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3,567 results on '"Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM)"'

1. Why not? Decrypting social attitudes toward European aquaculture: An updated policy perspective for an old problem

Author: Marianna Cavallo, Pascal Raux, Fabio Massa, Davide Fezzardi, José A. Pérez Agúndez, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Brest (UBO), Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: European aquaculture, criteria, social attitudes, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, acceptability, environmental policy, Geography, Planning and Development, General Medicine, sustainability, General Environmental Science
Abstract: In some food production systems, sustainability and acceptability are considered umbrella concepts that can be assessed through a combination of criteria and indicators. After a remarkable and somewhat chaotic development in the early 1990s, European aquaculture has been evolving in both scientific and policy domains to improve, and to prove, its sustainability. The updated review of the literature and policy framework presented in this article highlights gaps in European studies, addressing mostly concerns over environmental impacts and food safety and less over economic impacts on other coastal activities or the effects on social values and local traditions. The analysis of the legislative framework demonstrates that the existing legislation adopted at different levels addresses most of the criteria of social acceptability through binding rules and supporting guidelines. Nonetheless, some elements of social concerns, such as the impact of escapes or the degradation of the landscape, remain unaddressed. Several actions are proposed that should be implemented by all actors involved in aquacultural management to improve social attitudes and, thus, the acceptance by the different segments of society. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;00:1-14. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental ToxicologyChemistry (SETAC).
Published: 2023
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2. Extracts from Wallis Sponges Inhibit Vibrio harveyi Biofilm Formation

Author: Caudal, Flore, Rodrigues, Sophie, Dufour, Alain, Artigaud, Sébastien, Le Blay, Gwénaëlle, Petek, Sylvain, Bazire, Alexis, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: sponge extract, anti-biofilm activity, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], marine natural products, Vibrio harveyi, biofilm
Abstract: International audience; Pathogenic bacteria and their biofilms are involved in many human and animal diseases and are a major public health problem with, among other things, the development of antibiotic resistance. These biofilms are known to induce chronic infections for which classical treatments using antibiotic therapy are often ineffective. Sponges are sessile filter-feeding marine organisms known for their dynamic symbiotic partnerships with diverse microorganisms and their production of numerous metabolites of interest. In this study, we investigated the antibiofilm efficacy of different extracts from sponges, isolated in Wallis, without biocidal activity. Out of the 47 tested extracts, from 28 different genera, 11 showed a strong activity against Vibrio harveyi biofilm formation. Moreover, one of these extracts also inhibited two quorum-sensing pathways of V. harveyi.
Published: 2023
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3. Identification of the quorum sensing signal of the opportunistic pathogen inducing bleaching disease in the red macroalga Halymenia floresii holobiont

Author: Shareen A Abdul Malik, Mahasweta Saha, Laure Taupin, Gilles Bedoux, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Daniel Robledo, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Engineering
Abstract: Seaweed surface provides a suitable substratum for the settlement of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, and plankton). These microbial partners may have either beneficial or detrimental effects on the host since surface microbiota can act either as a protective layer to the macroalgae (symbiotic beneficial relations) or, under changing environmental conditions, the microbial equili-brium may shift to a detrimental, pathogenic state thus inducing diseases in the host. In commer-cial aquaculture, seaweed diseases feature a growing concern. Pathogenicity of microorganisms that infect algal hosts is closely related to the release of virulence factors and the formation of biofilms, both of which are regulated by Quorum Sensing (QS). The main focus of this study is to determine the pathogenicity of the surface-associated bacteria of Halymenia floresii, a carrageenophyte that originated from distinct habitats. Twenty-five bacterial species isolated from the surface of H. floresii were individually tested for tip bleaching assay to evaluate their potential pathogenicity. Ten isolates significantly reduced the risk of tip bleaching in H. floresii and were designated as “significantly non-pathogenic”. Vibrio owensii was identified as a “significant pathogen” inducing bleaching disease in H. floresii. By using LC-MS, we here identified its HomoSerine Lactones (HSL) QS signal, as a C4-HSL (short-chain). This study thus suggests a possible involvement of QS signal (short-chain) in the disease-inducing bacterium from the aquaculture ponds (an integrated multitrophic aquaculture system). This study firstly reports on the surface-associated bacteria of a lambda-carrageenophyte. This study must contribute to the development of dedicated strategies for disease control based on HSL disruption in aquaculture.
Published: 2022
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4. Monitoring de la croissance de bactéries / biofilms bactériens via une sonde coaxiale

Author: Longo, Matthieu, Rioual, Stéphane, Talbot, Philippe, Fay, Fabienne, Hellio, Claire, Lescop, Benoît, Equipe Smart Materials and Related Technologies (Lab-STICC_SMART), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: International audience;  Le but de ce travail est de développer une sonde radiofréquence pour le suivi du développement de bactéries et/ou de biofilm bactérien. Il s'agit d'une sonde coaxiale ouverte plongée dans un réservoir rempli d'une solution. Des simulations HFSS ont été effectuées afin de vérifier la faisabilité de la sonde. Le suivi de la prolifération de deux bactéries modèles a été testé avec succès. La détermination de la présence d'un biofilm est aussi possible. Ces suivis peuvent être obtenus à une fréquence unique permettant un suivi temps réel à faible coût.
Published: 2023

5. Design of Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Microbeads with Tunable Functional Properties and High Biodegradability in Seawater

Author: Eric Balnois, Anthony Magueresse, Chloé Volant, Stéphane Bruzaud, Guillaume Vignaud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Environmental Engineering, Polymers and Plastics, Polymer, 02 engineering and technology, Biodegradation, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Polyhydroxyalkanoates, Amorphous solid, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Polylactic acid, Chemical engineering, Surface roughness, Materials Chemistry, Degradation (geology), [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, sense organs, Cellulose, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Commercial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBHV) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) were used to prepare microbeads, with diameter ranging from 50 to 100 µm, by an emulsion-evaporation process. The properties of the beads reveal that the elaboration process enables the formation of spherical particles, that the crystallinity of the former polymer is not altered during the process and that the surface roughness of the particles can be tuned by changing the nature of the lateral chain in the PHA structure, in good correlation with its crystalline behavior. The mechanical properties of the different PHA beads are also found to be intimely linked with the crystalline content of the beads, with modulus varying between 1 to 7 GPa. All these properties are also governing the degradation behavior of these materials, as tested under marine environment. With a rapid degradation, similar to cellulose, and a degradation rate correlated with the crystalline content, these results emphasize the interest in developing PHA materials with tunable functions and degradation properties.
Published: 2021
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6. Brown Seaweed Sargassum-Based Sorbents for the Removal of Cr(III) Ions from Aqueous Solutions

Author: Natalia Niedzbała, Katarzyna Dziergowska, Maja Wełna, Anna Szymczycha-Madeja, Jacek Chęcmanowski, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Izabela Michalak, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Process Chemistry and Technology, seaweed, Cr(III) ions sorption, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, nanoparticles biosynthesis, extraction, Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous), Bioengineering, wastewater
Abstract: International audience; In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were biosynthesized with the use of an extract derived from seaweed (Sargassum sp.) and used as a sorbent for the removal of Cr(III) ions from wastewater. The biosorption properties of the seaweed itself as well as of the post-extraction residue were investigated for comparison. ZnO NPs were characterized with UV–vis, ICP-OES, FTIR, XRD, and SEM techniques. The sorption capacity of the (bio)sorbents was investigated as a function of contact time at different pH values and initial concentrations of metal ions. Sorption kinetics and isotherms were studied in order to comprehend the sorption nature and mechanism. The sorption kinetic data were well-fitted with the pseudo-second-order model, and the highest sorption capacity was calculated for ZnO NPs (137 mg/g), whereas those calculated for Sargassum sp. (82.0 mg/g) and the post-extraction residue (81.3 mg/g) were comparable (at pH 5 and 300 mg of Cr(III) ions/L). The adsorption isotherms for all sorbents were well described using the Langmuir model. According to these findings, ZnO NPs were superior to the sorption properties of the tested biosorbents and can be used as a potential sorbent for the removal of metal ions from wastewater. Renewable seaweed biomass can be used for the sustainable biosynthesis of nanoparticles used for environmental protection.
Published: 2023
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7. Biofuel Production from Seaweeds: A Comprehensive Review

Author: Yiru Zhao, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Jean-Louis Lanoisellé, Thomas Lendormi, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Control and Optimization, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Building and Construction, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering (miscellaneous), Energy (miscellaneous)
Abstract: International audience; Seaweeds represent a promising and sustainable feedstock for biofuel production which raises increasing research interests. Their high availability, easy fermentable composition, and good degradation potential make them a suitable candidate for alternating fossil fuels as an advantageous energy resource. This comprehensive review aims to summarize and discuss data from the literature on the biochemical composition of seaweeds and its potential for biomethane and biohydrogen production, as well as to investigate the effect of the common pretreatment methods. Satisfactory yields comparable to terrestrial biomass could be obtained through anaerobic digestion; concerning dark fermentation, the challenge remains to better define the operating conditions allowing a stable production of biohydrogen. Finally, we propose a potential energy production scheme with the seaweed found by the Caribbean Islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique, as well as current techno-economic challenges and future prospects. An annual energy potential of 66 GWh could be attained via a two-stage biohythane production process, this tends to be promising in terms of energetic valorization and coastal management.
Published: 2022
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8. Genetic and physiological insights into the diazotrophic activity of a non‐cyanobacterial marine diazotroph

Author: Aurélie Joublin‐Delavat, Katia Touahri, Pauline Crétin, Amandine Morot, Sophie Rodrigues, Bruno Jesus, Florian Trigodet, François Delavat, Unité en Sciences Biologiques et Biotechnologies de Nantes (US2B), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Des Substances et Organismes de la Mer - UR 2160 (ISOMER), Nantes Université - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques (Nantes Univ - UFR Pharmacie), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), and The University of Chicago Medicine [Chicago]
Subjects: [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Nitrogen, Nitrogen Fixation, Oceans and Seas, Humans, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Noncommunicable Diseases, Cyanobacteria, Microbiology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Nitrogen (N2) fixation, or diazotrophy, supports a large part of primary production in oceans. Culture-independent approaches highlighted the presence in abundance of marine non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCD) but their ecophysiology remains elusive, mostly because of the low number of isolated NCD and because of the lack of available genetic tools for these isolates. Here, a dual genetic and functional approach allowed unveiling the ecophysiology of a marine NCD affiliated to the species Vibrio diazotrophicus. Physiological characterization of the first marine NCD mutant obtained so far was performed using a soft-gellan assay, demonstrating that a ΔnifH mutant in not able to grow in nitrogen-deprived media. Furthermore, we demonstrated that V. diazotrophicus produces a thick biofilm under diazotrophic conditions, suggesting biofilm production as an adaptive response of this NCD to cope with the inhibition of nitrogen-fixation by molecular oxygen. Finally, the genomic signature of V. diazotrophicus is essentially absent from metagenomic data of Tara Ocean expeditions, despite having been isolated from various marine environments. We think that the genetically tractable V. diazotrophicus strain used in this study may serve as an ideal model to study the ecophysiology of these overlooked procaryotic group.
Published: 2022
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9. Anti-Biofilm Activity of a Hyaluronan-like Exopolysaccharide from the Marine Vibrio MO245 against Pathogenic Bacteria

