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El presente estudio se enfocó en analizar la transformación digital en la gestión de atención al cliente en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) de servicios de internet en la ciudad de Cañar. La metodología empleada se basó en un enfoque cuantitativo respaldado por un diseño de investigación de campo. Se llevó a cabo la recopilación de datos a través de encuestas estandarizadas, las cuales fueron validadas utilizando el coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach para asegurar su confiabilidad y consistencia. La población objetivo estuvo conformada por gerentes de las PYMES de servicios de internet y clientes de estas empresas. Los resultados revelaron una clara tendencia hacia la adopción de tecnologías digitales por parte de las PYMES, incluyendo el uso de canales de comunicación, inteligencia artificial y chatbots. Los gerentes destacaron la importancia de estas herramientas para mejorar la atención al cliente y la eficiencia operativa. En cuanto a los clientes, se encontró que la mayoría utiliza servicios de fibra óptica con alta frecuencia y se siente satisfecha con la calidad del servicio. La satisfacción general con la atención al cliente fue positiva, aunque hubo áreas de oportunidad identificadas para mejorar la experiencia del cliente. En conclusión, esta investigación subraya la creciente importancia de la transformación digital en la industria de servicios de internet. Las PYMES están adoptando tecnologías digitales para mejorar la atención al cliente y satisfacer las demandas cambiantes.

The second and third quarters of the 19th century constitute a period that is underrepresented in the historiography of Asturian industrialization, although it is of capital importance, since it lays the foundations for what will come later, very often in circumstances that could well be described as epic. In this take-off there is an unavoidable contribution coming from the most advanced regions of the continent at the time, among which was Belgium, which meant capital, technicians, technology and skilled labor for Asturias. This article aims to highlight the figure of Armand Nagelmackers, who was the first engineer of the first modern coal company in the region, Belgian and a graduate of the Liège School of Mines. His role can hardly be overestimated. In spite of this, like other characters of this period, he has hardly been treated in the ad hoc historiography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Resumo: A inovação é um elemento fundamental para o desenvolvimento e crescimento, mas constituída por um processo demorado de acúmulo de conhecimento. Uma das formas de acelerar tal processo é por meio da transferência de tecnologia. Este artigo mapeou as particularidades da transferência de tecnologia para a vacina contra COVID-19, celebrado entre a AstraZeneca e o Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos (Bio-Manguinhos), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, bem como reconheceu os seus facilitadores, seus entraves e suas lacunas. Para tanto, foi realizada uma análise desde a etapa da seleção do parceiro mais adequado até a incorporação da nova tecnologia. A metodologia utilizada se baseou em uma ampla revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, aliada ao estudo de caso. Os resultados apontaram que, apesar de muitas ações ainda precisarem ser realizadas para que os ganhos de capacidade tecnológica sejam potencializados, as lições aprendidas com o processo de transferência de tecnologia servirão de aprendizado e serão utilizadas nos acordos futuros e em andamento.

La transferencia de tecnología en universidades públicas de Brasil, clave para fomentar la innovación y el progreso tecnológico, fue objeto de evaluación en esta investigación en las cinco regiones geográficas del país. El enfoque de la investigación fue principalmente cuantitativo, respaldado por un componente cualitativo. Se utilizó un cuestionario con 33 preguntas adaptadas a la realidad estudiada. Para analizar los resultados, se utilizaron medidas cuantitativas de dispersión de la variabilidad, como la media, la desviación estándar y el coeficiente de variación. Además, se llevaron a cabo análisis de correlación entre las variables de las distintas dimensiones mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (R) para evaluar la variabilidad de los datos. Los resultados, analizados mediante medidas cuantitativas de dispersión de la variabilidad y correlaciones de Pearson, destacaron diferencias notables en las universidades debido a sus estructuras organizativas. La dimensión "personal" obtuvo la puntuación promedio más alta con un 18.23% de dispersión moderada, mientras que las dimensiones de evaluación, comercialización, medio ambiente y sociedad recibieron calificaciones más bajas. Este estudio proporciona una visión general de las actividades de transferencia de conocimiento en universidades públicas brasileñas, lo que puede servir como base para decisiones más efectivas en el ámbito académico.

