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187 results on '"Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)"'

1. Multispecies biofilm removal by XP-endo Finisher and passive ultrasonic irrigation: A scanning electron microscopy study

Author: Hernán Coaguila-Llerena, Abel Teves, John Torres, David E. Jaramillo, Gisele Faria, Daniel Blanco, Débora Alvarado, Mario Casaretto, Stomatological research and training center, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia - UPCH, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - UNMSM. Lima, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista – UPSJB, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos – UNMSM, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), and University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
Subjects: Scanning electron microscope, Sodium Hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, Eikenella corrodens, Enterococcus faecalis, biofilm, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ultrasonics, Therapeutic Irrigation, General Dentistry, Chromatography, biology, Root Canal Irrigants, Chemistry, Multispecies biofilms, Biofilm, Water, biology.organism_classification, passive ultrasonic irrigation, Sodium hypochlorite, Biofilms, Streptococcus anginosus, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, root canal treatment, Dental Pulp Cavity, XP-endo Finisher, Bacteria, scanning electron microscopy
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:31:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 The aim was to assess the effect of XP-endo Finisher (XPF) on multispecies biofilm removal, in comparison with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and conventional syringe irrigation (CSI), by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fifty mandibular first premolars were instrumented, longitudinally sectioned. The split halves were incubated for 4 days with a broth obtained from three bacteria strains: Enterococcus faecalis, Eikenella corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus. Subsequently, the re-approximated split halves were irrigated with 4% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or water using CSI, and the final irrigation protocols were CSI with 4% NaOCl (CSI+4%NaOCl), PUI+4%NaOCl, XPF+4%NaOCl and CSI+water. The analysis of biofilm removal was performed using SEM images. There were no differences between PUI and XPF (P > 0.05), and both groups promoted higher biofilm removal than CSI+4%NaOCl and CSI+water groups (P
Published: 2021

2. Late Oligocene caviomorph rodents from Contamana, Peruvian Amazonia

Author: François Pujos, Adriana Magdalena Candela, Laurent Marivaux, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Julia V. Tejada-Lara, Myriam Boivin, Maeva J. Orliac, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Instituto Argentino de Nivolog, Glaciolog y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - UNMSM (PERU), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Rodent, Range (biology), Fauna, Zoology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Paleontología, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, Paleontology, Extant taxon, biology.animal, LATE OLIGOCENE, SOUTH AMERICA, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Fossil Record, CONTAMANA, biology, Amazon rainforest, South American land mammal age, DESEADAN, Taxon, PERU, CAVIOMORPHS, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Geology
Abstract: The Deseadan South American Land Mammal Age (late Early Oligocene – Late Oligocene) attests to a time of great diversification in the caviomorph rodent fossil record. Nevertheless, Deseadan rodent-bearing localities in Neotropical lowlands are few and poorly known. Here we describe the rodent assemblages from two Late Oligocene localities, near Contamana, Loreto, Peru. Seven taxa are new to science: Palaeosteiromys amazonensis gen. et sp. nov., Plesiosteiromys newelli gen. et sp. nov., Loretomys minutus gen. et sp. nov., Scleromys praecursor sp. nov, Ucayalimys crassidens gen. et sp. nov., Chambiramys sylvaticus gen. et sp. nov. and Chambiramys shipiborum gen. et sp. nov. These rodent faunas show that caviomorphs were relatively diverse in Peruvian Amazonia during the Late Oligocene, with the co-occurrence of at least three extant superfamilies: Erethizontoidea, Octodontoidea and Chinchilloidea. Additionally, they mark the earliest known occurrences of Scleromys, of a small erethizontid closely related to Microsteiromys and of an adelphomyine closely reminiscent of Ricardomys (all taxa previously restricted to Miocene localities thus far). They also document a form potentially related to Eosallamys (previously known from around the Eocene–Oligocene transition at Santa Rosa in Peruvian Amazonia). Finally, the geographical range of Adelphomyinae and of Deseadomys is widely expanded to the lower latitudes of South America for the Deseadan interval. The latter elements, in addition to the record of a very primitive species of Scleromys, suggest the absence of palaeogeographical and palaeoenvironmental barriers within the southern cone of South America before the Oligocene–Miocene transition. Fil: Boivin, Myriam. Universite de Montpellier; Francia Fil: Marivaux, Laurent. Universite de Montpellier; Francia Fil: Candela, Adriana Magdalena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina Fil: Orliac, Maëva J.. Universite de Montpellier; Francia Fil: Pujos, François Roger Francis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Salas Gismondi, Rodolfo. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Perú Fil: Tejada Lara, Julia V.. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Perú. Columbia University; Estados Unidos Fil: Antoine, Pierre Olivier. Universite de Montpellier; Francia
Published: 2017

3. Dental remains of cebid platyrrhines from the earliest late Miocene of Western Amazonia, Peru: Macroevolutionary implications on the extant capuchin and marmoset lineages

Author: MARIVAUX, Laurent, Adnet, Sylvain, Altamirano-Sierra, Ali, Pujos, Francois, Ramdarshan, Anusha, Salas-Gismondi, Rodolfo, Tejada-Lara, Julia, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Instituto Argentino de Nivolog, Glaciolog y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - UNMSM (PERU), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: [ SDV.BID.EVO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [ SDV.BID.SPT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, [ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: Objectives. Undoubted fossil Cebidae have so far been primarily documented from the late middle Miocene of Colombia, the late Miocene of Brazilian Amazonia, the early Miocene of Peruvian Amazonia, and very recently from the earliest Miocene of Panama. The evolutionary history of cebids is far from being well-documented, with notably a complete blank in the record of callitrichine stem lineages until and after the late middle Miocene (Laventan SALMA). Further documenting their evolutionary history is therefore of primary importance. Material. Recent field efforts in Peruvian Amazonia (Contamana area, Loreto Department) have allowed for the discovery of an early late Miocene (ca. 11 Ma; Mayoan SALMA) fossil primate-bearing locality (CTA-43; Pebas Formation). In this study, we analyze the primate material, which consists of five isolated teeth documenting two distinct Cebidae: Cebus sp., a medium-sized capuchin (Cebinae), and Cebuella sp., a tiny marmoset (Callitrichinae). Results. Although limited, this new fossil material of platyrrhines contributes to documenting the post-Laventan evolutionary history of cebids, and besides testifies to the earliest occurrences of the modern Cebuella and Cebus/Sapajus lineages in the Neotropics. Regarding the evolutionary history of callitrichine marmosets, the discovery of an 11 Ma-old fossil representative of the modern Cebuella pushes back by at least 6 Ma the age of the Mico/Cebuella divergence currently proposed by molecular biologists (i.e., ca. 4.5 Ma). This also extends back to > 11 Ma BP the divergence between Callithrix and the common ancestor (CA) of Mico/Cebuella, as well as the divergence between the CA of marmosets and Callimico (Goeldi's callitrichine). Discussion. This discovery from Peruvian Amazonia implies a deep evolutionary root of the Cebuella lineage in the northwestern part of South America (the modern western Amazon basin), slightly before the recession of the Pebas mega-wetland system (PMWS), ca. 10.5 Ma, and well-before the subsequent establishment of the Amazon drainage system (ca. 9–7 Ma). During the late middle/early late Miocene interval, the PMWS was seemingly not a limiting factor for dispersals and widespread distribution of terrestrial mammals, but it was also likely a source of diversification via a complex patchwork of submerged/emerged lands varying through time.
Published: 2016

4. Neotropics provide insights into the emergence of New World monkeys: New dental evidence from the late Oligocene of Peruvian Amazonia

Author: Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Alí Altamirano-Sierra, Julia V. Tejada-Lara, Sylvain Adnet, Myriam Boivin, Anusha Ramdarshan, Laurent Marivaux, François Pujos, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Instituto Argentino de Nivolog, Glaciolog y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - UNMSM (PERU), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Zoology, Platyrrhini, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Peru, Animals, Chilecebus, Branisella, Tremacebus, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, [ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, biology, Amazon rainforest, Fossils, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, Molar, 030104 developmental biology, Taxon, [ SDV.BID.EVO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Anthropology, Dolichocebus, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Paleogene, [ SDV.BID.SPT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy
Abstract: Recent field efforts in Peruvian Amazonia (Contamana area, Loreto Department) have resulted in the discovery of a late Oligocene (ca. 26.5 Ma; Chambira Formation) fossil primate-bearing locality (CTA-61). In this paper, we analyze the primate material consisting of two isolated upper molars, the peculiar morphology of which allows us to describe a new medium-sized platyrrhine monkey: Canaanimico amazonensis gen. et sp. nov. In addition to the recent discovery of Perupithecus ucayaliensis, a primitive anthropoid taxon of African affinities from the alleged latest Eocene Santa Rosa locality (Peruvian Amazonia), the discovery of Canaanimico adds to the evidence that primates were well-established in the Amazonian Basin during the Paleogene. Our phylogenetic results based on dental evidence show that none of the early Miocene Patagonian taxa (Homunculus, Carlocebus, Soriacebus, Mazzonicebus, Dolichocebus, Tremacebus, and Chilecebus), the late Oligocene Bolivian Branisella, or the Peruvian Canaanimico, is nested within a crown platyrrhine clade. All these early taxa are closely related and considered here as stem Platyrrhini. Canaanimico is nested within the Patagonian Soriacebinae, and closely related to Soriacebus, thereby extending back the soriacebine lineage to 26.5 Ma. Given the limited dental evidence, it is difficult to assess if Canaanimico was engaged in a form of pitheciine-like seed predation as is observed in Soriacebus and Mazzonicebus, but dental microwear patterns recorded on one upper molar indicate that Canaanimico was possibly a fruit and hard-object eater. If Panamacebus, a recently discovered stem cebine from the early Miocene of Panama, indicates that the crown platyrrhine radiation was already well underway by the earliest Miocene, Canaanimico indicates in turn that the “homunculid” radiation (as a part of the stem radiation) was well underway by the late Oligocene. These new data suggest that the stem radiation likely occurred in the Neotropics during the Oligocene, and that several stem lineages independently reached Patagonia during the early Miocene. Finally, we are still faced with a “layered” pattern of platyrrhine evolution, but modified in terms of timing of cladogeneses. If the crown platyrrhine radiation occurred in the Neotropics around the OligoceneeMiocene transition (or at least during the earliest Miocene), it was apparently concomitant with the diversification of the latest stem forms in Patagonia.
Published: 2016

5. Outcomes of Neonatal Bulbar Weakness

Author: Roberto Flores-Guevara, Francis Renault, Marie-Paule Vazquez, Jean-Jacques Baudon, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service de neurophysiologie [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie ( UPMC ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - UNMSM (PERU), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine ( UPD5 Médecine ), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 )
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Bulbar Palsy, Progressive, [ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Brain damage, Electromyography, Enteral administration, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Humans, Bulbar palsy, Retrospective Studies, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Retrospective cohort study, Gastrostomy, Parenteral nutrition, Treatment Outcome, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Etiology, Physical therapy, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Neonatal bulbar weakness (BW) has various etiologies and a broad prognostic range. We aimed to report outcomes in a large series of children with neonatal BW and explore the association of orofacial electrodiagnostic data with outcome. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the files of children who presented with facial, lingual, laryngeal, or pharyngeal weakness at birth and who underwent electrodiagnostic studies combining conventional needle electromyography (EMG) of orofacial muscles, blink responses, and EMG during bottle-feeding. Outcome measures included the need for prolonged respiratory assistance and enteral feeding, as well as sensorimotor and cognitive impairments. RESULTS: Of 175 patients, 73% had developmental disorders, 25% suffered from acquired brain damage, and 2% had no apparent underlying disorders. Motor or mental impairment was observed in 71%; death occurred in 16%. Outcomes were not significantly different when comparing developmental disorders versus acquired brain damage or neurogenic versus normal detection EMG. Abnormal blink responses were associated with higher frequencies of respiratory assistance (P = .03), gastrostomy (P = .025), and death (P = .009); moderate or severe oropharyngeal incoordinations were associated with higher frequencies of respiratory assistance (P = .006), prolonged enteral feeding (P < .0001), and gastrostomy (P = .0002). CONCLUSIONS: Orofacial electrodiagnostic studies provide supplementary information to help the pediatrician anticipate the management and prognosis of young infants with BW.
Published: 2016

6. Coercivity and generalized proximal algorithms: application—traveling around the world

Author: E. A. Papa Quiroz, A. Soubeyran, P. R. Oliveira, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Universidad Privada del Norte, Universidade Federal de Goiás [Goiânia] (UFG), Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques (AMSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Programa de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computação (PESC/COPPE-UFRJ), Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia (COPPE-UFRJ), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)-Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), FAPERJ-CAPES by the economic support on the Pos-Doctoral Project PAPD-2011, Process noE−26/100.057/2013−BBP, CNPq (Grant 302678/2017-4), ANR-17-EURE-0020,AMSE (EUR),Aix-Marseille School of Economics(2017), and ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011)
Subjects: Quasi distances, Variational rationality, Traveler problem, Proximal point methods, ACL-2 / HCERES A, General Decision Sciences, Management Science and Operations Research, Inexact algorithms, Coercivity, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance
Abstract: International audience; We present an inexact proximal point algorithm using quasi distances to solve a minimization problem in the Euclidean space. This algorithm is motivated by the proximal methods introduced by Attouch et al., section 4, (Math Program Ser A, 137: 91–129, 2013) and Solodov and Svaiter (Set Valued Anal 7:323–345, 1999). In contrast, in this paper we consider quasi distances, arbitrary (non necessary smooth) objective functions, scalar errors in each objective regularized approximation and vectorial errors on the residual of the regularized critical point, that is, we have an error on the optimality condition of the proximal subproblem at the new point. We obtain, under a coercivity assumption of the objective function, that all accumulation points of the sequence generated by the algorithm are critical points (minimizer points in the convex case) of the minimization problem. As an application we consider a human location problem: How to travel around the world and prepare the trip of a lifetime.
Published: 2023

