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1. Report on G4‐Med, a Geant4 benchmarking system for medical physics applications developed by the Geant4 Medical Simulation Benchmarking Group

Author

Arce, P, Bolst, D, Bordage, M‐C, Brown, JMC, Cirrone, P, Cortés‐Giraldo, MA, Cutajar, D, Cuttone, G, Desorgher, L, Dondero, P, Dotti, A, Faddegon, B, Fedon, C, Guatelli, S, Incerti, S, Ivanchenko, V, Konstantinov, D, Kyriakou, I, Latyshev, G, Le, A, Mancini‐Terracciano, C, Maire, M, Mantero, A, Novak, M, Omachi, C, Pandola, L, Perales, A, Perrot, Y, Petringa, G, Quesada, JM, Ramos‐Méndez, J, Romano, F, Rosenfeld, AB, Sarmiento, LG, Sakata, D, Sasaki, T, Sechopoulos, I, Simpson, EC, Toshito, T, and Wright, DH

Subjects
Benchmarking, Computer Simulation, Monte Carlo Method, Physics, Radiometry, benchmarking, Geant4, medical physics, Monte Carlo, Other Physical Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Abstract

BackgroundGeant4 is a Monte Carlo code extensively used in medical physics for a wide range of applications, such as dosimetry, micro- and nanodosimetry, imaging, radiation protection, and nuclear medicine. Geant4 is continuously evolving, so it is crucial to have a system that benchmarks this Monte Carlo code for medical physics against reference data and to perform regression testing.AimsTo respond to these needs, we developed G4-Med, a benchmarking and regression testing system of Geant4 for medical physics.Materials and methodsG4-Med currently includes 18 tests. They range from the benchmarking of fundamental physics quantities to the testing of Monte Carlo simulation setups typical of medical physics applications. Both electromagnetic and hadronic physics processes and models within the prebuilt Geant4 physics lists are tested. The tests included in G4-Med are executed on the CERN computing infrastructure via the use of the geant-val web application, developed at CERN for Geant4 testing. The physical observables can be compared to reference data for benchmarking and to results of previous Geant4 versions for regression testing purposes.ResultsThis paper describes the tests included in G4-Med and shows the results derived from the benchmarking of Geant4 10.5 against reference data.DiscussionOur results indicate that the Geant4 electromagnetic physics constructor G4EmStandardPhysics_option4 gives a good agreement with the reference data for all the tests. The QGSP_BIC_HP physics list provided an overall adequate description of the physics involved in hadron therapy, including proton and carbon ion therapy. New tests should be included in the next stage of the project to extend the benchmarking to other physical quantities and application scenarios of interest for medical physics.ConclusionThe results presented and discussed in this paper will aid users in tailoring physics lists to their particular application.

Published
2021

4. Measurement of charm production in neutrino charged-current interactions

Author

Kayis-Topaksu, A., Önengüt, G., van Dantzig, R., de Jong, M., Oldeman, R. G. C., Güler, M., Köse, U., Tolun, P., Catanesi, M. G., Muciaccia, M. T., Winter, K., Van de Vyver, B., Vilain, P., Wilquet, G., Saitta, B., Di Capua, E., Ogawa, S., Shibuya, H., Hristova, I. R., Kawamura, T., Kolev, D., Meinhard, H., Panman, J., Rozanov, A., Tsenov, R., Uiterwijk, J. W. E., Zucchelli, P., Goldberg, J., Chikawa, M., Song, J. S., Yoon, C. S., Kodama, K., Ushida, N., Aoki, S., Hara, T., Delbar, T., Favart, D., Grégoire, G., Kalinin, S., Makhlioueva, I., Artamonov, A., Gorbunov, P., Khovansky, V., Shamanov, V., Tsukerman, I., Bruski, N., Frekers, D., Hoshino, K., Kawada, J., Komatsu, M., Miyanishi, M., Nakamura, M., Nakano, T., Narita, K., Niu, K., Niwa, K., Nonaka, N., Sato, O., Toshito, T., Buontempo, S., Cocco, A. G., D'Ambrosio, N., De Lellis, G., De Rosa, G., Di Capua, F., Fiorillo, G., Marotta, A., Messina, M., Migliozzi, P., Lavina, L. Scotto, Strolin, P., Tioukov, V., Okusawa, T., Dore, U., Loverre, P. F., Ludovici, L., Rosa, G., Santacesaria, R., Satta, A., Spada, F. R., Barbuto, E., Bozza, C., Grella, G., Romano, G., Sirignano, C., Sorrentino, S., Sato, Y., and Tezuka, I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The nuclear emulsion target of the CHORUS detector was exposed to the wide-band neutrino beam of the CERN SPS of 27 GeV average neutrino energy from 1994 to 1997. In total about 100000 charged-current neutrino interactions with at least one identified muon were located in the emulsion target and fully reconstructed, using newly developed automated scanning systems. Charmed particles were searched for by a program recognizing particle decays. The observation of the decay in nuclear emulsion makes it possible to select a sample with very low background and minimal kinematical bias. 2013 charged-current interactions with a charmed hadron candidate in the final state were selected and confirmed through visual inspection. The charm production rate induced by neutrinos relative to the charged-current cross-section is measured to be sigma(nu_mu N -> mu- C X)/sigma(CC) = (5.75 +-0.32 stat +-0.30 syst)%. The charm production cross-section as a function of the neutrino energy is also obtained. The results are in good agreement with previous measurements. The charm-quark hadronization produces the following charmed hadrons with relative fractions (in %): f_Dzero = 43.7+-4.5, f_Lambda_c^plus = 19.2+-4.2, f_Dplus = 25.3+-4.2, and f_D_splus = 11.8+-4.7., Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures

Published
2011
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5. Measurements of total and partial charge-changing cross sections for 200-400 MeV/nucleon 12C in water and polycarbonate

Author

Toshito, T., Kodama, K., Sihver, L., Yusa, K., Ozaki, M., Amako, K., Kameoka, S., Murakami, K., Sasaki, T., Aoki, S., Ban, T., Fukuda, T., Komatsu, M., Kubota, H., Naganawa, N., Nakamura, T., Nakano, T., Natsume, M., Niwa, K., Takahashi, S., Yoshida, J., Yoshida, H., Kanazawa, M., Kanematsu, N., Komori, M., Sato, S., Asai, M., Koi, T., Fukushima, C., Ogawa, S., Shibasaki, M., and Shibuya, H.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We have studied charged nuclear fragments produced by 200 - 400 MeV/nucleon carbon ions, interacting with water and polycarbonate, using a newly developed emulsion detector. Total and partial charge-changing cross sections for the production of B, Be, and Li fragments were measured and compared with both previously published measurements, and model predictions. This study is of importance for validating and improving carbon ion therapy treatment planning systems, and for estimating the radiological risks for personnel on space missions, since carbon is a significant component of the Galactic Cosmic Rays., Comment: 28 pages, 13 figures

