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444 results on '"Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)"'

1. As release under the microbial sulfate reduction during redox oscillations in the upper Mekong delta aquifers, Vietnam: A mechanistic study

Author: Antoine Gehin, Delphine Tisserand, Raoul-Marie Couture, Laurent Charlet, Pierre Le Pape, Fabrizio Bardelli, Van T.H. Phan, Rizlan Bernier-Latmani, Manon Frutschi, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), GILDA (GILDA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Università degli Studi Roma Tre-INFM-Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Università degli Studi Roma Tre = Roma Tre University (ROMA TRE)-INFM-Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)
Subjects: Biogeochemical cycle, Elemental sulfur, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Redox, Arsenic, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bioreactors, Redox oscillations, Mackinawite, Environmental Chemistry, Sulfate, Arsenic release, Groundwater, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Bacteria, Sulfates, Pollution, Sulfur, Anoxic waters, 6. Clean water, X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy, Vietnam, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, engineering, Pyrite, Oxidation-Reduction, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Microbial sulfate reduction, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: The impact of seasonal fluctuations linked to monsoon and irrigation generates redox oscillations in the subsurface, influencing the release of arsenic (As) in aquifers. Here, the biogeochemical control on As mobility was investigated in batch experiments using redox cycling bioreactors and As- and SO42−-amended sediment. Redox potential (Eh) oscillations between anoxic (−300–0 mV) and oxic condition (0–500 mV) were implemented by automatically modulating an admixture of N2/CO2 or compressed air. A carbon source (cellobiose, a monomer of cellulose) was added at the beginning of each reducing cycle to stimulate the metabolism of the native microbial community. Results show that successive redox cycles can decrease arsenic mobility by up to 92% during reducing conditions. Anoxic conditions drive mainly the conversion of soluble As(V) to As(III) in contrast to oxic conditions. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA amplified from the sediments revealed the presence of sulfate and iron – reducing bacteria, confirming that sulfate and iron reduction are key factors for As immobilization from the aqueous phase. As and S K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy suggested the association of Fe-(oxyhydr)oxides and the importance of pyrite (FeS2(s)), rather than poorly ordered mackinawite (FeS(s)), for As sequestration under oxidizing and reducing conditions, respectively. Finally, these findings suggest a role for elemental sulfur in mediating aqueous thioarsenates formation in As-contaminated groundwater of the Mekong delta.
Published: 2019

2. Mineralogical investigations using XRD, XRF, and Raman spectroscopy in a combined approach

Author: M Secchi, Marco Zanatta, Marco Giarola, Beate Orberger, Gino Mariotto, Luca Lutterotti, Stefano Gialanella, Evgeny Borovin, Andrea Sanson, Mauro Bortolotti, Arun Kumar, Maurizio Montagna, Nicola Daldosso, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Department of Computer Science [Verona] (UNIVR | DI), University of Verona (UNIVR), IBM Research-India, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO)
Subjects: combined analysis, Materials science, XRD, combined analysis, mineralogical phase identification, Raman, XRD, XRF, XRF, Analytical chemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, mineralogical phase identification, Raman, Materials Science (all), Spectroscopy, General Materials Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Combined approach, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], symbols, 0210 nano-technology, Raman spectroscopy, Raman, XRD, XRF
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

3. Distributed Hybrid Observer With Prescribed Convergence Rate for a Linear Plant Using Multi-Hop Decomposition

Author: Riccardo Bertollo, Pablo Millan, Luis Orihuela, Alexandre Seuret, Luca Zaccarian, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Universidad Loyola Andalucía = Loyola University Andalucía, Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla, Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), and ANR-18-CE40-0010,HANDY,Systèmes Dynamiques Hybrides et en Réseau(2018)
Subjects: Hybrid observer, Control and Optimization, Input-to-State Stability, Sensor network, Control and Systems Engineering, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], FOS: Mathematics, Distributed estimation, Linear systems, Dynamical Systems (math.DS), Mathematics - Dynamical Systems
Abstract: With a continuous-time formulation of the multihop decomposition, we propose a distributed hybrid observer for a sensor network where the plant and local observers run in continuous time and the information exchange among the sensing nodes is sampled-data. Process disturbances, measurement noise and communication noise are considered, and we prove that under some necessary detectability assumptions the observer gains can be tuned to guarantee exponential ISS with a prescribeda convergence rate. Simulations illustrate the performance of the proposed observer.
Published: 2023

4. Kardar–Parisi–Zhang universality in a one-dimensional polariton condensate

Author: Quentin Fontaine, Davide Squizzato, Florent Baboux, Ivan Amelio, Aristide Lemaître, Martina Morassi, Isabelle Sagnes, Luc Le Gratiet, Abdelmounaim Harouri, Michiel Wouters, Iacopo Carusotto, Alberto Amo, Maxime Richard, Anna Minguzzi, Léonie Canet, Sylvain Ravets, Jacqueline Bloch, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et modélisation des milieux condensés (LPM2C ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ (UMR_7162)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NEEL - NPSC), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ANR-16-IDEX-0004,ULNE,ULNE(2016), and ANR-18-CE92-0019,NEQfluids,Fluides classiques, quantiques et actifs hors de l'équilibre(2018)
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Physics, Engineering sciences. Technology, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall]
Abstract: Revealing universal behaviours is a hallmark of statistical physics. Phenomena such as the stochastic growth of crystalline surfaces(1) and of interfaces in bacterial colonies(2), and spin transport in quantum magnets(3-6) all belong to the same universality class, despite the great plurality of physical mechanisms they involve at the microscopic level. More specifically, in all these systems, space-time correlations show power-law scalings characterized by universal critical exponents. This universality stems from a common underlying effective dynamics governed by the nonlinear stochastic Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation(7). Recent theoretical works have suggested that this dynamics also emerges in the phase of out-of-equilibrium systems showing macroscopic spontaneous coherence(8-17). Here we experimentally demonstrate that the evolution of the phase in a driven-dissipative one-dimensional polariton condensate falls in the KPZ universality class. Our demonstration relies on a direct measurement of KPZ space-time scaling laws(18,19), combined with a theoretical analysis that reveals other key signatures of this universality class. Our results highlight fundamental physical differences between out-of-equilibrium condensates and their equilibrium counterparts, and open a paradigm for exploring universal behaviours in driven open quantum systems.
Published: 2022

5. A geometric analysis of the impact of large but finite switching rates on vaccination evolutionary games

Author: Della Marca, Rossella, d'Onofrio, Alberto, Sensi, Mattia, Sottile, Sara, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste, Mathématiques pour les Neurosciences (MATHNEURO), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)
Subjects: fast-slow system, Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE), behavioural epidemiology of infectious diseases, Dynamical Systems (math.DS), fast-slow system behavioural epidemiology of infectious diseases entry-exit function vaccine hesitancy mathematical epidemiology geometric singular perturbation theory, FOS: Biological sciences, FOS: Mathematics, geometric singular perturbation theory, vaccine hesitancy, entry-exit function, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution, mathematical epidemiology
Abstract: In contemporary society, social networks accelerate decision dynamics causing a rapid switch of opinions in a number of fields, including the prevention of infectious diseases by means of vaccines. This means that opinion dynamics can nowadays be much faster than the spread of epidemics. Hence, we propose a Susceptible-Infectious-Removed epidemic model coupled with an evolutionary vaccination game embedding the public health system efforts to increase vaccine uptake. This results in a global system ``epidemic model + evolutionary game''. The epidemiological novelty of this work is that we assume that the switching to the strategy ``pro vaccine'' depends on the incidence of the disease. As a consequence of the above-mentioned accelerated decisions, the dynamics of the system acts on two different scales: a fast scale for the vaccine decisions and a slower scale for the spread of the disease. Another, and more methodological, element of novelty is that we apply Geometrical Singular Perturbation Theory (GSPT) to such a two-scale model and we then compare the geometric analysis with the Quasi-Steady-State Approximation (QSSA) approach, showing a criticality in the latter. Later, we apply the GSPT approach to the disease prevalence-based model already studied in (Della Marca and d'Onofrio, Comm Nonl Sci Num Sim, 2021) via the QSSA approach by considering medium-large values of the strategy switching parameter., Comment: 26 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2023

6. Protection of Ising spin-orbit coupling in bulk misfit superconductors

Author: Samuely, Tomas, Wickramaratne, Darshana, Gmitra, Martin, Jaouen, Thomas, Šofranko, Ondrej, Volavka, Dominik, Kuzmiak, Marek, Haniš, Jozef, Szabó, Pavol, Monney, Claude, Kremer, Geoffroy, Fèvre, Patrick Le, Bertran, François, Cren, Tristan, Sasaki, Shunsuke, Cario, Laurent, Calandra, Matteo, Mazin, Igor I., Samuely, Peter, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, US Naval Research Laboratory, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Fribourg = University of Fribourg (UNIFR), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Spectroscopie des nouveaux états quantiques (INSP-E2), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (Nantes Univ - EPUN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), George Mason University [Fairfax], This work was supported by the projects APVV-20-0425, VEGA 2/0058/20, EMP-H2020 Project No. 824109, COST action CA21144 (SUPERQUMAP), EU ERDF (European regional development fund) Grant No. VA SR ITMS2014+ 313011W856. D.W. was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory’s Basic Research Program. I.I.M. was supported by ONR through grant N00014-20-1-2345. C.M. and G.K. acknowledges financial support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) Grant No. P00P2_170597. M.G. and J.H. acknowledge support by the projects APVV-SK-CZ-RD-21-0114, VEGA 1/0105/20 and Slovak Academy of Sciences project IMPULZ IM-2021-42 and project FLAG ERA JTC 2021 2DSOTECH., and ANR-21-CE30-0054,Misfit,Supraconductivité et phases topologiques dans les dichalcogénures misfits(2021)
Subjects: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), [PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract: Low-dimensional materials have remarkable properties that are distinct from their bulk counterparts. A paradigmatic example is Ising superconductivity that occurs in monolayer materials such as NbSe2 which show a strong violation of the Pauli limit. In monolayers, this occurs due to a combination of broken inversion symmetry and spin-orbit coupling that locks the spins of the electrons out-of-plane. Bulk NbSe2 is centrosymmetric and is therefore not an Ising superconductor. We show that bulk misfit compound superconductors, (LaSe)1.14(NbSe2) and (LaSe)1.14(NbSe2)2, comprised of monolayers and bilayers of NbSe2, exhibit unexpected Ising protection with a Pauli-limit violation comparable to monolayer NbSe2, despite formally having inversion symmetry. We study these misfit compounds using complementary experimental methods in combination with first-principles calculations. We propose theoretical mechanisms of how the Ising protection can survive in bulk materials. We show how some of these mechanisms operate in these bulk compounds due to a concerted effect of charge-transfer, defects, reduction of interlayer hopping, and stacking. This highlights how Ising superconductivity can, unexpectedly, arise in bulk materials, and possibly enable the design of bulk superconductors that are resilient to magnetic fields., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, 4 extended data items
Published: 2023