7. Anthropogenic pressures coincide with Neotropical biodiversity hotspots in a flagship butterfly group

Author: Maël Doré, Keith Willmott, Boris Leroy, Nicolas Chazot, James Mallet, André V. L. Freitas, Jason P. W. Hall, Gerardo Lamas, Kanchon K. Dasmahapatra, Colin Fontaine, Marianne Elias, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Harvard University, Universidade Estadual de Campinas = University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Smithsonian Institution, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), University of York [York, UK], Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), FLMNH Museum Associates, Brazilian CNPq. Grant Numbers: 563332/2010-7, 303834/2015-3, French Ministry of Research (MENSR), Leverhulme Trust, Darwin Initiative, National Geographic Society. Grant Number: 5751-96, National Science Foundation. Grant Numbers: 0103746, 0639977, 0639861, 0847582, U.S. National Academy of Sciences, United States Agency for International Development, Human Frontier Science Program. Grant Number: RGP0014/2016, Fundação Amazônia Paraense de Amparo à Pesquisa. Grant Numbers: 2011/50225-3, 2012/50260-6, ANR-16-CE02-0012,CLEARWING,La transparence : origine physique, fonctions adaptatives et évolution chez les papillons transparents(2016), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Harvard University [Cambridge], Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: human impacts, 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Müllerian mimicry, geographic rarity, 15. Life on land, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Human Footprint, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, 03 medical and health sciences, Ithomiini butterflies, 13. Climate action, phylogenetic diversity, anthropogenic pressures, species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, biodiversity hotspots, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience; The biodiversity crisis has highlighted the need to assess and map biodiversity in order to prioritize conservation efforts. Clearwing butterflies (tribe Ithomiini) have been proposed as biological indicators for habitat quality in Neotropical forests, which contain the world's richest biological communities. Here, we provide maps of different facets of Ithomiini diversity across the Neotropics to identify areas of evolutionary and ecological importance for conservation and evaluate their overlap with current anthropogenic threats.Location: Neotropics.Methods: We ran species distribution models on a data set based on 28,986 georeferenced occurrences representing 388 ithomiine species to generate maps of geographic rarity, taxonomic, phylogenetic and Müllerian mimetic wing pattern diversity. We quantified and mapped the overlap of diversity hotspots with areas threatened by or providing refuge from current anthropogenic pressures.Results: The eastern slopes of the Andes formed the primary hotspot of taxonomic, phylogenetic and mimetic diversity, with secondary hotspots in Central America and the Atlantic Forest. Most diversity indices were strongly spatially correlated. Nevertheless, species-poor communities on the Pacific slopes of the Andes also sheltered some of the geographically rarest species. Overall, tropical montane forests that host high species and mimetic diversity as well as rare species and mimicry rings appeared particularly under threat.Main conclusions: Remote parts of the Upper Amazon may act as refuges against current anthropogenic pressures for a limited portion of Ithomiini diversity. Furthermore, it is likely that the current threat status may worsen with ongoing climate change and deforestation. In this context, the tropical Andes occupy a crucial position as the primary hotspot for multiple facets of biodiversity for ithomiine butterflies, as they do for angiosperms, tetrapods and other insect taxa. Our results support the role of ithomiine butterflies as a suitable flagship indicator group for Neotropical butterfly diversity and reinforce the position of the tropical Andes as a flagship region for biodiversity conservation in general, and insect and butterfly conservation in particular.
Published: 2021

8. Late middle Miocene Metatheria (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia and Paucituberculata) from Juan Guerra, San Martín Department, Peruvian Amazonia

Author: Narla S. Stutz, María Alejandra Abello, Laurent Marivaux, Myriam Boivin, François Pujos, Aldo M. Benites-Palomino, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Julia V. Tejada-Lara, Michele Andriolli Custódio, Martin Roddaz, Roberto Ventura Santos, Ana Maria Ribeiro, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo [La Plata] (FCNyM), Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy (INECOA), Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), BioGeoCiencias Lab, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía/CIDIS, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM (UFAM), Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Leakey Foundation, ECOS-FonCyT (A14- U01), CoopIntEER CNRS-CONICET (nº 252540), National Geographic Society (nº 9679-15), CAPES, COFECUB program Te 924/18, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), and ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010)
Subjects: Pebas Mega-Wetland system, Laventan, Geology, Paucituberculata, Didelphimorphia, Paleobiogeography, Pebas Mega-Wetland System, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; Currently, marsupials (modern members of the Metatheria clade) are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of South America, but poorly represented in the fossil record of these regions. Except for the species-rich fossiliferous localities of La Venta in Colombia, additional Miocene metatherians from tropical, equatorial South America are sparsely reported in Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela. Here, we introduce new metatherian remains recovered from the late middle Miocene locality of TAR-31, San Martín Department, Peru, which has been assigned to the Laventan South American Land Mammal Age (~13 Ma) by mammalian biostratigraphy. Three metatherian taxa are recognized at TAR-31: the didelphid didelphimorph ‘Thylamys’ cf. ‘T.’ colombianus, and the paucituberculatans aff. Palaeothentes and Pitheculites ipururensis sp. nov. This assemblage and the presence of a cebid primate at TAR-31 suggests predominantly humid and warm tropical conditions, with the occurrence of both forests and drier habitats in the surroundings. Comparisons with other Miocene metatherian assemblages at low and mid latitudes of South America clearly confirm close relationships between TAR-31 and La Venta (agreeing with observations based on monkeys and rodents), as well as, to a lesser extent, with Acre River local faunas and Madre de Dios (MD-67) in Brazil and Peru, respectively. The current results support the hypothesis that Western Amazonia was a single and consistent biogeographical region for land mammals over middle Miocene times, at the western edge of the Pebas Mega-Wetland System, and highlight the role of the Amazonian region concerning marsupial Neogene radiation. U-Pb analysis made on detrital zircon grains from TAR-31 gave a maximum depositional age of 17.4 ± 0.12 Ma (i.e., 4 Ma older than the biostratigraphical age), with a mixed detrital source likely comprising Precambrian (Western Amazon Craton), Neoproterozoic (Neoproterozoic mobile belts), and Phanerozoic rocks (Andes).
Published: 2022

9. Climate change, migrations, and the peopling of sine-Saloum mangroves (Senegal) in the past 6000 years

Author: Matthieu Carré, Louis Quichaud, Abdoulaye Camara, Moufok Azzoug, Rachid Cheddadi, Diana Ochoa, Jorge Cardich, Alexander Pérez, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Julien Thébault, Yoann Thomas, Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire (IFAN), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Université Abderrahmane Mira [Béjaïa], Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-19-CE32-0003,IROCWA,Apprendre du passé pour envisager l'avenir : approche intégrée de la sensibilité bioclimatique d'un coquillage exploité en Afrique de l'Ouest(2019)
Subjects: human migration, Archeology, Global and Planetary Change, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, mangroves, Geology, [SHS.DEMO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Demography, human migrations, shell middens, paleodemography, West Africa, radiocarbon, Climate change, history, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience; We present a reconstruction of human demography and shell fishing activity in the Sine-Saloum mangrove Delta (Senegal) in the past 6000 years using the summed probability density (SPD) of radiocarbon dates in archaeological shell middens. We explore how this local history relates to the climatic and political history of West Africa. We find that traces of human presence were scarce from 6000 to 2000 yr BP, partly because the geomorphology of the estuary was less favorable to human settlements at that time. A specialized shell fishing population migrated massively to the Sine-Saloum around 2000 yr BP, at the end of the aridification trend that followed the African humid period. This population, likely coming from the northern coast in search of land and resources, fleeing from aridity and the subsequent warfare, found refuge in the coastal mangroves and reached a maximum activity at about 1700 yr BP. This period corresponds to the beginning of trans-Saharan trade, and to a political complexification that would give rise to the Ghana empire. The incoming migration may have occurred in two waves as suggested by two peaks in the SPD curve at 200–400 CE and 600–800 CE and by cultural differences within the Delta. Most sites in the Sine-Saloum islands were abandoned in the early 15th century, before the arrival of Europeans, possibly because intensive shell fishing was not sustainable anymore, or because of the regional political destabilization associated to the fall of the Ghana empire and the beginning of the Mali empire. Shortly after, in agreement with oral traditions, a new population lead by the Manding Guelwars, moved to the Sine Saloum after a military defeat and founded the modern towns. They had a reduced shellfishing activity compared to previous inhabitants, possibly because activities were more oriented to the new trade with Europeans or to a prosperous agriculture in more humid climatic conditions that prevailed from 1500 to 1800 CE
Published: 2022

10. Middle Miocene vertebrates from the Amazonian Madre de Dios Subandean Zone, Perú

Author: Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Luc Lambs, Mélanie Louterbach, Martin Roddaz, Stéphanie Brichau, Stéphane Brusset, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Ali J. Altamirano, Julia V. Tejada-Lara, Thierry Otto, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Institut Français d'Etudes Andines (IFEA), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IRD (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Montpellier 2 (FRANCE), Institut Français d'Etudes Andines (PERU), Ministère des Affaires étrangères (FRANCE), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - UNMSM (PERU), Institut Français d'Etudes Andines - IFEA (Lima, Peru), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Fission track age, Fauna, Amazonian, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Rodentia, Biochronology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, biology, Amazon rainforest, Ecology, Geology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Dinomyidae, Marmosa, Marsupialia, Biogeography, Laventan, Colloncuran-early Laventan, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Tropical rainforest
Abstract: International audience; A new middle Miocene vertebrate fauna from Peruvian Amazonia is described. It yields the marsupials Sipalocyon sp. (Hathliacynidae) and Marmosa (Micoureus) cf. laventica (Didelphidae), as well as an unidentified glyptodontine xenarthran and the rodents Guiomys sp. (Caviidae), "Scleromys" sp., cf. quadrangulatus-schurmanni-colombianus (Dinomyidae), an unidentified acaremyid, and cf. Microsteiromys sp. (Erethizontidae). Apatite Fission Track provides a detrital age (17.1 +- 2.4 Ma) for the locality, slightly older than its inferred biochronological age (Colloncuran-early Laventan South American Land Mammal Ages: ~15.6e13.0 Ma). Put together, both the mammalian assemblage and lithology of the fossil-bearing level point to a mixture of tropical rainforest environment and more open habitats under a monsoonal-like tropical climate. The fully fluvial origin of the concerned sedimentary sequence suggests that the Amazonian Madre de Dios Subandean Zone was not part of the Pebas mega-wetland System by middle Miocene times. This new assemblage seems to reveal a previously undocumented "spatiotemporal transition" between the late early Miocene assemblages from high latitudes (Patagonia and Southern Chile) and the late middle Miocene faunas of low latitudes (Colombia, Perú, Venezuela, and ?Brazil).
Published: 2013

11. Eocene caviomorph rodents from Balsayacu (Peruvian Amazonia)

Author: Aldo Benites-Palomino, Michele Andriolli Custódio, Laurent Marivaux, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Narla Shannay Stutz, Walter Aguirre-Diaz, Johan Yans, Myriam Boivin, Julia V. Tejada-Lara, François Pujos, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Martin Roddaz, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), The Leakey FoundationNational Geographic Society, LabEx CEBA, ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Zurich, and Boivin, Myriam
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Systematics, 010506 paleontology, Fauna, Zoology, Rodentia, 10125 Paleontological Institute and Museum, Biostratigraphy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Peru, Caviomorpha, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Amazon rainforest, Palaeontology, Paleontology, South America, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 1911 Paleontology, Geography, Taxon, 560 Fossils & prehistoric life, Cachiyacuy, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Paleogene
Abstract: International audience; The Paleogene record of caviomorph rodents has substantially increased over the last decades, and their evolutionary history better understood by the discovery of their earliest representatives, so far recorded in several pre-Deseadan localities in Peruvian Amazonia. We report here the discovery of new caviomorph fossils from the Balsayacu area in Peru (TAR-55/TAR-55bis, TAR-76 and TAR-77 localities, San Martín Department). The study of this new material reveals the occurrence of four caviomorph taxa in these localities: Balsayacuy huallagaensis gen. et sp. nov., Chachapoyamys kathetos gen. et sp. nov. and Caviomorpha gen. et sp. indet. 1 and 2. It allows the revision and refinement of taxonomic assignments of previously described specimens. The first three taxa have a primitive dental pattern, as that characterizing stem Caviomorpha recorded in pre-Deseadan localities of Peru (Eocene localities of Contamana and ?late Eocene/early Oligocene Santa Rosa). We support here an Eocene age for the Balsayacu section due to the complete absence of morphologically derived taxa representing modern caviomorph superfamilies. By the presence of derived characters in Balsayacuy and Chachapoyamys compared to Canaanimys maquiensis and Cachiyacuy contamanensis from CTA-27 (Contamana, Peru; late middle Eocene), the Balsayacu section may document a time interval slightly younger than CTA-27 (which further yields Chachapoyamys cf. kathetos) and older than those of Santa Rosa and Tarapoto-Shapaja, likely documenting latest middle or early late Eocene times. These low-latitude stem caviomorph faunas provide new insights into the early evolutionary history and paleodiversity of that group immediately before the rise of modern superfamilies.
Published: 2021

12. Elementos y requisitos del acto moral

Author: Luis Alberto Bretoneche Gutiérrez and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Moral act, moral subject, moral community, moral standard or moral norm, knowledge of the moral norm, moral sanction, sujeto moral, General Medicine, 16. Peace & justice, 01 natural sciences, norma moral, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, conocimiento de la norma moral y sanción moral, comunidad moral, Acto moral, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Este artículo contiene un análisis de los elementos y requisitos que intervienen en la evaluación del acto moral, los cuales se identifican como sujeto moral, comunidad moral, norma moral, conocimiento de la norma y sanción morales. Además, se han examinado y colocado ejemplos de los elementos que intervienen en la calificación del sujeto moral, donde aparecen la libertad, la salud física y mental, el actuar, la responsabilidad según cada situación específica y la conciencia moral. En función de lo mencionado, se puede apreciar cuando los actos humanos son morales, inmorales, amorales o antimorales. Para dilucidar el tema se han utilizado los conocimientos, procedimientos e instrumentos racionales de dos disciplinas filosóficas, la Axiología y la Ética, las cuales siempre aparecen en la valoración de toda acción moral. This article contains an analysis of the elements and requirements that intervene in the evaluation of the moral act, which are identified as a moral subject, moral community, moral norm, knowledge of the moral norm and moral sanction. In addition, examples of the elements that intervene in the qualification of the moral subject have been examined and placed, where fredom, physical and mental health, acting, responsability according to each specific situation and moral conscience appear. Depending on the, it can be appreciated when human acts are moral, inmoral, amoral or antimoral. To elucidate the issue, the knowledge, procedures and rational instruments of two philosophical disciplines, Axiology and Ethics, have been used, which always appear in the evaluation of all moral action.
Published: 2021
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13. Miocene fossils from the southeastern Pacific shed light on the last radiation of marine crocodylians

Author: Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Diana Ochoa, Stephane Jouve, Pedro E. Romero, Jorge Cardich, Alexander Perez, Thomas DeVries, Patrice Baby, Mario Urbina, Matthieu Carré, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Division of Paleontology (Invertebrates), American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington [Seattle], Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: marine crocodylians, General Immunology and Microbiology, Fossils, Reptiles, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Fresh Water, General Medicine, Biological Evolution, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, phylogenetics, Palaeobiology, Gavialoidea, Animals, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, longirostrine ecomorphs, biogeography, Ecosystem, Phylogeny, General Environmental Science
Abstract: The evolution of crocodylians as sea dwellers remains obscure because living representatives are basically freshwater inhabitants and fossil evidence lacks crucial aspects about crocodylian occupation of marine ecosystems. New fossils from marine deposits of Peru reveal that crocodylians were habitual coastal residents of the southeastern Pacific (SEP) for approximately 14 million years within the Miocene ( ca 19 to 5 Ma), an epoch including the highest global peak of marine crocodylian diversity. The assemblage of the SEP comprised two long and slender-snouted (longirostrine) taxa of the Gavialidae: the giant Piscogavialis and a new early diverging species, Sacacosuchus cordovai . Although living gavialids ( Gavialis and Tomistoma ) are freshwater forms, this remarkable fossil record and a suite of evolutionary morphological analyses reveal that the whole evolution of marine crocodylians pertained to the gavialids and their stem relatives (Gavialoidea). This adaptive radiation produced two longirostrine ecomorphs with dissimilar trophic roles in seawaters and involved multiple transmarine dispersals to South America and most landmasses. Marine gavialoids were shallow sea dwellers, and their Cenozoic diversification was influenced by the availability of coastal habitats. Soon after the richness peak of the Miocene, gavialoid crocodylians disappeared from the sea, probably as part of the marine megafauna extinction of the Pliocene.
Published: 2022

14. Patterns of Plumericin Concentration in Leaves of Himatanthus tarapotensis (Apocynaceae) and Its Interactions with Herbivory in the Peruvian Amazon

