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5,175 results on '"Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales"'

1. Face Analysis Under Uncontrolled Conditions: From Face Detection to Expression Recognition

Author: Allaert, Benjamin, Belmonte, Romain, Bilasco, Ioan Marius, Tirilly, Pierre, Djeraba, Chaabane, Centre for Digital Systems (CERI SN - IMT Nord Europe), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Nord Europe), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Université de Lille, FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), and Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.2: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.4: IMAGE PROCESSING AND COMPUTER VISION, [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

2. 2D versus 3D Convolutional Spiking Neural Networks Trained with Unsupervised STDP for Human Action Recognition

Author: El-Assal, Mireille, Tirilly, Pierre, Bilasco, Ioan Marius, FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), and Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, action classification, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), spiking neural networks, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, convolution, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], unsupervised learning, spatiotemporal, STDP
Abstract: Current advances in technology have highlighted the importance of video analysis in the domain of computer vision. However, video analysis has considerably high computational costs with traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs). Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are third generation biologically plausible models that process the information in the form of spikes. Unsupervised learning with SNNs using the spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP) rule has the potential to overcome some bottlenecks of regular artificial neural networks, but STDP-based SNNs are still immature and their performance is far behind that of ANNs. In this work, we study the performance of SNNs when challenged with the task of human action recognition, because this task has many real-time applications in computer vision, such as video surveillance. In this paper we introduce a multi-layered 3D convolutional SNN model trained with unsupervised STDP. We compare the performance of this model to those of a 2D STDP-based SNN when challenged with the KTH and Weizmann datasets. We also compare single-layer and multi-layer versions of these models in order to get an accurate assessment of their performance. We show that STDP-based convolutional SNNs can learn motion patterns using 3D kernels, thus enabling motion-based recognition from videos. Finally, we give evidence that 3D convolution is superior to 2D convolution with STDP-based SNNs, especially when dealing with long video sequences., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2105.14740 by other authors
Published: 2022

3. A comparative study on Optical Flow for Facial Expression Analysis

Author: Allaert, Benjamin, Ward, Isaac Ronald, Bilasco, Ioan Marius, Djeraba, Chaabane, Bennamoun, Mohammed, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Nord Europe), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre for Digital Systems (CERI SN - IMT Nord Europe), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and The University of Western Australia (UWA)
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Neuroscience, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Computer Science Applications
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

4. Coping Strategies Regarding Coastal Flooding Risk in a Context of Climate Change in a French Caribbean Island

Author: Denis Mercier, Ghozlane Fleury-Bahi, Marie Coquet, Oscar Navarro, Delphine Rommel, Colin Lemée, Aurore Deledalle, Nathalie Krien, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Unité de Recherche en Sciences Cognitives et Affectives (URECA), Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France, Université de Nantes (UN), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU), and PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Caribbean island, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Vulnerability, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Climate change, Context (language use), [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 02 engineering and technology, Place attachment, 01 natural sciences, Risk perception, Geography, 13. Climate action, Coastal flood, Environmental planning, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Coastal flooding risks are becoming increasingly important because of the increasing vulnerability of coastal territories and the rise of ocean levels in relation to climate change. Studying the adaptation to these phenomena requires taking into account the coping strategies (problem-focused or emotional-focused coping) implemented by the inhabitants of the exposed territories. A theoretical model of situational and dispositional factors determining these strategies has been proposed and tested empirically with 583 inhabitants of the island of Guadeloupe, which is exposed to said coastal flooding risk. The fit index confirms the adequacy of the model. The results indicate that coastal flooding risk perception, difficulties to regulate emotions, and place attachment predict avoidance coping. Vigilant coping is only predicted by perceived action efficiency. The roles of duration of residence and distance from the sea have been highlighted.
Published: 2020

5. Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition under Partial Occlusion with Optical Flow Reconstruction

Author: Mohammed Bennamoun, Delphine Poux, Chaabane Djeraba, Ioan Marius Bilasco, Nacim Ihaddadene, Benjamin Allaert, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Nord Europe), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre for Digital Systems (CERI SN - IMT Nord Europe), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and The University of Western Australia (UWA)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Similarity (geometry), Computer science, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Optical flow, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Optic Flow, 02 engineering and technology, Task (project management), Occlusion, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Computer vision, Protocol (object-oriented programming), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, Basis (linear algebra), business.industry, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Expression (mathematics), Face (geometry), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, business, Facial Recognition, Algorithms, Software
Abstract: Video facial expression recognition is useful for many applications and received much interest lately. Although some solutions give really good results in a controlled environment (no occlusion), recognition in the presence of partial facial occlusion remains a challenging task. To handle occlusions, solutions based on the reconstruction of the occluded part of the face have been proposed. These solutions are mainly based on the texture or the geometry of the face. However, the similarity of the face movement between different persons doing the same expression seems to be a real asset for the reconstruction. In this paper we exploit this asset and propose a new solution based on an auto-encoder with skip connections to reconstruct the occluded part of the face in the optical flow domain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first proposition to directly reconstruct the movement for facial expression recognition. We validated our approach in the controlled dataset CK+ on which different occlusions were generated. Our experiments show that the proposed method reduce significantly the gap, in terms of recognition accuracy, between occluded and non-occluded situations. We also compare our approach with existing state-of-the-art solutions. In order to lay the basis of a reproducible and fair comparison in the future, we also propose a new experimental protocol that includes occlusion generation and reconstruction evaluation.
Published: 2021

6. Public Spending Interactions and Local Politics: Empirical Evidence from French Municipalities

Author: Martial Foucault, Sonia Paty, Thierry Madiès, Centre de recherches politiques de Sciences Po (CEVIPOF), Sciences Po (Sciences Po)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique (GATE), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en économie et management (CREM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Département de science politique (DSP), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre de recherches politiques de Sciences Po (Sciences Po, CNRS) (CEVIPOF), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thierry Madies, Sonia Paty, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, Economic growth, Spending interactions, Sociology and Political Science, media_common.quotation_subject, Wage, spending interactions, Public spending, Politics, 0502 economics and business, 050602 political science & public administration, Economics, local government, 050207 economics, Empirical evidence, Dynamic panel data, media_common, Estimation, économétrie spatiale, 05 social sciences, Investment (macroeconomics), [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, 0506 political science, dépenses publiques locales, Local government, 8. Economic growth, Demographic economics, dynamic panel data, France, concurrence fiscale, collectivités locales, Public finance, Panel data
Abstract: International audience; This paper aims at testing whether there exist spending interactions between French municipalities by estimating a dynamic panel data model. Our results suggest that there are some interactions between neighbouring municipalities as regards primary and investment expenditures. A positive relationship between municipalities' wage bill and unemployment rates is likely to stress a rise of temporary employment in those municipalities that suffer from social troubles. Further, the estimation results show that these interdependences also exist between cities whose mayors have the same partisan affiliation. Finally, our results confirm the opportunistic behaviour of local governments, which increase all categories of public spending in pre-electoral periods.
Published: 2021

7. Standardized next-generation sequencing of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene recombinations for MRD marker identification in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; a EuroClonality-NGS validation study