Published
2007
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6. Emulsion Cloud Chamber technique to measure the fragmentation of a high-energy carbon beam

Author

De Lellis, G., Buontempo, S., Di Capua, F., Marotta, A., Migliozzi, P., Petukhov, Y., Pistillo, C., Russo, A., Lavina, L. Scotto, Strolin, P., Tioukov, V., Ariga, A., Naganawa, N., Toshito, T., Furusawa, Y., and Yasuda, N.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Beams of Carbon nuclei are used or planned to be used in various centers for cancer treatment around the world because of their therapeutic advantages over proton beams. The knowledge of the fragmentation of Carbon nuclei when they interact with the human body is important to evaluate the spatial profile of their energy deposition in the tissues, hence the damage to the tissues neighboring the tumor. In this respect, the identification of the fragmentation products is a key element. We present in this paper the charge measurement of about 3000 fragments produced by the interaction of $^{12}$C nuclei with an energy of 400 MeV/nucleon in a detector simulating the density of the human body. The nuclear emulsion technique is used, by means of the so-called Emulsion Cloud Chamber. In order to achieve the large dynamical range required for the charge measurement, the recently developed techniques of the emulsion controlled fading are used. The nuclear emulsions are inspected using fast automated microscopes recently developed. A charge assignment efficiency of more than 99% is achieved. The separation of Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Berillium, Boron and Carbon can be achieved at two standard deviations or considerably more, according to the track length available for the measurement., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures

Published
2007
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7. Ultracompact Compton camera for innovative gamma-ray imaging

Author

Kataoka, J., Kishimoto, A., Taya, T., Mochizuki, S., Tagawa, L., Koide, A., Sueoka, K., Morita, H., Maruhashi, T., Fujieda, K., Kurihara, T., Arimoto, M., Okochi, H., Katsumi, N., Kinno, S., Matsunaga, K., Ikeda, H., Shimosegawa, E., Hatazawa, J., Ohsuka, S., Toshito, T., Kimura, M., Nagao, Y., Yamaguchi, M., Kurita, K., and Kawachi, N.

Published
2018
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8. Search for Dark Matter WIMPs using Upward Through-going Muons in Super-Kamiokande

Author

Collaboration, Super-Kamiokande, Desai, S., Ashie, Y., Fukuda, S., Fukuda, Y., Ishihara, K., Itow, Y., Koshio, Y., Minamino, A., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Namba, T., Nambu, R., Obayashi, Y., Sakurai, N., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeuchi, H., Takeuchi, Y., Yamada, S., Ishitsuka, M., Kajita, T., Kaneyuki, K., Nakayama, S., Okada, A., Ooyabu, T., Saji, C., Earl, M., Kearns, E., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Walter, C. W., Wang, W., Goldhaber, M., Barszczak, T., Casper, D., Cravens, J. P., Gajewski, W., Kropp, W. R., Mine, S., Liu, D. W., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Sterner, C. W., Vagins, M. R., Ganezer, K. S., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Ellsworth, R. W., Tasaka, S., Guillian, G., Kibayashi, A., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Takemori, D., Messier, M. D., Hayato, Y., Ichikawa, A. K., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Iwashita, T., Kameda, J., Kobayashi, T., Maruyama, T., Nakamura, K., Nitta, K., Oyama, Y., Sakuda, M., Totsuka, Y., Suzuki, A. T., Hasegawa, M., Hayashi, K., Inagaki, T., Kato, I., Maesaka, H., Morita, T., Nakaya, T., Nishikawa, K., Sasaki, T., Ueda, S., Yamamoto, S., Haines, T. J., Dazeley, S., Hatakeyama, S., Svoboda, R., Blaufuss, E., Goodman, J. A., Sullivan, G. W., Turcan, D., Scholberg, K., Habig, A., Jung, C. K., Kato, T., Kobayashi, K., Malek, M., Mauger, C., McGrew, C., Sarrat, A., Sharkey, E., Yanagisawa, C., Toshito, T., Mitsuda, C., Miyano, K., Shibata, T., Kajiyama, Y., Nagashima, Y., Takita, M., Yoshida, M., Kim, H. I., Okazawa, H., Ishizuka, T., Choi, Y., Seo, H. K., Gando, Y., Hasegawa, T., Inoue, K., Shirai, J., Suzuki, A., Koshiba, M., Hashimoto, T., Nakajima, Y., Nishijima, K., Harada, T., Ishino, H., Morii, M., Nishimura, R., Watanabe, Y., Kielczewska, D., Zalipska, J., Gran, R., Shiraishi, K. K., Washburn, K., and Wilkes, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the results of indirect searches for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) with 1679.6 live days of data from the Super-Kamiokande detector using neutrino-induced upward through-going muons. The search is performed by looking for an excess of high energy muon neutrinos from WIMP annihilations in the Sun, the core of the Earth, and the Galactic Center, as compared to the number expected from the atmospheric neutrino background. No statistically significant excess was seen. We calculate flux limits in various angular cones around each of the above celestial objects. We obtain conservative model-independent upper limits on WIMP-nucleon cross-section as a function of WIMP mass and compare these results with the corresponding results from direct dark matter detection experiments., Comment: 10 pages, 14 figures, Submitted to Phys. Rev. D

Published
2004
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11. Recent developments in Geant4

Author

Allison, J., Amako, K., Apostolakis, J., Arce, P., Asai, M., Aso, T., Bagli, E., Bagulya, A., Banerjee, S., Barrand, G., Beck, B.R., Bogdanov, A.G., Brandt, D., Brown, J.M.C., Burkhardt, H., Canal, Ph., Cano-Ott, D., Chauvie, S., Cho, K., Cirrone, G.A.P., Cooperman, G., Cortés-Giraldo, M.A., Cosmo, G., Cuttone, G., Depaola, G., Desorgher, L., Dong, X., Dotti, A., Elvira, V.D., Folger, G., Francis, Z., Galoyan, A., Garnier, L., Gayer, M., Genser, K.L., Grichine, V.M., Guatelli, S., Guèye, P., Gumplinger, P., Howard, A.S., Hřivnáčová, I., Hwang, S., Incerti, S., Ivanchenko, A., Ivanchenko, V.N., Jones, F.W., Jun, S.Y., Kaitaniemi, P., Karakatsanis, N., Karamitros, M., Kelsey, M., Kimura, A., Koi, T., Kurashige, H., Lechner, A., Lee, S.B., Longo, F., Maire, M., Mancusi, D., Mantero, A., Mendoza, E., Morgan, B., Murakami, K., Nikitina, T., Pandola, L., Paprocki, P., Perl, J., Petrović, I., Pia, M.G., Pokorski, W., Quesada, J.M., Raine, M., Reis, M.A., Ribon, A., Ristić Fira, A., Romano, F., Russo, G., Santin, G., Sasaki, T., Sawkey, D., Shin, J.I., Strakovsky, I.I., Taborda, A., Tanaka, S., Tomé, B., Toshito, T., Tran, H.N., Truscott, P.R., Urban, L., Uzhinsky, V., Verbeke, J.M., Verderi, M., Wendt, B.L., Wenzel, H., Wright, D.H., Wright, D.M., Yamashita, T., Yarba, J., and Yoshida, H.

