2,100 results on '"Treated group"'
Search Results
2. Alzheimer's Dementia After Exposure to Anesthesia and Surgery in the Elderly: A Matched Natural Experiment Using Appendicitis
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Joseph G. Reiter, Bijan A. Niknam, David A. Wolk, Siddharth Jain, Mark D. Neuman, Roderic G. Eckenhoff, Jeffrey H. Silber, Alexander S. Hill, Sean Hashemi, Dylan S. Small, Paul R. Rosenbaum, and Lee A. Fleisher
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Treated group ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Small sample ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Appendicitis ,Medicare ,United States ,Article ,Surgery ,Alzheimer Disease ,Anesthesia ,medicine ,Humans ,Alzheimer s dementia ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Cognitive impairment ,business ,Aged - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine if surgery and anesthesia in the elderly may promote Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). BACKGROUND: There is a substantial conflicting literature concerning the hypothesis that surgery and anesthesia promotes ADRD. Much of the literature is confounded by indications for surgery or has small sample size. This study examines elderly patients with appendicitis, a common condition that strikes mostly at random after controlling for some known associations. METHODS: A matched natural experiment of patients undergoing appendectomy for appendicitis versus control patients without appendicitis using Medicare data from 2002 to 2017, examining 54,996 patients without previous diagnoses of ADRD, cognitive impairment, or neurological degeneration, who developed appendicitis between ages 68 through 77 years and underwent an appendectomy (the “Appendectomy” treated group), matching them 5:1 to 274,980 controls, examining the subsequent hazard for developing ADRD. RESULTS: The hazard ratio (HR) for developing ADRD or death was lower in the Appendectomy group than controls: HR = 0.96 (95% CI 0.94, 0.98), P < 0.0001, (28.2% in Appendectomy versus 29.1% in controls, at 7.5 years). The HR for death was 0.97 (0.95, 0.99), P = 0.002, (22.7% versus 23.1% at 7.5 years). The HR for developing ADRD alone was 0.89 (0.86, 0.92), P < 0.0001, (7.6% in Appendectomy versus 8.6% in controls, at 7.5 years). No subgroup analyses found significantly elevated rates of ADRD in the Appendectomy group. CONCLUSIONS: In this natural experiment involving 329,976 elderly patients, exposure to appendectomy surgery and anesthesia did not increase the subsequent rate of ADRD.
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- 2023
3. Stereological and molecular studies on the effects of Ferula persica extract on wound healing in rats
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Kejiao Jiang, Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh, Lei Huang, Mengting Wang, and Aref Jafari
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Veterinary medicine ,Stereology ,linear incision ,wound healing ,anti‐inflammation ,Ointments ,In vivo ,SF600-1100 ,Animals ,RODENTS ,Medicine ,Rats, Wistar ,circular excision ,Treated group ,General Veterinary ,Traditional medicine ,Plant Extracts ,business.industry ,Ferula persica ,Histology ,Original Articles ,Reference drug ,Ferula ,Rats ,stereology ,Original Article ,business ,Wound healing ,Madecassol - Abstract
Background Ferula persica is one of the most important traditional medicinal plants that is used to treat various diseases such as diabetes, backache and rheumatism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory and wound healing potential of F. persica using stereological and molecular methods in experimental models. Methods In the present study, two wound models (circular excision and linear incision) were used. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 16), including control, vehicle treated, treated with F. persica extract ointment (5% w/w) and treated with the reference drug (Madecassol). All the animals were treated topically once a day. The circular and linear wounds were treated for 9 and 17 days, respectively. At the end of the study, samples from wounds area were harvested for histology, stereology, immunohistochemistry and molecular assessments to determine the in vivo healing potential and anti‐inflammatory activity. Results We observed significant recovery in macroscopic evaluation of wound healing in the F. persica extract treated group compared with the control and vehicle treated groups (p 0.05, p, Stereological and molecular studies on the effects of Ferula persica extract on wound healing in rats.
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- 2022
4. Heterogeneous residential distribution changes and spillover effects by railway projects: The case study of Nagoya, Japan
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Lisha Wang, Takayuki Morikawa, Tomio Miwa, and Meilan Jiang
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Treated group ,Land use ,business.industry ,Aerospace Engineering ,Distribution (economics) ,Transportation ,Land cover ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Treatment and control groups ,Geography ,Spillover effect ,Spatial spillover ,Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ,Economic geography ,business ,Lower income ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
This study aims to measure the causal relationship between three railway projects in different regions of Nagoya city and the residential distribution of different households. Rather than assuming that a railway project has an identical impact on all the neighborhoods in the treated group, this study proposes a heterogeneous difference-in-differences estimator to account for the heterogeneity in the treatment group, which is caused by different land cover characteristics. Specifically, the possible local spatial spillover effects are emphasized. The empirical application results indicate that (1) the northern neighborhoods near the Meijo and Aonami lines are attractive to households with higher income, (2) the southern neighborhoods near the Meijo line are appealing to middle-income households, (3) the low-income and old-single households prefer the southern neighborhoods along the Aonami line, and (4) the couple-with-children and old-couple households with lower income prefer to live around the Sakura-dori line. To conclude, railway-oriented communities, with different land use characteristics, attract different household types. This study’s findings have implications for policymakers, city planners, and scholars.
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- 2021
5. Fabrication of multifunctional chitosan-Guar-Aloe Vera gel to promote wound healing
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Heidar Meftahizadeh, Hossein Eslami, and Mojtaba Ansari
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Dorsum ,Treated group ,Guar gum ,integumentary system ,Traditional medicine ,biology ,General Chemical Engineering ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Guar ,macromolecular substances ,General Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Biochemistry ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Aloe vera ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,Chitosan ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Wound area ,chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Wound healing - Abstract
Burns are one of the most prevalent and harmful types of trauma. Patients with critical thermal harm need immediate specialized care to minimize morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the curing possibility of chitosan/guar gum/Aloe Vera hydrogel on the curing of full-thickness burn wounds in the Wistar albino model. Two full-thickness burn wounds were formed on the dorsum of each rat under general anesthesia. Burn wounds were cured with chitosan gel; chitosan/guar gum hydrogel; chitosan/Aloe Vera hydrogel; chitosan/guar gum/Aloe Vera hydrogel, respectively. Healing was investigated based on the percentage of wound shrinkage, and surface area as well as histopathological and histomorphological observations. A significant decrease in the wound area and the epithelial gap was noticed in all groups, especially the wounds treated with chitosan/guar gum. Maximum angiogenesis was observed in the chitosan/Aloe Vera treated group. Chitosan/guar gum/Aloe Vera treated wounds demonstrated an enhancement in the thickness and integrity of collagen fibers and the highest score among fibroblast cells accumulation. Furthermore, the inflammatory cellular response and hyperemia were significantly higher in the control group when compared with those of other chitosan-based groups. Chitosan/guar gum/Aloe Vera hydrogel has a curing possibility and has presented the best healing result compared to other treatments for the restoration of full-thickness skin burn wounds in rats.
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- 2021
6. Effects of Melatonin on Behavioural Activities in Acetaminophen-induced Autism in Rat
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Hiba A. Al-Sheikh, Luma I. Al-Allaf, and Ghada A.Taqa
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Veterinary medicine ,open field test ,melatonin ,Open field ,Post natal day ,Melatonin ,Internal medicine ,Male rats ,SF600-1100 ,medicine ,autistic-like behaviour ,acetaminophen ,Treated group ,business.industry ,negative geotaxis ,QP501-801 ,medicine.disease ,Animal biochemistry ,Acetaminophen ,Endocrinology ,QL1-991 ,Autism ,Once daily ,business ,Zoology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the effect of acetaminophen in male rats after early postnatal exposure to acetaminophen on several behavioural alterations and its role to precipitate autistic-like behaviour with investigating the ameliorating role of melatonin on these parameters. Thirty healthy Albino male rat pups were used in this study. On a postnatal day 3 (PND3), the rat pups were divided into three groups (10 pups per group). Group1: As a control group, pups injected with normal saline for 7 days subcutaneously then administered with normal saline for 2 weeks orally. Group 2: pups injected acetaminophen subcutaneously in a dose (50mg/kg) once daily for 7 days, then these pups were administrated with normal saline for 2 weeks. Group 3: includes pups that were injected acetaminophen subcutaneously in a dose (50 mg/kg) once daily for 7 days then administrated with melatonin (10 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. Behavioural tests, such as nest seeking, were performed at PND 9; negative geotaxis test was done at "PND 15 and 17", an open field test was done at PND21. The present study demonstrated that acetaminophen exposed rat pups exhibited a significant difference in behavioural tests: nest seeking test showed that the pups of group 2 to approach the maternal bedding was (10.00±1.51) sec which was significantly higher than the time of the control group(4.50±2.19) sec. At PND15, the negative geotaxis test showed a significant increase in time spend to rotate 180° of the pups of group 2 (7.30±2.86) sec when compared with that of the control group (3.50±0.63)sec and melatonin treated group (4.56±0.63) sec. While at PND17, pups showed a significant increase in time spend to rotate 180° in negative geotaxis test in group 2 (7.40±2.90) sec compared with that of the control group (3.12 ±1.33) sec, and that of the melatonin treated group (4.18 ±1.43) sec. Data of open field test showed that pups of group 2 were traveled significantly more total distance (number of squares crossed) (31±8.34) compared to those traveled by pups of control (20±4.08) and melatonin treated groups (22±7.43). Administration of acetaminophen at dose 50 mg/kg from PND 3 to PND10 induces autistic-like behavioural manifested by several alterations in rat pups. These alterations were ameliorated by melatonin administration (10 mg/kg for 2 weeks) after exposure to acetaminophen.