Author: Brüggemann, Monika, Kotrova, Michaela, Knecht, Henrik, Bartram, Jack, Boudjogrha, Myriam, Bystry, Vojtech, Fazio, Grazia, Froňková, Eva, Giraud, Mathieu, Grioni, Andrea, Hancock, Jeremy, Herrmann, Dietrich, Jimenez, Cristina, Krejci, Adam, Moppett, John, Reigl, Tomas, Salson, Mikaël, Scheijen, Blanca, Schwarz, Martin, Songia, Simona, Svaton, Michael, van Dongen, Jacques, Villarese, Patrick, Wakeman, Stephanie, Wright, Gary, Cazzaniga, Giovanni, Davi, Frédéric, García-Sanz, Ramón, Davi, David, Groenen, Patricia, Hummel, Michael, Macintyre, Elizabeth, Stamatopoulos, Kostas, Pott, Christiane, Trka, Jan, Darzentas, Nikos, Langerak, Anton, Gonzalez, David, Bruggemann, M, Kotrova, M, Knecht, H, Bartram, J, Boudjogrha, M, Bystry, V, Fazio, G, Fronkova, E, Giraud, M, Grioni, A, Hancock, J, Herrmann, D, Jimenez, C, Krejci, A, Moppett, J, Reigl, T, Salson, M, Scheijen, B, Schwarz, M, Songia, S, Svaton, M, van Dongen, J, Villarese, P, Wakeman, S, Wright, G, Cazzaniga, G, Davi, F, Garcia-Sanz, R, Gonzalez, D, Groenen, P, Hummel, M, Macintyre, E, Stamatopoulos, K, Pott, C, Trka, J, Darzentas, N, Langerak, A, Immunology, University Medical Center of Schleswig–Holstein = Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague (CLIP), University Hospital Motol [Prague], Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille (CRIStAL) - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Centrale de Lille, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Bioinformatics and Sequence Analysis (BONSAI), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Liebherr-Werk Nenzing GmbH, Department of Immunology, Laboratory of molecular mechanisms of hematologic disorders and therapeutic implications (ERL 8254 - Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bristol Genetics Laboratory, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children [London] (GOSH), Service d'Hématologie Clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Haematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Hematology Department and University Pierre et Marie Curie, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France, Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden, University Hospital Schleswig–Holstein, Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, Charles University [Prague], Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Department of Paediatric Haematology, Department of Hematology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein [Kiel, Germany], Service d'Hématologie clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Central European Institute of Technology [Brno] (CEITEC MU), Brno University of Technology [Brno] (BUT), Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Clinica Pediatrica, Ospedale S. Gerardo-Ospedale S. Gerardo, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bristol Genetics Laboratory (Southmead Hospital), Southmead Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Pediatric Haematology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Department of Pathology [Nijmegen], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie Pédiatrique (CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Institute of Applied Biosciences, Thessaloniki, Greece., Charles University [Prague] (CU), Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Genetic Markers, 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Neoplasm, Residual, Cancer development and immune defence Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 2], Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Immunoglobulins, Computational biology, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 9], Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte, Article, DNA sequencing, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetics research, Multiplex polymerase chain reaction, Humans, Cancer genetics, Recombination, Genetic, Sanger sequencing, minimal residual disease, next generation sequencing immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor, Genes, Immunoglobulin, biology, Computational Biology, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Reproducibility of Results, [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Hematology, Gene rearrangement, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, Reference Standards, Amplicon, Minimal residual disease, 3. Good health, Genes, T-Cell Receptor, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, symbols, biology.protein, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Antibody, Primer (molecular biology)
Abstract: International audience; Amplicon-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) of immunoglobulin (IG) and T-cell receptor (TR) gene rearrangements for clonality assessment, marker identification and quantification of minimal residual disease (MRD) in lymphoid neoplasms has been the focus of intense research, development and application. However, standardization and validation in a scientifically controlled multicentre setting is still lacking. Therefore, IG/TR assay development and design, including bioinformatics, was performed within the EuroClonality-NGS working group and validated for MRD marker identification in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Five EuroMRD ALL reference laboratories performed IG/TR NGS in 50 diagnostic ALL samples, and compared results with those generated through routine IG/TR Sanger sequencing. A central polytarget quality control (cPT-QC) was used to monitor primer performance, and a central in-tube quality control (cIT-QC) was spiked into each sample as a library-specific quality control and calibrator. NGS identified 259 (average 5.2/sample, range 0–14) clonal sequences vs. Sanger-sequencing 248 (average 5.0/sample, range 0–14). NGS primers covered possible IG/TR rearrangement types more completely compared with local multiplex PCR sets and enabled sequencing of bi-allelic rearrangements and weak PCR products. The cPT-QC showed high reproducibility across all laboratories. These validated and reproducible quality-controlled EuroClonality-NGS assays can be used for standardized NGS-based identification of IG/TR markers in lymphoid malignancies.
Published: 2019

8. Is a Frequency Effect Observed in Eye Movements During Text Reading? A Comparison Between Developing and Expert Readers

Author: Rachid Khelifi, Séverine Casalis, Laurent Sparrow, Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 [SCALab], Unité de Recherche en Sciences Cognitives et Affectives (URECA), Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France, Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives (SCALab) - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, and Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab)
Subjects: 4. Education, Spatial ability, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, Eye movement, Frequency effect, Text reading, 050105 experimental psychology, Education, Word lists by frequency, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Psychology (miscellaneous), Psychology, 0503 education, Reading skills, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; In their paper, Kolinski and Morais argue that learning to read shapes cognition, modifying, for example the way we process oral language and we reason. From the learning to read point of view, this perspective has led to a refinement of our approach of causality in reading impairment such as dyslexia. As a result, numerous so-called prerequesites of reading vanished as potentials determinants of reading achievement and one might wonder what remains. I argue that this approach should be generalized to more fields than phonological skills, in order to clearly identify the determinants of reading achievement. Simultaneously, the issue of determinants should include all the reading impairment profiles, not only the specific ones, both to allow a comprehensive view and to develop efficient prevention strategies. Que reste-t-il des déterminants de l'apprentissage de la lecture ? RÉSUMÉ Dans cet article, Kolinski et Morais défendent le point de vue selon lequel l'apprentissage de la lecture façonne la cognition, modifiant, par exemple, la façon dont nous traitons le langage oral et nous raisonnons. Du point de vue de l'apprentissage de la lecture, cette perspective a conduit à une grande amélioration de notre approche de la causalité dans les troubles de la lecture tels que la dyslexie. Ainsi, de nombreux soit-disants prérequis de lecture ont-ils perdu leur statut de déterminants potentiels de la réussite en lecture, et on peut se demander ce qu'il reste comme déterminants. J'avance que cette approche doit être généralisée à d'autres champs que celui des habiletés phonologiques, afin d'identifier claire-ment ce qui reste potentiellement déterminant. Simultanément, la question des déterminants de lecture doit inclure tous les profils de lecteurs en difficultés, pas uniquement les troubles spécifiques, de façon à aboutir à une vue globale et d'adopter des stratégies efficaces de prévention. L'année psychologique/Topics in Cognitive Psychology, 2018, 118, 403-410
Published: 2019

9. Head Pose Estimation Using a Texture Model Based on Gabor Wavelets

Author: Jean Martinet, Adel Lablack, Chabane Djeraba, Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Adam Herout
Subjects: Contextual image classification, Pixel, Human head, Computer science, business.industry, Feature vector, [INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], Gabor wavelet, Supervised learning, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Support vector machine, ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, business, Pose, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Head pose estimation from a monocular camera or a simple image is a challenging topic. It is the process of inferring the orientation of a human head from digital imagery. Several processing steps are performed in order to transform a pixel-based representation of the head into a high-level concept of direction. The head pose is important in a lot of domains like human-computer interfaces, video conferencing or driver monitoring. Head pose estimation is often linked with visual gaze estimation (Lablack et al., 2009) which is the ability to characterize the direction and focus of attention of a person looking to a poster (Smith et al., 2008) or to another person during meeting scenarios (Voit & Stiefelhagen, 2008) for example. The head pose provides a coarse indication of the gaze that can be estimated in situations when the eyes of a person are not visible (like low-resolution imagery, or in the presence of eye-occluding objects like sunglasses). When the eyes are visible, head pose becomes a requirement to accurately predict gaze direction (Valenti et al., 2009). The aim of our work is to analyze the behaviour of the people passing in front of a target scene (Lablack & Djeraba, 2008) in order to extract the person's location of interest. The success of this kind of system highly depends upon a correct estimation of the head pose. In this paper, we present a template based approach which considers the head pose estimation as an image classification problem. Thus, the Pointing database (Gourier et al., 2004) has been used to build and test our head pose model. The feature vectors of different persons taken at the same pose will serve to learn a head pose classifier. The texture model is learned from feature vectors composed of the properties extracted from the real, imaginary and magnitude response of Gabor wavelets (due to the evolution of the head pose in orientation) and singular Value decomposition (SVD). The head pose estimation is then applied on the testing dataset. Finally, the classification accuracy is compared to the state of the art results that used the Pointing database. The paper is organized as follows. First, we highlight in Section 2 relevant works in head pose estimation. We then describe the method used for the head pose estimation and the database associated in Section 3. Sections 4 and 5 provide two representations of feature vectors extracted from SVD and the 3 different responses of Gabor wavelets. We apply on them two supervised learning SVM and KNN and the Frobenius distance. We discuss the 18
Published: 2021

10. Une analyse socioéconomique de la pauvreté laborieuse des mères seules. Définitions et précisions des catégories mobilisées

Author: Lanseman, Oriane, Centre Lillois d’Études et de Recherches Sociologiques et Économiques - UMR 8019 (CLERSÉ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Service Commun de la Documentation - Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SCD), and Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

11. Is there a ‘pig cycle' in the labour supply of doctors? How training and immigration policies respond to physician shortages

Author: Yasser Moullan, Xavier Chojnicki, Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Documentation en Economie de la Santé (IRDES), Institut de la Recherche et Documentation en Economie de la Santé, International Migration Institute (IMI), University of Oxford [Oxford], Centre d'Économie et de Management de l'Océan Indien (CEMOI), Université de La Réunion (UR), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and University of Oxford
Subjects: Labour economics, Health (social science), Medical graduates, media_common.quotation_subject, Immigration, Economic shortage, Public Policy, Physician shortages, Training (civil), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, History and Philosophy of Science, Immigration policy, Physicians, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Foreign Medical Graduates, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, Schools, Medical, media_common, 030503 health policy & services, Developed Countries, International migration of doctors, Emigration and Immigration, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Term (time), Emigration, Labour supply, 8. Economic growth, Medical training, Foreign-trained physicians, Business, 0305 other medical science
Abstract: International audience; Many OECD countries are faced with the considerable challenge of a physician shortage. This paper investigates the strategies that OECD governments adopt and determines whether these policies effectively address these medical shortages. Due to the amount of time medical training requires, it takes longer for an expansion in medical school capacity to have an effect than the recruitment of foreign-trained physicians. Using data obtained from the OECD (2014) and Bhargava et al. (2011), we constructed a unique country-level panel dataset that includes annual data for 17 OECD countries on physician shortages, the number of medical school graduates and immigration and emigration rates from 1991 to 2004. By calculating panel fixed-effect estimates, we find that after a period of medical shortages, OECD governments produce more medical graduates in the long run but in the short term, they primarily recruit from abroad; however, at the same time, certain practising physicians choose to emigrate. Simulation results show the limits of recruiting only abroad in the long term but also highlight its appropriateness for the short term when there is a recurrent cycle of shortages/surpluses in the labour supply of physicians (pig cycle theory).
Published: 2021