Author: Marie Champion, Emilie Portier, Karine Vallée-Réhel, Isabelle Linossier, Eric Balnois, Guillaume Vignaud, Xavier Moppert, Claire Hellio, Fabienne Faÿ, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pacific Biotech, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Région Bretagne, and Université de Bretagne Sud
Subjects: anti-adhesive activity, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Science, Vibrio harveyi, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, anti-biofilm activity, marine bacteria, exopolysaccharide, non biocidal agent, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Drug Discovery, exopolysaccharide anti-adhesive activity anti-biofilm activity marine bacteria non biocidal agent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Vibrio harveyi, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)
Abstract: International audience; Biofilms, responsible for many serious drawbacks in the medical and marine environment, can grow on abiotic and biotic surfaces. Commercial anti-biofilm solutions, based on the use of biocides, are available but their use increases the risk of antibiotic resistance and environmental pollution in marine industries. There is an urgent need to work on the development of ecofriendly solutions, formulated without biocidal agents, that rely on the anti-adhesive physico-chemical properties of their materials. In this context, exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are natural biopolymers with complex properties than may be used as anti-adhesive agents. This study is focused on the effect of the EPS MO245, a hyaluronic acid-like polysaccharide, on the growth, adhesion, biofilm maturation, and dispersion of two pathogenic model strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa sp. PaO1 and Vibrio harveyi DSM19623. Our results demonstrated that MO245 may limit biofilm formation, with a biofilm inhibition between 20 and 50%, without any biocidal activity. Since EPSs have no significant impact on the bacterial motility and quorum sensing factors, our results indicate that physico-chemical interactions between the bacteria and the surfaces are modified due to the presence of an adsorbed EPS layer acting as a non-adsorbing layer.
Published: 2022
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10. A high sensitive microwave sensor to monitor bacterial and biofilm growth

Author: Longo, Matthieu, Rioual, Stéphane, Talbot, Philippe, Faÿ, Fabienne, Hellio, Claire, Lescop, Benoit, Equipe Smart Materials and Related Technologies (Lab-STICC_SMART), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Brest (UBO), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Conductivity, Bacteria, High frequency, Monitoring, Biofilm, Signal Processing, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Biotechnology, Sensor
Abstract: Bacterial biofilms have a significant economic and health impact in many different domains. In such films, the extracellular matrix prevents the diffusion of biocides, so antibiotic treatments require a concentration 500 to 1000 times higher than that used to eliminate the same bacteria when present as planktonic stage. Early detection of biofilms is therefore essential for effective eradication. In this paper, we present the development of a real-time and label-free radiofrequency biosensor dedicated to the monitoring of bacteria and biofilm growth. Its principle relies on an open-ended coaxial probe sensitive to the variation of the electrical conductivity of the probed medium in the microwave range. As shown, between 0.3 and 1 GHz, the high sensitivity of the method (2.3 × 104 CFU/mL) highlights the biofilm growing at the early stage of its formation. To demonstrate experimentally such effects, two model bacteria, Vibrio natriegens and P. aeruginosa, are considered. The proposed method should therefore be considered as a promising technique for biofilm monitoring in batch bioreactors or flow cells experiments.
Published: 2022
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11. Enzyme-assisted extraction of red seaweed Solieria chordalis (C.Agardh) J. Agardh 1842—the starting point for the production of biostimulants of plant growth and biosorbents of metal ions

Author: Olivia Spain, Kevin Hardouin, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Izabela Michalak, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: The underexploited biomass of red seaweed Solieria chordalis (C.Agardh) J.Agardh 1842 represents a potential source for biotechnological development. Extracts obtained from S. chordalis by enzyme-assisted extraction using Protamex® and Neutrase® were evaluated as potential biostimulants of plant growth. Additionally, this alga, as well as post-extraction residues, were examined as biosorbents of metal ions. The biostimulant properties of different concentrations of algal extracts (20, 40, 60, 80, 100%) were tested in vitro on radish seeds. Chlorophyll content, plant weight, and height were measured for each experimental group. For all tested concentrations, the plants demonstrated higher chlorophyll content and were higher and heavier than the control group, showing that enzyme extracts could be used as efficient biostimulants. The biosorption properties of seaweed and post-extraction residues were tested on Cr(III) ions for different experimental conditions—pH, initial metal ion concentration, and biosorbent dosage. The maximum biosorption capacity of S. chordalis was 48.1 mg/g, for the post-extraction residue obtained with Protamex®, 47.6 mg/g, and Neutrase®, 50.5 mg/g. The binding of Cr(III) ions to the surface of biosorbents was confirmed by FT-IR analysis. Good biosorption properties of tested materials can be used in the production of novel components of fertilizers or biosorbents for wastewater treatment. In this paper, it was shown that waste biomass of S. chordalis can be turned into valuable bio-products using environmental-friendly technologies.
Published: 2022
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12. Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweed Strandings as Renewable Source for Potential Antivirals against Herpes simplex Virus 1

Author: Hugo Pliego-Cortés, Kévin Hardouin, Gilles Bedoux, Christel Marty, Stéphane Cérantola, Yolanda Freile-Pelegrín, Daniel Robledo, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Drug Discovery, Pharmaceutical Science, Ulva sp, Sargassum muticum, Halymenia floresii, Solieria chordalis, red seaweed, Vero cells, Herpes simplex virus, polysaccharides, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)
Abstract: International audience; Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) remains a prominent health concern widespread all over the world. The increasing genital infections by HSV-1 that might facilitate acquisition and transmission of HIV-1, the cumulative evidence that HSV-1 promotes neurodegenerative disorders, and the emergence of drug resistance signify the need for new antiviral agents. In this study, the in vitro anti-herpetic activity of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) extracted by enzyme or hot water from seaweeds collected in France and Mexico from stranding events, were evaluated. The anti-herpetic activity evaluation of the semi-refined-polysaccharides (sr-SPs) and different ion exchange purified fractions showed a wide range of antiviral activity. Among them, the sr-SPs from the Rhodophyta Halymenia floresii showed stronger activity EC50 0.68 μg/mL with SI 1470, without cytotoxicity. Further, the antiviral activity of the sr-SPs evaluated at different treatment schemes showed a high EC50 of 0.38 μg/mL during the viral adsorption assays when the polysaccharide and the virus were added simultaneously, whilst the protection on Vero cell during the post-infection assay was effective up to 1 h. The chemical composition, FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopic, and molecular weights of the sr-SPs from H. floresii were determined and discussed based on the anti-herpetic activity. The potential utilization of seaweed stranding as a source of antiviral compounds is addressed.
Published: 2022
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13. Who Is in and Who Is out in Ocean Economies Development?

Author: Marianna Cavallo, Alicia Bugeja Said, José A. Pérez Agúndez, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministry for Agriculture, Food, Fisheries and Animal Rights (Agrikoltura), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: inclusiveness, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, blue growth, local communities, Geography, Planning and Development, blue economy blue growth inclusiveness local communities marine governance, Building and Construction, blue economy, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, marine governance
Abstract: International audience; This review engages with the ongoing blue economy debate to decipher old and emerging forms of economic, institutional, physical and social exclusions of local communities and vulnerable societies that may result from the development of ocean projects and policies across the globe. The results of this scientific and policy review show that, whereas for some traditional maritime activities such as fisheries, the drivers of exclusion are well studied and somehow addressed in policies, for other emerging sectors, such as ocean energies or deep-sea mining, there is a lack of understanding on how to recognise and prevent the different forms of exclusion. Exclusion is likely to occur when decisions are taken at the highest level of governance to achieve national or international targets of economic growth, food safety, clean energy or leisure, with little consideration of the effects on local economic, social and environmental contexts. On the other hand, when the principles of inclusiveness are given due consideration, they prove to be beneficial for the societies' well-being, increasing the chance of long-term social acceptability. We conclude that, to embrace inclusiveness, both governments and industries have to (a) go beyond the capitalist commodification of nature and recognise benefits other than the economic ones, namely, emotional, cultural and spiritual; (b) promote initiatives that fulfil local needs in the first place and are adapted to local contexts; (c) cooperate with local institutions and stakeholders to promote the co-management of resources and adaptive development. Likewise, research institutions, funding organisations and governmental agencies have to engage in new ways to assess the effects of ocean development that go beyond the quantitative approach and seek to integrate qualitative information, traditional knowledge and local perceptions.
Published: 2023
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14. Maritime transportation: Let's slow down a bit

Author: Maxime Sèbe, Pierre Scemama, Anne Choquet, Jean-Luc Jung, Aldo Chircop, Phénia Marras-Aït Razouk, Sylvain Michel, Valérie Stiger-Pouvreau, Laura Recuero-Virto, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en gestion i3 (i3-CRG), École polytechnique (X)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation (I3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Brest Business School, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Dalhousie University [Halifax], French Biodiversity Agency, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Collision, Environmental Engineering, Invasive species, Speed reduction, Animals, Wild, Transportation, Environment, Pollution, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Gas emission, Environmental Chemistry, Animals, Noise, Ship, Waste Management and Disposal, Ships, Underwater noise
Abstract: International audience; Maritime transportation is a major contributor to the world economy, but has significant social and environmental impacts. Each impact calls for different technical or operational solutions. Amongst these solutions, we found that speed reduction measures appear to mitigate several issues: (1) collision with wildlife; (2) collision with non-living objects; (3) underwater noise; (4) invasive species; and (5) gas emission. We do not pretend that speed reduction is the best solution for each individual issue mentioned in this paper, but we argue that it could be a key solution to significantly reduce these threats all together. Further interdisciplinary research is required to balance private economic costs of speed reduction measures with environmental and social benefits emerging from all mitigated issues.
Published: 2022
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15. Pseudoalteromonas ostreae sp. nov., a new bacterial species harboured by the flat oyster Ostrea edulis

Author: Amine M. Boukerb, Olivier Lesouhaitier, Yannick Fleury, Leila Parizadeh, Héléna Cuny, Camille Jégou, Clément Offret, Alexis Bazire, Patrick Le Chevalier, Benjamin Brillet, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Oyster, biology, Strain (chemistry), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Context (language use), General Medicine, Phenotypic trait, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Pseudoalteromonas, biology.animal, Ostrea edulis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Bacteria, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Three bacterial strains, named hOe-66T, hOe-124 and hOe-125, were isolated from the haemolymph of different specimens of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis collected in Concarneau bay (Finistère, France). These strains were characterized by a polyphasic approach, including (i) whole genome analyses with 16S rRNA gene sequence alignment and pangenome analysis, determination of the G+C content, average nucleotide identity (ANI), and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization (isDDH), and (ii) fatty acid methyl ester and other phenotypic analyses. Strains hOe-66T, hOe-124 and hOe-125 were closely related to both type strains Pseudoalteromonas rhizosphaerae RA15T and Pseudoalteromonas neustonica PAMC 28425T with less than 93.3% ANI and 52.3% isDDH values. Regarding their phenotypic traits, the three strains were Gram-negative, 1–2 µm rod-shaped, aerobic, motile and non-spore-forming bacteria. Cells grew optimally at 25 °C in 2.5% NaCl and at 7–8 pH. The most abundant fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c/C16:1 ω6c), C16:0 and C17:1 ω8c. The strains carried a genome average size of 4.64 Mb and a G+C content of 40.28 mol%. The genetic and phenotypic results suggested that strains hOe-66T, hOe-124 and hOe-125 belong to a new species of the genus Pseudoalteromonas . In this context, we propose the name Pseudoalteromonas ostreae sp. nov. The type strain is hOe-66T (=CECT 30303T=CIP 111911T).
Published: 2021
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16. Mathematical Modeling of Air Impingement Drying of the Brown Algae Sargassum muticum (Fucales)