La economía puede incrementar el bienestar social haciendo progresar el capital físico, el capital humano y la tecnología. Es sobre este último factor, clave en relación con los otros dos, sobre el que versa este estudio. En los centros de investigación españoles, particularmente los universitarios, se produce un alto número de resultados de notable calidad, lo que no se traslada, en proporción semejante, al campo de las innovaciones y de la aplicabilidad industrial. Desde un análisis de los datos, intentamos ilustrar esa brecha que existe entre investigación e innovación comercializable en el país que ocupa el cuarto puesto en la UE, tanto por el volumen de su PIB como por el número de sus ciudadanos. The economy can increase social welfare by advancing physical capital, human capital and technology. It is on this last factor, which is key in relation to the other two, that this study focuses. Spanish research centres, particularly universities, produce a high number of results of notable quality, but this does not translate, in similar proportion, to the field of innovation and industrial applicability. From an analysis of the data, we attempt to illustrate the gap that exists between research and marketable innovation in the country that ranks fourth in the EU, both in terms of the volume of its GDP and the number of its citizens.

Investment projects in Cuban industry present problems because they are not developed with the required quality. This paper aims to propose a methodology for carrying out investment projects as a process of technology transfer and assimilation. A compendium of various ways of carrying out investment projects is made, the current state of Cuban investments and their main difficulties are analyzed, and foreign investment, which is the main current form of investment in Cuba. A methodological proposal is developed for carrying out investment projects that includes a series of detailed steps on how investments should be made in Cuba. The main variables of an investment project are analyzed: feasibility, risk analysis and commissioning, in addition to the need to prioritize maintenance as the main thing within the investment project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI), technology transfer, and economic growth in Thailand, specifically in the lower northern region. The study analyzes the factors that influence FDI and its impact on economic growth, as well as the policies related to foreign investment promotion. The research findings suggest that factors such as labor, number of establishments, consumer price index, investment value, and internet users play a significant role in gross provincial products. The study also emphasizes the importance of technology adoption in increasing productivity and the role of government plans in stimulating regional development. Additionally, the document provides statistics and analysis on the economy of different regions in Thailand, focusing on the eastern region's economic structure and its reliance on industry. It also discusses the relationship between FDI, technology transfer, and economic growth in the lower northern region. The study concludes with recommendations for future research studies. [Extracted from the article]

O presente relato descreve as ações realizadas pelo programa de extensão “Reproduza” entre 2022 e 2023. Além da curricularização de extensão, foram realizados atendimentos a propriedades e no próprio campus de Concórdia do IFC com difusão de tecnologia, participou-se de eventos técnico-científicos e foram organizados cursos e simpósios para capacitação técnica de discentes e técnicos e foi firmada uma cooperação técnica entre a EPAGRI e o IFC que resultou em um Centro de Referência Técnica em Bovinocultura de Corte (CRTC) para servir de modelo a pequenas propriedades. Esse relato mostra que a extensão rural pode se apresentar de várias formas, e que é parte integral da pesquisa e do ensino.

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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As Universidades públicas brasileiras são responsáveis pela maior parte da produção científica do país. As empresas interessadas em inovação tecnológica podem encontrar nas Universidades públicas parcerias para o desenvolvimento obtenção de novas patentes. Todavia, a dificuldade da transferência de tecnologia para o setor privado, pode ser fator de risco diante da insegurança quanto à possibilidade para a Empresa parceira recuperar o seu investimento no momento da produção e comercialização. Nesse sentido, seria necessária uma alternativa que assegure à empresa parceira a garantia, por exemplo, do licenciamento exclusivo da nova tecnologia desenvolvida ao longo da execução do contrato de cooperação científica. O presente artigo busca apontar soluções jurídicas para viabilizar a exclusividade do licenciamento de novas tecnologias para as empresas parceiras no desenvolvimento de projetos de PD&I e, igualmente, viabilizando a pesquisa tecnológica de inovação das universidades públicas.