12. A Study On the Effects of Pre-processing On Spatio-temporal Action Recognition Using Spiking Neural Networks Trained with STDP

Author: Pierre Tirilly, Ioan Marius Bilasco, Mireille El-Assal, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer science, SVM, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), Feature extraction, Computer Science::Neural and Evolutionary Computation, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, STDP, optical flow, Spiking neural network, I.5.0, pre-processing, Network architecture, action recognition, spatio-temporal features, Artificial neural network, Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition, business.industry, I.4.7, sequence preparation, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Pattern recognition, I.4.8, Visualization, spiking neural networks, Pattern recognition (psychology), Unsupervised learning, Artificial intelligence, business, temporal fusion, Coding (social sciences)
Abstract: International audience; There has been an increasing interest in spiking neural networks in recent years. SNNs are seen as hypothetical solutions for the bottlenecks of ANNs in pattern recognition, such as energy efficiency. But current methods such as ANN-to-SNN conversion and back-propagation do not take full advantage of these networks, and unsupervised methods have not yet reached a success comparable to advanced artificial neural networks. It is important to study the behavior of SNNs trained with unsupervised learning methods such as spiketiming dependent plasticity (STDP) on video classification tasks, including mechanisms to model motion information using spikes, as this information is critical for video understanding. This paper presents multiple methods of transposing temporal information into a static format, and then transforming the visual information into spikes using latency coding. These methods are paired with two types of temporal fusion known as early and late fusion, and are used to help the spiking neural network in capturing the spatio-temporal features from videos. In this paper, we rely on the network architecture of a convolutional spiking neural network trained with STDP, and we test the performance of this network when challenged with action recognition tasks. Understanding how a spiking neural network responds to different methods of movement extraction and representation can help reduce the performance gap between SNNs and ANNs. In this paper we show the effect of the similarity in the shape and speed of certain actions on action recognition with spiking neural networks, we also highlight the effectiveness of some methods compared to others.
Published: 2021
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13. Non-parametric statistical analysis of spatially distributed functional data

Author: Dabo-Niang, Sophie, Ternynck, Camille, Thiam, Baba, Yao, Anne-Françoise, Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Ramon Giraldo, Jorge Mateu, Celet, Isabelle, MOdel for Data Analysis and Learning ( MODAL ), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé - UMR 8524 ( LPP ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Santé publique : épidémiologie et qualité des soins-EA 2694 ( CERIM ), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ) -Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ) -Polytech Lille-Université de Lille 1, IUT’A, Lille - Economie et Management ( LEM ), Université catholique de Lille ( UCL ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie ( EQUIPPE ), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Laboratoire de Mathématiques de Versailles ( LMV ), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ), Laboratoire de MicrobiologiE de Géochimie et d'Ecologie Marines ( LMGEM ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ramon Giraldo (éd.), Jorge Mateu (éd.), MOdel for Data Analysis and Learning (MODAL), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-École polytechnique universitaire de Lille (Polytech Lille), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Paul Painlevé - UMR 8524 (LPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), and Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-École polytechnique universitaire de Lille (Polytech Lille)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies
Subjects: [ MATH ] Mathematics [math], [SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics, [SHS.STAT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics, [ MATH.MATH-ST ] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

14. Real-time visio-haptic interaction with static soft tissue model shaving geometric and material nonlinearity

Author: Cagatay Basdogan, Ludk Matyska, Mert Sedef, Igor Peterlik, Simulation in Healthcare using Computer Research Advances (SHACRA), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Koç University
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, Stability (probability), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Computer Science - Graphics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Simulation, Haptic technology, Stiffness matrix, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, Image and Video Processing (eess.IV), General Engineering, 020207 software engineering, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Finite element method, Graphics (cs.GR), Human-Computer Interaction, Nonlinear system, A priori and a posteriori, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Configuration space, Algorithm, Interpolation
Abstract: Realistic soft tissue models running in real-time are required for the development of computer-based surgical training systems. To construct a realistic soft tissue model, finite element (FE) modeling techniques are preferred over the particle-based techniques since the material properties can be integrated directly into the FE model to provide more accurate visual and haptic feedback to a user during the simulations. However, running even a static (time-independent) nonlinear FE model in real-time is a highly challenging task because the resulting stiffness matrix (K) is not constant and varies with the depth of penetration into the model. We propose a new computational approach allowing visio-haptic interaction with an FE model of a human liver having both nonlinear geometric and material properties. Our computational approach consists of two main steps: a pre-computation of the configuration space of all deformation configurations of the model, followed by the interpolation of the precomputed data for the calculation of the nodal displacements and reaction forces that are displayed to the user during the real-time interactions through a visual display and a haptic device, respectively. For the implementation of the proposed approach, no a priori assumptions or modeling simplifications about the mathematical complexity of the underlying soft tissue model, size and irregularity of the FE mesh are necessary. Moreover, it turns out that the deformation and force responses of the liver in the simulations are heavily influenced by the selected simulation parameters, such as the material model, boundary conditions and loading path, but the stability of the visual and haptic rendering in our approach does not depend on these parameters. In addition to showing the stability of our approach, the length of the precomputations as well as the accuracy of the interpolation scheme are evaluated for different interpolation functions and configuration space densities.
Published: 2021
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15. Printgets: an Open-Source Toolbox for Designing Vibrotactile Widgets with Industrial-Grade Printed Actuators and Sensors

Author: Christian Frisson, Julien Decaudin, Mario Sanz Lopez, Thomas Pietrzak, Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Technology and knowledge for interaction (LOKI), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service transfert pour l'innovation et partenariats (STIP), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Deformable Robots Simulation Team (DEFROST ), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, European Project: 645145,H2020 Pilier Industrial Leadership,H2020-ICT-2014-1,HAPPINESS(2015), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille (CRIStAL) - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Centrale de Lille, Computing tools to empower users (MJOLNIR), Simulation in Healthcare using Computer Research Advances (SHACRA), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Inria Nancy - Grand Est, CRIStAL CNRS UMR 9189, Centrale Lille, 59651 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille (CRIStAL) - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Centrale de Lille, Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory [IDMIL], Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique [Inria], Technology and knowledge for interaction [LOKI], Computing tools to empower users [MJOLNIR], Simulation in Healthcare using Computer Research Advances [SHACRA], Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 [CRIStAL], and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe
Subjects: ACM: B.: Hardware/B.4: INPUT/OUTPUT AND DATA COMMUNICATIONS/B.4.2: Input/Output Devices, ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI), ACM: H.: Information Systems, InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.,HCI), ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.2: User Interfaces, ACM: B.: Hardware/B.4: INPUT/OUTPUT AND DATA COMMUNICATIONS, ACM: B.: Hardware, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.2: User Interfaces/H.5.2.5: Haptic I/O
Abstract: International audience; New technologies for printing sensors and actuators combine the flexibility of interface layouts of touchscreens with localized vibrotactile feedback, but their fabrication still requires industrial-grade facilities. Until these technologies become easily replicable, interaction designers need material for ideation. We propose an open-source hardware and software toolbox providing maker-grade tools for iterative design of vibrotactile widgets with industrial-grade printed sensors and actuators. Our hardware toolbox provides a mechanical structure to clamp and stretch printed sheets, and electronic boards to drive sensors and actuators. Our software toolbox expands the design space of haptic interaction techniques by reusing the wide palette of available audio processing algorithms to generate real-time vibrotactile signals. We validate our toolbox with the implementation of three exemplar interface elements with tactile feedback: buttons, sliders, touchpads.
Published: 2020

16. Improving STDP-based Visual Feature Learning with Whitening

Author: Ioan Marius Bilasco, Pierre Falez, Pierre Tirilly, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer science, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), Feature extraction, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 02 engineering and technology, Machine Learning (cs.LG), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Spiking neural network, Artificial neural network, Contextual image classification, business.industry, Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Pattern recognition, Unsupervised learning, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, business, Feature learning, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MNIST database
Abstract: In recent years, spiking neural networks (SNNs) emerge as an alternative to deep neural networks (DNNs). SNNs present a higher computational efficiency – using low-power neuromorphic hardware – and require less labeled data for training – using local and unsupervised learning rules such as spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP). SNNs have proven their effectiveness in image classification on simple datasets such as MNIST. However, to process natural images, a pre-processing step is required. Difference-of-Gaussians (DoG) filtering is typically used together with on-center / off-center coding, but it results in a loss of information that decreases the classification performance. In this paper, we propose to use whitening as a pre-processing step before learning features with STDP. Experiments on CIFAR-10 show that whitening allows STDP to learn visual features that are visually closer to the ones learned with standard neural networks, with a significantly increased classification performance as compared to DoG filtering. We also propose an approximation of whitening as convolution kernels that is computationally cheaper to learn and more suited to be implemented on neuromorphic hardware. Experiments on CIFAR-10 show that it performs similarly to regular whitening. Cross-dataset experiments on CIFAR-10 and STL-10 also show that it is stable across datasets, making it possible to learn a single whitening transformation to process different datasets.
Published: 2020