Author: Pascal Morançais, Virginie Boy, Jean-Louis Lanoisellé, Jeanne Le Loeuff, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Thibaut Colinart, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, biology, Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Brown algae, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, 010608 biotechnology, Environmental chemistry, Air drying, Sorption isotherm, Sargassum muticum, Fucales, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021
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17. Inter-Kingdom Signaling of Stress Hormones: Sensing, Transport and Modulation of Bacterial Physiology

Author: Mohamed Zommiti, Rikki Knowlton, Ouiza Mesguida, Mélyssa Cambronel, Marc G. J. Feuilloley, Sophie Rodrigues, Nathalie Connil, Amine M. Boukerb, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Virulence, Physiology, Review, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, stress hormones, medicine, Escherichia coli, sensing, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, Biofilm, biology.organism_classification, Vibrio, QR1-502, bacterial physiology, Salmonella enterica, transport, catecholamines, Bacteria, Hormone
Abstract: Prokaryotes and eukaryotes have coexisted for millions of years. The hormonal communication between microorganisms and their hosts, dubbed inter-kingdom signaling, is a recent field of research. Eukaryotic signals such as hormones, neurotransmitters or immune system molecules have been shown to modulate bacterial physiology. Among them, catecholamines hormones epinephrine/norepinephrine, released during stress and physical effort, or used therapeutically as inotropes have been described to affect bacterial behaviors (i.e., motility, biofilm formation, virulence) of various Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio sp.). More recently, these molecules were also shown to influence the physiology of some Gram-positive bacteria like Enterococcus faecalis. In E. coli and S. enterica, the stress-associated mammalian hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine trigger a signaling cascade by interacting with the QseC histidine sensor kinase protein. No catecholamine sensors have been well described yet in other bacteria. This review aims to provide an up to date report on catecholamine sensors in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, their transport, and known effects on bacteria.
Published: 2021
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18. Antifouling properties of amphiphilic poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate): an environmentally-friendly coating

Author: Isabelle Linossier, A Guennec, Estelle Renard, Valérie Langlois, E Balnois, Fabienne Faÿ, G Q Chen, Karine Vallée-Réhel, L Brelle, Christelle Simon-Colin, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: Materials science, Biofouling, Polymers, Surface Properties, 02 engineering and technology, Aquatic Science, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Polyethylene Glycols, chemistry.chemical_compound, Coating, Amphiphile, Copolymer, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology, Diatoms, biology, Polydimethylsiloxane, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, Environmentally friendly, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Chemical engineering, engineering, Biopolymer, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The development of biofouling is a major problem for marine industries. The conception of antifouling and fouling release coatings, with controlled physical-chemical properties is a promising strategy. Among them, amphiphilic systems, such as those composed of a hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane matrix and a hydrophilic polyethyleneglycol additive are the most efficient and up to date. Despite their effectiveness, these systems are questioned due to the petrochemical origin of PDMS. The aim of this project was to substitute the PDMS matrix with a biopolymer, poly(3-hydroxybuyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and to improve its anti-adhesion properties through the elaboration of an amphiphilic system, via the addition of PEG or PHBHHx-b-PEG copolymer. The results, including the physico-chemical properties of PHBHV based coatings and static adhesion tests on a marine bacterium, Bacillus 4J6 and a diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum are compared with those of PDMS and PEG-modified PDMS coatings. Real antiadhesion activity was obtained for the PHBHV/PHBHHx-b-PEG system for a promising eco-friendly strategy.
Published: 2021
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19. Virulence of Vibrio harveyi ORM4 towards the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata involves both quorum sensing and a type III secretion system

Author: Morot, Amandine, El Fekih, Sahar, Bidault, Adeline, Le Ferrand, Alizée, Jouault, Albane, Kavousi, Javid, Bazire, Alexis, Pichereau, Vianney, Dufour, Alain, Paillard, Christine, Delavat, François, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the ‘Laboratoire d'Excellence’ LabexMER (ANR-10-LABX-19), by the ‘Ecole Universitaire de Recherche’ ISblue (ANR-17-EURE-0015) and co-funded by a grant from the French government under the programme ‘Investissements d'Avenir’, and by a grant from the Regional Council of Brittany. This project received grants from the H2020 VIVALDI project (grant agreement n°678589), and the CNRS Prematuration (CoMAq project) and EC2CO (ViViMar project) programmes. The LBCM is supported by the Région Bretagne and European FEDER. A.M. and A.J. are the recipient of doctoral fellowships co-funded by the Région Bretagne, France, and the Université de Bretagne-Sud., ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017), ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), European Project: 678589,H2020,H2020-SFS-2015-2,VIVALDI(2016), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences, bacteria, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Environmental Vibrio strains represent a major threat in aquaculture, but the understanding of their virulence mechanisms heavily relies on the transposition of knowledge from human-pathogen vibrios. Here, the genetic bases of the virulence of Vibrio harveyi ORM4 towards the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata were characterized. We demonstrated that luxO, encoding a major regulator of the quorum sensing system, is crucial for the virulence of this strain, and that its deletion leads to a decrease in swimming motility, biofilm formation, and exopolysaccharide production. Furthermore, the biofilm formation by V. harveyi ORM4 was increased by abalone serum, which required LuxO. The absence of LuxO in V. harveyi ORM4 yielded opposite phenotypes compared with other Vibrio species including V. campbellii (still frequently named V. harveyi). In addition, we report a full type III secretion system (T3SS) gene cluster in the V. harveyi ORM4 genome. LuxO was shown to negatively regulate the promoter activity of exsA, encoding the major regulator of the T3SS genes, and the deletion of exsA abolished the virulence of V. harveyi ORM4. These results unveil virulence mechanisms set up by this environmentally important bacterial pathogen and pave the way for a better molecular understanding of the regulation of its pathogenicity.
Published: 2021
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20. Cinnamomum cassia and Syzygium aromaticum Essential Oils Reduce the Colonization of Salmonella Typhimurium in an In Vivo Infection Model Using Caenorhabditis elegans

Author: Emmanuel Duteil, Marie Lang, Aude Montjarret, Gilles Bedoux, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Salmonella, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pharmaceutical Science, Organic chemistry, medicine.disease_cause, Caenorhabditis elegans, swimming motility, Article, Analytical Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, QD241-441, Cassia, In vivo, Drug Discovery, medicine, Food science, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, essential oils, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, feed additives, Salmonella Typhimurium, biology, colonization assay, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Nematode, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Syzygium, Toxicity, Molecular Medicine, Cinnamomum
Abstract: The regulation of intestinal colonization in livestock by means of non-bactericidal additives is an important management lever for zoonotic bacteria such as Salmonella spp. Caenorhabditis elegans is proposed here as a model for the evaluation of five essential oils (EOs) as anti-colonization products against Salmonella Typhimurium. An evaluation of the toxicity of EOs for C. elegans showed LD50 values ranging from 74.5 ± 9.6 µg/mL for Cinnamomum cassia (CEO) to 271.6 ± 14.9 µg/mL for Syzygium aromaticum (SyEO). Both EOs significantly inhibited bacterial colonization in the digestive tract of C. elegans with reductions of 0.88 and 0.70 log CFU/nematode at nontoxic concentrations of 50 µg/mL and 150 µg/mL, respectively. With the minimal bactericidal concentrations of CEO and SyEO against S. Typhimurium being 312.5 µg/mL and 625 µg/mL, respectively, an antibacterial effect can be excluded to explain the inhibition of the bacterial load. The anti-colonizing activity of these two EOs could, however, be related to an inhibition of the swimming motility, which was significantly reduced by 23.47% for CEO at 50 µg/mL and 19.56% for SyEO at 150 µg/mL. This study shows the potential of C. elegans as a predictive in vivo model of anti-colonizing activities that is suitable for the evaluation of essential oils.
Published: 2021
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21. Participatory Qualitative Modeling to Assess the Sustainability of a Coastal Socio-Ecological System

Author: Gourguet, Sophie, Marzloff, Martin Pierre, Bacher, Cédric, Boudry, Pierre, Cugier, Philippe, Dambacher, Jeffrey Mark, Desroy, Nicolas, Gangnery, Aline, Le Mao, Patrick, Monnier, Léa, Pérez Agúndez, José, Thébaud, Olivier, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamiques de l'Environnement Côtier (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The REMAIC project was supported by the d’Excellence' LabexMER (ANR-10-LABX-19)., ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: participatory approach, loop analysis, socio-ecological system (SES), shellfish aquaculture, sustainability, Normand-Breton Gulf, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: International audience; Assessing the sustainability of socio-ecological systems requires understanding the interactions between numerous ecological, economic and social components. Models are often used to investigate how interactions shape system feedbacks and drive the complex dynamics at play in such systems. However, building these models is a non-trivial exercise, which often neglects stakeholder knowledge and perceptions. We adopted a participatory approach that relies on conducting workshops to engage stakeholders into the development of qualitative models of system feedback. This type of participatory qualitative modeling is well suited to address the complexity of socio-ecological systems in a holistic manner, identify key stakes and feedbacks, and predict responses to perturbations. We use this approach to investigate the factors that condition sustainability of the socio-ecological system associated with shellfish aquaculture in the Normand-Breton Gulf in France. Six region-specific workshops were organized with shellfish producers, managers and other stakeholders to identify and describe key components, interactions and pressures that contribute to overall socio-ecological dynamics. Differences and commonalities in system perceptions were identified across the different regions and focus groups. We reconciled stakeholder-specific discrepancies in model structure into a synthetic representation that conciliates alternative views of the system. Next, we predicted how the system might respond to alternative scenarios of change. Overall, our participatory qualitative modeling exercise identified key drivers of the system under study that constitute effective management levers to maintain system sustainability. For instance, low social acceptability of the aquaculture industry generally appears to be a major constraint on the sustainability of shellfish aquaculture in the Normand-Breton Gulf, while reducing rearing density appears to be a key driver of sustainability.
Published: 2021
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22. Poly- and Oligosaccharide Ulva sp. Fractions from Enzyme-Assisted Extraction Modulate the Metabolism of Extracellular Matrix in Human Skin Fibroblasts: Potential in Anti-Aging Dermo-Cosmetic Applications

