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Research has been conducted on the tris[2-(diphenylphosphino)ethyl]phosphine palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes. The preparation of these complexes via interaction of aqueous solutions of MCl (sub)4 (super)2- salts with PP (sub)3 in CHCl (sub)3 is described.

Research has been conducted on the halogen atoms. The role of this atom as a leaving group in Bu (sub)3 SnH-mediated radical cyclization of N-(cyclohex-1-enyl) alpha-halo amides has been investigated and the details are reported.

A spectroelectrochemical sensor with attenuated total reflectance at an indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) optically transparent electrode coated with a thin film of Nation has been demonstrated for the determination of aqueous iron ion. The novelty of this sensor stems from its ability to take up colorless iron ion ([Fe.sup.2+]) from solution and complex it with an organic ligand, 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), that has been previously loaded in the optically transparent charge-selective Nafion film coating the electrode. The resulting complex ion, tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)iron(II), Fe[(bipy).sup.2+.sub.3], absorbs strongly, making it easily detectable via optical spectroscopy. Fe[(bipy).sup.2+.sub.3] loaded into the selective film is oxidized to colorless Fe[(bipy).sup.3+.sub.3], which gives rise to an absorbance change for quantifying iron. This paper maps the development of this sensor, from the spectroelectrochemical characterization of the complex ion at an ITO optically transparent electrode to an analysis of the uptake, retention, and optical response of the complex ion in the Nation film. Finally, an evaluation of the uptake of aqueous [Fe.sup.2+] by the bipy-loaded Nation film is reported. These data include preliminary results illustrating the dependence of the sensor response on differing concentrations of [Fe.sup.2+] in solution.

Research has been conducted on the halide derivatives of germanium(II) and tin(II) aminotroponiminate complexes. The syntheses of these complexes and their silver salt metathesis reactions has been studied and the details are reported.

Research has been conducted on the organogermanium and organotin compounds. The preparation of 1,2-bis(chlorodimethylgermyl)carborane and 1,2-bis(bromodimethylstannyl)carborane carried out via the dilithio-o-carborane reaction with Me (sub)2 GeCl (sub)2 and Me (sub)2 SnBr (sub)2 is described.

Research has been conducted on the quasi-1D nanomaterials with 2D framework. The formation mechanism of the pure tetragonal Cu (sub)3 SnS (sub)4 nanorods has been investigated via a number of supplementary experiments and the infrared absorption spectrum and the details are reported.

Research has been conducted on the mono-, di- and trichloroarenes and aryltrimethylammonium sals. The photostimulated reactions of these salts with Me (sub)3 Sn (super)- ions have been carried out in liquid ammonia to produce stannanes and the details are reported.

Research has been conducted on the polymeric [Sn(ONep) (sub)2] (super)infinity. The hydrolysis behavior of this compound has been investigated via the stoichiometric addition of water to stirring solutions in tetrahydrofuran and the details are discussed.

Research has been conducted on the radical reactions. The results of the catalytic reaction of 1,2,3-selenadiazoles with olefins or dienes carried out in the presence of Bu (sub)3 SnH and AIBN are discussed.

Research has been conducted on the heteroatomic closo-[1-M(CO) (sub)3 (nu (super)4 -E (sub)9)] (super)4- (E= Sn, Pb; M= Mo, W) anions. The crystal structures of these anions and solution characterization of the [1-M(CO) (sub)3 (nu (super)4 -Sn (sub)9)] (super)4- (M= Cr, Mo, W) anions have been investigated and the results of the NMR spectroscopy analysis of the anions are presented.

Research has been conducted on the (CH (sub)3) (sub)3 SnI existing as individual tetrahedral molecules in hexane. Results indicate that the photochemistry of this complex initiates from the ligand-to-metal charge-transfer state which is populated on the absorption in different media and that regardless of the medium the ground state is polarized.