Copyright of Ciência & Trópico (03042685) is the property of Fundacao Joaquim Nabuco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Las Escuelas de Campo de Agricultores (ECAs) son una estrategia de extensión rural y medio de difusión de prácticas de manejo e innovaciones para afianzar los conocimientos, enfatizando los procesos de aprendizaje con un intercambio de experiencias horizontal y de doble vía entre el facilitador y los agricultores. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar un enfoque modificado de escuelas de campo (EMECA) para los agricultores de Cajamarca, Tolima - Colombia, con el propósito de identificar los conocimientos adquiridos de los agricultores en temas agronómicos relacionados con la producción, nutrición y manejo de plagas y enfermedades para un nuevo cultivar de arracacha denominado AGROSAVIA LA 22. El estudio simplificó los componentes tradicionales de una ECA en preparación, implementación y evaluación donde se incorporaron nuevas estrategias de intervención. Los resultados mostraron que al comparar el antes y el después de la intervención en el proceso de aprendizaje, donde se aplicó una prueba t pareada de modo general para cuatro categorías se encontró que los conocimientos de los agricultores de las tres localidades presentaron diferencias estadísticas (p

Holguin province is pioneer in the agrarian extension activity in the country; however, there are scarce documents that show how it has evolved in time, which limits the access to the antecedents and impacts. Therefore, the objective of this work was to show the contribution of agrarian extension to the territorial development of Holguin province, from the recounting of the main events and reflections occurred in the Cuban revolutionary period. Primary sources (interviews to extensionists, managers, farmers, and teachers) and secondary sources (reports, scientific articles, memoirs of events) were used to compile and analyze the necessary information. The results showed five stages of extensions development with an impact on territorial development, especially in the training of human talents and productive processes, at different system levels. However, the current challenge is to develop the Agricultural Extension System, for which it is essential to make it a priority within agricultural policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript takes as its object the technology transfer between universities and companies, with a focus on valuing technology. In developing countries, such as Brazil, the public sector has greater investment in R&D if compared to the private sector, as it is evidenced by the high capacity for generating patents by Brazilian public universities. Thus, if on one side there are universities with high potential for technology production, on the other side there are companies that need technologies for innovation and competitiveness. It is in this scenario that the Technological Innovation Centers (NIT in Portuguese) fit in. Specifically, it sought to understand the ability of technology transfer offices in Brazil to value technologies. To achieve this goal, the study used quantitative and qualitative research, called mixed, using a questionnaire. With the results and evidence found, it was evidenced that the NITs go through several difficulties, highlighting the need for qualified personnel and the absence of specific valuation methods for the reality of the Brazilian context of technology transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista CienciaUAT is the property of Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Inovação, Projetos e Tecnologia is the property of Revista Inovacao, Projetos e Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Inovação, Projetos e Tecnologia is the property of Revista Inovacao, Projetos e Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores technological development and its transfer in the context of cooperation between scientific and technological institutions (STI), represented in large part by universities, and companies. The motivation for the research arose from the finding that most studies on technology transfer do not clarify how the technology development process takes place. In this context, the objective of the research is to characterize the main aspects of the technology development and licensing process of patented technologies in the State of Paraná in Brazil. In methodological terms, the research is predominantly qualitative, with primary data collection in two phases: i) data on intellectual property requests and technology transfers from 16 STI from Paraná selected for the study; ii) questionnaire from 45 researchers who invented intellectual property claims to characterize the development process of protected and transferred and non-transferred technologies. It is inferred, from the study carried out in Paraná, that developing technologies oriented by the demand of the productive sector favors their transfer to society and that the intellectual capital of STI plays a key role in the beginning of successful interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: COVID-19 pandemic situation made the pharmaceutical companies develop the vaccine with different formulations in a short period. Objectives: The main objective of the review is to focus on different types of vaccine formulations available globally and the importance of technology transfer in vaccine development associated with potential risks. Results: Research on vaccine development led to various types of vaccines, such as Inactivated vaccines, Live Attenuated vaccines, Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vaccines, viral vector vaccines, and Protein Subunit Vaccines for COVID-19. But the process of vaccine development and technology transfer is lined with various risks and challenges. Through risk assessment, we found some major potential risks involved in product development; this leads to a smoother and more efficient method to develop safe vaccines available for public health. Conclusions: This review will explain the significance of technology collaboration for the faster development of various formulations of vaccines globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El presente estudio se centró en identificar las brechas que existen en relación al conocimiento del cambio climático, sus impactos y oportunidades, así como identificar sus potencialidades y restricciones como una alternativa a la Bioeconomía. Se desarrolló un modelo de entrevistas, cuyo universo, tuvo por objeto la selección de tres tipos de poblaciones: Las Empresas Privadas, Instituciones de Educación Superior: Profesores y / o administradores y tomadores de decisiones de estas instituciones, las Instituciones Públicas y Organizaciones no Gubernamentales. Los resultados demostraron que el sector privado otorga mayor prioridad a reducir costos e incrementar eficiencia, el aumento de la rentabilidad y retención de clientes en relación a responder eficazmente a las amenazas y oportunidades del cambio climático, lo que indica que existe una brecha de conocimientos en relación a los impactos y oportunidades que ofrece el cambio climático, mientras que en la docencia se observó que, existe una abundante formación de maestrías relacionadas con la temática medioambiental, sin embargo los cursos que se imparten en las universidades sobre cambio climático son muy escasos y por otro lado no existe un programa nacional de formación de postgrados en cambio Climático y sólo el 58% de los docentes entrevistados realizan tareas de investigación. En las instituciones públicas y ONG opinan que es baja la frecuencia de acceso a becas para adquirir conocimientos sobre cambio climático y que a nivel nacional la fuente de conocimientos sobre cambio climático muy frecuentemente utilizada por los docentes e investigadores es internet.