Author: Carlos A. Amasifuen Guerra, Kirti Patel, Piero G. Delprete, Andréa P. Spina, Juan Grados, Pedro Vásquez-Ocmín, Alice Gadea, Rosario Rojas, Jesús Guzmán, Michel Sauvain, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Laboratorio Andino-Amazónico de Química de la Vida (LAVI), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Pérou]), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Herbier de Guyane - IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Guyane]), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Pharmacochimie et Biologie pour le Développement (PHARMA-DEV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Ecology, fungi, Plumericin, Plant Science, Precipitation, Soil types, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, plant-herbivore interactions, plumericin, soil types, precipitation, Peru, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Plant-herbivore interactions, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.01 [https]
Abstract: 18 páginas We explored the concentration patterns of the bioactive metabolite plumericin produced by Himatanthus tarapotensis (Apocynaceae) under different edaphic conditions and variations in rainfall intensity, as well as its potential role in the chemical defense against insect herbivores. Values of plumericin concentration from leaves were obtained by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, and evaluated as a function of differences in soil types, variation of precipitation, and variation of the abundance of insect herbivores, using first a Repeated Measures Correlation (rmcorr) and then a Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) analysis. Plumericin concentration is highly variable among plants, but with a significantly higher concentration in plants growing on clay soil compared to that of the white-sand soil habitat (p < 0.001). Plumericin concentration is not affected by precipitation. The caterpillar of Isognathus leachii (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) is the most conspicuous herbivore of H. tarapotensis, and its presence is continuous but not related to plumericin concentration, probably because of its capacity to elude the chemical defense of this plant. Nevertheless, our multivariate model revealed that plumericin concentration is related to the abundance of Hymenoptera (Formicidae), and this relationship is significantly influenced by the soil parameters of carbon percentage, clay percentage, and phosphorous percentage (p < 0.001). Plumericin is a mediating agent in the interaction between H. tarapotensis and its natural environment. Variation in plumericin concentration would be induced by the abundance of Hymenoptera (Formicidae), probably as a chemical response against these insects, and by differences in soil nutrient availability. 1. Introduction. 2. Results. 3. Discussion. 4. Materials and methods. References.
Published: 2022

15. Age and provenance of the Mio-Pleistocene sediments from the Sacaco area, Peruvian continental margin

Author: Diana Ochoa, Thomas J. DeVries, Kelly Quispe, Angel Barbosa-Espitia, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, David A. Foster, Renzo Gonzales, Sidoine Revillon, Raul Berrospi, Luis Pairazamán, Jorge Cardich, Alexander Perez, Pedro Romero, Mario Urbina, Matthieu Carré, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), University of Washington [Seattle], University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Geo-Ocean (GEO-OCEAN), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CONCYTEC- FONDECYT: Grant Nº 034-2019-02-FONDECYT-BM, Grant Nº 007-2017-FONDECYT, and grant N° 105-2018
Subjects: [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Provenance, Pisco basin, Geology, Mio-pleistocene, Peruvian continental margin, U–Pb geochronology, Earth-Surface Processes, Sacaco
Abstract: International audience; Over the last decades, rocks from the East Pisco Basin (EPB), on the Central Peruvian coast (13 •-16 • S), have yielded an abundant and diverse collection of coastal-marine fossils, which are key for characterizing the onset and evolution of the modern Humboldt Current. Despite its paleontological richness, and after almost 40 years of study, the spatio-temporal context of the deposits of the southern part of the EPB (Sacaco area) remains only broadly constrained, being mostly tailored to particular vertebrate-rich levels occurring throughout the area. Here we build a composite stratigraphic section for the Sacaco area including three lithostratigraphic units (Pisco, Caracoles, and Pongo formations), which documents several discontinuities and intraformational unconformities. We infer depositional ages based on new radiometric (U-Pb), isotopic (Sr) and biostratigraphic data, synthesize previous litho-, chemo-, and bio-stratigraphic studies, and present a comprehensive chronostratigraphic review of the Mio-Pleistocene record for the Sacaco sub-basin that allows us to identify various local and basinal events. Our results indicate that, in the Sacaco area, the Pisco Formation ranges from ~9.6 to 4.5 Ma, the overlying Caracoles Formation from 2.7 to ~1.9 Ma, and the Pongo Formation accumulated from ~1.9 up to at least 1.4 Ma. These sedimentary successions accumulated in a continually subsiding setting and show a shallowing-upwards trend. Zircon U-Pb provenance analysis mainly record Neoproterozoic, Cretaceous, and Mio-Pleistocene populations, revealing discrete up-section changes in source areas. Mio-Pleistocene and Cretaceous sources are continuously present, while older recycled-orogen sources vary through time in presence and abundance, indicating either paleogeographic changes or source exhaustion.
Published: 2022

16. The peopling of mangroves in Senegal in the late Holocene: relationship with climate and political changes in West Africa

Author: Carré, Matthieu, Quichaud, Louis, Camara, Abdoulaye, Azzoug, Moufok, Cheddadi, Rachid, Ochoa, Diana, Cardich, Jorge, Pérez, Alexander, Salas-Gismondi, Rodolfo, Thébault, Julien, Thomas, Yoann, Carré, Matthieu, Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire (IFAN), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Biocomplexité des écosystèmes coralliens de l'Indo-Pacifique (CoReUS2)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; We present a reconstruction of human demography and shell fishing activity in the Sine-Saloum mangrove Delta (Senegal) in the Late Holocene using the summed probability density (SPD) of radiocarbon dates in archaeological shell middens. We explore how this local history relates to the climatic and political history of West Africa. We find that traces of human presence were scarce from 6000 to 2000 yr BP, partly because the geomorphology of the estuary was less favourable to human settlements at that time. A specialized shell fishing population migrated massively to the Sine-Saloum around 2000 yr BP, at the end of the aridification trend that followed the African humid period. This population, likely coming from the northern coast in search of land and resources, fleeing the Saharan desertification and the subsequent warfare, found refuge in the coastal mangroves and reached a maximum activity at about 1700 yr BP. This period corresponds to the beginning of trans-Saharan trade, and to a political complexification that would give rise to the Ghana empire. The incoming migration may have occurred in two waves as suggested by two peaks in the SPD curve at 200-400 CE and 600-800 CE and by cultural differences within the Delta. Most sites in the Sine-Saloum islands were abandoned in the 14th century, before the arrival of Europeans, possibly because intensive shell fishing was not sustainable anymore, or because of the regional political destabilization associated to the fall of the Ghana empire and the beginning of the Mali empire. Shortly after, in agreement with oral traditions, a new population lead by the Manding Guelwars, moved to the Sine Saloum after a military defeat and founded the modern towns. They had a reduced shellfishing activity compared to previous inhabitants, possibly because activities were more oriented to the new trade with Europeans or to a prosperous agriculture in more humid climatic conditions that prevailed from 1500 to 1800 CE.
Published: 2022

17. Late middle Miocene caviomorph rodents from Tarapoto, Peruvian Amazonia

Author: Narla Shannay Stutz, Guillaume Billet, Anne H. Walton, Walter Aguirre-Diaz, Laurent Marivaux, Myriam Boivin, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, François Pujos, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Julia V. Tejada-Lara, Rafael M. Varas-Malca, Aldo Benites-Palomino, Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy (INECOA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), BioGeoCiencias Lab, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía/CIDIS, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Springfield Technical Community College, The Leakey Foundation,- National Geographic Society,- CoopIntEER CNRS-CONICET (n˚ 252540),- ECOS-SUD/FONCyT (n˚ A-14U01), ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), ANR-17-CE31-0009,GAARAnti,Pont terrestre 'GAARlandia' vs voies de dispersion à travers les Petites Antilles–Couplage entre dynamique de la subduction et processus de l'évolution des espèces dans le domaine des Caraïbes.(2017), University of Zurich, Kriwet, Jürgen, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Teeth, Physiology, Fauna, Digestive Physiology, tarsal bone, 10125 Paleontological Institute and Museum, 01 natural sciences, taxonomy, morphology, Peru, Medicine and Health Sciences, Phylogeny, Mammals, Multidisciplinary, biology, Fossils, Amazon rainforest, rodent, Eukaryota, Geology, Miocene Epoch, Plants, Legumes, Biological Evolution, Arms, Geography, 560 Fossils & prehistoric life, Laventan, Vertebrates, Medicine, biostratigraphy, Anatomy, Nomen nudum, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Research Article, 010506 paleontology, Nuyuyomys chinqaska, Astragalus, Science, Postcrania, Rodentia, Molars, Biostratigraphy, Rodents, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, animal tissue, mandible, Microscleromys paradoxalis, geographic distribution, Animals, Dentition, Humans, Caviomorpha, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, nonhuman, species diversity, Organisms, caviomorph rodent, Biology and Life Sciences, Geologic Time, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Archaeology, Middle Miocene, Taxon, Jaw, Neogene Period, Body Limbs, Amniotes, Dentin, fossil animal, Earth Sciences, Cenozoic Era, maxilla, Microscleromys cribriphilus, Digestive System, Head, Zoology, Tooth, paleontology, Ricardomys longidens
Abstract: Miocene deposits of South America have yielded several species-rich assemblages of caviomorph rodents. They are mostly situated at high and mid- latitudes of the continent, except for the exceptional Honda Group of La Venta, Colombia, the faunal composition of which allowed to describe the late middle Miocene Laventan South American Land Mammal Age (SALMA). In this paper, we describe a new caviomorph assemblage from TAR-31 locality, recently discovered near Tarapoto in Peruvian Amazonia (San Martín Department). Based on mammalian biostratigraphy, this single-phased locality is unambiguously considered to fall within the Laventan SALMA. TAR-31 yielded rodent species found in La Venta, such as the octodontoid Ricardomys longidens Walton, 1990 (nom. nud.), the chinchilloids Microscleromys paradoxalis Walton, 1990 (nom. nud.) and M. cribriphilus Walton, 1990 (nom. nud.), or closely-related taxa. Given these strong taxonomic affinities, we further seize the opportunity to review the rodent dental material from La Venta described in the Ph.D. volume of Walton in 1990 but referred to as nomina nuda. Here we validate the recognition of these former taxa and provide their formal description. TAR-31 documents nine distinct rodent species documenting the four extant superfamilies of Caviomorpha, including a new erethizontoid: Nuyuyomys chinqaska gen. et sp. nov. These fossils document the most diverse caviomorph fauna for the middle Miocene interval of Peruvian Amazonia to date. This rodent discovery from Peru extends the geographical ranges of Ricardomys longidens, Microscleromys paradoxalis, and M. cribriphilus, 1,100 km to the south. Only one postcranial element of rodent was unearthed in TAR-31 (astragalus). This tiny tarsal bone most likely documents one of the two species of Microscleromys and its morphology indicates terrestrial generalist adaptations for this minute chinchilloid.
Published: 2021

18. Conserved ancestral tropical niche but different continental histories explain the latitudinal diversity gradient in brush-footed butterflies

Author: Chris D. Jiggins, André V. L. Freitas, Chris J. Müller, Ullasa Kodandaramaiah, Fabien L. Condamine, Richard I. Vane-Wright, Carla M. Penz, Nicolas Chazot, Sören Nylin, Sean P. Mullen, Elena Ortiz-Acevedo, Akito Y. Kawahara, David J. Lohman, Carlos Peña, Anna Zubek, Andrew D. Warren, Roger Vila, Christopher W. Wheat, Karina L. Silva-Brandão, Kwaku Aduse-Poku, Pável Matos-Maraví, Marianne Elias, Niklas Wahlberg, Gytis Dudas, Zdenek Fric, Irena Kleckova, Phil DeVries, Gerardo Lamas, Condamine, Fabien L [0000-0003-1673-9910], Kodandaramaiah, Ullasa [0000-0002-1564-1738], Matos-Maraví, Pável [0000-0002-2885-4919], Lohman, David J [0000-0002-0689-2906], Silva-Brandão, Karina L [0000-0002-6423-424X], Zubek, Anna [0000-0003-3663-522X], Vila, Roger [0000-0002-2447-4388], Jiggins, Chris D [0000-0002-7809-062X], Freitas, Andre V L [0000-0002-5763-4990], Wahlberg, Niklas [0000-0002-1259-3363], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), National Geographic Society, Sigma Xi, Czech Science Foundation, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Swedish Research Council, Lund University, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [Seattle] (FHCRC), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Gothenburg], University of Gothenburg (GU), Georgia State University, University System of Georgia (USG), Florida Museum of Natural History [Gainesville], University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), City University of New York [New York] (CUNY), University of New Orleans, Institute of Entomology [České Budějovice] (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Stockholm University, Australian Museum [Sydney], Universidade Estadual de Campinas = University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), Institut de Biologia Evolutiva [Barcelona] (IBE / UPF - CSIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), University of Kent [Canterbury], Boston University [Boston] (BU), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Lund University [Lund], ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), ANR-16-CE02-0012,CLEARWING,La transparence : origine physique, fonctions adaptatives et évolution chez les papillons transparents(2016), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), University of Campinas [Campinas] (UNICAMP), Condamine, Fabien L. [0000-0003-1673-9910], Lohman, David J. [0000-0002-0689-2906], Silva-Brandão, Karina L. [0000-0002-6423-424X], Jiggins, Chris D. [0000-0002-7809-062X], Freitas, Andre V. L. [0000-0002-5763-4990], and Freitas, Andre VL [0000-0002-5763-4990]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Genetic Speciation, Science, Biogeography, Biodiversity, General Physics and Astronomy, Genes, Insect, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Extinction, Biological, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Nymphalidae, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Animals, 631/181/757, 14. Life underwater, Macroecology, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Tropical Climate, Multidisciplinary, Extinction, biology, Ecology, Geography, General Chemistry, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Phylogenetics, 631/158/852, 631/158/851, 704/158/670, Biological dispersal, Species richness, Animal Distribution, Butterflies, 631/158/670
Abstract: The global increase in species richness toward the tropics across continents and taxonomic groups, referred to as the latitudinal diversity gradient, stimulated the formulation of many hypotheses to explain the underlying mechanisms of this pattern. We evaluate several of these hypotheses to explain spatial diversity patterns in a butterfly family, the Nymphalidae, by assessing the contributions of speciation, extinction, and dispersal, and also the extent to which these processes differ among regions at the same latitude. We generate a time-calibrated phylogeny containing 2,866 nymphalid species (~45% of extant diversity). Neither speciation nor extinction rate variations consistently explain the latitudinal diversity gradient among regions because temporal diversification dynamics differ greatly across longitude. The Neotropical diversity results from low extinction rates, not high speciation rates, and biotic interchanges with other regions are rare. Southeast Asia is also characterized by a low speciation rate but, unlike the Neotropics, is the main source of dispersal events through time. Our results suggest that global climate change throughout the Cenozoic, combined with tropical niche conservatism, played a major role in generating the modern latitudinal diversity gradient of nymphalid butterflies., F.L.C is supported by an “Investissements d’Avenir” grant managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA, ref. ANR-10-LABX-25-01). D.J.L. was supported by grants DEB-1541557 from NSF and WW-227R-17 from the National Geographic Society. R.I.V.W. was supported by Leverhulme Trust emeritus programme. M.E. was supported by an ATIP grant, a grant from the Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0014/2016) and a grant from the French National Research Agency (ANR CLEARWING ANR-16-CE02-0012). E.O.A. was supported by Sigma-Xi (G20100315153261), Center for Systematic Entomology and the Council of the Linnean Society and the Systematics Association for the Systematics Research Fund. S.N. was supported by the Swedish Research Council (2015-04218 and 2019-03441). P.M.M. was supported by a Czech Science Foundation grant (Junior GAČR, 20-18566Y). R.V. was supported by projects PID2019-107078GB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033 (Agencia Estatal de Investigación) and 2017-SGR-991 (Generalitat de Catalunya). N.W. acknowledges support by the Swedish Research Council (2015-04441) and a start-up grant from the Department of Biology, Lund University.
Published: 2021