Author: Thomas Latire, Nicolas Lebonvallet, Raphael Leschiera, Gilles Bedoux, Claudie Le Goff-Pain, Mathilde Fournière, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire sur les interactions Epithéliums Neurones (LIEN), and Université de Brest (UBO)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Proteomics, collagen, matrix metalloproteinase, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], extracellular matrix, Pharmaceutical Science, Oligosaccharides, Human skin, Cosmetics, Matrix (biology), Polysaccharide, 01 natural sciences, Article, Dermal fibroblast, Extracellular matrix, Glycosaminoglycan, 03 medical and health sciences, Ulva, Polysaccharides, Drug Discovery, Humans, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), lcsh:QH301-705.5, Cells, Cultured, 030304 developmental biology, Cell Proliferation, Skin, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Ulva sp, Gene Expression Profiling, Biological activity, Oligosaccharide, Fibroblasts, human dermal fibroblast, Skin Aging, chemistry, Biochemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), seaweed, Matrix Metalloproteinase 1, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Ulva sp. is known to be a source of bioactive compounds such as ulvans, but their biological activity on human dermal fibroblast extracellular matrix (ECM) is poorly reported. In this work, the regulation of ECM has been investigated for the first time at both proteomic and transcriptomic levels in normal human skin dermal fibroblasts, after 48 h of incubation with poly- and oligosaccharide fractions from Ulva sp. obtained after enzyme-assisted extraction and depolymerization. Cell proliferation enhancement (up to +68%) without exhibiting any cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts was demonstrated at 50 and 1000 µg/mL by both fractions. At the proteomic level, polysaccharide fractions at 1000 µg/mL enhanced the most the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs, up to +57%), total collagen, especially types I (up to +217%) and III, as well as the synthesis and activity of MMP-1 (Matrix Metalloproteinase-1, up to +309%). In contrast, oligosaccharide fractions had no effect on GAGs synthesis but exhibited similarities for collagens and MMP-1 regulation. At the transcriptomic level, the decrease of COL1A1 and COL1A2 expression, and increase of COL3A1 and MMP-1 expression, confirmed the modulation of ECM metabolism by both fractions. Our research emphasizes that poly- and oligosaccharide Ulva sp. fractions exhibit interesting biological activities and supports their potential use in the area of skin renewal for anti-aging dermo-cosmetic applications.
Published: 2021
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23. Anti-Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) activity and antioxidant capacity of carrageenan-rich enzymatic extracts from Solieria filiformis (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta)

Author: Madera-Santana Tomás, Bedoux Gilles, Bourgougnon Nathalie, Peñuela Ana, Freile-Pelegrin Yolanda, Robledo Daniel, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Antioxidant, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Carbohydrase, Herpesvirus 1, Human, 02 engineering and technology, Carrageenan, Polysaccharide, Antiviral Agents, Biochemistry, Antioxidants, Hydrolysate, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phenols, Picrates, Polysaccharides, Structural Biology, medicine, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, ABTS, Protease, biology, Plant Extracts, Biphenyl Compounds, General Medicine, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, chemistry, Rhodophyta, biology.protein, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Solieria filiformis has been reported to have molecules with various biological activities. In this study we used environmentally friendly extraction methods, such as enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), as a first step to obtain bioactive compounds from this species. Five combinations of protease (PRO) and carbohydrase (AMG) were utilized (1:0, 0:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 PRO:AMG) to obtain Water Soluble Enzymatic Hydrolysates (WSEHs). Extraction yields, biochemical and structural characterization, as well as in vitro activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and antioxidant capacities were determined. All PRO:AMG combinations significantly improved yields. EAE yielded heterogeneous extracts rich in iota-carrageenan and phenols, as confirmed by FTIR spectra. The highest antiherpetic activity (EC50 4.5 ± 0.4 μg mL−1) was found in the WSEHs obtained under 2:1 PRO:AMG. At this combination high antioxidant capacity was also obtained for ABTS (2,2′-Azino-Bis-3-ethylbenzoThiazoline-6-Sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP). These could probably play a synergistic role associated to the strong antiviral activity obtained. These results suggest that 2:1 PRO:AMG could be effective in promoting the hydrolytic breakdown of high MW polysaccharides, contributing to the improvement of WSEHs bioactivity. Although Solieria filiformis WSEHs showed promising results, further research, including separation and purification techniques are needed.
Published: 2021
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24. Phidianidine A and Synthetic Analogues as Naturally Inspired Marine Antifoulants

Author: Karine Réhel, Lindon W. K. Moodie, Johan Svenson, Jannie Staffansson, Christophe Labriere, Hugo Denardou, Gunnar Cervin, Jørn H. Hansen, Henrik Pavia, Claire Hellio, Vijayaragavan Elumalai, Tiffany Le Norcy, Department of Chemistry [Tromsø], University of Tromsø (UiT), Department of Marine Sciences [Gothenburg], University of Gothenburg (GU), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala], Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RISE Bioscience and Materials/Chemistry and Materials, and RISE Research Institutes of Sweden
Subjects: Biofouling, Pharmaceutical Science, panorama, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Indole Alkaloids, chemistry.chemical_compound, Marine bacteriophage, Ascomycota, Drug Discovery, Ic50 values, Animals, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, UBO, Pharmacology, Oxadiazoles, Natural product, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, ACL, Organic Chemistry, Thoracica, Combinatorial chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, Complementary and alternative medicine, Molecular Medicine, Chemical defense, Pharmacophore, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Stationary and slow-moving marine organisms regularly employ a natural product chemical defense to prevent being colonized by marine micro- and macroorganisms. While these natural antifoulants can be structurally diverse, they often display highly conserved chemistries and physicochemical properties, suggesting a natural marine antifouling pharmacophore. In our current report, we investigate the marine natural product phidianidine A, which displays several chemical properties found in highly potent marine antifoulants. Phidianidine A and synthetic analogues were screened against the settlement and metamorphosis of Amphibalanus improvisus cyprids, and several of the compounds displayed inhibitory activities at low micromolar concentrations with IC50 values down to 0.7 μg/mL observed. The settlement study highlights that phidianidine A is a potent natural antifoulant and that the scaffold can be tuned to generate simpler and improved synthetic analogues. The bioactivity is closely linked to the size of the compound and to its basicity. The study also illustrates that active analogues can be prepared in the absence of the natural constrained 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring. A synthetic lead analogue of phidianidine A was incorporated in a coating and included in antifouling field trials, where it was shown that the coating induced potent inhibition of marine bacteria and microalgae settlement.
Published: 2020
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25. Food sources, digestive efficiency and resource allocation in the sea cucumber Holothuria forskali (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea): Insights from pigments and fatty acids

Author: Hélène Laguerre, Gwen Herault, Cédric Hubas, Théo Bordelet, Frank David, Nadia Ameziane, Aicha Badou, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station de Biologie Marine de Concarneau, Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Holothuria forskali, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Sea cucumber, Botany, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Resource allocation, 14. Life underwater, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience; Various research projects in Europe and North Africa have recently intended to breed temperate holothurians to alleviate fishing pressure on natural populations. However, to date little is known about the nutritional requirements of East Atlantic and Mediterranean species. In this study, we propose a “natural population”‐oriented approach to characterize food sources, digestive efficiency and resources allocation based on the composition of pigments and fatty acids (FA) in gut contents and tissues (muscles, gonads and digestive tract walls) of wild individuals of the species Holothuria (Panningothuria) forskali (Delle Chiaje, 1823) sampled in Brittany (France). Our study reveals that neither green nor red algae enter the diet of H. forskali in spring and that the only fresh vegetal material found in gut contents is brown algae (very likely diatoms). The high nutritional quality of gut contents however contrasts with the detrital nature of the ingested food sources, suggesting that a trophic upgrading of organic matter occurs before digestion. In addition, unusual FA (i.e. only present in a few groups of living species) such as long‐chain monounsaturated FA (especially the FA 23:1ω9) were found in large proportions in muscles and gonad and their effect on sea cucumber fitness needs further investigation.
Published: 2020
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26. Alterocin, an Antibiofilm Protein Secreted by Pseudoalteromonas sp. Strain 3J6

Author: Erwan Corre, David Vallenet, Emilie Portier, Marjolaine Simon, Alexis Bazire, Yannick Fleury, Fanny Gaillard, Angélique Gobet, Gurvan Michel, Morgan Perennou, Albane Jouault, Alain Dufour, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche de Roscoff (FR2424), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Analyse Bio-Informatique pour la Génomique et le Métabolisme (LABGeM), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)
Subjects: Signal peptide, Operon, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.disease_cause, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, biofilm, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Pseudoalteromonas, Marine bacteriophage, medicine, 14. Life underwater, Gene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, biology, 030306 microbiology, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Biofilm, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, antibiofilm protein, Bacteria, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract: We sought to identify and study the antibiofilm protein secreted by the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain 3J6. The latter is active against marine and terrestrial bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains forming different biofilm types. Several amino acid sequences were obtained from the partially purified antibiofilm protein, named alterocin. The Pseudoalteromonas sp. 3J6 genome was sequenced, and a candidate alt gene was identified by comparing the genome-encoded proteins to the sequences from purified alterocin. Expressing the alt gene in another nonactive Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain, 3J3, demonstrated that it is responsible for the antibiofilm activity. Alterocin is a 139-residue protein that includes a predicted 20-residue signal sequence, which would be cleaved off upon export by the general secretion system. No sequence homology was found between alterocin and proteins of known functions. The alt gene is not part of an operon and adjacent genes do not seem related to alterocin production, immunity, or regulation, suggesting that these functions are not fulfilled by devoted proteins. During growth in liquid medium, the alt mRNA level peaked during the stationary phase. A single promoter was experimentally identified, and several inverted repeats could be binding sites for regulators. alt genes were found in about 30% of the Pseudoalteromonas genomes and in only a few instances of other marine bacteria of the Hahella and Paraglaciecola genera. Comparative genomics yielded the hypothesis that alt gene losses occurred within the Pseudoalteromonas genus. Overall, alterocin is a novel kind of antibiofilm protein of ecological and biotechnological interest. IMPORTANCE Biofilms are microbial communities that develop on solid surfaces or interfaces and are detrimental in a number of fields, including for example food industry, aquaculture, and medicine. In the latter, antibiotics are insufficient to clear biofilm infections, leading to chronic infections such as in the case of infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa of the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. Antibiofilm molecules are thus urgently needed to be used in conjunction with conventional antibiotics, as well as in other fields of application, especially if they are environmentally friendly molecules. Here, we describe alterocin, a novel antibiofilm protein secreted by a marine bacterium belonging to the Pseudoalteromonas genus, and its gene. Alterocin homologs were found in about 30% of Pseudoalteromonas strains, indicating that this new family of antibiofilm proteins likely plays an important albeit nonessential function in the biology of these bacteria. This study opens up the possibility of a variety of applications.
Published: 2020
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27. An Analysis of the Nutritional and Health Values of Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) and Ulva fasciata (Delile)—Two Chlorophyta Collected from the Philippines