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Este estudo apresenta a análise da trajetória e das estratégias utilizadas pelo Centro Regional de Inovação e Transferência de Tecnologia (CRITT), Núcleo de Inovação Tecnológica (NIT), da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), desde a sua constituição em 1995 até a atualidade, por meio de um estudo de caso. A pesquisa possui abordagem qualitativa, com caráter descritivo e utilizou como instrumentos de coleta de evidências entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco informantes-chave, os quais participaram da trajetória do NIT da UFJF, e análise documental. Embasa-se em referências teóricas relativas à administração pública, inovação, transferência de tecnologia e propriedade intelectual. Assim, este trabalho demonstra a trajetória de desenvolvimento do NIT da UFJF em três momentos, a criação, a institucionalização e a atualidade, e levanta pontos de reflexão sobre seus processos de transferência de tecnologia e proteção ao conhecimento, e pode auxiliar na melhoria de elementos identificados como desfavoráveis ou impeditivos para a realização destas atividades e na proposição de uma agenda futura de pesquisa.

La alfabetización informacional, la preservación de los re - cursos electrónicos generados por la universidad, la cura - ción de contenidos en la Web y la gestión del conocimiento constituyen algunas de las nuevas prácticas profesionales del bibliotecario dentro del contexto de la Sociedad de la Información. Para ello, la tecnología se integra como sis - tema de conocimientos sistematizados y de condiciones económicas, sociales y culturales que redefinen sus fun - ciones, su estructura organizativa y sus modos de actua - ción para con su entorno. El presente artículo realiza una valoración de los aportes y limitaciones que se manifiestan en la transferencia de tecnología en la biblioteca universitaria, teniendo como escenario la realidad cubana. A su vez se describen las nuevas competencias profesionales que deberán asumir los bibliotecarios como consecuencia de la relación tecnología-biblioteca y del tránsito de esta última hacia la cibersociedad.

The forestry engineering courses in Ibero-America are mainly adjusted to traditional patterns of knowledge transfer, neglecting the communication technologies largely implemented in other areas. Front of this, the essay states that such curricula should be alternatively yielded by means of methods in line with the technological development brought about by the demands of society. We try to demonstrate that the new communication channels ease and compel the transit to the distance education, in which the tutor is incorporated as a dynamizing agent of the teaching process. The use of new channels in university education, either replacing or complementing traditional face-to-face systems, would facilitate a change in the current teacher-centered mode of learning towards a responsibility for learning shared by students and tutors, being these important stakeholders as pedagogic mediators, trained in the subject, that ease the teaching-learning processes. If the transfer of knowledge and technology in the university were adapted to this new multipolar communication system, with TIC support, the challenge would be the adaptation to more extensive media, in which the learning services can be offered to a higher number of students in real time, and student-directed collaborative learning models focused on skills. Distance learning at university by means of net platforms responds to the new goals of learning by doing, while at the same time addressing the demands of not university professional updating.