17. Training LSTM for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection Without A Priori Knowledge

Author: Renaud Pawlak, Paul de Kerret, Yann Cherdo, Laboratoire d'Electronique, Antennes et Télécommunications (LEAT), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Renault Software Lab, Weaving of Software Components (JACQUARD), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)
Subjects: Artificial neural network, Computer science, business.industry, Deep learning, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Recurrent neural network, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Unsupervised learning, A priori and a posteriori, Anomaly detection, Artificial intelligence, Anomaly (physics), business, computer
Abstract: Unsupervised anomaly detection on time-series is widespread in the industry and an active research topic. Recently, impressive results have been obtained by leveraging the progresses of deep learning, and in particular through the use of Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks. Yet, latest state-of-the-art unsupervised LSTM-based solutions still require a priori knowledge about normality as they need to train the model on time-series without any anomaly. In contrast, we propose a novel anomaly detector, coined as LSTM-Decomposed (LSTM-D), that does not require this normality knowledge. More specifically, we pre-process the timeseries with a spectral based information reduction such that the LSTM-based detector receiving the time-series becomes less likely to learn the anomaly, and hence miss its detection. We motivate our intuitions through simple examples and verify the performance improvement with respect to state-of-the-art solutions in a reference and publicly available data set.
Published: 2020

18. The social representations of climate change: comparison of two territories exposed to the coastal flooding risk

Author: Mambet Doue, Constance, Navarro Carrascal, Oscar, Restrepo, Diego, Krien, Nathalie, Rommel, Delphine, Lemée, Colin, Coquet, Marie, Mercier, Denis, Fleury-Bahi, Ghozlane, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Unité de Recherche en Sciences Cognitives et Affectives (URECA), Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU), and PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales
Subjects: [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

19. L'informatique, objets d'enseignements -enjeux epistémologiques, didactiques et de formation. Editorial des actes du colloque

Author: Caron, Pierre-André, Fluckiger, Cédric, Marquet, Philippe, Peter, Yvan, Secq, Yann, Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Théodile-CIREL, Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche en Education de Lille - ULR 4354 (CIREL), Université de Lille-Université de Lille, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nouveaux Outils pour La Coopération et l'Education (NOCE), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education
Abstract: International audience; Le colloque Didapro-Didastic 8 rend compte de l'évolution de l'enseignement de l'informatique, au moment où la France remet en place options et spécialités dans le secondaire et préconise des enseignements dès l'école primaire. D'autres pays connaissent des enseignements de plus longue date et le colloque, dans la continuité des précédents, permet de croiser tant les expériences que les recherches sur ces enseignements. Mots-clé : didactique, informatique, numérique, enseignements sco-laires 1Évolutions curriculaires,évolutions de la recherche Le colloque Didapro-Didastic 8 est organisé, début 2020,à un moment charnière pour l'enseignement de l'informatique. Depuis quelques années, no-tamment en France, de nouvelles options et spécialités ontété créées au niveau lycée et 2020 sera la première année d'un tout nouveau concours de recrutement d'enseignants (CAPES). Ces enseignements posent un certain nombre de problèmes,à tous les ni-veaux :-dès le primaire, où des enseignements liés aux usages ouà l'algorithmique et la robotique sont prescrits ;-dans le secondaire, avec la construction de ressources pédagogiques, ou la nécessité d'une meilleure compréhension des obstacles didactiques pour lesélèves ;-ou dans le supérieur qui a en charge la formation des enseignants. Il n'est guère surprenant que parallèlementà cette présence plus grande de l'informatique, entendue dans un sens large, dans l'enseignement, les colloques Didapro-Didastic témoignent d'une réaffirmation plus nette de préoccupations didactiques concernant l'informatique. Il ne s'agit plus désormais uniquement de décrire des activités instrumentées, mais bien de comprendre les processus d'enseignement/apprentissage spécifiques lorsqu'on enseigne (et qu'on apprend) de l'informatique.
Published: 2020

20. Kernel regression estimation with errors-in-variables for random fields

Author: Baba Thiam, Sophie Dabo-Niang, MOdel for Data Analysis and Learning (MODAL), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-École polytechnique universitaire de Lille (Polytech Lille), Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Laboratoire Paul Painlevé - UMR 8524 (LPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, and Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies
Subjects: Estimation, Random field, Observational error, General Mathematics, 05 social sciences, Estimator, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, 010104 statistics & probability, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], 0502 economics and business, Convergence (routing), Applied mathematics, Errors-in-variables models, Kernel regression, 0101 mathematics, 050205 econometrics, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we investigate kernel regression estimation when the data are contaminated by measurement errors in the context of random fields. We establish sharp rate of weak and strong convergence of the kernel regression estimator under both the ordinary smooth and super-smooth assumptions. Numerical studies were carried out in order to illustrate the performance of the estimator with simulated data.
Published: 2020

21. Implementing Quality to Assess the Performance of the Educational System: A Preliminary Case Study at the Libyan University

Author: AL GHAWIEL, SAID, Service Commun de la Documentation - Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SCD), Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales, Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche en Education de Lille - ULR 4354 (CIREL), and Université de Lille
Subjects: [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Higher Education, Evaluation, Libyan Educational System, Quality
Abstract: International audience; This article proposes an overview of higher education systems that have adopted a performance-based evaluation model. Our theoretical approach offers some primary concepts related to the field of evaluation and performance. A particular emphasis is placed on the idea of quality that is realised through increased research into quality control and compliance with quality standards within higher education. We have based this on a qualitative survey carried out in Libya, where this evaluation model has been implemented in higher education and which is aiming for an improvement in the academic success of students and a better standing in international rankings.
Published: 2020

22. Recommendations for Evolving Relational Databases

Author: Stéphane Ducasse, Anne Etien, Julien Delplanque, Nicolas Anquetil, Analyses and Languages Constructs for Object-Oriented Application Evolution (RMOD), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille (CRIStAL) - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Centrale de Lille, Contributions of the Data parallelism to real time (DART), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)
Subjects: SQL, [INFO.INFO-PL]Computer Science [cs]/Programming Languages [cs.PL], Information retrieval, Impact analysis, Plain text, Computer science, Relational database, Database schema, InformationSystems_DATABASEMANAGEMENT, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], 02 engineering and technology, computer.file_format, computer.software_genre, Article, Relational database management system, 020204 information systems, Schema (psychology), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Information system, Stored procedure, Semi-automatic evolution, computer, Meta-model, computer.programming_language
Abstract: International audience; Relational databases play a central role in many information systems. Their schemas contain structural and behavioral entity descriptions. Databases must continuously be adapted to new requirements of a world in constant change while: (1) relational database management systems (RDBMS) do not allow inconsistencies in the schema; (2) stored procedure bodies are not meta-described in RDBMS such as PostgreSQL that consider their bodies as plain text. As a consequence , evaluating the impact of an evolution of the database schema is cumbersome , being essentially manual. We present a semi-automatic approach based on recommendations that can be compiled into a SQL patch fulfilling RDBMS constraints. To support recommendations, we designed a meta-model for relational databases easing computation of change impact. We performed an experiment to validate the approach by reproducing a real evolution on a database. The results of our experiment show that our approach can set the database in the same state as the one produced by the manual evolution in 75% less time.
Published: 2020

23. Long-run relationship between exports and imports: current account sustainability tests for the EU

Author: Florence Huart, Piotr Stanek, António Afonso, João Tovar Jalles, Banque Centrale Européenne (BCE), BCE, Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cracow University of Economics, and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, 050208 finance, Cointegration, 05 social sciences, Current account, Monetary economics, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Eu countries, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Exports, Imports, Goods and services, 8. Economic growth, 0502 economics and business, Sustainability, Unit roots, Economics, 050207 economics, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Abstract: We assess the sustainability of external imbalances for EU countries using panel stationarity tests of Current Account (CA) balance-to-GDP ratios and panel cointegration of exports and imports of goods and services, for the period 1970Q1– 2015Q4. We find that: i) the country panel is non-stationary; ii) cross-sectional dependence plays an important role; iii) there is non-stationarity of the CA, imports, and exports with cross-sectional panel dependence and multiple structural breaks; iv) however, there is a stable long-run relationship between exports and imports in the panel. Hence, trade imbalances can be less unsustainable but this is not sufficient to make current account imbalances sustainable. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2019

