labor Market
Abstract

After the Eurozone crisis, out-migration from southern Europe revived, mostly fed by the highly skilled young. Nevertheless, little is known about these new migrants, particularly regarding the determinants and payoffs of their moves. This study delves into the Italian case, drawing on a large representative sample of the 2011 graduation cohort. Multivariate analyses show that young people from upper-class families, foreign citizens, graduates in scientific and internationally oriented fields, and best-performing students are more likely to migrate. Moreover, compared to the “stayers,” graduate migrants enjoy more favorable outcomes in terms of wages, unemployment risks, access to skilled employment, and career satisfaction.

Published
2019

48. Model-free Two-sample Test for Network-Valued Data

Author

Alessia Pini, Simone Vantini, Ilenia Lovato, Aymeric Stamm, Dipartimento di Matematica - Università di Pavia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Jean Leray (LMJL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Modeling and Scientific Computing [Milano] (MOX), and Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI)

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Computer science, Network-valued data, Null-hypothesis testing, Object-oriented data analysis, Permutation test, Shared mobility, Matrix representation, 01 natural sciences, Statistical power, 010104 statistics & probability, Matrix (mathematics), Permutation, Resampling, 0502 economics and business, 0101 mathematics, Statistic, 050205 econometrics, Statistical hypothesis testing, Applied Mathematics, 05 social sciences, Computational Mathematics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Settore SECS-S/01 - STATISTICA, Pairwise comparison, Algorithm, [STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME]
Abstract

International audience; In the framework of Object Oriented Data Analysis, a permutation approach to the two-sample testing problem for network-valued data is proposed. In details, the present framework proceeds in four steps: (i) matrix representation of the networks, (ii) computation of the matrix of pairwise (inter-point) distances, (iii) computation of test statistics based on inter-point distances and (iv) embedding of the test statistics within a permutation test. The proposed testing procedures are proven to be exact for every finite sample size and consistent. Two new test statistics based on inter-point distances (i.e., IP-Student and IP-Fisher) are defined and a method to combine them to get a further inferential tool (i.e., IP-StudentFisher) is introduced. Simulated data shows that tests with our statistic exhibit a statistical power that is either the best or second-best but very close to the best on a variety of possible $ Corresponding author alternatives hypotheses and other statistics. A second simulation study that aims at better understanding which features are captured by specific combinations of matrix representations and distances is presented. Finally, a case study on mobility networks in the city of Milan is carried out. The proposed framework is fully implemented in the R package nevada (NEtwork-VAlued Data Analysis).

Published
2019

49. The Speeches of Theban Ambassadors in Greek Literature (404-362 B.C.)

Author

Tuci, Paolo A., Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Archéologie et histoire ancienne : Méditerranée - Europe (ARCHIMEDE), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), and Février, Carole

Subjects
Épaminondas, discours des ambassadeurs, rhétorique, diplomatie thébaine, Pélopidas, [SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature, Pelopidas, Epaminondas, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.LITT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature, Theban diplomacy, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, ambassadorial speeches, [SHS.HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, [SHS.CLASS] Humanities and Social Sciences/Classical studies, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, [SHS.CLASS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Classical studies
Abstract

The paper examines the preserved literary versions of the speeches delivered by Theban ambassadors between 404 and 362 B. C. The introduction, after providing a list of these speeches, focuses mainly on methodological problems ; then an analysis of different kind of arguments and strategies used by Theban ambassadors follows ; afterwards the paper provides a survey of the evidence about the oratory of the only two Theban ambassadors whose name is known (Pelopidas and Epaminondas) ; the last paragraph offers concluding remarks. The analysis of persuasion techniques adopted by Theban envoys suggests that a valid Theban ambassador had to be not only an eloquent speaker, but also a skilled historian and a clever politician., Cet article analyse les versions littéraires des discours prononcés par les ambassadeurs de Thèbes entre 404 et 362 av. J.-C. L’introduction, qui vise à fournir une liste de ces discours, porte sur les principaux problèmes de méthode. Puis, on propose une analyse des différents sujets et des stratégies employées par les ambassadeurs de Thèbes ; on présente ensuite les données concernant la rhétorique des seuls ambassadeurs de Thèbes dont le nom est connu (Pélopidas et Épaminondas). Le dernier paragraphe propose les remarques finales. L’analyse des techniques de persuasion adoptées par les émissaires thébains explique que l’ambassadeur de Thèbes n’était pas seulement un grand orateur mais aussi un historien qualifié et un homme politique très habile., Tuci Paolo A. The Speeches of Theban Ambassadors in Greek Literature (404-362 B.C.). In: Ktèma : civilisations de l'Orient, de la Grèce et de Rome antiques, N°44, 2019. pp. 33-52.

Published
2019

50. Catilina legatus. Considerazioni su un discusso frammento sallustiano

Author

Urso, Gianpaolo, Février, Carole, Ausonius-Institut de recherche sur l'Antiquité et le Moyen âge, Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt)

Subjects
Sulla, Catilina, Salluste, Sylla, 16. Peace & justice, Pompée, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Pompey, [SHS.HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Catiline, [SHS.CLASS] Humanities and Social Sciences/Classical studies, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, Q. Lutatius Catulus (cos. 78), [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, [SHS.CLASS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Classical studies, Sallust
Abstract

A fragment of Sallust’s Histories mentions a siege led by L. Catilina legatus. The episode has long been ascribed to the civil war of 83-82, or to the subsequent operations in Italy. This paper aims to reassess the problem. It begins by considering the content of the first book of the Histories and some false assumptions which undermine most modern reconstructions, then argues that the most probable context of the siege is the tumultus Lepidi of 78-77. If so, Catiline would have been legatus of Catulus or Pompey, Sullanae dominationis duces atque signiferi., Un fragment des Histoires de Salluste évoque un siège mené par L. Catilina legatus. Cet épisode a été attribué pendant longtemps à la guerre civile de 83-82 ou aux opérations en Italie qui s’ensuivirent. Cet article vise à réexaminer le problème, en tenant compte du contenu du premier livre des Histoires et de certains faux présupposés qui caractérisent plusieurs reconstructions modernes. Il propose d’identifier le contexte le plus probable de ce siège avec le tumultus Lepidi de 78-77. Si cette hypothèse est plausible, Catilina aurait été legatus de Catulus ou de Pompée, Sullanae dominationis duces atque signiferi., Urso Gianpaolo. Catilina legatus. Considerazioni su un discusso frammento sallustiano. In: Ktèma : civilisations de l'Orient, de la Grèce et de Rome antiques, N°44, 2019. pp. 197-207.

Published
2019

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