19. Biotic community and landscape changes around the Eocene–Oligocene transition at Shapaja, Peruvian Amazonia

Author: Aldo Benites-Palomino, François Pujos, Michele Andriolli Custódio, Federico Moreno, Myriam Boivin, Roberto Ventura Santos, Rosa E. Navarrete, Francisco Parra, Carlos Jaramillo, Ana Maria Ribeiro, M. Alejandra Abello, Camila Martínez, Céline Robinet, Fabiany Herrera, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Jean-Claude Rage, Narla Shannay Stutz, Rafael M. Varas-Malca, Sylvain Adnet, Martin Roddaz, Julia V. Tejada-Lara, Guillaume Billet, Johan Yans, Angélica Aliaga Castillo, Laurent Marivaux, Francisco Ricardo Negri, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo [La Plata] (FCNyM), Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratório de Paleontologia, Universidade Federal do Acre, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), The Leakey Foundation, ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: floodplain, Pozo System demise, Global sea levels, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, Sedimentary geology, Fluvial, 02 engineering and technology, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Plants (botany), Amphibia, Chemostratigraphy, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, vertebrate, morphology, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Deterioration, Mammals, Global and Planetary Change, geography.geographical_feature_category, oxbow lake, Amazon rainforest, Sedimentology, fossil record, Pedogenic carbonates, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.11 [https], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mammalia, community structure, Sauropsida, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, Landscape changes, coastal plain, Biotic community, Floodplain, Eocene-Oligocene boundary, landscape change, Rodentia, Paleoenvironments, Paleontology, Amazonia, Stratigraphic section, paleoclimate, Tropical rain forest, type locality, Sea level, Dipnoi, coastal wetland, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Vertebrata, geography, Andes-Amazonia transition, Climatic events, Dispersed organic matters, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.00 [https], 020206 networking & telecommunications, Characeae, 15. Life on land, Mollusca, Sedimentary rock, Tropical rainforest
Abstract: International audience; Since 2012, we have investigated a stratigraphic section encompassing the late Eocene–earliest Oligocene interval at Shapaja (Tarapoto area, Peruvian Amazonia, ca. 7°S), through paleontological and geological fieldwork. The measured sedimentary series (120 m-thick [West] plus 90 m-thick [East]), assigned to the upper member of the Pozo Formation, records fluvial micro-conglomeratic lenses intercalated with floodplain and evaporite-rich fine red deposits, estuarine/coastal-plain tidally-influenced fine sandstones, and oxbow lake nodule-rich blue clays. This sedimentary shift coincides locally with the demise of the large Eocene coastal-plain wetland known as Pozo System. The late Eocene–early Oligocene Shapaja section was extensively sampled for chemostratigraphy (δ13C on dispersed organic matter and pedogenic carbonate nodules), which in turn allowed for refining the location of the Eocene-Oligocene Transition (EOT) and other climatic events recognized at a global scale (i.e., Oi-1 and Oi-1a). The section has yielded nine fossil localities with plant remains (leaves, wood, charophytes, and palynomorphs), mollusks, decapods, and/or vertebrates (selachians, actinopterygians, lungfishes, amphibians, sauropsids, and mammals), documenting ~130 distinct taxa. Four localities of the upper member of the Pozo Formation at Shapaja predate the EOT, one is clearly within the EOT, while four are earliest/early Oligocene in age. The small leaf impressions found along the Shapaja section could be indicative of dry and/or seasonal conditions for this region throughout and after the EOT. Monkeys, indicative of tropical rainforest environments, are only recorded in a latest Eocene locality (TAR-21). Two biotic turnovers are perceptible in the selachian, metatherian, and rodent communities, well before the EOT [~35–36 Ma] and a few hundred thousand years after the EOT [~33 Ma]. The latter turnover seems to be primarily related to a global sea-level drop (ichthyofauna: marine-littoral elements replaced by obligate freshwater taxa) and/or the onset of a drier and more seasonal climate in early Oligocene times (terrestrial components). Changes in the structure of the Shapaja paleocommunities were mostly driven by the flexural subsidence during the late Eocene, and then globally driven by the earliest Oligocene climatic deterioration.
Published: 2021

20. Depositional environments and landscapes of the upper Miocene Ipururo Formation at Shumanza, Subandean Zone, northern Peru

Author: Rosa E. Navarrete, Séverine Fauquette, Rafael M. Varas-Malca, Francisco Parra, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Angélica Aliaga Castillo, Camila Martínez, Martin Roddaz, Augustin Feussom Tcheumeleu, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Federico Moreno, Frank P. Wesselingh, Laboratoire de Paléoécologie, Département de Géographie, Université de Montréal, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Departamento de Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Paleosedes E.U, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), School of Integrative Plant Science Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Laboratório de Geocronologia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Brasília, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Rainforest, Late Miocene, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary depositional environment, Pollen, medicine, Pebas mega-wetland system, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Eudicots, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, Mollusks, Ecology, Lithostratigraphy, Paleontology, Geology, Palynomorphs, 15. Life on land, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Proto-Amazonia .Neotropical rainforest, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Facies, Leaf impressions, Alluvium, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: International audience; During the late Miocene, the Andean-Amazonian region experienced drastic climatic and environmental changes, notably due to a major phase in the Andean uplift. The fossil record is virtually undocumented for this period in the Subandean Zone, where very few palaeoenvironmental and palaeontological investigations have been undertaken. Here, we describe plant remains (pollen, spores, and leaves), microfossils, mollusks, and vertebrates from the Ipururo Formation at Shumanza, San Martín, Peru. Twenty-nine plant families are identified from 164 pollen grains and 89 spores, among them Lycophytes, Monilophytes, and angiosperms (5 monocots and 18 eudicots). The pollen sample notably includes Grimsdalea magnaclavata, Palaeosantalaceaepites cingulatus, Echitricolporites spinosus, and Fenestrites longispinosus, pointing to a late Miocene-early Pliocene age for the TAR-27 locality (10.06-3.72 Ma). Leaf impressions, from nearby localities in the same section, document Malvaciphyllum sp. (Malvaceae), three morphs resembling Caryocaraceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, and two unidentified 'Dicotyledonae' angiosperms. The mollusk assemblage is somewhat reminiscent of early-middle Miocene Pebasian faunas and dominated by gastropods (ampullariids, cochliopid, cerithioid, and planorbids). It also includes sphaeriid and unionoid bivalves. Vertebrate recovery is very poor, with a serrasalmine characiform and unidentified actinopterygian teeth. Fossil assemblages and sedimentary facies consistently testify to the dominance of riverine/alluvial forests and the persistence of a steady lowland rainforest close to the Andes less than 10.1 million years ago, without indication of (1) mangrove/marine environments or (2) high-elevation ranges in the close surroundings of Shumanza by that time. By coupling palynostratigraphy and lithostratigraphy, Shumanza fossil assemblages would be further assigned an early late Miocene age (10.1-ca. 8 Ma).
Published: 2019

21. Allostratigraphy and paleontology of the lower Miocene Chilcatay Formation in the Zamaca area, East Pisco basin, southern Peru

Author: Elisa Malinverno, Walter Landini, Pietro Paolo Pierantoni, Anna Gioncada, Giancarlo Molli, Rafael M. Varas-Malca, Mario Urbina, Giulia Bosio, Felix G. Marx, C. Di Celma, Alberto Collareta, Karen Gariboldi, C. de Muizon, Olivier Lambert, Giovanni Bianucci, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Di Celma, C, Pierantoni, P, Malinverno, E, Collareta, A, Lambert, O, Landini, W, Bosio, G, Gariboldi, K, Gioncada, A, de Muizon, C, Molli, G, Marx, F, Varas-Malca, R, Urbina, M, Bianucci, G, Università degli Studi di Camerino (UNICAM), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Monash University [Clayton], Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: lcsh:Maps, facies analysis, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Allostratigraphy, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, vertebrate paleontology, Paleontology, lcsh:G3180-9980, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Marine vertebrate, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Facies analysi, 14. Life underwater, Vertebrate paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Based on mapping of laterally traceable stratigraphic discontinuities, we propose a high-resolution allostratigraphic scheme for one of the world's foremost fossil marine vertebrate Lagerstätten: the lower Miocene strata of the Chilcatay Formation exposed along the Ica River near Zamaca, southern Peru. Measured sections combined with 1:10,000 scale mapping of a 24 km 2 area provide an overview of the stratal architecture, as well as a general facies framework and interpretation of the various depositional settings. As a whole, the Chilcatay alloformation is bounded by the CE0.1 unconformity at the base and the PE0.0 unconformity at the top. An internal Chilcatay surface, termed CE0.2, splits the alloformation into two distinct allomembers (Ct1 and Ct2). The Ct1 allomember comprises three facies associations recording deposition in shoreface, offshore, and subaqueous delta settings. The Ct2 allomember comprises two facies associations, recording deposition in shoreface and offshore settings. Using these data, we place the rich marine vertebrate assemblage in a precise spatial and stratigraphic framework. The well-diversified vertebrate assemblage is dominated by cetaceans (mostly odontocetes) and sharks (mostly lamniforms and carcharhiniforms); rays, bony fish, and turtles are also present. Taxonomic novelties include the first records of baleen whales, platanistids, and eurhinodelphinids from the Chilcatay Formation. ARTICLE HISTORY
Published: 2019

22. El escepticismo arquimédico y la cruzada ética de Ronald Dworkin

Author: Eiffel Ramírez Avilés and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: archimedean, geography, valor, Summit, geography.geographical_feature_category, ética, Philosophy, media_common.quotation_subject, escéptico, arquimédico, ética, valor, escéptico, General Medicine, 16. Peace & justice, ethics, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, value, Error theory, arquimédico, Theology, skeptic, History of philosophy, Skepticism, media_common
Abstract: In this text you can see the debate between the American Philosopher Ronald Dworkin and the so called by him archimedean skepticism, which is a kind of ethical skepticism. In that way, we will see first which was the beginning of ethical skepticism in the history of Philosophy, and how was its development through three summits. In the last summit, we will examine the moral error theory of the famous skeptic of Twenty Century, John Leslie Mackie, whom Dworkin wants to oppose philosophically. Finally, we will show the decisive contribution of Ronald Dworkin to the Philosophy of Ethics: the utilization of Hume’s Law as refutation of ethical skepticism. En el presente texto se mostrará el debate sostenido por el filósofo norteamericano, Ronald Dworkin, contra lo que él llama escepticismo arquimédico, que es un tipo de escepticismo ético. De ese modo, veremos primero cuál fue el inicio del escepticismo ético en la historia de la filosofía, así como también cómo se fue desarrollando, a través de tres auges, hasta desembocar en la teoría del error moral del escéptico más conocido del siglo XX, y a quien Dworkin busca oponerse, John Leslie Mackie. Por último, señalaremos el aporte decisivo de Ronald Dworkin a la filosofía ética: la utilización de la ley de Hume como refutación del escepticismo ético.
Published: 2021
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23. Evidence of local adaptation despite strong drift in a Neotropical patchily distributed bromeliad

Author: Luis Alberto Pillaca Huacre, Clarisse Palma-Silva, Bárbara Simões Santos Leal, Myriam Heuertz, Christophe Boury, Vanessa Araujo Graciano, Cleber Juliano Neves Chaves, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Univ Bordeaux, Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), University of Campinas [Campinas] (UNICAMP), and ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Acclimatization, Population, Population genetics, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, sequencage d'adn, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic drift, Genetics, Selection, Genetic, education, Amerique du Sud, Genetics (clinical), Local adaptation, Isolation by distance, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Genetic diversity, Genetic Drift, Genetic Variation, Bayes Theorem, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Adaptation, Physiological, Genetic divergence, Pitcairnia lanuginosa Ruiz & Pav, 030104 developmental biology, Genetics, Population, Evolutionary biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Pitcairnia
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T15:04:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-05-05 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Investissement d'Avenir grants of the ANR Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) LabEx COTE mobility grant Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) SISBIO SERFOR IDEFLOR-Bio/PA SEMARH/GO IEF/MG Both genetic drift and divergent selection are predicted to be drivers of population differentiation across patchy habitats, but the extent to which these forces act on natural populations to shape traits is strongly affected by species' ecological features. In this study, we infer the genomic structure of Pitcairnia lanuginosa, a widespread herbaceous perennial plant with a patchy distribution. We sampled populations in the Brazilian Cerrado and the Central Andean Yungas and discovered and genotyped SNP markers using double-digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing. In addition, we analyzed ecophysiological traits obtained from a common garden experiment and compared patterns of phenotypic and genetic divergence (P-ST-F-ST comparisons) in a subset of populations from the Cerrado. Our results from molecular analyses pointed to extremely low genetic diversity and a remarkable population differentiation, supporting a major role of genetic drift. Approximately 0.3% of genotyped SNPs were flagged as differentiation outliers by at least two distinct methods, and Bayesian generalized linear mixed models revealed a signature of isolation by environment in addition to isolation by distance for high-differentiation outlier SNPs among the Cerrado populations. P-ST-F-ST comparisons suggested divergent selection on two ecophysiological traits linked to drought tolerance. We showed that these traits vary among populations, although without any particular macro-spatial pattern, suggesting local adaptation to differences in micro-habitats. Our study shows that selection might be a relevant force, particularly for traits involved in drought stress, even for populations experiencing strong drift, which improves our knowledge on eco-evolutionary processes acting on non-continuously distributed species. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Ecol, Inst Biociencias, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Bordeaux, INRAE, Biogeco, Cestas, France Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Dept Ecol, Museo Hist Nat, Lima, Peru Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Biol Vegetal, Campinas, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Ecol, Inst Biociencias, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2014/15588-6 Investissement d'Avenir grants of the ANR: CEBA:ANR-10-LABX-2501 CAPES: 001 FAPESP: 2014/08087-0 FAPESP: 2016/04396-4 FAPESP: 2016/20273-0 CNPq: 300819/2016-1 SISBIO: 44062-1 SERFOR: 2017-2016 IDEFLOR-Bio/PA: 001/15 SEMARH/GO: 187/2014 IEF/MG: 081/2014
Published: 2021

