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1. Sports Subsidies Soar. Commentary

Author

Association for the Study of Higher Education and Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

Doug Lederman's article, "Sports Subsidies Soar," discusses the issue on institutional subsidies for sports program. His article invites an obvious question: why are so many universities willing to subsidize athletics through either a direct transfer of institutional funds, assessing a dedicated student fee, or a combination of these? This commentary on Lederman's article presents four sets of strategic advantages that prominent athletics affords universities (Toma, 2003). Each is connected to resource acquisition through effective external relations that enables the aspirations to national and international standing of otherwise local institutions. In other words, institutions leverage various intangible benefits connected with spectator sports in securing resources that serve broader institutional agendas. [This document presents a commentary on: "Sports Subsidies Soar" by Doug Lederman published in "Inside Higher Ed" January 19, 2010. "Sports Subsidies Soar," its commentary, a list of suggested readings, and discussion questions are included.]

Published
2010

2. Legitimacy, Differentiation, and the Promise of the Ed.D. in Higher Education.

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

This paper discusses the Ed.D. and the Ph.D. in Education degrees. Both degrees socialize students into a profession based in service, that enjoys autonomy, and that is grounded in a knowledge base. However, the Ed.D. prepares administrators for professional practice through a practical curriculum, and the Ph.D. concentrates on training faculty and researchers. The ideal is a clear difference between the two degrees, with the Ed.D. training researching professionals and the Ph.D. training professional researchers. This distinction, however, has long been a fiction across U.S. higher education programs. The focus of this essay is that most higher education programs err by using the Ph.D. to prepare administrators, either by preparing them through the wrong means or by labeling Ed.D. training as the Ph.D. Drawing real distinctions between the two degrees is a necessary starting point to move education closer to other professional fields. Ed.D. programs can be more nontraditional and can use new formats that serve students better. The Ed.D. lends itself to the case method, as in law and medicine, and thus to innovation in teaching. Steps toward differentiating the two degrees have been taken at the University of Pennsylvania. In essence, that university has addressed the issue of inputs in differentiating between the two programs, but concerns related to process and outcomes remain. (Contains 37 references.) (SLD)

Published
2002

3. How Much Difference Is Too Much Difference: Perceptions of Homosexuality in Intercollegiate Athletics. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper.

Author

Wolf-Wendel, Lisa E., Toma, J. Douglas, and Morphew, Christopher C.

Abstract

This study explored why college athletes and coaches accept some forms of diversity but are less willing to accept homosexuality. To explore how athletic teams respond to diversity, researchers visited five college campuses, interviewing athletes in higher profile sports with racial and ethnic diversity. Twelve to fifteen formal interviews or focus groups were conducted on each campus, for fifty to one hundred individuals per campus. Because team members were likely to assert heterosexist and homophobic comments around their teammates, homosexuality was explored in single interviews rather than group sessions. In general, there was a remarkably strong sense of community between and among participants on the sports teams even though the teams were marked by diversity. However, there was hostility to gays and lesbians on nearly all teams, and coaches, administrators, and athletes were all unwilling to confront and accept homosexuality. The paper discusses why this situation exists, focusing on athletics as a microcosm of society. It is also probable that athletes have more exposure to racial differences than homosexuality and that collegiate athletics as a field embodies hegemonic masculinity. It is also suggested that athletics may inhibit individual identity in efforts to achieve conformity. (Contains 64 references.) (SLD)

Published
2000

4. Representing the University: The Uses of Intercollegiate Athletics in Enhancing Institutional Identity.

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

This study examined the role of high-profile intercollegiate athletic programs, such as men's football and basketball, in institutional identity. Site visits were conducted at 11 universities in the United States with nationally recognized intercollegiate athletic programs, and a total of 177 formal interviews were conducted with administrators, faculty, and students. An equivalent number of informal interviews were also conducted with faculty, students, and lower-level staff. An analysis of the interview data found that a high-profile college sports program is perceived by external constituents to be something distinctive, central, and enduring about the institution, as well as something that is viewed favorably by others. Both outcomes enhance institutional identification, causing people to: (1) be drawn to the campus, both literally and figuratively; (2) come to know something about the institution, often something positive; and (3) think of the institution in conjunction with the universities against whom the athletics teams commonly compete. (Contains 97 references.) (MDM)

Published
1998

5. The Academic Administrator and the Law: What Every Dean and Department Chair Needs To Know. ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report, Vol. 26, No. 5.