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- 2021
7. The effect of Chronic Administration of Ampicillin/Sulbactum on rat Developing Enamel
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Nuha Abdul Fattah Abdullah Baraka, Dahlia Ghazy Mohamed Rateb, and ِِِAmr Fatouh
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Molar ,Treated group ,Enamel paint ,business.industry ,Offspring ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Intraperitoneal injection ,Sulbactam ,Mandibular first molar ,Andrology ,stomatognathic diseases ,stomatognathic system ,visual_art ,Ampicillin ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of Ampicillin/Sulbactum on enamel development of Albino rats’ mandibular first molar. Materials & Methods: Eight pregnant female Albino rats were equally divided into two groups: control and treated group. The treated group received intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg BW of Ampicillin/Sulbactum once daily for nine days till delivery. This was followed by injection of the offspring for additional 11 days. Treated offsprings (n=7) were sacrificed at 12 day of birth and H&E stained sections of the mandibular first molar tooth germ were examined. The other half of the treated pups was sacrificed at 28 days of birth, their mandibular first molars were examined by quantitative computerized tomography (QCT), scanning electron microscope (SEM) & ground section then statistical analysis was performed for enamel measurements of H&E, ground sections and QCT Results: Examination of H&E stained sections of the Ampicillin/Sulbactam treated subgroup at 12 days revealed an apparent reduction in enamel matrix thickness which was statistically insignificant compared with control subgroup. QCT showed a significant decrease in enamel density of the treated subgroup compared with untreated subgroup at 28 days. SEM observation showed enamel surface irregularities, pores and fissures. An insignificant reduction in enamel thickness was revealed by statistical analysis of the ground sections under light microscope. Conculsion: Within the limitations of this study, chronic administration of Ampicillin/Sulbactam adversely affected the development of enamel in rat’s offspring.
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- 2021
8. The Effect of Immune Max in the Liver, Kidney and Spleen Histological Structure in Male Albino Mice
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Mohammed Abed Jawad, Saif Yaseen Hasan, and Abed J Kadhim
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Treated group ,Kidney ,business.industry ,Dietary supplement ,Physiology ,Male mice ,Spleen ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immune system ,medicine ,business ,Infiltration (medical) ,Histological examination - Abstract
Background: This study aimed to identify the effect of using the Immune Max dietary supplement on the histological composition of some organs in male albino mice. Methods: The study was conducted on the Swiss albino male mice which were divided into two groups: treated group with 0.162 mg/kg/ day of Immune Max and second group as a control. Results: Histological examination was conducted for liver, kidney and spleen. The results showed some histological changes in these organs like loses of tissues, congestion, leukocytes infiltration and dead cells. Conclusion: The purpose of a conclusion that the use of the Immune Max nutritional supplement can cause damage to the tissues of a number of organs and this is likely to be due to the dose concentration and the duration of the treatment. How to cite this article:Jawad MA, Kadhim AJ, Hasan SY. The Effect of Immune Max in the Liver, Kidney and Spleen Histological Structure in Male Albino Mice. J Commun Dis. 2021;53(3):186-189. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202156
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- 2021
9. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Vatavidhvamsana rasa, An Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation
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Swapnil Y Chaudhari, Mahesh S, Patgiri B J, and Mukesh B Nariya
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Treated group ,Protein catabolism ,business.industry ,medicine.drug_class ,Granulocytic cells ,Analgesic ,medicine ,Inflammation ,Pharmacology ,medicine.symptom ,Radiant heat ,business ,Anti-inflammatory - Abstract
Background: Inflammation is a complex process mainly comprises of three phases namely acute, sub-acute and chronic. In acute inflammatory conditions fluid and granulocytic cells accumulate at the site of injury because of the changes in small blood vessels. This response often activates systemic response such as leucocytosis, protein catabolism, fever and synthesis of C-reactive protein, an acute-phase protein In Ayurvedic texts, several herbo-mineral preparations to fight against inflammation have been found; among them, Vatavidhvamsana Rasa (VVR) is one, which is said to be remarkable in inflammation condition. Aim and Objectives: To assess the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of VVR in pharmacologically validated models. Materials and methods: Wistar strain albino rats weighing 200 ± 20 of either sex were used in the study. VVR was administered at a dose of 22.5 mg/kg for the rat. Results: Vatavidhvamsana Rasa (VVR) showed a significant decrease in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema after 1-hour interval in comparison to the control group (P
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- 2021
10. Hydroxyprogesterone caproate for preterm birth: A situational analysis from the Indian perspective
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Chaitanya Mittal, Shoban Babu Varthya, T. Y. Sree Sudha, Prakash Srinivasan Timiri Shanmugam, and Pugazhenthan Thangaraju
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Treated group ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Patient data ,Placebo ,Clinical trial ,Safety profile ,Hydroxyprogesterone ,Medicine ,business ,Hydroxyprogesterone caproate ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Preterm birth can cause morbidity and mortality in addition to trauma or loss to the mother, and present a major financial burden to the family. This risk may be minimized by timely intervention. Objective To understand the safety and efficacy of hydroxyprogesterone in decreasing the incidence of preterm birth, neonatal complications, and maternal mortality, based on evidence obtained from the Indian scientific literature. Methods Relevant articles were searched for and retrieved from the databases PubMed, medrXiv, Embase, Cochrane, biorXiv, and arXiv. Results A total of 62 relevant articles were assessed, and of these, 59 articles did not meet the eligibility criteria. In total, 3 articles which satisfied the criteria and 2 articles sourced from cross references were included in the study. Across these 5 articles, a total of 536 patients received hydroxyprogesterone caproate or placebo for preterm birth. Conclusion In all five articles, recurrence rate of preterm birth was reduced in the treated group compared to control group. The safety profile of progesterone tends to be better than that of the placebo. The findings of our analysis of individual patient data (IPD) summarizes various clinical trial data, which can assure clinicians that vaginal progesterone administration is effective and well tolerated.
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- 2021
11. Tentativa para melhorar a disfunção da glândula tireoide em ratos usando um extrato de organismo marinho
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D S Foda and S G Shams
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Aquatic Organisms ,medicine.medical_specialty ,QH301-705.5 ,Science ,Thyrotropin ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Environmental stress ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,fluoreto ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Arca noae extract ,Biology (General) ,extrato de Arca noae ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Treated group ,fluoride ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Thyroid ,Botany ,Albumin ,Arca noae ,biology.organism_classification ,Thyroid Diseases ,Hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis ,Rats ,Thyroxine ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,QL1-991 ,chemistry ,QK1-989 ,eixo HPT ,Female ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Lipid profile ,Zoology ,Fluoride ,HPT axis - Abstract
Understanding the relation between the environmental stress factors and the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis efficiency can reduce the susceptibility to thyroid diseases. In our study, thyroid dysfunction was induced in female rats by administration of 40 mg Na F/kg.bd.wt/day for a month. Co-administration of the water extract of Arca noae (300 mg/kg. bw) was tested as a treatment for Na F induced thyroid dysfunction. A group of rats injected Arca noae extract only (300 mg/kg.bd.wt) was performed to observe the impact of the extract on the (HPT) axis in addition to the normal control group. Results showed that there was a significant decrease in serum triglycerides, total protein and albumin levels in the fluoride supplemented group in addition to abnormal levels of TSH, (T4) and (T3) compared to the control group. In the treated group there was an improvement in the proteins level and lipid profile but pseudo-corrected serum (T4) and (T3) levels were observed in addition to a continuous increase in TSH level. Histological findings confirmed the harmful effect of fluoride on both the non treated and the treated groups. Consequently, fluoride supplementation must be considered as a harmful stress that may affect permanently the HPT axis. Resumo Compreender a relação entre os fatores de estresse ambiental e o eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-tireoide (HPT) pode reduzir a suscetibilidade a doenças da tireoide. Em nosso estudo, a disfunção tireoidiana foi induzida em ratos fêmeas pela administração de 40 mg Na F/kg.bw/dia durante um mês. A administração concomitante do extrato aquoso de Arca noae (300 mg/kg.Pc) foi testada como tratamento para a disfunção tireoidiana induzida por Na F. Um grupo de ratos injetados apenas com extrato de Arca noae (300 mg/kg. Pc) foi pré-formado com o intuito de observar o impacto do extrato no eixo (HPT), além do grupo controle normal. Os resultados mostraram que houve uma diminuição significativa nos níveis séricos de triglicerídeos, proteína total e albumina no grupo suplementado com fluoreto, além de níveis anormais de TSH, (T4) e (T3) em comparação ao grupo controle. No grupo tratado, houve uma melhora no nível de proteínas e perfil lipídico. Os níveis séricos pseudocorrigidos (T4) e (T3) foram observados, além de um aumento contínuo no nível de TSH. Os achados histológicos confirmaram o efeito prejudicial do flúor nos grupos não tratado e tratado. Consequentemente, a suplementação de flúor é considerada um estresse prejudicial que pode afetar permanentemente o eixo HPT.
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- 2021
12. Bisphosphonates after denosumab withdrawal reduce the vertebral fractures incidence
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Elisa Cairoli, Serena Palmieri, Iacopo Chiodini, Giorgia Grassi, Cristina Eller-Vainicher, and Maura Arosio
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,FRAX ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Urology ,Zoledronic Acid ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Treated group ,Alendronate ,Bone Density Conservation Agents ,Diphosphonates ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,Bisphosphonate ,Surgery ,Discontinuation ,Denosumab ,Spinal Fractures ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objective Several studies showed the occurrence of vertebral fracture (VFx) in patients discontinuing denosumab (Dmab), suggesting the need of bisphosphonate (BPs) therapy to mitigate this VFx risk increase. However, the morphometric VFx (morphoVFx) incidence after Dmab discontinuation and the BPs effect on VFx risk in this setting are still a matter of debate. Design Retrospective, monocentric study. Methods In 120 patients (111 females) discontinuing Dmab, 19 have not been treated (non-treated group: 16 females, aged 63.5 ± 15.0 years) and 101 patients have been treated (treated group: 95 females, aged 70.0 ± 10.6 years) with BPs (28 alendronate (ALN); 73 zoledronate ZOL), single infusion), respectively. We evaluated the incidence of both clinical VFx and morphoVFx in treated group and non-treated group. Results Patients in treated group showed a 5.5% VFx incidence (n = 6, three clinical, three morpho VFx), which was anyway lower than non-treated group patients (n = 4, 21.1%, four clinical, three multiple, P = 0.029), despite a comparable FRAX score at the time of Dmab initiation. The logistic regression analysis showed that the VFx incidence was independently associated with the lack of BPs treatment (odds ratio: 13.9, 95% CI 1.7–111.1, P = 0.014), but not with the number of Dmab injections, age, duration of BPs before Dmab initiation, the BMD at Dmab withdrawal, and the prevalence of VFx at Dmab withdrawal. Conclusions The Dmab withdrawal is associated with an increased risk of clinical but not morphometric VFx. Therapy with ALN or with a single ZOL treatment is partially effective in reducing the increased VFx risk after Dmab withdrawal.