Published
2016
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12. Real-time and online adaptive particle therapy in 10 years: a Delphi consensus analysis

Author

Trenkova, P., Zhang, Y., Toshito, T., Heijmen, B., (0000-0003-4261-4214) Richter, C., Aznar, M., Albertini, F., Bolsi, A., Daartz, J., Knopf, A., Bertholet, J., Trenkova, P., Zhang, Y., Toshito, T., Heijmen, B., (0000-0003-4261-4214) Richter, C., Aznar, M., Albertini, F., Bolsi, A., Daartz, J., Knopf, A., and Bertholet, J.

Abstract

Real-time and online adaptive particle therapy in 10 years: a Delphi consensus analysis P. Trnkova1, Y. Zhang2, T. Toshito3, B. Heijmen4, C. Richter5, M. Aznar6, F. Albertini2, A. Bolsi2, J. Daartz7, A. Knopf2,8, J. Bertholet9 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria 2Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute; Villigen, Switzerland 3Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan 4Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), Rotterdam, the Netherlands 5 OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany 6 Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom 7Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02114, United States of America 8 Institute for Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, University for Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland. 9 Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland Purpose/objectives: To collect experts’ opinion on the future of Online Adaptive Particle Therapy (OAPT) and Real Time Motion Management (RRMM) for a vision with a ten-year horizon. Material/Methods: Following the POP-ART PT survey on current status [1], the present 3-round Delphi consensus study addresses the future of OAPT and RRMM with a panel of 11 experts using questionnaires. Second and third rounds were adapted based on the answers from the previous round to generate controlled opinion feedback (Figure 1). Full consensus (FC) or partial consensus (PC) were reached when all experts agreed or only one expert had a different opinion, respectively. R

Published
2023

13. A survey of practice patterns for real-time intrafractional motion-management in particle therapy

Author

Zhang, Y., Trnkova, P., Toshito, T., Heijmen, B., (0000-0003-4261-4214) Richter, C., Aznar, M., Albertini, F., Bolsi, A., Daartz, J., Bertholet, J., Knopf, A., Zhang, Y., Trnkova, P., Toshito, T., Heijmen, B., (0000-0003-4261-4214) Richter, C., Aznar, M., Albertini, F., Bolsi, A., Daartz, J., Bertholet, J., and Knopf, A.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Organ motion compromises accurate particle therapy delivery. This study reports on the practice patterns for real-time intrafractional motion-management in particle therapy to evaluate current clinical practice and wishes and barriers to implementation. Materials and methods: An institutional questionnaire was distributed to particle therapy centres worldwide (7/ 2020–6/2021) asking which type(s) of real-time respiratory motion management (RRMM) methods were used, for which treatment sites, and what were the wishes and barriers to implementation. This was followed by a three-round DELPHI consensus analysis (10/2022) to define recommendations on required actions and future vision. With 70 responses from 17 countries, response rate was 100% for Europe (23/23 centres), 96% for Japan (22/23) and 53% for USA (20/38). Results: Of the 68 clinically operational centres, 85% used RRMM, with 41% using both rescanning and active methods. Sixty-four percent used active-RRMM for at least one treatment site, mostly with gating guided by an external marker. Forty-eight percent of active-RRMM users wished to expand or change their RRMM technique. The main barriers were technical limitations and limited resources. From the DELPHI analysis, optimisation of rescanning parameters, improvement of motion models, and pre-treatment 4D evaluation were unanimously considered clinically important future focus. 4D dose calculation was identified as the top requirement for future commercial treatment planning software. Conclusion: A majority of particle therapy centres have implemented RRMM. Still, further development and clinical integration were desired by most centres. Joint industry, clinical and research efforts are needed to translate innovation into efficient workflows for broad-scale implementation.

Published
2023

14. A survey of practice patterns for adaptive particle therapy for interfractional changes

Author

Trnkova, P., Zhang, Y., Toshito, T., Heijmen, B., (0000-0003-4261-4214) Richter, C., Aznar, M. C., Albertini, F., Bolsi, A., Daartz, J., Knopf, A. C., Bertholet, J., Trnkova, P., Zhang, Y., Toshito, T., Heijmen, B., (0000-0003-4261-4214) Richter, C., Aznar, M. C., Albertini, F., Bolsi, A., Daartz, J., Knopf, A. C., and Bertholet, J.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Anatomical changes may compromise the planned target coverage and organs-at-risk dose in particle therapy. This study reports on the practice patterns for adaptive particle therapy (APT) to evaluate current clinical practice and wishes and barriers to further implementation. Materials and methods: An institutional questionnaire was distributed to PT centres worldwide (7/2020–6/2021) asking which type of APT was used, details of the workflow, and what the wishes and barriers to implementation were. Seventy centres from 17 countries participated. A three-round Delphi consensus analysis (10/2022) among the authors followed to define recommendations on required actions and future vision. Results: Out of the 68 clinically operational centres, 84% were users of APT for at least one treatment site with head and neck being most common. APT was mostly performed offline with only two online APT users (plan-library). No centre used online daily re-planning. Daily 3D imaging was used for APT by 19% of users. Sixty-eight percent of users had plans to increase their use or change their technique for APT. The main barrier was “lack of integrated and efficient workflows”. Automation and speed, reliable dose deformation for dose accumulation and higher quality of in-room volumetric imaging were identified as the most urgent task for clinical implementation of online daily APT. Conclusion: Offline APT was implemented by the majority of PT centres. Joint efforts between industry research and clinics are needed to translate innovations into efficient and clinically feasible workflows for broad-scale implementation of online APT.

Published
2023

16. Patterns Of Practice for Adaptive and Real-Time Particle Therapy (POP-ART PT), part II: Plan adaptation for interfractional changes

Author

Trnkova, P., Zhang, Y., Toshito, T., Heijmen, B., (0000-0003-4261-4214) Richter, C., Aznar, M., Bolsi, A., Daartz, J., Knopf, A., Bertholet, J., Trnkova, P., Zhang, Y., Toshito, T., Heijmen, B., (0000-0003-4261-4214) Richter, C., Aznar, M., Bolsi, A., Daartz, J., Knopf, A., and Bertholet, J.