Author: Magdugo, Rexie, Terme, Nolwenn, Lang, Marie, Pliego-Cortés, Hugo, Marty, Christel, Hurtado, Anicia, Bedoux, Gilles, Bourgougnon, Nathalie, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Université de Bretagne Sud - Vannes (UBS Vannes), and Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)
Subjects: lipids, amino acids, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], human food, biological activities, green seaweeds, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Polysaccharides, lipids and amino acid profiles were investigated to understand the nutritional value of Caulerpa racemosa and Ulva fasciata from the Philippines. The results revealed that both species contain high amounts of proteins (8.8-19.9% for C. racemosa and 8.0-11.1% for U. fasciata). The portions of the total amino acids that were essential amino acids (EAAs) (45.28 ± 0.12% for C. racemosa and 42.17 ± 0.12% for U. fasciata) out were comparable to FAO/WHO requirements. Leucine, valine, isoleucine, and lysine are the dominant EAAs in C. racemosa, while leucine, valine, lysine, and phenylalanine are those in U. fasciata. The fatty acid profiles are dominated by monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in C. racemosa (56.2%), while saturated fatty acids (72.1%) are dominant in U. fasciata. High C18/C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios were recorded in both species. Mineral contents for both seaweeds were within levels considered safe for functional foods. Total pigment content of C. racemosa (140.84 mg/g dw) was almost 20 times higher than that of U. fasciata (7.54 mg/g dw). Hot water extract (HWE) from C. racemosa showed in vitro antiherpetic activity without cytotoxicity. Nutritional characteristics confirmed that C. racemosa could be potentially used as a nutritious and functional food items for human consumption.
Published: 2020
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28. Chemical defense against microfouling by allelopathic active metabolites of Halymenia floresii (Rhodophyta)

Author: A Abdul Malik, Shareen, Bedoux, Gilles, Robledo, Daniel, García-Maldonado, José, Freile-Pelegrín, Yolanda, Bourgougnon, Nathalie, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne Sud - Vannes (UBS Vannes), and Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)
Subjects: [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020
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29. Assessing the relationship between macro-faunal burrowing activity and mudflat geomorphology from UAV-based Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry

Author: Antoine Gardel, Jules Fleury, Emma Michaud, Sylvain Morvan, Guillaume Brunier, Edward J. Anthony, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie, évolution, interactions des systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the French National Agency under the programmes 'Young Researcher' (BIOMANGO: ANR-12-JSV7-0012-01), 'Investissements d'Avenir' (LabexMER: ANR-10-LABX-19), and the Belmont Forum-ANR Project 'BF-Deltas: ANR-13-JCLI-0004, and by the 'Pépinière Interdisciplinaire de Guyane' (PIG CNRS) and by the FEDER ECOCOT. The project is a contribution of the French GDR LIGA researcher network, ANR-12-JSV7-0012,BIOMANGO,BIOdiversité et fonctionnement des écosystèmes dans les MANgroves de Guyane française : perspectives pour une gestion de l'écOsystème dans son contexte amazonien(2012), ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), ANR-13-JCLI-0004,DELTAS,Catalyser l'action vers la durabilité des systèmes deltaïques avec un cadre de modélisation intégrée d'évaluation des risques(2013), Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire de MicrobiologiE de Géochimie et d'Ecologie Marines (LMGEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), 'Pepiniere Interdisciplinaire de Guyane' (PIG CNRS)FEDER ECOCOT, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Amazon-influenced coast, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Soil Science, Intertidal zone, 02 engineering and technology, Spatial distribution, 01 natural sciences, Structure from motion, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Computers in Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Acl, Biofilm, Mudflat biogeomorphology, Geology, SfM photogrammetry, 15. Life on land, Crab burrows, 020801 environmental engineering, Photogrammetry, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, Facies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bioturbation
Abstract: International audience; Characterisation of the ecosystem functioning of mudflats requires insight on the morphology and facies of these coastal features, but also on biological processes that influence mudflat geomorphology, such as crab bioturbation and the formation of benthic biofilms, as well as their heterogeneity at cm or less scales. Insight into this fine scale of ecosystem functioning is also important as far as minimizing errors in upscaling are concerned. The realisation of high-resolution ground surveys of these mudflats without perturbing their surface is a real challenge. Here, we address this challenge using UAV-supported photogrammetry based on the Structure-from-Motion (SfM) workflow. We produced a Digital Surface Model (DSM) and an orthophotograph at 1 cm and 0.5 cm pixel resolutions, respectively, of a mudflat in French Guiana, and mapped and classed into different size ranges intricate morphological features, including crab burrow apertures, tidal drainage creeks and depressions. We also determined subtle facies and elevation changes and slopes, and the footprint of different degrees of benthic biofilm development. The results generated at this scale of photogrammetric analysis also enabled us to relate macrofaunal crab burrowing activity to various parameters, including mudflat elevation, spatial distribution and sizes of creeks and depressions, benthic biofilm distribution, and flooding duration. SfM photogrammetry offers interesting new perspectives in fine-scale characterisation of the geomorphology, benthic activity and degree of biofilm development of dynamic muddy intertidal environments that are generally difficult of access. The main shortcomings highlighted in this study are a drift of accuracy of the DSM outside areas of ground control points and the deployment of which perturb the mudflat morphology and biology, the waterlogged or very wet surfaces which generate reconstruction artefacts through the sun glint effect, and the timeconsuming task of manual interpretation of extraction of features such as crab burrow apertures. On-going developments in UAV positioning integrating RTK/PPK GPS solutions for image-georeferencing and precise orientation with high-quality inertial measurement units will limit the difficulties inherent to ground control points, while conduction of surveys during homogeneous cloudy conditions could reduce the sun-glint effect. Manual extraction of image features could be automated in the future through the use of deep-learning algorithms.
Published: 2020
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30. Quality assessment of cryopreserved black-lip pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera spermatozoa

Author: Marc Suquet, Nelly Schmitt, Gaël Le Pennec, Jacky Cosson, Marina Demoy-Schneider, Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens (UMR 241) (EIO), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Research institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology (RFC), University of South Bohemia, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Milt, endocrine system, CASA, Motility, Aquatic Science, Biology, Cryopreservation, [SDV.BDLR.RS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction, Pinctada margaritifera, Andrology, 03 medical and health sciences, Human fertilization, Spermatozoa quality, reproductive and urinary physiology, Sperm motility, Margaritifera, urogenital system, ACL, 0402 animal and dairy science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040201 dairy & animal science, Sperm, Metabolism, 030104 developmental biology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: High quality of sperm is essential to a high fertilization rate, especially post- cryopreservation. Assessment of sperm integrity, motility and energy reserves before cryopreservation is necessary for selection of milt with optimal fertilizing potential. We describe the effect of cryopreservation on the quality of black-lip pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera var. cumingii sperm. Evaluated quality indices of fresh and frozen/thawed P. margaritifera spermatozoa, included morphology, ultrastructure and motility characteristics relative to the energy content (ATP) and its capacity to be sustained by mitochondrial respiration. Morphology and ultrastructure were quantitatively evaluated using images obtained by optical microscopy assisted by the Image J software and TEM, respectively. Sperm motility was assessed using Image J software combined with a computer assisted sperm analysis plugin adapted for assessing P. margaritifera spermatozoa. Other sperm quality parameters evaluated included O2 consumption, ATP content, and creatine kinase activity. Frozen/thawed spermatozoa exhibited damage to the head but retained a compact spherical shape. Sperm motility indicators showed a significant decrease in quality resulting from the freeze/thaw process. The percent of motile cells was 54% compared to 84% in fresh sperm, O2 consumption was 4.8 compared to 44 nanomol min−1, ATP content was 0.72 nmol/109 spermatozoa in the activating medium compared to 4.54 nmol/109 spermatozoa, and creatine kinase activity was 9.06 × 10−5 IU mg−1 protein compared to 12.5 × 10−5 IU mg−1 protein. The cryopreservation protocol allowed obtaining an acceptable motility rate after thawing, confirming the predictive value of sperm motility measurements before cryopreservation in terms of their ability to withstand freezing process.
Published: 2018
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31. Diatom Frustules Nanostructure in Pelagic and Benthic Environments

Author: Aude Leynaert, C. Fardel, C. Soler, Pierre-Emmanuel Durand, B. Beker, Philippe Pondaven, G. Delebecq, A. Lemercier, Kevin Heggarty, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Télécom Bretagne - Brest, Télécom Bretagne, French National Research Agency (ANR Blanc - CHIVAS project), University of Western Brittany (UBO-BQR, IPOD project), ANR-09-BLAN-0335,CHIVAS,Chimie des valves de la coquille Saint-Jacques européenne, archives multiproxies de la dynamique phytoplanctonique(2009), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: Biomineralization, 0106 biological sciences, Biotope, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Materials science, Light, Frustule, Silicification, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Cell wall, Benthic and pelagic diatoms, 14. Life underwater, Bacillariophyta, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, biology, Ecology, ACL, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Microphytobenthos, Pelagic zone, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Diatom, Benthic zone, Frustule structure, Ultrastructure, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; Diatoms are an important group of eukaryotic microalgae with a siliceous cell wall, the frustule. Diatoms are traditionally subdivided into two sub-classes, namely centric diatoms with a radial symmetry and pennate diatoms with a bilateral symmetry. These two groups of diatoms have usually biotope preferences, with centric diatoms dominating the pelagic environments, whereas the benthic habitats are mostly inhabited by pennate diatoms. The question of how the morphology of diatoms (centric versus pennate) or the ultrastructure of the frustule could be driven by ecological constrains remains unclear. For example, some studies have suggested that the structure of the diatom frustule could play a role in the light harvesting performances. In this work, we studied the variations of the diatom frustules nanostructure in several benthic and pelagic species inhabiting the same coastal ecosystem, particularly the ultrastructure that includes the distribution and size of the frustule pores. Although the species studied here experience different ecological constrains in term of light, we found no significant differences between benthic and pelagic species, in either the size of the pores (average =285 (+/- 108) nm) or the distance between them (average =234 (+/- 87) nm). Moreover, the intra-species variability was sometimes larger than the variability observed between cells from different genera. We concluded that the pore morphometry is controlled by a combination of genetically-driven processes of bio-mineralization, and episodic variations in environmental growth conditions which influence the chemical precipitation of silica within the cells.
Published: 2018
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32. Isolation and characterisation of an enterocin P-producing Enterococcus lactis strain from a fresh shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)

Author: Patrick Le Chevalier, Taoufik Ghrairi, Paola Cremonesi, Yannick Fleury, Omrane Bel Hadj, Khaled Hani, Olfa Ben Braïek, Stefano Morandi, Hamdi Ghomrassi, Université de Sousse, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (LUBEM), Université de Brest (UBO), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de biochimie, Faculté de médecine de Sousse [Ibn EL Jazzar], Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de l'Environnement, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Antibiotic resistance, Bacteriocin, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Virulence, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacteriocins, Penaeidae, Listeria monocytogenes, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Lactic acid bacteria, medicine, Animals, Antibiotic resistance Bacteriocin Enterococcus lactis Lactic acid bacteria Shrimps Virulence factors, Molecular Biology, Virulence factors, Strain (chemistry), biology, food and beverages, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Biopreservation, Enterococcus, Lactococcus garvieae, Enterococcus lactis, Shrimps, Bacteria
Abstract: International audience; Screening for lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from fresh shrimp samples (Penaeus vannamei) collected from retail seafood markets in the Tunisian's coast, resulted in the isolation of an Enterococcus strain termed Q1. This strain was selected for its antagonistic activity against pathogenic bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Lactococcus garvieae and against fungi (Aspergillus niger and Fusarium equiseti). The Q1 strain was characterised using standard morphological and biochemical tests, growth assays at different temperatures, pH and salinity. 16S rRNA, rpoA and pheS gene sequencing, as well as the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer analyses, were combined to identify strain Q1 as a strain of Enterococcus lactis. The bacteriocin produced by E. lactis Q1 is thermostable, active in the pH range from 4.0 to 9.0 and has a bactericidal mode of action. The enterocin P structural gene was detected by specific PCR in strain E. lactis Q1, which is in good agreement with SDS-PAGE data of the purified bacteriocin. A lack of significant antibiotic resistance genes and virulence determinants was confirmed by specific PCRs. This work provides the first description of an enterocin P producer E. lactis strain isolated from a fresh shrimp. Based on its safety properties (absence of haemolytic activity, virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes), this strain has the potential to be used as a natural additive or adjunct protective culture in food biopreservation and/or probiotic culture.
Published: 2017
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33. Draft Genome Sequences of Four Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Strains with Various Biofilm Phenotypes