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- 2021
13. The effects of Solliquin administration on the activity and fecal cortisol production of shelter dogs
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Carlo Siracusa, Robert J. Norgard, Tabitha Stillo, Darko Stefanovski, Brittany Watson, and Chelsea L. Reinhard
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Activity tracking ,Treated group ,General Veterinary ,040301 veterinary sciences ,business.industry ,Stressor ,0402 animal and dairy science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,040201 dairy & animal science ,0403 veterinary science ,Distress ,Environmental health ,Medicine ,business ,Feces - Abstract
Animal shelters are often associated with high levels of stressors that can compromise welfare. Mitigating stressors or the associated distress is a priority for shelters. Given restricted time and financial resources it's important that shelters use evidence-based interventions. This study evaluated the efficacy of Solliquin (Nutramax Laboratories Veterinary Science, Inc., Lancaster, SC, USA), a behavioral nutraceutical, to mitigate stress responses of dogs entering a shelter. Stress responses were quantified using fecal cortisol and activity tracking with triaxial accelerometers. For all the conditions analyzed, the Solliquin treated group had an increase in only the light rest category (P = 0.050) compared to control dogs. There were no effects on other parameters measured including deep rest.
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- 2021
14. Anticancer properties of vincristine is modulated by microRNAs in acute lymphoblastic leukemia Nalm6 cell line
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Asma Vafadar, Majid Keshavarzi, Negar Firouzabadi, and Elham Shirazi-Tehrani
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Cancer Research ,Vincristine ,Cell Survival ,Lymphoblastic Leukemia ,Down-Regulation ,Disease ,law.invention ,Downregulation and upregulation ,law ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ,microRNA ,Humans ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Pharmacology ,Treated group ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ,MicroRNAs ,Oncology ,Cell culture ,Cancer research ,Suppressor ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), a highly diverse disease, is the most widespread pediatric malignancy characterized by cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities such as altered microRNA (miR) expression signatures. MiRs are a class of short noncoding RNAs. Dysregulation in the expression of miRs plays a crucial role in different types of cancers. Vincristine is an antineoplastic drug with a broad spectrum of activity against different hematologic malignancies and is the first-line treatment for B-ALL. Previous studies have proposed miR-17 and miR-181/b as oncomirs and miR-34/a as a tumor suppressor in Nalm6 cells, thus in the current study, we investigated the effects of vincristine treatment on the expression of miR-17, miR-34/a and miR-181/b expression levels. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay was conducted to estimate the optimal concentration of vincristine in the Nalm-6 cell line. Expression of miRs was calculated using real-time PCR. Our results showed significant downregulation of miR-17 (FC = 0.226; P < 0.0004) in Nalm6 cells after vincristine treatment. Conversely, miR-34/a (FC = 4.823; P < 0.0001) was significantly upregulated. Also, the expression of miR-181/b (FC = 0.156; P < 0.3465) was not significantly different between the vincristine treated group and the control group. In conclusion, it is proposed that one of the mechanisms by which vincristine improves B-ALL is by modulating the expression of specific miRs. These specific miRs will serve as good diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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- 2021
15. Antiparasitic efficacy of dietary administration of trichlorfon (Masoten®) in the control of Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae (Neochinorhynchidae) in Colossoma macropomum (Serrasalmidae)
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Christiane Patrícia Feitosa Oliveira, Sanny Maria de Andrade-Porto, Claudinei Cruz, Rebeca Guimarães Oliveira, Yasmin Luzeiro Batista, Elizabeth Gusmão Affonso, Marcos Tavares-Dias, Felipe M. A. da Silva, and Liliane de Araújo Castro
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Treated group ,biology ,Antiparasitic ,medicine.drug_class ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Serrasalmidae ,Animal science ,Toxicity ,medicine ,Palatability ,Alanine aminotransferase ,Blood parameters ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Volume concentration - Abstract
This study investigated the efficacy of trichlorfon against Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae, as well as its palatability, residue analysis, and the blood parameters of Colossoma macropomum. At the beginning of the experiment, all previously examined fish were infected with N. buttnerae. There were no differences in mean intensity and mean abundance of N. buttnerae within each treated group and the control group; however, efficacy of 53.4% was found in fish fed with diets containing 1.0 g kg−1 of trichlorfon. Treated fish presented an increase in plasma glucose, while fish fed with diets containing 0.75 and 1.0 g kg−1 of trichlorfon presented an increase in plasma alanine aminotransferase levels. In the higher of the two concentrations, an increase in plasma aspartate aminotransferase levels also occurred. After 96 h, trichlorfon residues were found in the muscle of fish fed with diets containing 0.75 and 1.0 g kg−1 of trichlorfon. No mortality of fish was observed; however, since adverse reactions occurred, and due to palatability problems associated with treatments, 1.0 g kg−1 of trichlorfon could be used for 15 days to control infections by N. buttnerae, though, due to the risk of toxicity, this treatment is not recommended for regular use. As such, precautions should be taken even when using low concentrations of trichlorfon for treatments against this acanthocephalan, as well as in relation to the period of elimination of the trichlorfon residues from fish muscle in order to guarantee safe consumption.
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- 2021
16. Madhuca longifolia Embedded Silver Nanoparticles Attenuate Diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-Induced Renal Cancer via Regulating Oxidative Stress
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Vikas Kumar, Ekta Yadav, Amita Verma, and Deepika Singh
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Silver ,Dose dependence ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Madhuca longifolia ,02 engineering and technology ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease_cause ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,Silver nanoparticle ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Renal cell carcinoma ,medicine ,Animals ,Diethylnitrosamine ,Rats, Wistar ,Treated group ,biology ,Plant Extracts ,Chemistry ,Cancer ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Kidney Neoplasms ,Rats ,Oxidative Stress ,Chemoprotective ,Madhuca ,0210 nano-technology ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Objective: Madhuca longifolia has been used for the treatment of renal cancer. Therefore, the current study describes the protective effects of biofabricated silver nanoparticles (MLAgNPs) using Madhuca longifolia aqueous leaves extract against diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in rats. Methods: Animals were categorized into five groups and treated with doses of silver nanoparticles for 16 weeks. Antineoplastic effect in renal cancer was dose dependent to control the macroscopical variations when compared to DEN induced group. Significant changes were observed in biochemical parameters and dose graded improvement in the level of antioxidants parameters were accountable for its protective nature. Result: Silver nanoparticles in dose dependent manner was effective to modify the raised levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators during renal cancer. Alteration in renal histopathology were also detected in the silver nanoparticles treated group, which show its safety concern. Biofabricated silver nanoparticles (MLAgNPs) using Madhuca longifolia can convey significant chemo-protective effect against renal cancer by suppressing the IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Conclusion: Our outcomes implicates that biofabricated MLAgNPs exhibited a chemoprotective potential in the prevention and intervention of RCC.
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- 2021
17. Paediatric pelvic injuries: a retrospective epidemiological study from four level 1 trauma centers
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Martin Salášek, Jan Hendrych, Valér Džupa, T Pavelka, Vojtěch Havlas, Andrej Stancak, T. Pešl, and P. Havránek
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Pediatric ,Multicentric study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Treated group ,Epidemiology ,business.industry ,Pelvic ring ,Surgery ,Pelvic trauma ,Exact test ,Fracture ,Orthopedic surgery ,medicine ,Etiology ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,business ,Complication - Abstract
Epidemiologic evaluation of pelvic ring injuries in children. Methods Retrospective analysis over a period of 13 years, excluding pathological fractures. AO/OTA type, epidemiological data, type of treatment, and complications were recorded. Data were assessed using Fisher’s exact test and Wilcoxon test. Results 243 boys, 115 girls, mean age (SD) 14.1 ± 3.0 years, AO/OTA types: 281 A, 52 B, 25 C. Multiple trauma: 62, com- bined trauma: 59, mono-trauma: 237. 281 patients were treated non-operatively, 97 surgically. Etiology: traffic accidents 88, falls from a great height 37, crushing injuries four, and sports injuries 192, simple falls 30, others seven. High-energy mechanisms prevailed in types B and C. Low-energy mechanism in type A (p < 0.0001). Similar differences were found between type A (p = 0.0009) and in case type C requiring surgery and cases treated non-operatively (p < 0.0001). Twenty-six patients (7.3%) had complications (pelvic asymmetry 5, neurological deficits 5, non-union 1, ectopic calcification 4, others 7). Higher complication rates were associated with types B and C (p = 0.0015), with surgically treated cases (p < 0.0001) and multiple trauma (p = 0.0305). Discussion Results of this trial were comparable with other studies. Conclusion Sports injuries accounted for most type A injuries, while types B and C tended to be associated with high-energy trauma. Complications were associated with the severity of pelvic trauma, more common in surgically treated group of patients; this is primarily linked to the surgical cases being more serious as well as the associated injuries.
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- 2021
18. ANALYSIS OF MOTOR BEHAVIOR AND NEUROPLASTICITY IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF HEMIPLEGIA TREATED WITH TRANSCRANIAL THERAPY
- Author
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Angela Dubiela, Felipe Figueiredo Moreira, Emerson Carraro, Mário César da Silva Pereira, Patricia Pacheco Tyski Suckow, Eliane Gonçalves de Jesus Fonseca, Ana Carolina Dorigoni Bini, Francisco Cidral, Ivo Ilvan Kerppers, Débora Neuls, Ariele Pedroso, Danilo Barbosa, and Afonso Shiguemi Inoue Salgado
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,Treated group ,Cellular metabolism ,business.industry ,Experimental model ,Cognition ,Motor behavior ,medicine.disease ,Lesion ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Anesthesia ,Neuroplasticity ,Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Stroke ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide; its severity is associated with high death rates and motor, cognitive, and sensory . Several interventions have been proposed in recent years to prevent and primarily treat stroke. LED stands out as one of these interventions; it indicates promising results because it stimulates cellular metabolism, increasing the cellular regenerative potential, and promoting . Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of 630 nm LED in animals submitted to ischemic stroke by analyzing and motor behavior. This was an experimental study with a controlled qualitative and quantitative intervention, with a sample of 30 male Wistar Rattus divided into two groups: a control group and treated group, consisting of 15 animals each. The experimental time points were 3, 7, and 21 days of treatment. All animals were submitted to surgery for the implantation of an electrode and subsequent electrolytic lesion. The quantitative results in the three experimental time points indicate treatment superiority using the 630 nm LED compared to the control group. The findings also showed increased tissue in the treated group at 3, 7, and 21 days of treatment when compared to the control group. Hence, the results suggest that the 630 nm LED guided treatment in the experimental time points of 3, 7, and 21 days was superior to those in the control group, showing animals with increased motor response according to the apprehension test, and improved according to the evaluation.