24. Changes in rocky intertidal communities after the 2015 and 2017 El Niño events along the Peruvian coast

Author: Aldo S. Pacheco, Lynn Wilbur, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Alexander Pérez, Juan Valqui, Diana Ochoa, Bruno Ibanez-Erquiaga, Jorge Cardich, Jose Avila-Peltroche, Maria Rivera Ch, Maria Pérez-Huaranga, Aldo Indacochea, Matthieu Carré, Centro de Ornitología y Biodoversidad (CORBIDI), Asociación CONSERVACCION, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Oceanlab, University of Aberdeen, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Científica del Sur [Lima, Pérou], Chosun University (CU), Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Latitudinal pattern, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Biogeography, ecological impact, Humboldt current ecosystem, Intertidal zone, La Nina, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, taxonomy, sea surface temperature, Macrobenthos, Peru, 14. Life underwater, species richness, Transect, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, El Nino-Southern Oscillation, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Community structure, 15. Life on land, Sea surface temperature, upwelling, Geography, annual variation, community dynamics, 13. Climate action, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.11 [https], rocky shore, Upwelling, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, Thermal anomaly, El Nino
Abstract: International audience; The Peruvian coast experiences the largest interannual variability of sea surface temperature in the world due to the combined influence of the coastal upwelling and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Although biological impacts of El Niño events have been widely reported, their effects on rocky intertidal communities remains largely unknown in Peru. Herein, we analyze the results of two biological surveys of rocky intertidal communities, conducted along 1400 km of the Peruvian coast. The first survey was conducted in 2015 yielding a snapshot of the distribution of rocky intertidal communities after 17 years of stable La Niña-like conditions. The second survey was carried in October 2017, after the 2015-16 and the 2017 El Niño events, which produced warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies up to 6 °C on the Peruvian coast. We find no changes throughout the latitudinal transect in taxonomic richness but an important turnover of species, especially marked in the transition zone (~4–8°S) between the Panamic and the Humboldt provinces. Temperature-related southward migration of species was evidenced in a few sites but did not explain the large-scale change in communities observed from 2015 to 2017, primarily driven by large changes in the distribution of a few ecologically important species across the Panamic and Humboldt provinces. A primary environmental impact on some ecologically key species likely triggered a chain of secondary impacts through ecological relationships which lead to a complex change independent from SST gradients. Further studies are needed to better characterize and disentangle the seasonal and interannual variability of the rocky intertidal communities and their drivers. When this interannual variability is integrated, the nine study sites show a highly persistent community structure determined by the latitudinal SST gradient along the Peruvian coast.
Published: 2021

25. EURHINODELPHINIDS FROM THE EARLY MIOCENE OF PERU: FIRST UNAMBIGUOUS RECORDS OF THESE HYPER-LONGIROSTRINE DOLPHINS OUTSIDE THE NORTH ATLANTIC REALM

Author: Lambert, Olivier, de Muizon, Christian, Varas-Malca, Rafael, Urbina, Mario, Bianucci, Giovanni, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, and Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5
Subjects: Odontoceti, lcsh:QE1-996.5, southeastern Pacific, lcsh:Geology, Cetacea, Eurhinodelphinidae, Chilcatay Formation, Burdigalian, lcsh:Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, lcsh:QE701-760
Abstract: Among the many hyper-longirostrine dolphins (Odontoceti) from the Miocene, members of the family Eurhinodelphinidae bear two highly distinctive cranial features: a long and edentulous premaxillary portion of the rostrum and a mandible that is significantly shorter than the rostrum. Until now, unambiguously attributed members of this clade were only recorded from early to middle Miocene deposits of the North Atlantic realm (east coast U.S.A., North Sea Basin, and Mediterranean). In this work we describe and compare two partial skulls of longirostrine dolphins from late early Miocene (Burdigalian, 19.25-18 Ma) marine deposits of the Chilcatay Formation, in the East Pisco Basin (southern coast of Peru), preserving rostral and mandibular material, as well as ear bones. Based on these specimens we report diagnostic remains attributable to this family for the first time for the whole Southern Hemisphere and the whole Pacific Ocean. This major expansion of eurhinodelphinids' palaeogeographic distribution contrasts with their proposed shallow-water, coastal environments; it suggests a new dispersal route for members of the family across the Central American Seaway; and it further highlights the similarities between the odontocete faunas of the southeastern Pacific and North Atlantic realm during the Miocene. Better-preserved eurhinodelphinid specimens from the odontocete-rich Chilcatay Formation will allow for a more detailed comparison with North Atlantic members of the family., RIVISTA ITALIANA DI PALEONTOLOGIA E STRATIGRAFIA , V. 127 N. 1 (2021)
Published: 2021

26. A new species and thirty-eight new subspecies of equatorial Ithomiini (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Danainae)

Author: Willmott, Keith R., Lamas, Gerardo, Hall, Jason P. W., Vitale, Fabio, Boyer, Pierre, Petit, Jean-Claude, Radford, Jamie, Elias, Marianne, Florida Museum of Natural History [Gainesville], University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)
Subjects: Andes, Colombia, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Amazon, Andes, clearwing butterflies, cloudforest, Colombia, DNA barcode, Ecuador, morphology, Neotropical region, Peru, rainforest, Solanaceae, systematics, taxonomy, cloudforest, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, taxonomy, clearwing butterflies, morphology, Peru, DNA barcode, Ecuador, Neotropical region, rainforest, systematics, Amazon, Solanaceae
Abstract: International audience; Neotropical ithomiine butterflies provide some of the most outstanding examples of Müllerian mimicry in nature, and the nearly 400 species of this tribe exhibit remarkable geographic color pattern variation. Here, we describe the following new ithomiine taxa from Ecuador and adjacent countries: Scada reckia ruiza Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Methona grandior batesi Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Elzunia bomplandii golondrina Willmott, Lamas & Hall, n. ssp., Ithomia agnosia zumba Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Ithomia arduinna ardua Lamas, Vitale & Boyer, n. ssp., Ithomia hymettia petitia Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Ithomia iphianassa occidentissa Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Hyalyris antea lalimba Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Hyalyris praxilla leuca Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Hyalyris praxilla abscondita Lamas, Radford & Willmott, n. ssp., Hyalyris ocna equatoria Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Hyalyris ocna aurea Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Hypothyris cantobrica zamorita Willmott, Boyer & Vitale, n. ssp., Napeogenes glycera mirador Lamas, Willmott & Radford, n. ssp., Hyposcada illinissa morona Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Hyposcada kena unki Lamas, Willmott & Boyer, n. ssp., Hyposcada taliata laetitia Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Ollantaya olerioides baeza Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Oleria tremona benigna Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Oleria radina bonita Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Oleria tigilla raya Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Oleria onega astigara Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Episcada clausina bomboiza Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Episcada hymenaea mirifica Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Episcada polita pichincha Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Episcada arcadia Lamas & Willmott, n. sp., Episcada arcadia navarro Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Pteronymia alida luctuosa Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Pteronymia alida cosanga Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Pteronymia alida francisca Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Pteronymia inania bethana Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Pteronymia hara olerina Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Pteronymia sao loreto Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Brevioleria arzalia loronia Lamas & Willmott, n. ssp., Hypoleria alema pastaza Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Hypomenitis hermana serafina Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Hypomenitis hermana chamba Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp., Hypomenitis oneidodes guarumales Boyer, Petit & Willmott, n. ssp., Hypomenitis oneidodes nicolasi Willmott & Lamas, n. ssp. These new taxa have remained undescribed until now for a variety of reasons, including incorrect application of existing names, confusion with described taxa due to Müllerian mimicry, and the discovery of new taxa through field work. One new species is described based on unusually marked differences in the genitalia of both sexes in comparison with congeners, discovered during the course of this study. For descriptions of new subspecies, we use morphological, molecular, distributional and ecological data to support our taxonomic hypotheses, figuring both sexes and the male genitalia for the majority of new taxa, providing 91 new DNA barcodes, and including notes on biology and distribution, with maps showing the distributions of neighboring and similar taxa. Nevertheless, future revision will be needed in a number of cases, when molecular data become more taxonomically comprehensive. We also designate a lectotype for Ithomia agarista C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862, synonymize Hypoleria chrysodonia elegans Winhard, 2021 and Hypoleria chrysodonia pallida Winhard, 2021 with Ithomia orolina var. chrysodonia Bates, 1862 (n. syn.), and treat Episcada clausina flava Winhard, 2021 as a subspecies of Episcada polita Weymer, 1899: Episcada polita flava n. stat.
Published: 2021

27. Nasal compartmentalization in Kogiidae (Cetacea, Physeteroidea): insights from a new late Miocene dwarf sperm whale from the Pisco Formation

Author: Manuel J. Laime, Aldo Benites-Palomino, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Matthieu Carré, Mario Urbina, Diana Ochoa, Jorge Vélez-Juarbe, Ali J. Altamirano, Alberto Collareta, Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), University of Zurich, Benites-Palomino, Aldo, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Kogiinae, Facial bone, Kogia, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Cetacea, 10125 Paleontological Institute and Museum, Late Miocene, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, south-eastern Pacific, Messinian, Pisco Formation, Peru, 14. Life underwater, marine mammals, Dwarf sperm whale, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, ved/biology, Paleontology, Kogiidae, biology.organism_classification, 1911 Paleontology, 560 Fossils & prehistoric life, Evolutionary biology, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.27 [http], Physeteroidea, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: Facial compartmentalization in the skull of extant pygmy whales (Kogiidae) is a unique feature among cetaceans that allows for the housing of a wide array of organs responsible for echolocation. Recent fossil findings indicate a remarkable disparity of the facial bone organization in Miocene kogiids, but the significance of such a rearrangement for the evolution of the clade has been barely explored. Here we describe Kogia danomurai sp. nov., a late Miocene (c. 5.8 Ma) taxon from the Pisco Formation (Peru), based on a partially preserved skull with a new facial bone pattern. Phylogenetic analysis recovers K. danomurai as the most basal representative of the extant genus Kogia, displaying a combination of derived (incipiently developed and excavated sagittal facial crest) and plesiomorphic features (high position of the temporal fossa, and antorbital notch not transformed into a narrow slit). Furthermore, when compared with the extant Kogia, the facial patterning found in K. danomurai indicates differential development among the facial organs, implying different capabilities of sound production relative to extant Kogia spp. Different facial bone patterns are particularly notable within the multi-species kogiid assemblage of the Pisco Formation, which suggests causal connections between different patterns and feeding ecologies (e.g. nekton piscivory and benthic foraging). At c. 5.8 Ma, K. danomurai was part of a cetacean community composed of clades typical of the late Miocene, and of other early representatives of extant taxa, a mixture probably representing an initial shift of the coastal faunas toward the ecosystem dynamics of the present-day south-eastern Pacific. © 2021 The Palaeontological Association
Published: 2021

28. Late Neogene evolution of the Peruvian margin and its ecosystems: a synthesis from the Sacaco record

Author: Jorge Cardich, Ángel A. Barbosa-Espitia, Juan Valqui, Diana Ochoa, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Matthieu Carré, Dimitri Gutiérrez, Kelly Quispe, Alexander Pérez, Mario Urbina, Thomas J. Devries, Patrice Baby, Christian de Muizon, David A. Foster, Ali J. Altamirano, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington [Seattle], Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Instituto del Mar del Peru (IMARPE), Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mio-Pliocene transition, Coastal geography, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Neogene, 01 natural sciences, Unconformity, Sedimentary depositional environment, Paleontology, Continental margin, Pisco Formation, 14. Life underwater, Sedimentology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Humboldt current system, Faunal turnover, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.00 [https], Pisco Basin, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Global cooling, Geology, Sacaco
Abstract: The highly productive waters of the Humboldt Current System (HCS) host a particular temperate ecosystem within the tropics, whose history is still largely unknown. The Pisco Formation, deposited during Mio-Pliocene times in the Peruvian continental margin has yielded an outstanding collection of coastal-marine fossils, providing an opportunity to understand the genesis of the HCS ecosystem. We present a comprehensive review, completed with new results, that integrates geological and paleontological data from the last 10 My, especially focusing on the southern East Pisco Basin (Sacaco area). We discuss the depositional settings of the Pisco Formation and integrate new U/Pb radiometric ages into the chronostratigraphic framework of the Sacaco sub-basin. The last preserved Pisco sediments at Sacaco were deposited ~ 4.5 Ma, while the overlying Caracoles Formation accumulated from ~ 2.7 Ma onwards. We identified a Pliocene angular unconformity encompassing 1.7 My between these formations, associated with a regional phase of uplift. Local and regional paleoenvironmental indicators suggest that shallow settings influenced by the offshore upwelling of ventilated and warm waters prevailed until the early Pliocene. We present an extensive synthesis of the late Miocene–Pleistocene vertebrate fossil record, which allows for an ecological characterization of the coastal-marine communities, an assessment of biodiversity trends, and changes in coastal-marine lineages in relation to modern HCS faunas. Our synthesis shows that: (i) typical endemic coastal Pisco vertebrates persisted up to ~ 4.5 Ma, (ii) first modern HCS toothed cetaceans appear at ~ 7–6 Ma, coinciding with a decline in genus diversity, and (iii) a vertebrate community closer to the current HCS was only reached after 2.7 Ma. The genesis of the Peruvian coastal ecosystem seems to be driven by a combination of stepwise transformations of the coastal geomorphology related to local tectonic pulses and by a global cooling trend leading to the modern oceanic circulation system.
Published: 2021

29. Molecular Phylogeny and taxonomy of a new Myxobolus species from the endangered ornamental fish, Otocinclus cocama endemic to Peru: A host-parasite coextinction approach

Author: Luis Ramiro Luna Espinoza, Patrick D. Mathews, André C. Morandini, Anai P. Flores-Gonzales, Omar Mertins, Fabienne Audebert, Tiago Milanin, University of São Paulo (USP), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Federal University of Sao Paulo (Unifesp), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Universidade do Estado do Amapá (UEAP), and Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP)
Subjects: Gills, 0301 basic medicine, Parasitic Diseases, Animal, Veterinary (miscellaneous), Loricariidae, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030231 tropical medicine, Endangered species, Zoology, Fresh Water, Otocinclus, Myxosporea, Fish Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Peru, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, South America, 030108 mycology & parasitology, biology.organism_classification, MYXOZOA, 6. Clean water, Genetic divergence, Infectious Diseases, Myxobolus, Insect Science, Molecular phylogenetics, Parasitology, Taxonomy (biology)
Abstract: A new Myxobolus species is described infecting gill filaments of the endangered ornamental fish Otocinclus cocama from Peruvian Amazon. In a total of 35 fish examined, five (14.3%) had myxozoan plasmodia. Taxonomic analysis was performed integrating multiple characters, including morphometrical, biological traits, ssrDNA sequence data and host ecological characters. Myxospores of M. iquitoensis n. sp. were ovoid in shape from the frontal view and measured 17.6±1.2 µm (16.2-19.8 µm) in length and 10.5±0.7 µm (9.8-12 µm) in width. The two polar capsules were elongate in shape, equal in size and occupying almost half of the myxospore body. They measured 8.7±0.4 µm (6.9-9.3 µm) in length and 3.3±0.2 µm (3-3.6 µm) in width. The polar tubules presented six to seven turns. Molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that the obtained ssrDNA sequence did not match any existing sequences in GenBank but showed M. iquitoensis n. sp. to be a close species of M. figueirae. Nonetheless, the ssrDNA sequences of those species show large genetic divergence. This is the first description and phylogenetic study of a myxozoan parasitizing fish of the genus Otocinclus from South America, as well the first report of these parasites infecting a fish belonging to the Loricariidae family from Amazon basin. Considering the endangered status of the host, the high degree of host-specificity of freshwater histozoic myxobolids, the low occurrence shown by the new myxozoan, and the fact that this is the only host known for this myxozoan, the conservation status of the new species of myxozoan is likely to be connected to the future survival of its host.
Published: 2020