24. Multi-fidelity modeling using DGPs: Improvements and a generalization to varying input space dimensions

Author: Hebbal, Ali, Brevault, Loïc, Balesdent, Mathieu, Talbi, El-Ghazali, Melab, Nouredine, DTIS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), DTIS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Optimisation de grande taille et calcul large échelle (BONUS), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Parallel Cooperative Multi-criteria Optimization (DOLPHIN), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe
Subjects: [STAT]Statistics [stat], [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], INCERTITUDE, MODELE BAYESIEN, [MATH]Mathematics [math], DEEP GAUSSIAN PROCESS
Abstract: International audience; Multi-fidelity approaches improve the inference of a high-fidelity model which is constructed using a small set of accurate observations, by taking advantage of its correlations with a low-fidelity model built using a larger set of approximated data. Most existing multi-fidelity methods consider the inputs of the low and high fidelity models defined identically over the same input space. However, it happens that the low fidelity model variables are defined over a different space than the variables of the high fidelity model due to different modeling approaches i.e. input spaces with different dimensionality and different nature of the variables. Recently, Deep Gaussian Processes have been used to exhibit the correlations between the low and high fidelity models. In this paper, Deep Gaussian Processes for multi-fidelity (MF-DGP) are extended to the case where the input spaces of the low and high fidelity models are different. Moreover, the learning capacity of MF-DGP is improved by proposing an optimization approach for the inducing inputs and by using natural gradients for the variational distributions of the inducing variables which also allows time reduction in the training.
Published: 2019

25. Resilience of Interconnected Infrastructures and Systems: the RESIIST project

Author: Frederick Benaben, Alexis Muller, Valerie November, Nicolas Daclin, Matthieu Allon, Aurélia Bony-Dandrieux, Nicolas Salatge, Hélène Dolidon, Jérôme Tixier, Mickael Marechal, Blazho Nastov, Daouda Kamissoko, Bruno Barroca, Vincent Chapurlat, Centre Génie Industriel (CGI), IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Génie Informatique et Ingénierie de Production (LGI2P), IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques Industriels et Naturels (LGEI), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Gustave Eiffel, FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseaux, Institutions, Territoires (RIT), Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés (LATTS), and Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: System, Big Data, Computer science, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Big data, Decision Making, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 050801 communication & media studies, 02 engineering and technology, Virtual reality, Critical infrastructure, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0508 media and communications, 11. Sustainability, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Resilience (network), 021106 design practice & management, Critical Infrastructure, Resilience, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Virtual Reality, Risk analysis (engineering), Terrorism, Security, business, Simulation
Abstract: International audience; This paper introduces a methodology for resilience assessment of critical infrastructures based on massive data. The methodology is developed for the needs of the RESIIST research project. We start from the observation that the security of large cities has become a major issue. To ensure the proper functioning of critical infrastructures, it is essential to make the right decisions at the right time. To do this, managers are informed in their decision-making processes by several indicators such as resilience. As insecurity becomes more and more threatening with technological, natural and terrorist risks, it is essential to have an indicator of resilience of the infrastructures guaranteeing security. We therefore propose an innovative method of assessing resilience. It is innovative in that it combines both the genericity (it applies to all types of infrastructure), it takes into account several dimensions (economic, technical, social, human, regulatory etc.), it integrates massive data (from cameras, sensors, GIS, and social networks), it allows decision-making in an immersive environment in virtual reality.
Published: 2019

26. Impact of the face registration techniques on facial expressions recognition

Author: José Mennesson, Chabane Djeraba, Ioan Marius Bilasco, Benjamin Allaert, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Face hallucination, Head (linguistics), Computer science, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Large displacements, 02 engineering and technology, 050105 experimental psychology, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Three-dimensional face recognition, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Computer vision, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Facial expression, business.industry, Head pose variations, 05 social sciences, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Facial expressions, Facial expression recognition, Face registration, Signal Processing, Head movements, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artificial intelligence, business, Software
Abstract: International audience; Recent methodologies for facial expression recognition have been proposed and have obtained good results in near-frontal view. However, these situations do not fairly represent in-the-wild challenges, where expressions are natural and the subject is free of its movement. This is reflected in the accuracy drop of facial expression methods obtained on recent databases. Two challenges (head pose variations and large displacements) in facial expression recognition are studied in this paper. Experiments are proposed in order to quantify the impact of free head movements using representative expression recognition approaches (LBP, LBP-TOP, HOOF). We propose an experimental protocol (SNaP-2DFe) that records, under controlled light, facial expressions with two cameras: one attached on the head and one placed in front of the subject. As in both cameras facial expressions are the same, differences in performances measured on each camera show the impact of head pose variations and large displacements on the underlying recognition approach.
Published: 2018

27. Computing the equisingularity type of a pseudo-irreducible polynomial

Author: Adrien Poteaux, Martin Weimann, Calcul Formel (CALFOR), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Géométrie Algébrique et Applications à la Théorie de l'Information (GAATI), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), and Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Pure mathematics, Class (set theory), Plane curve, [MATH.MATH-AC]Mathematics [math]/Commutative Algebra [math.AC], 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Type (model theory), 01 natural sciences, Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::Algebraic Geometry, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, FOS: Mathematics, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH]Mathematics [math], Algebraic Geometry (math.AG), 14Q20, 12Y05, 13P05, 68W30, Computer Science::Databases, Mathematics, [INFO.INFO-SC]Computer Science [cs]/Symbolic Computation [cs.SC], Algebra and Number Theory, Mathematics::Commutative Algebra, Irreducible polynomial, Mathematics::Complex Variables, Applied Mathematics, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Discriminant, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Theory of computation, Gravitational singularity, [MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG], Valuation (measure theory)
Abstract: Germs of plane curve singularities can be classified accordingly to their equisingularity type. For singularities over C, this important data coincides with the topological class. In this paper, we characterise a family of singularities, containing irreducible ones, whose equisingularity type can be computed in quasi-linear time with respect to the discriminant valuation of a Weierstrass equation., 26 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1904.00286
Published: 2019

28. A quasi-linear irreducibility test in K[[x]][y]

Author: Poteaux, Adrien, Weimann, Martin, Calcul Formel (CALFOR), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Géométrie Algébrique et Applications à la Théorie de l'Information (GAATI), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF), and Weimann, Martin
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-SC]Computer Science [cs]/Symbolic Computation [cs.SC], Mathematics - Number Theory, [INFO.INFO-SC] Computer Science [cs]/Symbolic Computation [cs.SC], [MATH.MATH-AG] Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG], [MATH] Mathematics [math], [INFO] Computer Science [cs], Commutative Algebra (math.AC), Mathematics - Commutative Algebra, Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, FOS: Mathematics, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Number Theory (math.NT), [MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG], [MATH]Mathematics [math], Algebraic Geometry (math.AG), 14Q20, 12Y05, 13P05, 68W30
Abstract: We provide an irreducibility test in the ring K[[x]][y] whose complexity is quasi-linear with respect to the discriminant valuation, assuming the input polynomial F square-free and K a perfect field of characteristic zero or greater than deg(F). The algorithm uses the theory of approximate roots and may be seen as a generalisation of Abhyankhar's irreducibility criterion to the case of non algebraically closed residue fields., 29 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1904.00286
Published: 2019

29. Phases of Globalization, Wages and Inequality

Author: Joël Hellier, Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, 050208 finance, Inequality, Endowment, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, 1. No poverty, Purchasing power, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Globalization, 0502 economics and business, 8. Economic growth, European integration, Economics, Production (economics), Demographic economics, 050207 economics, Emerging markets, Productivity, media_common
Abstract: International audience; To analyse the globalization-wages-inequality relationship, we extend the North-South Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson (HOS) model by assuming (i) that the size of the South (emerging countries) increases over time, (ii) that the North (advanced countries) and the South have very different factor endowments, (iii) several northern and southern countries with different skill endowments, and (iv) North-South technological differences, productivity catching up and technological transfers. The model generates three phases of globalization, corresponding to different production patterns and to specific changes in inequality in the North and in the South. In the North, inequality continuously increases and unskilled workers purchasing power continuously decreases during the first phase of globalization, and inequality diverges across countries. In the South, very different profiles in terms of inequality dynamics are possible, depending on the country’s skill endowment and on the its technological gap with the North. Unlike the traditional North-South HOS approach, the model’s predictions fit with observed facts.
Published: 2019

30. How Borrowing Constraints Hinder Migration: Theoretical Insights from a Random Utility Maximization Model

Author: Léa Marchal, Claire Naiditch, Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé
Subjects: Estimation, Economics and Econometrics, Discrete choice, JEL: F - International Economics/F.F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business/F.F2.F22 - International Migration, financial constraint, 05 social sciences, Utility maximization, multilateral resistance to, JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O1 - Economic Development/O.O1.O15 - Human Resources • Human Development • Income Distribution • Migration, migration, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers/J.J6.J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility • Immigrant Workers, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C6 - Mathematical Methods • Programming Models • Mathematical and Simulation Modeling/C.C6.C63 - Computational Techniques • Simulation Modeling, Discrete choice model, 0502 economics and business, 8. Economic growth, Economics, Econometrics, 050207 economics, 050205 econometrics
Abstract: International audience; We provide a theoretical framework to analyze how financial constraints hinder migration. Introducing wealth heterogeneity and borrowing constraints into a random utility maximization model of migration, we find evidence of multilateral resistance to migration stemming from borrowing constraints. We calibrate the model on 22 European countries, and we show that omitting the constraints biases upward the estimation of bilateral migration rates. We then simulate an increase in the bilateral cost of migration to the United Kingdom. We find that omitting the constraints biases downward the change entailed by the cost increase in the bilateral rates of migration to all destinations.
Published: 2019