Author: Olivier Lesouhaitier, Albane Jouault, Emeline Bouffartigues, Alexis Bazire, Elise Persyn, Emilie Portier, Amine M. Boukerb, Sylvie Chevalier, Jocelyne Caillon, Erwan Pernet, Alain Dufour, Marjolaine Simon, Marc G. J. Feuilloley, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
Subjects: congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, 0303 health sciences, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Genome Sequences, Biofilm, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Genome, C content, Phenotype, Cystic fibrosis, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous), Genetics, medicine, Molecular Biology, Genome size, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Biofilms produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa present a serious threat to cystic fibrosis patients. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of four cystic fibrosis isolates displaying various mucoid and biofilm phenotypes. The estimated average genome size was about 6,255,986 ± 50,202 bp with a mean G+C content of 66.52 ± 0.06%.
Published: 2020
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34. How to model social-ecological systems? – A case study on the effects of a future offshore wind farm on the local society and ecosystem, and whether social compensation matters

Author: Haraldsson, Matilda, Raoux, Aurore, Riera, Fabien, Hay, Julien, Dambacher, Jeffrey M., Niquil, Nathalie, Department of Marine Sciences [Gothenburg], University of Gothenburg (GU), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CSIRO Marine and Atmosphere Research [Hobart], Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: local participation, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Renewable energy, environmental impact assessment, quantitative analysis, future prospect, Qualitative modeling, wind farm, Eastern English channel, Network, development project, social impact assessment, decision making, Acceptance, participatory approach, Perception, stakeholder, numerical model, complexity, offshore structure, comparative study
Abstract: Publisher: Elsevier Ltd; International audience; Models of social-ecological systems (SES) are acknowledged as an important tool to understand human-nature relations. However, many SES models fail to integrate adequate information from both the human and ecological subsystems. With an example model of a future Offshore Wind Farm development and its effects on both the ecosystem and local human population, we illustrate a method facilitating a “balanced” SES model, in terms of including information from both subsystems. We use qualitative mathematical modeling, which allows to quickly analyze the structure and dynamics of a system without including quantitative data, and therefore to compare alternative system structures based on different understandings of how the system works. By including similar number of system variables in the two subsystems, we balanced the complexity between them. Our analyses show that this complexity is important in order to predict indirect and sometimes counterintuitive effects. We also highlight some conceptually important questions concerning social compensations during developmental projects in general, and wind farms in particular. Our results suggest that the more project holders get involved in various manner in the local socio-ecological system, the more society will benefit as a whole. Increased involvement through e.g. new projects or job-opportunities around the windfarm has the capacity to offset the negative effects of the windfarm on the local community. These benefits are enhanced when there is an overall acceptance and appropriation of the project. We suggest this method as a tool to support the decision-making process and to facilitate discussions between stakeholders, especially among local communities. © The Authors
Published: 2020
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35. Bioactivity of compounds secreted by symbiont bacteria of Nudibranchs from Indonesia

Author: Kristiana, Rhesi, Bedoux, Gilles, Pals, Gerard, Mudianta, I. Wayan, Taupin, Laure, Marty, Christel, Asagabaldan, Meezan Ardhanu, Ayuningrum, Diah, Trianto, Agus, Bourgougnon, Nathalie, Radjasa, Ocky Karna, Sabdono, Agus, Hanafi, Muhammad, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Université de Bretagne Sud - Vannes (UBS Vannes), and Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)
Subjects: [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020
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36. The microbiome of Codium tomentosum: original state and in the presence of copper

Author: Erwan Ar Gall, Gaël Le Pennec, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Codium tomentosum, Physiology, Microorganism, marine macroalgae, nitrogen-fixation, Context (language use), Biology, Holobiont, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, diversity, 03 medical and health sciences, Chlorophyta, bioremediation, 010608 biotechnology, Botany, Seawater, Water Pollutants, Microbiome, bacteria, algae, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, Host (biology), Microbiota, ACL, molecular-identification, Bacteriome, Biodiversity, General Medicine, Seaweed, biology.organism_classification, fucus-spiralis, Trace Elements, Thallus, waters, metal pollution, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Copper, Biotechnology
Abstract: WOS:000492408400001; Codium tomentosum, as all organisms, hosts transiently and permanently numerous microorganisms. These holobionts can undergo environmental pressures influencing both partners creating modifications/imbalances within the associations, which may directly influence their physiological status by selecting tolerant bacteria. Furthermore, the capability of remediation of the associated bacterioflora, in particular of metallic trace elements, may provide the host with survival potential in polluted environments. In this context, we incubated C. tomentosum thalli in the presence of copper and studied its influence on the reference bacteriome. Whatever the concentration of copper, no shift was evidenced on the bacteriome at the phylum level. However, a high copper concentration enriched the bacteriome of C. tomentosum in both the genera Clostridium and Pseudolteromonas.
Published: 2019
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37. Carbon and silica megasink in deep-sea sediments of the Congo terminal lobes

Author: Martial Taillefert, Karine Olu, Mélanie Raimonet, Lucie Pastor, Jean-Louis Reyss, Olivier Ragueneau, Philippe Martinez, Laurence Méjanelle, Laurence Droz, P. Michalopoulos, Elsa Stetten, François Baudin, Christophe Rabouille, Bernard Dennielou, Audrey M. Pruski, Johann Schnyder, Julie Tourolle, Alexis Khripounoff, Livio Ruffine, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Océan et Interfaces (OCEANIS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Marines (GM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Environnement Profond (LEP), Etudes des Ecosystèmes Profonds (EEP), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des environnements benthiques (LECOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Paléoenvironnemements Paléoclimats, Bassins (ISTEP-PPB), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], ANR-11-BS56-0030,CONGOLOBE,Transfert de carbone organique et fonctionnement des écosystèmes dans les lobes terminaux de l'éventail sous-marin du Congo(2011), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IFREMER- Département Etude des Ecosystèmes Profonds (DEEP/LEP), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Conception, Optimisation et Modélisation des Systèmes (LCOMS), Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Biogeochemical cycle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, Sedimentology-marine cores, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Submarine canyon, 01 natural sciences, Deep sea, South Atlantic, Paleoceanography, Organic geochemistry, 14. Life underwater, Glacial period, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Total organic carbon, Present, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, ACL, Geology, Last Glacial Maximum, 13. Climate action, Inorganic geochemistry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Carbon and silicon cycles at the Earth surface are linked to long-term variations of atmospheric CO2 and oceanic primary production. In these cycles, the river-sea interface is considered a biogeochemical hotspot, and deltas presently receive and preserve a major fraction of riverine particles in shallow water sediments. In contrast, periods of glacial maximum lowstand were characterized by massive exports of sediments to the deep-sea via submarine canyons and accumulation in deep-sea fans. Here, we calculate present-day mass balances for organic carbon (OC) and amorphous silica (aSi) in the terminal lobe complex of the Congo River deep-sea fan as an analogue for glacial periods. We show that this lobe complex constitutes a megasink with the current accumulation of 18 and 35% of the OC and aSi river input, respectively. This increases the estimates of organic carbon burial by 19% in the South Atlantic Ocean in a zone representing less than 0.01% of the basin. These megasinks might have played a role in carbon trapping in oceanic sediments during glacial times.
Published: 2019
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38. Some Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from the Java Sea, central Indonesian Archipelago, with a description of Pleurocodonellina jeparaensis n. sp. (Smittinidae)

Author: Nathalie Bourgougnon, Meezan Ardhanu Asagabaldan, Gilles Bedoux, Rhesi Kristiana, Ocky Karna Radjasa, Agus Sabdono, A. Magueresse, Agus Trianto, Prastyo Abi Widyananto, Diah Ayuningrum, Sakti Imam Muchlissin, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), and Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Java, 010607 zoology, Intertidal zone, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Bryozoa, Smittinidae, Poricellariidae, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Gymnolaemata, Lepraliellidae, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Animalia, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Bivalve shell, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, computer.programming_language, Taxonomy, Cheilostomatida, Phidoloporidae, Islands, biology, Ecology, National park, Cheilostomata, Onychocellidae, Water, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, Bivalvia, Indonesia, Animal Science and Zoology, Bay, computer, Candidae
Abstract: The Java Sea region has a high diversity of marine organisms of interest to scientists and tourists alike. Neglected among this diversity are intertidal bryozoans, relatively few of which have been reported from this area. Here we describe six species, one of which is new to science. These were collected from three shallow-water localities—Karimunjawa Marine National Park, Awur Bay and Panjang Island—in the south-central part of the sea. The five known species belong to the families Candidae, Poricellariidae, Onychocellidae, Lepraliellidae, and Phidoloporidae. The new species, Pleurocodonellina jeparaensis n. sp. (Smittinidae), is found at Awur Bay, attached to a bivalve shell fragment. Biogeographically, the suite of species is predominantly tropical Indo-West Pacific in distribution, representing a small fraction of the additional hundreds of species that are anticipated for the Java Sea region.
Published: 2019
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39. Production of Active Poly- and Oligosaccharidic Fractions from Ulva sp. by Combining Enzyme-Assisted Extraction (EAE) and Depolymerization

Author: Thomas Latire, Marie Lang, Nolwenn Terme, Mathilde Fournière, Gilles Bedoux, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne Sud - Vannes (UBS Vannes), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and GDR 3711CNRS Cosm’Actifs
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Ammonium sulfate, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, lcsh:QR1-502, 02 engineering and technology, Fractionation, enzyme-assisted extraction, Polysaccharide, Biochemistry, lcsh:Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lipoxygenase, green seaweed, ulvan, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Ammonium, depolymerization, Molecular Biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, endo-protease Protamex ®, endo-protease Protamex®, Chromatography, biology, Depolymerization, Extraction (chemistry), polysaccharide, human dermal fibroblast, lipoxygenase, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 6. Clean water, 030104 developmental biology, Enzyme, chemistry, biology.protein, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Data on fractionation and depolymerization of the matrix ulvan polysaccharides, and studies on the biological activities on skin cells, are very scarce. In this work, crude ulvans were produced by using EAE (enzyme-assisted extraction) and compared to maceration (an established procedure). After different fractionation procedures—ethanolic precipitation, dialysis, or ammonium sulfate precipitation—the biochemical composition showed that EAE led to an increased content in ulvans. Coupling EAE to sulfate ammonium precipitation led to protein enrichment. Oligosaccharides were obtained by using radical depolymerization by H2O2 and ion-exchange resin depolymerization. Sulfate groups were partially cleaved during these chemical treatments. The potential bioactivity of the fractions was assessed using a lipoxygenase inhibition assay for anti-inflammatory activity and a WST-1 assay for human dermal fibroblast viability and proliferation. All ulvans extracts, poly- and oligosaccharidic fractions from EAE, expanded the fibroblast proliferation rate up to 62%. Our research emphasizes the potential use of poly- and oligosaccharidic fractions of Ulva sp. for further development in cosmetic applications.
Published: 2019
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40. Stress tolerance and photoadaptation to solar radiation in Rhodymenia pseudopalmata (Rhodophyta) through mycosporine-like amino acids, phenolic compounds, and pigments in an Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture system