30. New record of Neosaimiri (Cebidae, Platyrrhini) from the late Middle Miocene of Peruvian Amazonia

Author: Walter Aguirre-Diaz, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Laurent Marivaux, Myriam Boivin, Rafael M. Varas-Malca, François Pujos, Aldo Benites-Palomino, Guillaume Billet, Julia V. Tejada-Lara, University of Zurich, Marivaux, Laurent, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy (INECOA), Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), BioGeoCiencias Lab, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía/CIDIS, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Columbia University [New York], The Leakey Foundation- National Geographic Society- CoopIntEER CNRS/CONICET (n° 252540)- ECOS-Sud/FONCyT (n° A-14U01), Paleontological investigations in Peruvian Amazonia are carried out in the framework of an ongoing collaboration agreement between the Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor San Marcos (Lima, Peru) and the Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution de Montpellier-Université de Montpellier, France., ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226
Subjects: Primates, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.04.03 [https], 010506 paleontology, Evolution, Platyrrhini, 10125 Paleontological Institute and Museum, Neogene, Paleobiogeography, Saimirinae, 01 natural sciences, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.00 [https], Behavior and Systematics, Genus, biology.animal, Peru, Cebidae, Animals, 0601 history and archaeology, Primate, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 060101 anthropology, biology, Ecology, Fossils, Amazon rainforest, Laventan, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.03.00 [https], 06 humanities and the arts, biology.organism_classification, Archaeology, Geography, Taxon, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 560 Fossils & prehistoric life, Tropical South America, Anthropology, 3314 Anthropology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Animal Distribution, Tooth
Abstract: International audience; The Honda Group of La Venta, Colombia, has yielded a wide array of crown platyrrhine primates, documenting the late Middle Miocene epoch (ca. 13.1–12.6 Ma, Laventan South American Land Mammal Age). Although exceptional, this record represents only a snapshot of the evolutionary history of New World monkeys because virtually none of the primate taxa recorded at La Venta had so far been found elsewhere. We describe here few dental remains of a cebine platyrrhine discovered from Laventan deposits in the San Martín Department of Peru (Peruvian Amazonia). The primate dental specimens from that new fossil-bearing locality (TAR-31) are strongly reminiscent morphologically of the teeth of Neosaimiri fieldsi from La Venta. However, given that several aspects of the dental variability from TAR-31 are unknown, we prefer to provide an assignment with open nomenclature (i.e., Neosaimiri cf. fieldsi), instead of formally referring these remains to N. fieldsi, pending the discovery of additional specimens. The occurrence of Neosaimiri in Peru, in coeval deposits of La Venta, thus represents a second and southernmost record of that low-latitude genus in the Neotropics, thereby demonstrating its wide distribution along the northwestern edge of the Pebas Mega-Wetland System, in tropical western South America.
Published: 2020

31. Enfoque antitético del ocio

Author: Luis Alberto Bretoneche Gutiérrez and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: biology, Hesiod, Philosophy, biology.animal, Haraganeo, holgazanería, ocio, ocioso, General Medicine, Theology, Sloth, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, Term (time), Cicero, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: A través de este texto se podrán apreciar opiniones antitéticas del término ocio o sus equivalentes que tienen implicancias en el conocimiento, la vida cotidiana, la ciencia y la filosofía. Los dos sentidos que ha tenido el término ocio a través del tiempo son el negativo y el positivo. Se presenta resumidamente, por un lado, el sentido negativo que le dan las personas comunes, Hesíodo, Séneca, Michel de Montaigne, Francis Bacon, Immanuel Kant y Frederick W. Taylor, mientras que, por otra parte, se podrá estimar el sentido positivo del concepto en Platón, Aristóteles y Cicerón.
Published: 2020

32. Publishing 19th century texts : dialogue with Isabelle Tauzin-Castellanos

Author: Tauzin-Castellanos, Isabelle, Mena, Javier, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), AMERIBER : Amérique latine, Pays ibériques (AMERIBER), Université Bordeaux Montaigne, and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: [SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Para la genética textual, el texto es resultado de un proceso cuyo estudio y reconstrucción se inicia con la clasificación de los papeles sueltos, los borradores y la descripción de las múltiples versiones de los manuscritos para que, a partir de ellos, se proponga una edición acompañada de materiales que hagan visible dicho proceso. Para la crítica genética el libro es una entidad abierta y en permanente construcción, más que una totalidad acabada y cerrada. Destacamos este flujo metodológico de la vena disciplinaria genética de Tauzin-Castellanos pues confluirá con el saber literario-historiográfico.; Pour la génétique textuelle, le texte est le résultat d'un processus dont l'étude et la reconstruction commencent par la classification des papiers isolés, les brouillons et la description des multiples versions des manuscrits afin que, à partir de celles-ci, une édition accompagnée de matériaux qui rendent ce processus visible soit mise en oeuvre. Pour la critique génétique, le livre est une entité ouverte en construction permanente, plus qu'une totalité finie et fermée. Nous soulignons ce flux méthodologique de la veine disciplinaire génétique de Tauzin-Castellanos parce qu'il convergera avec la connaissance littéraire-historique
Published: 2020

33. L'édition de textes littéraires du XIXe siècle : dialogue avec Isabelle Tauzin-Castellanos

Author: Tauzin-Castellanos, Isabelle, Mena, Javier, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), AMERIBER : Amérique latine, Pays ibériques (AMERIBER), Université Bordeaux Montaigne, and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: [SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Para la genética textual, el texto es resultado de un proceso cuyo estudio y reconstrucción se inicia con la clasificación de los papeles sueltos, los borradores y la descripción de las múltiples versiones de los manuscritos para que, a partir de ellos, se proponga una edición acompañada de materiales que hagan visible dicho proceso. Para la crítica genética el libro es una entidad abierta y en permanente construcción, más que una totalidad acabada y cerrada. Destacamos este flujo metodológico de la vena disciplinaria genética de Tauzin-Castellanos pues confluirá con el saber literario-historiográfico.; Pour la génétique textuelle, le texte est le résultat d'un processus dont l'étude et la reconstruction commencent par la classification des papiers isolés, les brouillons et la description des multiples versions des manuscrits afin que, à partir de celles-ci, une édition accompagnée de matériaux qui rendent ce processus visible soit mise en oeuvre. Pour la critique génétique, le livre est une entité ouverte en construction permanente, plus qu'une totalité finie et fermée. Nous soulignons ce flux méthodologique de la veine disciplinaire génétique de Tauzin-Castellanos parce qu'il convergera avec la connaissance littéraire-historique
Published: 2020

34. A database of freshwater fish species of the Amazon Basin

Author: André Luiz C. Canto, Soraya Barrera Maure, Céline Jézéquel, Raúl Ríos Herrera, Luiz Jardim de Queiroz, Takayuki Yunoki, Lis F. Stegmann, Douglas A. Bastos, Hernán Ortega, Thierry Oberdorff, Rafael P. Leitão, Juan Bogotá Gregory, Willian M. Ohara, Astrid Acosta, Lucélia Nobre Carvalho, John G. Lundberg, Jonathan Valdiviezo-Rivera, Jansen Zuanon, Carolina Rodrigues da Costa Doria, Efrem J. G. Ferreira, Luciano Fogaça de Assis Montag, Rémy Bigorne, Marc Pouilly, Frank Raynner V. Ribeiro, Lúcia H. Rapp Py-Daniel, Francisco Villa, Tiago H. S. Pires, André Vieira Galuch, Cleber Duarte, Leandro M. Sousa, Saúl Prada-Pedreros, Edwin Agudelo, Fernando M. Carvajal-Vallejos, Javier A. Maldonado-Ocampo, Carlos DoNascimiento, Jaime Sarmiento, Max Hidalgo, Gislene Torrente-Vilara, Ariana Cella-Ribeiro, Pablo A. Tedesco, Mabel Maldonado, Raphaël Covain, Fernando Gonçalves Cabeceira, Koenraad Martens, José Iván Mojica, Tommaso Giarrizzo, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Instituto Amazonico de Investigaciones Cientificas, Partenaires INRAE, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural La Paz, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará [Santarém] (UFOPA), Universidad Mayor de San Simón [Cochabamba, Bolivie] (UMSS), Centro Universitário Aparício Carvalho, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle [Genève] (MHN), Instituto de Medicina Tropical 'Alexander von Humboldt' (IMT AvH), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Universidade Federal de Rondônia [Brésil] (UNIR), Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil], Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG), Drexel University, Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural [Cali, Colombie], Instituto Nacional De Biodiversidad (INABIO), Universidad del Tolima, Universidad Autonoma del Beni, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA [Belém, Brazil] (UFPA), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Data Descriptor, Databases, Factual, Species distribution, Biodiversity, Fresh Water, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Science, Database, biology, Amazon rainforest, Statistics, Fishes, Tropical ecology, Computer Science Applications, Geography, Freshwater fish, Freshwater ecology, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, Conservation of Natural Resources, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Biogeography, CONSERVATION, Library and Information Sciences, Structural basin, 010603 evolutionary biology, Education, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Rivers, Animals, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Biology and Life Sciences, South America, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, RIVER-BASIN, Biodiversity hotspot, Probability and Uncertainty, BIODIVERSITY, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, computer, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: The Amazon Basin is an unquestionable biodiversity hotspot, containing the highest freshwater biodiversity on earth and facing off a recent increase in anthropogenic threats. The current knowledge on the spatial distribution of the freshwater fish species is greatly deficient in this basin, preventing a comprehensive understanding of this hyper-diverse ecosystem as a whole. Filling this gap was the priority of a transnational collaborative project, i.e. the AmazonFish project - https://www.amazon-fish.com/. Relying on the outputs of this project, we provide the most complete fish species distribution records covering the whole Amazon drainage. The database, including 2,406 validated freshwater native fish species, 232,936 georeferenced records, results from an extensive survey of species distribution including 590 different sources (e.g. published articles, grey literature, online biodiversity databases and scientific collections from museums and universities worldwide) and field expeditions conducted during the project. This database, delivered at both georeferenced localities (21,500 localities) and sub-drainages grains (144 units), represents a highly valuable source of information for further studies on freshwater fish biodiversity, biogeography and conservation., Measurement(s)Diversity • Fish • spatial patternTechnology Type(s)digital curationFactor Type(s)geographic locationSample Characteristic - OrganismfishSample Characteristic - Environmentdrainage basinSample Characteristic - LocationAmazon Basin Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11920800
Published: 2020

35. Democracia y pluralismo moral

Author: Miguel Angel Polo Santillán and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: Democracia, Democracia, Pluralismo, Moral, 8. Economic growth, [SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy, General Medicine, 16. Peace & justice, Moral, Pluralismo, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science
Abstract: International audience; En julio del año pasado, la fiscalía pidió al decano de la Facultad de Letras de la UNMSM informe sobre unas conferencias cuyo tema había sido el marxismo. Sin duda, esto estaba fuera de lugar, si consideramos que vivimos en una democracia. Quizá todavía son temores de los años 80 y 90, del siglo pasado, dado que el grupo terrorista Sendero Luminoso estaba alimentado por el marxismo, interpretado por su líder. Esto llevó a la caza de brujas en los años 90, pues todo estudiante o profesor que tuviese libros de marxismo era considerado senderista o terrorista. En esta breve reflexión nos interesa pensar la relación entre democracia y pluralismo, de ideas y prácticas, dentro del límite de los derechos humanos. Pues, en estos tiempos, nuevas olas de fundamentalismo y limitaciones a la libertad de pensamiento y expresión se dan en todo el mundo. El enfoque liberal de la relación entre democracia y pluralismo Hoy hablamos de democracias liberales, aunque ya hemos dicho que no siempre los liberales han sido demócratas ni toda democracia ha sido liberal. Si hablamos de democracia es porque asumimos que es una forma de gobierno por lo menos en ideal, pero que debe ser realizado del pueblo, para el pueblo y por el pueblo. Sin embargo, nuestras sociedades contemporáneas no son homogéneas, sino muy diversas axiológicamente, expresadas en distintas expresiones artísticas, religiosas, morales y de saberes. Diversidad que tiene que ver con sus historias y tradiciones particulares. El liberalismo político considera necesaria esa libertad para el crecimiento de las personas y los grupos, siempre que no dañe a los demás, especialmente en su
Published: 2020

36. Two-mica rhyolitic tephra in the East Pisco Basin (Peru): new age and dispersion constraints for the eruptions of the Eastern Cordillera of Central Andes

Author: Giulia Bosio, Claudio Di Celma, Mario Urbina, Anna Gioncada, Igor M. Villa, Giovanni Bianucci, Michel Pichavant, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Università degli Studi di Camerino (UNICAM), Magma - UMR7327, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Bosio, G, Gioncada, A, Di Celma, C, Villa, I, Pichavant, M, Urbina, M, and Bianucci, G
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Macusani, Geochemistry, Silicic, engineering.material, Central Andes, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 39Ar–40Ar ages, Geochemistry and Petrology, Morococala, 550 Earth sciences & geology, Rhyolite, Pisco Formation, Tephra, Forearc, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Strongly peraluminous tephra, Miocene, Volcano, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], engineering, Strongly peraluminous tephra, 39Ar–40Ar ages, Miocene, Central Andes, Macusani, Morococala, Biotite, Geology, Volcanic ash
Abstract: International audience; wo-mica—biotite and muscovite—volcanics are particularly rare in the geological record. One of the several dozen volcanic ash layers from Central Andes volcanoes found in the upper Miocene marine succession of the Pisco Formation (Ica Desert, Peru) contains juvenile biotite and muscovite, sillimanite/andalusite, feldspars, and rhyolitic glass. 39Ar–40Ar dating on biotite and muscovite concordantly constrain an age of 7.96 Ma for this two-mica ash layer. A second tephra in the Pisco Formation has a similar biotite composition and an age between 7.45 and 6.93 Ma. The peculiar mineral assemblage and the chemical composition of biotite indicate a strongly peraluminous composition of the erupted magmas and, together with the 39Ar–40Ar ages, suggest to consider a correlation of these ash layers to the eruptions of the Miocene Macusani (Peru) or Morococala (Bolivia) volcanic complexes in the Eastern Cordillera of Central Andes. The major and trace element composition of glass supports the correlation with Macusani. A provenance from Morococala seems less likely given the large distances involved. These results provide new data on the volcanic activity of the Eastern Cordillera revealing ash that dispersed to over 500 km to the west, in the forearc marine basins. This finding highlights that the exhumed forearc East Pisco Basin is highly promising as an archive of distal ash for the reconstruction of the volcanic activity of Central Andes during the Miocene silicic flare-ups.
Published: 2020

37. Influence Of Climate Changes on Carbon Accumulation in High Andean Peatlands During the Last 2 500 Years

Author: Raul Espinoza, Patricia Moreira-Turcq, Yizet Huaman, Bruno Turcq, James Apaéstegui, Romina Llanos, Bram Willems, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM), Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP), Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: 13. Climate action, accumulation rates, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, carbon, paleoclimate, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Andes, 15. Life on land, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, peatlands
Abstract: Las turberas alto andinas, llamadas tambien bofedales, presentan altas tasas de acumulacion de carbono y sensibilidad a los cambios climaticos, motivo por el cual son consideradas como excelentes registros para estudios ambientales de alta resolucion. El presente estudio reconstruye, a traves del analisis del testigo APA01 ubicado en la cabecera de cuenca del rio Cachi en Ayacucho, la historia paleoambiental de los ultimos 2 500 anos. Las dataciones del testigo se determinaron por radiocarbono usando un Espectrometro de Masas con Acelerador de Particulas (AMS), la estimacion del carbono organico se realizo a traves de un analizador elemental PDZ Europa ANCA-GSL. Los resultados evidencian cambios en las tasas de acumulacion de carbono y en el clima local durante el Holoceno Tardio; especificamente durante los ultimos 2 500 anos antes del presente. Durante el periodo denominado Anomalia Climatica Medieval (ACM), alrededor de 1040 Despues de Cristo (DC) a 1300 DC, el clima mas seco provoco una desaceleracion en la acumulacion de carbono debido a una reduccion del nivel freatico que induce a una reduccion en la produccion de materia organica con un pico negativo en la concentracion de carbono. Al final de la Pequena Edad de Hielo (PEH), entre 1600 DC y 1890 DC, la acumulacion de carbono presento alta variabilidad. Posteriormente, el ambiente de turba se caracteriza principalmente por un aumento considerable de las tasas de acumulacion de carbono debido al aumento de la tasa de sedimentacion que posiblemente este relacionado con el retroceso de los glaciares en los Andes centrales. El reciente aumento drastico en la tasa de sedimentacion y la reduccion de las concentraciones de carbono advierten de una posible disminucion futura de estos ecosistemas.
Published: 2020