31. Enterprise Knowledge Modeling, UML vs Ontology: Formal Evaluation

Author: Christophe Nicolle, Meriem Mejhed Mkhinini, Ouassila Labbani, Connaissance et Intelligence Artificielle Distribuées [Dijon] (CIAD), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IEEE, Nedevschi, S., Potolea, R, Slavescu, RR, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: REPRESENTATION, Knowledge representation and reasoning, Computer science, business.industry, Intelligent decision support system, 02 engineering and technology, Ontology (information science), computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Knowledge modeling, Unified Modeling Language, Code refactoring, 020204 information systems, SIMILARITY, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Class diagram, Software engineering, business, computer, computer.programming_language, Semantic matching
Abstract: International audience; Everyday activities in enterprises rely heavily on the experts' know-how. Due to experts departure, the loss of expertise and knowledge is a reoccurring problem in these enterprises. Recently, in order to capture experts knowledge into intelligent systems, formal knowledge representation methods, such as ontologies, are being studied and have caught up with non-formal or semi-formal representation, such as UML. The similarities and differences between UML class diagram and computational ontology have for long raised questions about the possibility of synthesizing them in a common representation (usually an ontology). Indeed, the problem of migrating knowledge encoded in UML into an ontology is an active research domain. This paper outlines our approach, which is based on semantic matching between existing ontologies and a UML class diagram, to support UML driven ontology refactoring and engineering.
Published: 2019

32. Making sense of fake’s fickleness: The role of context

Author: Cappelle, Bert, Denis, Pascal, Keller, Mikaela, Université de Lille, Savoirs, Textes, Langage (STL) - UMR 8163 (STL), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Analyse Linguistique Profonde à Grande Echelle, Large-scale deep linguistic processing (ALPAGE), Inria Paris-Rocquencourt, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Modeling Tree Structures, Machine Learning, and Information Extraction (MOSTRARE), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)
Subjects: [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

33. Associated consistency, value and graphs

Author: Gérard Hamiache, Florian Navarro, Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, Economics and Econometrics, Series (mathematics), 05 social sciences, ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING, Consistency (knowledge bases), [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Shapley value, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Matrix (mathematics), Mathematics (miscellaneous), 0502 economics and business, 050206 economic theory, Limit (mathematics), Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Mathematical economics, Game theory, Value (mathematics), Social Sciences (miscellaneous), Axiom, 050205 econometrics, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; This article presents an axiomatic characterization of a new value for cooperative games with incomplete communication. The result is obtained by slight modifications of associated games proposed by Hamiache (Games Econ Behav 26:59–78, 1999; Int J Game Theory 30:279–289, 2001). This new associated game can be expressed as a matrix formula. We generate a series of successive associated games and show that its limit is an inessential game. Three axioms (associated consistency, inessential game, continuity) characterize a unique sharing rule. Combinatorial arguments and matrix tools provide a procedure to compute the solution. The new sharing rule coincides with the Shapley value when the communication is complete.
Published: 2019

34. Georgescu-Roegen versus Solow/Stiglitz: Back to a controversy

Author: Marc Germain, Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, Property (philosophy), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Energy (esotericism), Function (mathematics), 010501 environmental sciences, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Orders of magnitude (bit rate), Optimal growth Production function Exhaustible resource, Path (graph theory), Trajectory, Production (economics), Mathematical economics, Non-renewable resource, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract: International audience; Within the framework of an optimal growth model with a non renewable resource, this paper seeks to answer the question of whether a production function that ignores the constraints of physics on the production process (such as the Cobb-Douglas) can generate a good medium-term approximation of the trajectory of the economy obtained with a “true” production function, which takes these constraints into account. Two functions that respect these constraints are considered: (i) the CES function and (ii) a function called ATF, designed specifically for the purposes of this paper and which has the property of being closer to the Cobb-Douglas than is the CES.The approximation generated by the Cobb-Douglas can be rough, at least for some variables. When the “true” production function is the CES, this is explained by two effects: (i) the difference in technologies and (ii) the fact that the Cobb-Douglas totally changes the long-term path of the economy compared to that induced by the CES. In the case of the ATF, only the second effect acts. If accuracy is a concern, then whatever the “true” function the obtained results do not argue in favour of a positive answer to the above question. The Cobb-Douglas is only acceptable when the constraints of physics act weakly, which unfortunately is not always empirically verified (especially in the case of energy). If accuracy is not the first concern, then the answer seems positive, to the extent that the medium term paths generated by the Cobb-Douglas and the “true” function have a similar shape and the orders of magnitude are preserved. Previous article in issue
Published: 2019

35. Plan de gestion de données - Recommandations à l’ANR

Author: Ancion, Zoé, Andre, Francis, Cadorel, Sarah, Feret, Romain, Hologne, Odile, Maussang, Kenneth, Moguen-Toursel, Marine, Stoll, Véronique, Nominé, Jean-François, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences Po (Sciences Po), Université de Lille, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Montpellier (UM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Comité pour la science ouverte, Groupe de travaiI PGD, Collège Données de la recherche, Service Commun de la Documentation - Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SCD), Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales, Groupe de travaiI « PGD », and Institut de l'information scientifique et technique (INIST)
Subjects: PGD, evaluation, évaluation, Plan de gestion de données, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, open science, recommendations, plan de gestion des données, DMP, science ouverte, recommandations, data management plan
Abstract: In this note, the Committee for Open Science provides 15 recommendations to the French National Agency for Research (ANR) for the implementation of a data management plan. The committee draws attention to a step-by-step approach would encourage community adoption and better adaptation to changing practices.; Dans cette note, le Comité pour la science ouverte émet 15 recommandations à l'Agence nationale de la recherche dans la mise en place d’un plan de gestion des données. Le comité attire l'attention sur l'adoption d'une démarche progressive qui favoriserait une adhésion des communautés et une meilleure adaptation à l’évolution des pratiques.
Published: 2019

36. 2D Landmark-Based Facial Asymmetry Assessment in the Clinical Case of Facial Paralysis

Author: Ludwig Gebert, Anis Kacem, Pierre Guerreschi, Benjamin Szczapa, Mohamed Daoudi, Juan Carlos Alvarez-Paiva, FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut TELECOM/TELECOM Lille1, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Université de Lille, Service de chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille], ervice de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esth\'{e}tique du Centre Hospitalier Saint-Joseph Saint-Luc, Laboratoire Paul Painlevé - UMR 8524 (LPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, and DAOUDI, Mohamed
Subjects: Novel technique, Computer science, Concordance, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, 02 engineering and technology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Facial expression, Landmark, business.industry, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Pattern recognition, 030206 dentistry, medicine.disease, Botulinum toxin, Facial paralysis, stomatognathic diseases, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Clinical case, Artificial intelligence, business, Facial symmetry, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we propose a novel technique for quantifying the facial asymmetry from 2D videos to evaluate facial paralysis treatments based on Botulinum Toxin (BT) injections. Our approach uses 2D facial landmarks and barycentric coordinates to objectively quantify the facial asymmetry across 2D videos. To assess our approach, a new dataset of 2D videos, containing eighteen patients before and after the treatments have been collected. For each patient, we have collected nine facial expressions. Experimental results on the newly collected dataset show that the proposed approach provides promising results in concordance with clinical annotations.
Published: 2019

37. Optical Flow Techniques for Facial Expression Analysis: Performance Evaluation and Improvements

Author: Allaert, Benjamin, Ward, Isaac Ronald, Bilasco, Ioan Marius, Djeraba, Chaabane, Bennamoun, Mohammed, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, The University of Western Australia (UWA), FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: optical flow, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, deep learning, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], facial expression, data augmentation
Abstract: Optical flow techniques are becoming increasingly performant and robust when estimating motion in a scene, but their performance has yet to be proven in the area of facial expression recognition. In this work, a variety of optical flow approaches are evaluated across multiple facial expression datasets, so as to provide a consistent performance evaluation. Additionally, the strengths of multiple optical flow approaches are combined in a novel data augmentation scheme. Under this scheme, increases in average accuracy of up to 6% (depending on the choice of optical flow approaches and dataset) have been achieved.
Published: 2019

38. Analyse faciale dans les flux vidéo

Author: Bilasco, Ioan Marius, Université de Lille, FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laurence Duchien(Laurence.Duchien@inria.fr)
Subjects: Spécification d’histogrammes, Modèle de segmentation faciale, Facial analysis, Fuzzy inference system, Coherent movement, Facial segmentation models, Analyse faciale, Symétrie bilatérale, Flux op- tique, Vision par ordinateur, Gender recog- nition, Estimation de l’orientation de la tête, Normalisation faciale, Macro expression, Bilateral symmetry, Optical flow, Local motion patterns, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Reconnaissance du genre, Expression recogni- tion, Mouvement cohérent, Reconnaissance des expressions, Motifs locaux de mouvement, Head orientation, Systèmes d’inférence floue, Histogram specification, Micro expression, Computer vision, Facial normalisation
Published: 2019