Abstract

Real-time respiratory motion management (RRMM, intra-fraction geometrical intervention) and Adaptive Particle Therapy (APT, inter-fraction adaptation of treatment plans) enable to account for anatomical variations and changes to optimize target coverage and organs-at-risk sparing. However, their current clinical implementation is unclear and expected to be highly heterogeneous. An institutional questionnaire, Patterns Of Practice for Adaptive and Real-Time Particle Therapy (POP-ART-PT), was distributed between 2021/01-06 to evaluate current clinical practice and wishes and barriers of the implementation. Here, we summarise the international survey results on APT for mitigation of interfractional anatomical changes from 70 particle therapy centers in 17 countries. The response rate was 100% for Europe, 96% for Japan and 53% for USA. Of the 68 centers in operation, 84% (Figure1a) were APT users for at least one treatment site, with head and neck being the most common. APT was mostly performed offline (ad-hoc or per protocol) with only two users of online APT (plan library) and none using online daily replanning. Plan adaptation was in all cases motivated by both, target and OAR dose considerations (Figure1b). The most common imaging modality guiding APT was X-ray computed tomography. Sixty-eight percent of users plan to increase or change their APT technique. The greatest barriers to implementation were lack of integrated and efficient workflows and human resources (Figure2) Offline APT has been widely implemented internationally, but online APT is still very rarely used. More research and development for integrated and efficient workflow is needed to facilitate the use of offline APT and enable online APT.

Published
2022

21. Associated charm production in neutrino–nucleus interactions

Author

Kayis-Topaksu, A., Önengüt, G., van Dantzig, R., de Jong, M., Oldeman, R.G.C., Güler, M., Köse, U., Tolun, P., Catanesi, M.G., Muciaccia, M.T., Winter, K., Van de Vyver, B., Vilain, P., Wilquet, G., Saitta, B., Di Capua, E., Ogawa, S., Shibuya, H., Hristova, I.R., Kawamura, T., Kolev, D., Meinhard, H., Panman, J., Rozanov, A., Tsenov, R., Uiterwijk, J.W.E., Zucchelli, P., Goldberg, J., Chikawa, M., Song, J.S., Yoon, C.S., Kodama, K., Ushida, N., Aoki, S., Hara, T., Delbar, T., Favart, D., Grégoire, G., Kalinin, S., Makhlioueva, I., Artamonov, A., Gorbunov, P., Khovansky, V., Shamanov, V., Tsukerman, I., Bruski, N., Frekers, D., Hoshino, K., Kawada, J., Komatsu, M., Miyanishi, M., Nakamura, M., Nakano, T., Narita, K., Niu, K., Niwa, K., Nonaka, N., Sato, O., Toshito, T., Buontempo, S., Cocco, A.G., D’Ambrosio, N., De Lellis, G., De Rosa, G., Di Capua, F., Fiorillo, G., Marotta, A., Migliozzi, P., Scotto Lavina, L., Strolin, P., Tioukov, V., Okusawa, T., Dore, U., Loverre, P.F., Ludovici, L., Rosa, G., Santacesaria, R., Satta, A., Spada, F.R., Barbuto, E., Bozza, C., Grella, G., Romano, G., Sirignano, C., Sorrentino, S., Sato, Y., Tezuka, I., and The CHORUS Collaboration

Published
2007
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22. Charged-particle multiplicities in charged-current neutrino– and anti-neutrino–nucleus interactions

Author

Kayis-Topaksu, A., Önengüt, G., van Dantzig, R., de Jong, M., Oldeman, R.G.C., Güler, M., Köse, U., Tolun, P., Catanesi, M.G., Muciaccia, M.T., Winter, K., Van de Vyver, B., Vilain, P., Wilquet, G., Saitta, B., Di Capua, E., Ogawa, S., Shibuya, H., Hristova, I.R., Kawamura, T., Kolev, D., Meinhard, H., Panman, J., Rozanov, A., Tsenov, R., Uiterwijk, J.W.E., Zucchelli, P., Goldberg, J., Chikawa, M., Song, J.S., Yoon, C.S., Kodama, K., Ushida, N., Aoki, S., Hara, T., Delbar, T., Favart, D., Grégoire, G., Kalinin, S., Makhlioueva, I., Artamonov, A., Gorbunov, P., Khovansky, V., Shamanov, V., Tsukerman, I., Bruski, N., Frekers, D., Hoshino, K., Kawada, J., Komatsu, M., Miyanishi, M., Nakamura, M., Nakano, T., Narita, K., Niu, K., Niwa, K., Nonaka, N., Sato, O., Toshito, T., Buontempo, S., Cocco, A.G., D’Ambrosio, N., De Lellis, G., De Rosa, G., Di Capua, F., Fiorillo, G., Marotta, A., Migliozzi, P., Scotto Lavina, L., Strolin, P., Tioukov, V., Okusawa, T., Dore, U., Loverre, P.F., Ludovici, L., Rosa, G., Santacesaria, R., Satta, A., Spada, F.R., Barbuto, E., Bozza, C., Grella, G., Romano, G., Sirignano, C., Sorrentino, S., Sato, Y., Tezuka, I., and The CHORUS Collaboration

Published
2007
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23. Report on G4-Med, a Geant4 benchmarking system for medical physics applications developed by the Geant4 Medical Simulation Benchmarking Group

Author

Arce, P., Bolst, D., Bordage, M.C., Brown, J.M., Cirrone, P., Cortes-Giraldo, M.A., Cutajar, D., Cuttone, G., Desorgher, L., Dondero, P., Dotti, A., Faddegon, B., Fedon, C., Guatelli, S., Incerti, S., Ivanchenko, V., Konstantinov, D., Kyriakou, I., Latyshev, G., Le, A., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Maire, M., Mantero, A., Novak, M., Omachi, C., Pandola, L., Perales, A., Perrot, Y., Petringa, G., Quesada, J.M., Ramos-Mendez, J., Romano, F., Rosenfeld, A.B., Sarmiento, L.G., Sakata, D., Sasaki, T., Sechopoulos, I., Simpson, E.C., Toshito, T., Wright, D.H., Arce, P., Bolst, D., Bordage, M.C., Brown, J.M., Cirrone, P., Cortes-Giraldo, M.A., Cutajar, D., Cuttone, G., Desorgher, L., Dondero, P., Dotti, A., Faddegon, B., Fedon, C., Guatelli, S., Incerti, S., Ivanchenko, V., Konstantinov, D., Kyriakou, I., Latyshev, G., Le, A., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Maire, M., Mantero, A., Novak, M., Omachi, C., Pandola, L., Perales, A., Perrot, Y., Petringa, G., Quesada, J.M., Ramos-Mendez, J., Romano, F., Rosenfeld, A.B., Sarmiento, L.G., Sakata, D., Sasaki, T., Sechopoulos, I., Simpson, E.C., Toshito, T., and Wright, D.H.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, BACKGROUND: Geant4 is a Monte Carlo code extensively used in medical physics for a wide range of applications, such as dosimetry, micro- and nanodosimetry, imaging, radiation protection, and nuclear medicine. Geant4 is continuously evolving, so it is crucial to have a system that benchmarks this Monte Carlo code for medical physics against reference data and to perform regression testing. AIMS: To respond to these needs, we developed G4-Med, a benchmarking and regression testing system of Geant4 for medical physics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: G4-Med currently includes 18 tests. They range from the benchmarking of fundamental physics quantities to the testing of Monte Carlo simulation setups typical of medical physics applications. Both electromagnetic and hadronic physics processes and models within the prebuilt Geant4 physics lists are tested. The tests included in G4-Med are executed on the CERN computing infrastructure via the use of the geant-val web application, developed at CERN for Geant4 testing. The physical observables can be compared to reference data for benchmarking and to results of previous Geant4 versions for regression testing purposes. RESULTS: This paper describes the tests included in G4-Med and shows the results derived from the benchmarking of Geant4 10.5 against reference data. DISCUSSION: Our results indicate that the Geant4 electromagnetic physics constructor G4EmStandardPhysics_option4 gives a good agreement with the reference data for all the tests. The QGSP_BIC_HP physics list provided an overall adequate description of the physics involved in hadron therapy, including proton and carbon ion therapy. New tests should be included in the next stage of the project to extend the benchmarking to other physical quantities and application scenarios of interest for medical physics. CONCLUSION: The results presented and discussed in this paper will aid users in tailoring physics lists to their particular application.