7. A geometric analysis of the SIRS model with secondary infections

Author: Kaklamanos, Panagiotis, Pugliese, Andrea, Sensi, Mattia, Sottile, Sara, School of Mathematics - University of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Mathématiques pour les Neurosciences (MATHNEURO), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito)
Subjects: Physics - Physics and Society, FOS: Biological sciences, Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE), FOS: Mathematics, FOS: Physical sciences, Dynamical Systems (math.DS), Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), [MATH]Mathematics [math], Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution, 34C23, 34C60, 34E13, 34E15, 37N25, 92D30
Abstract: We propose a compartmental model for a disease with temporary immunity and secondary infections. From our assumptions on the parameters involved in the model, the system naturally evolves in three time scales. We characterize the equilibria of the system and analyze their stability. We find conditions for the existence of two endemic equilibria, for some cases in which $\mathcal{R}_0 < 1$. Then, we unravel the interplay of the three time scales, providing conditions to foresee whether the system evolves in all three scales, or only in the fast and the intermediate ones. We conclude with numerical simulations and bifurcation analysis, to complement our analytical results., 31 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2023

8. Covid-19 affects taste independently of smell: results from a combined chemosensory home test and online survey from a global cohort (N=10,953)

Author: Ha Nguyen, Javier Albayay, Richard Höchenberger, Surabhi Bhutani, Sanne Boesveldt, Niko A. Busch, Ilja Croijmans, Keiland W. Cooper, Jasper H. B. de Groot, Michael C. Farruggia, Alexander W. Fjaeldstad, John E. Hayes, Thomas Hummel, Paule V. Joseph, Tatiana K. Laktionova, Thierry Thomas-Danguin, Maria G. Veldhuizen, Vera V. Voznessenskaya, Valentina Parma, M. Yanina Pepino, Kathrin Ohla, Monell Chemical Senses Center, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université Paris-Saclay, INRIA, CEA, San Diego State University (SDSU), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Radboud University [Nijmegen], University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Yale University School of Medicine, Regionshospitalet Gødstrup, Herning, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, University of Dresden Medical School, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [Bethesda, MD, USA] (NIAAA), Tatiana K. Laktionova, A N Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, Moscow, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Mersin University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Helmut Schmidt University, University of the Armed Forces Hamburg, Firmenich SA, This work was supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation [grand number DGE-1839285 to C.K.], the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [grant number Z01AA000135 to P.V.J], the National Institute of Nursing Research [grant number 1ZIANR000035-01 to P.V.J], the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders [grant number U01DC019573 to J.E.H.], and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture via Hatch Act funds [grant number 698-921 to M.Y.P., and PEN04708 to J.E.H.].
Subjects: chemesthesis, olfaction gustation chemesthesis anosmia ageusia taste-smell confusion, ageusia, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, gustation, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, anosmia, taste-smell confusion, olfaction
Abstract: People often confuse smell loss with taste loss, so it is unclear how much gustatory function is reduced in patients self-reporting taste loss. Our pre-registered cross-sectional study design included an online survey in 12 languages with instructions for self-administering chemosensory tests with ten household items. Between June 2020 and March 2021, 10,953 individuals participated. Of these, 3,356 self-reported a positive and 602 a negative COVID-19 diagnosis (COVID+ and COVID-, respectively); 1,267 were awaiting test results (COVID?). The rest reported no respiratory illness and were grouped by symptoms: sudden smell/taste changes (STC, N=4,445), other symptoms excluding smell or taste loss (OthS, N=832), and no symptoms (NoS, N=416). Taste, smell, and oral irritation intensities and self-assessed abilities were rated on visual analog scales. Compared to the NoS group, COVID+ was associated with a 21% reduction in taste (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 15-28%), 47% in smell (95%-CI: 37-56%), and 17% in oral irritation (95%-CI: 10-25%) intensity. In all groups, perceived intensity of smell (r=0.84), taste (r=0.68), and oral irritation (r=0.37) was correlated. Our findings suggest most reports of taste dysfunction with COVID-19 were genuine and not due to misinterpreting smell loss as taste loss (i.e., a classical taste-flavor confusion). Assessing smell and taste intensity of household items is a promising, cost-effective screening tool that complements self-reports and helps to disentangle taste loss from smell loss. However, it does not replace standardized validated psychophysical tests.
Published: 2023

9. Covid-19 affects taste independent of taste-smell confusions: results from a combined chemosensory home test and online survey from a large global cohort

Author: Nguyen, Ha, Albayay, Javier, Höchenberger, Richard, Bhutani, Surabhi, Boesveldt, Sanne, Busch, Niko, Croijmans, Ilja, Cooper, Keiland, de Groot, Jasper, Farruggia, Michael, Fjaeldstad, Alexander, Hayes, John, Hummel, Thomas, Joseph, Paule, Laktionova, Tatiana, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Veldhuizen, Maria, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Parma, Valentina, Pepino, M. Yanina, Ohla, Kathrin, Monell Chemical Senses Center, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université Paris-Saclay, INRIA, CEA, San Diego State University (SDSU), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Radboud University [Nijmegen], University of California (UC), Yale University [New Haven], University research clinic [Herning, Denmark], The Pennsylvania State University, PA, University of Dresden Medical School, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Mersin University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], and University of Illinois System
Subjects: [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, chemesthesis, ageusia, gustation, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, anosmia, taste-smell confusion, olfaction
Abstract: International audience; People often confuse smell loss with taste loss, so it is unclear how much gustatory function is reduced in patients self-reporting taste loss. Our pre-registered cross-sectional study design included an online survey in 12 languages with instructions for self-administering chemosensory tests with ten household items. Between June 2020 and March 2021, 10,953 individuals participated. Of these, 5,225 self-reported a respiratory illness and were grouped based on their reported COVID test results: COVID-positive (COVID+, N=3,356), COVID-negative (COVID-, N=602), and COVID unknown for those waiting for a test result (COVID?, N=1,267). The participants who reported no respiratory illness were grouped by symptoms: sudden smell/taste changes (STC, N=4,445), other symptoms excluding smell or taste loss (OthS, N=832), and no symptoms (NoS, N=416). Taste, smell, and oral irritation intensities and self-assessed abilities were rated on visual analog scales. Compared to the NoS group, COVID+ was associated with a 21% reduction in taste (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 15-28%), 47% in smell (95%-CI: 37-56%), and 17% in oral irritation (95%-CI: 10-25%) intensity. In all groups, the perceived intensity of smell (r=0.84), taste (r=0.68), and oral irritation (r=0.37) was correlated. Our study demonstrates that COVID-19 positive individuals report taste dysfunction when self-tested with stimuli that have little to none olfactory components. Assessing the smell and taste intensity of household items is a promising, cost-effective screening tool that complements self-reports and may help to disentangle taste loss from smell loss. However, it does not replace standardized validated psychophysical tests.
Published: 2023

10. Algebraic Curves and Surfaces: A History of Shapes

Author: Busé, Laurent, Catanese, Fabrizio, Postinghel, Elisa, AlgebRe, geOmetrie, Modelisation et AlgoriTHmes (AROMATH), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Mathematisches Institut [Bayreuth], Universität Bayreuth, Department of mathematics/Dipartimento di Matematica [Univ. Trento], and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)
Subjects: [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract: International audience; This volume collects the lecture notes of the school TiME2019 (Treasures in Mathematical Encounters). The aim of this book is manifold, it intends to overview the wide topic of algebraic curves and surfaces (also with a view to higher dimensional varieties) from different aspects: the historical development that led to the theory of algebraic surfaces and the classification theorem of algebraic surfaces by Castelnuovo and Enriques; the use of such a classical geometric approach, as the one introduced by Castelnuovo, to study linear systems of hypersurfaces; and the algebraic methods used to find implicit equations of parametrized algebraic curves and surfaces, ranging from classical elimination theory to more modern tools involving syzygy theory and Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity. Since our subject has a long and venerable history, this book cannot cover all the details of this broad topic, theory and applications, but it is meant to serve as a guide for both young mathematicians to approach the subject from a classical and yet computational perspective, and for experienced researchers as a valuable source for recent applications.
Published: 2023

11. A survey on Lyapunov functions for epidemic compartmental models

Author: Cangiotti, Nicolò, Capolli, Marco, Sensi, Mattia, Sottile, Sara, Dipartimento di Matematica [Politecnico Milano] (POLIMI), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut of Mathematics - Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Mathématiques pour les Neurosciences (MATHNEURO), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)
Subjects: 34D20, 34D23, 37N25, 92D30, FOS: Mathematics, Dynamical Systems (math.DS), Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract: In this survey, we propose an overview on Lyapunov functions for a variety of compartmental models in epidemiology. We exhibit the most widely employed functions, together with a commentary on their use. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive starting point to readers who are attempting to prove global stability of systems of ODEs. The focus is on mathematical epidemiology, however some of the functions and strategies presented in this paper can be adapted to a wider variety of models, such as prey-predator or rumor spreading., Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2023
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12. Feedback modulates the temporal scale-free dynamics of brain electrical activity in a hypothesis testing task

Author: Pierre-Marie Baudonnière, David Papo, C. van Vreeswijk, Marco Buiatti, Centre de neurophysique, physiologie, pathologie (UMR 8119), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuroimagerie cognitive (LCogn), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Functional NeuroImaging Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Sourasky Medical Center, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University (TAU), Neurosciences cognitives et imagerie cérébrale (NCIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Mind/Brain Sciences-Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università di Trento - Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Male, Eye Movements, Brain activity and meditation, MESH : Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, 01 natural sciences, Task (project management), Mental Processes, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Eye Movements, MESH : Feedback, hypothesis testing, MESH : Female, EEG, MESH : Algorithms, MESH: Mental Processes, detrended fluctuation analysis, MESH: Electrophysiology, medicine.diagnostic_test, MESH: Feedback, General Neuroscience, scaling, Brain, MESH : Adult, Electrophysiology, MESH: Photic Stimulation, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, Algorithms, Adult, MESH : Mental Processes, MESH : Male, MESH: Algorithms, MESH: Psychomotor Performance, NO, Feedback, MESH: Brain, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH : Electrophysiology, Negative feedback, MESH: Electroencephalography, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Humans, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH : Electroencephalography, 010306 general physics, Positive feedback, Statistical hypothesis testing, MESH : Eye Movements, Communication, Neural correlates of consciousness, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH : Humans, MESH: Adult, MESH : Psychomotor Performance, MESH: Male, MESH : Brain, Detrended fluctuation analysis, ongoing brain activity, business, MESH: Female, Neuroscience, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: We used the electroencephalogram (EEG) to investigate whether positive and negative performance feedbacks exert different long-lasting modulations of electrical activity in a reasoning task. Nine college students serially tested hypotheses concerning a hidden rule by judging its presence or absence in triplets of digits, and revised them on the basis of an exogenous performance feedback. The scaling properties of the transition period between feedback and triplet presentation were investigated with detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). DFA showed temporal scale-free dynamics of EEG activity in both feedback conditions for time scales larger than 150 ms. Furthermore, DFA revealed that negative feedback elicits significantly higher scaling exponents than positive feedback. This effect covers a wide network comprising parieto-occipital and left frontal regions. We thus showed that specific task demands can modify the temporal scale-free dynamics of the ongoing brain activity. Putative neural correlates of these long-lasting feedback-specific modulations are proposed.
Published: 2007