39. BEARS: An Extensible Java Bug Benchmark for Automatic Program Repair Studies

Author: Fernanda Madeiral, Marcelo de Almeida Maia, Martin Monperrus, Simon Urli, Federal University of Uberlândia [Uberlândia] (UFU), Self-adaptation for distributed services and large software systems (SPIRALS), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH )
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Java, business.industry, Computer science, 020207 software engineering, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], 02 engineering and technology, Commit, Maintenance engineering, Pipeline (software), Software Engineering (cs.SE), Computer Science - Software Engineering, Software bug, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Benchmark (computing), Test suite, State (computer science), Software engineering, business, computer, computer.programming_language
Abstract: Benchmarks of bugs are essential to empirically evaluate automatic program repair tools. In this paper, we present Bears, a project for collecting and storing bugs into an extensible bug benchmark for automatic repair studies in Java. The collection of bugs relies on commit building state from Continuous Integration (CI) to find potential pairs of buggy and patched program versions from open-source projects hosted on GitHub. Each pair of program versions passes through a pipeline where an attempt of reproducing a bug and its patch is performed. The core step of the reproduction pipeline is the execution of the test suite of the program on both program versions. If a test failure is found in the buggy program version candidate and no test failure is found in its patched program version candidate, a bug and its patch were successfully reproduced. The uniqueness of Bears is the usage of CI (builds) to identify buggy and patched program version candidates, which has been widely adopted in the last years in open-source projects. This approach allows us to collect bugs from a diversity of projects beyond mature projects that use bug tracking systems. Moreover, Bears was designed to be publicly available and to be easily extensible by the research community through automatic creation of branches with bugs in a given GitHub repository, which can be used for pull requests in the Bears repository. We present in this paper the approach employed by Bears, and we deliver the version 1.0 of Bears, which contains 251 reproducible bugs collected from 72 projects that use the Travis CI and Maven build environment., Comment: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER '19)
Published: 2019

40. Contribution of chronic diseases to educational disparity in disability in France: results from the cross-sectional 'disability-health' survey

Author: Renata Tiene de Carvalho Yokota, Serge Poiraudeau, Wilma J. Nusselder, Clémence Palazzo, Emmanuelle Cambois, Jean-François Ravaud, Jean Tafforeau, Herman Van Oyen, CERMES3 - Centre de recherche Médecine, sciences, santé, santé mentale, société (CERMES3 - UMR 8211 / U988 / UM 7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Sciensano [Bruxelles], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Institut fédératif de recherche sur le handicap / Réseau fédératif de recherche sur le handicap (IFRH / RFRH), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-INST GARCHES-CTNERHI-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Institut national d'études démographiques (INED), Equipe 4 : ECaMO - Épidémiologie clinique appliquée aux maladies rhumatismales et musculo-squelettiques (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-INST GARCHES-CTNERHI-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), and ORANGE, Colette
Subjects: Gerontology, LEVEL, Prevalence, EXPECTANCY, Educational attainment, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, HEALTH_SURVEYS, 030212 general & internal medicine, 10. No inequality, POPULATION, education.field_of_study, Neck pain, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Health services research, EDUCATIONAL_ATTAINMENT, SOCIO-ECONOMIC_CONDITIONS, 3. Good health, PREVALENCE, CHRONIC_DISEASES, Socioeconomic status, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, medicine.symptom, 0305 other medical science, BURDEN, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, education, FRANCE, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, WORK, 030505 public health, Disability, business.industry, Public health, Research, DISABILITY, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, lcsh:RA1-1270, TRENDS, Chronic Diseases, MOBILITY, Chronic diseases, business
Abstract: Background This study aimed 1) to assess whether the contribution of chronic conditions to disability varies according to the educational attainment, 2) to disentangle the contributions of the prevalence and of the disabling impact of chronic conditions to educational disparities. Methods Data of the 2008–09 Disability Health Survey were examined (N = 23,348). The disability indicator was the Global Activity Limitation Indicator (GALI). The attribution method based on an additive hazard model was used to estimate educational differences in disabling impacts and in the contributions of diseases to disability. Counterfactual analyses were used to disentangle the contribution of differences in disease prevalence vs. disabling impact. Results In men, the main contributors to educational difference in disability prevalence were arthritis (contribution to disability prevalence: 5.7% (95% CI 5.4–6.0) for low-educated vs. 3.3% (3.0–3.9) for high-educated men), spine disorders (back/neck pain, deformity) (3.8% (3.6–4.0) vs. 1.9% (1.8–2.1)), chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (2.4% (2.3–2.6) vs. 0.6% (0.5–0.7)) and ischemic heart /peripheral artery diseases (4.1% (3.9–4.3) vs. 2.4% (2.2–3.0)). In women, arthritis (9.5% (9.1–9.9) vs. 4.5%, (4.1–5.2)), spine disorders (4.5% (4.3–4.7) vs. 2.1% 1.9–2.3) and psychiatric diseases (3.1% (3.0–3.3) vs. 1.1% (1.0–1.3)) contributed most to education gap in disability. The educational differences were equally explained by differences in the disease prevalence and in their disabling impact. Conclusions Public health policies aiming to reduce existing socioeconomic disparities in disability should focus on musculoskeletal, pulmonary, psychiatric and ischemic heart diseases, reducing their prevalence as well as their disabling impact in lower socioeconomic groups. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13690-018-0326-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2019

41. Video-based Face Alignment with Local Motion Modeling

Author: Belmonte, Romain, Tirilly, Pierre, Bilasco, Ioan Marius, Djeraba, Chaabane, Ihaddadene, Nacim, Institut Supérieur de l'Electronique et du Numérique - Lille (ISEN-Lille), Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université de Lille, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, and Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

42. Financing the Consumptionof the Young and Old in France

Author: Jérôme Hubert, Angela Greulich, Hippolyte d'Albis, Carole Bonnet, Julien Navaux, Xavier Chojnicki, Najat El Mekkaoui, Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PJSE), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris School of Economics (PSE), Institut national d'études démographiques (INED), Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lille économie management - LEM - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Ottawa [Ottawa] (uOttawa), Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PSE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PJSE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Développement, Institutions et Modialisation (LEDA-DIAL), Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine (LEDa), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL)
Subjects: Economic growth, JEL: D - Microeconomics/D.D1 - Household Behavior and Family Economics/D.D1.D10 - General, Sociology and Political Science, Consumption, media_common.quotation_subject, National Transfer Accounts, Population, Public debate, Public policy, Context (language use), Development, Elderly people, Political science, 0502 economics and business, 050207 economics, Generational Economy, education, Demography, media_common, Consumption (economics), education.field_of_study, Family solidarity, JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J1 - Demographic Economics/J.J1.J10 - General, [QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin], Inter-Generational Equity, 05 social sciences, Policy mix, 1. No poverty, Redistribution (cultural anthropology), [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, JEL: D - Microeconomics/D.D9 - Intertemporal Choice/D.D9.D91 - Intertemporal Household Choice • Life Cycle Models and Saving, Resources, Generations, 050902 family studies, JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C8 - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology • Computer Programs/C.C8.C80 - General, 0509 other social sciences, Private and Public Consumption, Welfare
Abstract: International audience; A better understanding of the resource allocation across ages is fundamentalto put in place welfare reforms in the context of population ageing.In times of major demographic change, the redistribution of resourcesbetween age groups and the funding of the economically inactive aged remainsa recurring topic of public debate and a major public policy concern inOECD countries. Governments search for a policy mix that will improve thequality of life of the elderly, while at the same time investing in the futureof the young and reducing the fiscal burden on the working population.Life expectancy and education requirements are increasing while budgetconstraints are tightening. This potentially creates tension in the allocationof resources between age groups (Preston 1984; Lee and Mason 2011a).By applying the methodology of National Transfer Accounts (NTA),this article analyzes for France (1) how the funding of consumption (publicand private) is secured at each age; (2) how the funding of consumptionhas changed over recent decades; and (3) how the consumption is financedcompared to that of other countries (China, Germany, Japan, Sweden,United Kingdom, and United States). We consider three sources for financingconsumption: the State (net transfers and in-kind services), individualsthemselves (income and assets), and families (inter vivos transfers, excludingbequests, following the NTA methodology) (United Nations 2013b).
Published: 2018

43. Transfer Learning with deep Convolutional Neural Network for Underwater Live Fish Recognition

Author: Kamal Nasreddine, Abdelouahid Ben Tamou, Abdesslam Benzinou, Lahoucine Ballihi, Lab-STICC_ENIB_CID_TOMS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Computer science, Feature extraction, 02 engineering and technology, transfer learning, 01 natural sciences, Convolutional neural network, AlexNet, Visual processing, convolution neural network, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 14. Life underwater, Underwater, Index Terms-Deep learning, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Pattern recognition, pretrained model, Support vector machine, Task analysis, Artificial intelligence, fish recognition, Transfer of learning, business, Classifier (UML), [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; Recently, marine ecologists are more interested in using underwater video analysis to study fish populations as this technique is non-destructively, produces large amount of visual data and does not affect fish behavior. Automated methods for processing and analyzing the recorded data are required because visual analysis can be subjective, time consuming and costly. However, the underwater environment poses great challenges due to changes in luminosity, complex backgrounds and free movement of fish. In this paper, we present a convolutional neural network that was trained with transfer learning framework for fish species classification. First, we extract fish features from images using the original AlexNet model on the available underwater dataset. Then, to improve the performance, we fine-tune the model on the dataset. Finally, we re-extract features after that AlexNet has been fine-tuned. For classification, we use a linear SVM classifier. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, we achieve an accuracy of more than 99%.
Published: 2018