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- 2021
19. Biochemical and Histopathological Effects on Liver Profile due to Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity of Somina on Rats
- Author
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Aisha Azmat and Muhammad Ahmed
- Subjects
Treated group ,Bilirubin ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Albumin ,Physiology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Oral administration ,Research studies ,medicine ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Alkaline phosphatase ,Oral toxicity ,business ,Saline ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Background: Limited research studies are reported regarding the toxicological effect of different herbal medicine already used in different countries. Objective: This research study was planned to examine the changes in liver (biochemical and histological) associated with oral administration of somina (acute and sub-acute) in rats. Methodology: Group– I served as control (saline), while other groups (II, III) were daily treated with somina at different doses of 0.285g/kg (group – II), 10g/kg/day (group – III), for 14 (set I), 21 (set II), and 30 (set III) consecutive days. Each group contains 12 rats. During the study period, signs and behavioral changes, mortality, were observed. At the end of study period, blood sample was drawn directly from heart, for the estimation of liver enzymes: Bilirubin (BIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum glutamic pyruvic transferase (SGPT), aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT), Albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP). The liver was carefully dichotomized, weighed, and further processed for histopathological analysis. Results: Herbal drug somina was claimed to be practically non-toxic as in rats no mortality was recorded after the oral administration of somina (14, 21 and 30 consecutive days). Liver profile showed non-significant changes in treated group- II and III (P > 0.05), as compared to the control (group- I). The histopathological examination did not reveal any deteriorative effect. Conclusion: It was concluded that oral administration of somina did not produce any significant detrimental effects on rat liver (biochemical and histopathological parameters), even at doses of 10g/kg/day indicating its safe use.
- Published
- 2021
20. Early onset of pre-lethal effects of lotilaner (Credelio®) on Amblyomma americanum ticks on experimentally infested dogs
- Author
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Madeline C. Burke, Vicki Smith, Lauren Miller, Cameron Sutherland, Martha J. Wenger, Livvy Jones, Makaela Hedberg, William G. Ryan, Sydnie Reeves, Debra Ritchie, Casey Locklear, Todd M. Kollasch, Brian H. Herrin, Anthony J. Rumschlag, and Kathryn E Reif
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Veterinary medicine ,030231 tropical medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Biology ,Tick ,medicine.disease_cause ,Canine ,Amblyomma americanum ,Isoxazoline ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Infestation ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,EthoVision XT ,Early onset ,Treated group ,Acaricide ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Credelio ,Parasitology ,Bandage - Abstract
Background The speed with which acaricides paralyze and kill ticks is relevant to impeding pathogen transmission. The objective of this study was to assess early-onset lotilaner effects on the motility and weights of Amblyomma americanum ticks collected from treated dogs. Methods Twelve healthy dogs were randomized between two groups to receive either lotilaner (Credelio®) on Day 0 or to be sham treated. On Day 7, 25 male and 25 female A. americanum were placed under bandages, two on each flank of each dog. After 30 or 45 min, all unattached ticks were removed and T = 0 was set. At T = 2, 4, 8 and 24 h post attachment, 5 attached ticks removed from each bandage on each dog were weighed, assessed by blinded observers for righting ability and movement recorded. Results After the infestation period significantly fewer treated than control dogs had 20 ticks attached (50.0% versus 91.7%, P = 0.0015). At 24 h post attachment, mean weights of ticks from treated dogs (males 1.69 mg; females 2.72) were significantly less than ticks from controls (males 2.66 mg; females 4.67) (Pmale = 0.0002; Pfemale Pmale Pfemale = 0.0021). At 4 and 8 h, significantly fewer ticks from treated (14.3%, 0.0%, respectively) than from control dogs could right (73.3%, 70.0%) (P4h P8h = 0.0024) (at 24 h, all ticks from treated dogs were dead), and distance moved was significantly less at all time points (P2h = 0.0413; P4h, P8h P ≤ 0.0001). Within the treated group, collected ticks had significantly lower mean and maximum velocities at 4 and 8 h compared to 2 h (Pmean Pmax Conclusion The observed changes indicate that lotilaner may disrupt tick attachment. In ticks that attached, a progressive impairment of neuromuscular processes began within 2 h. Those irreversible changes could substantially reduce the risk of pathogen transmission from tick to host. Graphical Abstract
- Published
- 2021
21. Retrospective analysis of the effects of a hyaluronic-based gum gel to counteract signs and symptoms of teething in infants
- Author
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Cristiano Spada, Alexander Bertuccioli, Guido Donato, and Francesco Di Pierro
- Subjects
Adult ,Parents ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Signs and symptoms ,Routine practice ,Irritability ,Tooth Eruption ,stomatognathic system ,medicine ,Retrospective analysis ,Humans ,Child ,Retrospective Studies ,Treated group ,Teething ,business.industry ,Infant ,Sialorrhea ,medicine.disease ,stomatognathic diseases ,Safety profile ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Anxiety ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Gels - Abstract
BACKGROUND Teething discomfort is a widespread disorder affecting a very high percentage of infants. It creates anxiety in parents, who look for help in pediatric clinics. The use of hyaluronic acid gels has been shown in the last 20 years to be an effective tool, generally devoid of side effects, in reducing oral mucosal inflammation in adults. Recently, such results have also been confirmed in infants affected by teething. METHODS From our routine practice results, we have retrospectively reported the efficacy and the safety profile of Bonjela® Soothing Teething Gel (Bonkela, Reckitt Benckiser, UK), a teething gel capable of addressing in a significant way this infant complaint, which improves all the clinical outcomes used in these types of study to describe the clinical condition of infants. RESULTS The time×group interaction showed significant differences in unexplained cry, irritability, inappetence, salivation and gum redness (P
- Published
- 2022
22. Ameliorating the crossbred (Local x Holstein Friesian) growing calves’ growth performance, fecal microbial loads, and nutrient digestibility upon feeding local herbal feed additives as supplements
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S. M. M. Rahaman, S. Ahmed, A. K. M. Z. Rabbi, M. R. I. Khan, M. D. Hossain, M. Khairunnesa, M. R. Islam, C. J. Yang, A. B. M. R. Bostami, and M. U. Habiba
- Subjects
Treated group ,Nutrient digestibility ,Terminalia ,food and beverages ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Crossbreed ,Terminalia chebula ,Animal science ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Medicinal plants ,Weight gain ,Feces - Abstract
There is a growing interest to researchers in human and animal studies through the addition of medicinal plants or their derivatives to their feeds due to the presence of bioactive compounds. A study was carried out to monitor growth performance, fecal microbial loads and nutrient digestibility in crossbred (Local x Holstein Friesian) growing calves. Treatment groups were: HFA1 (CON: Control group, basal diet: green grass + concentrate), HFA2 (CON + fruit of Emblica officinalis Gaertn. 0.5% in-feed and 0.1% in-water), HFA3 (CON + fruit of Terminalia bellirica Gaertn. Roxb. 0.5% in-feed and 0.1% in-water), and HFA4 (CON + fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz. 0.5% in-feed and 0.1% in-water). Addition of local herbal feed additives (HFA2, HFA3 and HFA4) improved weight gain and gain to feed ratio (p
- Published
- 2021
23. Tendon repair by plasma jet treatment
- Author
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Alireza Jahandideh, Saeed Khandan, Mohammadreza Amini, Paniz Yousefi, Sahar Soudmand, Maryam Amini, Mahmood Ghoranneviss, and Mahdi Momeni
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,Treated group ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Achilles tendon ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Plasma jet ,Inflammation ,Plasma treatment ,Tendon tissue ,Tendon ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Wound healing ,business ,Research Article ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In recent years many researchers applied cold plasma for wound healing. The cold plasma is irradiated on the surface of wound. In this paper the effect of irradiation of cold plasma on the skin for healing of injured tissue which is located inside body, such as tendon, is evaluated. METHODS: The male, white New Zealand, (20-week-old) were selected. Aloxan injection induced for diabetes induction and a week later the blood glucose level was measured. The standard tendon injury was created. The rabbits was divided in 3 groups. Control group, Plasma treated group at 5 kv, plasma treated group at 10 kv. Cold plasma was applied to the rabbits for 21 days. RESULTS: After 21 days the tendon tissue were considered histologically. The results show that inflammatory cells were significantly lower in the tendon treated with cold plasma at 10 kv than the others, which confirms that cold plasma treatment reduce the inflammation phase. Cold plasma treatment led to increase neovascularation and collagen production. CONCLUSION: The results of this study confirm that the cold plasma treatment of skin has positive effect on healing of tissue inside body.
- Published
- 2021
24. A Histological Study on The Effects of Bisphenol an Administration on The Liver, Spleen and Pancreas of Adult Male Albino Rats and The Possible Protective Role of Lycopene
- Author
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Ashraf E. Bastwrous and Hala Z.E. Mohamed
- Subjects
endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Treated group ,Adult male ,urogenital system ,business.industry ,Bisphenol ,Group ii ,Spleen ,Lycopene ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Endocrine system ,business ,Pancreas ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disturbing element liberated through the environment and broadly used all over the world. The purpose of this work was to explore the impacts of BPA on liver, spleen and pancreas of adult male albino rats and the probable protecting role of Lycopene. Thirty adult male albino rats were distributed into three groups; group I (control group) , group II administrated BPA orally (50 mg/kg) for 30 days and group III (BPA+ Lycopene treated group) administered Lycopene (LYC) concomitantly with BPA at a dose of 10 mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, rats of all groups were sacrificed. Liver, spleen and pancreas were extracted, fixed and processed for histologic study. The area % of the collagen fibers in liver, spleen and pancreas was measured in the different groups and statistically analyzed. Structural alterations were discovered in liver, spleen and pancreas of BPA-treated rats including dilated congested blood vessels and vacuolar degeneration of the cells. When Lycopene (LYC) was concomitantly administered with BPA, It produced marked improvement at structural and ultrastructural levels. The morphometric results declared that the area % of the collagen fibers in the liver, spleen and pancreases was considerably increased in the BPA-treated group in comparison to the control group. Meanwhile the area % of the collagen fibers of BPA+ Lycopene treated group was more or less comparable to the control group with no significant difference. It was concluded that LYC has noticeable protective effects versus the damaging effects of BPA.