Published
2021

25. Momentum measurement of secondary particle by multiple coulomb scattering with emulsion cloud chamber in DONuT experiment

Author

Kodama, K., Saoulidou, N., Tzanakos, G., Baller, B., Lundberg, B., Rameika, R., Song, J.S., Yoon, C.S., Chung, S.H., Aoki, S., Hara, T., Erickson, C., Heller, K., Schwienhorst, R., Sielaff, J., Trammell, J., Hoshino, K., Kawada, J., Komatsu, M., Miyanishi, M., Nakamura, M., Nakano, T., Narita, K., Niwa, K., Nonaka, N., Okada, K., Sato, O., Toshito, T., Miyamoto, S., Takahashi, S., Park, B.D., Furukawa, T., Paolone, V., and Kafka, T.

Published
2007
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26. A Micro Segment Chamber for the cosmic-ray balloon experiment

Author

Kodama, K., Nonoyama, Y., Kobayashi, T., Satoh, K., Song, J.S., Nishimura, J., Saito, Y., Yamagami, T., Aoki, S., Hara, M., Hara, T., Kirimura, J., Ariga, A., Ban, T., Fukuda, T., Hiramatsu, S., Hoshino, K., Kawada, J., Koike, N., Komatsu, M., Miyamoto, S., Miyanishi, M., Naganawa, N., Nakamura, M., Nakamura, T., Nakano, T., Narita, K., Natsume, M., Niwa, K., Nonaka, N., Park, B.D., Sato, O., Takahashi, S., Toshito, T., Ohmori, R., Sato, Y., and Tezuka, I.

Published
2006
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28. The OPERA film: New nuclear emulsion for large-scale, high-precision experiments

Author

Nakamura, Taku, Ariga, A., Ban, T., Fukuda, Takako, Fukuda, Tutomu, Fujioka, T., Furukawa, T., Hamada, K., Hayashi, H., Hiramatsu, S., Hoshino, K., Kawada, J., Koike, N., Komatsu, M., Matsuoka, H., Miyamoto, S., Miyanishi, K., Miyanishi, M., Morishima, K., Nada, H., Naganawa, N., Nakano, T., Narita, K., Natsume, M., Niwa, K., Nonaka, N., Park, B.D., Sato, O., Takahashi, S., Toshito, T., Uetake, T., Nakamura, M., Kuwabara, K., Nishiyama, S., Nonoyama, Y., and Kodama, K.

Published
2006
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29. Report on G4‐Med, a Geant4 benchmarking system for medical physics applications developed by the Geant4 Medical Simulation Benchmarking Group

Author

Arce, P., primary, Bolst, D., additional, Bordage, M.‐C., additional, Brown, J. M. C., additional, Cirrone, P., additional, Cortés‐Giraldo, M. A., additional, Cutajar, D., additional, Cuttone, G., additional, Desorgher, L., additional, Dondero, P., additional, Dotti, A., additional, Faddegon, B., additional, Fedon, C., additional, Guatelli, S., additional, Incerti, S., additional, Ivanchenko, V., additional, Konstantinov, D., additional, Kyriakou, I., additional, Latyshev, G., additional, Le, A., additional, Mancini‐Terracciano, C., additional, Maire, M., additional, Mantero, A., additional, Novak, M., additional, Omachi, C., additional, Pandola, L., additional, Perales, A., additional, Perrot, Y., additional, Petringa, G., additional, Quesada, J. M., additional, Ramos‐Méndez, J., additional, Romano, F., additional, Rosenfeld, A. B., additional, Sarmiento, L. G., additional, Sakata, D., additional, Sasaki, T., additional, Sechopoulos, I., additional, Simpson, E. C., additional, Toshito, T., additional, and Wright, D. H., additional

Published
2020
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30. The 3-Year Patient-Reported Outcomes of Moderate Hypofractionation (3 GyE Per Fraction) and Conventional Fractionation (2 GyE Per Fraction) Proton Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer

Author

Nakajima, K., primary, Iwata, H., additional, Hattori, Y., additional, Hashimoto, S., additional, Nomura, K., additional, Hayashi, K., additional, Toshito, T., additional, Baba, F., additional, Mizoe, J.E., additional, Ogino, H., additional, and Shibamoto, Y., additional

Published
2020
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34. Identification of neutrino interactions using the DONUT spectrometer

Author

Kodama, K, Andreopoulos, C, Giokaris, N, Saoulidou, N, Tzanakos, G, Baller, B, Boehnlein, D, Lundberg, B, Rameika, R, Song, J.S, Yoon, C.S, Chung, S.H, Berghaus, P, Kubantsev, M, Reay, N.W, Sidwell, R, Stanton, N, Yoshida, S, Aoki, S, Hara, T, Ciampa, D, Erickson, C, Heller, K, Rusack, R, Graham, M, Schwienhorst, R, Sielaff, J, Trammell, J, Wilcox, J, Hoshino, K, Jiko, H, Kawada, J, Kawai, T, Komatsu, M, Matsuoka, H, Miyanishi, M, Nakamura, M, Nakano, T, Narita, K, Niwa, K, Nonaka, N, Okada, K, Sato, O, Toshito, T, Akdogan, T, Kulik, A, Paolone, V, Rosenfeld, C, Kafka, T, Oliver, W, Schneps, J, and Skender, M

Published
2004
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36. The Super-Kamiokande detector