Author: Hugo Pliego-Cortés, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Gilles Bedoux, Daniel Robledo, Romain Boulho, Laure Taupin, Yolanda Freile-Pelegrín, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Photoinhibition, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, DPPH, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Pigment, chemistry.chemical_compound, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 14. Life underwater, Food science, Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Thallus, Salinity, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Photosynthetically active radiation, Photoprotection, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: Rhodymenia pseudopalmata lives in the intertidal zone receiving high doses of solar radiation, including the potentially harmful UVR. Previous studies proved it ability to adapt to different artificial light intensities and salinity concentrations. The aim of this study was to describe the differences on the Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), phenolic compounds, and pigments of R. pseudopalmata due to exposure to high solar radiation. Vegetative thalli were exposed to solar radiation using a Solar Exposure Chambers System (SECS) under an Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) approach with marine fish culture. Samples from natural populations in Playa de Carmen, Mexico were included as reference. The biosynthesis of MAAs, and phenolic compounds were stimulated as a response to the stress caused by the exposure to high solar irradiation. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) revealed seven MAAs and their precursor deoxygadusol. Five MAAs were partially characterized through MS2 and fragmentation patterns suggested a common fragmentation pattern pathway. After seven days (D7), the MAAs total content was significant five-fold higher compared to wild populations (0.26 ± 0.1 mg g−1 DW). The Individual composition increased from four MAAs at D0, up to eight at D7, including deoxygadusol, palythene and usujirene, MAAs with high antioxidant activity. At D7, phenolic compounds increased up to 20%, and the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant activity reduced the IC50 to 4.0 ± 0.6 mg mL−1. The pigment content, Phycoerythrin (PE):Chl-a, and MAAs:Chl-a ratios might confer a unique photoprotection role from PE and MAAs to Chl-a. Similarly, Fv/Fm which was adapted to the variations of Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR) indicated a process of dynamic photoinhibition. Overall, our results evidenced the ability of this species to tolerate the stress to high solar irradiance and suggested the photoadaptation of the thalli. Farming possibilities, expected MAAs productivity, potential applications of MAAs and ecological considerations are also discussed.
Published: 2019
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41. New Insights into and Updates on Antimicrobial Agents from Natural Products

Author: Artur Alves, Chedly Chouchani, Yannick Fleury, Allaeddin El Salabi, Taoufik Ghrairi, Sophie Jaraud, Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de l'Environnement, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (LUBEM), Université de Brest (UBO), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Biological Products, Article Subject, General Immunology and Microbiology, Bacteria, 030306 microbiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, General Medicine, Computational biology, Biology, Plants, Antimicrobial, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Natural (archaeology), Water Purification, 03 medical and health sciences, Editorial, Anti-Infective Agents, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019
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42. Protective Efficacy of a Pseudoalteromonas Strain in European Abalone, Haliotis tuberculata, Infected with Vibrio harveyi ORM4

Author: Hélène Laguerre, Yannick Fleury, Clément Offret, Jérôme Mounier, Benjamin Brillet, Patrick Le Chevalier, Vincent Rochard, Sylvain Huchette, laboratoire universitaire de biodiversité et écologie microbienne- IUT de Quimper (LUBEM Quimper), Université de Brest (UBO), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (LUBEM), Scea France Haliotis, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oyster, food.ingredient, Abalone, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gastropoda, 030106 microbiology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Pseudoalteromonas, Aquaculture, Hemolymph, biology.animal, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Haliotis, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, Vibrio harveyi, business.industry, fungi, biology.organism_classification, Bacterial Load, Vibrio, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Vibrio Infections, Molecular Medicine, business
Abstract: The hemolymph of healthy marine invertebrates is known to harbor antibiotic-producing bacteria belonging to the genus Pseudoalteromonas. Such strains are potential probiotics to control infectious diseases in aquaculture. In the present study, we screened a collection of Pseudoalteromonas strains isolated from the hemolymph of oyster and mussel for antimicrobial activity against Vibrio harveyi, a pathogenic species responsible for high mortality in abalone. Subsequently, the protective efficacy of the most active strain named hCg-6 was investigated in abalone culture faced with a Vibrio harveyi ORM4 infection. First, we have controlled the Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 safety for abalone health. To that end, animals were immersed for 4 h in Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 suspensions in seawater. The abalone viability was monitored and Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 was tracked by quantitative-PCR in abalone hemolymph. After immersion, no abalone death occurred while the strain hCg-6 was significantly detected in hemolymph. Therefore, the strain hCg-6 was considered safe for abalone and evaluated for its ability to protect abalone against V. harveyi (injection of 1 × 103 Vibrio per animal). A 4-h long immersion of abalone in a seawater suspension of Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 (1 × 106 CFU mL−1) prior to infection with Vibrio harveyi significantly improved the abalone viability. Indeed, 15 days post infection, the hCg-6 treatment used increased the abalone survival rate from 16% in untreated animals to 40% in treated abalone. We hypothesized that Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 antibacterial activity increased the hemomicrobiota shielding effect. In conclusion, Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 is a promising anti-Vibrio strain for abalone culture.
Published: 2019
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43. Potential antifouling properties of copper loaded zeolites on fouling diatoms

Author: Florian Traon, Karine Réhel, Isabelle Linossier, Fabienne Faÿ, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Biofouling, Metal, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, Microalgae growth, Amphora sp, Zeolite, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fouling, Chemistry, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Copper, 0104 chemical sciences, Chemical engineering, 13. Climate action, Mechanics of Materials, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Leaching (metallurgy), 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Biofouling is a phenomenon affecting all the infrastructures immerged in marine and freshwater environments. This colonization leads to a deterioration of the surfaces implied and affects the performances of the different structures as the decrease of ship speed or the increase of fuel consumption. Polemics around harmful antifouling coatings being more and more concerning, an alternative to toxic compounds is here proposed. The effect of three different zeolites, pure or copper loaded, is evaluated on two fouling diatoms, Cylindrotheca closterium and Amphora sp. These organisms display different sensitivities to copper usually used in antifouling paint. Finally, it has been shown that pure zeolites had stimulating effect on microalgae growth while copper loaded ones seemed efficient to inhibit their development. However, natural zeolite appeared less effective than the two synthetic after 7 days incubation. These differences seemed to be due to the bonds created by copper in the materials and to the leaching of metallic ions. Finally, the constant release of active agent in the medium by the minerals appeared to be the key for an interesting application in antifouling systems.
Published: 2021
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44. Alterins Produced by Oyster-Associated Pseudoalteromonas Are Antibacterial Cyclolipopeptides with LPS-Binding Activity

Author: Yannick Fleury, Abderrafek El Harras, Martine Pugnière, Florie Desriac, Benjamin Brillet, Patrick Le Chevalier, Matthieu Simon, Arnaud Bondon, Patrice Got, Delphine Destoumieux-Garzón, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements (IHPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Modat, Anne
Subjects: Oyster, Pharmaceutical Science, Human pathogen, Context (language use), Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Pseudoalteromonas, Immune system, antibiotic, biology.animal, Drug Discovery, Hemolymph, [SDV.BID.EVO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], lcsh:QH301-705.5, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), 030304 developmental biology, cyclolipopeptides, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology.organism_classification, lcsh:Biology (General), bacteria, Antibacterial activity, alterin, Bacteria
Abstract: Discovery after discovery, host-associated microbiota reveal a growing list of positive effects on host homeostasis by contributing to host nutrition, improving hosts' immune systems and protecting hosts against pathogens. In that context, a collection of oyster associated bacteria producing antibacterial compounds have been established to evaluate their role in non-host-derived immunity. Here, we described alterins, potent anti-Gram negative compounds produced by Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 and hCg-42 isolated from different healthy oyster hemolymph. The strains hCg-6 and hCg-42 produce a set of at least seven antibacterial compounds, ranging from 926 to 982 Da structurally characterized as cyclolipopeptides (CLPs). Alterins share the same cationic heptapeptidic cycle connected via an amido bond to different hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails. Their MICs disclosed a potent antibacterial activity directed against Gram-negative bacteria including oyster and human pathogens that may confer a beneficial defense mechanism to the host but also represents an untapped source of new antibiotics. The alterins&rsquo, mechanisms of action have been deciphered: after binding to lipopolysaccharides (LPS), alterins provoke a membrane depolarization and permeabilization leading to bacterial lysis. As hCg-6 and hCg-42 produced a set of natural derivatives, the structure/activity relationship linked to the carbon tail is clarified. We showed that the hydrocarbon tail determines the LPS-binding properties of alterins and consequently their antibacterial activities. Its length and saturation seem to play a major role in this interaction.
Published: 2020
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45. An Analysis of the Nutritional and Health Values of Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) and Ulva fasciata (Delile)—Two Chlorophyta Collected from the Philippines

Author: Christel Marty, Nathalie Bourgougnon, Gilles Bedoux, Marie Lang, Anicia Q. Hurtado, Hugo Pliego-Cortés, Rexie Magdugo, Nolwenn Terme, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine (LBCM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Université de Bretagne Sud - Vannes (UBS Vannes), and Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pharmaceutical Science, Chlorophyta, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, lcsh:QD241-441, lipids, Caulerpa racemosa, lcsh:Organic chemistry, Valine, 010608 biotechnology, Drug Discovery, Food science, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, amino acids, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, human food, Organic Chemistry, biological activities, Fatty acid, biology.organism_classification, green seaweeds, Amino acid, chemistry, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Molecular Medicine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract: Polysaccharides, lipids and amino acid profiles were investigated to understand the nutritional value of Caulerpa racemosa and Ulva fasciata from the Philippines. The results revealed that both species contain high amounts of proteins (8.8&ndash, 19.9% for C. racemosa and 8.0&ndash, 11.1% for U. fasciata). The portions of the total amino acids that were essential amino acids (EAAs) (45.28 &plusmn, 0.12% for C. racemosa and 42.17 &plusmn, 0.12% for U. fasciata) out were comparable to FAO/WHO requirements. Leucine, valine, isoleucine, and lysine are the dominant EAAs in C. racemosa, while leucine, valine, lysine, and phenylalanine are those in U. fasciata. The fatty acid profiles are dominated by monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in C. racemosa (56.2%), while saturated fatty acids (72.1%) are dominant in U. fasciata. High C18/C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios were recorded in both species. Mineral contents for both seaweeds were within levels considered safe for functional foods. Total pigment content of C. racemosa (140.84 mg/g dw) was almost 20 times higher than that of U. fasciata (7.54 mg/g dw). Hot water extract (HWE) from C. racemosa showed in vitro antiherpetic activity without cytotoxicity. Nutritional characteristics confirmed that C. racemosa could be potentially used as a nutritious and functional food items for human consumption.
Published: 2020
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46. Contribution of resuspended sedimentary particles to dissolved iron and manganese in the ocean : an experimental study