- Published
- 2021
25. Pseudofolliculitis barbae treatment: Efficacy of topical eflornithine, long‐pulsed Nd‐YAG laser versus their combination
- Author
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Hisham Shokeir, Mai Taymour, and Nevien Samy
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Eflornithine ,Group ii ,Lasers, Solid-State ,Dermatology ,Hair Removal ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Thick hair ,Treated group ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Chronic inflammatory disorder ,Treatment efficacy ,Treatment Outcome ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Nd:YAG laser ,Pseudofolliculitis barbae ,Hair Diseases ,business ,Follow-Up Studies ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) is a chronic inflammatory disorder occurring mostly in regions of thick hair growth after shaving. PFB is characterized clinically by multiple painful, pruritic erythematous papules and, less commonly, pustules, nodules, or abscesses. Aim To evaluate the efficacy of topical eflornithine cream only, long-pulsed Nd-YAG laser, versus their combination for PFB management. Patients and methods Overall, 40 male patients with PFB were allocated into 3 treatment groups; Group 1 (n = 12): Treated by topical eflornithine cream twice daily for 16 weeks, Group II (n = 13): Treated by long-pulsed Nd-YAG laser for 4 sessions 4-week interval, Group III (n = 15): Treated by this combination for 16 weeks. The patients were evaluated after 16 weeks and for a further 12 weeks through serial photographs, Folliscopic evaluation, and a quartile grading system for improvement. Results After 16 weeks of treatments, the mean improvement percentages of the inflammatory papules, as well as hair density in the long-pulsed Nd-YAG laser +eflornithine cream, treated group were significantly higher compared with either eflornithine cream treated group or laser-only treated group. The same relationship was demonstrated after 12 weeks of follow-up but with lower improvements compared with 16 weeks of treatment outcome. Conclusions Topical eflornithine cream exerts an additive effect on long-pulsed Nd-YAG laser in enhancing the rate and degree of hair reduction and inflammatory papules in PFB cases with a further follow-up improvement. This combined approach should be long-established in larger sample sizes and long-term studies.
- Published
- 2021
26. RETRACTED: Goat milk enhances memory of d-galactose-induced aging rats
- Author
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Afifa Safdar, Rahimah Zakaria, Che Badariah Ab Aziz, Usman Rashid, and Khairunnuur Fairuz Azman
- Subjects
Treated group ,Taurine ,Antioxidant ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Rat model ,Significant difference ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Sialic acid ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animal science ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,Galactose ,021105 building & construction ,medicine ,Novel object recognition ,business - Abstract
Background and aim Goat milk is a food of high nutritional value and has been proved to possess strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, thus far, little is known of its possible effects on brain especially on memory during aging. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of goat milk supplementation on memory in d-galactose-induced aging rat model. Experimental procedure Fifty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: 1) control group, 2) goat milk treated group, 3) d-galactose treated group, and 4) goat milk plus d-galactose treated group. Goat milk (1 g/kg orally) and/or d-galactose (120 mg/kg subcutaneously) were administered continuously for six weeks preceded and followed by novel object recognition and T-maze test. Results and conclusion Prior to goat milk and d-galactose administration, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in memory between all groups. Goat milk administration alone significantly increased short- and long-term memory (p
- Published
- 2021
27. IN-VIVO IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF AERIAL PARTS OF PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS PLANT IN CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE INDUCED MICE
- Author
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Siddaiah M and Veershetty Hachhe
- Subjects
Treated group ,Cyclophosphamide ,Traditional medicine ,Chemistry ,In vivo ,Group ii ,medicine ,Dose dependence ,food and beverages ,medicine.drug ,Phyllanthus amarus - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of ethanolic extract of aerial parts of phyllanthus amarus plant in cyclophosphamide induced mice. Materials and Method: To evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of ethanolic extracts of Aerial parts of phyllanthus amarus plant. on cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppression in mice. ethanolic extracts of aerial parts of phyllanthus amarus plant, (500mg/kg p.o.) were administered 13 days to albino mice and cyclophosphamide (30mg/kg i.p.) was administered on 11th,12th and 13th days 1 hour after the administration of the respective treatment. On the 14th day blood was collected by retro orbital puncture and the activity was evaluated by determining the RBC, Hb%, Platelet, total WBC and differential counts. Ethanolic extracts of aerial parts phyllantus amarus plant. showed very significant (p
- Published
- 2021
28. Enhanced wound healing activity of nano ZnO and nano Curcuma longa in third-degree burn
- Author
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Shah Nawaz, Ambreen Ashar, Ashar Mahfooz, Iqra Sarwar, Amjad Islam Aqib, Junaid Ali Khan, Wangyuan Yao, Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta, Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar, Muhammad Shoaib, Muhammad Ijaz Saleem, and Abid Rashid
- Subjects
Treated group ,Materials science ,Third-Degree Burn ,biology ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Composite number ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Healing time ,Positive control ,02 engineering and technology ,Cell Biology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Nano ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Curcuma ,0210 nano-technology ,Wound healing ,Biotechnology ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Burns are caused by various external factors, such as radiation, chemicals, electricity, hot surfaces or liquids, which can seriously damage the integrity of the skin. Due to the lack of blood vessel formation, immunosuppression, and sensitivity to various infections, third-degree burns can damage the entire skin layer and delay the healing process. Therefore, this study was planned to evaluate the therapeutic effects of nano ZnO, nano CUR alone and in the composite form in third-degree burns. Topical 1% w/w skin ointments of nano ZnO, Curcuma longa (C. longa) nanoparticles (nano-CUR) and a composite of ZnO and C. longa nanoparticles (nano ZnO/CUR composite) were formulated for the treatment of burn wounds after characterization. A total of 25 rabbits from the animal house were grouped in 4 treatment (nano ZnO, nano CUR, nano ZnO/CUR and positive control) groups with 5 rabbits in each, while 5th group as a negative control group. These rabbits of four treatment groups were branded with the red-hot iron bar having a diameter of 10 mm for 15 seconds to create two burn wounds on each rabbit after induction of anesthesia. Healing time and wound contraction rate were conducted at 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day after wound infliction while histopathological examination was conducted at 28th day after woud infliction. The statistical evaluation showed that nano ZnO/CUR composite group took less time to heal wound (avg, 24.25D ± 0.5) as compared to other groups of nano ZnO (26.25D ± 0.5), nano CUR (28D ± 0.82) and positive control (36.25D ± 0.5) with a similar pattern as observed for contraction rate of the wound. Histopathological analysis showed higher collagen deposition, vascularization, angiogenesis and fibrosis by nano ZnO/CUR composite treated group as compared to other groups. The study concluded that the application of nano ZnO/CUR composite ointment will heal third-degree burn wounds rapidly as compared to solus alone application.
- Published
- 2021
29. Studi Preeliminari Suplementasi Produk Herbal Antidiabetes Terhadap Kontrol Glikemik Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II
- Author
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Iman Surya Pratama, Lalu Husnul Hidayat, Siti Rahmatul Aini, Yayuk Andayani, and Ni Made Ratnata Amalia
- Subjects
Clinical trial ,Treated group ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Diabetes mellitus type II ,Chi-square test ,In patient ,medicine.disease ,business ,Glycemic - Abstract
The aim of this preliminary study is to compare the effect of supplement herbal product (contained the combination of extract Phaesolus vulgaris àand Momordica charantia) and control for short term glycemic control in patient with diabetes mellitus type 2. A randomised clinical trial using paralel design subject has been done in patient with diabetes mellitus type II that meet inclusion criteria (n=60, each group consist of 30 patients). The research held on two public health center in Mataram. The participant alocated on two groups which are the group that got oral hypoglicemic medicine with the herbal product and the control group that only got oral hypoglicemic medicine. The character demographic of the patient and the result of the therapy was obtained by patient interviewed and physical assesment. Fasting Blood Glucose was measured on day 0, 7 and 14. The character demographic was analyzed using chi squared test, and there were no signifficant different on both treated and controlled group (p>0,05). There were also no signifficant different found between control and the treated group (0.73 ñ 93,06 ;23,83 ñ 100,94) on day 7 and day 14 analyzed using t-test. According to this study, the combination between supplement herbal product and oral hypoglicemic medicine does not improved glycemic control on patient with diabetes mellitus type 2. Bias in this studies encourages improvement in design and management of further studies.ÃÂ
- Published
- 2021
30. Impact of probiotic supplementation on water quality and behaviour parameters in Cyprinus carpio
- Author
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Rohit Sharma and Vibhuti Mishra
- Subjects
Treated group ,biology ,Chemistry ,business.industry ,Biodegradable waste ,biology.organism_classification ,law.invention ,Cyprinus ,Probiotic ,Aquaculture ,law ,Carbon source ,Water quality ,Food science ,business ,Beneficial effects - Abstract
The present study was carried out to study the effects of probiotic formulation product, Vapflex Aquafloc Pro on water quality in Cyprinus carpio fish aquaculture system. The observations were taken for a duration of four weeks during which the parameters of ammonia concentration, pH, temperature, total dissolved oxygen and behaviour were considered. All the parameters were greatly controlled in the probiotic treated group as compared to control, indicating beneficial effects of probiotics and efficient recycling of organic waste. The formulation of the product with a suitable carbon source could prove to be very efficient supplement for aquaculture systems.
- Published
- 2021
31. Effects of ethanolic extract of the Cleome arabica on sexual behavior in Wistar rats
- Author
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Fatma Zohra Saadane, Sarra Habbachi, Abir Bouzar, Nour El Imene Boublata, and Wafa Habbachi
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,Treated group ,Antioxidant ,Ecology ,Traditional medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Biology ,Cleome arabica ,Sexual behavior ,Odor ,Toxicity ,medicine ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Medicinal plants ,Saline - Abstract
Traditional medicinal plants are widely used as immunomodulatory medicines that help improve health. A total of 50 plants used for the treatment of toxicity were screened for their protective effects. Traditional medicinal are globally used and have rapidly grown in economic importance. Intrinsically active compounds are well-known for their antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory activities. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of the ethanolic extract of C. arabica leaves on sexual behavior in Wistar rats. C. arabica, a medicinal plant with a foul odor, toxic, and has hallucinogenic effects. The experimental study was carried out on white rats (male and female) of the Wistar strain from the Pasteur Institute of Algiers (Kouba, Algeria), weighing between 150 and 200g sexually naive. The animals were raised in polyethylene cages and divided into two groups (n = 10 rats/group), which received a saline solution (male and female control group), 0.20µg/ml of the ethanolic extract of C.arabica leaves for seven days orally (male and female treated group). The sexual behavior test was performed according to three types of crossing. The results of the treated groups showed a significant increase in mating frequency compared to the control group. Overall, the results showed that C. arabica significantly affects sexual behavior. The ethanolic extract of C. arabica increased sexual behavior and orientation activity performance recorded in the treated animals. Thus, this study found that C. arabica has a significant effect on the rats' sexual behavior.