Author

George Washington Univ., Washington, DC. Graduate School of Education and Human Development., Association for the Study of Higher Education., ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education, Washington, DC., Toma, J. Douglas, Palm, Richard L., Toma, J. Douglas, Palm, Richard L., George Washington Univ., Washington, DC. Graduate School of Education and Human Development., Association for the Study of Higher Education., and ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education, Washington, DC.

Abstract

This report examines the role of the college dean or department head in relation to legal issues in higher education. The first section offers principles of the law, the courts, and counsel. It addresses types of legal issues, internal and external sources of the law, deference to academic and behavioral decisions, the distinction between public and private institutions, the attorney-client relationship, pretrial and trial procedures, and individual or institutional liability. Section 2 covers the employment relationship with faculty and staff. It discusses foundations of the relationship between employer and employee, hiring and promotion decisions (equal protection and due process), conduct and misconduct on the job, and dismissal and retirement of faculty and staff. Student issues in the academic setting is the focus of section 3, which examines contract, consumerism, and citizenship; misconduct and discipline; admissions and access; students' records; expression, organizations, and publications; and institutional liability. The final section is about regulation and oversight in the school and department. Specifically addressed are copyrights, trademarks, and patent law; openness and disclosure; family and medical leave; research and teaching; taxation and fundraising; and accreditation. (Contains approximately 375 references.) (DB)

Published
1998

6. The Academic Administrator and the Law: What Every Dean and Department Chair Needs To Know. ERIC Digest.

Author

George Washington Univ., Washington, DC. Graduate School of Education and Human Development., ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education, Washington, DC., Toma, J. Douglas, and Palm, Richard L.

Abstract

This digest summarizes the role of the dean or department chair in dealing with legal issues in higher education. It considers the types of legal issues which might arise for these administrators (such as contract and tort matters for staff and students), the erosion of the legislative and judicial deference given to academic decision making, and the role of institutional counsel and academic deans and chairs. It also discusses issues faced daily by academic administrators, such as employment contracts; decisions about hiring and promoting faculty and staff; due process in disciplining students; nondiscriminatory admissions decisions, especially in the emerging area of disability; confidentiality of student records; and negligence-based institutional liability involving students. (DB)

Published
1998

7. Intercollegiate Athletics and Student College Choice: Understanding the Impact of Championship Seasons on the Quantity and Quality of Undergraduate Applicants. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper.

Author

Toma, J. Douglas and Cross, Michael

Abstract

The effect that winning a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division 1 national championship in football or men's basketball may have upon the quantity and quality of undergraduate admissions applications received by institutions was examined. Between 1979 and 1992, 11 institutions won the NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament with two winning twice. In the same years, 13 different universities won or shared the national title in football. For each of these institutions and each of the championships, admissions data for the 5 years before and after the championship were analyzed. The preliminary findings suggest that the most apparent measure of athletic success, a championship season, was one factor among several in the college choice process for undergraduates. It was found that in certain circumstances notable increases occurred in applications received in the years following the championship season. No evidence was found that the quality of applicants increased following championship years. Championship seasons in the most popular sports were routinely accompanied by significant, positive attention for the sponsoring institution but this attention did not increase the quality of the applicant pool. Appendices detail the findings for football and basketball. (Contains 71 references.)(JLS)

Published
1996

8. Scholars and Their Inquiry Paradigms: Exploring a Conceptual Framework for Classifying Inquiry and Inquirers Based upon Paradigmatic Assumptions.

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

This paper examines whether the social science-based typology of Yvonne Lincoln and Egon Guba (1994), in which social science scholars are divided into positivist, postpositivist, critical, and constructivist paradigms based on ontological, epistemological, and methodological assumptions in the discipline, can be adapted to the academic discipline of law, and whether it can serve as the basis for making cross-disciplinary comparisons toward a better understanding of issues like faculty culture and knowledge production. Lincoln and Guba's typology of paradigms was adapted to law, and the constructs that organized the typology and the resulting classifications were tested in interviews with 22 legal scholars at 3 law schools. The social science-based typology of paradigms was found to apply to law. Even though law has a distinct disciplinary culture and legal scholars view the uses of knowledge differently, legal scholars expressed assumptions that conformed with the social science classifications, although positivism was combined with postpositivism as legal realism. The ontological, epistemological and methodological assumptions of legal realists, and critical and interpretive legal scholars are discussed. (Contains 106 references.) (JPB)