Author

Fukuda, S., Fukuda, Y., Hayakawa, T., Ichihara, E., Ishitsuka, M., Itow, Y., Kajita, T., Kameda, J., Kaneyuki, K., Kasuga, S., Kobayashi, K., Kobayashi, Y., Koshio, Y., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Namba, T., Obayashi, Y., Okada, A., Oketa, M., Okumura, K., Oyabu, T., Sakurai, N., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Toshito, T., Totsuka, Y., Yamada, S., Desai, S., Earl, M., Hong, J.T., Kearns, E., Masuzawa, M., Messier, M.D., Stone, J.L., Sulak, L.R., Walter, C.W., Wang, W., Scholberg, K., Barszczak, T., Casper, D., Liu, D.W., Gajewski, W., Halverson, P.G., Hsu, J., Kropp, W.R., Mine, S., Price, L.R., Reines, F., Smy, M., Sobel, H.W., Vagins, M.R., Ganezer, K.S., Keig, W.E., Ellsworth, R.W., Tasaka, S., Flanagan, J.W., Kibayashi, A., Learned, J.G., Matsuno, S., Stenger, V.J., Hayato, Y., Ishii, T., Ichikawa, A., Kanzaki, J., Kobayashi, T., Maruyama, T., Nakamura, K., Oyama, Y., Sakai, A., Sakuda, M., Sasaki, O., Echigo, S., Iwashita, T., Kohama, M., Suzuki, A.T., Hasegawa, M., Inagaki, T., Kato, I., Maesaka, H., Nakaya, T., Nishikawa, K., Yamamoto, S., Haines, T.J., Kim, B.K., Sanford, R., Svoboda, R., Blaufuss, E., Chen, M.L., Conner, Z., Goodman, J.A., Guillian, E., Sullivan, G.W., Turcan, D., Habig, A., Ackerman, M., Goebel, F., Hill, J., Jung, C.K., Kato, T., Kerr, D., Malek, M., Martens, K., Mauger, C., McGrew, C., Sharkey, E., Viren, B., Yanagisawa, C., Doki, W., Inaba, S., Ito, K., Kirisawa, M., Kitaguchi, M., Mitsuda, C., Miyano, K., Saji, C., Takahata, M., Takahashi, M., Higuchi, K., Kajiyama, Y., Kusano, A., Nagashima, Y., Nitta, K., Takita, M., Yamaguchi, T., Yoshida, M., Kim, H.I., Kim, S.B., Yoo, J., Okazawa, H., Etoh, M., Fujita, K., Gando, Y., Hasegawa, A., Hasegawa, T., Hatakeyama, S., Inoue, K., Ishihara, K., Iwamoto, T., Koga, M., Nishiyama, I., Ogawa, H., Shirai, J., Suzuki, A., Takayama, T., Tsushima, F., Koshiba, M., Ichikawa, Y., Hashimoto, T., Hatakeyama, Y., Koike, M., Horiuchi, T., Nemoto, M., Nishijima, K., Takeda, H., Fujiyasu, H., Futagami, T., Ishino, H., Kanaya, Y., Morii, M., Nishihama, H., Nishimura, H., Suzuki, T., Watanabe, Y., Kielczewska, D., Golebiewska, U., Berns, H.G., Boyd, S.B., Doyle, R.A., George, J.S., Stachyra, A.L., Wai, L.L., Wilkes, R.J., Young, K.K., and Kobayashi, H.

Published
2003
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38. Phase II Study of Concurrent Chemoproton Therapy Using Adaptive Planning for Stage III Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Author

Iwata, H., primary, Akita, K., additional, Ogino, H., additional, Yamaba, Y., additional, Mori, Y., additional, Yoshihara, M., additional, Nakajima, K., additional, Hashimoto, S., additional, Hattori, Y., additional, Hayashi, K., additional, Toshito, T., additional, Baba, F., additional, Nakamae, K., additional, Mizoe, J.E., additional, and Shibamoto, Y., additional

Published
2019
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41. Detection and analysis of tau–neutrino interactions in DONUT emulsion target

Author

Kodama, K, Saoulidou, N, Tzanakos, G, Baller, B, Lundberg, B, Rameika, R, Song, J.S, Yoon, C.S, Chung, S.H, Aoki, S, Hara, T, Erickson, C, Heller, K, Schwienhorst, R, Sielaff, J, Trammell, J, Hoshino, K, Jiko, H, Kawada, J, Kawai, T, Komatsu, M, Matsuoka, H, Miyanishi, M, Nakamura, M, Nakano, T, Narita, K, Niwa, K, Nonaka, N, Okada, K, Sato, O, Toshito, T, Paolone, V, and Kafka, T

Published
2002
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42. 16N as a calibration source for Super-Kamiokande

Author

Blaufuss, E, Guillian, G, Fukuda, Y, Fukuda, S, Ishitsuka, M, Itow, Y, Kajita, T, Kameda, J, Kaneyuki, K, Kobayashi, K, Kobayashi, Y, Koshio, Y, Miura, M, Moriyama, S, Nakahata, M, Nakayama, S, Obayashi, Y, Okada, A, Okumura, K, Sakurai, N, Shiozawa, M, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, H, Takeuchi, Y, Toshito, T, Totsuka, Y, Yamada, S, Earl, M, Habig, A, Kearns, E, Messier, M.D, Scholberg, K, Stone, J.L, Sulak, L.R, Walter, C.W, Goldhaber, M, Barszczak, T, Casper, D, Gajewski, W, Kropp, W.R, Mine, S, Price, L.R, Smy, M, Sobel, H.W, Vagins, M.R, Ganezer, K.S, Keig, W.E, Ellsworth, R.W, Tasaka, S, Kibayashi, A, Learned, J.G, Matsuno, S, Takemori, D, Hayato, Y, Ishii, T, Kobayashi, T, Nakamura, K, Oyama, Y, Sakai, A, Sakuda, M, Sasaki, O, Echigo, S, Kohama, M, Suzuki, A.T, Inagaki, T, Nishikawa, K, Haines, T.J, Kim, B.K, Sanford, R, Svoboda, R, Chen, M.L, Goodman, J.A, Sullivan, G.W, Hill, J, Jung, C.K, Martens, K, Malek, M, Mauger, C, McGrew, C, Sharkey, E, Viren, B, Yanagisawa, C, Kirisawa, M, Inaba, S, Mitsuda, C, Miyano, K, Okazawa, H, Saji, C, Takahashi, M, Takahata, M, Nagashima, Y, Nitta, K, Takita, M, Yoshida, M, Kim, S.B, Etoh, M, Gando, Y, Hasegawa, T, Inoue, K, Ishihara, K, Maruyama, T, Shirai, J, Suzuki, A, Koshiba, M, Hatakeyama, Y, Ichikawa, Y, Koike, M, Nishijima, K, Fujiyasu, H, Ishino, H, Morii, M, Watanabe, Y, Golebiewska, U, Kielczewska, D, Boyd, S.C, Stachyra, A.L, Wilkes, R.J, and Young, K.K

Published
2001
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43. Design, construction, and operation of SciFi tracking detector for K2K experiment