13. Integrated optical amplifiers and microspherical lasers based on erbium-doped oxide glasses

Author: Adolfo Speghini, Alessandro Chiasera, Massimo Brenci, Marco Bettinelli, Maurizio Montagna, Maurizio Ferrari, Stefano Pelli, L. Zampedri, Patrice Féron, Cristina Siligardi, Giancarlo C. Righini, Simone Berneschi, Carole Arnaud, G. Nunzi Conti, Herve Portales, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informatica e Sistemistica (DEIS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico (DST), Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Dipartimento di Ingegneria dei Materiali e dell'Ambiente (DIMA), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, University of Verona (UNIVR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), and Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE)
Subjects: Nonlinear optics, Materials science, Fabrication, Photoluminescence, Optical fiber, Coupled modes theory, Erbium doped glasses, Er3+-doped glass, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Inorganic Chemistry, Erbium, silica glass, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, optical amplifier, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Micro-resonator, 010302 applied physics, Optical amplifier, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], optical amplifiers, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, PACS: 42.70.Ce, 42.82.Et, 78.66.Jg, 82.65.F, Integrated optics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Er doped glass, chemistry, microsphere, Bistability, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: published in " Optical Materials ", special issue " Selected Papers of the Second International Workshop on Photonic and Electronic Materials ", topic " Photonic materials "; International audience; Er3+ -doped glasses have been a subject of great interest in the recent years for their application in the areas of guided wave optical amplifiers and lasers. Oxide-glass matrices, in particular, offer the advantage of relatively simple fabrication processes--both for bulk glasses and optical fibers--and have demonstrated quite good properties in the 1.5 µm wavelength band. Here we present some results we have obtained in the development of different silica-based glasses and in their application to the production of integrated optical amplifiers and microspherical lasers. As to the former application, two classes of silica glasses have been produced and investigated, namely a melted soda-lime-alumino-silicate glass and a sol-gel silica-hafnia glass. Both of them exhibit a wide emission bandwidth and seem quite promising for broadband optical amplifiers. We also demonstrated low-threshold microlasers, based on whispering gallery mode spherical resonators, fabricated in different oxide glasses.
Published: 2005

14. Whitney edge elements and the Runge phenomenon

Author: Ana Alonso Rodríguez, Ludovico Bruni Bruno, Francesca Rapetti, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Control, Analysis and Simulations for TOkamak Research (CASTOR), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: edge elements, 65D05, Computational Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, Interpolation differential forms edge elements weights Runge phenomenon 2000 MSC: 65N30 65D05, differential forms, weights, Runge phenomenon 2000 MSC: 65N30, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Interpolation
Abstract: It is well known that Lagrange interpolation based on equispaced nodes can yield poor results. Oscillations may appear when using high degree polynomials. For functions of one variable, the most celebrated example has been provided by Carl Runge in 1901, who showed that higher degrees do not always improve interpolation accuracy. His example was then extended to multivariate calculus and in this work we show that it is meaningful, in an appropriate sense, also for Whitney edge elements, namely for differential 1-forms.
Published: 2023

15. Characterizing a Neutron-Induced Fault Model for Deep Neural Networks

Author: Fernando Fernandes dos Santos, Angeliki Kritikakou, Josie E. Rodriguez Condia, Juan-David Guerrero-Balaguera, Matteo Sonza Reorda, Olivier Sentieys, Paolo Rech, Architectures matérielles spécialisées pour l’ère post loi-de-Moore (TARAN), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie (MSCA) grant agreement No 899546., and ANR-21-CE24-0015,RE-TRUSTING,Architectures matérielles fiable pour l'Intelligence Artificielle de confiance(2021)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Hardware Architecture (cs.AR), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Computer Science - Hardware Architecture
Abstract: International audience; The reliability evaluation of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) executed on Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) is a challenging problem since the hardware architecture is highly complex and the software frameworks are composed of many layers of abstraction. While software-level fault injection is a common and fast way to evaluate the reliability of complex applications, it may produce unrealistic results since it has limited access to the hardware resources and the adopted fault models may be too naive (i.e., single and double bit flip). Contrarily, physical fault injection with neutron beam provides realistic error rates but lacks fault propagation visibility. This paper proposes a characterization of the DNN fault model combining both neutron beam experiments and fault injection at software level. We exposed GPUs running General Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) and DNNs to beam neutrons to measure their error rate. On DNNs, we observe that the percentage of critical errors can be up to 61%, and show that ECC is ineffective in reducing critical errors. We then performed a complementary software-level fault injection, using fault models derived from RTL simulations. Our results show that by injecting complex fault models, the YOLOv3 misdetection rate is validated to be very close to the rate measured with beam experiments, which is 8.66× higher than the one measured with fault injection using only single-bit flips.
Published: 2022

16. Solving Footstep Planning as a Feasibility Problem Using L1-Norm Minimization

Author: Nicolas Mansard, Pierre Fernbach, Thomas Flayols, Daeun Song, Steve Tonneau, Andrea Del Prete, Young J. Kim, EWHA Womans University (EWHA), TOWARD, Équipe Mouvement des Systèmes Anthropomorphes (LAAS-GEPETTO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), University of Edinburgh, European Project: 780684,H2020,MEMMO(2018), TOrque controlled WAlking Robots Development (TOWARD), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Minimisation (psychology), motion and path planning, Mathematical optimization, Control and Optimization, Computer science, Mechanical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Humanoid and bipedal locomotion, Computer Science Applications, Human-Computer Interaction, Cardinality, legged robots, Artificial Intelligence, Control and Systems Engineering, Norm (mathematics), Convergence (routing), Trajectory, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Minification, Pruning (decision trees), Integer (computer science)
Abstract: Extended version of the paper to be published in IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters; International audience; One challenge of legged locomotion on uneven terrains is to deal with both the discrete problem of selecting a contact surface for each footstep and the continuous problem of placing each footstep on the selected surface. Consequently, footstep planning can be addressed with a Mixed Integer Program (MIP), an elegant but computationally-demanding method, which can make it unsuitable for online planning. We reformulate the MIP into a cardinality problem, then approximate it as a computationally efficient l1-norm minimisation, called SL1M. Moreover, we improve the performance and convergence of SL1M by combining it with a sampling-based root trajectory planner to prune irrelevant surface candidates. Our tests on the humanoid Talos in four representative scenarios show that SL1M always converges faster than MIP. For scenarios when the combinatorial complexity is small (< 10 surfaces per step), SL1M converges at least two times faster than MIP with no need for pruning. In more complex cases, SL1M converges up to 100 times faster than MIP with the help of pruning. Moreover, pruning can also improve the MIP computation time. The versatility of the framework is shown with additional tests on the quadruped robot ANYmal.
Published: 2021

17. On the Cauchy problem for Friedrichs systems on globally hyperbolic manifolds with timelike boundary

Author: Ginoux, N., Murro, S., Institut Élie Cartan de Lorraine (IECL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), and INFN-TIFPA
Subjects: Mathematics - Differential Geometry, Dirac operator, Primary 53C50, 58J45, Secondary 35L50, 53C27, FOS: Physical sciences, globally hyperbolic manifolds with timelike boundary, symmetric hyperbolic systems, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, normally hyperbolic operator, [MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], heat operator, Mathematical Physics, Klein-Gordon operator, reaction-diffusion operator, admissible boundary conditions, Applied Mathematics, Mathematical Physics (math-ph), Mathematics::Spectral Theory, Mathematics::Geometric Topology, MSC Primary 53C50, 58J45, Secondary 35L50, 53C27, symmetric positive systems, Differential Geometry (math.DG), [MATH.MATH-DG]Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG], Primary 53C50, 58J45, Analysis, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract: In this paper, the Cauchy problem for a Friedrichs system on a globally hyperbolic manifold with a timelike boundary is investigated. By imposing admissible boundary conditions, the existence and the uniqueness of strong solutions are shown. Furthermore, if the Friedrichs system is hyperbolic, the Cauchy problem is proved to be well-posed in the sense of Hadamard. Finally, examples of Friedrichs systems with admissible boundary conditions are provided., Comment: 34 pages -- accepted in Advances in Differential Equations
Published: 2022

18. Méthodologie et activités pour l'enseignement-apprentissage de l'oral en classe. Apprendre à interagir en réunion professionnelle grâce à la plateforme INTERFARE

Author: Elisa Ravazzolo, Virginie André, Carole ETIENNE, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française (ATILF), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions, Corpus, Apprentissages, Représentations (ICAR), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Etienne, Carole
Subjects: [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

19. Distributed hybrid observer with prescribed convergence rate for a linear plant subject to disturbances using multi-hop decomposition

Author: Bertollo, Riccardo, Millán, Pablo, Orihuela, Luis, Seuret, Alexandre, Zaccarian, Luca, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Universidad de Sevilla, Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ANR-18-CE40-0010,HANDY,Systèmes Dynamiques Hybrides et en Réseau(2018), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)
Subjects: Hybrid observer, Input-to-State Stability, Sensor network, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Distributed estimation, Linear systems
Abstract: With a continuous-time formulation of the multihop decomposition, we propose a distributed hybrid observer for a sensor network where the plant and local observers run in continuous time and the information exchange among the sensing nodes is sampled-data. Process disturbances, measurement noise and communication noise are considered, and we prove that under some necessary detectability assumptions the observer gains can be tuned to guarantee exponential ISS with a prescribeda convergence rate. Simulations illustrate the performance of the proposed observer.
Published: 2022