Research has been conducted on the compounds containing square pyramidal tin and lead Tt (sub)5 polyanions. Results indicate that these compounds have been obtained via the direct fusion of the alkaline-earth or rare-earth metal-tetrel systems followed by slow cooling.

Research has been conducted on the porphyrin arrays, a hexamer and a nonamer. The synthesis and characterization of these arrays have been carried out via elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods, and the results indicate that the construction scheme of these arrays involves sequential organic and inorganic reactions performed at the central tin(IV) ion of the porphyrin scaffold and at the peripheral meso-phenyl ring.

Research has been conducted on the phthalocyaninato(IV) complexes. The crystal structures of these complexes have been investigated and compared and the results have revealed structural differences between the complexes.

Research has been conducted on the Zintl isostructural compounds with mixed alkali and alkaline-earth cations and isolated Sn (sub)12 (super)12- clusters. The synthesis of these compounds has been carried out via the heating of the corresponding mixtures of the elements and the results indicate that both compounds are diamagnetic and electronically balanced.

Research has been conducted on the the iridium(III-) species, Na (sub)3 [Ir(CO) (sub)3]. The synthesis, isolation and characterization of this compound have been carried out and the results are reported.

Research has been conducted on the heterocycle thioxotriazole. The reaction of this thioxotriazole with sodium tetrahydroborate has been examined and the results indicate that this reaction provides [N (sub)3 /S (sub)3] ambidentate tripod ligand hydridotris(thioxotriazolyl)borate as its sodium complex salt.

Research has been conducted on the Sn (sub)4 Ch (sub)10 (super)4- anions. The synthesis and the structural characterization of these anions have been investigated via the X-ray crystallography and their vibrational frequencies have been calculated via the use of the density functional theory.

Research has been conducted on the differently metalated vinylcuprate intermediates produced by silyl- and stannylcupration of silyl- and tin-containing acetylenes. The reaction of these intermediates with the electrophiles has been investigated and the results are discussed.

Research has been conducted on the possibility to design precursors with the potential to yield fluorine-doped tin dioxide materials by the sol-gel rout. Results include creation of a covalent bond between tin and fluorine.

Research has been conducted on the reaction of Ni (sub)3 (dppm) (sub)3 (mu (sub)3 -I) (sub)2 with sodium trichlorostannate. Results indicate that this reaction gives tin-capped nickel clusters which have been characterized via the use of (super)31 P NMR, cyclic voltometry and X-ray diffraction.

Research has been conducted on the KSnAsS (sub)5 and K (sub)2 SnAs (sub)2 S (sub)6 low-dimensional compounds. The reactivity of Sn in the thioarsenate melts of Lewis basicity and the isolation of KSnAsS (sub)5 have been investigated and the details are reported.

Research has been conducted on the SnS nanoparticles. The one-pot synthesis of these nanoparticles from the in situ activated tin metal elemental sulfur in diethyleneglycoldimethylether at high temperature have been carried out and the results are reported.

Research has been conducted on the tin(II), indium(I) and germanium(II). The reactions of these metals with chromium(VI) and chromium(IV) species have been investigated and the results demonstrate the evidence for the 2e (super)- changes occurred via the oxygen atom (oxo) transfer.

Research has been conducted on the stannanes. The metal-catalyzed dehydrocoupling of Mes (sub)2 SnH (sub)2 to Mes (sub)2 HSnHSnHMes (sub)2 (Mes= 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) has been investigated via the analysis of the isolated intermediate d (super)0 metal hydrostannyl derivative and the details are reported.

The magnitude of the gamma-effect of tin has been extensively studied, mostly in solvolytic reactions. A system has been devised to examine intramolecular competition between gamma-elimination of tin and beta-elimination of tin or silicon. The addition of alpha-tin-substituted carbocations to allyltin and -silicon compounds was undertaken, and the success of the cyclopropanation reaction with allylsilane, led to an investigation of the generality of the reaction. The gamma-elimination of tin was faster than the beta-elimination of silicon, but slow than the beta-elimination of tin.