Published
1996

11. Building Organizational Capacity: Strategic Management in Higher Education

Author

Toma, J. Douglas and Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

Every university or college president envisions bold initiatives--big projects intended to change the nature of an institution with significant implications across all sectors. How can leaders and senior managers charged with implementing reforms effectively frame their work and anticipate potential pitfalls? No organization can maximize its capacity, defined as the administrative foundation essential for establishing and sustaining initiatives, without considering its core elements individually and in concert, according to J. Douglas Toma. This book examines eight essential organizational elements--purposes, structure, governance, policies, processes, information, infrastructure, and culture--and illuminates their influence in strategic management through case studies at eight institutions. "Building Organizational Capacity" situates strategic management within the context of higher education, providing practitioners with the tools to better understand institutional challenges in accomplishing its missions and realizing its aspirations. Toma's clear and well-integrated review of the latest research, as well as his advice for decision makers applying the book's lessons in practice, ensures this volume's place in the growing literature on strategy and management in higher education. (Contains 1 line drawing.)

Published
2010

12. A Few Reflections on Accountability, Affordability, and Access Worldwide

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

Considering accountability, affordability, and access through the experiences in Chile, East Asia, Australia, Croatia, and the United States offers a clear reminder that trends and issues in higher education are often more similar across national contexts than they are distinct. Across higher education, institutions and systems are responding to massification, with concerns related to an often dramatic increase in participation prompting efforts toward quality assurance. That these accountability initiatives require enhanced capacity in institutional research is an essential lesson from the accounts of the five national experiences. In this article, the author provides a few reflections on accountability, affordability, and access worldwide.

Published
2008
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13. Expanding Peripheral Activities, Increasing Accountability Demands and Reconsidering Governance in US Higher Education

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

Activities emerging on the periphery of American universities and colleges of all types have challenged traditional conceptions of governance, particularly how to properly involve faculty. Examples of these activities are academic programs for non-traditional students, various auxiliary activities within institutions, and partnerships with communities and industry. This paper describes the US approach to governance and discusses how concerns about diminishing resources and increasing demand, competition and costs are causing institutions to become more managed and less influenced by faculty. The paper concludes with a discussion of recent recommendations for reform in the governance of American higher education. (Contains 7 notes.)

Published
2007
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14. The Uses of Institutional Culture: Strengthening Identification and Building Brand Equity in Higher Education. ASHE Higher Education Report, Volume 31, Number 2

Author

Toma, J. Douglas, Dubrow, Greg, and Hartley, Matthew

Abstract

Institutional culture matters in higher education, and universities and colleges commonly express the need to strengthen their culture. A strong culture is perceived, correctly so, to engender a needed sense of connectedness between and among the varied constituents associated with a campus. Linking organizational culture and social cohesion is not a novel concept. (The authors use the terms "organizational culture" and "institutional culture" interchangeably throughout their discussion.) Their primary contribution here is to argue that a strong institutional culture has concrete uses in universities and colleges: culture is not simply something that is but is something that can do. In connecting people and institutions, institutional culture can pay real dividends, particularly in external relations and in building the campus community that is so critical in student affairs, but also in managing administrative and academic units. Institutional culture is not just something to have, which is where the discussion of the concept usually focuses, but is something to use. The authors thus explore the particular set of benefits accrued by institutions that do what is necessary to enjoy a strong set of institutional norms, values, and beliefs, which is how they define culture. They move beyond the common conception of institutional culture's simply binding together those who work and learn at institutions of higher education, extending the discussion to explore the "so what?" question. They explore how institutional culture enables a university or college community, broadly defined, to identify with the institution. They also examine how it helps clarify the image of that institution in ways that bring what those in marketing would call "brand equity." Through driving institutional identification and brand equity, institutional culture has real uses in strategy and management in higher education. Further, academic or administrative units are much better positioned to be effective when those within them have a concrete appreciation of the institution's norms, values, and beliefs (institutional culture), relate their own fortunes with those of the institution (institutional identification), and can represent the institution's image in ways that yield benefits for it (brand equity). The authors explore these three concepts--and particularly the broad intersections among them--toward an appreciation of how institutions can use what they yield in strategy and management.