20. Temperature, elasticity and geometric effects in the decohesion of soft matter layers

Author: Bellino, L, Cannizzo, A, Florio, G, Giordano, Stefano, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Pugno, N, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ingegneria Civile e dell'Architettura, Politecnico di Bari (DICAR), Acoustique Impulsionnelle & Magnéto-Acoustique Non linéaire - Fluides, Interfaces Liquides & Micro-Systèmes - IEMN (AIMAN-FILMS - IEMN), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Ambientale e Meccanica [Trento] (DICAM), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [NLIN]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]
Abstract: International audience; The complicated macroscopic decohesion and desorption phenomena of layers of soft materials (rubberlike, biological or bio-inspired) are the counterpart of complex and rich phenomena at the microscale: evolution of the natural configurations, insurgence and propagation of cracks, interaction and compatibility of the deformation of different layers. At the same time, adhesion plays an important role in growing of biological systems such as in tumour growth and focal adhesion. Based on minimal fully analytical models, we analyse the roles of temperature, elasticity and geometry in the decohesion process in several examples of interest in materials science and biological phenomena. We study the energetic competition between entropic energy terms, the elastic energy of the adhering layer and of the external device (AFM, interacting cell or proteins) regulating the decohesion phenomenon. We obtain the expressions of the strength, stiffness, decohesion energy and limit stretch as a function of microscale material properties evidencing the strong influence on ductility, toughness and force thresholds. We illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained models, by comparing the theoretical behaviour with the decohesion response of biological and bioinspired materials [1]. Moreover, we consider an extension of this class of models including also a damage mechanism, before decohesion, describing typical observations when connecting links (for instance, fibrils) can undergo a softening anticipating breaking. The model predicts a phase transition at a given critical temperature, corresponding to the complete detachment of the chain without mechanical actions [2].REFERENCES[1] G. Florio et al., Phys. Rev. Res. 2, 033227 (2020); G. Florio et al., in preparation (2021).[2] A. Cannizzo et al., J. Phys. A, in press (2021).
Published: 2022

21. Silica-Hafnia-Based Photonic Systems

Author: Alombert Goget, Guillaume, Armellini, Christina, Bhaktha, Shivakiran, Boulard, Brigitte, Chiappini, Andrea, Duverger-Arfuso, Claire, Feron, Patrice, Ferrari, Maurizio, Gonçalves, Rogeria, Jestin, Yoann, Minati, Luca, Monteil, Andre, Moser, Enrico, Nunzi-Conti, Gualtiero, Osellame, Roberto, Pelli, Stefano, Quandt, Alexander, Ramponi, Roberta, Rao, D.Narayana, Righini, Giancarlo C., Speranza, Giorgio, Vishnubhatla, K.C., Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Departamento de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications (POMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, SHYRO, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Chemistry [University of São Paulo] | Instituto de Química [Universidade de São Paulo], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano] (POLIMI), and University of São Paulo (USP)
Subjects: Photonic materials, Spherical microresonators, Planar waveguides, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Silica-Hafnia, Erbium, Glass-ceramic waveguides
Abstract: Special Issue: "Advanced Materials & Photonics Applications", publisher: SoftMotor Ltd (ISSN 1744-2400); International audience; Silica-hafnia is a reliable and flexible binary system that has proved to be suitable for rare earth doping and fabrication of amorphous and glass ceramic planar waveguides, as well as for improving thermal stability of spherical microresonators. Here we present a short overview on some rare earth - activated photonic structures fabricated by sol gel route. Fabrication protocols and structural, optical and spectroscopic assessment of the investigated systems are reported. In order to put in evidence the reliability and versatility of the silica-hafnia system for photonics applications, different examples of confined structures are discussed: i) SiO2 amorphous waveguides; ii) glass-ceramic waveguides fabricated by top-down and bottom-up approach; iii) coated spherical microresonators.
Published: 2010

22. Rare-earth-activated glass-ceramic waveguides

Author: Berneschi, S., Soria, S., Righini, Giancarlo C., Alombert-Goget, G., Chiappini, Andrea, Jestin, Y., Ferrari, M., Guddala, S., Moser, E., Bhaktha, S.N.B., Boulard, B., Duverger-Arfuso, Claire, Turrell, S., Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL)
Abstract: This work is focused on sol-gel-derived SiO2-HfO2 and SiO2-SnO2 glass-ceramic waveguides activated by Er3+ and Eu3+ ions. We demonstrate that with optimized fabrication protocols it is possible to succeed in preparation of low-loss GCs waveguides activated by rare-earth ions opening new potentialities for the development of smart and cheap integrated optical circuits. Concerning sol-gel-derived Er3+-activated HfO2-based glass-ceramics the research activity has evidenced that: i) silica-hafnia glass ceramics allow to achieve an attenuation coefficient as low as 0.3 dB/cm at 1542 nm; ii) HfO2 crystalline phase can efficiently enhance the spectroscopic properties of the embedded Er3+ ions; iii) Er3+ ions remain incorporated in tetragonal HfO2 nanocrystals with dimensions of about 3-5 nm depending on the HfO2 content. From a technological point of view patterning of photonic structures on the silica-hafnia film requires photolithography followed by CHF3 reactive ion etching. A more simple approach consists in the exploitation of photorefractive properties. The inclusion of rare-earth elements, by allowing to combine photorefractive and active properties, may provide an effective route to the simple fabrication of integrated optics amplifiers and lasers. In this context we present SiO2-SnO2 glass-ceramic waveguides doped with Eu3+ ions with SnO2 content as high as 25 mol %. Formation and growth of nanocrystals in the parent amorphous waveguides was induced by heat treatment. The formation of tetragonal rutile SnO2 crystals in the films was confirmed by Raman spectra. Photoluminescence measurements indicate that most part of Eu3+ ions are embedded in SnO2 nanocrystals. The excitation spectra clearly evidence the role of interband electronic transition of SnO2 nanocrystals on the luminescence of Eu3+ ions. An attenuation coefficient a low as 0.8 ± 0.2 dB/cm at 632.8 nm was measured in the 75SiO2-25SnO2 glass-ceramic waveguide. Preliminary measurements on the effect of exposure to the UV excimer laser irradiation have shown a modulation of the refractive index of the parent waveguide, suitable to realize optical Bragg gratings in these materials.
Published: 2009

23. Photonic properties and applications of glass micro- and nanospheres

Author: Franco Cosi, Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Maurizio Ferrari, Silvia Soria, Alessandro Chiasera, Enrico Moser, Yoann Jestin, Giancarlo C. Righini, Patrice Feron, Cristina Armellini, Stefano Pelli, Andrea Chiappini, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Photoluminescence, Core-shell-like structures, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Phosphate glass, 010309 optics, Erbium, PACS: 42.55.Sa, 42.70.Hj, 78.55.Qr, 78.67.Bf, 81.20.Fw, 82.70.Dd, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Sol-gel, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Doping, Surfaces and Interfaces, Whispering gallery mode, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Emission quantum efficiency, Quantum efficiency, Micro- and Nano-spheres, Whispering-gallery wave, 0210 nano-technology, Lasing threshold
Abstract: Publisher : John Wiley & Sons (ISSN 1862-6300); International audience; Fabrication, morphological and spectroscopic assessment of micro- and nano-spheres are reported. Spheres with size ranging from few hundreds of nm to few hundreds of μm have been prepared by different methods, i.e. sol–gel, melting and core-shell techniques. Pure and rare-earth-doped spheres find their major applications as micro-sensors and micro-lasers, respectively. We refer here to Erbium-activated systems only: (i) coated micro spheres where the silica core, obtained by telecom fibre melting, is coated with an Er3+–70SiO2–30HfO2 film; (ii) Er3+-activated micro-spheres obtained from silicate modified glasses and phosphate glasses using a plasma-torch; (iii) sol–gel Er3+-doped silica micro- and nano-spheres. The whispering gallery mode spectra were analysed as a function of sphere diameter, thickness of coating (if any) and Erbium content. Photoluminescence spectra of different systems gave interesting indications on the potential of some activated micro-spheres for lasing applications. For instance, sol–gel Er3+-activated core-shell-like structures exhibited a lifetime of 12.8 ms, leading to a quantum efficiency (QE) of 71%. Even higher QE (~76%) was estimated in sol–gel Er3+- silica spheres.
Published: 2009

24. Er3+ - activated photonic structures fabricated by sol-gel and rf-sputtering techniques

Author: Ferrari, M.a, Alombert-Goget, G.a, Armellini, C.a, Berneschi, S.b, Bhaktha, S.N.B.ac, Boulard, B.d, Brenci, M.b, Chiappini, A.a, Chiasera, Duverger-Arfuso, C.d, Féron, P.e, Gonçalves, R.R.f, Jestin, Y.a, Minati, L.g, Moser, E.c, Nunzi Conti, Pelli, Rao, D.N.h, Retoux, R.i, Righini, G.C.b, Speranza, G.g, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Departamento de Quimica, Universitade de São Paulo, Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Ali Serpenguzel, Gonçal Badenes, Giancarlo C. Righini, Collaboration : umr6082, CNR-IFN Trento, CNR-IFAC, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Optical fiber, Fabrication, Er3+-activated silica-based glasses, 02 engineering and technology, sol-gel route, 01 natural sciences, Waveguide (optics), law.invention, Optics, law, SiO2-GeO2, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Photonic crystal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Photonic integrated circuit, Metamaterial, Sputter deposition, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, SiO2-HfO2, rf sputtering, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: conference 7366 « Photonic Materials, Devices, and Applications », Session: 3B « Nanophotonics II » [7366-13], http://spie.org/microtechnologies-new-millennium.xml; International audience; The realization of photonic structures operating at visible and near infrared frequencies is a highly attractive scientific and technological challenge. Since optical fiber innovation, a huge of activity has been performed leading to interesting results, such as optical waveguides and planar lightwave circuits, microphotonic devices, optical microcavities, nanowires, plasmonic structures, and photonic crystals. These systems have opened new possibilities in the field of both basic and applied physics, in a large area covering Information Communication Technologies, Health and Biology, Structural Engineering, and Environment Monitoring Systems. Several materials and techniques are employed to successfully fabricate photonic structures. Concerning materials, Er3+-activated silica-based glasses still play an important role, although recently interesting results have been published about fluoride glass-ceramic waveguides. As far as regards the fabrication methods sol-gel route and rf sputtering have proved to be versatile and reliable techniques. In this article we will present a review of some Er3+-activated photonic structures fabricated by sol gel route and rf sputtering deposition. In the discussion on the sol-gel approach we focus our attention on the silica-hafnia binary system presenting an overview concerning fabrication protocols and structural, optical and spectroscopic assessment of SiO2-HfO2 waveguides activated by Er3+ ions. In order to put in evidence the reliability and versatility of the sol-gel route for photonics applications four different confined structures are briefly presented: amorphous waveguides, coated microspheres, monolithic waveguide laser, and core-shell nanospheres. As examples of rf sputtering technique, we will discuss Er3+-activated silica-hafnia and silica-germania waveguides, the latter system allowing fabrication of integrated optics structures by UV photo-imprinting. Finally, two examples of photonic crystal structures, one prepared by sol-gel process and the other one fabricated by rf sputtering deposition, will be illustrated.
Published: 2009