Author: Nicolas Gayet, Eric Viollier, Ewan Pelleter, Hélène Planquette, Marie Cheize, Eva Bucciarelli, Robert M. Sherrell, Sandrine Cheron, Jessica N. Fitzsimmons, M. Le Goff, C. Liorzou, Christophe Lambert, Géraldine Sarthou, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Rutgers University [Newark], Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Department of Oceanography [College Station], Texas A&M University [College Station], Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire Environnement Profond (LEP), ANR-12-PDOC-0025,BITMAP,Biodisponibilité du fer et des métaux traces dans les particules marines(2012), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Brest, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Cycles Géochimiques et ressources (LCG), Géosciences Marines (GM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Etudes des Ecosystèmes Profonds (EEP)
Subjects: Biogeochemical cycle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geotraces, Iron, Biogenic silica, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Kerguelen, Water column, Geochemistry and Petrology, Phytoplankton, [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology, 14. Life underwater, Southern Ocean, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Manganese, Suspended particle dissolution, ACL, Sediment, Geology, Particulates, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Seawater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: A number of trace metals play essential roles in marine ecosystem structure and biological productivity. Until recently, it has been argued that phytoplankton access primarily dissolved iron, while particulate iron was considered a refractory material with little use biologically and limited interaction with the dissolved pool. In order to assess the transfer mechanisms between sediment-sourced particulate trace metals and the dissolved pool, we conducted a 14-month incubation that reacted resuspended sediments with natural seawater, both originating from the Kerguelen area (KEOPS cruises; Southern Ocean), in the dark, and at concentrations replicating natural conditions. Three types of sediments were investigated (named BioSi, BioSi + Ca, and Basalt), mostly composed of (i) biogenic silica (bSiO2), (ii) bSiO2 and calcite, and (iii) basaltic fragments, respectively. The release of dissolved silicon (dSi), iron (dFe) and manganese (dMn) was monitored regularly throughout the incubation, as well as living bacteria density and Fe organic ligands. Depending on the origin and composition of the sediment, unique dFe and dMn fluxes were observed, including a strong decoupling between dFe and dMn. The basaltic sediment released up to 1.09 ± 0.04 nmol L−1 of dFe and 0.28 ± 0.09 nmol L−1 of dMn, while the biogenic sediments released a higher 3.91 ± 0.04 nmol L−1 and 8.03 ± 0.42 nmol L−1 of dFe and dMn, respectively. Several factors influencing the release and removal of dFe and dMn were discernable at the temporal sampling resolution of the incubation, including the structural composition of the sediment, bacterial abundance, and the formation of manganese oxides. The regular sampling over short timescales and the extended sampling over one year proved to be critical to constrain the processes and exchanges that govern the contribution of the particulate to the dissolved pools. Overall, this incubation provides a strong basis for reassessing the role of resuspended sedimentary particles in the marine biogeochemical cycles of Fe and Mn. Indeed, we show that biogenic silica, calcite-rich and basaltic particles can contribute substantial dissolved Fe and Mn to the overlying water column. In the future, the global extent of this previously overlooked external metal source should be quantified through further process studies and biogeochemical models. This article is part of a special issue entitled: “Cycles of trace elements and isotopes in the ocean – GEOTRACES and beyond” - edited by Tim M. Conway, Tristan Horner, Yves Plancherel, and Aridane G. Gonzalez.
Published: 2019
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47. Photo-protective compounds in red macroalgae from Brittany: Considerable diversity in mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs)

Author: Fanny Lalegerie, Laure Taupin, Valérie Stiger-Pouvreau, Sirine Lajili, Solène Connan, Gilles Bedoux, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Pigments, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Algae, Ultraviolet Rays, Red algae, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pigment, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Botany, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Metabolites, Photo-protection, 14. Life underwater, MAAs, Amino Acids, Carotenoid, Phylogeny, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Abiotic component, chemistry.chemical_classification, Diversity, biology, Chemistry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Phycobiliprotein, ACL, General Medicine, Seaweed, biology.organism_classification, Adaptation, Physiological, Pollution, Amino acid, visual_art, Rhodophyta, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Screening, Composition (visual arts), France, HPLC
Abstract: International audience; To cope with the biotic and abiotic stresses experienced within their environment, marine macroalgae have developed certain defence mechanisms including the synthesis of photo-protective molecules against light and particularly harmful UV radiation. The aim of this study was to screen selected red algae, a highly diverse phylogenetic group, for the production of photo-protective molecules. The pigment content and composition (Le. chlorophyll-a, phycobiliproteins and carotenoids) and the composition of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) were studied in 40 species of red macroalgae collected in Brittany (France), at two distinct periods (i.e. February and July 2017). A high inter-specific variability was demonstrated in terms of pigment content and MAA composition. Twenty-three potential MAAs were detected by HPLC, and six were identified by LC-MS (i.e. shinorine, palythine, asterina-330, porphyra-334, usurijene and palythene). This is the first study to report on the composition of pigments and MAAs in a diverse group of red seaweeds from Brittany, including some species for which the MAA composition has never been studied before. Nevertheless, the results suggested that some species of red algae are more likely to cope with high levels of light radiation since those species such as Bostrychia scorpioides, Porphyra dioica, Gracilaria vermiculophylla and Vertebrata lanosa are living in environments exposed to higher levels of irradiation, and had various MAAs in addition to their photo-protective pigments.
Published: 2019
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48. A new method for evaluation of antifouling activity of molecules against microalgal biofilms using confocal laser scanning microscopy-microfluidic flow-cells

Author: Isabelle Linossier, Claudia Zea Obando, Karine Réhel, Tiffany Le Norcy, Claire Hellio, Fabienne Faÿ, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Laser scanning, Confocal, 030106 microbiology, Microfluidics, Kinetics, coatings, 010501 environmental sciences, surfaces, clsm, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, diatoms, Biomaterials, Biofouling, 03 medical and health sciences, Microalgae, Molecule, Cylindrotheca closterium, Porphyridium purpureum, Waste Management and Disposal, metabolites, attachment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, phosphorus removal, Chemistry, marine-bacteria, ACL, Biofilm, Methodology, Adhesion, Antifouling, adhesion strength, Flow-cell, communities, cultivation, Biophysics, Bioassay, Multi-well plate, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: WOS:000464485900007; Regulatory developments regarding antifouling molecules encourage the search for non-toxic substances. Evaluation tools must evolve to highlight anti-adhesion effects rather than growth inhibition. The work presented here aimed at developing a method based on confocal laser scanning microscopy-microfluidic flow-cells in order to characterize microalgal biofilms. The first part of the work was dedicated to the setting-up of experimental parameters allowing the production of microalgal biofilms. The results obtained showed that it was indeed possible to produce reproducibly biofilms. The size of microalgal strains appeared to be a key-parameter in the adhesion rate and cells adhesion strength. Cylindrotheca closterium cells adhered in lower amount but formed denser biofilms than Porphyridium purpureum. The second part of the work focused on the evaluation of a known antifouling molecule, dibromohemibastadin-1 (DBHB). A comparison with the conventionally used method, multi-well plates experiments, was established. The multi-well plates experiments allowed the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for growth and adhesion inhibition (around 80 mu M). The flow-cells combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) enabled the observation of biofilm, the determination of kinetics parameters of adhesion and an estimation of the adhesion strength.
Published: 2019
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49. Relation between Biofilm Condition and Virulence in Vibrio tapetis: A Transcriptomic Study

Author: Rodrigues, Sophie, Paillard, Christine, Van Dillen, Sabine, Tahrioui, Ali, Berjeaud, Jean-Marc, Dufour, Alain, Bazire, Alexis, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: virulence, Vibrio tapetis, brown ring disease, quorum sensing, type VI secretion system, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, transcriptome, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, biofilm
Abstract: International audience; Marine pathogenic bacteria are able to form biofilms on many surfaces, such as mollusc shells, and they can wait for the appropriate opportunity to induce their virulence. Vibrio tapetis can develop such biofilms on the inner surface of shells of the Ruditapes philippinarum clam, leading to the formation of a brown conchiolin deposit in the form of a ring, hence the name of the disease: Brown Ring Disease. The virulence of V. tapetis is presumed to be related to its capacity to form biofilms, but the link has never been clearly established at the physiological or genetic level. In the present study, we used RNA-seq analysis to identify biofilm- and virulence-related genes displaying altered expression in biofilms compared to the planktonic condition. A flow cell system was employed to grow biofilms to obtain both structural and transcriptomic views of the biofilms. We found that 3615 genes were differentially expressed, confirming that biofilm and planktonic lifestyles are very different. As expected, the differentially expressed genes included those involved in biofilm formation, such as motility- and polysaccharide synthesis-related genes. The data show that quorum sensing is probably mediated by the AI-2/LuxO system in V. tapetis biofilms. The expression of genes encoding the Type VI Secretion System and associated exported proteins are strongly induced, suggesting that V. tapetis activates this virulence factor when living in biofilm.
Published: 2018
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50. Governing the Southern Ocean: The science-policy interface as thorny issue

Author: Choquet Anne, Danto Anatole, Faure Chloé, Mazé Camille, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherches sur l'Action Politique en Europe (ARENES), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Rennes-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNRS, LTER, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AgroParisTech, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Rennes-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut des sciences et industries du vivant et de l'environnement (ISIVE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Gestion environnementale, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, LTER, Antarctique, 01 natural sciences, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, Océan austral, TAAF, Environmental resource management, ZATA, 010601 ecology, Geography, Gestion des pêches, Science policy, Fisheries management, Recherche socio-écosystémique à long terme, Marine conservation, Environmental management, Fishing, Climate change, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, LTSER, Long term social-ecological research, Zone Atelier Antarctique et Subantarctique, Recherche écologique à long terme, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, Action de l'Etat en Mer, ACL, 15. Life on land, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, Long term ecological research, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, Terres australes et antarctiques françaises, Southern ocean, Action of State at sea, 13. Climate action, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Marine protected area, Antarctic, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Tourism
Abstract: International audience; The Southern Ocean is a unique ecosystem with highly coveted marine resources. It includes the largest marine protected area anywhere, with management spread across national jurisdictions and a number of international bodies and cooperative arrangements. The area has local, national and international stakeholders with interests in an array of activities, such as fishing, tourism and scientific research. This article sheds light on the linkages between climate change and governance of Southern Ocean marine territories. It unravels the complexity of governing this marine region, in the process looking at biodiversity conservation, exploitation of resources and military activities. Using socio-historic analysis and ethnographic observation, it examines multiple decision-making areas, institutions, groups and actors. Issues examined in this artice include marine protected areas, fisheries management and environmental impacts of melting Antarctic ice and French subantarctic territories. These issues are viewed through the prisms of knowledge and policy – a knowledge-policy interface. Case studies highlight the interactions between human activities and climate change in Southern Ocean ecosystems. Real-world examples illustrate the governance of marine ecosystems and resources and demonstrate adaptations to environmental changes already affecting sub-Antarctic societies.
Published: 2018
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