Published
2005
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15. A Response to the Rejoinder.

Author

Morphew, Christopher C., Wolf-Wendel, Lisa E., and Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

This paper responds to a rejoinder written about the article, "There Is No 'I' in Team," published in the "Review" in 2001. It agrees with the rejoinder's author that it is important to consider the historical and social contexts of athletics when looking at it as a model for diversity. Nonetheless, it continues to maintain that those in athletics can teach something about working with individuals from different backgrounds. (Author/EV)

Published
2003

16. How Much Difference Is Too Much Difference? Perceptions of Gay Men and Lesbians in Intercollegiate Athletics.

Author

Wolf-Wendel, Lisa E., Toma, J. Douglas, and Morphew, Christopher C.

Abstract

Researchers quantitatively examined how and why student athletes, coaches and athletic administrators at five NCAA Division I universities accepted some forms of diversity so readily, but remained closed and even hostile to gay men, lesbians, and bisexuals. (Contains 54 references.) (Author)

Published
2001

17. There's No 'I' in 'Team': Lessons from Athletics on Community Building.

Author

Wolf-Wendel, Lisa E., Toma, J. Douglas, and Morphew, Christopher C.

Abstract

Explored how athletics meets the challenges associated with creating a community out of difference and how its processes can serve as a model for higher education. Interviews revealed traits that facilitate community-building: team members share a common goal; engage in intense, frequent interaction; share adversity; have a common enemy; and recognize that each individual has something important to contribute. (EV)

Published
2001

18. Understanding Why Scholars Choose To Work in Alternative Inquiry Paradigms.

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

This study used qualitative methods to examine the paradigm choices of 22 legal scholars at three institutions. These faculty members were working in either conventional formalist and realist paradigms or in alternative critical and interpretive paradigms. Paradigm choice appeared to result from personal experiences and structural and conceptual factors. Implications for other fields are drawn. (DB)

Published
1999

19. The Collegiate Ideal and the Tools of External Relations: The Uses of High-Profile Intercollegiate Athletics.

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

High-profile athletic programs contribute to the collegiate ideal and are used by many institutions to provide connections to their internal and external constituencies. The magnitude of major athletic events contributes to and in some cases defines institutional image, even serving as a surrogate for the more intimate community-building activities traditionally found on smaller residential campuses. (Author/MSE)

Published
1999
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20. Intercollegiate Athletics and Student College Choice: Exploring the Impact of Championship Seasons on Undergraduate Applications.

Author

Toma, J. Douglas and Cross, Michael E.

Abstract

A national study found that since 1979, winning a national championship in football or men's basketball results in increases in applications for undergraduate admission in years following the championship. This was found both in absolute numbers and in comparison with schools not winning championships. Institutional data are charted. (Author/MSE)

Published
1998

21. Abstracts

Author

Feinstein, D. L., Galea, E., Rolland, B., Fages, C., Charmeteau, B., Tardy, M., Philbert, M. A., Reuhl, K. R., Primiano, T., Novak, R. F., Lowndes, H. E., Lake, Norma, Neuhaus, J., Fedoroff, S., Abd-El-Basset, E. M., Blevins, G., Devon, R., Doucette, R., Bruner, G., Murphy, S., Rathbone, M. P., Simmons, M. L., Reis, D. J., Latzkovits, L., Cserr, H. F., Patlak, C. S., Pettigrew, K. D., Rimanoczy, A., Juurlink, B. H. J., Robitaille, R., Jahromi, B. S., Charlton, M. P., Ang, L. C., Bhaumick, B., Westmeyer, A., Junghans, U., Müller, H. W., Schmalenbach, C., Sass, J. B., Giffard, R. G., Bruno, V. M., Dugan, L. L., Amagasu, S. A., Makarenko, I. G., Aksenova, M. V., Stagaard-Janas, M., Møllgård, K., Græm, N., Møller, A., Mydlarski, M. B., Schipper, H. M., Ye, X., Carp, R. I., Kascsak, R., Kozielski, R., Kozlowski, P., Yong, W. W., Wright, E., Tejada-Berges, T., Anthes, D. L., Theriault, E., Tator, C. H., Chan-Ling, T., Trout, S., Holländer, H., Stone, J., Wu, W., Toma, J. G., Miller, F. D., Pareek, S., Barker, P., Mathew, T. C., Murphy, R. A., Acheson, A., Moffett, C. W., Paden, C. M., Levine, R. L., Skibo, G. G., Berezovskaya, O. L., Rusakow, D. A., Fedoroff, Sergey, editor, Burkholder, Gary D., editor, Juurlink, Bernhard H. J., editor, and Doucette, Ronald, editor

Published
1993
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22. Community Relationships and Partnerships.