- Published
- 2021
32. Effect of White Tea (Camellia sinensis) Extract on Skin Wound Healing Process in Rats
- Author
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Iraj Karimi, Golnoush Kouhihabibidehkordi, Zahra Alibabaie, Shirin Asgharian, Elham Bijad, Mohammad Bahadoram, Hajar Zamani, Fatemeh Taheri, Soleiman Kheiri, and Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,White tea extract ,Treated group ,Skin wound ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Cutaneous wound ,Granulation tissue ,medicine.disease ,Camellia sinensis ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Statistical significance ,Healing process ,medicine ,Wound closure ,Original Article ,Sunburn ,Antioxidant ,business ,White tea - Abstract
BACKGROUND White tea (Camellia sinensis) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and a protective effect against wrinkles, sunburn and UV damages on the skin. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of white tea extract on the healing process of skin wounds in rats. METHODS This study was done in the Research Center of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran in 2019. Excisional skin wounds were created on five groups of healthy male Wistar rats (200-250 g, n=21) including control group, Eucerin-treated group, white tea 5% ointment (Eucerin) treated group, gel-treated group, white tea 5% gel treated group. Treatment was begun on day 1 and repeated every day at the same time until day 15. Pathologic samples were taken on days 4, 7 and 15 for histopathological examinations. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze data by SPSS. Statistical significance was defined as P
- Published
- 2021
33. Evaluation of Wound Healing Activity of an Ethanolic Extract of Anacardiumoccidentale Leaves in Wistar Rats
- Author
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Meena Kumari K, Sushma Prabhath, Praveen Kumar Se, Amberkar Mohanbabu Vittalrao, and Charitha
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,0303 health sciences ,Treated group ,Contraction (grammar) ,biology ,business.industry ,Anacardium ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Histopathological examination ,biology.organism_classification ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,business ,Wound healing ,Saline ,Excision wound ,Dexamethasone ,030304 developmental biology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
BACKGROUND -This study undertaken to screen a potential wound healing activity of an ethanolic extract of Anacardiumoccidentale(Ao)leaves in Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS-Excision wound of 500mm2created on the back of Wistar rats. A total of thirty adult Wistar rats were prescreened and divided into five groups of six rats each.Group I and II rats were treated by normal saline (control) and povidone-iodine (standard drug), respectively. Group III and IV with 0.5% and 2%of Anacardiumoccidentale ointment (test drugs), respectively, and Group V rats treated with anti-wound healer drug dexamethasone, i.m. + 2% Anacardiumoccidentale. All drugs were applied topically except Inj. dexamethasone. In the model of excision wound, the wound healing effect was determined by parameters such as the percentage of wound contraction, duration of epithelialization, and histopathological examination. RESULT-All drugs, povidone-iodine, 0.5%, and 2% of the Ao ointment treated group of rats showed a statistically significant increase (P
- Published
- 2020
34. Effect of Melatonin and in Combination with CIDR on Reproductive Performance in anestrus lactating Iraqi buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
- Author
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S. A. Hatif and T. M. Al-Hamedawi
- Subjects
Estrous cycle ,Treated group ,biology ,business.industry ,Veterinary medicine ,Physiology ,biology.organism_classification ,Melatonin ,Pregnancy rate ,Buffaloes, reproductive performance, melatonin, CIDR ,SF600-1100 ,Medicine ,Bubalus ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The present study was performed on 30 lactating Iraqi buffaloes suffered from ovarian inactivity diagnosed by rectal palpation during 60-90 days postpartum, aged between 3-6 years at Al-Thahab Al-Abiad village / Abu-Graib / Baghdad province during the period from February- June 2020 . The animals divided into three equal groups (10 buffaloes for each one). 1st group treated with melatonin implants (90mg/animals/SC) for 30 days but 2nd group treated with melatonin implants conjugated with CIDR (1.38 gm) in day 20 for 10 days, 3rd group without treatment (control group). The results in this study were recorded animal response 90%, 100% and 50% in 1st ,2nd and 3rd groups respectively with superior significantly (P
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- 2020
35. Effect of papaya leaves (Carica Papaya) suspension on Japanese quail (coturnix Japonica)
- Author
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Rakibul Islam, A.S.M. Abu Saeed, Fahima Binthe Aziz, Setara Akter Setu, and Md. Mahmudul Hasan
- Subjects
Treated group ,food.ingredient ,biology ,Computer science ,Inoculation ,Coturnix japonica ,biology.organism_classification ,Quail ,food ,Animal science ,biology.animal ,Antimicrobial effect ,Yolk ,Carica ,Haugh unit - Abstract
Introduction: The experiment was aimed to investigate (i) the comparative efficacy of papaya leaves suspension (PLS) and doxycycline on bacterial load and blood constituents on E. coli inoculated Japanese quail, (ii) the effect of PLS on live body weight, egg production and egg quality (Egg weight, egg shape index, shell plus membrane weight, shell plus membrane thickness, haugh unit, albumen index and yolk index) of Japanese quail. Materials and Methods: 120 female Japanese quails ten days old were randomly assigned into four groups with three replications and grouped as control group (T0), E. coli treated group (T1), E. coli plus PLS (0.25%) treated group (T2) and E. coli plus doxacil-vet powder (1g/2lit) treated group (T3) for the aim (i). Ten days old 60 female Japanese quails were randomly assigned into two groups named T0 (control diet) and T1 (0.25% PLS) with three replications to fulfill the aim (ii). Result: (i) microbial load significantly (P2 & T3 group where significantly (P0 and T1 group. TEC, Hb, PCV & ESR in different treatment groups were almost similar and the differences were statistically non-significant (P>0.05) except TLC which was statistically significant (P2 group. (ii) The body weight of T0 and T1 at 65th day were 164.95 and 182.32 g respectively which was statistically significant (P0 and T1 group respectively which statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion: It may concluded that papaya leaf (Carica papaya) suspension have antimicrobial effect and effect on blood constituents, growth performance and egg production of Japanese quail. Keywords: Coturnix japonica, Carica papaya, E. coli, Hematology, Body weight and egg production.
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- 2020
36. Diagnosis and treatment of gastro‐oesophageal junction abnormalities in dogs with brachycephalic syndrome
- Author
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Laurent Massart, Frédéric Billen, Emilie Vangrinsven, Stéphanie Claeys, Olivier Broux, and Cécile Clercx
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,040301 veterinary sciences ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Esophageal Diseases ,Brachycephalic syndrome ,law.invention ,0403 veterinary science ,Craniosynostoses ,Dogs ,Randomized controlled trial ,Antacid ,law ,medicine ,Animals ,Clinical significance ,Dog Diseases ,Small Animals ,Treated group ,Medical treatment ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,0402 animal and dairy science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Gastro oesophageal junction ,medicine.disease ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Surgery ,Endoscopy ,Airway Obstruction ,business - Abstract
Objectives To determine whether there is a benefit of using pre- and postoperative antacid treatment in dogs undergoing surgery for brachycephalic syndrome. To assess the use of an obstruction manoeuvre during endoscopy for the detection of dynamic gastro-oesophageal junction abnormalities. Materials and methods Thirty-six client-owned brachycephalic dogs were prospectively included in a randomised trial. Antacid treatment was randomly prescribed in 18 dogs before and after surgery while the other 18 dogs did not receive any gastrointestinal medical treatment. At presentation, at the time of surgery and at recheck, digestive clinical signs and gastro-oesophageal junction abnormalities were assessed using specific scores. Gastro-oesophageal junction abnormalities were assessed during endoscopy in standard conditions as well as during endotracheal tube obstruction. This manoeuvre was also applied in an unrelated control group. Results The results suggest a beneficial effect of antacid treatment on the improvement of digestive clinical signs and lesions in dogs with brachycephalic syndrome undergoing surgery. At postsurgical control 83% of dogs had a digestive clinical score ≤1 in the treated group in contrast to 44% in the non-treated group and 39% of dogs had a gastro-oesophageal abnormalities score (during obstruction manoeuvre) ≤1 in the treated group in contrast to 16.7% in the non-treated group. The use of the obstruction manoeuvre during endoscopic assessment in a control group revealed that gastro-oesophageal junction movements are negligible in healthy animals. Clinical significance The addition of antacid treatment during the pre- and postoperative period for brachycephalic dogs undergoing surgery may result in a faster and greater improvement in treated dogs. The obstruction manoeuvre is an interesting technique to improve detection of gastro-oesophageal junction abnormalities.
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- 2020
37. Photobiomodulation invigorating collagen deposition, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki67 expression during dermal wound repair in mice
- Author
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Anuradha Calicut Kini Rao, Vijendra Prabhu, Keerthana Prasad, Krishna Kishore Mahato, and Bola Sadashiva Satish Rao
- Subjects
Excisional wound ,Proliferating cell nuclear antigen ,Dermatology ,Excisional wounds ,Collagen deposition ,Picrosirius red ,Andrology ,Mice ,Animals ,Medicine ,Red light ,Low-Level Light Therapy ,Wound Healing ,Treated group ,biology ,business.industry ,Cell growth ,Photobiomodulation ,Staining ,Ki-67 Antigen ,Red laser light ,Lasers, Gas ,biology.protein ,Original Article ,Surgery ,Collagen ,business ,Ki67 ,Wound repair - Abstract
The present investigation focuses on understanding the role of photobiomodulation in enhancing tissue proliferation. Circular excision wounds of diameter 1.5 cm were created on Swiss albino mice and treated immediately with 2 J/cm2 and 10 J/cm2 single exposures of the Helium-Neon laser along with sham-irradiated controls. During different days of healing progression (day 5, day 10, and day 15), the tissue samples upon euthanization of the animals were taken for assessing collagen deposition by Picrosirius red staining and cell proliferation (day 10) by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67. The positive influence of red light on collagen synthesis was found to be statistically significant on day 10 (P P P P 2 when compared to sham irradiation and (P 2 treated group as evidenced by the microscopy study. The findings of the current investigation have distinctly exhibited the assenting influence of red laser light on excisional wound healing in Swiss albino mice by augmenting cell proliferation and collagen deposition.