25. SiO2-SnO2 glass-ceramic planar waveguides activated by rare earth ions

Author: Giancarlo C. Righini, Bruno Capoen, Yoann Jestin, Christophe Kinowski, S. N. B. Bhaktha, A. Chiappini, Cristina Armellini, Alessandro Chiasera, M. Bouazaoui, D. N. Rao, F. Beclin, Enrico Moser, Maurizio Ferrari, Sylvia Turrell, CSMFO group, CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire de structures et propriétés de l'état solide - UMR 8008 (LSPES), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), National Atmospheric Research Laboratory [Tirupati] (NARL), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), National Atmospheric Research Laboratory [Tirupathi] (NARL), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Physics Department, Povo-trento, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Lasers et Applications (CERLA), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Department of Materials and Devices, and CNR, Roma
Subjects: optical properties, Photoluminescence, Materials science, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Ion, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Ceramic, europium, Sol-gel, 010302 applied physics, Glass-ceramic, Doping, Silicate, glass-ceramic, Tin-oxide, waveguides, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Nanocrystal, chemistry, FTIR, 13. Climate action, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, TEM, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], photoluminescence, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], excitation spectra, 0210 nano-technology, Europium
Abstract: Eu3+ doped (100-x) SiO2 - x SnO2 (x = 8, 16 and 25 mol %) glass-ceramic waveguides were fabricated by sol-gel technique with dip-coating processing at 800 °C. Higher thermal treatments led to the formation and growth of SnO2 nanocrystals in the matrix, enhancing the 5D0 → 7F2 emission of Eu3+. Spectroscopic investigations reveal the evolution of a centro-symmetric local environment around the Eu3+ ion. This property of glass-ceramic waveguides can be exploited for obtaining a higher rare-earth concentration in a smaller volume. The glass-ceramic waveguides exhibited low-losses (0.8 ± 0.2 dB/cm at 632.8 nm) and thus are promising for the development of high-gain integrated optical amplifiers
Published: 2009

26. Photonic Properties and Applications of Glass Micro- and Nanospheres

Author: Righini, Giancarlo, Pelli, Stefano, Nunzi Conti, Gualtiero, Brenci, Massimo, Moser, E., Jestin, Yoann, Ferrari, Maurizio, Feron, Patrice, Chiasera, Alessandro, Chiappini, Andrea, Armellini, Christina, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic
Abstract: Session « Glasses for Photonics »; International audience; We report on fabrication, morphological and spectroscopic assessment of micro and nanospheres. Spheres with size ranging from few hundreds of nm to few hundreds of mm were prepared by different methods i.e. sol-gel, melting and core-shell techniques. The following systems are discussed: (i) coated micro and nanospheres where the silica core, obtained both by telecom fiber melting and by sol-gel, is coated with an Er3+-70SiO2-30HfO2 or an Er3+-SiO2 film, respectively; (ii) Er3+ and Er3+/Yb3+ -activated microspheres obtained by silicate-modified glasses and phosphate glasses using a plasma torch; (iii) Er3+ sol-gel derived silica spheres. The presented fabrication techniques are friendly methods leading to high quality surfaces of the spheres. When the spheres exhibit the suitable optical parameters also whispering gallery mode spectra were analysed as a function of sphere diameter, thickness of coating and erbium content. It is demonstrated that it is possible to select the radial order n tailoring the whispering gallery modes. The quasi-independent behaviour, observed for coated micro-spheres, and due to thermal effect linked to the injected pump, brings a major interest for lasing applications. Sol gel-derived core-shell-like Er3+-activated silica spheres was obtained by seeded growth. Typical photoluminescence spectrum of erbium, with a lifetime of 12.8 ms, was observed leading to a quantum efficiency of 71%. As far as concerns Er3+- sol-gel silica derived spherical spheres a quantum efficiency of 76% was estimated. Application of nanospheres to fabrication of specific photonic crystals structures will be also presented.
Published: 2008

27. Er3+-doped silica-based microcavities and microspheres

Author: Ferrari, Maurizio, Armellini, Christina, Berneschi, Simone, Bhaktha, S.N.B., Chiappini, Andrea, Chiasera, Alessandro, Feron, Patrice, Jestin, Yoann, Moser, E., Nunzi Conti, Gualtiero, Pelli, Stefano, Righini, Giancarlo, Speranza, G., Tosello, C., Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), and Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: Working Group 1 " Plasmonics, Metamaterials and Non-reciprocity ", COST Action MP0702 " Towards Functional Sub-Wavelength Photonic Structures ", session P1.3 " Metamaterials " [P1.3.4]; International audience; Two different silica-based glass systems with valuable optical and spectroscopic properties in the mu1.5 band, exploited in optical microcavities, are presented. First, we report on Er3+-activated core-shell silica spheres prepared by sol-gel process. The core consists of a silica sphere of 270 nm in diameter, while the shell is an Er2O3-SiO2 film. The second system is an Er3+-activated microcavity fabricated by rf-sputtering technique. The cavity is constituted of an Er3+-doped SiO2 layer inserted between two Bragg mirrors, fabricated by alternately stacking five TiO2 and five SiO2 thin films. Optical and spectroscopic properties were assessed, and the two systems were characterized from morphological and structural point of view.
Published: 2008

28. Er3+-doped silica-hafnia films for optical waveguides and spherical resonators

Author: Giorgio Speranza, G. Nunzi Conti, Cristina Armellini, Andrea Chiappini, Alessandro Chiasera, R. Retoux, Stefano Pelli, Enrico Moser, Giancarlo C. Righini, Simone Berneschi, Rogéria Rocha Gonçalves, Yoann Jestin, Patrice Féron, Mariano Ferrari, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Dipartimento Materiali e Dispositivi (DMD CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica - CSMFO group, Departamento de Quimica, Universitade de São Paulo, Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), CNRS UMR 6082 / CNR-IFN Trento et CNR-IFAC, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Universitade de São Paul, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Infrared properties, Planar waveguides, Materials science, Fabrication, Sol-gel processing, Luminescence, Films and coatings, Glass ceramics, Optical spectroscopy, Nanoparticle, 02 engineering and technology, Sol–gel, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, PACS: 42.70.−a, 42.60.Da, 42.79.Gn, 64.70.ph, 76.30.Kg, 78.67.Bf, 81.20.Fw, 81.05.Pj, Optics, Rare-earth ions, 0103 physical sciences, Rare-earths in glasses, Materials Chemistry, Fiber, Ceramic, PACS: 42.70.-a, 42.60.Da, 42.79.Gn, 64.70.ph, 76.30.Kg, 78.67.Bf, 81.20.Fw, 81.05.Pj, Thin film, Sol-gel, 010302 applied physics, Nanocrystals and nanoparticles, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], biology, business.industry, Silicates, Silica, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Hafnia, biology.organism_classification, aerogel and solution chemistry, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Core (optical fiber), Optical waveguides, visual_art, Optical materials, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Nanoparticles, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: The silica-hafnia glass system has proved to be highly suitable for photonic applications. The refractive index can be tailored in a wide range by appropriate composition, due to the high refractive index of HfO2. Moreover, its transparency is optimal in both visible and NIR range. Here we report on fabrication, morphological and spectroscopic assessment of Er3+-activated planar waveguides and glass ceramic waveguides. Results concerning silica microspheres coated by silica-hafnia film are presented as well. In the case of planar waveguides comparison with other binary systems, in particular SiO2-TiO2, is considered, and concentration quenching and energy transfer processes are discussed. Two examples of silicahafnia-derived waveguiding glass ceramics, prepared by top-down and bottom-up techniques are reported, and the main optical properties are discussed. Finally, some properties of activated microspherical resonators, having a silica core, obtained by melting the end of a telecom fiber, coated with an Er3+-doped 70SiO2-30HfO2 film, are presented.
Published: 2008

29. Erbium-activated silica-hafnia: a reliable photonic system

Author: S.N.B. Bhaktha, Giorgio Speranza, Guillaume Alombert-Goget, T.N. Khiem, Roberto Osellame, Alessandro Chiasera, Luca Minati, Maurizio Ferrari, Stefano Pelli, K. C. Vishnubhatla, Cristina Armellini, A. Chiappini, C. Duverger-Arfuso, Brigitte Boulard, Roberta Ramponi, André Monteil, G. Nunzi Conti, Enrico Moser, D. N. Rao, Alexander Quandt, Pham Thanh Huy, Rogéria Rocha Gonçalves, Yoann Jestin, Giancarlo C. Righini, Patrice Féron, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Departamento de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications (POMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), IEEE, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Chemistry [University of São Paulo] | Instituto de Química [Universidade de São Paulo], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano] (POLIMI), and University of São Paulo (USP)
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, law.invention, Erbium, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 010306 general physics, Glass-ceramics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Sol-gel, Glass-ceramic, biology, business.industry, Doping, Hafnia, biology.organism_classification, Amorphous solid, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, chemistry, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Photonics, business, Waveguide, Waveguides
Abstract: Workshop on Advanced Materials and Photonics Application; International audience; Sol gel-derived silica-hafnia is a reliable and flexible binary system that has proved to be suitable for rare earth doping and fabrication of amorphous and glass ceramic planar waveguides as well as for improving thermal stability of spherical microresonators. Here we present an overview concerning fabrication protocols and structural, optical and spectroscopic assessment of SiO2-HfO2 waveguides activated with Er3+ ions. In order to put in evidence the reliability and versatility of the silica-hafnia system for photonics applications three different confined structures are briefly presented: i) amorphous waveguides; ii) glass-ceramic waveguides; iii) coated microspheres
Published: 2008
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30. Fabrication and spectroscopic properties of glass-based erbium activated micro-nano photonic structures