44. Asymptotics of Cholesky GARCH Models and Time-Varying Conditional Betas

Author: Sébastien Laurent, Christian Francq, Serge Darolles, DRM-Finance, Dauphine Recherches en Management (DRM), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique (CREST), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales, Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques (AMSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Graduate School of Management, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Labex ECODEC, ANR-16-CE26-0015,MultiRisk,Méthodes Econométriques pour la Modélisation des Risques Multiples(2016), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé
Subjects: multivariate-GARCH, Economics and Econometrics, JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C5 - Econometric Modeling/C.C5.C53 - Forecasting and Prediction Methods • Simulation Methods, Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity, Asymptotic distribution, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, 010104 statistics & probability, Consistency (statistics), 0502 economics and business, Applied mathematics, JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C5 - Econometric Modeling/C.C5.C58 - Financial Econometrics, 0101 mathematics, JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C3 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models • Multiple Variables/C.C3.C32 - Time-Series Models • Dynamic Quantile Regressions • Dynamic Treatment Effect Models • Diffusion Processes • State Space Models, 050205 econometrics, Mathematics, [QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin], Applied Mathematics, 05 social sciences, JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General/C.C1.C13 - Estimation: General, Estimator, Covariance, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, covariance, conditional betas, Conditional variance, Cholesky decomposition
Abstract: Corresponding publicationsWorking Paper | Asymptotics of Cholesky GARCH Models and Time-Varying Conditional Betas.〈halshs-01944656〉; International audience; This paper proposes a new model with time-varying slope coefficients. Our model, called CHAR, is a Cholesky-GARCH model, based on the Cholesky decomposition of the conditional variance matrix introduced by Pourahmadi (1999) in the context of longitudinal data. We derive stationarity and invertibility conditions and prove consistency and asymptotic normality of the Full and equation-by-equation QML estimators of this model. We then show that this class of models is useful to estimate conditional betas and compare it to the approach proposed by Engle (2016). Finally, we use real data in a portfolio and risk management exercise. We find that the CHAR model outperforms a model with constant betas as well as the dynamic conditional beta model of Engle (2016).
Published: 2018

45. Cerebral correlates of imitation of intransitive gestures: An integrative review of neuroimaging data and brain lesion studies

Author: François Osiurak, Angela Bartolo, Tim Vanbellingen, Emanuelle Reynaud, Mathieu Lesourd, Josselin Baumard, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives [Marseille] (LNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de Recherches sur les Fonctionnements et Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (CRFDP), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société (IRIHS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Unité de Recherche en Sciences Cognitives et Affectives (URECA), PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales, Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EMC), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Biomedical Engineering Research (ARTORG), University of Bern, Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Switzerland, ANR-11-LABX-0042,CORTEX,Construction, Fonction Cognitive et Réhabilitation du Cerveau(2011), ANR-11-MALZ-0006,DUO,Démences et utilisation d'outils(2011), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société (IRIHS), and Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France
Subjects: Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 610 Medicine & health, Neuroimaging, Apraxia, 050105 experimental psychology, Hand posture, Angular gyrus, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, media_common, Cerebral Cortex, Gestures, Brain-damaged patients, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Neuropsychology, Parietal lobe, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Intransitive gestures, medicine.disease, Imitative Behavior, Finger posture, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Frontal lobe, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Imitation, Psychology, Insula, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology, Gesture
Abstract: International audience; The aim of the present review is to investigate the cerebral correlates, more particularly the role of the parietal lobe, when imitating intransitive gestures, a task highly sensitive to apraxic errors. By providing an integrative review of functional imaging and brain lesion studies, we focused our attention on the meaning of gestures (meaningful and meaningless) and the body parts (finger and hand). We found that imitation of intransitive gestures is relying upon a bilateral brain network including fronto-parietal areas irrespective of meaning or body parts. Moreover, we observed that while imitation of meaningful and meaningless gestures is predominantly impacted following left parietal lesions, more brain areas are en- gaged during meaningless gesture imitation. Concerning body parts, whereas imitation of hand postures is re- lying upon the left parietal lobe (angular gyrus), imitation of finger postures is more likely to be impaired following lesions in the frontal lobe, insula and basal ganglia. These results question neuropsychological theories on apraxia and open promising avenues for a better un- derstanding of apraxia.
Published: 2018

46. A policymaker’s guide to a Euro area stabilization fund

Author: Florence Huart, Etienne Farvaque, Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé
Subjects: Macroeconomics, Economics and Econometrics, European level, Sociology and Political Science, Underline, Fiscal federalism, 05 social sciences, 1. No poverty, Federal transfers, International economics, Fiscal capacity, Fiscal union, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Stabilization effects, 0502 economics and business, European integration, International political economy, Economics, Economic and monetary union, 050207 economics, Finance, 050205 econometrics
Abstract: International audience; In 2012, several reports were published advocating the creation of a genuine fiscal capacity at the European level, to strengthen the foundations of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) by helping member countries to adjust to asymmetric shocks. The design of a common stabilization fund should be well thought, though: what would be stabilized? When would transfers be paid? Would they be directed towards governments or individuals? How would they be financed? And would they help stabilize economies? We address these questions by outlining recent existing proposals, their features and their simulated stabilization effects. We finally underline the difficulties in implementing such a scheme.
Published: 2016

47. Can the Energy Transition Be Smooth? A General Equilibrium Approach to the EROEI

Author: Marc Germain, Benjamin Peeters, Jean-François Fagnart, Institut de recherches économiques et sociales (UCL IRES), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie (EQUIPPE), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé
Subjects: General equilibrium theory, growth, 020209 energy, Geography, Planning and Development, TJ807-830, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Energy transition, TD194-195, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy sources, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Capital allocation line, Microeconomics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Economics, GE1-350, EROEI, Non-renewable resource, Stock (geology), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Endogenous growth theory, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, non-renewable energy, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, renewable energy, Technical progress, Renewable energy, Environmental sciences, energy transition, 8. Economic growth, savings rate, business
Abstract: International audience; The concept of energy return (EROEI ratio) is widely used in energy science to describe the interactions between energy and the economic system but it is largely ignored in macroeconomics. In order to contribute to bridging a gap between these fields of research, we incorporate these metrics into an endogenous growth model with two sectors (energy and final goods) and use this model to analyze the macroeconomic implications of a transition to lower EROEI resources. An approach in terms of net energy allows us (1) to explicitly link the EROEI to macroeconomic variables, (2) to show how it is related to the growth rate of GDP and (3) to obtain a closed-form solution for its long-run value at a general equilibrium level. There is furthermore a tight and decreasing long-run relationship between the EROEI value and the share of investment that must be allocated to the energy sector. Hence, a transition to lower EROEI resources intensifies the rival use of capital in the energy and non-energy sectors and leads to major economic changes, both in the inter-sectoral capital allocation and in the allocation of final output between consumption and investment. We show that a protracted economic contraction may occur before the completion of the transition to renewable energy. We analyze how (1) the magnitude of this contraction and (2) the possibility of an ulterior recovery depend on the initial stock of non-renewables, the potentials of technical progress in the energy and non-energy sectors and the substitutability between capital and energy.
Published: 2020

48. Etude de l’apport de la reconstruction des régions occultées du visage pour la reconnaissance des expressions

Author: Poux, Delphine, Allaert, Benjamin, Ihaddadene, Nacim, Bilasco, Ioan Marius, Djeraba, Chaabane, Université de Lille, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, FOX MIIRE (LIFL), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]
Abstract: International audience; La reconnaissance des expressions faciales en contexte d'interaction non contrôlée est, encore aujourd'hui, confrontée à un certain nombre de défis qui réduisent considérablement les performances des systèmes. Parmi ces défis, les occultations induites par les variations de pose de la tête ou par des objets externes (accessoires, mains, ...) impliquent une perte d'informations sur le visage. Différentes méthodes proposées dans la littérature tendent à résoudre ces problèmes soit en reconstruisant les régions occultées, soit en exploitant uniquement les informations au sein des régions visibles du visage. Dans cet article, nous étudions l'apport de la reconstruction des régions occultées, par rapport à l'exploitation efficace de l'information contenue dans les régions visibles du visage lors de la reconnaissance des expressions faciales.
Published: 2018

49. Le projet D4Humanities

Author: Malleret, Cécile, Service Commun de la Documentation - Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SCD), Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales, Maison européenne des sciences de l’homme et de la société - USR 3185 (MESHS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Fédération Universitaire et Polytechnique de Lille-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Maison Européenne des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (MESHS), Maison européenne des sciences de l’homme et de la société - UAR 3185 (MESHS), and Université de Lille
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

50. Research data management training for PhD students

Author: Joachim Schöpfel, Bernard Jacquemin, Eric Kergosien, Cécile Malleret, Groupe d'Études et de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Information et COmmunication - ULR 4073 (GERIICO ), Université de Lille, MESHS, NDLTD, D4Humanities, Service Commun de la Documentation - Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SCD), and Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales
Subjects: PhD students, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Research data management, Training program, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

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