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This is the first article in a series examining how the Bush Administration's war on terror has transformed politics, reshuffled alliances and altered the dynamics of local conflicts around the world. Eight days after September 11, 2001, Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, like a pilot fish astride a whale shark, became the first Asian leader to endorse the Bush Administration's global war on terrorism. By doing so, she internationalized her country's two internal conflicts, facilitated the revival of US proprietary aims on the archipelago and opened what was then termed the second front in the war. Since February 2002, US troops have been deployed on the islands for a series of joint exercises with the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), apparently in violation of the Philippine Constitution, which prohibits the presence of foreign troops in the country. Arroyo's enthusiastic support for Bush's war, while embarrassing to nationalists, is unsurprising. Philippine leaders have traditionally used the country's strategic location in Southeast Asia to extract economic and military aid from the United States, which has always viewed the Philippines as crucial to maintaining its regional and global hegemony. Maintaining this cozy, neocolonial vassalage has virtually guaranteed US interference in Philippine affairs. What have been the effects of war on terrorism in the Philippines? Rather than improve the lives of those directly affected, it has made them worse. Playing the subaltern in the war on terrorism has also enabled the Philippine military to push its own agenda to the forefront.

Focuses on the United States strategy in Iraq and the war on terrorism, in light of the second anniversary of September 11, 2001. Effort of U.S. President George W. Bush to direct a peaceful settlement between Palestinians and Israelis in the Middle East; U.S. foreign policy in promoting democracy in Iraq; The continuing issue of suicide bombings; Discussion of how the Bush administration will try to internationalize Iraq's reconstruction; Role of the United Nations in securing troops from India, Pakistan and Turkey; Nature of the political control over the reconstruction project; Outlook for contribution of money and troops from France and Germany.

Focuses on the various challenges facing the United Nations campaign to rebuild Kosovo and the Balkans. Difficulty of relocating the Kosovar refugees back to Kosovo after the Serbian forces have completely pulled out; Possibility that the Kosovo elite will decide not to return; Ambiguity of Russia's role in the peacekeeping operation; Pockets of Serbian resistance likely to remain in Kosovo; Difficulty of gathering physical evidence of war crimes to formally try Yugoslavian President Slobodan Milosevic. INSETS: There's no love in the ruins, by Alex Todorovic;The bill of particulars against Milosevic, by K.W..

The article offers information on the Korean War and mentions the1953 armistice that halted the Korean War. Topics discussed include intelligence organizations and South Korea's involvement in Vietnam, Commanding U.N. forces in South Korea and American soldiers who were killed, and the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ).

The article discusses the situation in Somalia which is facing destabilization on account of the occurrence of civil war. Topics discussed include invasion of Ethiopia in 1977 by former Somali president Siad Barre, failure of crops in the country during 1992 and the constituents of the United Nations (UN) forces deployed there. It describes the scenario of Task Force Ranger deployment in the country.

States that the Western Alliance, led by President Bill Clinton, has given the Serbs ten days to pull back or face airstrikes. Reaction to the market massacre in Sarajevo; The new shape of a serious policy toward Bosnia; How dissension was overcome in last week's NATO meeting that produced the declaration against the Serbs.

Presents a speech by the US Permanent Representative to the United Nations (UN) dealing with the issue of the United States' peacekeeping forces in the UN given before the Council on Foreign Relations in Washington D.C. on January 26, 1995. Forward-looking vision of American leadership at the UN; Strategies of President Bill Clinton's administration to improve and reform UN peacekeeping.

Focuses on President Bill Clinton's commitment to send 20,000 American troops to Bosnia. Domestic consensus for military action abroad which is hard to come by; Developments that must take place in 1996 in order for peace to take root; Military tasks; Balance of power; Civilian tasks. INSET: A legacy of American intervention, Tim Zimmermann.

Examines how the United States forces who arrived in Haiti in 1994 will hand over control of the rescue mission to the United Nations in March 1995. Experiences of Sgt. 1st Class Eric Main, Col. Mark Boyatt, Capt. Jonathan Carroll and others; Deplorable conditions in Haiti; Safety and security which the US military gave to the Haitian people.