Author: Maurizio Ferrari, Claire Duverger Arfuso, Brigitte Boulard, Patrice Féron, S.N.B. Bhaktha, E. Moser, Giorgio Speranza, A. Chiappini, Stefano Pelli, Giancarlo C. Righini, Yoann Jestin, Cristina Armellini, Alessandro Chiasera, Luca Minati, G. Nunzi Conti, Pham Thanh Huy, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Enrico Fermi Center for Study and Research | Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), International Training Institute for Materials Science (ITIMS), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), IEEE, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centro Studi e Ricerche 'Enrico Fermi' (Centro Fermi), and Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico Della Fisica
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Computer Science::Computational Geometry, Waveguiding glass ceramics, 01 natural sciences, Erbium, chemistry.chemical_compound, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, 1-D photonic crystal, Ceramic, Core-shell silica spheres, Rf-sputtering, Sol-gel, Photonic crystal, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Characterization (materials science), chemistry, visual_art, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: session Th.A3 « Novel Glasses II » [Th.A3.2], http://www.ait.gr/ICTON/; International audience; This paper presents optical and spectroscopic assessment, as well as morphological and structural characterization of nanoscaled photonic structures: (i) rare earth-activated oxide and fluoride glass ceramics planar waveguides; (ii) Er3+-activated micro-nano silica spheres and core-shell-like structures; (iii) rf sputteringfabricated planar microcavities
Published: 2008
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31. Etude spectroscopique de micro-sphères recouvertes d'une couche mince optiquement active

Author: Jestin, Y., Armellini, C., Chiappini, Andrea, Chiasera, Alessandro, Feron, Patrice, Ghisa, Laura, Ferrari, Maurizio, Moser, E., Nunzi Conti, Gualtiero, Pelli, Stefano, Righini, Giancarlo C., Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), SFO, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)
Subjects: Sol-Gel, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], micro-cavités sphériques, SiO2/HfO2:Er3+, photoluminescence
Abstract: session Affiches [P41]; National audience; Nous présentons ici les résultats expérimentaux obtenus lors de la caractérisation optique de micro-cavités sphériques en verre de silice, préparées par fusion d'une fibre télécom standard, et recouvertes d'une couche mince active SiO2/HfO2:Er3+ préparée par voie sol-gel et déposée par la technique dip-coating. Les propriétés spectroscopiques ont été déterminées par mesures de photoluminescence et durée de vie de la transition 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 des ions erbiums. L'épaisseur de la couche active déposée est telle qu'elle doit supporter au moins un mode de galerie (WGM) à la longueur d'onde de 1.5 µm
Published: 2007

32. Protocole de fabrication par voie colloïdalede cristaux photoniques 3D

Author: Chiappini, Andrea, Armellini, Christina, Boulard, Brigitte, Chiasera, Alessandro, Duverger-Arfuso, Claire, Feron, Patrice, Ferrari, Maurizio, Jestin, Yoann, Moser, Enrico, Nunzi-Conti, Gualtiero, Pelli, Stefano, Peron, Olivier, Righini, Giancarlo, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Department of Materials and Devices (DMD), SFO, Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Cristaux photoniques, silice, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], sol-gel, caractérisation optique
Abstract: session 7 " Cristaux photoniques "; National audience; Nous présentons ici les détails d'un processus sol-gel utilisé pour synthétiser des sphères de silice, en portant une attention particulière aux conditions expérimentales permettant de contrôler leur taille. Nous avons élaboré un protocole dans le but d'obtenir des microsphères avec une faible dispersion, et démontré que de larges domaines cristallins ordonnés d'opale synthétique montrant une " stop band " peuvent être produits en quelques jours par déposition verticale et sédimentation assistée par évaporation. La microscopie électronique à balayage a été employée pour caractériser les échantillons. Des mesures de réflexion et transmission ont été effectuées pour mettre en évidence la haute qualité des opales réalisées.
Published: 2006

33. Optimizing Er3+- luminescent properties in photonic glasses: sensitizers, nano and micro-structures

Author: Armellini, C., Boulard, B., Brenci, M., Chiappini, A., Chiasera, A., Duverger, C., Feron, P., Ferrari, M., Gonçalves, R. R., Goyes, C., Ivanda, M., Jestin, Y., Mattarelli, M., Montagna, M., Moser, E., Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Pelli, S., Peron, O., Righini, G. C., Tosello, C., Tran Ngoc, K., Zampedri, L., Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Trento] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire des oxydes et fluorures (LdOF ), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne, Instituto de Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais e Superfícies (ICEMS), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA)-Instituto Superior Técnico - Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb], National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA)-Instituto Superior Técnico - Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Physics::Optics
Abstract: International audience; Since the discovery of optical fibers, the possibilityto develop optically confined structures has opened new possibilities for making Dovel optical components. Rare earth-activated confined structures at different scales thus offer interesting solutions for this end. A growing activity in this field is aimed at the development of optical amplifiers in planar form based on rare-earth-activated glasses to provide devices such as lossless splitters, which can fiod applications in the metropolitan and local area networks. A further development to enhance the spectroscopic properties is achieved by rare-earth co-activated nanocomposite materials, also in planar format. The aim of this paper is to give a review concerning the advances in glass-based photonic systems, where light confinement or the presence of nanostructured hosts for the rare-earth induces an enhancement and a control of the optical and/or spectroscopic properties.
Published: 2006

34. Foliar Application of a Tagatose-Based Product Reduces Downy Mildew Symptoms through Induction of Grapevine Resistance and Anti-Oomycete Action

Author: Mijailovic, Nikola, Nesler, Andrea, Perazzolli, Michele, Aziz, Aziz, Essaïd, Ait Barka, Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes - EA 4707 (RIBP), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), and European Project: 722642,INTERFUTURE
Subjects: Settore BIO/04 - FISIOLOGIA VEGETALE, downy mildew, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, grapevine, D-tagatose, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy
Abstract: Downy mildew caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola represents one of the most devastating diseases in vineyards. Current ways to control this disease rely mainly on fungicide applications, but agro-ecological concerns have raised interest in sustainable alternative methods. Certain rare sugars, like D-tagatose, have shown efficacy in reducing various plant diseases, including grapevine downy mildew. However, the mechanism of action of D-tagatose against grapevine downy mildew is not understood. The aim of this study was to characterize the efficacy and mechanism of action of a D-tagatose-based formulated product (IFP48) against grapevine downy mildew and compare it with the correspondent active molecule, pure D-tagatose (TAG). Whereas IFP48 root treatment provided scarce protection, the leaf treatment was the most efficient, especially at the dosage of 5 g/L. In particular, IFP48 treatment directly inhibited P. viticola sporangia germination, upregulated the expression of defense-related genes, and increased the content of stilbene phytoalexins. Conversely, the expression of defense-related genes and the content of stilbene phytoalexins were only slightly affected by TAG, suggesting that the formulation possibly improved D-tagatose effects against downy mildew in grapevine.
Published: 2022

35. Stability of optimal traffic plans in the irrigation problem

Author: Antoine Prouff, Antonio De Rosa, Andrea Marchese, Maria Colombo, Paul Pegon, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences [New York] (CIMS), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Department of mathematics/Dipartimento di Matematica [Univ. Trento], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision (CEREMADE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Méthodes numériques pour le problème de Monge-Kantorovich et Applications en sciences sociales (MOKAPLAN), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), Maria Colombo was partially supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation grant 200021_182565. Antonio De Rosa has been supported by the NSF DMS Grant No. 1906451. Andrea Marchese acknowledges partial support from GNAMPA-INdAM., Department of Mathematics [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Bocconi Institute for Data Science and Analytics (BIDSA), Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, M. C. was partially supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation grant 200021_182565. A. D. R. has been supported by the NSF DMS Grant No. 1906451 and the NSF DMS Grant No. 2112311. A. M. acknowledges partial support from GNAMPA-INdAM. A.P. was supported by the Fondation Mathématiques Jacques Hadamard. P.P and A.P. both acknowledge EPFL for hosting them during the semester this paper was prepared., Inria de Paris, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision (CEREMADE)
Subjects: BRANCHED TRANSPORT, Mathematical optimization, Irrigation, TRAFFIC PLANS, [MATH.MATH-CA]Mathematics [math]/Classical Analysis and ODEs [math.CA], 01 natural sciences, Stability (probability), symbols.namesake, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA), FOS: Mathematics, Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Limit (mathematics), 0101 mathematics, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematics, TRANSPORTATION NETWORK, BRANCHED TRANSPORT, IRRIGATION PROBLEM, TRAFFIC PLANS, STABILITY, STABILITY, IRRIGATION PROBLEM, Applied Mathematics, TRANSPORTATION NETWORK, 010102 general mathematics, Eulerian path, Flow network, 010101 applied mathematics, Optimization and Control (math.OC), Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs, symbols, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Analysis, Lagrangian, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract: We prove the stability of optimal traffic plans in branched transport. In particular, we show that any limit of optimal traffic plans is optimal as well. This result goes beyond the Eulerian stability proved in [7], extending it to the Lagrangian framework.
Published: 2022

36. Towards nonuniform distributions of unisolvent weights for high-order Whitney edge elements

Author: Ana Alonso Rodríguez, Ludovico Bruni Bruno, F. Rapetti, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Control, Analysis and Simulations for TOkamak Research (CASTOR), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Computational Mathematics, Algebra and Number Theory, Weights, Edge finite elements, Interpolation, Lebesgue constant, Polynomial differential forms, Uniform and nonuniform degrees of freedom, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: We propose to extend results on the interpolation theory for scalar functions to the case of differential k-forms. More precisely, we consider the interpolation of fields in $${\mathcal P}^-_r \varLambda ^k(T)$$ P r - Λ k ( T ) , the finite element spaces of trimmed polynomial k-forms of arbitrary degree $$r \ge 1$$ r ≥ 1 , from their weights, namely their integrals on k-chains. These integrals have a clear physical interpretation, such as circulations along curves, fluxes across surfaces, densities in volumes, depending on the value of k. In this work, for $$k=1$$ k = 1 , we rely on the flexibility of the weights with respect to their geometrical support, to study different sets of 1-chains in T for a high order interpolation of differential 1-forms, constructed starting from “good” sets of nodes for a high order multi-variate polynomial representation of scalar fields, namely 0-forms. We analyse the growth of the generalized Lebesgue constant with the degree r and preliminary numerical results for edge elements support the nonuniform choice, in agreement with the well-known nodal case.
Published: 2022