Author

Suzuki, A, Park, H, Aoki, S, Echigo, S, Fujii, K, Hara, T, Iwashita, T, Kitamura, M, Kohama, M, Kume, G, Onchi, M, Otaki, T, Sato, K, Takatsuki, M, Takenaka, K, Tanaka, Y, Tashiro, K, Inagaki, T, Kato, I, Mukai, S, Nakaya, T, Nishikawa, K, Sasao, N, Shima, A, Yokoyama, H, Chikamatsu, T, Hayato, Y, Ishida, T, Ishii, T, Ishino, H, Jeon, E.J, Kobayashi, T, Lee, S.B, Nakamura, K, Oyama, Y, Sakai, A, Sakuda, M, Tumakov, V, Fukuda, S, Fukuda, Y, Ishizuka, M, Itow, Y, Kajita, T, Kameda, J, Kaneyuki, K, Kobayashi, K, Kobayashi, Y, Koshio, Y, Miura, M, Moriyama, S, Nakahata, M, Nakayama, S, Obayashi, Y, Okada, A, Sakurai, N, Shiozawa, M, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, H, Takeuchi, Y, Totsuka, Y, Toshito, T, Yamada, S, Miyano, K, Nakamura, M, Tamura, N, Nakano, I, Yoshida, M, Kadowaki, T, Kishi, S, Maruyama, T, Etoh, M, Nishijima, K, Bhang, H.C, Khang, B.H, Kim, B.J, Kim, H.I, Kim, J.H, Kim, S.B, So, H, Yoo, J.H, Choi, J.H, Jang, H.I, Jang, J.S, Kim, J.Y, Lim, I.T, Pac, M.Y, Kearns, E, Scholberg, K, Stone, J.L, Sulak, L.R, Walter, C.W, Casper, D, Gajewski, W, Kropp, W, Mine, S, Sobel, H, Vagins, M, Matsuno, S, Hill, J, Jung, C.K, Martens, K, Mauger, C, McGrew, C, Sharkey, E, Yanagisawa, C, Berns, H, Boyd, S, Wilkes, J, Kielczewska, D, and Golebiewska, U

Published
2000
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44. Phase II Study of Image-Guided Proton Therapy for Solitary Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Indication for Standard Treatment

Author

Iwata, H., primary, Ogino, H., additional, Hattori, Y., additional, Hashimoto, S., additional, Nakajima, K., additional, Hayashi, K., additional, Toshito, T., additional, Sasaki, S., additional, Baba, F., additional, Kuwabara, Y., additional, Senoo, K., additional, Mizoe, J.E., additional, and Shibamoto, Y., additional

Published
2018
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45. Effect of a Device-Free Compressed Shell Fixation Method on Hepatic Respiratory Movement

Author

Hashimoto, S., primary, Katsurada, M., additional, Muramatsu, R., additional, Asai, K., additional, Shimomura, A., additional, Ueki, K., additional, Kino, H., additional, Yoshida, A., additional, Tanaka, K., additional, Hayashi, K., additional, Kimura, M., additional, Kibe, Y., additional, Omachi, C., additional, Toshito, T., additional, Nakajima, K., additional, Hattori, Y., additional, Iwata, H., additional, Mizoe, J.E., additional, Ogino, H., additional, and Shibamoto, Y., additional

Published
2018
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46. Effects of Proton Beams and X Rays on the Cell Cycle of Fluorescent Ubiquitination-Based Cell Cycle Indicator (Fucci)-Expressing Cells

Author

Iwata, H., primary, Shuto, T., additional, Kamei, S., additional, Omachi, K., additional, Moriuchi, M., additional, Omachi, C., additional, Toshito, T., additional, Nagayoshi, J., additional, Nakajima, K., additional, Hashimoto, S., additional, Ogino, H., additional, Mizoe, J.E., additional, Kai, H., additional, and Shibamoto, Y., additional

Published
2018
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48. Measurement of charm production in antineutrino charged-current interactions