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- 2020
38. Combination of crizotinib and chemotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL)
- Author
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Zegeng Chen, Yuyi Yao, Meiting Chen, Quanguang Ren, Xiaojie Fang, He Huang, Xiaohong Fu, Tongyu Lin, and Zhao Wang
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma ,Lung Neoplasms ,medicine.medical_treatment ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Crizotinib ,Refractory ,immune system diseases ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Anaplastic lymphoma kinase ,Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ,In patient ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma ,Treated group ,Chemotherapy ,business.industry ,Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Progression-Free Survival ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ,business ,030215 immunology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Our aim was to explore the role of crizotinib, targeted anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), on r/r systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (sALCL). The treated group prospectively screened 20 patients. After taking crizotinib in the first week, 16 patients who were tolerant and sensitive received the combination of crizotinib with chemotherapy. The control group included 27 patients receiving chemotherapy in the same hospital during the same period. The objective remission rates of the treated and control group were 81.3% and 74.1% (
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- 2020
39. Beneficial Effect of Cordyceps militaris on Exercise Performance via Promoting Cellular Energy Production
- Author
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Junsang Oh, Eunhyun Choi, and Gi-Ho Sung
- Subjects
Treated group ,cordyceps militaris ,biology ,Muscle fatigue ,exercise performance ,Pharmacology ,biology.organism_classification ,Microbiology ,ampk ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,atp ,Grip strength ,Ginseng ,Infectious Diseases ,lcsh:Botany ,Cordyceps militaris ,Exercise performance ,Atp production ,Cellular energy - Abstract
Cordyceps militaris has been reported to the diverse pharmaceutical effects including cancer, inflammatory diseases, and bacteria or virus infection. However, the effect of C. militaris on exercise performance has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effect of C. militaris on exercise performance. To evaluate exercise performance, we prepared C. militaris ethyl acetate extract (CMEE) and conducted grip strength tests every week after administration. Additionally, blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment for biochemical analysis. The administration of CMEE slightly increased grip strength, and this result was similar to the red ginseng treated group. According to the result of biochemical analysis, CMEE had an effect on the biomarkers related to ATP generation pathway but had little influence on the muscle fatigue related biomarkers. Therefore, C. militaris has the possibility of improving exercise performance, which could be associated with the increase in ATP production rather than the decrease in muscle fatigue during exercise.
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- 2020
40. Effects of a dry hydrogen peroxide disinfection system used in an egg cooler on hatchability and chick quality
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Nelson A. Cox, Jeanna L. Wilson, J.S. McElreath, Leonardo José Camargos Lara, Brian J. Jordan, and E.F. Melo
- Subjects
endocrine system ,Zygote ,Management and Production ,Broiler breeder ,embryonic mortality ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animal science ,Animals ,Hydrogen peroxide ,Incubation ,lcsh:SF1-1100 ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Treated group ,Single stage ,Chemistry ,Hatching ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Hydrogen Peroxide ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Hatchery ,Disinfection ,hatch of fertile eggs ,embryonic structures ,Animal Science and Zoology ,lcsh:Animal culture ,Flock ,Chickens ,Disinfectants ,hatching eggs - Abstract
A sanitation method that could continually clean and disinfect the air and surfaces in a hatchery could provide a second layer of microbial reduction on top of routine cleaning and disinfection. A gaseous dry hydrogen peroxide (DHP) system has been used in other facilities for this purpose and could have potential for use in chicken hatcheries. Because the DHP is a true gas and can permeate through the entire hatchery space, contact with eggs during storage and incubation could potentially interfere with normal hatching processes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the DHP system on hatching parameters and chick quality. A total of 3,960 hatching eggs were collected from an ∼40-week-old Ross 308 broiler breeder flock and distributed in 2 treatments: treated and nontreated. For the treated group, the egg cooler was cleaned, and 1 DHP generator was placed inside. Two other DHP generators were placed in the common area outside as well. Both areas were treated for 7 D before placement of eggs, and then eggs were collected and placed inside the cooler over a 4-day period. Eggs were then stored for an additional 3 D after the last collection. Dry hydrogen peroxide levels were recorded each day during storage. For the nontreated group, all DHP machines were removed from the cooler and external room, and the egg cooler was cleaned. Eggs were collected in the same way for the control group as the treated group. After storage, eggs were placed into a single stage Natureform incubator. The eggs exposed to DHP showed higher (P
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- 2020
41. Althaea officinalis improves wound healing in rats: a stereological study
- Author
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Maryam Mohsenikia, Hamidreza Zaree, Ali Soleymani, Farzaneh Zahmatkesh-Meimandi, Soheil Ashkani-Esfahani, MohammadJavad Seyyed Mirlohi, Nasrin Mohammadi Aref, Laya Seyede Rozei, Alireza Ebrahimi, Shima Rafiee, and Parisa Nematollahi
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Treated group ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,biology ,business.industry ,Length density ,Rat model ,Stereology ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Andrology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Dermis ,medicine ,Althaea officinalis ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Wound healing ,Fibroblast ,business - Abstract
Althaea officinalis (AO) is reported to have the ability to activate fibroblasts as well as anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. Herein, we investigated the effects of this herbal medicine on wound healing in rat models by using stereological methods. In this experiment, 48 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups randomly (n = 12): the control group with no treatment, the gel-base treated group, 5% and 10% AO-gel treated groups. The treatments were administered every 24 hours. Wound closure rate, volume densities of collagen bundles, hair follicles, and vessels, vessel's length density and mean diameter, and fibroblast populations were estimated. Fibroblast populations, hair follicles, and mean diameter of vessels in the dermis of AO-treated groups were noticeably higher than those of control and base groups. Also, collagen bundles synthesis was significantly higher in the AO10%-treated group compared to the control and base groups. According to our research and previous studies, AO has the potential to be considered as an alternative medicine in wound healing treatment; however, further clinical investigations are suggested.
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- 2020
42. Impact of Phyllantus niruri and Lactobacillus amylovorus SGL 14 in a mouse model of dietary hyperoxaluria
- Author
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Valerio Pazienza, E. Rossi, E. Bafile, R. Salini, Eleonora Rizzi, Chiara Macchi, Massimiliano Ruscica, C. Panebianco, Francesca Federici, and Laura Manna
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Treated group ,biology ,business.industry ,Urinary system ,Urinary Lithiasis ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Physiology ,biology.organism_classification ,Microbiology ,Oxalate ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,chemistry ,In vivo ,Lactobacillus ,Standard diet ,Medicine ,Adverse effect ,business - Abstract
Hyperoxaluria is a pathological condition which affects long-term health of kidneys. The present study evaluates the impact of the combination of Lactobacillus amylovorus SGL 14 and the plant extract Phyllantus niruri (namely Phyllantin 14™) on dietary hyperoxaluria. Safety and efficacy of Phyllantin 14 have been evaluated in vivo. Mice C57BL6 fed a high-oxalate diet were compared to mice fed the same diet administered with Phyllantin 14 by gavage for 6 weeks. Control mice were fed a standard diet without oxalate. No adverse effects were associated to Phyllantin 14 supplementation, supporting its safety. Mice fed a high-oxalate diet developed significant hyperoxaluria and those administered with Phyllantin 14 showed a reduced level of urinary oxalate and a lower oxalate-to-creatinine ratio. Soluble and insoluble caecal oxalate were significantly lower in treated group, a finding in agreement with the colonisation study, i.e. mice were colonised with SGL 14 after 3 weeks. Microbiota analysis demonstrated that both oxalate diet and Phyllantin 14 can differently modulate the microbiota. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Phyllantin 14 supplementation represents a potential supportive approach for reducing urinary oxalate and/or for enhancing the efficacy of existing treatments.
- Published
- 2020
43. Implementasi Model PjBL terhadap Peningkatan Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Sikap Ilmiah Siswa Kelas VIII SMP
- Author
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Yula Miranda, Soaloon Sinaga, and Anthony Firdaus
- Subjects
Treated group ,Process skill ,Mathematics education ,Learning models ,Psychology ,Project-based learning ,Class (biology) ,Plant tissue ,Test (assessment) - Abstract
It has been observed that the level of science process skills and students' scientific attitudes, to seome extent, has not been formed, so the learning activity process has been running in slow motion. This study aims to examine the impact of project based learning (PjBL model) on the improvement of students‘ science process skills (KPS) and scientific attitudes, especially on plant tissue lesson. A pretest-posttest research design was applied to two classes of 8th grade students of SMPN 9 Palangka Raya, namely class VIIIA as the treated group, and while VIIIb as the control class using conventional learning models. The instruments used were lesson plans, science process skills observation sheets, scientific attitude questionnaires, and a number of test questions for testing. The results show that PjBL can improve science process skills with an N-gain of 0.70 in treated group, which is classified as high category, and N-gain of 0.48 in the control class which is in the moderate category. The PjBL implementation does not improve scientific attitudes because the N-gain value is 0.58 in the experimental class, quite similar to 0.32 point in the control class; both fall on moderate category.