38. 3D models related to the publication: New record of Neosaimiri (Cebidae, Platyrrhini) from the late Middle Miocene of Peruvian Amazonia

Author: Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Laurent Marivaux, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), The Leakey Foundation (L. Marivaux)- National Geographic Society (P.-O. Antoine), ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, 060101 anthropology, biology, Amazon rainforest, Laventan, Platyrrhini, 3d model, 06 humanities and the arts, Neogene, biology.organism_classification, Paleobiogeography, 01 natural sciences, Geography, Human evolution, Evolutionary biology, Tropical South America, Peru, Cebidae, 0601 history and archaeology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; This contribution contains the 3D models of the fossil teeth of a small-bodied platyrrhine primate, Neosaimiri cf. fieldsi (Cebinae, Cebidae, Platyrrhini) discovered from Laventan deposits (late Middle Miocene) of Peruvian Amazonia, San Martín Department (TAR-31: Tarapoto/Juan Guerra vertebrate fossil-bearing locus n°31). These fossils were described and figured in the following publication: Marivaux et al. (2020), New record of Neosaimiri (Cebidae, Platyrrhini) from the late Middle Miocene of Peruvian Amazonia. Journal of Human Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102835
Published: 2020

39. Magnetoreception in multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes: a new analysis of escape motility trajectories in different magnetic fields

Author: Lis Carneiro da Silva Lopes, Daniel Acosta-Avalos, Karen Shiroiva Berbereia, Ana Gabriela Veiga Sepulchro, Henrique Lins de Barros, Katterine Patricia Taipe Huamani, Henrique Oliveira Leiras de Mota, Vitor Sudbrack, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas-CBPF, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Deltaproteobacteria, 030103 biophysics, Magnetotactic bacteria, MICRORGANISMOS CELULOLÍTICOS, Biophysics, Motility, Multicellular magnetotactic prokaryote, Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, 03 medical and health sciences, Magnetics, Motion, Cell Movement, Magnetotaxis, Magnetoreception, Candidatus Magnetoglobus multicellularis, Physics, Organelles, Microscopy, Bacteria, Escape motility, General Medicine, Magnetic field, Multicellular organism, 030104 developmental biology, Magnetic Fields, Flagella, Water Microbiology, Brazil
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:35:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-10-01 Magnetotactic microorganisms can be found as unicellular prokaryotes, as cocci, vibrions, spirilla and rods, and as multicellular organisms. Multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes are magnetotactic microorganisms composed by several magnetotactic bacteria organized almost in a spherical helix, and one of the most studied is Candidatus Magnetoglobus multicellularis. Several studies have shown that Ca. M. multicellularis displays forms of behavior not well explained by magnetotaxis. One of these is escape motility, also known as “ping-pong” motion. Studies done in the past associated the “ping-pong” motion to some magnetoreceptive behavior, but those studies were never replicated. In the present manuscript a characterization of escape motility trajectories of Ca. M. multicellularis was done for several magnetic fields, considering that this microorganism swims in cylindrical helical trajectories. It was observed that the escape motility can be separated into three phases: (I) when the microorganism jumps from the drop border, (II) where the microorganism moves almost perpendicular to the magnetic field and (III) when the microorganism returns to the drop border. The total time of the whole escape motility, the time spent in phase II and the displacement distance in phase I decreases when the magnetic field increases. Our results show that the escape motility has several characteristics that depend on the magnetic field and cannot be understood by magnetotaxis, with a magnetoreceptive mechanism being the best explanation. Instituto de Física de São Carlos Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-carlense 400 Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas-CBPF, rua Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca Departamento de Física Centro de Ciências Exatas Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n-Bela Vista Departamento de Física Instituto de Ciências Exatas Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Campus Universitário da UFJF, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer s/n, São Pedro Facultad de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), calle Germán Amézaga 375, Cuidad Universitaria Instituto de Física Teórica Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (IFT/UNESP), Rua Dr Teobaldo Ferraz 271 Instituto de Física Teórica Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (IFT/UNESP), Rua Dr Teobaldo Ferraz 271
Published: 2020

40. INFLUENCIA DE LOS CAMBIOS CLIMÁTICOS EN LA ACUMULACIÓN DE CARBONO EN BOFEDALES ALTOANDINOS DURANTE LOS ÚLTIMOS 2 500 AÑ0S

Author: Huaman, Y., Moreira Turcq, Patricia, Espinoza, R., Llanos, R., Apaestegui, J., Turcq, Bruno, Willems, B., Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM), Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP), Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: accumulation rates, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, carbon, paleoclimate, Andes, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, peatlands
Abstract: International audience; High-altitude cushion peatlands contain important records for high-resolution palaeoenvironmental studies, due to their high carbon accumulation rates and sensitivity to climatic changes. In this study, we present the paleoenvironmental history for the last 2 500 years based on the study of APA01 core, located in the headwaters of the Cachi river basin in Ayacucho. Radiocarbon dating by an accelerator mass spectroscopy (AMS) and by an elemental PDZ Europa ANCA-GSL analyzer to estimate particulated organic carbon were determined. Our results reveal changes in the peatlands during the Late Holocene. The palaeo climate varied significantly during the last 2 500 years. During the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (ACM) from around 1040 DC (Before Christ - BC, in spanish paper) to 1300 DC, the drier climate caused a slowdown in peat accumulation due to a reduced water table inducing a reduced organic matter production with a negative peak of carbon concentration. At the end of the Small Ice Age (PEH), between 1600 DC and 1890 DC, carbon accumulation showed high variability. Subsequently, the peat environment is mainly characterized by a considerable increase of carbon accumulation rates due to high sedimentation rates that is possibly related to the retreat of glaciers in the Central Andes. The recent drastic increase in the sedimentation rate and the reduction of carbon concentrations are a warning of a possible future decline of these ecosystems.
Published: 2020

41. Discurso sobre la areté

Author: Luis Alberto Bretoneche Gutiérrez and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: Virtud, areté, nobleza, excelencia, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy, Virtud, General Medicine, areté, 16. Peace & justice, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; In the present text, the concept of areté or virtue without moral content as it was used in the Hellenic and classical period of Greek history is going to be worked on very briefly. It will be possible to appreciate the way in which the apparent adjectives that appear qualifying the names of different historical or mythical personages are in fact the enunciation of the areté that characterizes the individuals.; En el presente texto se va a trabajar de manera escueta el concepto de areté o virtud sin contenido moral tal como se empleaba en el período helénico y clásico de la historia griega. Se podrá apreciar la manera como los aparentes adjetivos que aparecen calificando los nombres de diferentes personajes históricos o míticos son en realidad el enunciado de la areté que caracteriza a los individuos.
Published: 2020

42. Taxonomy and 18S rDNA-based phylogeny of Henneguya multiradiatus n. sp. (Cnidaria: Myxobolidae) a parasite of Brochis multiradiatus from Peruvian Amazon

Author: Omar Mertins, Luis Ramiro Luna Espinoza, Tiago Milanin, Patrick D. Mathews, André C. Morandini, Gema Alama-Bermejo, Fabienne Audebert, University of São Paulo (USP), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), and Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Gills, Parasitic Diseases, Animal, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Zoology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Microbiology, DNA, Ribosomal, 03 medical and health sciences, Cnidaria, Fish Diseases, Phylogenetics, Peru, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Parasite hosting, Tail, Animals, Parasites, 14. Life underwater, Myxozoa, Catfishes, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, Brochis multiradiatus, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology.organism_classification, CNIDARIA, Myxobolidae, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Polar capsule, Taxonomy (biology), Catfish, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: A new myxozoan species belonging to the genus Henneguya was isolated from the serous membrane of the visceral cavity of the hognosed catfish Brochis multiradiatus from Peruvian Amazon. Whitish plasmodia, macroscopically visible, were found in four of the thirty examined fishes. Mature myxospores were ellipsoidal in shape in frontal view and had a total length of 44.5 ± 0.6 μm (43.9–45.1), spore body measured 18.7 ± 0.9 μm (16.8–19.6) in length, 7.1 ± 0.2 μm (6.6–7.4) in width and 5.5 ± 0.3 μm (4.9–5.6) in thickness. The two polar capsules were elongated and equal in size, measuring 9.1 ± 0.1 μm (8.8–9.4) in length and 1.7 ± 0.1 μm (1.6–1.8) in width, occupying half of the myxospore body. Polar tubules coiled in 10–11 turns perpendicular to the long axis of the polar capsule. The caudal appendage was not bifurcated and measured 25.8 ± 0.6 μm (24.7–26.5) in length. The sequencing of the 18S rDNA gene resulted in 1400 bp and this sequence did not match any of the myxozoans available in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis placed the new species in a well-supported subclade of Henneguya spp. infecting callichthyid fishes, with Henneguya loretoensis being the closest species. This study is the first description of a myxozoan species, Henneguya multiradiatus n. sp. from a fish of the genus Brochis.
Published: 2020

43. Taphonomy of marine vertebrates of the Pisco Formation (Miocene, Peru): Insights into the origin of an outstanding Fossil-Lagerstätte

Author: Elisa Malinverno, Giovanni Bianucci, Karen Gariboldi, Christian de Muizon, Felix G. Marx, Mario Urbina, Olivier Lambert, Anna Gioncada, Giulia Bosio, Claudio Di Celma, Alberto Collareta, Rafael Varas Malca, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bosio, G, Collareta, A, Di Celma, C, Lambert, O, Marx, F, de Muizon, C, Gioncada, A, Gariboldi, K, Malinverno, E, Malca, R, Urbina, M, Bianucci, G, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Università degli Studi di Camerino (UNICAM), Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (IRSNB), University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), and Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Subjects: Teeth, Taphonomy, rapid burial, Marine and Aquatic Sciences, Marine fossils, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary structures, Peru, Pisco Formation, Medicine and Health Sciences, Musculoskeletal System, Chondrichthyes, Sedimentary Geology, Mammals, Multidisciplinary, biology, Fossils, Eukaryota, Vertebrate, Geology, Vertebrates, Medicine, Anatomy, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Cenozoic, Research Article, 010506 paleontology, Science, Marine Biology, Lagerstätte, biostratinomy, Paleontology, Biostratinomy, biology.animal, Marine vertebrate, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Marine Mammals, Skeleton, Petrology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Organisms, Whales, Biology and Life Sciences, fossil diagenesi, fossilisation, soft tissue preservation, Invertebrates, Fossils, Sediment, Vertebrates, Skeleton, Sharks, Whales, Marine fossils, Teeth, Fish, Jaw, cetacean, Amniotes, Earth Sciences, Sharks, Sediment, Zoology, Digestive System, Head, Elasmobranchii
Abstract: International audience; The Miocene Pisco Formation, broadly exposed in the Ica Desert of southern Peru, is among the most outstanding Cenozoic marine Fossil-Lagerstä tten worldwide. It is renowned for its exceptional preservation and abundance of vertebrate fossils, including a rich assemblage of whales and dolphins (Cetacea). Here, we integrate taphonomic data on 890 marine vertebrate fossils, gathered through 16 different localities. Our observations range from the taxonomic distribution, articulation, completeness, disposition and orientation of skeletons, to the presence of bite marks, associations with shark teeth and macroinvertebrates, bone and soft tissue preservation, and the formation of attendant carbonate concretions and sedimentary structures. We propose that the exceptional preservation characterising many Pisco vertebrates, as well as their exceptionally high abundance, cannot be ascribed to a single cause like high sedimentation rates (as proposed in the past), but rather to the interplay of several favourable factors including: (i) low levels of dissolved oxygen at the seafloor (with the intervention of seasonal anoxic events); (ii) the early onset of mineralisation processes like apatite dissolution/recrystallisation and carbonate mineral precipitation; (iii) rapid burial of carcasses in a soupy substrate and/or a novel mechanism involving scour-induced self-burial; and (iv) original biological richness. Collectively, our observations provide a comprehensive overview of the taphonomic processes that shaped one of South America's most important fossil deposits, and suggest a model for the formation of other marine vertebrate Fossil-Lagerstä tten.
Published: 2021

44. Restes inédits de rongeurs caviomorphes du Paléogène de la région de Juanjui (Amazonie péruvienne) : systématique, implications macro-évolutives et biostratigraphiques

Author: Assémat, Alexandre, BOIVIN, Myriam, MARIVAUX, Laurent, Pujos, Francois, Benites-Palomino, Aldo, Salas-Gismondi, Rodolfo, Tejada-Lara, Julia V., Varas-Malca, Rafael, Negri, Francisco Ricardo, Ribeiro, Ana Maria, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: microstructure de l’émail, morphologie dentaire, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Pérou, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, biostratigraphie, Éocène, Oligocène, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Caviomorpha
Abstract: International audience; Paleogene deposits of Peruvian Amazonia have yielded the oldest caviomorph rodent communities from South America, and the clues that their early diversification had occurred in this area. Here we report fossil dental remains of rodents from two new sections located in the vicinity of Juanjui and Balsayacu (San Martín Department, Peruvian Amazonia). Analyses of the occlusal morphology of cheek teeth and of the incisor enamel microstructure indicate the occurrence of basal caviomorphs (such as CachiyacuyAntoine, Marivaux, Croft, Billet, Ganerød, Jaramillo, Martin, Orliac, Tejada, Altamirano, Duranthon, Fanjat, Rousse & Salas Gismondi, 2012, CanaanimysAntoine, Marivaux, Croft, Billet, Ganerød, Jaramillo, Martin, Orliac, Tejada, Altamirano, Duranthon, Fanjat, Rousse & Salas Gismondi, 2012, and EoespinaFrailey & Campbell, 2004, genera so far known from late middle Eocene deposits of Contamana, Pe-ruvian Amazonia) in levels situated in the lower part of the studied stratigraphic section. More derived taxa (such as Eoincamys Frailey & Campbell, 2004), known from early Oligocene deposits of Tarapoto/Shapaja and Santa Rosa, Peruvian Amazonia) occur only in upper levels of the section. Based on these considerations, the rodent-bearing localities of the Juanjui/Balsayacu area seem to be intermediate in age between the Contamana Eocene localities and the Tarapoto/Shapaja Oligocene ones and the Santa Rosa ?Eocene/Oligocene one. These new data document a poorly known period in Western Amazonia, in providing a sedimentological record most likely documenting the late middle Eocene, the late Eo-cene and the earliest Oligocene interval. Furthermore, the existence of a long temporal hiatus between Canaanimys-Cachiyacuy-Potamotrygon ucayalensis assemblages (Contamana, Pozo Formation; Balsayacu; lower levels at Juanjui) and Eoincamys-yielding faunas (Santa Rosa; Tarapoto/Shapaja; uppermost levels at Juanjui) is demonstrated in a single continuous and long-ranging stratigraphic section at Juanjui.; Le Paléogène d’Amazonie péruvienne a livré les plus anciennes communautés de rongeurs caviomorphes d’Amérique du Sud, lesquelles sont le résultat des premières phases de diversification de ce groupe. Ce travail présente l’étude de restes dentaires inédits de rongeurs fossiles issus de deux nouvelles sections situées à proximité des villes de Juanjui et de Balsayacu (Département de San Martín, Amazonie péruvienne). Les analyses de la morphologie occlusale des dents jugales et de la microstructure de l’émail des incisives indiquent la présence de taxons basaux tels que les genres Cachiyacuy Antoine, Marivaux, Croft, Billet, Ganerød, Jaramillo, Martin, Orliac, Tejada, Altamirano, Duranthon, Fanjat, Rousse & Salas Gismondi, 2012, Canaanimys Antoine, Marivaux, Croft, Billet, Ganerød, Jaramillo, Martin, Orliac, Tejada, Altami-rano, Duranthon, Fanjat, Rousse & Salas Gismondi, 2012, et Eoespina Frailey & Campbell, 2004, dans les niveaux inférieurs de la série sédimentaire, auxquels succèdent des taxons plus dérivés, comme Eoinca-mys Frailey & Campbell, 2004, dans des niveaux plus récents. Ces taxons témoignent d’une morphologie intermédiaire entre ceux documentés en Amazonie péruvienne dans les localités éocènes de Contamana (fin de l’Éocène moyen) et ceux des localités oligocènes de Tarapoto/Shapaja et Santa Rosa (?Éocène supérieur/Oligocène inférieur). Ces fossiles apportent ainsi une documentation inédite en Amazonie, en ce que les secteurs de Juanjui et de Balsayacu présentent des dépôts sédimentaires couvrant vraisembla-blement la fin de l’Éocène moyen, une partie de l’Éocène supérieur et la base de l’Oligocène. Enfin, la continuité stratigraphique de la longue section de Juanjui permet de démontrer l’existence d’un hiatus temporel significatif entre les assemblages à Canaanimys-Cachiyacuy-Potamotrygon ucayalensis (Contamana, Formation Pozo ; base de la section de Juanjui ; Balsayacu) et ceux à Eoincamys (Santa Rosa ; Tarapoto/Shapaja ; sommet de la section de Juanjui).
Published: 2019