Author

Onengüt, G, Van Dantzig, R, De Jong, M, Konijn, J, Melzer, O, Oldeman, R G C, Pesen, E, Van der Poel, C A F J, Visschers, J L, Güler, M, Köse, U, Serin-Zeyrek, M, Kama, S, Sever, R, Tolun, P, Zeyrek, M T, Catanesi, M G, De Serio, M, Ieva, M, Muciaccia, M T, Radicioni, E, Simone, S, Bülte, A, Winter, Klaus, Van de Vyver, B, Vilain, P, Wilquet, G, Saitta, B, Di Capua, E, Ogawa, S, Shibuya, H, Artamonov, A V, Brunner, J, Chizhov, M, Cussans, D G, Doucet, M, Fabre, Jean-Paul, Hristova, I R, Kawamura, T, Kolev, D, Litmaath, M, Meinhard, H, Panman, J, Papadopoulos, I M, Ricciardi, S, Rozanov, A, Saltzberg, D, Tsenov, R V, Uiterwijk, J W E, Zucchelli, P, Goldberg, J, Chikawa, M, Arik, E, Song, J S, Yoon, C S, Kodama, K, Ushida, N, Aoki, S, Hara, T, Delbar, T, Favart, D, Grégoire, G, Kalinin, S, Makhlyoueva, I V, Gorbunov, P, Khovanskii, V D, Shamanov, V V, Tsukerman, I, Bruski, N, Frekers, D, Rondeshagen, D, Wolff, T, Hoshino, K, Kawada, J, Komatsu, M, Miyanishi, M, Nakamura, M, Nakano, T, Narita, K, Niu, K, Niwa, K, Nonaka, N, Sato, O, Toshito, T, Buontempo, S, Cocco, A G, D'Ambrosio, N, De Lellis, G, De Rosa, G, Di Capua, F, Ereditato, A, Fiorillo, G, Marotta, A, Messina, M, Migliozzi, P, Pistillo, C, Santorelli, R, Scotto-Lavina, L, Strolin, P, Tioukov, V, Nakamura, K, Okusawa, T, Dore, U, FLoverre, P, Ludovici, L, Maslennikov, A L, Righini, P, Rosa, G, Santacesaria, R, Satta, A, Spada, F R, Barbuto, E, Bozza, C, Grella, G, Romano, G, Sirignano, C, Sorrentino, S, Sato, Y, Tezuka, I, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), UCL - SC/PHYS - Département de physique, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Önengüt, G., van Dantzig, R., de Jong, M., Melzer, O., Oldeman, R. G. C., Pesen, E., Visschers, J. L., Güler, M., Köse, U., Serin Zeyrek, M., Sever, R., Tolun, P., Zeyrek, M. T., Catanesi, M. G., De Serio, M., Ieva, M., Muciaccia, M. T., Radicioni, E., Simone, S., Bülte, A., Winter, K., Van de Vyver, B., Vilain, P., Wilquet, G., Saitta, B., Di Capua, E., Ogawa, S., Shibuya, H., Artamonov, A., Chizhov, M., Doucet, M., Hristova, I. R., Kayis Topaksu, A., Kawamura, T., Kolev, D., Meinhard, H., Panman, J., Papadopoulos, I. M., Ricciardi, S., Rozanov, A., Tsenov, R., Uiterwijk, J. W. E., Zucchelli, P., Goldberg, J., Chikawa, M., Arik, E., Song, J. S., Yoon, C. S., Kodama, K., Ushida, N., Aoki, S., Hara, T., Delbar, T., Favart, D., Grégoire, G., Kalinin, S., Makhlioueva, I., Gorbunov, P., Khovansky, V., Shamanov, V., Tsukerman, I., Bruski, N., Frekers, D., Hoshino, K., Kawada, J., Komatsu, M., Miyanishi, M., Nakamura, M., Nakano, T., Narita, K., Niu, K., Niwa, K., Nonaka, N., Sato, O., Toshito, T., Buontempo, S., Cocco, A. G., D'Ambrosio, N., De Lellis, G., De Rosa, G., DI CAPUA, Francesco, Ereditato, A., Fiorillo, Giuliana, Marotta, A., Messina, M., Migliozzi, P., Pistillo, C., Scotto Lavina, L., Strolin, P., Tioukov, V., Nakamura, K., Okusawa, T., Dore, U., Loverre, P. F., Ludovici, L., Righini, P., Rosa, G., Santacesaria, R., Satta, A., Spada, F. R., Barbuto, E., Bozza, C., Grella, G., Romano, G., Sirignano, C., Sorrentino, S., Sato, Y., Tezuka, I., G., Onengut, R. v., Dantzig, M. d., Jong, O., Melzer, R. G., C., E., Pesen, J. L., Visscher, M., Guler, U., Kose, M., Serin Zeyrek, R., Sever, P., Tolun, M. T., Zeyrek, M. G., Catanesi, M. D., Serio, M., Ieva, M. T., Muciaccia, E., Radicioni, S., Simone, A., Bulte, K., Winter, B. V., De, P., Vilain, G., Wilquet, B., Saitta, E. D., Capua, S., Ogawa, H., Shibuya, A., Artamonov, M., Chizhov, M., Doucet, I. R., Hristova, A., Kayis Topaksu, T., Kawamura, D., Kolev, H., Meinhard, J., Panman, I. M., Papadopoulo, S., Ricciardi, A., Rozanov, R., Tsenov, J. W., E., P., Zucchelli, J., Goldberg, M., Chikawa, J. S., Song, C. S., Yoon, K., Kodama, N., Ushida, S., Aoki, T., Hara, T., Delbar, D., Favart, G., Gregoire, S., Kalinin, I., Makhlioueva, P., Gorbunov, V., Khovansky, V., Shamanov, I., Tsukerman, N., Bruski, D., Freker, K., Hoshino, J., Kawada, M., Komatsu, M., Miyanishi, M., Nakamura, T., Nakano, K., Narita, K., Niu, K., Niwa, N., Nonaka, O., Sato, T., Toshito, S., Buontempo, A. G., Cocco, N., D'Ambrosio, DE LELLIS, Giovanni, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, A., Ereditato, A., Marotta, M., Messina, P., Migliozzi, C., Pistillo, L. S., Lavina, P., Strolin, V., Tioukov, K., Nakamura, T., Okusawa, U., Dore, P. F., Loverre, L., Ludovici, P., Righini, G., Rosa, R., Santacesaria, A., Satta, F. R., Spada, E., Barbuto, C., Bozza, G., Grella, G., Romano, C., Sirignano, S., Sorrentino, Y., Sato, and I., Tezuka

Subjects
Physics, NEUTRINO INTERACTIONS, CHORUS EXPERIMENT, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Charge (physics), BEAMS, EVENTS, Nuclear physics, OPPOSITE-SIGN DIMUONS, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Charm (quantum number), Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment, Charged current, Beam (structure)
Abstract

During the years 1994-1997, the emulsion target of the CHORUS detector was exposed to the wide-band neutrino beam of the CERN SPS collecting about 10 6 neutrino interactions. A measurement of ?¯µ-induced charm production is performed by using the presence of a 5% ?¯µ component in the ?µ beam. The measurement takes advantage of the capability to observe the decay topology in the emulsion. The analysis is based on a sample of charged-current interactions with at least one identified muon. About 100000 were located in the emulsion target and fully reconstructed. By requiring a positive muon charge as determined by the CHORUS muon spectrometer, 32?¯µ-induced charm events were observed with an estimated background of 3.2 events. At an average antineutrino energy in the neutrino beam of 18 GeV, the charm production rate induced by antineutrinos is measured to be ?(?¯µN›µ+c¯X)/?(?¯µN›µ+X) =(5.0-0.9+1.4(stat)±0.7(syst))%. The ratio between neutral and charged charm production rates in this process is (2.6-1.0+1.7(stat)±0.8(syst)). The charm production rate as a function of the antineutrino energy is found to be in good agreement with previous results derived from di-lepton data. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan Grant Foundation: KRF-2003-005-C00014 Israel Science Foundation: 328/94 CERN Brussels Instituut voor Milieubeheer Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter Korean Foundation for Cancer Research We gratefully acknowledge the help and support of the neutrino-beam staff and of the numerous technical collaborators who contributed to the detector construction, operation, emulsion pouring, development, and scanning. The experiment was made possible by grants from the Institut Interuniversitaire des Sciences Nucléaires and the Interuniversitair Instituut voor Kernwetenschappen (Belgium); the Israel Science Foundation (Grant 328/94) and the Technion Vice President Fund for the Promotion of Research (Israel); CERN (Geneva, Switzerland); the German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Germany); the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (Moscow, Russia); the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy); the Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan); Korea Research Foundation Grant (KRF-2003-005-C00014) (Republic of Korea); the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter FOM and the National Scientific Research Organization NWO (The Netherlands); and the Scientific, and Technical Research Council of Turkey (Turkey). We gratefully acknowledge their support.

Published
2004
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49. Measurement of the Deposited Energy of Tracks of High-Energy Particles Using the Line Density of Latent Image Specks

Author

Kubota, H., Toshito, T., and Nakamura, M.

Abstract

A new method to obtain the line density of latent image specks (LDLISs) on nuclear emulsion plates has been developed in order to measure the deposited energy of high-energy particles. This is achieved by using techniques incorporating gold deposition developer, ultramicrotomy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A fine and spherical gold particle is formed on each LIS by the developer, and tracks of the particles are observed by TEM, which also records the shape of the tracks. Even though the grain density (GD), i.e., the number of developed silver grains per unit length of track, is saturated at high energies, the LDLISs are not in saturation, so that the observable dynamic range is expanded to more than four times larger than which can be obtained by GDs. The precise measurement of the deposited energy for short tracks by particles with short lifetime is also possible using this method.

Published
2012

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