37. Roadmap on Topological Photonics

Author: Hannah Price, Yidong Chong, Alexander Khanikaev, Henning Schomerus, Lukas J Maczewsky, Mark Kremer, Matthias Heinrich, Alexander Szameit, Oded Zilberberg, Yihao Yang, Baile Zhang, Andrea Alù, Ronny Thomale, Iacopo Carusotto, Philippe St-Jean, Alberto Amo, Avik Dutt, Luqi Yuan, Shanhui Fan, Xuefan Yin, Chao Peng, Tomoki Ozawa, Andrea Blanco-Redondo, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stanford University, and University of Electronic Science and Technology of China [Chengdu] (UESTC)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], topological photonics, synthetic gauge fields, Floquet topological photonics, FOS: Physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Physics - Optics, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract: Topological photonics seeks to control the behaviour of the light through the design of protected topological modes in photonic structures. While this approach originated from studying the behaviour of electrons in solid-state materials, it has since blossomed into a field that is at the very forefront of the search for new topological types of matter. This can have real implications for future technologies by harnessing the robustness of topological photonics for applications in photonics devices. This roadmap surveys some of the main emerging areas of research within topological photonics, with a special attention to questions in fundamental science, which photonics is in an ideal position to address. Each section provides an overview of the current and future challenges within a part of the field, highlighting the most exciting opportunities for future research and developments., JPhys Photonics, 4 (3), ISSN:2515-7647
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Rare Earth-Activated Materials and Structures for Photonic Application: Ultratransparent Glass Ceramics, Planar Waveguides, Spherical Microresonators and Microcavities

Author: Armellini, C., Alessandro Chiasera, Ferrari, Maurizio, Jestin, Y., Chiappini, Andrea, Mattarelli, Maurizio, maurizio montagna, Moser, Enrico, Portales, H., Tosello, Cristiana, Zampedri, Luca, Foglietti, V., Minotti, A., Nunzi Conti, G., Pelli, S., Righini, G., Almeida, R. M., Portal, S., Seddon, A. B., Tikhomirov, V. K., Allemand Gaillard, B., Benoit, V., Arnaud, C., Feron, P., Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Instituto de Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais e Superfícies (ICEMS), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA)-Instituto Superior Técnico - Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, Novel Photonic Glasses Research Group, School of Mechanical, Materials, Manufacturing Engineering and Management-University of Nottingham, UK (UON)-Lancaster University, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica (Università Degli Studi di Trento), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM)-Caratterizzazione e Sviluppo di Materiali per la Fotonica e l'Optoelecttronica (CSMFO), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA)-Instituto Superior Técnico - Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Télécom Bretagne
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2004

39. Polyp longevity in a precious gorgonian coral: hints toward a demographic approach to polyp dynamics

Author: Giovanni Santangelo, Mimmo Iannelli, Fabrizio Erra, Fabio Bulleri, Cristina Priori, Maria Carla Benedetti, Lorenzo Bramanti, Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des environnements benthiques (LECOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of mathematics/Dipartimento di Matematica [Univ. Trento], and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Coral, Population, Mortality table, Zoology, Aquatic Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Budding rate, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, 14. Life underwater, Corallium rubrum, education, neoplasms, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Maximum life span, media_common, education.field_of_study, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Longevity, pathological conditions, signs and symptoms, biology.organism_classification, digestive system diseases, surgical procedures, operative, Gorgonian, Octocoral, Polyp age, Age distribution, Coenenchyme, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we investigated the age distribution and dynamics of polyps in the slow-growing and long-lived gorgonian Corallium rubrum (the Mediterranean red coral), applying an a posteriori demographic approach by considering each colony as a population of polyps. In the Mediterranean red coral, new polyps emerge from the coenenchyme in different regions of the colony and their budding rate depends on the age of branches. The age of polyps, branches and colonies were estimated using the organic-matter-staining dating method on thin sections of the colony skeleton. The median age and maximum life span of polyps were 4 and 12 years suggesting the presence of senescence processes: thus a colony renews several times its polyps during life cycle. Polyps were divided into annual age classes, and their mortality rates calculated. The polyp age distribution was then used to construct a mortality table and an algebraic transition matrix based on the age at death of 234 polyps. Finally, the polyp budding rate of a young, unbranched colony was calculated, and polyp temporal dynamics simulated. These findings represent the first steps for developing demographic models able to describe polyp dynamics of old and highly branched colonies.
Published: 2020

40. Some remarks on spanning families and weights for high order Whitney spaces on simplices

Author: Francesca Rapetti, Ana Alonso Rodríguez, Department of mathematics/Dipartimento di Matematica [Univ. Trento], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Control, Analysis and Simulations for TOkamak Research (CASTOR), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: Pure mathematics, 74J05, Discrete functions, field reconstruction, Degrees of freedom, High order Whitney forms on simplices, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, 01 natural sciences, Finite element method, 010101 applied mathematics, Set (abstract data type), Computational Mathematics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, spanning family, Modeling and Simulation, new degrees of freedom 2000 MSC: 65M60, Polygon mesh, New degrees of freedom, 0101 mathematics, High order, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; High order Whitney finite element spaces generally lack natural choices of bases but they do have spanning families. In these pages, we recall such a family on simplicial meshes and we prove theoretically its effectiveness. We also comment on some aspects of a new set of degrees of freedom, the so-called weights on the small simplices, to represent discrete functions in these spaces.
Published: 2019

41. A preliminary study on causatives in Italian Sign Langauge

Author: Santoro, Mirko, Aristodemo, Valentina, Structures Formelles du Langage (SFL), Université Paris Lumières (UPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di psicologia e scienze cognitive, Università degli studi di Trento, and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)
Subjects: [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

42. Construction of a spanning tree for high-order edge elements

Author: de Los Santos, Eduardo, Alonso Rodríguez, Ana, Rapetti, Francesca, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Control, Analysis and Simulations for TOkamak Research (CASTOR), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Financial support from also the Italian project PRIN 201752HKH8., ANR-15-IDEX-0001,UCA JEDI,Idex UCA JEDI(2015), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: incidence matrix, High-order edge elements, tree-cotree gauge, small simplices' graph, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: International audience; The well-known tree-cotree gauging method for low-order edge finite elements is extended to high-order approximations within the first family of Nédélec finite element spaces. The key point in this method is the identification of degrees of freedom for edge and nodal finite element spaces such that the matrix of the gradient operator is the transposed of the all-node incidence matrix of a directed graph. This is straightforward for low-order finite elements and it can be proved that it is still possible in the high-order case using either moments or weights as degrees of freedom. In the case of weights, the geometrical realization of the graph associated with the gradient operator is very natural. We recall in details the definition of weights and present an algorithm for the construction of a spanning tree of this graph. The starting point of the algorithm is a spanning tree of the graph given by vertices and edges of the mesh (the so-called global spanning tree, that is the one used in the low-order case). This global step, interpreted in the high-order sense, is enriched locally, with a loop over the elements of the mesh, with arcs corresponding to edge, face and volume degrees of freedom required in the high-order case.
Published: 2021

43. Click to Move: Controlling Video Generation with Sparse Motion

Author: Ardino, Pierfrancesco, De Nadai, Marco, Lepri, Bruno, Ricci, Elisa, Lathuilière, Stéphane, Lathuilière, Stéphane, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), Multimédia (MM), Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris, Département Images, Données, Signal (IDS), Télécom ParisTech, and Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, [INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]
Abstract: This paper introduces Click to Move (C2M), a novel framework for video generation where the user can control the motion of the synthesized video through mouse clicks specifying simple object trajectories of the key objects in the scene. Our model receives as input an initial frame, its corresponding segmentation map and the sparse motion vectors encoding the input provided by the user. It outputs a plausible video sequence starting from the given frame and with a motion that is consistent with user input. Notably, our proposed deep architecture incorporates a Graph Convolution Network (GCN) modelling the movements of all the objects in the scene in a holistic manner and effectively combining the sparse user motion information and image features. Experimental results show that C2M outperforms existing methods on two publicly available datasets, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of our GCN framework at modelling object interactions. The source code is publicly available at https://github.com/PierfrancescoArdino/C2M., Comment: Accepted by International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2021)
Published: 2021

44. How ECA vs Human Leaders Affect the Perception of Transactive Memory System (TMS) in a Team

Author: Giovanna Varni, Brian Ravenet, Maurizio Mancini, Ian Pitt, Patrick O'Toole, Beatrice Biancardi, Ivan Giaccaglia, Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Paris, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Numérique (LISN), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cognition, Perception et Usages (CPU), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Interaction avec l'Humain (IaH), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: media_common.quotation_subject, Applied psychology, Embodied Conversational Agent, Group Dynamics, Leadership, Team, Transactive Memory System, computer.software_genre, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Transactional leadership, Transformational leadership, Embodied cognition, Perception, Transactive memory, Leadership style, Curiosity, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Dialog system, Psychology, computer, media_common
Abstract: Transactive Memory System (TMS) is a mental representation of the distribution of knowledge between the members of a team. Can an Embodied Conversational Agent perform as well as a Human when intervening as a leader to support the development of the team’s TMS? And, if yes, are there differences in the way the team perceives their respective interventions? In this paper, a perceptive online study is conducted on how Human leader interventions affect the perception of a team’s TMS. The results are compared to the ones from a previous study evaluating an Embodied Conversational agent leader rather than a human one. Both the agent and the human adopt nonverbal behaviors characterizing 2 leadership styles: Transformational (TFL) and Transactional (TAL). TFL is expected to stimulate team members curiosity and creativity in problem-solving; instead, TAL emphasizes the role of the leader in supervising the team, providing it with feedback when needed. The results show that the intervention from both the agent and the human are perceived to potentially improve the perceived TMS of a team. Another interesting insight is that the TFL style works better when performed by the Human, where both the TAL and TFL style perform well when realized by the agent.
Published: 2021

45. A review of knowledge on the mechanisms of action of the rare sugar d-tagatose against phytopathogenic oomycetes

Author: Andrea Nesler, Essaid Ait Barka, Aziz Aziz, Michele Perazzolli, Abdessalem Chahed, Ilaria Pertot, Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes - EA 4707 (RIBP), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), European Project: 722642,INTERFUTURE, and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Settore BIO/04 - FISIOLOGIA VEGETALE, Plant Science, Horticulture, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Genetics, medicine, tagatose, rare sugar, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, D-tagatose, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, fungi, food and beverages, Rare sugar, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Mechanism of action, chemistry, Action (philosophy), Biochemistry, mechanism of action, microbial growth inhibition, phytopathogenic oomycetes, rare sugar, tagatose, phytopathogenic oomycetes, medicine.symptom, Agronomy and Crop Science, Tagatose, mechanism of action, microbial growth inhibition
Abstract: d-tagatose is a rare monosaccharide, naturally present at low concentrations in some fruits and dairy products.d-tagatose is "generally recognized as safe" and is used as a low-calorie sweetener in the food industry.It is able to inhibit the growth of numerous microorganisms, such as phytopathogenic oomycetes responsible for important crop diseases. Thanks to the negligible effects on human health and the environment,d-tagatose has been proposed as a sustainable product for crop protection. This review describes the current knowledge on modes of action ofd-tagatose against phytopathogenic oomycetes and its potential uses in agriculture.d-tagatose can negatively affect the growth of phytopathogenic oomycetes by inhibiting key enzymes of sugar metabolism, such as β-glucosidase inPhytophthora infestans, and fructokinase and phosphomannose isomerase inHyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. Moreover,d-tagatose affects sugar content, causes severe mitochondrial alterations, and inhibits respiration processes with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species inP.infestans, but not inP.cinnamomi. Differential effects ofd-tagatose are associated with a global gene downregulation inP.infestansand with an efficient transcriptional reprogramming of multiple metabolic processes inP.cinnamomi.d-tagatose displays possible species-specific effects inPhytophthoraspp. and nutritional properties on some plant-associated microorganisms. However, inhibitory effects are reversible andP.infestansgrowth can be restored in the absence ofd-tagatose. Further functional studies are discussed in this review, in order to promote the use ofd-tagatose for sustainable crop protection.
Published: 2021

