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The systematicness of phenomics and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) enable these two disciplines to interlink with each other. This article discussed the similarity in theory and application between TCM and phenomics and illustrates their respective advantages in diagnosis and treatment of diseases, forming a new discipline eventually. Chinese medicine phenomics (Chinmedphenomics) is built on classic TCM, combined with phenomics technology, and the development of which needs the mega cohort with TCM syndrome and the characteristics of precision medicine as well as multi-disciplinary cooperation, which is personalized, precise and promising, providing unique scientific insights into understanding human health.

Myogenic differentiation requires to be exactly explored for the effective treatment of fracture. The speed of healing is affected by skeletal muscle, linked to activation of specific myogenic transcription factors during the repair process. In previous study, we discovered that psoralen enhanced differentiation of osteoblast in primary mouse. In the current study, we show that psoralen stimulates myogenic differentiation through the secretion of factors to hone the quality of repair in fractured mice. 3-month old mice were treated with corn oil or psoralen followed by a tibial fracture surgery. Fractures were tested 7, 14, and 21 days respectively later by histology and images observation. Skeletal muscles including soleus muscle and posterior tibial muscle around the damaged bone were collected for quantitative real-time PCR, HE staining, as well as western blot. Daily treatment with psoralen at seven, fourteen days or twenty-one days improves protein or mRNA levels responsible for the whole myogenic differentiation process, makes the muscle fibers more tightly aligned, and promotes callus formation and development. This data shows that high levels of myogenic transcription factors in the process of fracture healing in mice foster the repair of damaged muscles, and indicates a pharmacological approach that targets myogenic differentiation to improve fracture repair. This also reflects the academic thought of "paying equal attention to both muscles and bones" in the prevention and treatment of fracture healing.

We investigated the performance of a multi-slab Nd:glass laser amplifier using a sapphire face-cooled design. The experimental amplification of 10-ns pulses, to an output energy of 560 mJ at a repetition rate of 1 Hz with an energy stability of 0.39% RMS was achieved, when pumped by 10 J of diode energy at 802 nm, corresponding to an optical to optical efficiency of 5.6%. The sapphire-cooled Nd:glass concept is a novel demonstration for a diode-pumped laser amplification to the sub-joule level and this concept holds promise of achieving higher energies and repetition rates in multi-slab amplifiers.

A high-power, Joule-class, nanosecond temporally shaped multi-pass ring laser amplifier system with two neodymium-doped phosphate glass (Nd:glass) laser heads is demonstrated. The laser amplifier system consists of three parts: an all-fiber structure seeder, a diode-pumped Nd:glass regenerative amplifier and a multi-pass ring amplifier, where the thermally induced depolarization of two laser heads is studied experimentally and theoretically. Following the injection of a square pulse with the pulse energy of 0.9 mJ and pulse width of 6 ns, a 0.969-J high-energy laser pulse at 1 Hz was generated, which had the ability to change the waveform arbitrarily, based on the all-fiber structure front end. The experimental results show that the proposed laser system is promising to be adopted in the preamplifier of high-power laser facilities.

In this work, we evaluated the feasibility of sapphire conductive cooling for short-pulse Ti:Sapphire (Ti:sa) laser amplifiers which suffers from thermal issues under high-repetition-rate and high-energy operation. Numerical heat transfer simulations of 100-TW class sapphire face-cooled Ti:sa gain modules operated around 300 W average powers are presented. The distributions of temperature, stress, strain, and birefringence in liquid cooled sapphire/Ti:sa/sapphire assembly are calculated by a finite element analysis. Based on these data, the thermal induced wave front distortions and depolarization are investigated for different repetition rates. We determine that sapphire face cooling concept holds a promise of achieving higher energies and repetition-rates in Ti:Sa amplifiers.

We demonstrate a laser diode end-pumped helium gas-cooled multislab Nd:glass laser amplifier. The design and thermal management of the proposed laser amplifier are discussed. The thermally induced wavefront aberration of the slabs was also measured and compared with simulation results. A small-signal single-pass longitudinal gain of 1.8 was measured with a pump energy of 7.3 J. With an injected seed energy of 0.6 mJ, the output energy from the amplifier reached 0.5 J at 0.2 Hz and 0.43 J at 0.5 Hz in a multipass extraction geometry, thus demonstrating the feasibility of diode-pumped, high-energy lasers with direct gas cooling.

We present amplification results for a sapphire-cooled multi-slab Nd:glass amplifier, an output energy of 562 mJ at 1 Hz with energy stability of 0.39% RMS was achieved.

We demonstrate for the first time a sapphire-cooled Nd:glass composite assembly based on optical bonding of two thin sapphire plates to a Nd:glass slab for efficient heat removal. The distributions of temperature, stress, depolarization loss, and wavefront aberration were obtained by finite element analysis. The simulation results were verified experimentally. Although the heat generation rate was 4.5 W/cm3, the temperature increase was within 5.7 °C at the center of the sapphire surface, and the whole wavefront aberration was 1.21 λ (λ = 1053 nm). This demonstration opens up a viable path toward novel repetition rate Nd:glass laser amplifier designs with efficient double-sided room-temperature heat sinking on both sides of the slab.

A novel instrument based on an improved off-axis alignment of integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) in conjunction with a wavelength modulation (WM) technique, was developed using a DFB diode laser operating in the near infrared at 1.573 μm (6357.3 cm-1). The laser-based sensor employed a 44 cm optical cavity that provided an effective absorption path length of ∼68 m. A minimum detectable absorption of approximately 3.6 ppmv Hz-1/2 or 2.3×10-7 Hz-1/2 per optical pass was obtained using second harmonic detection. We demonstrated that by implementation of the WM technique to OA-ICOS in the near infrared, the detection sensitivity was improved by a factor of 14 compared to that obtained with OA-ICOS. Measurements of CO2 mixing ratios in ambient air have been performed by using both OA-ICOS and WM-OA-ICOS techniques for performance comparison.