Author

Palm, Richard L. and Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

Describes how connections between university and community occur at several sites. Focuses on nonprofit connections, elementary and secondary schools, government, businesses and corporations, graduates, and other colleges and universities. Also examines university coordination of student involvement within the community. Argues that metropolitan universities must be partners with the city. (RJM)

Published
1997

23. Exploring a Typology for Classifying Inquirers and Inquiry into Paradigms.

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Abstract

Examines the models through which different academic disciplines approach inquiry. Faculty working in different models view their work differently, apply different evaluative standards, and accept different types of values. Although the discipline is more conspicuous than the model, the latter is equally important in understanding epistemological processes. Explores models used by scholars in the field of law. (Author/MSE)

Published
1997

24. Pluralism in the Curriculum: Understanding Its Foundations and Evolution.

Author

Toma, J. Douglas, Stark, Joan S., Toma, J. Douglas, and Stark, Joan S.

Abstract

This review essay considers one recent and two earlier books on pluralism and canon in American college curriculum: (1) "Battleground of the Curriculum: Liberal Education and the American Experience" (W. B. Carnochan); (2) "Canons and Contexts" (Paul Lauter); and (3) "Realms of Meaning: A Philosophy of the Curriculum for General Education" (Philip H. Phenix). (MDM)

Published
1995

25. The Total Synthesis of Proposed Immunoactive Glycolipids from S. Pneumoniae and a Re-evaluation of Their Immunological Activity

Author

John F. Trant, Sadraei Si, Toma J, Mehri S, Igbokwe E, Seyedeh Maryamdokht Taimoory, Yousif G, Munir A. Rahim M, and Al Olabi R

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Glycolipid, Immune system, biology, Biochemistry, Antigen, Chemistry, CD1D, biology.protein, Biological activity, Glycosphingolipid, Receptor, Ternary complex
Abstract

Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT), a subclass of white blood cells, are responsible for the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines which induce a systemic immune response. They are distinctive in having an invariant T-cell receptor that recognizes glycolipid antigens presented by the class I major histocompatibility complex-related protein CD1d, which is conserved across multiple mammalian species in a class of proteins well-renowned for their high degree of polymorphism. This receptor’s first identified antigen is the potent KRN7000, a glycosphingolipid isolated from bacteria that were found on a Japanese marine sponge. The corresponding terrestrial antigen remained unidentified until quite recently, when diacylglycerol-containing glycolipids, reported to activate iNKT cells, were isolated from Streptococcus pneumoniae. We report the total synthesis and immunological re-evaluation of these two glycolipids. The compounds are unable to activate iNKT cells. Computational modelling shows that these ligands, while being capable of interacting with the CD1d receptor, create a different surface for the binary complex that makes formation of the ternary complex with the iNKT T-cell receptor difficult. Together these results suggest that the reported activity might have been due to an impurity in the original isolated sample, and highlights the importance of taking care when reporting biological activity from isolated natural products.

Published
2021
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27. Amateur ideals, commercial realities, and strategic uses: exploring the false divide between spectator sports and the overall university

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Subjects
College sports -- Analysis, Education, Higher -- Curricula -- Analysis, Universities and colleges -- Curricula -- United States, Education, Curricula, Analysis
Abstract

It is common to frame intercollegiate athletics and higher education as existing in opposition, even attributing the challenges of the latter to the presence of the former. Instead of viewing [...]