Reveals the ongoing carnage and human misery that is taking place in the eastern Bosnian zone that had been declared a `safe area' in 1993. The taking of Srebenica; The impotence of the United Nations (UN) and NATO to limit Serb brutality; Discussion of options; UN policy based on declarations instead of action. INSETS: U.N. safe areas: The outlook;The Pentagon's contingency plan, by Mark Thompson.

On June 26, the United Nations (UN) celebrates its twentieth anniversary. In more ways than one Vietnam is today's Spain. It is a proving ground for the world's, foremost military power, with far more force at its disposal than all the Axis powers combined could boast in 1938. A large section of mankind is divided into two hostile groups. The UN machinery has worked when there was a general will to make it work, as in Cyprus and the Sinai Peninsula. Nowhere have its failures been total, not even in the Congo. But it cannot do the impossible, and in this respect Americans have a special responsibility.

The article features Chinese communist leader Mao Tse-tung and describes the capabilities of his Army in Korea. The leader is considered as the most successful warlord in China since Kublai Khan. The military power of the Chinese Red army is cited as the special creation and the pride and joy of Mao Tse-tung. One advantage of his army over the United Nations forces is its number.

The article presents news related to world politics. The United Nations forces in Korea seemed certain to face further withdrawals under the pressure of the numerically superior and hard-fighting North Koreans. The main features of the U.S. President Harry S. Truman's Midyear Economic Report are discussed. The American economy is so highly productive that it can easily provide the goods for any war, big or little, Second, American civilians are already snapping up the goods produced so quickly that even the Korean war cannot be fought without diminishing their present rate of consumption.

The article offers information on the 21st century Multi-Domain Battle concept by the U.S. armed forces, which consist of joint force including the Army and Marine Corps. It also discusses the 20th century joint-combine armed concept AirLand Battle designed by the U.S. military, to counter the Soviet threat in Western Europe.

Comments on the eagerness of young US Army soldiers to serve in Bosnia and predicts that their views will change as incidents occur there. The author's memories of war as a teenage recruit; Description of Bosnian terrain, weather and the enemy; Challenges the troops will face in Bosnia.

Discusses the world's last divided city, Nicosia, Cyprus in the Mediterranean region. The Green Line being the city's designation to separate the United Nations-patrolled zone; The island having ethnic fighting between the Greeks in the South and the Turks in the North; The expectation by both sides for a resolution in 1998; The effects of politics of a permanently split Cyprus on NATO, Europe, and the United States; Details of the conflict.

Describes the situation in Sarajevo, Bosnia as of August 7, 1995. Information on Serb population in Bosnia; Influx of refugees to Sarajevo after Serbian forces succeeded in capturing Srebrenica from Bosnia; Failure of the policy adopted by Europe and the U.S. in Bosnia; Reaction of Croatia to the policy of the U.S. and Europe; Impact of the arms embargo imposed by the U.S. and Europe on Bosnia on the country's ability to fend off Serbian aggression; Humanitarian crisis in Bosnia; Efforts of the United Nations peacekeeping forces and humanitarian groups to help the affected population in Bosnia.

Deliberates on the policies that the U.S. should undertake following the terrorists' attacks on its marines in Beirut, Lebanon. Bomb explosion in Beirut that killed more than two hundred U.S. Marines staying there as a peacekeeping force; Denial of different theories justifying the American presence in Lebanon as a peacekeeping force; Failure of the U.S. administration to articulate its real mission to provide military, political, and economic support for the Beirut government to ensure that it is not overthrown by Syria or its surrogates; Opinion that the U.S. should actively support the Lebanese government; Opposition of the proposal that U.S. should withdraw from Lebanon in favor of U.N. troops; Ways in which U.S. can support Lebanese government both militarily and diplomatically; Importance of Israel as a possible counterweight to Syrian interest in Beirut.

Discusses how Gorazde is a microcosm of the war in Bosnia. How it has become the place where the West finally decided to draw the line against Serbian aggression; Details of ultimatum decided upon at a 16-nation crisis meeting in London; How the ultimate success of the plan will be judged; The issue of allied unity; Factors that are likely to work against the London ultimatum.