Como forma de apreender o referencial que orienta as políticas públicas para a agricultura familiar, procuramos compreender como os mediadores, classificados em cinco “mundos sociais” (extensionista, gestor, pesquisador, professor e movimentos sociais), identificam as políticas que mais tiveram foco na inclusão produtiva nas três últimas décadas (1990-2020). Para isso, utilizou-se da técnica de entrevista semiestruturada realizada com 80 mediadores sociais que atuam com os públicos da agricultura familiar no estado do Tocantins. Conclui-se que apesar da mudança no “referencial” das políticas governamentais com vistas a incorporar a noção de inclusão produtiva, este não coincide, na maioria das vezes, com as ideias e práticas dos mediadores envolvidos nos processos de intervenção sociotécnica junto aos diferentes grupos de agricultores familiares.

El propósito de este artículo es determinar las tendencias de comercialización del conocimiento por parte de investigadores de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), a través de patentes y actividades de emprendimiento. Estudiamos al segmento de profesores-investigadores, en su mayoría, miembros del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI), que han solicitado patentes con la ayuda de la Oficina de Transferencia de Conocimiento de esta institución (OTC-UAEM), así como las motivaciones y restricciones hacia la protección de la Propiedad Intelectual, a través de entrevistas a profundidad semiestructuradas. La originalidad de este trabajo radica en obtener una amplia visión de las opiniones de la comunidad académica sobre la tercera misión de la Universidad, específicamente, sobre el patentamiento y la comercialización de sus invenciones. También se presenta información sobre el desarrollo de la Transferencia de Tecnología en el contexto de una universidad pública, que ya se destaca en estas actividades a nivel nacional, así como su interés en la transformación hacia una institución más congruente con el entorno actual, buscando transferir el conocimiento que genera en beneficio de la sociedad. Sin embargo, el impacto de las políticas e incentivos nacionales, en materia de PI, aunado a la escasa comercialización de resultados, ha implicado una reducción en el interés de los entrevistados sobre continuar solicitando el registro de patentes. Por otro lado, el emprendimiento realizado por investigadores, en su mayoría, también miembros del SNI, y sus estudiantes, representa una actividad sobresaliente.