Published
2005

31. Judo for older adults: the coaches' knowledge and needs of education

Author

Simone Ciaccioni, Flavia Guidotti, Federico Palumbo, Roberta Forte, Envic Galea, Attilio Sacripanti, Nuša Lampe, Špela Lampe, Toma Jelušić, Slaviŝa Bradić, Maria-Loredana Lascau, Alina Rodica-Borza, Raúl Camacho Pérez, Fernando Diéguez Rodríguez-Montero, Mesut Kapan, Kaya Gezeker, Laura Capranica, and Antonio Tessitore

Subjects
judo, martial arts, older individuals, coaches, successful aging, education, Sports, GV557-1198.995
Abstract

This study aimed to explore the views of judo coaches on their perceived knowledge (PK) and needs for education (NE) for training older practitioners. In total, 470 international (Europe = 48%, Americas = 22%, Africa = 23%, Asia = 5% and Oceania = 2%) judo coaches (IJF: level 1 = 55,3%, level 2 = 33%; judo black belt: 3,4 ± 1,7 dan; F = 15%; university education: 68% >BA) responded an online survey encompassing demographic information and 35 items relevant to training older adults (Aging process; Safety and First Aid; Organization & Environment; Physiology and Fitness; Psychology & Mental Health; Teaching & Training) to be rated on a 7-point Likert scale for PK and NE. Non parametric statistics (p > 0.05) was applied to ascertain differences and relationships between PK and NE, respectively. A bivariate go-zone plot was used to highlight items with the lowest PK and the highest NE mean values. The coaches reported high PK (4.5 ± 0.3 pt) and NE (4.7 ± 0.1 pt) values, with significant higher PK values emerging for high education levels and judo experience. In considering their unique needs and special role, the judo coaches presented valuable insights to develop a sustainable educational curriculum tailored to train older judo practitioners.

Published
2024
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32. Education Law Stories

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Subjects
Education Law Stories (Collection) -- Olivas, Michael A. -- Schneider, Ronna Greff, Books -- Book reviews, Education
Abstract

Education Law Stories by Michael A. Olivas and Ronna Greff Schneider. Foundation Press, 2007. 385 pp. $36.00 (paper). ISBN 978-1599410326. Courses addressing legal issues that arise at universities and colleges [...]

Published
2009

33. Academic freedom at the Dawn of a New Century: How Terrorism, Governments, and Culture Wars Impact Free Speech

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Subjects
Academic Freedom at the Dawn of a New Century: How Terrorism, Governments, and Culture Wars Impact Free Speech (Book) -- Gerstmann, Evan -- Streb, Matthew J., Books -- Book reviews, Education
Abstract

Academic Freedom at the Dawn of a New Century: How Terrorism, Governments, and Culture Wars Impact Free Speech, edited by Evan Gerstmann and Matthew J. Streb. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford [...]

Published
2008

34. The Law of Higher Education: A Comprehensive Guide to Legal Implications of Administrative Decision Making (4th ed., 2 vols.)

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Subjects
The Law of Higher Education: A Comprehensive Guide to Legal Implications of Administrative Decision Making, 4th ed., 2 vols. (Book) -- Kaplin, William A. -- Lee, Barbara A., Books -- Book reviews, Education
Abstract

The Law of Higher Education: A Comprehensive Guide to Legal Implications of Administrative Decision Making (4th ed., 2 vols.), by William A. Kaplin and Barbara A. Lee. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, [...]

Published
2008

35. Intercollegiate Athletics, Institutional Aspirations, and Why Legitimacy is More Compelling than Sustainability.

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Subjects
COLLEGE sports, SUBSIDIES, COLLEGE football, ATHLETICS, SCHOLARS
Abstract

The article discusses whether sufficient intangible benefits are realized by institutions who subsidize athletics programs competing in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) that advance institutional aspirations to justify athletics investment. It poses the question of how universities can use athletics to promote broader institutional interests including academics. It cites the Eastern Michigan University that have subsidized its entire 20 million U.S. dollars athletics budget in the hope of benefiting from the advantages related to athletics prominence.

Published
2010
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40. Chromatography: Types, Techniques and Methods

Author

Toma J. Quintin and Toma J. Quintin

Subjects
Liquid chromatography, Veterinary drugs--Analysis, Veterinary drug residues
Abstract

Chromatography is the collective term for a set of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures. It involves passing a mixture dissolved in a'mobile phase'through a stationary phase, which separates the analyte to be measured from other molecules in the mixture and allows it to be isolated. Chromatography may be preparative or analytical. The purpose of preparative chromatography is to separate the components of a mixture for further use (and is thus a form of purification). Analytical chromatography is done normally with smaller amounts of material and is for measuring the relative proportions of analytes in a mixture. This new and important book gathers the latest research from around the globe in the study of chomatography and herein highlights such topics as: analysis of veterinary drugs using chromatographic techniques, liquid chromatography for the determination of mycotoxins in foods, chromatography in the research of phenolic secondary metabolites, and others.