Questions whether the West can stop the Bosnian war. Events which touched off the worst crisis yet faced by the international community in its fast-faltering efforts to restore peace in the troubled Balkans; Largely symbolic air raids which have failed to check the Serbian offensive; Looming humanitarian crisis; Divisions within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); Worsening East-West relations.

Reports that President Bill Clinton moved with unusual speed to rally an uneasy North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) alliance behind a French proposal to threaten airstrikes against the Serbs besieging Sarajevo and to inject American diplomacy into the stalled peace negotiations in Geneva. What allied airstrikes cannot accomplish; Difficulty in finding the right balance of diplomacy and military power; What is at stake; More.

Looks at some of the problems facing the United Nations (UN) in its 50th year and focuses on the bloat and inefficiency of the budget. Questionable activities of some UN officials who charged the UN for certain services; The organization's success in feeding and sheltering refugees; How much the UN spent per day in Somalia; Comments about bureaucratic dead weight; Attempts at reform.

Presents the news of the nation for the week of July 30 - August 5, 1995. Overwhelming vote of the House to end American participation in the United Nations (UN) arms embargo against Bosnia; Approval by the House of a pared-back social spending bill; How the House hearings on the 1993 federal assault against Branch Davidians compound near Waco ended with few new revelations; More.

Offers brief news items from around the globe for the week of June 4-10, 1995. The rescue of an American F-16 pilot shot down in Bosnia; The release of more United Nations peacekeepers held hostage by Bosnian Serbs; How Colombian police arrested one of the principal leaders of the Cali drug cartel; The visit of Taiwanese President Lee Teng-hui to the United States; How the government of Argentina wants to buy the Falkland Islands; More.

Focuses on actions by the Bosnian Serbs which have angered NATO Secretary-General Willy Claes and others in the international community. The response of the Serbs to heavy NATO bombing raids; The number of United Nations peacekeepers that are being used as hostages by the Serbs; Serb violations of a heavy-weapons exclusion zone; Other actions.

Presents information regarding world events for the week of May 30-June 5, 1993. Guatemalan President Jorge Serrano Elias after seizing power and abolishing nation's Congress and Supreme Court, has become ex-President and expatriate; United Nations Security Council votes to send as many as 10,000 additional troops to Bosnia and use air power to protect them; Nobel prizewinning novelist Alexander Solzhenitsyn's decision to return to Russia; Others.

The article details the start of the cease-fire talks between the Communists and United Nations (UN) forces in Kaesong, Korea, the first major South Korean town to fall to the North Korean invaders. The UN team will be headed by Vice Admiral Charles Turner Joy, and includes three colonels, namely, Lee Soo Ying of the South Korean Army, Andrew Kinney of the U.S. Air Force and James Murray of the U.S. Marine Corp. The members of the Communist delegation include Generals Nam II, Chang Pyong San and Lee Sang Cho.

This article offers news briefs for the week of November 27, 1950. The implementation of the U.S. Defense Production Act, involving Economic Stabilization Director, Alan Valentine, is discussed. The details of a report given by U.S. government official Gordon Gray, about the U.S. giving aid to other countries in the world, is discussed. The experiences of United Nations forces in North Korea are discussed.

The article reports that the U.S. and the U.S. Army Antiaircraft Command is facing strong opposition from several cities over its plan to set up net of Nike guided missile defenses in the country. As stated, the plan is behind schedule now and most of the blame for the delay in its implementation is being put on the public. The Army feels that much of the trouble has been caused by the public misunderstanding of how the Nike system would work.

The Allied invasion of Italy has sounded the alert throughout the Balkans. Under the vigorous leadership of Josip Broz Tito, the Yugoslav Partisan forces of the People's Liberation Army have surged down the Adriatic coast from Gorica to Split and the interior is flaming with revolutionary fervor. When the armies of the United Nations are ready to march through the Balkan gateway, they will find it open and the people ready for military action. The pillars of the satellite system, in fact, are swaying. Bulgaria, the only puppet state which has not declared war on the Soviet Union, will collapse at the first appearance of Allied soldiers at its borders.