45. Cenozoic evolution of Western Amazonian ecosystems

Author: Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, Baby, Patrice, Benites-Palomino, Aldo, BOIVIN, Myriam, Jaramillo, Carlos, MARIVAUX, Laurent, Navarette, R. E., Parra, Francisco, Pujos, François, Roddaz, Martin, Tejada-Lara, Julia V., Salas Gismondi, Rodolfo, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas, CONICET ( INECOA), Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO)
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

46. Palaeoproteomics resolves sloth relationships

Author: Jesper V. Olsen, Ross D. E. MacPhee, Alejandro Gustavo Kramarz, Brian T. Chait, Marcelo Alfredo Reguero, Meaghan Mackie, Kirsty Penkman, John Southon, Analía M. Forasiepi, Roman Fischer, Jonathan I. Bloch, Graham J. Slater, Rodolfo Salas Gismondi, Alex D. Greenwood, Fabiana María Martin, Kelly R. Molloy, José Luis Lanata, Fernando Scaglia, Maximiliano Javier Lezcano, Samantha Presslee, Adam Hajduk, Matias Taglioretti, Christian de Muizon, Robert S. Feranec, Matthew J. Collins, François Pujos, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), Department of Earth System Science [Irvine] (ESS), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, Centro de Estudios del Hombre Austral, Universidad de Magallanes (UMAG), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rockefeller University [New York], American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Fischer, Roman [0000-0002-9715-5951], Olsen, Jesper V [0000-0002-4747-4938], Lanata, José Luis [0000-0002-3606-4239], Salas Gismondi, Rodolfo [0000-0001-9990-8841], Chait, Brian T [0000-0003-3524-557X], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Systematics, Megalonyx, Ancient dna, Evolutionary biology, mitochondrial DNA, phylogeny, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, DNA, Mitochondrial, 03 medical and health sciences, Monophyly, Sloth, biology.animal, Ciencias Naturales, Animals, animal, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.15 [https], Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, fossil, Ecology, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Fossils, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, biology.organism_classification, Sloths, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.13 [https], Megalonychidae, Ancient DNA, sloth, Mylodontidae
Abstract: The living tree sloths Choloepus and Bradypus are the only remaining members of Folivora, a major xenarthran radiation that occupied a wide range of habitats in many parts of the western hemisphere during the Cenozoic, including both continents and the West Indies. Ancient DNA evidence has played only a minor role in folivoran systematics, as most sloths lived in places not conducive to genomic preservation. Here we utilize collagen sequence information, both separately and in combination with published mitochondrial DNA evidence, to assess the relationships of tree sloths and their extinct relatives. Results from phylogenetic analysis of these datasets differ substantially from morphology-based concepts: Choloepus groups with Mylodontidae, not Megalonychidae; Bradypus and Megalonyx pair together as megatherioids, while monophyletic Antillean sloths may be sister to all other folivorans. Divergence estimates are consistent with fossil evidence for mid-Cenozoic presence of sloths in the West Indies and an early Miocene radiation in South America., Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo
Published: 2019

47. A new record of a giant neoepiblemid rodent from Peruvian Amazonia and an overview of lower tooth dental homologies among chinchilloids

Author: Aldo Benites-Palomino, Laurent Marivaux, Myriam Boivin, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas ( INECOA), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and MARIVAUX, Laurent
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Eumegamys, Rodent, Late Miocene, Phoberomys, 01 natural sciences, Homology (biology), Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], lcsh:GN282-286.7, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https], Peru, lcsh:QE701-760, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, Amazon rainforest, Geography, Mammalia, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, RODENTIA, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, 010506 paleontology, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Rodentia, 010603 evolutionary biology, Paleontología, [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], mandible, PHOBEROMYS, biology.animal, lcsh:Fossil man. Human paleontology, SOUTH AMERICA, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, MAMMALIA, Paleontology, South America, biology.organism_classification, Lower tooth, Palaeogene, Taxon, Evolutionary biology, lcsh:Paleontology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], PERU, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, MONTE SALVADO, PALAEOGENE, Monte Salvado, Paleogene, MANDIBLE
Abstract: We report here a new record of the giant caviomorph Phoberomys corresponding to a fragmentary mandible from the Monte Salvado area, Peruvian Amazonia (Madre de Dios Department). We describe this specimen and compare it with the material previously attributed to Phoberomys. The mandibular fragment is referred to as Phoberomys sp. Found as float on a bank of the Río Las Piedras, it has been hypothetically assigned a late Miocene age, due to the local/regional stratigraphic and lithologic context. This specimen constitutes the second record of Phoberomys in Peru. For the first time, the pattern of p4s and lower molars in Phoberomys was analyzed and compared to a large taxonomic sample (including Paleogene–Recent chinchilloids and other caviomorphs) in order to progress the understanding of the homology of dental structures in this genus. For p4s and lower molars, the position of the protoconid in Phoberomys and other chinchilloids (Drytomomys sp., Potamarchus, Eumegamys, Gyriabrus, Isostylomys, and Tetrastylus) is ambiguous, and as a result we propose two alternative homology hypotheses for these taxa: protoconid within the first and second laminae or within the third lamina on juvenile specimens. The knowledge of a comprehensive ontogenetic sequence in extinct and extant chinchilloids, associated with more complete palaeontological records, would likely allow for a clarification of these homology ambiguities. Fil: Boivin, Myriam. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas; Argentina. Universite de Nantes; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Antoine, Pierre Olivier. Université Montpellier II; Francia Fil: Benites Palomino, Aldo. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Perú Fil: Marivaux, Laurent. Université Montpellier II; Francia Fil: Salas Gismondi, Rodolfo. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Perú
Published: 2019

48. Unexpected fish diversity gradients in the Amazon basin

Author: Oberdorff, Thierry, Dias, Murilo S., Jézéquel, Céline, Albert, James S., Arantes, Caroline C., Bigorne, Rémy, Carvajal-Valleros, Fernando M., De Wever, Aaike, Frederico, R. G., Hidalgo, Max, Hugueny, Bernard, Leprieur, Fabien, Maldonado, Mabel, Maldonado-Ocampo, Javier, Martens, Koen, Ortega, Hernan, Sarmiento, Jaime, Tedesco, Pablo A., Torrente-Vilara, Gislene, Winemiller, Kirk O., Zuanon, Jansen, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, Museo de Historia Natural ‘‘Alcide d'Orbigny’’ [Cochabamba, Bolivia] (MHNC), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG), Universidad Mayor de San Simón [Cochabamba, Bolivie] (UMSS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Texas A&M University [Galveston], Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: Climate, river, fragmentation, CONVERGENCE, Research Articles, biodiversity, CLIMATE-CHANGE, Ecology, Fishes, food and beverages, SciAdv r-articles, respiratory system, communities, Habitat, climate-change, Catchments, DIVERSIFICATION, FRAGMENTATION, geographic locations, Drainage Networks, Human, Research Article, Conservation of Natural Resources, diversification, Climate Change, Environment, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Rivers, Species Specificity, parasitic diseases, RIVER, Animals, patterns, SPECIATION, biogeography, Amazon Basin, Climatic Conditions, convergence, Subbasins, Amazon River, Species Diversity, Eastern Basins, Miocene, South America, Fish, speciation, Earth and Environmental Sciences, PATTERNS, BIODIVERSITY, Species Richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Prediction, COMMUNITIES, human activities, BIOGEOGRAPHY
Abstract: Atypical fish diversity gradients suggest a recent formation of the Amazon system such as we know it today., Using the most comprehensive fish occurrence database, we evaluated the importance of ecological and historical drivers in diversity patterns of subdrainage basins across the Amazon system. Linear models reveal the influence of climatic conditions, habitat size and sub-basin isolation on species diversity. Unexpectedly, the species richness model also highlighted a negative upriver-downriver gradient, contrary to predictions of increasing richness at more downriver locations along fluvial gradients. This reverse gradient may be linked to the history of the Amazon drainage network, which, after isolation as western and eastern basins throughout the Miocene, only began flowing eastward 1–9 million years (Ma) ago. Our results suggest that the main center of fish diversity was located westward, with fish dispersal progressing eastward after the basins were united and the Amazon River assumed its modern course toward the Atlantic. This dispersal process seems not yet achieved, suggesting a recent formation of the current Amazon system.
Published: 2019

49. Renewed diversification following Miocene landscape turnover in a Neotropical butterfly radiation

Author: Nicolas Chazot, Marianne Elias, James Mallet, Keith R. Willmott, André V. L. Freitas, Gerardo Lamas, Donna Lisa De‐Silva, Carlos Arias, Florence Piron-Prunier, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg (GU), Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Harvard University [Cambridge], ANR-16-CE02-0012,CLEARWING,La transparence : origine physique, fonctions adaptatives et évolution chez les papillons transparents(2016), and ANR-14-CE02-0011,SPECREP,Répétabilité du processus de spéciation chez les papillons: replications naturelles dans une zone de suture(2014)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Neotropics, diversification, Biogeography, Biodiversity, Wetland, Andes, Diversification (marketing strategy), phylogeny, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Clade, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, biogeography, 030304 developmental biology, Western-Andean Portal, 0303 health sciences, Global and Planetary Change, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, butterflies, Amazon rainforest, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Demise, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Ithomiini, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Geography, Habitat, Butterfly, Spatial ecology, Biological dispersal, Pebas system
Abstract: “This preprint has been reviewed and recommended by Peer Community In Evolutionary Biology (http://dx.doi.org/10.24072/pci.evolbiol.100032)”The Neotropical region has experienced a dynamic landscape evolution throughout the Miocene, with the large wetland Pebas occupying western Amazonia until 11-8 my ago and continuous uplift of the Andes mountains along the western edge of South America. Although the complex dynamics between the Andes and Amazonia may have strongly affected the trajectory of Neotropical biodiversity, there is little evidence for such an influence from time-calibrated phylogenies of groups that diversified during this period. Here, we generate one of the most comprehensive time-calibrated molecular phylogenies of a group of Neotropical insects: the butterfly tribe Ithomiini. Our tree includes 340 species (87% of extant species), spanning 26 million years of diversification in the Neotropics. We investigate temporal and spatial patterns of diversification, focusing on the influence of Miocene landscape tranformations on the dynamics of speciation, extinction and biotic interchanges at the Amazonia/Andes interface. We find that Ithomiini likely began diversifying at the interface between the Andes and the Amazonia around 26.4 my ago. Five subtribes with a very low extant diversity started diversifying early in western Amazonia, but a rapid decrease in diversification rate due to increased extinction rate between 20 and 10 my ago suggests a negative impact of the Pebas wetland system on these early lineages. By contrast, the clade containing the five most species-rich subtribes (85% of extant species) was characterized by a high, positive net diversification rate. This clade diversified exclusively in the Central Andes from 20 to 10 my ago. After the demise of the Pebas system (11-8 my ago), we found a sudden increase of interchanges with the Northern Andes and Amazonia, followed by local diversification, which led to a substantial renewal of diversification. In general, ecological turnovers throughout the Miocene strongly determined the dynamics of speciation, and extinction and interchanges, and appear as a key driving force shaping the region’s current extraordinary biodiversity.
Published: 2019

50. An Amphibious Whale from the Middle Eocene of Peru Reveals Early South Pacific Dispersal of Quadrupedal Cetaceans

Author: Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Christian de Muizon, Mario Urbina, Etienne Steurbaut, Giovanni Bianucci, Olivier Lambert, Claudio Di Celma, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Università degli Studi di Camerino (UNICAM), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Tail, 0301 basic medicine, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.03 [https], Biogeography, Postcrania, Protocetidae, Cetacea, Walking, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Paleontology, 0302 clinical medicine, Quadrupedalism, middle Eocene, biology.animal, Peru, Animals, amphibious dispersal, biogeography, locomotion, New World, quadrupedal, 14. Life underwater, Southern Hemisphere, Phylogeny, Swimming, biology, Fossils, Whale, Whales, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.04 [https], biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, 030104 developmental biology, Biological dispersal, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Cetaceans originated in south Asia more than 50 million years ago (mya), from a small quadrupedal artiodactyl ancestor [1, 2, 3]. Amphibious whales gradually dispersed westward along North Africa and arrived in North America before 41.2 mya [4]. However, fossil evidence on when, through which pathway, and under which locomotion abilities these early whales reached the New World is fragmentary and contentious [5, 6, 7]. Peregocetus pacificus gen. et sp. nov. is a new protocetid cetacean discovered in middle Eocene (42.6 mya) marine deposits of coastal Peru, which constitutes the first indisputable quadrupedal whale record from the Pacific Ocean and the Southern Hemisphere. Preserving the mandibles and most of the postcranial skeleton, this unique four-limbed whale bore caudal vertebrae with bifurcated and anteroposteriorly expanded transverse processes, like those of beavers and otters, suggesting a significant contribution of the tail during swimming. The fore- and hind-limb proportions roughly similar to geologically older quadrupedal whales from India and Pakistan, the pelvis being firmly attached to the sacrum, an insertion fossa for the round ligament on the femur, and the retention of small hooves with a flat anteroventral tip at fingers and toes indicate that Peregocetus was still capable of standing and even walking on land. This new record from the southeastern Pacific demonstrates that early quadrupedal whales crossed the South Atlantic and nearly attained a circum-equatorial distribution with a combination of terrestrial and aquatic locomotion abilities less than 10 million years after their origin and probably before a northward dispersal toward higher North American latitudes
Published: 2019

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