- Published
- 2020
44. A Comparative Study on Efficacy of Azithromycin and Doxycycline in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris at a Tertiary Care Centre
- Author
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Karthik Rao, George M. Varghese, Shanti Gurung, Ram Bhutani, Navin Patil, Amrita Parida, Gunjan Chaudhary, and Mohsin Nazeer
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Doxycycline ,Treated group ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Significant difference ,medicine.disease ,Azithromycin ,Tertiary care ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,business ,Pre and post ,Acne ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Comparing the efficacy of doxycycline and azithromycin in the treatment of patients with acne vulgaris. A total of 110 patients with acne vulgaris participated in this comparative,prospective, longitudinal study and were randomly assigned to two groups (azithromycin and doxycycline). Grading of scores were determined and recorded at baseline using the sign and symptom scores validated by Jerry KL Tan whereas the severity of acne was evaluated by counting the number of lesions. Patients were followed up for a period of 4 weeks.Clinical assessment was made at the end of 4 weeks and data was analysed. Pre and post treatment evaluations were done by using score scale where the number of non-inflammatory, inflammatory and total lesions were counted. Chi-square test was used to compare the results and p 0.05) in efficacy was found when the azithromycin treated group was compared with doxycycline treated group after one month of therapy. Both drugs were effective in reducing the severity of Acne vulgaris when compared separately before and after therapy with azithromycin being a little superior in the reduction of the percentage of number of inflammatory lesions than Doxycycline. The reduction in the percentage in the number of inflammatory lesions post 1 month was better with azithromycin group as compared to Doxycycline, whereas there was improvement with respect to the reduction in number of noninflammatory lesions and total lesions in both groups but was not significant between the groups However, there was no significant difference between the efficacy of Azithromycin and Doxycycline treated group after one month period of therapy
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- 2020
45. Comparación del tratamiento quirúrgico y endovascular de aneurismas del segmento comunicante posterior
- Author
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Jorge Zumaeta, Fernando Palacios, Rodolfo Rodriguez, Giancarlo Saal, Jose Daniel Flores-Sanchez, and Celia Molina
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Treated group ,business.industry ,Ruptured aneurysms ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Significant difference ,Statistical difference ,Retrospective cohort study ,Surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,Functional status ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Embolization ,Internal carotid artery ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Antecedentes: Los aneurismas del segmento comunicante posterior representan aproximadamente 25% de todos los aneurismas intracraneales, y el 50% de los aneurismas de la arteria carótida interna. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia del tratamiento quirúrgico y endovascular en el manejo de aneurismas de esta localización. Métodos: Estudio comparativo retrospectivo. Se revisó las historias clínicas de pacientes con aneurisma del segmento comunicante posterior que ingresaron al departamento de Neurocirugía del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara durante el periodo 2010–2017. Se comparó estancia hospitalaria, complicaciones, mortalidad y estado funcional a los 12 meses, en relación al tratamiento recibido, microquirúrgico o endovascular. Resultados: Se evaluaron 256 pacientes, 111 (43.36%) recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico, y 145 (56.64%) endovascular. En el caso de aneurismas rotos, el estado de independencia funcional fue alcanzado por 68 (66.7%) y 69 (70.4%) pacientes que recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico y endovascular, respectivamente (OR: 0.84, IC 95%: 0.46–1.53; P = 0.505). Se presentaron complicaciones neurológicas en 37 (36,3%) y 34 (34.7%) pacientes sometidos a tratamiento microquirúrgico y endovascular, respectivamente (OR: 1.07, IC 95%: 0.60–1.91; P = 0.912). La estancia hospitalaria promedio fue 19.55 ± 13.85 y 14.06 ± 14.97 días, para pacientes con tratamiento quirúrgico y endovascular, respectivamente (P < 0.008). La mortalidad fue 11.8% y 11.2%, con ligera predominancia en el grupo tratado quirúrgicamente (OR: 1.05, IC 95%: 0.44–2.52; P = 0.904). Conclusión: No existe diferencia significativa respecto al resultado funcional a los 12 meses, complicaciones y mortalidad entre ambos tipos de tratamiento en el caso de aneurismas rotos. Los pacientes sometidos a terapia endovascular tuvieron de forma significativa menor estancia hospitalaria.
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- 2020
46. Peripheral Administration of RF9 Does Not Affect Hypothalamic-PituitaryGonadal Axis in Normal Fed Adult Male Macaque
- Author
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Aalia Batool, Madiha Wazir, Rahim Ullah, Rabia Naz, and Muhammad Shahab
- Subjects
Treated group ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adult male ,biology ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,General Engineering ,Macaque ,Peripheral ,Bolus (medicine) ,Endocrinology ,Time windows ,biology.animal ,Internal medicine ,Area under curve ,medicine ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,business ,Saline ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Stress represses hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG-axis) but RF9, a synthetic peptide, rescues such repression. To assess the role of RF9 in regulating HPG-axis under normal physiological conditions in higher primates, RF9 was administered to intact adult male rhesus monkeys and response of the HPG-axis was examined by measuring plasma testosterone as an end parameter of the axis. Control group (n=4) received normal saline whereas the treated group (n=4) received RF9. On the first day of experiment, four bolus injections of normal saline (1ml/animal) were administered intravenously at 2-hr interval to the control monkeys. Similarly, on the second day of experiment, treated group received four iv bolus injections of RF9 (0.1mg/kg BW) at 2-hr interval. Serial blood samples were collected at 20 min interval during a 6-hr period which started just after first saline/RF9 injection. Plasma testosterone levels were measured by using a specific EIA. Overall means of plasma testosterone levels and plasma testosterone area under curve (AUC) and overall mean testosterone and mean testosterone AUC in short time windows following each injection of RF9 and saline were comparable between the groups. Our results demonstrate that RF9 has no role in regulating HPG-axis under normal physiological conditions in adult male monkeys.
- Published
- 2020
47. Evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of microkinesitherapy in post-traumatic cervicalgia. A randomized, double-blinded clinical trial
- Author
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Pierre Baconnier, Gerard Vaudax, Bruno Vial, Didier Poquin, Robert Juvin, Cristiane Maindet-Dominici, and Geneviève F. Vaudaux
- Subjects
Treated group ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neck pain ,Clinical effectiveness ,Visual analogue scale ,business.industry ,Double blinded ,law.invention ,Surgery ,Clinical trial ,Double blind ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,030202 anesthesiology ,law ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of a microkinesitherapy session on pain and the amplitudes of flexion-extension in post-traumatic acute neck pain. Methods: Randomized double blind clinical trial involving two groups of patients. The microkinesitherapy group benefitted from the check-up treatment sequence, the control group from a check-up simulation sequence. The primary outcome measure was evolution of pain, secondary endpoint amplitudes of movement. Results: 29 patients were studied: 15 in the microkinesitherapy group and 14 in the control group. A significant decrease in the visual analog scale (0-10) of pain was noted for the microkinesitherapy group (5,2 ± 2,3 at initial check-up versus 2.5 ± 1.7 in the second check-up, p
- Published
- 2020
48. Antigen-G of Larva Serum of Musca domestica as an Immunoglobulin Production Promoter in Goats under an Organic Maintenance
- Author
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Wisje Lusia Toar, Geertruida Assa, Santie Turangan, Ivonne Maria Untu, Hengky Kiroh, and Laurentius J. M. Rumokoy
- Subjects
Treated group ,Larva ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Serum antibody ,Andrology ,Animal groups ,Antigen ,biology.protein ,Livestock ,Antibody ,business ,Musca - Abstract
This experiment aimed to reveal the effect of serum G-antigen of M. domesticainsect larvae (LAS) as promoter antigen on serum immunoglobulin production in organically managed goat livestock. This study used 12 local goats which were divided into two groups: as a control group and treated group receiving treatment. Insect rearing was conducted to obtain the larvae, the antigen-G was then extracted from the larvae to be used as promoter antigen to enhance the serum antibody production which was subcutaneously immunized in experimental goats and incubated for a period of 14 days. Blood collection of 2.5 ml was taken through the jugular vein and then carried out a quantification of serum protein level indicating the antibody proportion of goats. The data of the LSA extract proportion level were statistically analyzed with t-test, and the quality classification level of serum immunoglobulin of animal groups were statistically analysed. The results showed that the serum of animal treated with LSA of M. domesticaresulted in a higher level of immunoglobulin (P
- Published
- 2020
49. Possible Kefir Biological Effects: 4: Effect of Kefir Beverage on The Histopathological and Macroscopical Changes in Adipose Tissue of High Fat-Fed STZ- Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rat
- Author
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Abdel-Baset M. Aref, Lobna A. Ali, Osama M. Ahmed, Mohie Haridy, Margit Semmler, and Gülhan Ünlü
- Subjects
Treated group ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Diabetic rat ,business.industry ,Kefir ,Insulin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Adipose tissue ,medicine.disease ,High fat fed ,Animal science ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Histopathology ,business - Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of kefir consumption as a common dairy fermented product on keep the bodyweight balanced on high fat-fed streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar rats which fed with a daily kefir gavage dose, also to examine any effects regards the abdominal circumference (AC) and body fat mass; observed results compared to normal male rats; Experiments were carried out on 60 albino male rats, with age 8 weeks, weighing about 220-250 g, after the adaptation period, male rats were divided randomly into two experiments by six groups: experiment Ⅰ included 3 non-diabetic ones and experiment ⅠⅠ included three STZ induced diabetes groups. The groups were fed as follows: group 1 received a standard diet and served as control. Group 2 was fed on a standard diet and kefir (0.7 ml/animal/day by gavage). Group 3 received a high-fat diet and kefir (0.7 ml/animal/day by gavage). The diabetic males of groups A, B and C were fed on a high-fat diet. Group B received in addition kefir (0.7 ml/animal/day by gavage), while group C was injected additionally with insulin (0.76 UI/200 mg BW/day); all the groups have the access to the drinking water all the time.; the bodyweight of normal and diabetic rat males was determined on 1sttreatment day,and every week until the end the experiment plan (5 weeks) then all the groups were sacrificed with measuring the AC and weighting the fat mass; Summarizing it could be said; through all the work plan (5 weeks), all the six animal groups showed a significant increase in the mean body weight with a normal level in experiment Ⅰ unless in group 3 which fed on HFD and kefir, while in experiment ⅠⅠ kefir helps the diabetic treated group to not losing weight compared to the untreated one; similarity kefir neither affect AC nor relative fat weight.
- Published
- 2020
50. Pengaruh Pijat Bayi yang dilakukan oleh Ibu terhadap Tumbuh-Kembang dan Tidur Bayi di Kabupaten Klaten
- Author
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Paryono Paryono and Ari Kurniarum
- Subjects
Infant massage ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Treated group ,Massage ,Sleep quality ,business.industry ,Physical therapy ,Medicine ,Good control ,Infant sleep ,business ,Body weight ,Research method - Abstract
Background: Optimal growth and development of babies can be done through stimulation of the touch by containing massage. Babies who are massaged sleep more and compile waking up fresher. In Klaten District, parents ask for masseur services because their children are fussy and have trouble sleeping. No less than 30 babies every day who come in one massage place, even on holidays more than 60 babies who come. If you can do the massage yourself, you will be able to save money and get closer to the relationship between mother and baby, including other developments and developments, and help the baby's development. Purpose this study is analyze the effect of infant massage conducted by the mother on the growth and development of infants in Klaten Regency, it can be seen the growth and development of infant sleep. Methods: The research method is quasi-experimental with control. The study was conducted for 6 months, the intervention for 1 month consisted of training in infant massage in the group of mothers who had babies and conditioning other groups as a control group (not suitable for training). The group treated massage their babies every week for 1 month, while the other group (control) did not do massage. Data collected includes body, body length, the ability of motion received by the baby and the quality of sleep performed before and after massage in the control groups, as well as in the control groups at the time performed for 1 month. The research location is in Klaten Regency with a sample of the area in the working area of Trucuk and Central Klaten Puskesmas. Data analysis was carried out for 1 month to test hypotheses using the paired "t" test to measure body weight, body length and sleep quality before and then get a good massage in the treated group with good control, through the unpaired "t" test to measure the babies given massage compared to babies who are not massaged. Results: Tests of growth and development of babies and sleep between before and after the baby was massage by the results obtained with p
- Published
- 2020
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