46. A psycholinguist who spoke his mouth: Introduction to the special issue on bilingualism in honour of Albert Costa

Author: Boaz Keysar, F.-Xavier Alario, Núria Sebastián-Gallés, Alfonso Caramazza, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), University of Chicago, Harvard University [Cambridge], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), ANR-16-CONV-0002,ILCB,ILCB: Institute of Language Communication and the Brain(2016), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Harvard University
Subjects: Linguistics and Language, Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Psycholinguist, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, decision, 050105 experimental psychology, Language and Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Sociology, cognitive control, Neuroscience of multilingualism, media_common, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Field (Bourdieu), 05 social sciences, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Lexical access, bilingualism, Sketch, Linguistics, Honour, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Albert Costa was a dear friend and colleague who died young but accomplished much. We provide a brief sketch of his scientific contributions to the field of psycholinguistics and bilingualism. The articles included in the special issue are then presented along three research topics developed by Albert Costa in his own career: Lexical access in bilingualism, executive control in bilingualism, and judgement and decision making in a foreign language. The articles explore topics such as competition within and across words in unimodal or bimodal bilinguals, and its links to domain-general executive control, the reshaping of word form knowledge following second language learning, the stakes and methods involved in investigating accented speech, and the contrast between decision making in the native or second language. We hope this collection provides an up-to-date perspective on the rich field of bilingualism research, and a modest homage to our late friend and colleague.
Published: 2021

47. Apprendre les interactions en classe de français : enjeux et pratiques

Author: Carole Etienne, Elisa Ravazzolo, Biagio Ursi, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Interactions, Corpus, Apprentissages, Représentations (ICAR), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Les auteurs remercient le LABEX ASLAN (ANR-10-LABX-0081) de l'Université de Lyon pour son soutien financier dans le cadre du programme 'Investissements d'Avenir' (ANR-11- IDEX-0007) de l'Etat Français géré par l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)., ANR-10-LABX-0081,ASLAN,Advanced Studies on Language Complexity(2010), and École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Méthodologie, Interaction, didactique, interaction, applied linguistics, Theory and practice of education, plurilingualism, plurilinguisme, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Didactique des langues, Political science, 0502 economics and business, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, LB5-3640, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 060201 languages & linguistics, LC8-6691, corpus oraux, 05 social sciences, spoken corpora, Spoken Corpora, Methodology, acquisition, methodology, 06 humanities and the arts, General Medicine, Applied Linguistics, Special aspects of education, méthodologie, Français Langue Etrangère (FLE), French as a Foreign Language (FFL), Corpus oraux, didactics, 0602 languages and literature, interaction, spoken corpora, French as a Foreign Language (FFL), applied linguistics, methodology, didactique des langues, Humanities, 050203 business & management
Abstract: L’équipe LIS du laboratoire ICAR de Lyon s’est engagée depuis plusieurs années dans la conception de ressources pour l’enseignement du français oral et de la linguistique française à partir de ses corpus et de ses travaux de recherche. En concertation avec un réseau d’enseignants et de didacticiens, elle a construit l’application CLAPI-FLE proposant une quarantaine d’extraits décrits, transcrits et didactisés issus de situations ordinaires du quotidien, ainsi que des collections et des fiches explicatives pour documenter les fonctions pragmatiques et les procédés mis en œuvre par les locuteurs. De nombreux types d’interactions y sont représentés : des conversations privées pendant des repas ou des sessions de jeux, des achats dans des petits commerces, des réunions de travail, des consultations médicales, des appels téléphoniques, etc. Cet article montre de quelle manière les ressources de CLAPI-FLE permettent de sensibiliser les apprenants aux différentes composantes d’une interaction orale pour que la compréhension de son organisation et l’acquisition de stratégies de communication soient facilitées. The LIS (Language and Social Interaction) team of the ICAR Research Lab in Lyon has been involved for several years in the design of resources for the teaching of spoken French and French linguistics on the basis of its corpora and research work. In collaboration with a network of language and learning specialists and teachers, it has developed the CLAPI-FLE platform, which offers about forty extracts described, transcribed and didactically designed from everyday situations, as well as collections and explanatory sheets to document the pragmatic functions and processes used by speakers. Several types of interactions are illustrated: ordinary conversations during mealtimes or game sessions, service encounters in small shops, work meetings, medical consultations, phone calls, etc. This article shows how CLAPI-FLE’s resources make it possible to raise learners’ awareness of the various components of oral interactions in order to facilitate the understanding of their organization and the acquisition of communication strategies.
Published: 2021

48. Obsidian in the Upper Palaeolithic of Iberia

Author: Henrique Matias, Diego E. Angelucci, Susana Gómez Martínez, Armando Lucena, Josefina Zapata, François-Xavier Le Bourdonnec, João Zilhão, Valentín Villaverde, Ignacio Martín-Lerma, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Centro de Arqueologia da Universidade de Lisboa (UNIARQ), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Universidad de Murcia, Universitat de València (UV), and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Early Magdalenian, 01 natural sciences, obsidian, Prehistory, Spain, Early Magdalenian, obsidian, EDXRF, provenancing, rockshelter, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Keywords: Spain, rockshelter, 0601 history and archaeology, Magdalenian, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 060102 archaeology, General Arts and Humanities, 06 humanities and the arts, provenancing, Archaeology, Geography, Spain, Western europe, Bladelets, Mainland, EDXRF
Abstract: Submitted by André Pereira (andrepereira@letras.ulisboa.pt) on 2021-07-28T13:04:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 obsidian-in-the-upper-palaeolithic-of-iberia.pdf: 35662679 bytes, checksum: 4c261781e3211c52c02d47cc36e26d98 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Manuel Botelheiro Moreno (manuelmoreno@campus.ul.pt) on 2021-07-28T16:31:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 obsidian-in-the-upper-palaeolithic-of-iberia.pdf: 35662679 bytes, checksum: 4c261781e3211c52c02d47cc36e26d98 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-28T16:32:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 obsidian-in-the-upper-palaeolithic-of-iberia.pdf: 35662679 bytes, checksum: 4c261781e3211c52c02d47cc36e26d98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2021

49. The Differential Growth Inhibition of Phytophthora spp. Caused by the Rare Sugar Tagatose Is Associated With Species-Specific Metabolic and Transcriptional Changes

Author: Abdessalem Chahed, Valentina Lazazzara, Marco Moretto, Andrea Nesler, Paola Elisa Corneo, Essaid Ait Barka, Ilaria Pertot, Gerardo Puopolo, Michele Perazzolli, Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM), Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes - EA 4707 (RIBP), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), European Project: 722642,INTERFUTURE, and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Alternative respiration, Microbiology (medical), Phytophthora cinnamomi, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.MP.PRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Protistology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, transcriptomics, transcriptional reprogramming, Phytophthora spp, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], targeted metabolomics, Sugar, rare sugar, 030304 developmental biology, Original Research, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, rare sugar, Phytophthora spp., transcriptomics, gene expression level, targeted metabolomics, transcriptional reprogramming, biology.organism_classification, Rare sugar, QR1-502, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Citric acid cycle, chemistry, Biochemistry, Phytophthora infestans, Settore AGR/16 - MICROBIOLOGIA AGRARIA, Phytophthora, Tagatose, gene expression level, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Tagatose is a rare sugar with no negative impacts on human health and selective inhibitory effects on plant-associated microorganisms. Tagatose inhibited mycelial growth and negatively affected mitochondrial processes in Phytophthora infestans, but not in Phytophthora cinnamomi. The aim of this study was to elucidate metabolic changes and transcriptional reprogramming activated by P. infestans and P. cinnamomi in response to tagatose, in order to clarify the differential inhibitory mechanisms of tagatose and the species-specific reactions to this rare sugar. Phytophthora infestans and P. cinnamomi activated distinct metabolic and transcriptional changes in response to the rare sugar. Tagatose negatively affected mycelial growth, sugar content and amino acid content in P. infestans with a severe transcriptional reprogramming that included the downregulation of genes involved in transport, sugar metabolism, signal transduction, and growth-related process. Conversely, tagatose incubation upregulated genes related to transport, energy metabolism, sugar metabolism and oxidative stress in P. cinnamomi with no negative effects on mycelial growth, sugar content and amino acid content. Differential inhibitory effects of tagatose on Phytophthora spp. were associated with an attempted reaction of P. infestans, which was not sufficient to attenuate the negative impacts of the rare sugar and with an efficient response of P. cinnamomi with the reprogramming of multiple metabolic processes, such as genes related to glucose transport, pentose metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, reactive oxygen species detoxification, mitochondrial and alternative respiration processes. Knowledge on the differential response of Phytophthora spp. to tagatose represent a step forward in the understanding functional roles of rare sugars.
Published: 2021
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50. Towards nonuniform distributions of unisolvent weights for Whitney finite element spaces on simplices: the edge element case

Author: Alonso Rodríguez, Ana, Bruni Bruno, Ludovico, Rapetti, Francesca, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: We propose new sets of degrees of freedom, called weights, for the interpolation of a differential k-form in Whitney finite elements of arbitrary polynomial degree on simplices. They have a clear physical interpretation as integrals of the k-form on k-chains. This allows to consider quite general distributions of the supports, that are k-subsimplices not necessarily uniform, in a way here defined. We exploit this flexibility to investigate distributions that minimize the growth of the generalized Lebesgue constant when the polynomial degree increases. Preliminary numerical results for the edge element case support the nonuniform choice, in agreement with the well-known nodal case.[Tables, figures and thus conclusions have been corrected in this new version]
Published: 2021

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