Published
2010

41. Educational Needs for Coaching Judo in Older Adults: The EdJCO Focus Groups

Author

Federico Palumbo, Simone Ciaccioni, Flavia Guidotti, Roberta Forte, Envic Galea, Attilio Sacripanti, Nuša Lampe, Špela Lampe, Toma Jelušić, Slaviŝa Bradić, Maria-Loredana Lascau, Alina Rodica-Borza, Raúl Camacho Pérez, Fernando Diéguez Rodríguez-Montero, Mesut Kapan, Kaya Gezeker, Laura Capranica, and Antonio Tessitore

Subjects
judo, martial arts, older individuals, coaches, successful aging, focus groups, Sports, GV557-1198.995
Abstract

Judo coaches are urged to develop specific competencies and skills for addressing the special needs of older practitioners. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the experts’ opinions on judo training in late adulthood to develop sound educational programs for coaches of older judo practitioners. Overall, eighty-eight experts from an international consortium of judo and educational partners participated in national focus groups. During the focus groups, experts discussed five themes and generated statements pertinent to educate coaches to support older judo practitioners (e.g., benefits; necessary knowledge; risks; training groups definition; tools; and tests for monitoring training plans). The initial list of 262 statements was synthesized, validated, analyzed, and organized into a final list of 55 statements and six macro-areas: aging process (n = 10); safety and first aid (n = 6); physiology and fitness (n = 12); psychology and mental health (n = 11); organization and environment (n = 5); adapted judo teaching and training (n = 11). The present international eminence-based study, harmonizing diverse intercultural perspectives, highlighted the specific needs of older judo practitioners. The results of this study will contribute to the structure of a sound educational program for coaches of older judo practitioners to enhance the quality of older adults’ sports experiences by linking safety, enjoyment, social interactions, and learning principles.

Published
2023
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44. A Contribution to Algal Flora in Baghdad Area, Iraq

Author

Hassan, F. M., Toma, J. J., Ismail, A. M., Alhassany, J. S., Hadi, R. A. M., Maulood, B. K., Hassan, F. M., Toma, J. J., Ismail, A. M., Alhassany, J. S., Hadi, R. A. M., and Maulood, B. K.

Abstract

This study contains the description of twenty-five algal species, twenty genera, nineteen families, nine orders and six classes that were identified in the Baghdad Area during the period from 2007 till 2009, and based on the study two new records will be added to the Algal Flora list of Iraq.

Published
2012

45. Autocrine Hepatocyte Growth Factor Provides a Local Mechanism for Promoting Axonal Growth

Author

Yang, X., Toma, J. G., Bamji, S. X., Belliveau, Daniel, Kohn, J., Park, M., and Miller, F. D.

Subjects
Other Research Interests, autocrine growth factors, Curriculum and Instruction, nervous system, sympathetic neurons, neuronal survival, Neoplasms, Nervous System Diseases, hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, met receptor, Nervous System, axonal growth, Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research
Abstract

In this report, we describe a novel local mechanism necessary for optimal axonal growth that involves hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Sympathetic neurons of the superior cervical ganglion coexpress bioactive HGF and its receptor, the Met tyrosine kinase, both in vivo and in vitro. Exogenous HGF selectively promotes the growth but not survival of cultured sympathetic neurons; the magnitude of this growth effect is similar to that observed with exogenous NGF. Conversely, HGF antibodies that inhibit endogenous HGF decrease sympathetic neuron growth but have no effect on survival. This autocrine HGF is required locally by sympathetic axons for optimal growth, as demonstrated using compartmented cultures. Thus, autocrine HGF provides a local, intrinsic mechanism for promoting neuronal growth without affecting survival, a role that may be essential during developmental axogenesis or after neuronal injury.

Published
1998

47. Bad Sports

Author

Toma, J. Douglas

Published
2007

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