The integration of rural extension and agricultural research (I-ERPA) has been debated worldwide. In Brazil, I-ER-PA has been considered a strategy to overcome the diffusionist paradigm, related to the creation or merge of public companies. The objective of the study was to explore the literary production on I-ER-PA and shed light on the theme. Literary production of peer-reviewed articles was considered, specifically, papers indexed in Web of Science. A total of 28 combination of words was used to sample scientific papers. The study delivered a list of terminologies (theoretical frameworks, methodologies and approaches) related to I-ER-PA. Overall, studies referring to I-ER-PA increased considerably in the last decades. Brazil is highly ranked in terms of authorships and contributions to the topic. However, the Brazilian production presented a low number of citations, lacking partnerships with other countries and contributions about the Brazilian case, such as closing, creating or merging public institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Farmers demand more precision farming technology and specific information is consumed in the adoption process, which could not only depend on how efficiently the information flows among farmers. It is assumed that the sources of information are inputs in the production processes and could have an impact on the decision to adopt precision farming technology, after controlling for farmer and farm business characteristics. Accordingly, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of nine information sources used by cotton farmers of 12 U.S. producer states on the adoption of yield monitor with GPS, grid soil sampling, zone soil sampling, aerial photos, and soil survey maps. The scientific utility of this research lies on the quantitative data from the Southern Cotton Precision Farming Survey analysed using statistical methods such as univariate, bivariate and multivariate probit regressions. The statistical results indicated that information from dealers, consultants, university publications, and university events were the most common information sources used when searching for precision farming information with positive and significant effects on the adoption of precision farming technology. The presented findings from this comprehensive analysis can assist organizations in selecting information sources, and on planning communications and partnerships strategies fostering technology transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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As a way to apprehend the referential that guides public policies for family farming, we seek to understand how the mediators, classified in five “social worlds” (extensionist, manager, researcher, teacher and social movements), identify the policies that were most focused on productive inclusion in the last three decades (1990-2020). For this, we used the semi-structured interview technique carried out with 80 social mediators who work with the public of family farming in the state of Tocantins. It is concluded that despite the change in the "referential" of government policies aimed at incorporating the notion of productive inclusion, this does not coincide, in most cases, with the ideas and practices of the mediators involved in the processes of socio-technical intervention with different groups of family farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La teoría económica evolucionista ayuda a comprender la relación entre conocimiento, tecnología e innovación como elemento propulsor del desarrollo económico-productivo. A partir de este enfoque teórico se presenta una explicación sobre el rol que jugó la Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia y su Centro de Investigaciones del Café, Cenicafé, en la generación y gestión del conocimiento relacionado con la caficultura colombiana, y la transferencia de tecnología. Se realizó una cuidadosa revisión bibliográfica que posteriormente permitió seleccionar y clasificar la producción científica del Centro de Investigaciones del Café, para así poder identificar los principales campos en los que se concentró la generación y aplicación del conocimiento. El material bibliográfico se clasificó en dos categorías: a) el conocimiento proposicional, que hace referencia al conocimiento científico— los artículos científicos publicados en la revista de Cenicafé— y b) el conocimiento prescriptivo, que se refiere a conjuntos de técnicas e instrucciones de aplicación concreta —los documentos denominados «avances técnicos», libros y manuales, cartillas, boletines y brocartas—.Finalmente, el análisis de la información permitió concluir que, si bien los principales avances tecnológicos incorporados en la caficultura colombiana han sido orientados e impulsados desde el trabajo científico y tecnológico de Cenicafé, la generación de conocimiento científico como la transferencia de tecnología se focalizaron en la producción del grano, dejando de lado la agregación de valor moderno a través de la industrialización.

Este artículo analiza los procesos de transferencia de tecnología 4.0, las condiciones implicadas en ésta y las principales tendencias tecnológicas transferibles en América Latina. El enfoque de complejidad en el ecosistema permite explicar cómo los actores o subsistemas se (re)adaptan o (re)aprenden con base en su interacción sin ser gestionados por alguna entidad o componente específico. El proceso metodológico se basa en un análisis cienciométrico, uno temático con base en los proyectos financiados con recurso público de 2002 a 2018, y otro del ecosistema de innovación en la región emergente del Bajío mejicano. Los hallazgos muestran la relevancia de los organismos intermedios en el liderazgo social para la transferencia tecnológica. Big data, IoT y cloud computing son las principales tecnologías 4.0 potencialmente transferibles para responder a condiciones territoriales heterogéneas. This paper analysed the processes of technology transfer 4.0, its conditions and the main transferable technological trends in Latin America. The complexity approach in the ecosystem allowed to explain how the actors or subsystems are (re)adapted or (re)learned based on their interaction without being managed by any specific entity or component. The methodological process consisted of a scientometric analysis, a thematic analysis based on the projects financed with public resources from 2002 to 2018, and an analysis of the innovation ecosystem in the emerging region of the Mexican Bajío. The findings showed the relevance of intermediate organisms in social leadership for technology transfer; big data, IoT and cloud computing are the main technologies 4.0 that are potentially transferable to respond to territorial heterogeneous conditions. Este artigo analisou os processos de transferência de tecnologia 4.0, suas condições e as principais tendências tecnológicas transferíveis da América Latina. A abordagem de complexidade no ecossistema permitiu explicar como os atores ou subsistemas são (re)adaptados ou (re)aprendidos com base em sua interação sem serem gerenciados por nenhuma entidade ou componente específico. O processo metodológico consistiu em uma análise cientométrica, uma análise temática com base nos projetos financiados com recursos públicos de 2002 a 2018 e uma análise do ecossistema de inovação na região emergente do Bajío mexicano. Os resultados mostraram a relevância de organismos intermediários na liderança social para transferência de tecnologia; big data, IoT y cloud computing são as principais tecnologias 4.0 que são potencialmente transferíveis para responder a condições territoriais heterogêneas